1
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Sun H, Wang S, Dugas PY, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M. Peculiar Behavior of Methyl Methacrylate Emulsion Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly Mediated by RAFT Using Poly(Methacrylic Acid) Macromolecular Chain Transfer Agent. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400141. [PMID: 38695257 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is successfully performed in water in the presence of a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) macromolecular chain transfer agent (macroCTA) leading to the formation of self-stabilized PMAA-b-PMMA amphiphilic block copolymer particles. At pH 3.7, the reactions are well-controlled with narrow molar mass distributions. Increasing the initial pH, particularly above 5.6, results in a partial loss of reactivity of the PMAA macroCTA. The effect of the degree of polymerization (DPn) of the PMMA block, the solids content, the nature of the hydrophobic segment, and the pH on the morphology of the obtained diblock copolymer particles is then investigated. Worm-like micelles are formed for a DPn of PMMA of 20 (PMMA20), while "onion-like" particles and spherical vesicles are obtained for PMMA30 and PMMA50, respectively. In contrast, spherical particles are obtained for the DPns higher than 150. This unusual evolution of particle morphologies upon increasing the DPn of the PMMA block seems to be related to hydrogen bonds between hydrophilic MAA and hydrophobic MMA units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidi Sun
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), Villeurbanne, F-69616, France
| | - Suren Wang
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), Villeurbanne, F-69616, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Dugas
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), Villeurbanne, F-69616, France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), Villeurbanne, F-69616, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M), Villeurbanne, F-69616, France
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2
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Serkhacheva NS, Prokopov NI, Lysenko EA, Kozhunova EY, Chernikova EV. Modern Trends in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1408. [PMID: 38794601 PMCID: PMC11125046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for producing colloidal dispersions of block copolymer particles with desired morphologies. Currently, PISA can be carried out in various media, over a wide range of temperatures, and using different mechanisms. This method enables the production of biodegradable objects and particles with various functionalities and stimuli sensitivity. Consequently, PISA offers a broad spectrum of potential commercial applications. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of rational synthesis of block copolymer particles with diverse morphologies using various PISA techniques and mechanisms. The discussion begins with an examination of the main thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of block copolymer micellization, followed by an exploration of the key principles of PISA in the formation of gradient and block copolymers. The review also delves into the main mechanisms of PISA implementation and the principles governing particle morphology. Finally, the potential future developments in PISA are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Serkhacheva
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nickolay I. Prokopov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii A. Lysenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kozhunova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
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3
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Astier S, Johnson EC, Norvilaite O, Varlas S, Brotherton EE, Sanderson G, Leggett GJ, Armes SP. Controlling Adsorption of Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles onto an Aldehyde-Functionalized Hydrophilic Polymer Brush via pH Modulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38320303 PMCID: PMC10883040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles with a well-defined spherical morphology and tunable diameter were prepared by RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate at 70 °C. The steric stabilizer precursor used for these syntheses contained pendent cis-diol groups, which means that such nanoparticles can react with a suitable aldehyde-functional surface via acetal bond formation. This principle is examined herein by growing an aldehyde-functionalized polymer brush from a planar silicon wafer and studying the extent of nanoparticle adsorption onto this model substrate from aqueous solution at 25 °C using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The adsorbed amount, Γ, depends on both the nanoparticle diameter and the solution pH, with minimal adsorption observed at pH 7 or 10 and substantial adsorption achieved at pH 4. Variable-temperature QCM studies provide strong evidence for chemical adsorption, while scanning electron microscopy images recorded for the nanoparticle-coated brush surface after drying indicate mean surface coverages of up to 62%. This fundamental study extends our understanding of the chemical adsorption of nanoparticles on soft substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Astier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Edwin C Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Oleta Norvilaite
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Emma E Brotherton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - George Sanderson
- GEO Specialty Chemicals, Hythe, Southampton, Hampshire SO45 3ZG, U.K
| | - Graham J Leggett
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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4
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Shape-Shifting Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer Nano-Objects. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:906-920. [PMID: 36566636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this Feature Article, we review our recent progress in the design of shape-shifting thermoresponsive diblock copolymer nano-objects, which are prepared using various hydroxyl-functional (meth)acrylic monomers (e.g. 2‑hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4‑hydroxybutyl acrylate or hydroxybutyl methacrylate) to generate the thermoresponsive block. Unlike traditional thermoresponsive polymers such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), there is no transition between soluble and insoluble polymer chains in aqueous solution. Instead, thermally driven transitions between a series of copolymer morphologies (e.g. spheres, worms, vesicles or lamellae) occur on adjusting the aqueous solution temperature owing to a subtle change in the partial degree of hydration of the permanently insoluble thermoresponsive block. Such remarkable self-assembly behavior is unprecedented in colloid science: no other amphiphilic diblock copolymer or surfactant system undergoes such behavior at a fixed chemical composition and concentration. Such shape-shifting nano-objects are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, rheology and variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Potential applications for this fascinating new class of amphiphiles are briefly considered.
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5
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Hunter SJ, Penfold NJW, Jones ER, Zinn T, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Synthesis of Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Nano-Objects via RAFT Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization of Hydroxybutyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2022; 55:3051-3062. [PMID: 35492576 PMCID: PMC9047412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saul J. Hunter
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | | | - Thomas Zinn
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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6
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Chan DH, Deane OJ, Kynaston EL, Lindsay C, Taylor P, Armes SP. Sterically Stabilized Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles Enable Convenient Preparation of Suspension Concentrates Comprising Various Agrochemical Actives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2885-2894. [PMID: 35192370 PMCID: PMC9007534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles can be readily prepared using polymerization-induced self-assembly. Recently, we reported that such nanoparticles can be employed as a dispersant to prepare micron-sized particles of a widely used fungicide (azoxystrobin) via ball milling. In the present study, we examine the effect of varying the nature of the steric stabilizer block, the mean nanoparticle diameter, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the core-forming block on the particle size and colloidal stability of such azoxystrobin microparticles. In addition, the effect of crosslinking the nanoparticle cores is also investigated. Laser diffraction studies indicated the formation of azoxystrobin microparticles of approximately 2 μm diameter after milling for between 15 and 30 min at 6000 rpm. Diblock copolymer nanoparticles comprising a non-ionic steric stabilizer, rather than a cationic or anionic steric stabilizer, were determined to be more effective dispersants. Furthermore, nanoparticles of up to 51 nm diameter enabled efficient milling and ensured overall suspension concentrate stability. Moreover, crosslinking the nanoparticle cores and adjusting the Tg of the core-forming block had little effect on the milling of azoxystrobin. Finally, we show that this versatile approach is also applicable to five other organic crystalline agrochemicals, namely pinoxaden, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, isopyrazam and tebuconazole. TEM studies confirmed the adsorption of sterically stabilized nanoparticles at the surface of such agrochemical microparticles. The nanoparticles are characterized using TEM, DLS, aqueous electrophoresis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, while the final aqueous' suspension concentrates comprising microparticles of the above six agrochemical actives are characterized using optical microscopy, laser diffraction and electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek
H. H. Chan
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Emily L. Kynaston
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Christopher Lindsay
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Philip Taylor
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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7
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Polymeric Nanocomposites based on High Aspect Ratio Polymer Fillers: Simultaneous Improvement in Tensile Strength and Stretchability. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Cumming J, Deane OJ, Armes SP. Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Aqueous Dispersion Polymerization of 4-Hydroxybutyl Acrylate Produces Highly Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Nano-Objects. Macromolecules 2022; 55:788-798. [PMID: 35431331 PMCID: PMC9007527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) using a poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) precursor is an important prototypical example of polymerization-induced self-assembly. 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) is a structural isomer of HPMA, but the former monomer exhibits appreciably higher aqueous solubility. For the two corresponding homopolymers, PHBA is more weakly hydrophobic than PHPMA. Moreover, PHBA has a significantly lower glass transition temperature (T g) so it exhibits much higher chain mobility than PHPMA at around ambient temperature. In view of these striking differences, we have examined the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of HBA using a PGMA precursor with the aim of producing a series of PGMA57-300-PHBA100-1580 diblock copolymer nano-objects by systematic variation of the mean degree of polymerization of each block. A pseudo-phase diagram is constructed using transmission electron microscopy to assign the copolymer morphology after employing glutaraldehyde to cross-link the PHBA chains and hence prevent film formation during grid preparation. The thermoresponsive character of the as-synthesized linear nano-objects is explored using dynamic light scattering and temperature-dependent rheological measurements. Comparison with the analogous PGMA x -PHPMA y formulation is made where appropriate. In particular, we demonstrate that replacing the structure-directing PHPMA block with PHBA leads to significantly greater thermoresponsive behavior over a much wider range of diblock copolymer compositions. Given that PGMA-PHPMA worm gels can induce stasis in human stem cells (see Canton et al., ACS Central Science, 2016, 2, 65-74), our findings are likely to have implications for the design of next-generation PGMA-PHBA worm gels for cell biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana
M. Cumming
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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9
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Schuett T, Kimmig J, Zechel S, Schubert US. Fully Automated Multi-Step Synthesis of Block Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:292. [PMID: 35054696 PMCID: PMC8780857 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An automated synthesis protocol is developed for the synthesis of block copolymers in a multi-step approach in a fully automated manner. For this purpose, an automated dialysis setup is combined with robot-based synthesis protocols. Consequently, several block copolymerizations are executed completely automated and compared to the respective manual synthesis. As a result, this study opens up the field of autonomous multi-step reactions without any human interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Schuett
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.Z.); (U.S.S.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Kimmig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.Z.); (U.S.S.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Zechel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.Z.); (U.S.S.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.Z.); (U.S.S.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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10
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Kim HJ, Ishizuka F, Kuchel RP, Chatani S, Niino H, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of low glass transition temperature worms comprising a poly(styrene- stat-n-butyl acrylate) core segment via polymerization-induced self-assembly in RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01636a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of nanodimensional polymeric worms of low glass transition temperature using aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Fumi Ishizuka
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Electron Microscope Unit, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shunsuke Chatani
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima 739-0693, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Niino
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima 739-0693, Japan
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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11
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Beattie DL, Deane OJ, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate: effect of end-group ionization on the formation and colloidal stability of sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01562a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)-poly(4-hydroxybutyl acrylate) nano-objects are prepared by aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) using an ionic RAFT agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Beattie
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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12
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Audureau N, Coumes F, Rieger J, Stoffelbach F. Poly(N-cyanoethylacrylamide), a new thermoresponsive homopolymer presenting both LCST and UCST behavior in water. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that poly(N-cyanomethylacrylamide) (PCMAm) synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization exhibits a typical upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type transition in water with a very...
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13
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Penfold NJW, Neal TJ, Plait C, Leigh AE, Chimonides G, Smallridge MJ, Armes SP. Reverse sequence polymerization-induced self-assembly in aqueous media: a counter-intuitive approach to sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nano-objects. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 500 nm charge-stabilized latex is converted into 40 nm sterically-stabilized nanoparticles via reverse sequence polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. W. Penfold
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Corentin Plait
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Andrew E. Leigh
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Gwen Chimonides
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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14
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Ishizuka F, Kim HJ, Kuchel RP, Yao Y, Chatani S, Niino H, Zetterlund PB. Nano-dimensional Spheres and Worms as Fillers in Polymer Nanocomposites: Effect of Filler Morphology. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanofillers are prepared via polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA). Nano-dimensional spheres and worms are used to reinforce polymer nanocomposite film to investigate the effect of filler morphology and the effect...
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15
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Marsden CJ, Breen C, Tinkler J, Berki T, Lester DW, Martinelli J, Tei L, Butler SJ, Willcock H. Crosslinked p(MMA) Particles by RAFT Emulsion Polymerisation: Tuning Size and Stability. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of amphiphilic di-block copolymers allows a large array of nanostructures to be created, including block copolymer particles, which have proved valuable for biomedical applications. Despite progress in...
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16
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Audureau N, Veith C, Coumes F, Nguyen TPT, Rieger J, Stoffelbach F. RAFT-Polymerized N-Cyanomethylacrylamide-Based (Co)polymers Exhibiting Tunable UCST Behavior in Water. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100556. [PMID: 34658099 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this present work, the synthesis of a new family of upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-thermoresponsive polymers based on N-cyanomethylacrylamide (CMAm) is reported. It is demonstrated that the thermally initiated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of CMAm conducted in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is well controlled. The homopolymer presents a sharp and reversible UCST-type phase transition in pure water with a very small hysteresis between cooling and heating cycles. It is demonstrated that the cloud point (TCP ) of poly(N-cyanomethylacrylamide) (PCMAm) is strongly molar mass dependent and shifts toward lower temperatures in saline water. Moreover, the transition temperature can be tuned over a large temperature range by copolymerization of CMAm with acrylamide or acrylic acid. The latter copolymers are both thermoresponsive and pH responsive. Interestingly, by this strategy sharp and reversible UCST-type transitions close to physiological temperature can be reached, which makes the copolymers extremely interesting candidates for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Audureau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Clémence Veith
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Fanny Coumes
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Thi Phuong Thu Nguyen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - François Stoffelbach
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France
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17
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Robles Grana AL, Maldonado-Textle H, Torres-Lubián JR, St Thomas C, Díaz de León R, Olivares-Romero JL, Valencia L, Enríquez-Medrano FJ. Controlled (Co)Polymerization of Methacrylates Using a Novel Symmetrical Trithiocarbonate RAFT Agent Bearing Diphenylmethyl Groups. Molecules 2021; 26:4618. [PMID: 34361771 PMCID: PMC8347122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel type of symmetrical trithiocarbonate chain transfer agent (CTA) based diphenylmethyl as R groups. The utilization of this CTA in the Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) process reveals an efficient control in the polymerization of methacrylic monomers and the preparation of block copolymers. The latter are obtained by the (co)polymerization of styrene or butyl acrylate using a functionalized macro-CTA polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) previously synthesized. Data show low molecular weight dispersity values (Đ < 1.5) particularly in the polymerization of methacrylic monomers. Considering a typical RAFT mechanism, the leaving groups (R) from the fragmentation of CTA should be able to re-initiate the polymerization (formation of growth chains) allowing an efficient control of the process. Nevertheless, in the case of the polymerization of MMA in the presence of this symmetrical CTA, the polymerization process displays an atypical behavior that requires high [initiator]/[CTA] molar ratios for accessing predictable molecular weights without affecting the Đ. Some evidence suggests that this does not completely behave as a common RAFT agent as it is not completely consumed during the polymerization reaction, and it needs atypical high molar ratios [initiator]/[CTA] to be closer to the predicted molecular weight without affecting the Đ. This work demonstrates that MMA and other methacrylic monomers can be polymerized in a controlled way, and with "living" characteristics, using certain symmetrical trithiocarbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Leonel Robles Grana
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico; (A.L.R.G.); (H.M.-T.); (J.R.T.-L.); (R.D.d.L.)
| | - Hortensia Maldonado-Textle
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico; (A.L.R.G.); (H.M.-T.); (J.R.T.-L.); (R.D.d.L.)
| | - José Román Torres-Lubián
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico; (A.L.R.G.); (H.M.-T.); (J.R.T.-L.); (R.D.d.L.)
| | - Claude St Thomas
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico;
| | - Ramón Díaz de León
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico; (A.L.R.G.); (H.M.-T.); (J.R.T.-L.); (R.D.d.L.)
| | - José Luis Olivares-Romero
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Campus III, Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa 91073, Mexico;
| | - Luis Valencia
- Biofiber Tech Sweden AB, Norrsken Hourse, Birger Jarlsgatan 57 C, SE-113 56 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Francisco Javier Enríquez-Medrano
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, No. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25294, Mexico; (A.L.R.G.); (H.M.-T.); (J.R.T.-L.); (R.D.d.L.)
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18
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Chan DH, Kynaston EL, Lindsay C, Taylor P, Armes SP. Block Copolymer Nanoparticles are Effective Dispersants for Micrometer-Sized Organic Crystalline Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30235-30243. [PMID: 34151553 PMCID: PMC8289232 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles of 29 nm diameter are prepared by RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate using a dithiobenzoate-capped poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) precursor. These nanoparticles are evaluated as a dispersant for the preparation of organic crystalline microparticles via ball milling. This is exemplified for azoxystrobin, which is a broad-spectrum fungicide that is widely used to protect various food crops. Laser diffraction and optical microscopy studies indicate the formation of azoxystrobin microparticles of approximately 2 μm diameter after ball milling for 10 min at 400 rpm. Nanoparticle adsorption at the surface of these azoxystrobin microparticles is confirmed by electron microscopy studies. The extent of nanoparticle adsorption on the azoxystrobin microparticles can be quantified using a supernatant assay based on solution densitometry. This technique indicates an adsorbed amount of approximately 5.5 mg m-2, which is sufficient to significantly reduce the negative zeta potential exhibited by azoxystrobin. Moreover, this adsorbed amount appears to be essentially independent of the nature of the core-forming block, with similar data being obtained for both poly(methyl methacrylate)- and poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate)-based nanoparticles. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm attenuation of the underlying N1s signal arising from the azoxystrobin microparticles by the former adsorbed nanoparticles, suggesting a fractional surface coverage of approximately 0.24. This value is consistent with a theoretical surface coverage of 0.25 calculated from the adsorption isotherm data. Overall, this study suggests that sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles may offer a useful alternative approach to traditional soluble copolymer dispersants for the preparation of suspension concentrates affecting the context of agrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek
H. H. Chan
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Emily L. Kynaston
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Christopher Lindsay
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Philip Taylor
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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19
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Rymaruk MJ, O'Brien CT, György C, Darmau B, Jennings J, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies of Block Copolymer Nano-Objects: Formation of Ordered Phases in Concentrated Solution During Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12955-12963. [PMID: 33725372 PMCID: PMC8252599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report that polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) can be used to prepare lyotropic phases comprising diblock copolymer nano-objects in non-polar media. RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) at 90 °C using a trithiocarbonate-capped hydrogenated polybutadiene (PhBD) steric stabilizer block in n-dodecane produces either spheres or worms that exhibit long-range order at 40 % w/w solids. NMR studies enable calculation of instantaneous copolymer compositions for each phase during the BzMA polymerization. As the PBzMA chains grow longer when targeting PhBD80 -PBzMA40 , time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering reveals intermediate body-centered cubic (BCC) and hexagonally close-packed (HCP) sphere phases prior to formation of a final hexagonal cylinder phase (HEX). The HEX phase is lost on serial dilution and the aligned cylinders eventually form disordered flexible worms. The HEX phase undergoes an order-disorder transition on heating to 150 °C and a pure HCP phase forms on cooling to 20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
- Present address: SyngentaJealott's HillBracknellBerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Cate T. O'Brien
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Bastien Darmau
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - James Jennings
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryThe University of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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20
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Rymaruk MJ, O'Brien CT, György C, Darmau B, Jennings J, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. Small‐Angle X‐Ray Scattering Studies of Block Copolymer Nano‐Objects: Formation of Ordered Phases in Concentrated Solution During Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
- Present address: Syngenta Jealott's Hill Bracknell Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Cate T. O'Brien
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Bastien Darmau
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - James Jennings
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building Department of Chemistry The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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21
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Oral I, Abetz V. A Highly Selective Polymer Material using Benzo-9-Crown-3 for the Extraction of Lithium in Presence of Other Interfering Alkali Metal Ions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000746. [PMID: 33644940 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The recovery of lithium from global water resources continues to be challenging due to interfering metal ions with similar solution properties. Hence, a lithium-selective diblock copolymer system containing crown ethers (CEs) is developed. A polystyrene-block-poly(methacrylic acid) diblock copolymer is synthesized first via a one-pot solution-emulsion reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. A subsequent Steglich esterification yields the CE functionalized polymer. The complexation properties with different alkali metals are first investigated by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in dichloromethane (DCM) - water systems using free benzo-9-crown (B9C3), benzo-12-crown-4 (B12C4), and benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5) CEs as reference components, followed by the correspondingly CE-functionalized polymers. Extraction complexation constants in the aqueous phase are determined and the impact of the complexation constants on the extractability is estimated. The B9C3 CE is especially appealing since it has the smallest cavity size among all CEs. It is too small to complex sodium or potassium ions; however, it forms sandwich complexes with a lithium-ion resulting in extraordinary complexation constants in polymer systems avoiding other interfering alkali metal ions. On this basis, a new material for the efficient extraction of lithium ion traces in global water resources is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iklima Oral
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, Hamburg, 20146, Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, Hamburg, 20146, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Material and Coastal Research, Institute of Membrane Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany
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22
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Hunter SJ, Lovett JR, Mykhaylyk OO, Jones ER, Armes SP. Synthesis of diblock copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles via RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of hydroxybutyl methacrylate. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of hydroxybutyl methacrylate using a poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) precursor leads to diblock copolymer spheres, worms or vesicles. A pseudo-phase diagram is constructed and the vesicles are briefly evaluated as a Pickering emulsifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J. Hunter
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Joseph R. Lovett
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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23
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Chan DHH, Cockram AA, Gibson RR, Kynaston EL, Lindsay C, Taylor P, Armes SP. RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate: observation of unexpected constraints when employing a non-ionic steric stabilizer block. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using a non-ionic steric stabilizer for the RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate leads to flocculated nanoparticles when targeting DPs > 100; there is no such constraint when employing an anionic stabilizer block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek H. H. Chan
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Amy A. Cockram
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Rebecca R. Gibson
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Emily L. Kynaston
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Christopher Lindsay
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Philip Taylor
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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24
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Hunter SJ, Armes SP. Pickering Emulsifiers Based on Block Copolymer Nanoparticles Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15463-15484. [PMID: 33325720 PMCID: PMC7884006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer nanoparticles prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) represent an emerging class of organic Pickering emulsifiers. Such nanoparticles are readily prepared by chain-extending a soluble homopolymer precursor using a carefully selected second monomer that forms an insoluble block in the chosen solvent. As the second block grows, it undergoes phase separation that drives in situ self-assembly to form sterically stabilized nanoparticles. Conducting such PISA syntheses in aqueous solution leads to hydrophilic nanoparticles that enable the formation of oil-in-water emulsions. Alternatively, hydrophobic nanoparticles can be prepared in non-polar media (e.g., n-alkanes), which enables water-in-oil emulsions to be produced. In this review, the specific advantages of using PISA to prepare such bespoke Pickering emulsifiers are highlighted, which include fine control over particle size, copolymer morphology, and surface wettability. This has enabled various fundamental scientific questions regarding Pickering emulsions to be addressed. Moreover, block copolymer nanoparticles can be used to prepare Pickering emulsions over various length scales, with mean droplet diameters ranging from millimeters to less than 200 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J. Hunter
- Department of Chemistry,
Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry,
Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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25
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Asem H, Zheng W, Nilsson F, Zhang Y, Hedenqvist MS, Hassan M, Malmström E. Functional Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery by Surface Engineering of Polymeric Nanoparticle Post-Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Asem
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Cancer Medicine (ECM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Fritjof Nilsson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Division of Polymeric Materials, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Yuning Zhang
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Mikael S. Hedenqvist
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Division of Polymeric Materials, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Division of Experimental Cancer Medicine (ECM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
- Clinical Research Centrum, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Eva Malmström
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
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26
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Coumes F, Balarezo M, Rieger J, Stoffelbach F. Biobased Amphiphilic Block Copolymers by RAFT‐Mediated PISA in Green Solvent. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000002. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Coumes
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères Paris Cedex 05 75252 France
| | - Mauricio Balarezo
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères Paris Cedex 05 75252 France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères Paris Cedex 05 75252 France
| | - François Stoffelbach
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères Paris Cedex 05 75252 France
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27
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D'Agosto F, Rieger J, Lansalot M. RAFT‐vermittelte polymerisationsinduzierte Selbstorganisation (PISA). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne Frankreich
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS UMR 8232 Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team (ECP) 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris Frankreich
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne Frankreich
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28
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D'Agosto F, Rieger J, Lansalot M. RAFT‐Mediated Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8368-8392. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS UMR 8232 Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Polymer Chemistry Team (ECP) 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
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29
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Rymaruk MJ, O’Brien CT, Brown SL, Williams CN, Armes SP. RAFT Dispersion Polymerization of Benzyl Methacrylate in Silicone Oil Using a Silicone-Based Methacrylic Stabilizer Provides Convenient Access to Spheres, Worms, and Vesicles. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rymaruk
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Cate T. O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven L. Brown
- Scott Bader Company Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Clive N. Williams
- Scott Bader Company Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry, Dainton Building, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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30
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Deane OJ, Musa OM, Fernyhough A, Armes SP. Synthesis and Characterization of Waterborne Pyrrolidone-Functional Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles Prepared via Surfactant-free RAFT Emulsion Polymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J. Deane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Osama M. Musa
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, 1005 US 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Alan Fernyhough
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, Listers Mills, Heaton Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD9 4SH, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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31
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Polymerisable surfactants for polymethacrylates using catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP) combined with sulfur free-RAFT in emulsion polymerisation. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Sarkar J, Jackson AW, van Herk AM, Goto A. Synthesis of nano-capsules via aqueous emulsion RCMP-PISA and encapsulation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00465k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of nano-capsules using aqueous RCMP-PISA and encapsulation of rhodamine-B (Rh-B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Sarkar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Alexander W. Jackson
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research
- Singapore
| | - Alexander M. van Herk
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research
- Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
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33
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Galanopoulo P, Dugas PY, Lansalot M, D'Agosto F. Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(vinyl acetate) block copolymer particles with various morphologies via RAFT/MADIX aqueous emulsion PISA. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00467g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) of amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(vinyl acetate) in water was achieved through macromolecular design via interchange of xanthate (MADIX) polymerization in emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
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34
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Abstract
Mother Nature produces a perfectly defined architecture that inspires researchers to make polymeric macromolecules for an array of functions. The present article describes recent development in the PISA to synthesize polymeric nano-objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivshankar R. Mane
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division
- CSIR – National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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35
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Demarteau J, Fernandez de Añastro A, Shaplov AS, Mecerreyes D. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium) based poly(ionic liquid) di- and triblock copolymers by PISA as matrices for ionogel membranes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01552c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(diallyldimethylammonium)-b-polystyrene AB and ABA block copolymers were synthesized using MADIX under PISA conditions. Ionogels for sodium batteries were prepared using the poly(ionic liquid) triblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Demarteau
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Joxe Mari Korta Center
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian
- Spain
| | | | | | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Joxe Mari Korta Center
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian
- Spain
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36
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Brotherton EE, Hatton FL, Cockram AA, Derry MJ, Czajka A, Cornel EJ, Topham PD, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP. In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Studies During Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13664-13675. [PMID: 31364361 PMCID: PMC6716212 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful platform technology for the rational and efficient synthesis of a wide range of block copolymer nano-objects (e.g., spheres, worms or vesicles) in various media. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization have previously provided detailed structural information during self-assembly (see M. J. Derry et al., Chem. Sci. 2016 , 7 , 5078 - 5090 ). However, conducting the analogous in situ SAXS studies during RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerizations poses a formidable technical challenge because the inherently heterogeneous nature of such PISA formulations requires efficient stirring to generate sufficiently small monomer droplets. In the present study, the RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate (MOEMA) has been explored for the first time. Chain extension of a relatively short non-ionic poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) precursor block leads to the formation of sterically-stabilized PGMA-PMOEMA spheres, worms or vesicles, depending on the precise reaction conditions. Construction of a suitable phase diagram enables each of these three morphologies to be reproducibly targeted at copolymer concentrations ranging from 10 to 30% w/w solids. High MOEMA conversions are achieved within 2 h at 70 °C, which makes this new PISA formulation well-suited for in situ SAXS studies using a new reaction cell. This bespoke cell enables efficient stirring and hence allows in situ monitoring during RAFT emulsion polymerization for the first time. For example, the onset of micellization and subsequent evolution in particle size can be studied when preparing PGMA29-PMOEMA30 spheres at 10% w/w solids. When targeting PGMA29-PMOEMA70 vesicles under the same conditions, both the micellar nucleation event and the subsequent evolution in the diblock copolymer morphology from spheres to worms to vesicles are observed. These new insights significantly enhance our understanding of the PISA mechanism during RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Brotherton
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Amy A. Cockram
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Derry
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Czajka
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Erik J. Cornel
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Topham
- Aston Institute of
Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building,
Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, United Kingdom
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37
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Varlas S, Foster JC, Georgiou PG, Keogh R, Husband JT, Williams DS, O'Reilly RK. Tuning the membrane permeability of polymersome nanoreactors developed by aqueous emulsion polymerization-induced self-assembly. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:12643-12654. [PMID: 31237603 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02507c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric vesicles (or polymersomes) are hollow bilayer structures consisting of an inner aqueous compartment enclosed by a hydrophobic membrane. Vesicular constructs are ubiquitous in nature and perform a variety of functions by compartmentalizing molecules into disparate environments. For polymer chemists, the synthesis of vesicles can be readily accomplished using polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), whereby pure vesicle morphologies can be easily accessed by tuning initial reaction parameters. Research into polymersomes is motivated primarily by the fact that hydrophilic cargo such as drug molecules, DNA, or enzymes can be encapsulated and protected from the often harsh conditions of the surrounding environment. A key factor governing the capability of vesicles to retain and protect their cargo is the permeability of their hydrophobic membrane. Herein, we demonstrate that membrane permeability of enzyme-loaded epoxy-functionalized polymersomes synthesized by aqueous emulsion PISA can be modulated via epoxide ring-opening with various diamine cross-linkers and hydrophobic primary amines. In general, membrane cross-linking or amine conjugation resulted in increased polymersome membrane thickness. Membrane modification was also found to decrease permeability in all cases, as measured by enzymatically-catalysed oxidation of an externally administered substrate. Functionalization with hydrophobic amines resulted in the largest reduction in enzyme activity, suggesting significant blocking of substrate diffusion into the central aqueous compartment. This procedurally facile strategy yields meaningful insight into how the chemical structure of the membrane influences permeability and thus could be generally applied to the formulation of polymeric vesicles for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Varlas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Jeffrey C Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Panagiotis G Georgiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
| | - Robert Keogh
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
| | | | - David S Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK. and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, SA2 8PP, Swansea, UK
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK.
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38
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Brunel F, Lesage de la Haye J, Lansalot M, D’Agosto F. New Insight into Cluster Aggregation Mechanism during Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6609-6617. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b03622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Brunel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jennifer Lesage de la Haye
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck D’Agosto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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39
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The effect in the RAFT polymerization of two oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates when the CTA 4-cyano-4-(propylthiocarbonothioylthio) pentanoic acid is auto-hydrolyzed to its corresponding amide. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Docherty PJ, Derry MJ, Armes SP. RAFT dispersion polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate for the synthesis of epoxy-functional block copolymer nanoparticles in mineral oil. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01584h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy-functional poly(stearyl methacrylate)-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PSMA-PGlyMA) diblock copolymer nanoparticles are synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA) in mineral oil at 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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41
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Effect of N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive blocks on the rheological properties of water-soluble thermoassociative copolymers synthesized via RAFT polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Zhou D, Kuchel RP, Dong S, Lucien FP, Perrier S, Zetterlund PB. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly under Compressed CO2
: Control of Morphology Using a CO2
-Responsive MacroRAFT Agent. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800335. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewen Zhou
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design; School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Siming Dong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design; School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Frank P. Lucien
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design; School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; 381 Royal Parade Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design; School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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43
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Khor SY, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR, Truong NP, Davis TP. Controlling Nanomaterial Size and Shape for Biomedical Applications via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800438. [PMID: 30091816 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Rapid developments in the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) technique have paved the way for the environmentally friendly production of nanoparticles with tunable size and shape for a diverse range of applications. In this feature article, the biomedical applications of PISA nanoparticles and the substantial progress made in controlling their size and shape are highlighted. In addition to early investigations into drug delivery, applications such as medical imaging, tissue culture, and blood cryopreservation are also described. Various parameters for controlling the morphology of PISA nanoparticles are discussed, including the degree of polymerization of the macro-CTA and core-forming polymers, the concentration of macro-CTA and core-forming monomers, the solid content of the final products, the solution pH, the thermoresponsitivity of the macro-CTA, the macro-CTA end group, and the initiator concentration. Finally, several limitations and challenges for the PISA technique that have been recently addressed, along with those that will require further efforts into the future, will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang Khor
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - John F Quinn
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Nghia P Truong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
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44
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Jesson C, Cunningham VJ, Smallridge MJ, Armes SP. Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) via RAFT Emulsion Polymerization of Isopropylideneglycerol Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2018; 51:3221-3232. [PMID: 29805184 PMCID: PMC5959244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High molecular weight water-soluble polymers are widely used as flocculants or thickeners. However, synthesis of such polymers via solution polymerization invariably results in highly viscous fluids, which makes subsequent processing somewhat problematic. Alternatively, such polymers can be prepared as colloidal dispersions; in principle, this is advantageous because the particulate nature of the polymer chains ensures a much lower fluid viscosity. Herein we exemplify the latter approach by reporting the convenient one-pot synthesis of high molecular weight poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) via the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous emulsion polymerization of a water-immiscible protected monomer precursor, isopropylideneglycerol methacrylate (IPGMA) at 70 °C, using a water-soluble poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) chain transfer agent as a steric stabilizer. This formulation produces a low-viscosity aqueous dispersion of PGMA-PIPGMA diblock copolymer nanoparticles at 20% solids. Subsequent acid deprotection of the hydrophobic core-forming PIPGMA block leads to particle dissolution and affords a viscous aqueous solution comprising high molecular weight PGMA homopolymer chains with a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution. Moreover, it is shown that this latex precursor route offers an important advantage compared to the RAFT aqueous solution polymerization of glycerol monomethacrylate since it provides a significantly faster rate of polymerization (and hence higher monomer conversion) under comparable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig
P. Jesson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | | | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
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45
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Zhou J, Yao H, Ma J. Recent advances in RAFT-mediated surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00065d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We summarized the RAFT-mediated surfactant-free emulsion polymerization using various RAFT agents and the polymerization types for the preparation of organic/inorganic hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhou
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology)
| | - Hongtao Yao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology)
| | - Jianzhong Ma
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology)
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46
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Cockram AA, Bradley RD, Lynch SA, Fleming PCD, Williams NSJ, Murray MW, Emmett SN, Armes SP. Optimization of the high-throughput synthesis of multiblock copolymer nanoparticles in aqueous media via polymerization-induced self-assembly. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00066b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput synthesis of multiblock copolymer nanoparticles via PISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A. Cockram
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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47
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Huo M, Xu Z, Zeng M, Chen P, Liu L, Yan LT, Wei Y, Yuan J. Controlling Vesicular Size via Topological Engineering of Amphiphilic Polymer in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huo
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Min Zeng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Tang Yan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, ‡Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, and §Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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48
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Surfactant-Free RAFT Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene Using Thermoresponsive macroRAFT Agents: Towards Smart Well-Defined Block Copolymers with High Molecular Weights. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9120668. [PMID: 30965968 PMCID: PMC6418535 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of reversible addition⁻fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and emulsion polymerization has recently attracted much attention as a synthetic tool for high-molecular-weight block copolymers and their micellar nano-objects. Up to recently, though, the use of thermoresponsive polymers as both macroRAFT agents and latex stabilizers was impossible in aqueous media due to their hydrophobicity at the usually high polymerization temperatures. In this work, we present a straightforward surfactant-free RAFT emulsion polymerization to obtain thermoresponsive styrenic block copolymers with molecular weights of around 100 kDa and their well-defined latexes. The stability of the aqueous latexes is achieved by adding 20 vol % of the cosolvent 1,4-dioxane (DOX), increasing the phase transition temperature (PTT) of the used thermoresponsive poly(N-acryloylpyrrolidine) (PAPy) macroRAFT agents above the polymerization temperature. Furthermore, this cosolvent approach is combined with the use of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-block-poly(N-acryloylpiperidine-co-N-acryloylpyrrolidine) (PDMA-b-P(APi-co-APy)) as the macroRAFT agent owning a short stabilizing PDMA end block and a widely adjustable PTT of the P(APi-co-APy) block in between 4 and 47 °C. The temperature-induced collapse of the latter under emulsion polymerization conditions leads to the formation of RAFT nanoreactors, which allows for a very fast chain growth of the polystyrene (PS) block. In dynamic light scattering (DLS), as well as cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM), moreover, all created latexes indeed reveal a high (temperature) stability and a reversible collapse of the thermoresponsive coronal block upon heating. Hence, this paper pioneers a versatile way towards amphiphilic thermoresponsive high-molecular-weight block copolymers and their nano-objects with tailored corona switchability.
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49
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Lesage de la Haye J, Martin-Fabiani I, Schulz M, Keddie JL, D’Agosto F, Lansalot M. Hydrophilic MacroRAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization: Synthesis of Latexes for Cross-Linked and Surfactant-Free Films. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lesage de la Haye
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre
1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ignacio Martin-Fabiani
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Malin Schulz
- Department
of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph L. Keddie
- Department
of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Franck D’Agosto
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre
1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre
1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
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50
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Ratcliffe LPD, Bentley KJ, Wehr R, Warren NJ, Saunders BR, Armes SP. Cationic disulfide-functionalized worm gels. Polym Chem 2017; 8:5962-5971. [PMID: 29308095 PMCID: PMC5735358 DOI: 10.1039/c7py01306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The recent development of polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has facilitated the rational synthesis of a range of diblock copolymer worms, which hitherto could only be prepared via traditional post-polymerization processing in dilute solution. Herein we explore a new synthetic route to aqueous dispersions of cationic disulfide-functionalized worm gels. This is achieved via the PISA synthesis of poly[(glycerol monomethacrylate-stat-glycidyl methacrylate)]-block-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (P(GMA-stat-GlyMA)-PHPMA) block copolymer worms via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of HPMA. A water-soluble reagent, cystamine, is then reacted with the pendent epoxy groups located within the P(GMA-stat-GlyMA) stabilizer chains to introduce disulfide functionality, while simultaneously conferring cationic character via formation of secondary amine groups. Moreover, systematic variation of the cystamine/epoxy molar ratio enables either chemically cross-linked worm gels or physical (linear) primary amine-functionalized disulfide-based worm gels to be obtained. These new worm gels were characterized using gel permeation chromatography, 1H NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, aqueous electrophoresis and rheology. In principle, such hydrogels may offer enhanced mucoadhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P D Ratcliffe
- Dainton Building , Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK . ;
| | - K J Bentley
- Dainton Building , Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK . ;
| | - R Wehr
- Dainton Building , Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK . ;
| | - N J Warren
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering , University of Leeds , Leeds , LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - B R Saunders
- School of Materials , The University of Manchester , MSS Tower , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - S P Armes
- Dainton Building , Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , South Yorkshire S3 7HF , UK . ;
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