1
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Sun Y, Sun G. A natural butter glyceride as a plasticizer for improving thermal, mechanical, and biodegradable properties of poly(lactide acid). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130366. [PMID: 38401589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biobased and biodegradable thermoplastic polyester with great potential to replace petroleum-based plastics. However, its poor toughness and slow biodegradation rate affect broad applications of PLA in many areas. In this study, a glycerol triester existing in natural butter, glycerol tributyrate, was creatively explored and compared with previously investigated triacetin and tributyl citrate, as potential plasticizers of PLA for achieving improved mechanical and biodegradation performances. The compatibilities of these agents with PLA were assessed quantitively via the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) and measured by using different testing methods. The incorporation of these compounds with varied contents ranging from 1 to 30 % in PLA altered thermal, mechanical, and biodegradation properties consistently, and the relationship and impacts of chemical structures and properties of these agents were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that glycerol tributyrate is a novel excellent plasticizer for PLA and the addition of this triester not only effectively reduced the glass transition, cold crystallization, and melting temperatures and Young's modulus, but also led to a significant improvement in the enzymatic degradation rate of the plasticized PLA. This study paves a way for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly food grade plasticized PLA products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufa Sun
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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2
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He X, Zhang F, Li C, Ding W, Jin Y, Tang L, Huang R. Effect of Starch Plasticization on Morphological, Mechanical, Crystalline, Thermal, and Optical Behavior of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Thermoplastic Starch Composite Films. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:326. [PMID: 38337215 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Starches plasticized with glycerol/citric acid/stearic acid and tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC), respectively, were processed with poly (butylene adipate-Co-terephthalate (PBAT) via extrusion and a film-blown process. All the composite films were determined for morphology, mechanical, thermal stability, crystalline, and optical properties. Results show that the most improved morphology was in the 30% glycerol plasticized PBAT/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite films, characterized by the smallest and narrowest distribution of TPS particle sizes and a more uniform dispersion of TPS particles. However, the water absorption of PBAT/TPS composite films plasticized with glycerol surpassed that observed with ATBC as a plasticizer. Mechanical properties indicated insufficient plasticization of the starch crystal structure when using 10% ATBC, 20% ATBC, and 20% glycerol as plasticizers, leading to poor compatibility between PBAT and TPS. This resulted in stress concentration points under external forces, adversely affecting the mechanical properties of the composites. All PBAT/TPS composite films exhibited a negative impact on the initial thermal decomposition temperature compared to PBAT. Additionally, the haze value of PBAT/TPS composite films exceeded 96%, while pure PBAT had a haze value of 47.42%. Films plasticized with 10% ATBC, 20% ATBC, and 20% glycerol displayed lower transmittance values in the visible light region. The increased transmittance of films plasticized with 30% glycerol further demonstrated their superior plasticizing effect compared to other PBAT/TPS composite films. This study provides a simple and feasible method for preparing low-cost PBAT composites, and their extensions are expected to further replace general-purpose plastics in daily applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Fuhong Zhang
- Sanmen Megatron Tech. Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Weiwei Ding
- Sanmen Megatron Tech. Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lisheng Tang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ran Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Academy for Engineering and Applied Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Suparanon T, Phusunti N, Phetwarotai W. Properties and flame retardancy of polylactide composites incorporating tricresyl phosphate and modified microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127580. [PMID: 37866581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
One of the major environmental issues that have an impact on humans, animals, and their surroundings is plastic garbage. The use of biodegradable polymers in place of traditional plastics is one of the best solutions to this significant issue. The bio-circular-green (BCG) economic model is supported by the use of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as a bio-filler for polylactide (PLA) composites, which may also help to address the issue of improper plastic waste management. This study explores the chemical modification of MCC derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste (OPMC). Maleic anhydride-modified OPMC (MAMC) is successfully synthesized by a solvent-free and low temperature heating procedure. MAMC and tricresyl phosphate (TCP) were used as additives in PLA composites which were processed by melt extrusion and compression molding. Characterization studies confirmed the successful modification of MAMC and indicated that TCP played a crucial role as an effective plasticizer and flame retardant for PLA. All PLA/TCP composites showed significantly improved toughness and delayed ignition. The appropriate TCP level was 10 phr. The incorporation of TCP and MAMC resulted in a synergistic enhancement of impact strength and maintained excellent flame inhibition. Moreover, the thermal stability of the PLA composites increased with increments of MAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunsuda Suparanon
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Energy and Materials for Sustainability (EMS) Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Neeranuch Phusunti
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Energy and Materials for Sustainability (EMS) Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Worasak Phetwarotai
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Energy and Materials for Sustainability (EMS) Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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4
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Zabidi N'A, Zainal NN, Tawakkal ISMA, Mohd Basri MS, Ariffin SH, Naim MN. Effect of thymol on properties of bionanocomposites from poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate)/nanofibrillated cellulose for food packaging application. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126212. [PMID: 37567533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study developed the formulation of active bionanocomposites films endowed with the abilities of high biodegradability and antimicrobials for active packaging applications. The aim of this work was to prepare poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate) (PLA/PBS) blended films reinforced with different concentrations of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and 9 % of thymol essential oil (EO) using the casting method. The active films were further evaluated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); as well as mechanical, physical, water vapour permeability (WVP), thermal analysis (TGA), biodegradation, morphological, and antimicrobial (% reduction of bacteria) testing. The tensile strength (TS) of PLA/PBS blend films increased by 12 % with the incorporation of 2 wt% of NFC. The PLA/PBS/NFC with 9 % thymol EO has a good water barrier performance with its tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus was 13.2 MPa, 13.1 %, and 513 MPa respectively. The presence of NFC promoted the disintegration of PLA/PBS films by 70.5 %. These films promoted the antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The study demonstrates that the developed films improved the qualities of chicken fillets and have great potential to be used as active bionanocomposites in food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul 'Afifah Zabidi
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najiha Zainal
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hajar Ariffin
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nazli Naim
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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He X, Tang L, Zheng J, Jin Y, Chang R, Yu X, Song Y, Huang R. A Novel UV Barrier Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene succinate) Composite Biodegradable Film Enhanced by Cellulose Extracted from Coconut Shell. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3000. [PMID: 37514390 PMCID: PMC10385391 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose was extracted from coconut shell powder (CSP) as a renewable biomass resource and utilized as a reinforcing material in poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) (PLA/PBS) solvent casting films. The extraction process involved delignification and mercerization of CSP. Microscopic investigation of the extracted microfibers demonstrated a reduction in diameter and a rougher surface characteristic compared to the raw CSP. The cellulose prepared in this study exhibited improved thermal stability and higher crystallinity (54.3%) compared to CSP. The morphology of the cycrofractured surface, thermal analysis, mechanical property, and UV transmittance of films were measured and compared. Agglomeration of 3 wt.% of cellulose was observed in PLA/PBS films. The presence of cellulose higher than 1 wt.% in the PLA/PBS decreased the onset decomposition temperature and maximum decomposition temperature of films. However, the films loading 3 wt.% of cellulose had a higher char formation (5.47%) compared to neat PLA/PBS films. The presence of cellulose promoted the formation of non-uniform crystals, while cellulose had a slightly negative impact on crystallinity due to the disruption of polymer chains at lower cellulose content (0.3, 0.5 wt.%). The mechanical strength of PLA/PBS films decreased as the cellulose content increased. Moreover, PLA/PBS film with 3 wt.% of cellulose appeared to show a 3% and 7.5% decrease in transmittance in UVC (275 nm) and UVA (335 nm) regions compared to neat PLA/PBS films while maintaining a certain transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lisheng Tang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ruobin Chang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xiaoquan Yu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yihu Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ran Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
- Academy for Engineering and Applied Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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6
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Cai Y, Liu S, Fang C, Liu Z, He Y, Qu JP. Strengthening-toughening pure poly(lactic acid) with ultra-transparency through increasing mesophase promoted by elongational flow field. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125091. [PMID: 37247709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), as a biodegradable material, finds wide applications in packaging, automotive, and biological industries. However, achieving high strength, toughness, ultra-transparency, and heat resistance simultaneously in pure PLA through continuous one-step manufacturing remains a significant challenge. In this study, we addressed this challenge by utilizing the eccentric rotor extruder (ERE) in combination with cooling rolls to manufacture PLA sheets with outstanding mechanical performance. The ERE's elongational flow field combined with the cooling roller's weak stretching action induced orientation in the PLA molecular chains and promoted the formation of more mesophase, significantly improving mechanical properties. When the extrusion-stretch ratio (λ) value was 3.5, the tensile yield strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break of ERE-fabricated samples ER-3.5 reached 86.2 MPa, 1777 MPa, and 57.9 %, respectively. Compared to the SE-3.5 samples manufactured with traditional methods, the increases were 38.8 %, 25.8 %, and 9.4 times, respectively. Additionally, the ERE manufactured samples maintained ultra-transparency and high heat resistance, making them suitable for food packaging, biomedicine, and other related fields. This methodology provides an efficient industrial-scale approach for manufacturing neat, biodegradable PLA with outstanding mechanical performance and ultra-transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Cong Fang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yue He
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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7
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Zhao X, Yu J, Liang X, Huang Z, Li J, Peng S. Crystallization behaviors regulations and mechanical performances enhancement approaches of polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable materials modified by organic nucleating agents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123581. [PMID: 36758767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) has attracted much attention because of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties. However, the slow crystallization rate of PLA during molding leads to its poor heat resistance, which limit its diffusion for many industrial applications. In this review, the relationship between PLA crystallization and its molecular structure and processing conditions is summarized. From the perspective of the regulation of PLA crystallization by organic nucleating agents, the research progress of organic micromolecule (e.g., esters, amides, and hydrazides), organic salt, supramolecular, and macromolecule nucleating agents on the crystallization behavior of PLA is mainly introduced. The nucleation mechanism of PLA is expounded by organic nucleating agents, and the effect of the interaction force between organic nucleating agents and PLA molecular chains on the crystallization behavior of PLA is analyzed. The effects of the crystallization behavior of PLA on its mechanical properties and heat resistance are discussed. It will provide a theoretical reference for the development and application of high-efficiency nucleating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipo Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China.
| | - Jiajie Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zepeng Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shaoxian Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
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8
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Xie J, Sun H, Yang Y, Liang J, Li Y, Hou D, Lin X, Zhang J, Shi Z, Liu C. Preparation of High-Toughness Lignin Phenolic Resin Biomaterials Based via Polybutylene Succinate Molecular Intercalation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076418. [PMID: 37047390 PMCID: PMC10094893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin has many potential applications and is a biopolymer with a three-dimensional network structure. It is composed of three phenylpropane units, p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl, connected by ether bonds and carbon-carbon bonds, and it contains a large number of phenol or aldehyde structural units, resulting in complex lignin structures. This limits the application of lignin. To expand the application range of lignin, we prepared lignin thermoplastic phenolic resins (LPRs) by using lignin instead of phenol; these LPRs had molecular weights of up to 1917 g/mol, a molecular weight distribution of 1.451, and an O/P value of up to 2.73. Due to the complex structure of the lignin, the synthetic lignin thermoplastic phenolic resins were not very tough, which greatly affected the performance of the material. If the lignin phenolic resins were toughened, their application range would be substantially expanded. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) has excellent processability and excellent mechanical properties. The toughening effects of different PBS contents in the LPRs were investigated. PBS was found to be compatible with the LPRs, and the flexible chain segments of the small PBS molecules were embedded in the molecular chain segments of the LPRs, thus reducing the crystallinities of the LPRs. The good compatibility between the two materials promoted hydrogen bond formation between the PBS and LPRs. Rheological data showed good interfacial bonding between the materials, and the modulus of the high-melting PBS made the LPRs more damage resistant. When PBS was added at 30%, the tensile strength of the LPRs was increased by 2.8 times to 1.65 MPa, and the elongation at break increased by 31 times to 93%. This work demonstrates the potential of lignin thermoplastic phenolic resins for industrial applications and provides novel concepts for toughening biobased aromatic resins with PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hao Sun
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yuchun Yang
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Junxiong Liang
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yun Li
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Defa Hou
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xu Lin
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Zhengjun Shi
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Can Liu
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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9
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Prasitnok O, Prasitnok K. Molecular dynamics simulations of copolymer compatibilizers for polylactide/poly(butylene succinate) blends. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5619-5626. [PMID: 36727612 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the molecular architecture of polylactide (PLA)-poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) copolymers on their compatibilization efficiency in immiscible PLA/PBS blends were studied using atomistic molecular-dynamics simulations. The results showed that the diblock copolymer is the most efficient at mixing with PLA and PBS homopolymers and reducing the interfacial tension of the blend. Tensile properties of the compatibilized blends were examined using uniaxial deformation simulations. Deformation behaviours of the blends at the molecular level were revealed. Both the structure (i.e. linear and branch) and the monomer sequence of the copolymers were found to affect the tensile performance. The system with a diblock copolymer showed a much greater tensile strength and elastic modulus than the other compatibilized blends. Comparing between triblock and graft copolymers, the former yielded the blends with better tensile performance than the latter. Our results suggest that copolymers with a linear structure, especially the diblock one, could be good candidates for the compatibilizer of PLA/PBS blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orrasa Prasitnok
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.
| | - Khongvit Prasitnok
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.
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10
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Superior Toughened Biodegradable Poly(L-lactic acid)-based Blends with Enhanced Melt Strength and Excellent Low-temperature Toughness via In situ Reaction Compatibilization. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Andraju N, Curtzwiler GW, Ji Y, Kozliak E, Ranganathan P. Machine-Learning-Based Predictions of Polymer and Postconsumer Recycled Polymer Properties: A Comprehensive Review. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42771-42790. [PMID: 36102317 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There has been a tremendous increase in demand for virgin and postconsumer recycled (PCR) polymers due to their wide range of chemical and physical characteristics. Despite the numerous potential benefits of using a data-driven approach to polymer design, major hurdles exist in the development of polymer informatics due to the complicated hierarchical polymer structures. In this review, a brief introduction on virgin polymer structure, PCR polymers, compatibilization of polymers to be recycled, and their characterization using sensor array technologies as well as factors affecting the polymer properties are provided. Machine-learning (ML) algorithms are gaining attention as cost-effective scalable solutions to exploit the physical and chemical structures of polymers. The basic steps for applying ML in polymer science such as fingerprinting, algorithms, open-source databases, representations, and polymer design are detailed in this review. Further, a state-of-the-art review of the prediction of various polymer material properties using ML is reviewed. Finally, we discuss open-ended research questions on ML application to PCR polymers as well as potential challenges in the prediction of their properties using artificial intelligence for more efficient and targeted PCR polymer discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagababu Andraju
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Greg W Curtzwiler
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Evguenii Kozliak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Prakash Ranganathan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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12
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Miao W, Cheng W, Xu S, Wang R, Yao J, Song W, Lin H, Shang M, Zhou X. Toughened poly(butylene succinate)/polylactide/poly(vinyl acetate) ternary blend without sacrificing the strength. INT POLYM PROC 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ipp-2022-4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this paper, poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/polylactide (PLA)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) ternary blends were prepared via directly blending. The content of PBS in each sample was fixed at 30 wt% and that of PVAc was different, 2, 4 or 6%. PBS/PLA (30/70, g/g) and PLA/PVAc (66/4, g/g) were also prepared for comparison. XRD and DSC results showed that PVAc was miscible with PLA, and the crystallinity (X
c
) of PLA in PBS/PLA increased by adding PBS, but X
c
of PBS and PLA in PBS/PLA/PVAc ternary blends reduced by adding PVAc. SEM images showed that PBS was dispersed as droplets in each blend The addition of PVAc improved the compatibility between PBS and PLA, and the fracture surfaces of the ternary blends became rougher than that of PBS/PLA. The tensile and impact tests results showed that PVAc could enhance PLA and the highly toughened PBS/PLA blend. Finally, PBS/PLA/PVAc blend with 2% of PVAc was highly toughened without sacrificing its strength. Its strength was the same as that of PBS/PLA, while the elongation at break and impact strength of the former were 2.8 and 2.5 times those of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Wenxi Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Shanhong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Renjie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Jiaheng Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Haowei Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Mengya Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , P.R. China
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13
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Zhang M, Jiang C, Wu Q, Zhang G, Liang F, Yang Z. Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene succinate) (PLA/PBS) Layered Composite Gas Barrier Membranes by Anisotropic Janus Nanosheets Compartibilizers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:657-662. [PMID: 35570811 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the most promising biodegradable polymer products, has achieved wide applications for its relatively good mechanical properties and moderate degradability. Here we report an environment-friendly filler, the organic-inorganic composite Janus nanosheets (PLA/PBS JNs), which can jam at the interface of the PLA/PBS blend with a low threshold as the compatibilizer and can simultaneously toughen the composites and improve the gas barrier performance due to better interfacial interaction and tortuous path effect. With 0.3 wt % of PLA/PBS JNs added, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the PLA/PBS blend can be improved by 37% and 224%, respectively. After a further hot-pressing process, the barrier performance of the PLA/PBS composite membranes can be significantly enhanced since PLA, PLA/PBS JNs, and PBS are arranged in a nearly lamellar structure with oxygen permeability of 0.63 × 10-15 cm3 cm·cm-2 s-1 Pa-1 with only 0.5 wt % of PLA/PBS JNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Fuxin Liang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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14
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Jariyasakoolroj P, Chirachanchai S. In Situ Chemical Modification of Thermoplastic Starch with Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(butylene succinate) for an Effectively Miscible Ternary Blend. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040825. [PMID: 35215738 PMCID: PMC8880544 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is in situ ring-opening polymerized with L-lactide (L-LA) and directly condensed with a poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) prepolymer in an extruder using two different production pathways to demonstrate the concept “like dissolves like” in a miscible poly(lactide)/TPS/PBS (PLA/TPS/PBS) ternary blend. The TPS crystalline pattern changes from a VH-type to an EH-type after TPS modification with a hydrophobic-PLLA segment. Heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation confirmed the successful formation of PLLA-TPS-PBS copolymers via two different in situ chemical modification pathways (i.e., (I) step-by-step modification and (II) one-pot reaction). All obtained PLLA-TPS-PBS copolymers functioned as the miscible phase, enhancing PLA/PLLA-TPS-PBS/PBS ternary blend miscibility, especially the random structural PLLA-TPS-PBS-II copolymers created in an in situ one-pot reaction. However, the PLLA-TPS-PBS-I copolymers can enhance PBS crystallization only. While the random PLLA-TPS-PBS-II copolymers exhibit a homogeneous multi-phase dispersion and crystallization acceleration in both the PLA and PBS chains. Moreover, the storage modulus level of the PLA/PLLA-TPS-PBS-II/PBS ternary blend remains high with a downward temperature shift in the glass transition region, indicating a stronger and more flexible system. The practical achievement of in situ modified TPS and, consequently, a miscible PLA/PLLA-TPS-PBS/PBS ternary blend with favorable physical properties, reveal its potential application in both compostable and food contact packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyawanee Jariyasakoolroj
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Suwabun Chirachanchai
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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15
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Recent advances in compatibility and toughness of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) blends. E-POLYMERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2021-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) has good impact strength and high elongation at break. It is used to toughen biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) materials because it can considerably improve the toughness of PLA without changing the biodegradability of the materials. Therefore, this approach has become a hotspot in the field of biodegradable materials. A review of the physical and chemical modification methods that are applied to improve the performance of PLA/PBS blends based on recent studies is presented in this article. The improvement effect of PLA/PBS blends and the addition of some common fillers on the physical properties and crystallization properties of blends in the physical modification method are summarized briefly. The compatibilizing effects of nanofillers and compatibilizing agents necessary to improve the compatibility and toughness of PLA/PBS blends are described in detail. The chemical modification method involving the addition of reactive polymers and low-molecular-weight compounds to form cross-linked/branched structures at the phase interface during in situ reactions was introduced clearly. The addition of reactive compatibilizing components is an effective strategy to improve the compatibility between PLA and PBS components and further improve the mechanical properties and processing properties of the materials. It has high research value and wide application prospects in the modification of PLA. In addition, the degradation performance of PLA/PBS blends and the methods to improve the degradation performance were briefly summarized, and the development direction of PLA/PBS blends biodegradation performance research was prospected.
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16
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Kajornprai T, Suttiruengwong S, Sirisinha K. Manipulating Crystallization for Simultaneous Improvement of Impact Strength and Heat Resistance of Plasticized Poly(l-lactic acid) and Poly(butylene succinate) Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3066. [PMID: 34577967 PMCID: PMC8467506 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystalline morphology and phase structure play a decisive role in determining the properties of polymer blends. In this research, biodegradable blends of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) have been prepared by melt-extrusion and molded into specimens with rapid cooling. The crystalline morphology (e.g., crystallinity, crystal type and perfection) is manipulated by annealing the molded products from solid-state within a short time. This work emphasizes on the effects of annealing conditions on crystallization and properties of the blends, especially impact toughness and thermal stability. Phase-separation morphology with PBS dispersed particles smaller than 1 μm is created in the blends. The blend properties are successfully dictated by controlling the crystalline morphology. Increasing crystallinity alone does not ensure the enhancement of impact toughness. A great improvement of impact strength and heat resistance is achieved when the PLLA/PBS (80/20) blends are plasticized with 5% medium molecular-weight poly(ethylene glycol), and simultaneously heat-treated at a temperature close to the cold-crystallization of PLLA. The plasticized blend annealed at 92 °C for only 10 min exhibits ten-fold impact strength over the starting PLLA and slightly higher heat distortion temperature. The microscopic study demonstrates the fracture mechanism changes from crazing to shear yielding in this annealed sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todsapol Kajornprai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Supakij Suttiruengwong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Sanamchandra Palace Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
| | - Kalyanee Sirisinha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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17
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Reactive TiO2 Nanoparticles Compatibilized PLLA/PBSU Blends: Fully Biodegradable Polymer Composites with Improved Physical, Antibacterial and Degradable Properties. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Sun J, Jin Y, Wang B, Tian H, Kang K, Men S, Weng Y. High‐toughening modification of polylactic acid by long‐chain hyperbranched polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yujuan Jin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Huafeng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Kaier Kang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Shuang Men
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
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19
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Jia S, Chen Y, Bian J, Pan H, Wang X, Zhao L, Han L, Zhang H, Dong L, Zhang H. Preparation and properties of poly(L-lactic acid) blends with excellent low-temperature toughness by blending acrylic ester based impact resistance agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1871-1880. [PMID: 34087292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) blends with excellent low-temperature toughness and strength were prepared by melt compounding with acrylic ester based impact resistance agent (AEIR). The morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties and biodegradability of the blends were investigated. Morphology observations revealed the blend was immiscible but had good compatibility with the dispersed phase size of about 200-300 nm. With the addition of AEIR, dramatic improvement in toughness of PLLA was achieved in a wide temperature range, especially at low temperatures the tensile strength was effectively remained. For the blend with 20 wt% AEIR, the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength were 51.6 MPa, 72% and 77.1 KJ/m2 at -20 °C, respectively, much greater than that reported. The calculated Tg of AEIR was lower than the test temperatures, and the brittle-tough transition occurred. The PLLA matrix demonstrated obvious shear yielding which induced energy dissipation and therefore lead to excellent toughness of the blends. Moreover, the biodegradation of PLLA was enhanced after blends preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yunjing Chen
- Sinopec-SK (Wuhan) Petrochemical Company Limited, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Junjia Bian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lijing Han
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Huiliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Lisong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Huixuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
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20
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Puekpoonpoal N, Phattarateera S, Kerddonfag N, Aht-Ong D. Morphology development of PLAs with different stereo-regularities in ternary blend PBSA/PBS/PLA films. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1930043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Narumon Puekpoonpoal
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supanut Phattarateera
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Noppadon Kerddonfag
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Duangdao Aht-Ong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand
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21
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Compatibility and hydrolytic behaviors of polylactide isomer/poly(butylene succinate) mixtures by the Langmuir technique. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) Compatibilized Binary Biobased Blends: Melt Fluidity, Morphological, Thermo-Mechanical and Micromechanical Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020218. [PMID: 33435479 PMCID: PMC7827856 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work poly(lactic) acid (PLA)/poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) biobased binary blends were investigated. PLA/PBSA mixtures with different compositions of PBSA (from 15 up to 40 wt.%) were produced by twin screw-extrusion. A first screening study was performed on these blends that were characterized from the melt fluidity, morphological and thermo-mechanical point of view. Starting from the obtained results, the effect of an epoxy oligomer (EO) (added at 2 wt.%) was further investigated. In this case a novel approach was introduced studying the micromechanical deformation processes by dilatometric uniaxial tensile tests, carried out with a videoextensometer. The characterization was then completed adopting the elasto-plastic fracture approach, by the measurement of the capability of the selected blends to absorb energy at a slow rate. The obtained results showed that EO acts as a good compatibilizer, improving the compatibility of the rubber phase into the PLA matrix. Dilatometric results showed different micromechanical responses for the 80–20 and 60–40 blends (probably linked to the different morphology). The 80–20 showed a cavitational behavior while the 60–40 a deviatoric one. It has been observed that while the addition of EO does not alter the micromechanical response of the 60–40 blend, it profoundly changes the response of the 80–20, that passed to a deviatoric behavior with the EO addition.
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23
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Kim SJ, Kwak HW, Kwon S, Jang H, Park SI. Characterization of PLA/PBSeT Blends Prepared with Various Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Contents. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14010197. [PMID: 33401629 PMCID: PMC7795754 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is the most widely available commercial bioplastic that is used in various medical and packaging applications and three-dimensional filaments. However, because neat PLA is brittle, it conventionally has been blended with ductile polymers and plasticizers. In this study, PLA was blended with the high-ductility biopolymer poly (butylene-sebacate–co–terephthalate) (PBSeT), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) was applied as a crosslinking compatibilizer to increase the miscibility between the two polymers. PLA (80%) and PBSeT (20%) were combined with various HDI contents in the range 0.1–1.0 parts-per-hundred rubber (phr) to prepare blends, and the resulting physical, thermal, and hydrolysis properties were analyzed. Fourier-transform infrared analysis confirmed that –NH–C=OO− bonds had formed between the HDI and the other polymers and that the chemical bonding had influenced the thermal behavior. All the HDI-treated specimens showed tensile strengths and elongations higher than those of the control. In particular, the 0.3-phr-HDI specimen showed the highest elongation (exceeding 150%) and tensile strength. In addition, all the specimens were hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and all the HDI-treated specimens degraded faster than the neat PLA one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jong Kim
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea; (S.J.K.); (S.K.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyo Won Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea; (S.J.K.); (S.K.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyunho Jang
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea; (S.J.K.); (S.K.); (H.J.)
| | - Su-il Park
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea; (S.J.K.); (S.K.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-760-2370
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24
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Zhou J, Zhu Q, Pan W, Xiang H, Hu Z, Zhu M. Thermal Stability of Bio-Based Aliphatic-Semiaromatic Copolyester for Melt-Spun Fibers with Excellent Mechanical Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000498. [PMID: 33336853 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Flexible aliphatic poly(lactic acid) is introduced into polyethylene terephthalate through copolymerization to prepare biodegradable copolyester, which aims to solve the non-degradability of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and realize the greening of raw materials. In this work, poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-lactic acid) random copolyesters (PETLAs) of lactic acid composition from 10 to 50% is synthesized via one-pot method. The chemical structure and composition, thermal property, and crystallization property of prepared PETLAs resin are characterized. The results shows that the introduction of LA segment forms random copolyester, and the flexible LA segment results in slight decrease in the glass transition temperatures (Tg ), melting point (Tm ), and crystallinity (Xc ) of the copolyesters. The thermal stability of PETLAs is better, and the initial decomposition temperature of PETLA-10 can reach 394 °C. The PETLAs resin exhibits good processability, and PETLAs fibers are prepared by melt spinning. The strength of PETLA-10 fiber can reach 260 MPa after drawing treatment, and the elongation at break can reach 130%. Taking advantage of their features, PETLAs as an innovative bio-based polymer are expected to achieve ecofriendly applications in the fields of fiber, plastic, and film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Weinan Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zexu Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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25
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Malz F, Arndt JH, Balko J, Barton B, Büsse T, Imhof D, Pfaendner R, Rode K, Brüll R. Analysis of the molecular heterogeneity of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) blends by hyphenating size exclusion chromatography with nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1638:461819. [PMID: 33465585 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The compositional and stereochemical heterogeneity of copolymers are key molecular metrics, and their knowledge is of pivotal importance for evidence based material development. Yet, while it is state of the art to determine these parameters for many petroleum based polymers, little insight exists in that regard for bio-based materials. Towards this end, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was hyphenated with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) in an offline manner and a blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) investigated. Thus, the microstructural heterogeneity could be shown with regard to tacticity of the PLA and regioregularity of the PBSA component. The results show, that the highest molar mass fraction differs in stereochemical composition from the others. It may be assumed that this is the result of misinsertions with regard to stereochemistry occurring during the catalytic polymerization of the lactide. While the content of both constituent polymers along the molar mass axis could be well studied using a univariate analysis of the infrared (IR) spectra, this method failed to profile the adipate and succinate content individually. For this purpose, SEC was coupled to IR spectroscopy in online mode and the spectra were evaluated by a multivariate protocol. Thus, the content of each monomer along the molar mass distribution could be mapped with high chromatographic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Malz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Arndt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jens Balko
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Division Biopolymers, Schipkauer Str. 1, BASF A754, 01987 Schwarzheide, Germany
| | - Bastian Barton
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Büsse
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Division Biopolymers, Schipkauer Str. 1, BASF A754, 01987 Schwarzheide, Germany
| | - Dennis Imhof
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pfaendner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Karsten Rode
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Brüll
- Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Di Lorenzo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
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27
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Wu D, Huang A, Fan J, Xu R, Liu P, Li G, Yang S. Effect of blending procedures and reactive compatibilizers on the properties of biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(lactic acid) blends. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effect of Joncryl ADR®-4368 (abbreviated ADR) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend was investigated. Two different blending procedures were adopted: (1) one-step blending of all components for 8 min; (2) premixing of PBAT and ADR (or DCP) for 4 min followed by addition of PLA blending for 4 min. ADR and DCP were effective compatibilizers for the PBAT/PLA blend by one-step blending which were confirmed by improving the phase interface between PBAT and PLA, decreasing the dispersed phase size, increasing the elasticity, viscosity and tensile strength. Moreover, the addition of ADR into PBAT/PLA blend by two-step blending was more efficient than the one-step blending based on refined morphology and further increased tensile properties. The two-step blending was beneficial to produce a larger amount of PBAT-graft-PLA (PBAT-g-PLA) copolymers at the phase interface. However, DCP was added to the PBAT/PLA blend by the two-step blending which showed lower properties than one-step blending. DCP triggered free branching reactions in a fast way. Based on the character of compatibilizers, choosing properly blending procedures can enlarge the tensile properties. These results would be interesting for industrial polymer materials, and may be importance to the wider practical application of PBAT/PLA blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wu
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Anping Huang
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
| | - Jie Fan
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
| | - Renwei Xu
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Guangquan Li
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
| | - Shiyuan Yang
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute , PetroChina , Lanzhou 730060 , China
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28
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Salehiyan R, Nofar M, Malkappa K, Ray SS. Effect of nanofillers characteristics and their selective localization on morphology development and rheological properties of melt‐processed polylactide/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) blend composites. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Salehiyan
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Mohammadreza Nofar
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University Maslak Turkey
| | - Kuruma Malkappa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
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29
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Shi K, Ma Q, Su T, Wang Z. Preparation of porous materials by selective enzymatic degradation: effect of in vitro degradation and in vivo compatibility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7031. [PMID: 32341461 PMCID: PMC7184588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were melt-blended and formed into a film by hot press forming. The film was selectively degraded by cutinase and proteinase K to form a porous material. The porous materials were characterized with respect to their pore morphology, pore size, porosity and hydrophilicity. The porous materials were investigated in vitro degradation and in vivo compatibility. The results show that the pore size of the prepared porous materials could be controlled by the proportion of PBS and the degradation time. When the PBS composition of PBS/PLA blends was changed from 40 wt% to 50 wt%, the mean pore diameter of the porous materials significantly increased from 6.91 µm to 120 µm, the porosity improved from 81.52% to 96.90%, and the contact angle decreased from 81.08° to 46.56°. In vitro degradation suggests that the PBS-based porous materials have a good corrosion resistance but the PLA-based porous materials have degradability in simulated body fluid. Subcutaneous implantation of the porous materials did not cause intense inflammatory response, which revealed good compatibility. The results of hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining assays demonstrated that the porous materials promote chondrocyte production. Porous materials have great potential in preparing implants for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Qinqin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Tingting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, China.
| | - Zhanyong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, China. .,Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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30
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Xue B, He H, Huang Z, Zhu Z, Li J, Zhan Z, Chen M, Wang G, Xiong C. Morphology evolution of poly(lactic acid) during in situ reaction with poly(butylenesuccinate) and ethylene‐methyl acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate: The formation of a novel 3D star‐like structure. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - He‐Zhi He
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhao‐Xia Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Jiqian Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiming Zhan
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Ming Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Guozhen Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Chengtian Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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31
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Yang W, Weng Y, Puglia D, Qi G, Dong W, Kenny JM, Ma P. Poly(lactic acid)/lignin films with enhanced toughness and anti-oxidation performance for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Wang Y, Ying Z, Xie W, Wu D. Cellulose nanofibers reinforced biodegradable polyester blends: Ternary biocomposites with balanced mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115845. [PMID: 32059897 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Blending two biodegradable aliphatic polyesters with complementary bulk properties is an easy way of tuning their final properties. In this work, the ductile poly(butylene succinate) was mixed with polylactide, and as expectable, the blends show improved toughness with sharply reduced strengths. The pristine cellulose nanofibers were then used as the reinforcement for the blends. It is found that most nanofibers are dispersed in the polylactide phase because polylactide has better affinity to nanofibers, and the lower viscosity level of polylactide also favors driving nanofibers into the continuous polylactide phase during melting mixing. In this case, the strength and rigidity losses resulted from the presence of soft poly(butylene succinate) phase are compensated to some extent. To further improve mechanical properties, a two-step approach (reactive processing of blends, followed by the incorporation with nanofibers) was developed. This work provides an interesting way of fabricating fully biodegradable composites with well-balanced mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Zeren Ying
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Xie
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China; Institution of Innovative Materials & Energy, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225002, PR China
| | - Defeng Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratories of Environmental Engineering & Materials, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China.
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Wang G, Huang D, Ji J, Völker C, Wurm FR. Seawater-Degradable Polymers-Fighting the Marine Plastic Pollution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 8:2001121. [PMID: 33437568 PMCID: PMC7788598 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymers shape human life but they also have been identified as pollutants in the oceans due to their long lifetime and low degradability. Recently, various researchers have studied the impact of (micro)plastics on marine life, biodiversity, and potential toxicity. Even if the consequences are still heavily discussed, prevention of unnecessary waste is desired. Especially, newly designed polymers that degrade in seawater are discussed as potential alternatives to commodity polymers in certain applications. Biodegradable polymers that degrade in vivo (used for biomedical applications) or during composting often exhibit too slow degradation rates in seawater. To date, no comprehensive summary for the degradation performance of polymers in seawater has been reported, nor are the studies for seawater-degradation following uniform standards. This review summarizes concepts, mechanisms, and other factors affecting the degradation process in seawater of several biodegradable polymers or polymer blends. As most of such materials cannot degrade or degrade too slowly, strategies and innovative routes for the preparation of seawater-degradable polymers with rapid degradation in natural environments are reviewed. It is believed that this selection will help to further understand and drive the development of seawater-degradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge‐Xia Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Dan Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jun‐Hui Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering PlasticsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Carolin Völker
- ISOE – Institute for Social‐Ecological ResearchHamburger Allee 45Frankfurt60486Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry GroupMESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit TwentePO Box 217Enschede7500 AEThe Netherlands
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34
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The Crystallization and Melting Behaviors of PDLA-b-PBS-b-PDLA Triblock Copolymers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Fryń P, Bogdanowicz KA, Krysiak P, Marzec M, Iwan A, Januszko A. Dielectric, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of l,d-Poly(Lactic Acid) Modified by 4'-Pentyl-4-Biphenylcarbonitrile and Single Walled Carbon Nanotube. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1867. [PMID: 31726773 PMCID: PMC6918421 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the preparation and thermal, electrical and mechanical characterization of binary and ternary films based on l,d-poly(lactic acid) (l,d-PLA) and 4'-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (5CB) and Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCN) with various weight ratio. The transitions for all investigated hybrid compositions detected by differential scanning calorimetry method were shifted to lower temperatures with increasing the concentration of 5CB in the mixture with polymer. Frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy method and thermal imaging together with polarized optical microscope were used to study electric and structural properties of created hybrid compositions. The best electrical conductivity was observed for hybrid composite l,d-PLA:5CB:SWCN with ratio 10:1:0.5 w/w/w - resistance of 41.0 Ω and thermal response up to 160 °C without causing any damages. Films in crystal form are much more inflexible than in amorphous and can be explain by the cold crystallization occurs at heating while the materials changed their physical state. The value of ε' increases with increasing the 5CB admixture. Moreover, the addition of 5CB to l,d-PLA resulted in increased flexibility of polymeric base films. The best material flexibility and short-term strength were obtained for l,d-PLA sample with 9% 5CB content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Fryń
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland;
| | | | - Piotr Krysiak
- Military Institute of Engineer Technology, Obornicka 136 Str., 50-961 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.A.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Monika Marzec
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Iwan
- Faculty of Security and Safety Research, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, Czajkowskiego 109 Str., 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Januszko
- Faculty of Security and Safety Research, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, Czajkowskiego 109 Str., 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland;
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36
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Ma M, Xu L, Liu K, Chen S, He H, Shi Y, Wang X. Effect of triphenyl phosphite as a reactive compatibilizer on the properties of poly(
L
‐lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ma
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Huiwen He
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Yanqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
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37
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Hirai T, Kawada J, Narita M, Ikawa T, Takeshima H, Satoh K, Kamigaito M. Fully bio-based polymer blend of polyamide 11 and Poly(vinylcatechol) showing thermodynamic miscibility and excellent engineering properties. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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38
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Ding Y, Feng W, Huang D, Lu B, Wang P, Wang G, Ji J. Compatibilization of immiscible PLA-based biodegradable polymer blends using amphiphilic di-block copolymers. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Polylactide (PLA) and Its Blends with Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS): A Brief Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071193. [PMID: 31319454 PMCID: PMC6680981 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactide (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and blends thereof have been researched in the last two decades due to their commercial availability and the upcoming requirements for using bio-based chemical building blocks. Blends consisting of PLA and PBS offer specific material properties. However, their thermodynamically favored biphasic composition often restricts their applications. Many approaches have been taken to achieve better compatibility for tailored and improved material properties. This review focuses on the modification of PLA/PBS blends in the timeframe from 2007 to early 2019. Firstly, neat polymers of PLA and PBS are introduced in respect of their origin, their chemical structure, thermal and mechanical properties. Secondly, recent studies for improving blend properties are reviewed mainly under the focus of the toughness modification using methods including simple blending, plasticization, reactive compatibilization, and copolymerization. Thirdly, we follow up by reviewing the effect of PBS addition, stereocomplexation, nucleation, and processing parameters on the crystallization of PLA. Next, the biodegradation and disintegration of PLA/PBS blends are summarized regarding the European and International Standards, influencing factors, and degradation mechanisms. Furthermore, the recycling and application potential of the blends are outlined.
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40
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Wang B, Tu Z, Wu C, Hu T, Wang X, Long S, Gong X. Effect of Poly(styrene- ran-methyl acrylate) Inclusion on the Compatibility of Polylactide/Polystyrene- b-Polybutadiene- b-Polystyrene Blends Characterized by Morphological, Thermal, Rheological, and Mechanical Measurements. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050846. [PMID: 31083318 PMCID: PMC6572652 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A poly(styrene-ran-methyl acrylate) (S-MA) (75/25 mol/mol), synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion copolymerization, was used as a compatibilizer for polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-polystyrene (SBS)-toughened polylactide (PLA) blends. Upon compatibilization, the blends exhibited a refined dispersed-phase morphology, a decreased crystallinity with an increase in their amorphous interphase, improved thermal stability possibly from the thicker, stronger interfaces insusceptible to thermal energy, a convergence of the maximum decomposition-rate temperatures, enhanced magnitude of complex viscosity, dynamic storage and loss moduli, a reduced ramification degree in the high-frequency terminal region of the Han plot, and an increased semicircle radius in the Cole–Cole plot due to the prolonged chain segmental relaxation times from increases in the thickness and chain entanglement degree of the interphase. When increasing the S-MA content from 0 to 3.0 wt %, the tensile properties of the blends improved considerably until 1.0 wt %, above which they then increased insignificantly, whereas the impact strength was maximized at an optimum S-MA content of ~1.0 wt %, hypothetically due to balanced effects of the medium-size SBS particles on the stabilization of preexisting crazes and the initiation of new crazes in the PLA matrix. These observations confirm that S-MA, a random copolymer first synthesized in our laboratory, acted as an effective compatibilizer for the PLA/SBS blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bocheng Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Zheng Tu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Chonggang Wu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Xiaotao Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Shijun Long
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Xinghou Gong
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, and School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
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41
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Jia S, Chen Y, Yu Y, Han L, Zhang H, Dong L. Effect of Ethylene/butyl methacrylate/Glycidyl Methacrylate Terpolymer on toughness and biodegradation of poly (l-lactic acid). Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:415-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Ai X, Wang D, Li X, Pan H, Kong J, Yang H, Zhang H, Dong L. The properties of chemical cross-linked poly(lactic acid) by bis(tert-butyl dioxy isopropyl) benzene. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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Wu B, Zeng Q, Niu D, Yang W, Dong W, Chen M, Ma P. Design of Supertoughened and Heat-Resistant PLLA/Elastomer Blends by Controlling the Distribution of Stereocomplex Crystallites and the Morphology. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baogou Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingtao Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Deyu Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
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Xue B, He H, Zhu Z, Li J, Huang Z, Wang G, Chen M, Zhan Z. A Facile Fabrication of High Toughness Poly(lactic Acid) via Reactive Extrusion with Poly(butylene Succinate) and Ethylene-Methyl Acrylate-Glycidyl Methacrylate. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1401. [PMID: 30961326 PMCID: PMC6401965 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As is an excellent bio-based polymer material, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)'s brittle nature greatly restricts its extensive applications. Herein, poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was introduced to toughening PLA by melt blending using a self-made triple screw extruder through in situ reactive with ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EGMA). The effect of EGMA concentrations on the mechanical properties, morphology, interfacial compatibility of PLA/PBS blends were studied. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) results demonstrated that the epoxy group of EGMA reacts with the hydroxyl groups of PLA and PBS, which proved the occurrence of interfacial reactions among the tri-component. The significantly improved compatibility between PLA and PBS after EGMA incorporation was made evident by scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization results. Meanwhile, the contact angle test predicted that the EGMA was selectively localized at the interface between PLA and PBS, and the result was verified by morphological analysis of cryofracture and etched samples. The EGMA improves the compatibility of PLA/PBS blends, and consequently leads to a significantly increased toughness with the elongation at break occurring 83 times more when 10 wt % EGMA was introduced than neat PLA, while impact strength also enhanced by twentyfold. Ultimately, the toughening mechanism of PLA based polymers was established based on the above analysis, exploring a new way for the extensive application for degradable material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hezhi He
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jiqian Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Guozhen Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhiming Zhan
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zou J, Qi Y, Su L, Wei Y, Li Z, Xu H. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ester amide)s Consisting of Poly(L-lactic acid) and Poly(butylene succinate) Segments with 2,2′-Bis(2-oxazoline) Chain Extending. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Sui G, Jing M, Zhao J, Wang K, Zhang Q, Fu Q. A comparison study of high shear force and compatibilizer on the phase morphologies and properties of polypropylene/polylactide (PP/PLA) blends. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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47
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Wang Y, Hu Q, Li T, Ma P, Zhang S, Du M, Chen M, Zhang H, Dong W. Core–Shell Starch Nanoparticles and Their Toughening of Polylactide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiongen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shengwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
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48
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Garcia-Campo MJ, Quiles-Carrillo L, Sanchez-Nacher L, Balart R, Montanes N. High toughness poly(lactic acid) (PLA) formulations obtained by ternary blends with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and flexible polyesters from succinic acid. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Hu H, Zhang R, Shi L, Ying WB, Wang J, Zhu J. Modification of Poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) with Lactic Acid for Biodegradable Copolyesters with Good Mechanical and Barrier Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Bin Ying
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, People’s Republic of China
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Ding Y, Feng W, Lu B, Wang P, Wang G, Ji J. PLA-PEG-PLA tri-block copolymers: Effective compatibilizers for promotion of the interfacial structure and mechanical properties of PLA/PBAT blends. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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