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Siegmund P, Klinken S, Hacker MC, Breitkreutz J, Fischer B. Application of deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy to column liquid chromatography: Development of a low-flow method for the identification of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Talanta 2024; 277:126353. [PMID: 38838561 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy (DUV-RRS) was coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to be applied in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. Naproxen, Metformin and Epirubicin were employed as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) covering different areas of the pharmacological spectrum. Raman signals were successfully generated and attributed to the test substances, even in the presence of the dominant solvent bands of the mobile phase. To increase sensitivity, a low-flow method was developed to extend the exposure time of the sample. This approach enabled the use of a deep UV pulse laser with a low average power of 0.5 mW. Compared to previous studies, where energy-intensive argon ion lasers were commonly used, we were able to achieve similar detection limits with our setup. Using affordable lasers with low operating costs may facilitate the transfer of the results of this study into practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Siegmund
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Klinken
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Björn Fischer
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Blohm A, Domes C, Merian A, Wolf S, Popp J, Frosch T. Comprehensive multi-gas study by means of fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the investigation of nitrogen cycle processes. Analyst 2024; 149:1885-1894. [PMID: 38357795 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The extensive use of synthetic fertilizers has led to a considerable increase in reactive nitrogen input into agricultural and natural systems, resulting in negative effects in multiple ecosystems, the so-called nitrogen cascade. Since the global population relies on fertilization for food production, synthetic fertilizer use needs to be optimized by balancing crop yield and reactive nitrogen losses. Fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (FERS) is introduced as a unique method for the simultaneous quantification of multiple gases to the study processes related to the nitrogen cycle. By monitoring changes in the headspace gas concentrations, processes such as denitrification, nitrification, respiration, and nitrogen fixation, as well as fertilizer addition were studied. The differences in concentration between the ambient and prepared process samples were evident in the Raman spectra, allowing for differentiation of process-specific spectra. Gas mixture concentrations were quantified within a range of low ppm to 100% for the gases N2, O2, CO2, N2O, and NH3. Compositional changes were attributed to processes of the nitrogen cycle. With help of multivariate curve resolution, it was possible to quantify N2O and CO2 simultaneously. The impact of fertilizers on N-cycle processes in soil was simulated and analyzed for identifying active processes. Thus, FERS was proven to be a suitable technique to optimize fertilizer composition and to quantify N2O and NH3 emissions, all with a single device and without further sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Blohm
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Merian
- Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstraße 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe Centre of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstraße 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe Centre of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
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3
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Yang M, Liu Z, Xiong L, Nie Q, Wang Y, Gao S, Cheng M, Yang D, Pei S, Guo D. Antiresonant fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy gas sensing with 1 ppm sensitivity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:4093-4101. [PMID: 38297617 DOI: 10.1364/oe.509758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Antiresonant hollow-core fiber (AR-HCF) exhibits unprecedented optical performance in low transmission attenuation, broad transmission bandwidth, and single spatial mode quality. However, due to its lower numerical aperture, when utilizing the Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (FERS) principle for gas detection, the efficiency of AR-HCF in collecting Raman signals per unit length is significantly lower than that of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. Nonetheless, AR-HCF effectively suppresses higher-order modes and offers bandwidth in hundreds of nanometers. By increasing the length of AR-HCF, its advantages can be effectively harnessed, leading to a considerable enhancement in the system's ability for low-concentration gas detection. We combine the nodeless antiresonant hollow-core fiber and Raman spectroscopy for enhanced Raman gas sensing in a forward scattering measurement configuration to investigate the attenuation behavior of the silica background signals. The silica background attenuation behavior enables the low baseline of the gas Raman spectroscopy and extends the integration time of the system. In addition, a convenient spatial filtering method is investigated. A multimode fiber with a suitable core diameter was employed to transmit the signal so that the fiber end face plays the role of pinhole, thus filtering the silica signal and reducing the baseline. The natural isotopes 12C16O2, 13C16O2, and 12C18O16O in ambient air can be observed using a 5-meter-long AR-HCF at 1 bar with a laser output power of 1.8 W and an integration time of 300 seconds. Limits of detection have been determined to be 0.5 ppm for 13C16O2 and 1.2 ppm for 12C16O2, which shows that the FERS with AR-HCF has remarkable potential for isotopes and multigas sensing.
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4
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Thissen J, Klassen MD, Constantinidis P, Hacker MC, Breitkreutz J, Teutenberg T, Fischer B. Online Coupling of Size Exclusion Chromatography to Capillary Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Proteins and Biopharmaceutical Drug Products. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17868-17877. [PMID: 38050672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The online coupling of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to capillary enhanced Raman spectroscopy (CERS) based on a liquid core waveguide (LCW) flow cell was applied for the first time to assess the higher-order structure of different proteins. This setup allows recording of Raman spectra of the monomeric protein within complex mixtures, since SEC enables the separation of the monomeric protein from matrix components such as excipients of a biopharmaceutical product and higher molecular weight species (e.g., aggregates). The acquired Raman spectra were used for structural elucidation of well characterized proteins such as bovine serum albumin, hen egg white lysozyme, and β-lactoglobulin and of the monoclonal antibody rituximab in a medicinal product. Additionally, the CERS detection of the disaccharide sucrose, which is used as a stabilizing excipient, was quantified to achieve a limit of detection (LOD) of 120 μg and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 363 μg injected on the column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Thissen
- Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e.V. (IUTA), Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin D Klassen
- Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e.V. (IUTA), Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Constantinidis
- Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e.V. (IUTA), Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e.V. (IUTA), Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Björn Fischer
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Song R, Chen W, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Wang J. Centrifugal Extraction-Assisted Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Online Detection of Trace Furfural in Oil Power Equipment. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14905-14913. [PMID: 37766413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Oil-paper insulated equipment is integral in power conversion and supports low-loss electricity transport. As a characteristic byproduct of the oil-paper insulation system, the realization of efficient detection of furfural in oil is crucial to the safe operation of the power grid. We proposed a novel approach using dual-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for sensing trace liquid components. This method employs a centrifugal extractor to separate and enrich the targeted components, achieving selective enhancement. The optimal phase ratio was determined to be 30:1. A liquid-core fiber was used to optimize the laser transmission efficiency and Raman signal collection efficiency, resulting in a nonselective signal enhancement of 44.86. It also investigated the impact of intermolecular interactions on the shift of Raman spectra, identifying the reasons for the differences in Raman signals between pure furfural, furfural in oil, and furfural in water. A batch of samples with furfural dissolved in insulation oil was measured using this system and achieved a limit of detection of 0.091 mg/L. The stability of the dual-enhanced Raman platform was experimentally verified with a spectral intensity fluctuation of 0.68%. This method is fast, stable, adaptable, and suitable for the detection of a wide range of liquid ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Weigen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhixian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yingzhou Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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6
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Crocombe RA, Giuntini G, Schiering DW, Profeta LTM, Hargreaves MD, Leary PE, Brown CD, Chmura JW. Field-portable detection of fentanyl and its analogs: A review. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:1570-1600. [PMID: 37565563 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The need to detect fentanyl and its analogs in the field is an important capability to help prevent unintentional exposure or overdose on these substances, which may result in death. Many portable methods historically used in the field by first responders and other field users to detect and identify other chemical substances, such as hazardous materials, have been applied to the detection and identification of these synthetic opioids. This paper describes field portable spectroscopic methods used for the detection and identification of fentanyl and its analogs. The methods described are automated colorimetric tests including lateral flow assays; vibrational spectroscopy (mid-infrared and Raman); gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; ion mobility spectrometry, and high-pressure mass spectrometry. In each case the background and key details of these technologies are outlined, followed by a discussion of the application of the technology in the field. Attention is paid to the analysis of complex mixtures and limits of detection, including the required spectral databases and algorithms used to interrogate these types of samples. There is also an emphasis on providing actionable information to the (likely) non-scientist operators of these instruments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David W Schiering
- RedWave Technology, Danbury, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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7
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Domes R, Frosch T. Investigations on the Novel Antimalarial Ferroquine in Biomimetic Solutions Using Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7630-7639. [PMID: 37141178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Deep ultraviolet (DUV) resonance Raman experiments are performed, investigating the novel, promising antimalarial ferroquine (FQ). Two buffered aqueous solutions with pH values of 5.13 and 7.00 are used, simulating the acidic and neutral conditions inside a parasite's digestive vacuole and cytosol, respectively. To imitate the different polarities of the membranes and interior, the buffer's 1,4-dioxane content was increased. These experimental conditions should mimic the transport of the drug inside malaria-infected erythrocytes through parasitophorous membranes. Supporting density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the drug's micro-speciation were performed, which could be nicely assigned to shifts in the peak positions of resonantly enhanced high-wavenumber Raman signals at λexc = 257 nm. FQ is fully protonated in polar mixtures like the host interior and the parasite's cytoplasm or digestive vacuole (DV) and is only present as a free base in nonpolar ones, such as the host's and parasitophorous membranes. Additionally, the limit of detection (LoD) of FQ at vacuolic pH values was determined using DUV excitation wavelengths at 244 and 257 nm. By applying the resonant laser line at λexc = 257 nm, a minimal FQ concentration of 3.1 μM was detected, whereas the pre-resonant excitation wavelength 244 nm provides an LoD of 6.9 μM. These values were all up to one order of magnitude lower than the concentration found for the food vacuole of a parasitized erythrocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Strasse 9, 07751 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Strasse 9, 07751 Jena, Germany
- Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstrasse 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Groeneveld I, Jaspars A, Akca IB, Somsen GW, Ariese F, van Bommel MR. Use of liquid-core waveguides as photochemical reactors and/or for chemical analysis – An overview. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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9
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Guo L, Huang J, Chen Y, Zhang B, Ji M. Fiber-Enhanced Stimulated Raman Scattering and Sensitive Detection of Dilute Solutions. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:243. [PMID: 35448303 PMCID: PMC9028131 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is known to gain coherent amplification of molecular vibrations that allow for rapid and label-free chemical imaging in the microscopy setting. However, the tightly focused laser spot has limited the detection sensitivity, partly due to the tiny interaction volume. Here, we report the use of metal-lined hollow-core fiber (MLHCF) to improve the sensitivity of SRS in sensing dilute solutions by extending the light-matter interaction volume through the fiber waveguide. With a focusing lens (100 mm FL) and 320 μm diameter fiber, we demonstrated an optimum enhancement factor of ~20 at a fiber length of 8.3 cm. More importantly, the MLHCF exhibited a significantly suppressed cross-phase modulation (XPM) background, enabling the detection of ~0.7 mM DMSO in water. Furthermore, the relationship between fiber length and SRS signal could be well explained theoretically. The fiber-enhanced SRS (FE-SRS) method may be further optimized and bears potential in the sensitive detection of molecules in the solution and gas phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (L.G.); (J.H.); (Y.C.); (B.Z.)
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (L.G.); (J.H.); (Y.C.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yaxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (L.G.); (J.H.); (Y.C.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (L.G.); (J.H.); (Y.C.); (B.Z.)
| | - Minbiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (L.G.); (J.H.); (Y.C.); (B.Z.)
- Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, China
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10
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Trends in pharmaceutical analysis and quality control by modern Raman spectroscopic techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Review on All-Fiber Online Raman Sensor with Hollow Core Microstructured Optical Fiber. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is widely used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace components in scientific fields such as food safety monitoring, drug testing, environmental monitoring, etc. In addition to its demonstrated advantages of fast response, non-destructive, and non-polluting characteristics, fast online Raman detection is drawing growing attention for development. To achieve this desirable capability, hollow core optical fibers are employed as a common transmission channel for light and fluid in the Raman sensor. By enhancing the interaction process between light and matter, the detection sensitivity is improved. At the same time, the Raman spectroscopy signal light collection efficiency is significantly improved. This article summarizes enhancement techniques reported for Raman sensors, followed by a detailed review on fiber-based Raman sensor techniques including theoretical analyses, fabrication, and application based on hollow core photonic crystal fibers and capillary-based hollow core fibers. The prospects of using these fibers for Raman spectroscopy are discussed.
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12
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Merdalimova AA, Rudakovskaya PG, Ermatov TI, Smirnov AS, Kosolobov SS, Skibina JS, Demina PA, Khlebtsov BN, Yashchenok AM, Gorin DA. SERS Platform Based on Hollow-Core Microstructured Optical Fiber: Technology of UV-Mediated Gold Nanoparticle Growth. BIOSENSORS 2021; 12:19. [PMID: 35049647 PMCID: PMC8774134 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique for biosensing. However, SERS analysis has several concerns: the signal is limited by a number of molecules and the area of the plasmonic substrate in the laser hotspot, and quantitative analysis in a low-volume droplet is confusing due to the change of concentration during quick drying. The usage of hollow-core microstructured optical fibers (HC-MOFs) is thought to be an effective way to improve SERS sensitivity and limit of detection through the effective irradiation of a small sample volume filling the fiber capillaries. In this paper, we used layer-by-layer assembly as a simple method for the functionalization of fiber capillaries by gold nanoparticles (seeds) with a mean diameter of 8 nm followed by UV-induced chloroauric acid reduction. We also demonstrated a simple and quick technique used for the analysis of the SERS platform formation at every stage through the detection of spectral shifts in the optical transmission of HC-MOFs. The enhancement of the Raman signal of a model analyte Rhodamine 6G was obtained using such type of SERS platform. Thus, a combination of nanostructured gold coating as a SERS-active surface and a hollow-core fiber as a microfluidic channel and a waveguide is perspective for point-of-care medical diagnosis based on liquid biopsy and exhaled air analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia A. Merdalimova
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (P.G.R.); (T.I.E.); (A.M.Y.)
| | - Polina G. Rudakovskaya
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (P.G.R.); (T.I.E.); (A.M.Y.)
| | - Timur I. Ermatov
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (P.G.R.); (T.I.E.); (A.M.Y.)
| | - Alexander S. Smirnov
- Center for Design, Manufacturing and Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.S.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Sergey S. Kosolobov
- Center for Design, Manufacturing and Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.S.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Julia S. Skibina
- SPE LLC Nanostructured Glass Technology, 101 50 Let Oktjabrja str, 410033 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Polina A. Demina
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, 59 Leninsky pr., 119333 Moscow, Russia;
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya str. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris N. Khlebtsov
- Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, 410049 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Alexey M. Yashchenok
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (P.G.R.); (T.I.E.); (A.M.Y.)
| | - Dmitry A. Gorin
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (P.G.R.); (T.I.E.); (A.M.Y.)
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13
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Cialla-May D, Krafft C, Rösch P, Deckert-Gaudig T, Frosch T, Jahn IJ, Pahlow S, Stiebing C, Meyer-Zedler T, Bocklitz T, Schie I, Deckert V, Popp J. Raman Spectroscopy and Imaging in Bioanalytics. Anal Chem 2021; 94:86-119. [PMID: 34920669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Deckert-Gaudig
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Izabella J Jahn
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Susanne Pahlow
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Clara Stiebing
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Meyer-Zedler
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Bocklitz
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Iwan Schie
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena, University of Applied Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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14
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Wang X, Li S, Gao S, Wang Y, Wang P, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, Ruan Y. Microfluidic Raman Sensing Using a Single Ring Negative Curvature Hollow Core Fiber. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11110430. [PMID: 34821646 PMCID: PMC8615756 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A compact microfluidic Raman detection system based on a single-ring negative-curvature hollow-core fiber is presented. The system can be used for in-line qualitative and quantitative analysis of biochemicals. Both efficient light coupling and continuous liquid injection into the hollow-core fiber were achieved by creating a small gap between a solid-core fiber and the hollow-core fiber, which were fixed within a low-cost ceramic ferrule. A coupling efficiency of over 50% from free-space excitation laser to the hollow core fiber was obtained through a 350 μm-long solid-core fiber. For proof-of-concept demonstration of bioprocessing monitoring, a series of ethanol and glucose aqueous solutions at different concentrations were used. The limit of detection achieved for the ethanol solutions with our system was ~0.04 vol.% (0.32 g/L). Such an all-fiber microfluidic device is robust, provides Raman measurements with high repeatability and reusability, and is particularly suitable for the in-line monitoring of bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology, Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
- School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Shuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology, Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
| | - Shoufei Gao
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingying Wang
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pu Wang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
| | - Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Yinlan Ruan
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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15
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Wang J, Chen W, Wang P, Zhang Z, Wan F, Zhou F, Song R, Wang Y, Gao S. Fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for highly sensitive H 2 and SO 2 sensing with a hollow-core anti-resonant fiber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:32296-32311. [PMID: 34615304 DOI: 10.1364/oe.437693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An innovative fiber-enhanced Raman gas sensing system with a hollow-core anti-resonant fiber is introduced. Two iris diaphragms are implemented for spatial filtering, and a reflecting mirror is attached to one fiber end that provides a highly improved Raman signal enhancement over 2.9 times than the typical bare fiber system. The analytical performance for multigas compositions is thoroughly demonstrated by recording the Raman spectra of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) with limits of detection down to low-ppm levels as well as a long-term instability < 1.05%. The excellent linear relationship between Raman signal intensity (peak height) and gas concentrations indicates a promising potential for accurate quantification.
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16
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Knebl A, Domes C, Domes R, Wolf S, Popp J, Frosch T. Hydrogen and C2-C6 Alkane Sensing in Complex Fuel Gas Mixtures with Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10546-10552. [PMID: 34297525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Power-to-gas is a heavily discussed option to store surplus electricity from renewable sources. Part of the generated hydrogen could be fed into the gas grid and lead to fluctuations in the composition of the fuel gas. Consequently, both operators of transmission networks and end users would need to frequently monitor the gas to ensure safety as well as optimal and stable operation. Currently, gas chromatography-based analysis methods are the state of the art. However, these methods have several downsides for time-resolved and distributed application and Raman gas spectroscopy is favorable for future point-of-use monitoring. Here, we demonstrate that fiber-enhanced Raman gas spectroscopy (FERS) enables the simultaneous detection of all relevant gases, from major (methane, CH4; hydrogen, H2) to minor (C2-C6 alkanes) fuel gas components. The characteristic peaks of H2 (585 cm-1), CH4 (2917 cm-1), isopentane (765 cm-1), i-butane (798 cm-1), n-butane (830 cm-1), n-pentane (840 cm-1), propane (869 cm-1), ethane (993 cm-1), and n-hexane (1038 cm-1) are well resolved in the broadband spectra acquired with a compact spectrometer. The fiber enhancement achieved in a hollow-core antiresonant fiber enables highly sensitive measurements with limits of detection between 90 and 180 ppm for different hydrocarbons. Both methane and hydrogen were quantified with high accuracy with average relative errors of 1.1% for CH4 and 1.5% for H2 over a wide concentration range. These results show that FERS is ideally suited for comprehensive fuel gas analysis in a future, where regenerative sources lead to fluctuations in the composition of gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Knebl
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Christian Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry & Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert Einstein Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry & Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena 07745, Germany.,Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstraße 25, Darmstadt 64283, Germany
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17
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High-Sensitivity Raman Gas Probe for In Situ Multi-Component Gas Detection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103539. [PMID: 34069644 PMCID: PMC8160845 DOI: 10.3390/s21103539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple reflection has been proven to be an effective method to enhance the gas detection sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy, while Raman gas probes based on the multiple reflection principle have been rarely reported on. In this paper, a multi-reflection, cavity enhanced Raman spectroscopy (CERS) probe was developed and used for in situ multi-component gas detection. Owing to signal transmission through optical fibers and the miniaturization of multi-reflection cavity, the CERS probe exhibited the advantages of in situ detection and higher detection sensitivity. Compared with the conventional, backscattering Raman layout, the CERS probe showed a better performance for the detection of weak signals with a relatively lower background. According to the 3σ criteria, the detection limits of this CERS probe for methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor are calculated to be 44.5 ppm, 192.9 ppm, 317.5 ppm and 0.67%, respectively. The results presented the development of this CERS probe as having great potential to provide a new method for industrial, multi-component online gas detection.
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18
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Kottke D, Burckhardt BB, Breitkreutz J, Fischer B. Application and validation of a coaxial liquid core waveguide fluorescence detector for the permeation analysis of desmopressin acetate. Talanta 2021; 226:122145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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19
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Azkune M, Ayesta I, Ruiz-Rubio L, Arrospide E, Vilas-Vilela JL, Zubia J. Hydrogel-Core Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers for Selective Fiber Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21051845. [PMID: 33800805 PMCID: PMC7961415 DOI: 10.3390/s21051845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new approach of Fiber Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (FERS) is described within this article based on the use of Hydrogel-Core microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers (HyC-mPOF). The incorporation of the hydrogel only on the core of the Hollow-Core microstructured Polymer Optical Fiber (HC-mPOF) enables to perform FERS measurements in a functionalized matrix, enabling high selectivity Raman measurements. The hydrogel formation was continuously monitored and quantified using a Principal Component Analysis verifying the coherence between the components and the Raman spectrum of the hydrogel. The performed measurements with high and low affinity target molecules prove the feasibility of the presented HyC-mPOF platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Azkune
- Department of Electronic Technology, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94301-8645
| | - Igor Ayesta
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (I.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Leire Ruiz-Rubio
- Macromolecular Chemistry Research Group (LQM), Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (L.R.-R.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Eneko Arrospide
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (I.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Jose Luis Vilas-Vilela
- Macromolecular Chemistry Research Group (LQM), Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (L.R.-R.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Joseba Zubia
- Department of Communications Engineering, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo, 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;
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20
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Kim J, Jang B, Gargiulo J, Bürger J, Zhao J, Upendar S, Weiss T, Maier SA, Schmidt MA. The Optofluidic Light Cage - On-Chip Integrated Spectroscopy Using an Antiresonance Hollow Core Waveguide. Anal Chem 2020; 93:752-760. [PMID: 33296184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging applications in spectroscopy-related bioanalytics demand for integrated devices with small geometric footprints and fast response times. While hollow core waveguides principally provide such conditions, currently used approaches include limitations such as long diffusion times, limited light-matter interaction, substantial implementation efforts, and difficult waveguide interfacing. Here, we introduce the concept of the optofluidic light cage that allows for fast and reliable integrated spectroscopy using a novel on-chip hollow core waveguide platform. The structure, implemented by 3D nanoprinting, consists of millimeter-long high-aspect-ratio strands surrounding a hollow core and includes the unique feature of open space between the strands, allowing analytes to sidewise enter the core region. Reliable, robust, and long-term stable light transmission via antiresonance guidance was observed while the light cages were immersed in an aqueous environment. The performance of the light cage related to absorption spectroscopy, refractive index sensitivity, and dye diffusion was experimentally determined, matching simulations and thus demonstrating the relevance of this approach with respect to chemistry and bioanalytics. The presented work features the optofluidic light cage as a novel on-chip sensing platform with unique properties, opening new avenues for highly integrated sensing devices with real-time responses. Application of this concept is not only limited to absorption spectroscopy but also includes Raman, photoluminescence, or fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, more sophisticated applications are also conceivable in, e.g., nanoparticle tracking analysis or ultrafast nonlinear frequency conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Kim
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bumjoon Jang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Bürger
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiangbo Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Swaathi Upendar
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiss
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.,Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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21
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Perevoschikov S, Kaydanov N, Ermatov T, Bibikova O, Usenov I, Sakharova T, Bocharnikov A, Skibina J, Artyushenko V, Gorin D. Light guidance up to 6.5 µm in borosilicate soft glass hollow-core microstructured optical waveguides. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:27940-27950. [PMID: 32988076 DOI: 10.1364/oe.399410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Limited operating bandwidth originated from strong absorption of glass materials in the infrared (IR) spectral region has hindered the potential applications of microstructured optical waveguide (MOW)-based sensors. Here, we demonstrate multimode waveguide regime up to 6.5 µm for the hollow-core (HC) MOWs drawn from borosilicate soft glass. Effective light guidance in central HC (diameter ∼240 µm) was observed from 0.4 to 6.5 µm despite high waveguide losses (0.4 and 1 dB/cm in near- and mid-IR, respectively). Additional optimization of the waveguide structure can potentially extend its operating range and decrease transmission losses, offering an attractive alternative to tellurite and chalcogenide-based fibers. Featuring the transparency in mid-IR, HC MOWs are promising candidates for the creation of MOW-based sensors for chemical and biomedical applications.
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22
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Zhou J, Chu W, Lu D, Liu J, Mao X, Na X, Zhang S, Qian Y. A novel 3D printed negative pressure small sampling system for bubble-free liquid core waveguide enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Talanta 2020; 216:120942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Polymer Nanoparticle Identification and Concentration Measurement Using Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We present a measurement technique for chemical identification and concentration measurement of polymer nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which is achieved using Raman spectroscopy. This work delivers an improvement in measurement sensitivity of 40 times over conventional Raman measurements in cuvettes by loading polymer nanoparticles into the hollow core of a microstructured optical fiber. We apply this “fiber-enhanced” system to measure the concentration of two separate samples of polystyrene particles (diameters of 60 nm and 120 nm respectively) with concentrations in the range from 0.07 to 0.5 mg/mL. The nanoliter volume formed by the fiber presents unique experimental conditions where nanoparticles are confined within the fiber core and prevented from diffusing outside the incident electromagnetic field, thereby enhancing their interaction. Our results suggest an upper limit on the size of particle that can be measured using the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, as the increasing angular distribution of scattered light with particle size exceeds the acceptance angle of the liquid-filled fiber. We investigate parameters such as the fiber filling rate and optical properties of the filled fiber, with the aim to deliver repeatable and quantifiable measurements. This study thereby aids the on-going process to create compact systems that can be integrated into nanoparticle production settings for in-line measurements.
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24
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Li Y, Shen R, Wu H, Yu L, Wang Z, Wang D. Liver changes induced by cadmium poisoning distinguished by confocal Raman imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 225:117483. [PMID: 31493713 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become an important issue threatening human health and the liver is a very important metabolic organ. Here, we use label-free Raman confocal imaging to study the alterations of the liver tissue after cadmium pollution. Raman imaging has been performed on 100μmx100μm liver tissues to study the distribution of important macromolecules and the average Raman spectrum of the entire region has been used to characterize and quantize the change of biochemical compositions in liver tissue. The poisoned livers displayed a significant decrease in the intensity of 748 cm-1, 1128 cm-1 and 1585 cm-1 bands of cytochrome C, in comparison to the control. The collagen peak at 1082 cm-1 is significantly higher than that of control, suggesting the increasing fibrosis of Cd liver tissues. To confirm the results, we selected a 30μmx15μm liver cell area for high-resolution Raman imaging. We observed a substantial increase of lipids and proteins at specific points of hepatocytes. The confocal Raman imaging of liver tissues provided a unique tool to better understand disease-induced changes in the biochemical phenotype of primary liver tissues. Our study provides valuable references as in vitro models for studying Cd accumulation and toxicity in human liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu 73000, China
| | - Haining Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Linghui Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu 73000, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu 73000, China.
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25
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Chullipalliyalil K, Lewis L, McAuliffe MAP. Deep UV Laser-Induced Fluorescence for Pharmaceutical Cleaning Validation. Anal Chem 2020; 92:1447-1454. [PMID: 31822059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cleaning verification and validation is a requirement in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to the limited number of mobile devices that do effective and accurate onsite cleaning verification, it is mostly done via lab-based quality control techniques. These techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or total organic carbon, often lead to extending the validation of cleaning by days. The void of more sensitive, accurate, and portable instruments to verify cleaning onsite has to be filled. The article discusses the use of deep ultra violet (DUV) laser-induced fluorescence for detecting carryover of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and detergents onsite. A modified spectrometer was used as an offsite bench type prototype for analyzing trace samples of API and cleaning detergents with various substrates. Even if the API to be detected has a low fluorescence efficiency, the specificity of the technique allows API traces having concentrations as low as ≈0.20 μg/cm2 to be identified. The work also shows the possibility of using a probe for validating cleaning of hard to reach areas using DUV laser-induced fluorescence. DUV laser-induced fluorescence of trace API over any polymer/glass substrate has better signal to background ratio (SBR) compared to FTIR absorption techniques. Processing times of DUV laser-induced fluorescence trace detection are shown to be much less than swab based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam Lewis
- Center for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis (CAPPA) , Cork Institute of Technology , Cork , Ireland
| | - Michael A P McAuliffe
- Center for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis (CAPPA) , Cork Institute of Technology , Cork , Ireland
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26
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Wolf S, Frosch T, Popp J, Pletz MW, Frosch T. Highly Sensitive Detection of the Antibiotic Ciprofloxacin by Means of Fiber Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244512. [PMID: 31835489 PMCID: PMC6943513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock exhibit a rapid course and a high fatality rate. Antibiotic treatment is time-critical and precise knowledge of the antibiotic concentration during the patients’ treatment would allow individual dose adaption. Over- and underdosing will increase the antimicrobial efficacy and reduce toxicity. We demonstrated that fiber enhanced Raman spectroscopy (FERS) can be used to detect very low concentrations of ciprofloxacin in clinically relevant doses, down to 1.5 µM. Fiber enhancement was achieved in bandgap shifted photonic crystal fibers. The high linearity between the Raman signals and the drug concentrations allows a robust calibration for drug quantification. The needed sample volume was very low (0.58 µL) and an acquisition time of 30 s allowed the rapid monitoring of ciprofloxacin levels in a less invasive way than conventional techniques. These results demonstrate that FERS has a high potential for clinical in-situ monitoring of ciprofloxacin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wolf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Timea Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mathias W. Pletz
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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27
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Knebl A, Domes R, Yan D, Popp J, Trumbore S, Frosch T. Fiber-Enhanced Raman Gas Spectroscopy for 18O- 13C-Labeling Experiments. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7562-7569. [PMID: 31050402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stable isotopes are used in ecology to track and disentangle different processes and pathways. Especially for studies focused on the gas exchange of plants, sensing techniques that offer oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) sensitivity with isotopic discrimination are highly sought after. Addressing this challenge, fiber-enhanced Raman gas spectroscopy is introduced as a fast optical technique directly combining 13CO2 and 12CO2 as well as 18O2 and 16O2 measurements in one instrument. We demonstrate how a new type of optical hollow-core fiber, the so-called revolver fiber, is utilized for enhanced Raman gas sensing. Carbon dioxide and oxygen isotopologues were measured at concentrations expected when using 13C- and 18O-labeled gases in plant experiments. Limits of detection have been determined to be 25 ppm for CO2 and 150 ppm for O2. The combination of measurements with different integration times allows the creation of highly resolved broadband spectra. With the help of calculations based on density functional theory, the line at 1512 cm-1 occurring in the oxygen spectrum is assigned to 18O16O. The relative abundances of the isotopologues 18O16O and nitrogen 15N14N were in good agreement with typical values. For CO2, fiber-enhanced Raman spectra show the Fermi diad and hotbands of 12C16O2, 13C16O2, and 12C18O16O. Several weak lines were observed, and the line at 1426 cm-1 was identified as originating from the (0 4 0 2) → (0 2 0 2) transition of 12C16O2. With the demonstrated sensitivity and discriminatory power, fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a possible alternative means to investigate plant metabolism, directly combining 13CO2 and 12CO2 measurements with 18O2 and 16O2 measurements in one instrument. The presented method thus has large potential for basic analytical investigations as well as for applications in the environmental sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Knebl
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , 07745 Jena , Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Di Yan
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , 07745 Jena , Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry & Abbe Center of Photonics , Friedrich Schiller University , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Susan Trumbore
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , 07745 Jena , Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry & Abbe Center of Photonics , Friedrich Schiller University , 07743 Jena , Germany
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28
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Chu Q, Jin Z, Yu X, Li C, Zhang W, Ji W, Lin B, Shum PP, Zhang X, Wang G. Volumetric enhancement of Raman scattering for fast detection based on a silver-lined hollow-core fiber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:10370-10382. [PMID: 31045180 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.010370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fast detection and identification of chemicals are of utmost importance for field testing and real-time monitoring in many fields. Raman spectroscopy is the predominant technique in principle, but its wide application is limited on account of weak scattering efficiency. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technique provides a solution for signal enhancement, but may not good at fast detection due to cross contamination and bulky instruments. Hollow-core fiber-based Raman cell with long interaction length can achieve high detection sensitivity, but it also suffers from low flow rate, bulky high-pressure equipment and light coupling structure, which also restricts its application for fast detection. In order to solve those problems, we proposed a portable Raman cell, by using metal-lined hollow-core fibers (MLHCF) with large bandwidth, good field confinement, extremely large numerical aperture and arbitrary length. With our proposed fiber inserted light coupling and light reflecting method, a Raman cell of 3.1 cm in length provides nearly 50 times of signal enhancement compared with direct detection using bare fiber tip. Furthermore, the sample exchange rate could be as fast as 1 second even under normal pressure without any cross contamination. At last, we also demonstrated the underlying general mechanism of signal enhancement and summarized it as volumetric enhancement of Raman scattering (VERS). Both the experiment results and the theoretical analysis demonstrated that our device has the potential for fast online Raman detection, which also possesses high-sensitivity and high-accuracy.
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29
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Yan D, Frosch T, Kobelke J, Bierlich J, Popp J, Pletz MW, Frosch T. Fiber-Enhanced Raman Sensing of Cefuroxime in Human Urine. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13243-13248. [PMID: 30387601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was developed for the chemically selective and sensitive quantification of the important antibiotic cefuroxime in human urine. A novel optical sensor fiber was drawn and precisely prepared. In this fiber structure, light is strongly confined in the selectively filled liquid core, and the Raman scattered signal is collected with unprecedented efficiency over an extended interaction length. The filling, emptying, and robustness are highly improved due to the large core size (>30 μm). Broadband step-index guidance allows the free choice of the most suitable excitation wavelength in complex body fluids. The limit of detection of cefuroxime in human urine was improved by 2 orders of magnitude (to μM level). The quantification of cefuroxime was achieved in urine after oral administration. This method has great potential for the point-of-care monitoring of antibiotics concentrations and is an important step forward to enable clinicians to rapidly adjust doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany
| | - Timea Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany
| | - Jens Kobelke
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany
| | - Jörg Bierlich
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Institute of Physical Chemistry , Jena 07743 , Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Abbe Centre of Photonics , Jena 07745 , Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control , Jena University Hospital , Jena 07740 , Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745 , Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Institute of Physical Chemistry , Jena 07743 , Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Abbe Centre of Photonics , Jena 07745 , Germany
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30
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Yan D, Domes C, Domes R, Frosch T, Popp J, Pletz MW, Frosch T. Fiber enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis as a novel method for diagnosis and monitoring of diseases related to hyperbilirubinemia and hyperbiliverdinemia. Analyst 2018; 141:6104-6115. [PMID: 27704083 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01670g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fiber enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (FERS) is introduced for chemically selective and ultrasensitive analysis of the biomolecules hematin, hemoglobin, biliverdin, and bilirubin. The abilities for analyzing whole intact, oxygenated erythrocytes are proven, demonstrating the potential for the diagnosis of red blood cell related diseases, such as different types of anemia and hemolytic disorders. The optical fiber enables an efficient light-guiding within a miniaturized sample volume of only a few micro-liters and provides a tremendously improved analytical sensitivity (LODs of 0.5 μM for bilirubin and 0.13 μM for biliverdin with proposed improvements down to the pico-molar range). FERS is a less invasive method than the standard ones and could be a new analytical method for monitoring neonatal jaundice, allowing a precise control of the unconjugated serum bilirubin levels, and therefore, providing a better prognosis for newborns. The potential for sensing very low concentrations of the bile pigments may also open up new opportunities for cancer research. The abilities of FERS as a diagnostic tool are explored for the elucidation of jaundice with different etiologies including the rare, not yet well understood diseases manifested in green jaundice. This is demonstrated by quantifying clinically relevant concentrations of bilirubin and biliverdin simultaneously in the micro-molar range: for the case of hyperbilirubinemia due to malignancy, infectious hepatitis, cirrhosis or stenosis of the common bile duct (1 μM biliverdin together with 50 μM bilirubin) and for hyperbiliverdinemia (25 μM biliverdin and 75 μM bilirubin). FERS has high potential as an ultrasensitive analytical technique for a wide range of biomolecules and in various life-science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Timea Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany and Friedrich Schiller University, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Jena, Germany and Friedrich Schiller University, Abbe Centre of Photonics, Jena, Germany.
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- University Hospital, Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany and Friedrich Schiller University, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Jena, Germany and Friedrich Schiller University, Abbe Centre of Photonics, Jena, Germany.
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31
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Ponce S, Christians H, Drochner A, Etzold BJM. An Optical Microreactor Enabling In Situ Spectroscopy Combined with Fast Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201800061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ponce
- Technische Universität Darmstadt; Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Hauke Christians
- Technische Universität Darmstadt; Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alfons Drochner
- Technische Universität Darmstadt; Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Bastian J. M. Etzold
- Technische Universität Darmstadt; Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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32
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Allen AC, Romero-Mangado J, Adams S, Flynn M, Chen B, Zhang JZ. Detection of Saturated Fatty Acids Associated with a Self-Healing Synthetic Biological Membrane Using Fiber-Enhanced Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8396-8403. [PMID: 30137989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Synthetic Biological Membrane (SBM) project at NASA Ames developed a portable, self-repairing wastewater purification system. The self-repair process relies upon secreted fatty acids from a genetically engineered organism. However, solubilized fatty acids are difficult to detect using conventional methods. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was used to successfully detect solubilized fatty acids with the following limits of detection: 10-9, 10-8, 10-9, and 10-6 M for decanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, respectively. Additionally, hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) was applied as the sampling device together with SERS to develop in situ surveillance of the production of fatty acids. Using SERS + HCPCF yielded an 18-fold enhancement in SERS signal for the CH2 twist peak at 1295 cm-1 as compared to SERS alone. The results will help the SBM project to integrate a self-healing wastewater purification membrane into future water recycling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A'Lester C Allen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Jaione Romero-Mangado
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, Mountain View , California 94035 , United States.,Science & Technology Corporation , NASA Ames Research Park , Moffett Field, Mountain View , California 94035 , United States
| | - Staci Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Michael Flynn
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, Mountain View , California 94035 , United States
| | - Bin Chen
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, Mountain View , California 94035 , United States
| | - Jin Z Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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33
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34
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Tannert A, Ramoji A, Neugebauer U, Popp J. Photonic monitoring of treatment during infection and sepsis: development of new detection strategies and potential clinical applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:773-790. [PMID: 29214536 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the strong decline in the infection-associated mortality since the development of the first antibiotics, infectious diseases are still a major cause of death in the world. With the rising number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the incidence of deaths caused by infections may increase strongly in the future. Survival rates in sepsis, which occurs when body response to infections becomes uncontrolled, are still very poor if an adequate therapy is not initiated immediately. Therefore, approaches to monitor the treatment efficacy are crucially needed to adapt therapeutic strategies according to the patient's response. An increasing number of photonic technologies are being considered for diagnostic purpose and monitoring of therapeutic response; however many of these strategies have not been introduced into clinical routine, yet. Here, we review photonic strategies to monitor response to treatment in patients with infectious disease, sepsis, and septic shock. We also include some selected approaches for the development of new drugs in animal models as well as new monitoring strategies which might be applicable to evaluate treatment response in humans in the future. Figure Label-free probing of blood properties using photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Tannert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Jena Biophotonics and Imaging Laboratory, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anuradha Ramoji
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Ute Neugebauer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Jena Biophotonics and Imaging Laboratory, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Jena Biophotonics and Imaging Laboratory, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, Germany
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35
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Yan D, Popp J, Frosch T. Analysis of Fiber-Enhanced Raman Gas Sensing Based on Raman Chemical Imaging. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12269-12275. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Physical
Chemistry, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University, Abbe Center of Photonics, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Physical
Chemistry, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University, Abbe Center of Photonics, 07745 Jena, Germany
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36
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Domes C, Domes R, Popp J, Pletz MW, Frosch T. Ultrasensitive Detection of Antiseptic Antibiotics in Aqueous Media and Human Urine Using Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9997-10003. [PMID: 28840713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy is introduced as an analytical tool for ultrasensitive analysis of antibiotics used for empirical treatment of patients with sepsis and septic shock, that is, moxifloxacin, meropenem, and piperacillin in aqueous solution and human urine. By employing the resonant excitation wavelengths λexc = 244 nm and λexc = 257 nm, only a small sample volume and short acquisition times are needed. For a better characterization of the matrix urine, the main ingredients were investigated. The capability of detecting the antibiotics in clinically relevant concentrations in aqueous media (LODs: 13.0 ± 1.4 μM for moxifloxacin, 43.6 ± 10.7 μM for meropenem, and 7.1 ± 0.6 μM for piperacillin) and in urine (LODs: 36.6 ± 11.0 μM for moxifloxacin, and 114.8 ± 3.1 μM for piperacillin) points toward the potential of UV Raman spectroscopy as point-of-care method for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). This procedure enables physicians to achieve fast adequate dosing of antibiotics to improve the outcome of patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Institute for Physical Chemistry, Jena 07743, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Abbe Centre of Photonics, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital , Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Jena 07745, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Institute for Physical Chemistry, Jena 07743, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University , Abbe Centre of Photonics, Jena 07745, Germany
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37
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Kawata S, Ichimura T, Taguchi A, Kumamoto Y. Nano-Raman Scattering Microscopy: Resolution and Enhancement. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4983-5001. [PMID: 28337915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Raman scattering microscopy is becoming one of the hot topics in analytical microscopy as a tool for analyzing advanced nanomaterials, such as biomolecules in a live cell for the study of cellular dynamics, semiconductor devices for characterizing strain distribution and contamination, and nanocarbons and nano-2D materials. In this paper, we review the recent progress in the development of Raman scattering microscopy from the viewpoint of spatial resolution and scattering efficiency. To overcome the extremely small cross section of Raman scattering, we discuss three approaches for the enhancement of scattering efficiency and show that the scattering enhancement synergistically increases the spatial resolution. We discuss the mechanisms of tip-enhanced Raman scattering, deep-UV resonant Raman scattering, and coherent nonlinear Raman scattering for micro- and nanoscope applications. The combinations of these three approaches are also shown as nanometer-resolution Raman scattering microscopy. The critical issues of the structures, materials, and reproducibility of tips and three-dimensionality for TERS; photodegradation for resonant Raman scattering; and laser availability for coherent nonlinear Raman scattering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawata
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taro Ichimura
- Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN , Osaka 565-0874, Japan
| | - Atsushi Taguchi
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kumamoto
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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38
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Liu XL, Ding W, Wang YY, Gao SF, Cao L, Feng X, Wang P. Characterization of a liquid-filled nodeless anti-resonant fiber for biochemical sensing. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:863-866. [PMID: 28198884 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally characterize a liquid-filled nodeless anti-resonant fiber (LARF) that could find versatile applications in biochemical sensing. When a hollow-core nodeless anti-resonant fiber (HARF) is filled with a low refractive index liquid such as water or aqueous solutions in the whole hollow area, it preserves its anti-resonant reflection waveguiding mechanism with attributes encompassing the broad transmission bandwidth in UV, visible, and near IR; the neglectable confinement loss; and the acceptable single-mode quality. In comparison with other forms of hollow fiber, the moderate core size of our ARF allows both a large analyte-light overlap integral and a fast liquid flow rate. Such a LARF platform offers a promising route for creating compact, integrable and biocompatible all-fiber multifunctional optofluidic devices for in-situ applications. A proof-of-concept experiment of Raman spectroscopy using ethanol is presented, and applications in fluorescence spectroscopy, resonant Raman spectroscopy, noninvasive biochemical analysis, and interferometric sensing are in prospect.
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39
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Jochum T, Rahal L, Suckert RJ, Popp J, Frosch T. All-in-one: a versatile gas sensor based on fiber enhanced Raman spectroscopy for monitoring postharvest fruit conservation and ripening. Analyst 2017; 141:2023-9. [PMID: 26882863 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02120k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In today's fruit conservation rooms the ripening of harvested fruit is delayed by precise management of the interior oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. Ethylene (C2H4), a natural plant hormone, is commonly used to trigger fruit ripening shortly before entering the market. Monitoring of these critical process gases, also of the increasingly favored cooling agent ammonia (NH3), is a crucial task in modern postharvest fruit management. The goal of this work was to develop and characterize a gas sensor setup based on fiber enhanced Raman spectroscopy for fast (time resolution of a few minutes) and non-destructive process gas monitoring throughout the complete postharvest production chain encompassing storage and transport in fruit conservation chambers as well as commercial fruit ripening in industrial ripening rooms. Exploiting a micro-structured hollow-core photonic crystal fiber for analyte gas confinement and sensitivity enhancement, the sensor features simultaneous quantification of O2, CO2, NH3 and C2H4 without cross-sensitivity in just one single measurement. Laboratory measurements of typical fruit conservation gas mixtures showed that the sensor is capable of quantifying O2 and CO2 concentration levels with accuracy of 3% or less with respect to reference concentrations. The sensor detected ammonia concentrations, relevant for chemical alarm purposes. Due to the high spectral resolution of the gas sensor, ethylene could be quantified simultaneously with O2 and CO2 in a multi-component mixture. These results indicate that fiber enhanced Raman sensors have a potential to become universally usable on-site gas sensors for controlled atmosphere applications in postharvest fruit management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Jochum
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Leila Rahal
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany and Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany and Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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40
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41
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Domes R, Domes C, Albert CR, Bringmann G, Popp J, Frosch T. Vibrational spectroscopic characterization of arylisoquinolines by means of Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29918-29926. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Seven new AIQ antimalarial agents were investigated using FT-NIR and deep-UV resonance Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
- Jena
- Germany
| | | | | | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Julius-Maximilians University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
- Jena
- Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University
- Institute for Physical Chemistry
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
- Jena
- Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University
- Institute for Physical Chemistry
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42
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Butler HJ, Ashton L, Bird B, Cinque G, Curtis K, Dorney J, Esmonde-White K, Fullwood NJ, Gardner B, Martin-Hirsch PL, Walsh MJ, McAinsh MR, Stone N, Martin FL. Using Raman spectroscopy to characterize biological materials. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:664-87. [PMID: 26963630 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 626] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy can be used to measure the chemical composition of a sample, which can in turn be used to extract biological information. Many materials have characteristic Raman spectra, which means that Raman spectroscopy has proven to be an effective analytical approach in geology, semiconductor, materials and polymer science fields. The application of Raman spectroscopy and microscopy within biology is rapidly increasing because it can provide chemical and compositional information, but it does not typically suffer from interference from water molecules. Analysis does not conventionally require extensive sample preparation; biochemical and structural information can usually be obtained without labeling. In this protocol, we aim to standardize and bring together multiple experimental approaches from key leaders in the field for obtaining Raman spectra using a microspectrometer. As examples of the range of biological samples that can be analyzed, we provide instructions for acquiring Raman spectra, maps and images for fresh plant tissue, formalin-fixed and fresh frozen mammalian tissue, fixed cells and biofluids. We explore a robust approach for sample preparation, instrumentation, acquisition parameters and data processing. By using this approach, we expect that a typical Raman experiment can be performed by a nonspecialist user to generate high-quality data for biological materials analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly J Butler
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,Centre for Global Eco-Innovation, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Lorna Ashton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - Gianfelice Cinque
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Kelly Curtis
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jennifer Dorney
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Karen Esmonde-White
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nigel J Fullwood
- Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Benjamin Gardner
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Pierre L Martin-Hirsch
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Michael J Walsh
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Martin R McAinsh
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Nicholas Stone
- Biophotonics Research Unit, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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43
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Fiber-enhanced Raman multi-gas spectroscopy: what is the potential of its application to breath analysis? Bioanalysis 2015; 7:281-4. [PMID: 25697186 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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44
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Neugebauer U, Rösch P, Popp J. Raman spectroscopy towards clinical application: drug monitoring and pathogen identification. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 46 Suppl 1:S35-9. [PMID: 26612228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a label-free method that measures quickly and contactlessly, providing detailed information from the sample, and has proved to be an ideal tool for medical and life science research. In this review, recent advances of the technique towards drug monitoring and pathogen identification by the Jena Research Groups are reviewed. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy in hollow-core optical fibres enable the detection of drugs at low concentrations as shown for the metabolites of the immunosuppressive drug 6-mercaptopurine as well as antimalarial agents. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy can be used to characterise pathogenic bacteria in infectious diseases directly from body fluids, making time-consuming cultivation processes dispensable. Using the example of urinary tract infection, it is shown how bacteria can be identified from patients' urine samples within <1 h. The methods cover both single-cell analysis and dielectrophoretic capturing of bacteria in suspension. The latter method could also be used for fast (<3.5 h) identification of antibiotic resistance as shown exemplarily for vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Neugebauer
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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Brückner M, Becker K, Popp J, Frosch T. Fiber array based hyperspectral Raman imaging for chemical selective analysis of malaria-infected red blood cells. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 894:76-84. [PMID: 26423630 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new setup for Raman spectroscopic wide-field imaging is presented. It combines the advantages of a fiber array based spectral translator with a tailor-made laser illumination system for high-quality Raman chemical imaging of sensitive biological samples. The Gaussian-like intensity distribution of the illuminating laser beam is shaped by a square-core optical multimode fiber to a top-hat profile with very homogeneous intensity distribution to fulfill the conditions of Koehler. The 30 m long optical fiber and an additional vibrator efficiently destroy the polarization and coherence of the illuminating light. This homogeneous, incoherent illumination is an essential prerequisite for stable quantitative imaging of complex biological samples. The fiber array translates the two-dimensional lateral information of the Raman stray light into separated spectral channels with very high contrast. The Raman image can be correlated with a corresponding white light microscopic image of the sample. The new setup enables simultaneous quantification of all Raman spectra across the whole spatial area with very good spectral resolution and thus outperforms other Raman imaging approaches based on scanning and tunable filters. The unique capabilities of the setup for fast, gentle, sensitive, and selective chemical imaging of biological samples were applied for automated hemozoin analysis. A special algorithm was developed to generate Raman images based on the hemozoin distribution in red blood cells without any influence from other Raman scattering. The new imaging setup in combination with the robust algorithm provides a novel, elegant way for chemical selective analysis of the malaria pigment hemozoin in early ring stages of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katja Becker
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Physical Chemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Abbe Centre of Photonics, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Physical Chemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Abbe Centre of Photonics, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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Keiner R, Frosch T, Massad T, Trumbore S, Popp J. Enhanced Raman multigas sensing - a novel tool for control and analysis of (13)CO(2) labeling experiments in environmental research. Analyst 2015; 139:3879-84. [PMID: 24791270 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01971c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cavity-enhanced Raman multigas spectrometry is introduced as a versatile technique for monitoring of (13)CO2 isotope labeling experiments, while simultaneously quantifying the fluxes of O2 and other relevant gases across a wide range of concentrations. The multigas analysis was performed in a closed cycle; no gas was consumed, and the gas composition was not altered by the measurement. Isotope labeling of plant metabolites via photosynthetic uptake of (13)CO2 enables the investigation of resource flows in plants and is now an important tool in ecophysiological studies. In this experiment the (13)C labeling of monoclonal cuttings of Populus trichocarpa was undertaken. The high time resolution of the online multigas analysis allowed precise control of the pulse labeling and was exploited to calculate the kinetics of photosynthetic (13)CO2 uptake and to extrapolate the exact value of the (13)CO2 peak concentration in the labeling chamber. Further, the leaf dark respiration of immature and mature leaves was analyzed. The quantification of the photosynthetic O2 production rate as a byproduct of the (13)CO2 uptake correlated with the amount of available light and the leaf area of the plants in the labeling chamber. The ability to acquire CO2 and O2 respiration rates simultaneously also simplifies the determination of respiratory quotients (rate of O2 uptake compared to CO2 release) and thus indicates the type of combusted substrate. By combining quantification of respiration quotients with the tracing of (13)C in plants, cavity enhanced Raman spectroscopy adds a valuable new tool for studies of metabolism at the organismal to ecosystem scale.
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Paudel A, Raijada D, Rantanen J. Raman spectroscopy in pharmaceutical product design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 89:3-20. [PMID: 25868453 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Almost 100 years after the discovery of the Raman scattering phenomenon, related analytical techniques have emerged as important tools in biomedical sciences. Raman spectroscopy and microscopy are frontier, non-invasive analytical techniques amenable for diverse biomedical areas, ranging from molecular-based drug discovery, design of innovative drug delivery systems and quality control of finished products. This review presents concise accounts of various conventional and emerging Raman instrumentations including associated hyphenated tools of pharmaceutical interest. Moreover, relevant application cases of Raman spectroscopy in early and late phase pharmaceutical development, process analysis and micro-structural analysis of drug delivery systems are introduced. Finally, potential areas of future advancement and application of Raman spectroscopic techniques are discussed.
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Hartung A, Kobelke J, Schwuchow A, Bierlich J, Popp J, Schmidt MA, Frosch T. Low-loss single-mode guidance in large-core antiresonant hollow-core fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:3432-3435. [PMID: 26176487 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.003432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach how to combine large-mode field diameters with effective single-mode guidance in a hollow-core antiresonant optical fiber. We demonstrate experimentally and in simulations that single-mode guidance is achieved in a simplified hollow-core fiber design with a core diameter of 30 μm by shifting the effective indices of the first cladding modes close to those of higher order core modes. Our fiber shows low loss propagation and effective single-mode operation from the near infrared to deep ultraviolet wavelengths down to 270 nm on a loss level of approximately 3 dB/m.
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Kröckel L, Frosch T, Schmidt MA. Multiscale spectroscopy using a monolithic liquid core waveguide with laterally attached fiber ports. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 875:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jochum T, Michalzik B, Bachmann A, Popp J, Frosch T. Microbial respiration and natural attenuation of benzene contaminated soils investigated by cavity enhanced Raman multi-gas spectroscopy. Analyst 2015; 140:3143-9. [PMID: 25751376 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00091b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soil and groundwater contamination with benzene can cause serious environmental damage. However, many soil microorganisms are capable to adapt and are known to strongly control the fate of organic contamination. Innovative cavity enhanced Raman multi-gas spectroscopy (CERS) was applied to investigate the short-term response of the soil micro-flora to sudden surface contamination with benzene regarding the temporal variations of gas products and their exchange rates with the adjacent atmosphere. (13)C-labeled benzene was spiked on a silty-loamy soil column in order to track and separate the changes in heterotrophic soil respiration - involving (12)CO2 and O2- from the natural attenuation process of benzene degradation to ultimately form (13)CO2. The respiratory quotient (RQ) decreased from a value 0.98 to 0.46 directly after the spiking and increased again within 33 hours to a value of 0.72. This coincided with the maximum (13)CO2 concentration rate (0.63 μmol m(-2) s(-1)), indicating the highest benzene degradation at 33 hours after the spiking event. The diffusion of benzene in the headspace and the biodegradation into (13)CO2 were simultaneously monitored and 12 days after the benzene spiking no measurable degradation was detected anymore. The RQ finally returned to a value of 0.96 demonstrating the reestablished aerobic respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Jochum
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.
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