1
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Badoni S, Terlecki M, Carret S, Poisson JF, Charpentier T, Okuno H, Wolska-Pietkiewicz M, Lee D, Lewiński J, De Paëpe G. Atomic-Level Structure of the Organic-Inorganic Interface of Colloidal ZnO Nanoplatelets from Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:27655-27667. [PMID: 39321384 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c09113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) have emerged as a new class of nanomaterials that can exhibit substantially distinct optical properties compared to those of isotropic quantum dots, which makes them prime candidates for new-generation optoelectronic devices. Insights into the structure and anisotropic growth of NPLs can offer a blueprint for their controlled fabrication. Here, we present an atomic-level investigation of the organic-inorganic interface structure in ultrathin and stable benzamidine (bza)-supported ZnO NPLs prepared by the modified one-pot self-supporting organometallic approach. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis showed a well-faceted hexagonal shape of ZnO NPLs with lateral surfaces terminated by nonpolar (101̅0) facets. The basal surfaces are flat and well-formed on one side and corrugated on the other side, which indicates that the layer-by-layer growth in the thickness of the NPLs likely occurs only in one direction via the expansion of 2D islands on the surface. The ligand coordination modes were elucidated using state-of-the-art dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy supported by density functional theory chemical shift calculations. Specifically, it was found that (101̅0) nonpolar facets are stabilized by neutral L-type bza-H ligands with hydrogen bond-supported η1-coordination mode, while polar (0001) and (0001̅) facets are covered by μ2-coordinated X-type anionic bza ligands with different conformations of aromatic rings. Moreover, the ligand packing on (101̅0) lateral facets was determined using 13C natural abundance (∼1.1%) homonuclear dipolar correlation experiments. Overall, an in-depth understanding of the growth mechanism and the unique bimodal X-type/L-type ligand coordination shell of ZnO NPLs is provided, which will facilitate further design of anisotropic nano-objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Badoni
- CEA, IRIG-MEM, Universite Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michał Terlecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Thibault Charpentier
- CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, CEA Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 Cedex, France
| | - Hanako Okuno
- CEA, IRIG-MEM, Universite Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Daniel Lee
- CEA, IRIG-MEM, Universite Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- CEA, IRIG-MEM, Universite Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
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2
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Steinberg Y, Sebti E, Moroz IB, Zohar A, Jardón-Álvarez D, Bendikov T, Maity A, Carmieli R, Clément RJ, Leskes M. Composition and Structure of the solid electrolyte interphase on Na-Ion Anodes Revealed by Exo- and Endogenous Dynamic Nuclear Polarization─NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:24476-24492. [PMID: 39169891 PMCID: PMC11378293 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Sodium ion batteries (SIB) are among the most promising devices for large scale energy storage. Their stable and long-term performance depends on the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), a nanosized, heterogeneous and disordered layer, formed due to degradation of the electrolyte at the anode surface. The chemical and structural properties of the SEI control the charge transfer process at the electrode-electrolyte interface, thus, there is great interest in determining these properties for understanding, and ultimately controlling, SEI functionality. However, the study of the SEI is notoriously challenging due to its heterogeneous nature and minute quantity. In this work, we present a powerful approach for probing the SEI based on solid state NMR spectroscopy with increased sensitivity from dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). Utilizing exogenous (organic radicals) and endogenous (paramagnetic metal ion dopants) DNP sources, we obtain not only a detailed compositional map of the SEI but also, for the first time for the native SEI, determine the spatial distribution of its constituent phases. Using this approach, we perform a thorough investigation of the SEI formed on Li4Ti5O12 used as a SIB anode. We identify a compositional gradient, from organic phases at the electrolyte interface to inorganic phases toward the anode surface. We find that the use of fluoroethylene carbonate as an electrolyte additive leads to performance degradation which can be attributed to formation of a thicker SEI, rich in NaF and carbonates. We expect that this methodology can be extended to examine other titanate anodes and new electrolyte compositions, offering a unique tool for SEI investigations to enable the development of effective and long-lasting SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Steinberg
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Elias Sebti
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ilia B Moroz
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Arava Zohar
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Daniel Jardón-Álvarez
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Tatyana Bendikov
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Ayan Maity
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
| | - Raphaële J Clément
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761000, Israel
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3
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Arachchi S, Palma SP, Sanders CI, Xu H, Ghosh Biswas R, Soong R, Simpson AJ, Casabianca LB. Binding Between Antibiotics and Polystyrene Nanoparticles Examined by NMR. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2022; 3:47-55. [PMID: 36691656 PMCID: PMC9856636 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the interactions between plastic nanoparticles and small molecules is important to understanding these interactions as they occur in polluted waterways. For example, plastic that breaks down into micro- and nanoscale particles will interact with small molecule pollutants that are also present in contaminated waters. Other components of natural water, such as dissolved organic matter, will also influence these interactions. Here we use a collection of complementary NMR techniques to examine the binding between polystyrene nanoparticles and three common antibiotics, belonging to a class of molecules that are expected to be common in polluted water. Through examination of proton NMR signal intensity, relaxation times, saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR, and competition STD-NMR, we find that the antibiotics have binding strengths in the order amoxicillin < metronidazole ≪ levofloxacin. Levofloxacin is able to compete for binding sites, preventing the other two antibiotics from binding. The presence of tannic acid disrupts the binding between levofloxacin and the polystyrene nanoparticles, but does not influence the binding between metronidazole and these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saduni
S. Arachchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Stephanie P. Palma
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Charlotte I. Sanders
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Hui Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Rajshree Ghosh Biswas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, OntarioM1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, OntarioM1C 1A4, Canada
| | - André J. Simpson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, OntarioM1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Leah B. Casabianca
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States,
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4
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Krajewska K, Gołkowska AM, Nowak M, Kozakiewicz-Latała M, Pudło W, Żak A, Karolewicz B, Khimyak YZ, Nartowski KP. Molecular Level Characterisation of the Surface of Carbohydrate-Functionalised Mesoporous silica Nanoparticles (MSN) as a Potential Targeted Drug Delivery System via High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115906. [PMID: 35682585 PMCID: PMC9180545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomistic level characterisation of external surface species of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) poses a significant analytical challenge due to the inherently low content of grafted ligands. This study proposes the use of HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy for a molecular level characterisation of the external surface of carbohydrate-functionalised nanoparticles. MSN differing in size (32 nm, 106 nm, 220 nm) were synthesised using the sol-gel method. The synthesised materials displayed narrow particle size distribution (based on DLS and TEM results) and a hexagonal arrangement of the pores with a diameter of ca. 3 nm as investigated with PXRD and N2 physisorption. The surface of the obtained nanoparticles was functionalised with galactose and lactose using reductive amination as confirmed by FTIR and NMR techniques. The functionalisation of the particles surface did not alter the pore architecture, structure or morphology of the materials as confirmed with TEM imaging. HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy was used for the first time to investigate the structure of the functionalised MSN suspended in D2O. Furthermore, lactose was successfully attached to the silica without breaking the glycosidic bond. The results demonstrate that HR-MAS NMR can provide detailed structural information on the organic functionalities attached at the external surface of MSN within short experimental times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Krajewska
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Anna M. Gołkowska
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Maciej Nowak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Marta Kozakiewicz-Latała
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Wojciech Pudło
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 7 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Żak
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Yaroslav Z. Khimyak
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Karol P. Nartowski
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-05-69
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5
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Segura Lecina O, Hope MA, Venkatesh A, Björgvinsdóttir S, Rossi K, Loiudice A, Emsley L, Buonsanti R. Colloidal-ALD-Grown Hybrid Shells Nucleate via a Ligand-Precursor Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3998-4008. [PMID: 35195415 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal atomic layer deposition (c-ALD) enables the growth of hybrid organic-inorganic oxide shells with tunable thickness at the nanometer scale around ligand-functionalized inorganic nanoparticles (NPs). This recently developed method has demonstrated improved stability of NPs and of their dispersions, a key requirement for their application. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the inorganic shells form is still unknown, as is the nature of multiple complex interfaces between the NPs, the organic ligands functionalizing the surface, and the shell. Here, we demonstrate that carboxylate ligands are the key element that enables the synthesis of these core-shell structures. Dynamic nuclear polarization surface-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DNP SENS) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) structure calculations shows that the addition of the aluminum organometallic precursor forms a ligand-precursor complex that interacts with the NP surface. This ligand-precursor complex is the first step for the nucleation of the shell and enables its further growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ona Segura Lecina
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Michael A Hope
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amrit Venkatesh
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Snædís Björgvinsdóttir
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Rossi
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
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6
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Perras FA, Kanbur U, Paterson AL, Chatterjee P, Slowing II, Sadow AD. Determining the Three-Dimensional Structures of Silica-Supported Metal Complexes from the Ground Up. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:1067-1078. [PMID: 34962783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of molecularly precise metal complexes to substrates, such as silica, provides an attractive platform for the design of active sites in heterogeneous catalysts. Specific steric and electronic variations of the ligand environment enable the development of structure-activity relationships and the knowledge-driven design of catalysts. At present, however, the three-dimensional environment of the precatalyst, much less the active site, is generally not known for heterogeneous single-site catalysts. We explored the degree to which NMR-based surface-to-complex interatomic distances could be used to solve the three-dimensional structures of three silica-supported metal complexes. The structure solution revealed unexpected features related to the environment around the metal that would be difficult to discern otherwise. This approach appears to be highly robust and, due to its simplicity, is readily applied to most single-site catalysts with little extra effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uddhav Kanbur
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Puranjan Chatterjee
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Igor I Slowing
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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7
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Aguado-Deblas L, Estevez R, Lopez-Tenllado F, Luna D, Bautista F. Sulfonated organosilica-aluminum phosphates as useful catalysts for acid-catalyzed reactions: Insights into the effect of synthesis parameters on the final catalyst. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Basu S, Hajra A, Chattopadhyay A. An ambient complexation reaction of zinc acetate and ascorbic acid leads to a new form of nanoscale particles with emergent optical properties. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3298-3305. [PMID: 36133667 PMCID: PMC9418584 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the formation of nanoscale particles from the complexation reaction between zinc acetate and ascorbic acid under ambient conditions and in an aqueous medium. The reaction led to the formation of a molecular complex with the formula Zn x (AA) y (OAc) z (x, y, and z = possible smallest positive integer) with AA meaning ascorbate, based on the mass spectrometry results. Following this, the formation of luminescent nanoscale particles - the size of which increased with time - was observed. During 24 h of observation, the sizes increased to about 50 nm in the presence of different sizes at all times. Transmission electron microscopy results also indicated the formation of polycrystalline as well as amorphous nanoparticles in the medium. Further, the appearance of a UV absorption peak at 380 nm and photoluminescence peak at 473 nm marked the formation of the nanoparticles. The luminescence was also observed to be wavelength tuneable. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy results also supported the formation of a molecular complex with the above formula. The present work highlights the importance of emergent properties of nanoscale molecular materials for crystallization. Also, the present discovery is expected to contribute to the development of safe nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srestha Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
| | - Archismita Hajra
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
| | - Arun Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
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9
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The identification of synthetic cannabinoids surface coated on herbal substrates using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1104:105-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Kumar A, Durand H, Zeno E, Balsollier C, Watbled B, Sillard C, Fort S, Baussanne I, Belgacem N, Lee D, Hediger S, Demeunynck M, Bras J, De Paëpe G. The surface chemistry of a nanocellulose drug carrier unravelled by MAS-DNP. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3868-3877. [PMID: 34122855 PMCID: PMC8152408 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06312a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are renewable bio-based materials with high specific area, which makes them ideal candidates for multiple emerging applications including for instance on-demand drug release. However, in-depth chemical and structural characterization of the CNF surface chemistry is still an open challenge, especially for low weight percentage of functionalization. This currently prevents the development of efficient, cost-effective and reproducible green synthetic routes and thus the widespread development of targeted and responsive drug-delivery CNF carriers. We show in this work how we use dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to overcome the sensitivity limitation of conventional solid-state NMR and gain insight into the surface chemistry of drug-functionalized TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils. The DNP enhanced-NMR data can report unambiguously on the presence of trace amounts of TEMPO moieties and depolymerized cellulosic units in the starting material, as well as coupling agents on the CNFs surface (used in the heterogeneous reaction). This enables a precise estimation of the drug loading while differentiating adsorption from covalent bonding (∼1 wt% in our case) as opposed to other analytical techniques such as elemental analysis and conductometric titration that can neither detect the presence of coupling agents, nor differentiate unambiguously between adsorption and grafting. The approach, which does not rely on the use of 13C/15N enriched compounds, will be key to further develop efficient surface chemistry routes and has direct implication for the development of drug delivery applications both in terms of safety and dosage. DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR unravels the surface chemistry of functionalized nanocellulose.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kumar
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-MEM Grenoble France
| | | | - Elisa Zeno
- Centre Technique du Papier (CTP) Grenoble France
| | - Cyril Balsollier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV Grenoble France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM Grenoble France
| | | | - Cecile Sillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LGP2 Grenoble France
| | | | | | - Naceur Belgacem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LGP2 Grenoble France
| | - Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-MEM Grenoble France
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-MEM Grenoble France
| | | | - Julien Bras
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LGP2 Grenoble France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-MEM Grenoble France
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11
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Gericke R, Gondek C, Stapf A, Wagler J, Kroke E, Brendler E. Convenient two step synthesis of 29Si labelled tetraalkoxysilanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13631-13633. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05525e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Starting from silicon dioxide or silicon a scalable, reliable synthesis of 29Si enriched tetraethoxysilane, an essential sol–gel precursor, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gericke
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Christoph Gondek
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - André Stapf
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Jörg Wagler
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Erica Brendler
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
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12
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Lee D, Wolska‐Pietkiewicz M, Badoni S, Grala A, Lewiński J, De Paëpe G. Disclosing Interfaces of ZnO Nanocrystals Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization: Sol‐Gel versus Organometallic Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM 38000 Grenoble France
| | | | - Saumya Badoni
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Agnieszka Grala
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty of ChemistryWarsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM 38000 Grenoble France
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13
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Lee D, Wolska-Pietkiewicz M, Badoni S, Grala A, Lewiński J, De Paëpe G. Disclosing Interfaces of ZnO Nanocrystals Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization: Sol-Gel versus Organometallic Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17163-17168. [PMID: 31482605 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The unambiguous characterization of the coordination chemistry of nanocrystal surfaces produced by wet-chemical synthesis presently remains highly challenging. Here, zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) coated by monoanionic diphenyl phosphate (DPP) ligands were derived by a sol-gel process and a one-pot self-supporting organometallic (OSSOM) procedure. Atomic-scale characterization through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP-)enhanced solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy has notably enabled resolving their vastly different surface-ligand interfaces. For the OSSOM-derived NCs, DPP moieties form stable and strongly-anchored μ2 - and μ3 -bridging-ligand pairs that are resistant to competitive ligand exchange. The sol-gel-derived NCs contain a wide variety of coordination modes of DPP ligands and a ligand exchange process takes place between DPP and glycerol molecules. This highlights the power of DNP-enhanced ssNMR for detailed NC surface analysis and of the OSSOM approach for the preparation of ZnO NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Saumya Badoni
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Agnieszka Grala
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
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14
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Hanrahan MP, Chen Y, Blome-Fernández R, Stein JL, Pach GF, Adamson MAS, Neale NR, Cossairt BM, Vela J, Rossini AJ. Probing the Surface Structure of Semiconductor Nanoparticles by DNP SENS with Dielectric Support Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15532-15546. [PMID: 31456398 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface characterization is crucial for understanding how the atomic-level structure affects the chemical and photophysical properties of semiconducting nanoparticles (NPs). Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is potentially a powerful technique for the characterization of the surface of NPs, but it is hindered by poor sensitivity. Dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS) has previously been demonstrated to enhance the sensitivity of surface-selective solid-state NMR experiments by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Established sample preparations for DNP SENS experiments on NPs require the dilution of the NPs on mesoporous silica. Using hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) to disperse the NPs doubles DNP enhancements and absolute sensitivity in comparison to standard protocols with mesoporous silica. Alternatively, precipitating the NPs as powders, mixing them with h-BN, and then impregnating the powdered mixture with radical solution leads to further 4-fold sensitivity enhancements by increasing the concentration of NPs in the final sample. This modified procedure provides a factor of 9 improvement in NMR sensitivity in comparison to previously established DNP SENS procedures, enabling challenging homonuclear and heteronuclear 2D NMR experiments on CdS, Si, and Cd3P2 NPs. These experiments allow NMR signals from the surface, subsurface, and core sites to be observed and assigned. For example, we demonstrate the acquisition of DNP-enhanced 2D 113Cd-113Cd correlation NMR experiments on CdS NPs and natural isotropic abundance 2D 13C-29Si HETCOR of functionalized Si NPs. These experiments provide a critical understanding of NP surface structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Hanrahan
- Iowa State University , Department of Chemistry , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Yunhua Chen
- Iowa State University , Department of Chemistry , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | | | - Jennifer L Stein
- University of Washington , Department of Chemistry , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gregory F Pach
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Marquix A S Adamson
- Iowa State University , Department of Chemistry , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Nathan R Neale
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- University of Washington , Department of Chemistry , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Javier Vela
- Iowa State University , Department of Chemistry , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Iowa State University , Department of Chemistry , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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15
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Rankin AGM, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:116-143. [PMID: 31189121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field B0 ≥ 5 T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high B0 field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis, optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G M Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231, Paris, France.
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16
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Duong NT, Trébosc J, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Improved sensitivity and quantification for 29Si NMR experiments on solids using UDEFT (Uniform Driven Equilibrium Fourier Transform). SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 100:52-62. [PMID: 30959243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the possibility to use UDEFT (Uniform Driven Equilibrium Fourier Transform) technique in order to improve the sensitivity and the quantification of one-dimensional 29Si NMR experiments under magic-angle spinning (MAS). We derive an analytical expression of the signal-to-noise ratios of UDEFT and single-pulse (SP) experiments subsuming the contributions of transient and steady-state regimes. Using numerical spin dynamics simulations and experiments on 29Si-enriched amorphous silica and borosilicate glass, we show that 59180298059180 refocusing composite π-pulse and the adiabatic inversion using tanh/tan modulation improve the robustness of UDEFT technique to rf-inhomogeneity, offset, and chemical shift anisotropy. These pulses combined with a two-step phase cycle limit the pulse imperfections and the artifacts produced by stimulated echoes. The sensitivity of SP, UDEFT and CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill) techniques are experimentally compared on functionalized and non-functionalized mesoporous silica. Furthermore, experiments on a flame retardant material prove that UDEFT technique provides a better quantification of 29Si sites with higher sensitivity than SP method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghia Tuan Duong
- Univ. Lille, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, CNRS-8181, UCCS - Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, CNRS-8181, UCCS - Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, CNRS-8181, UCCS - Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, CNRS-8181, UCCS - Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France.
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17
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Kobayashi T, Pruski M. Spatial Distribution of Silica-Bound Catalytic Organic Functional Groups Can Now Be Revealed by Conventional and DNP-Enhanced Solid-State NMR Methods. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kobayashi
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Marek Pruski
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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18
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Sun Y, Kunc F, Balhara V, Coleman B, Kodra O, Raza M, Chen M, Brinkmann A, Lopinski GP, Johnston LJ. Quantification of amine functional groups on silica nanoparticles: a multi-method approach. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1598-1607. [PMID: 36132607 PMCID: PMC9417554 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00016j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface chemistry is an important factor for quality control during production of nanomaterials and for controlling their behavior in applications and when released into the environment. Here we report a comparison of four methods for quantifying amine functional groups on silica nanoparticles (NPs). Two colorimetric assays are examined, ninhydrin and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, which are convenient for routine analysis and report on reagent accessible amines. Results from the study of a range of commercial NPs with different sizes and surface loadings show that the assays account for 50-100% of the total amine content, as determined by dissolution of NPs under basic conditions and quantification by solution-state 1H NMR. To validate the surface quantification by the colorimetric assays, the NPs are modified with a trifluoromethylated benzaldehyde probe to enhance sensitivity for quantitative 19F solid state NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Good agreement between the assays and the determination from solid-state NMR is reinforced by elemental ratios from XPS, which indicate that in most cases the difference between total and accessible amine content reflects amines that are outside the depth probed by XPS. Overall the combined results serve to validate the relatively simple colorimetric assays and indicate that the reactions are efficient at quantifying surface amines, by contrast to some other covalent modifications that have been employed for functional group quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Filip Kunc
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Vinod Balhara
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Brian Coleman
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Oltion Kodra
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Mohammad Raza
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Maohui Chen
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
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19
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Zhao EW, Maligal-Ganesh R, Mentink-Vigier F, Zhao TY, Du Y, Pei Y, Huang W, Bowers CR. Atomic-Scale Structure of Mesoporous Silica-Encapsulated Pt and PtSn Nanoparticles Revealed by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization- Enhanced 29Si MAS NMR Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2019; 123:7299-7307. [PMID: 31186824 PMCID: PMC6558955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica encapsulated Pt (Pt@mSiO2) and PtSn (PtSn@mSiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are representatives of a novel class of heterogeneous catalysts with uniform particle size, enhanced catalytic properties, and superior thermal stability. In the ship-in-a-bottle synthesis, PtSn@mSiO2 intermetallic NPs are derived from Pt@mSiO2 seeds where the mSiO2 shell is formed by polymerization of tetraethyl orthosilicate around a tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide template, a surfactant used to template MCM-41. Incorporation of Sn into the Pt@mSiO2 seeds is accommodated by chemical etching of the mSiO2 shell. The effect of this etching on the atomic-scale structure of the mSiO2 has not been previously examined, nor has the extent of the structural similarity to MCM-41. Here, the quaternary Q2, Q3 and Q4 sites corresponding to formulas Si(O1/2)2(OH)2, Si(O1/2)3(OH)1 and Si(O1/2)4, in MCM-41 and the mesoporous silica of Pt@mSiO2 and PtSn@mSiO2 NPs were identified and quantified by conventional and dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced Si-29 Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (DNP MAS NMR). The connectivity of the -Si-O-Si-network was revealed by DNP enhanced two-dimensional 29Si-29Si correlation spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida, 32611 United States
- Correspondence to:
, ,
| | | | | | - Tommy Yunpu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida, 32611 United States
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida, 32611 United States
| | - Yuchen Pei
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa,
50011 United States
| | - Wenyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa,
50011 United States
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa
50011 United States
- Correspondence to:
, ,
| | - Clifford Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida, 32611 United States
- Correspondence to:
, ,
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20
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Richards JE, Hooper AJJ, Bayfield OW, Cockett MCR, Dear GJ, Holmes AJ, John RO, Mewis RE, Pridmore N, Roberts AD, Whitwood AC, Duckett SB. Using hyperpolarised NMR and DFT to rationalise the unexpected hydrogenation of quinazoline to 3,4-dihydroquinazoline. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10375-10378. [PMID: 30152480 PMCID: PMC6136267 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04826f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PHIP and SABRE hyperpolarized NMR methods are used to follow the unexpected metal-catalysed hydrogenation of quinazoline (Qu) to 3,4-dihydroquinazoline as the sole product. A solution of [IrCl(IMes)(COD)] in dichloromethane reacts with H2 and Qu to form [IrCl(H)2(IMes)(Qu)2] (2). The addition of methanol then results in its conversion to [Ir(H)2(IMes)(Qu)3]Cl (3) which catalyses the hydrogenation reaction. Density functional theory calculations are used to rationalise a proposed outer sphere mechanism in which (3) converts to [IrCl(H)2(H2)(IMes)(Qu)2]Cl (4) and neutral [Ir(H)3(IMes)(Qu)2] (6), both of which are involved in the formation of 3,4-dihydroquinazoline via the stepwise transfer of H+ and H-, with H2 identified as the reductant. Successive ligand exchange in 3 results in the production of thermodynamically stable [Ir(H)2(IMes)(3,4-dihydroquinazoline)3]Cl (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh E. Richards
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Alexander J. J. Hooper
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Oliver W. Bayfield
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Martin C. R. Cockett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Gordon J. Dear
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd
, Park Road
,
Ware
, Hertfordshire
SG12 0DP
, UK
| | - A. Jonathon Holmes
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Richard O. John
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Ryan E. Mewis
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Natalie Pridmore
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Andy D. Roberts
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd
, Park Road
,
Ware
, Hertfordshire
SG12 0DP
, UK
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York
YO10 5NY
, UK
.
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21
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Rossini AJ. Materials Characterization by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5150-5159. [PMID: 30107121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the study of organic and inorganic materials because it can directly probe the symmetry and structure at nuclear sites, the connectivity/bonding of atoms and precisely measure interatomic distances. However, NMR spectroscopy is hampered by intrinsically poor sensitivity; consequently, the application of NMR spectroscopy to many solid materials is often infeasible. High-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has emerged as a technique to routinely enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments by 1-3 orders of magnitude. This Perspective gives a general overview of how DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy can be applied to a variety of inorganic and organic materials. DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR experiments provide unique insights into the molecular structure, which makes it possible to form structure-activity relationships that ultimately assist in the rational design and improvement of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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22
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Jin Y, Kneusels NJH, Marbella LE, Castillo-Martínez E, Magusin PCMM, Weatherup RS, Jónsson E, Liu T, Paul S, Grey CP. Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9854-9867. [PMID: 29979869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are widely used as electrolyte additives in lithium ion batteries. Here we analyze the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on binder-free silicon nanowire (SiNW) electrodes in pure FEC or VC electrolytes containing 1 M LiPF6 by solid-state NMR with and without dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhancement. We find that the polymeric SEIs formed in pure FEC or VC electrolytes consist mainly of cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and aliphatic chain functionalities along with additional carbonate and carboxylate species. The formation of branched fragments is further confirmed by 13C-13C correlation NMR experiments. The presence of cross-linked PEO-type polymers in FEC and VC correlates with good capacity retention and high Coulombic efficiencies of the SiNWs. Using 29Si DNP NMR, we are able to probe the interfacial region between SEI and the Si surface for the first time with NMR spectroscopy. Organosiloxanes form upon cycling, confirming that some of the organic SEI is covalently bonded to the Si surface. We suggest that both the polymeric structure of the SEI and the nature of its adhesion to the redox-active materials are important for electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Jin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Nis-Julian H Kneusels
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Lauren E Marbella
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | | | - Pieter C M M Magusin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Robert S Weatherup
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Erlendur Jónsson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom.,Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , 41296 , Sweden
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Subhradip Paul
- DNP MAS NMR Facility, Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre , University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
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23
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Björgvinsdóttir S, Walder BJ, Pinon AC, Emsley L. Bulk Nuclear Hyperpolarization of Inorganic Solids by Relay from the Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7946-7951. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snædís Björgvinsdóttir
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brennan J. Walder
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arthur C. Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Kumari B, John D, Hoffmann P, Spende A, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Hess C, Ruff P, Schulze M, Stark R, Buntkowsky G, Andrieu-Brunsen A, Gutmann T. Surface Enhanced DNP Assisted Solid-State NMR of Functionalized SiO2 Coated Polycarbonate Membranes. Z PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Surface enhanced solid-state NMR by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP SENS) enables the characterization of the inner-pore surface functionalization of porous etched ion-track membranes exhibiting low specific surface areas compared to typical SBA- or MCM-type mesoporous silica materials. The membranes were conformally coated with a 5 nm thin SiO2 layer by atomic layer deposition. This layer was subsequently modified by aminopropyl silane linkers that allow further functionalization via the terminal amine group. The results evidence that in principle DNP SENS is a capable tool to analyze more complex porous systems, e.g. bioinspired functional etched ion-track membranes down to the molecular level. These results are relevant also for single nanopore systems, for which a direct analysis of the channel surface functionalization is not feasible by classical characterization methods. The applicability of DNP SENS to complex porous systems requires the optimization of the sample preparation and measurement parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Kumari
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Daniel John
- Ernst-Berl Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Paul Hoffmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Anne Spende
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Philip Ruff
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Marcus Schulze
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science and Center of Smart Interfaces , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Robert Stark
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science and Center of Smart Interfaces , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
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25
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Liao WC, Ghaffari B, Gordon CP, Xu J, Copéret C. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS): Principles, protocols, and practice. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Perras FA, Boteju KC, Slowing II, Sadow AD, Pruski M. Direct 17O dynamic nuclear polarization of single-site heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3472-3475. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct DNP is shown to effectively enhance 17O signals from non-protonated binding sites for surface-supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE
- Ames Laboratory
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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27
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Smeets S, Berkson ZJ, Xie D, Zones SI, Wan W, Zou X, Hsieh MF, Chmelka BF, McCusker LB, Baerlocher C. Well-Defined Silanols in the Structure of the Calcined High-Silica Zeolite SSZ-70: New Understanding of a Successful Catalytic Material. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16803-16812. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stef Smeets
- Laboratory
of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich CH 8093, Switzerland
- Berzelii
Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Material and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zachariah J. Berkson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Dan Xie
- Chevron
Energy Technology Company, Richmond, California 94802, United States
| | - Stacey I. Zones
- Chevron
Energy Technology Company, Richmond, California 94802, United States
| | - Wei Wan
- Berzelii
Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Material and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Berzelii
Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Material and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ming-Feng Hsieh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Bradley F. Chmelka
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Lynne B. McCusker
- Laboratory
of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich CH 8093, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Christian Baerlocher
- Laboratory
of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich CH 8093, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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28
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Lilly Thankamony AS, Wittmann JJ, Kaushik M, Corzilius B. Dynamic nuclear polarization for sensitivity enhancement in modern solid-state NMR. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 102-103:120-195. [PMID: 29157490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of dynamic nuclear polarization has undergone tremendous developments and diversification since its inception more than 6 decades ago. In this review we provide an in-depth overview of the relevant topics involved in DNP-enhanced MAS NMR spectroscopy. This includes the theoretical description of DNP mechanisms as well as of the polarization transfer pathways that can lead to a uniform or selective spreading of polarization between nuclear spins. Furthermore, we cover historical and state-of-the art aspects of dedicated instrumentation, polarizing agents, and optimization techniques for efficient MAS DNP. Finally, we present an extensive overview on applications in the fields of structural biology and materials science, which underlines that MAS DNP has moved far beyond the proof-of-concept stage and has become an important tool for research in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aany Sofia Lilly Thankamony
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes J Wittmann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Monu Kaushik
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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29
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Analysis of Molecular Orientation in Organic Semiconducting Thin Films Using Static Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Suzuki K, Kubo S, Aussenac F, Engelke F, Fukushima T, Kaji H. Analysis of Molecular Orientation in Organic Semiconducting Thin Films Using Static Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14842-14846. [PMID: 28994190 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular orientation in amorphous organic semiconducting thin-film devices is an important issue affecting device performance. However, to date it has not been possible to analyze the "distribution" of the orientations. Although solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy can provide information on the "distribution" of molecular orientations, the technique is limited because of the small amount of sample in the device and the low sensitivity of ssNMR. Here, we report the first application of dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced ssNMR (DNP-ssNMR) spectroscopy for the orientational analysis of amorphous phenyldi(pyren-1-yl)phosphine oxide (POPy2 ). The 31 P DNP-ssNMR spectra exhibited a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio to quantify the distribution of molecular orientations in amorphous films: the P=O axis of the vacuum-deposited and drop-cast POPy2 shows anisotropic and isotropic distribution, respectively. The different molecular orientations reflect the molecular origin of the different charge transport behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Suzuki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shosei Kubo
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fabien Aussenac
- Bruker BioSpin, 34, rue de l'Industrie, 67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Frank Engelke
- Bruker BioSpin, Silberstreifen, 76287, Rheinstetten, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Fukushima
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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31
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Copéret C, Liao WC, Gordon CP, Ong TC. Active Sites in Supported Single-Site Catalysts: An NMR Perspective. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10588-10596. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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32
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Lee D, Chaudhari SR, De Paëpe G. Solvent signal suppression for high-resolution MAS-DNP. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 278:60-66. [PMID: 28365491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has become a powerful tool to substantially increase the sensitivity of high-field magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR experiments. The addition of dissolved hyperpolarizing agents usually results in the presence of solvent signals that can overlap and obscure those of interest from the analyte. Here, two methods are proposed to suppress DNP solvent signals: a Forced Echo Dephasing experiment (FEDex) and TRAnsfer of Populations in DOuble Resonance Echo Dephasing (TRAPDORED) NMR. These methods reintroduce a heteronuclear dipolar interaction that is specific to the solvent, thereby forcing a dephasing of recoupled solvent spins and leaving acquired NMR spectra free of associated resonance overlap with the analyte. The potency of these methods is demonstrated on sample types common to MAS-DNP experiments, namely a frozen solution (of l-proline) and a powdered solid (progesterone), both containing deuterated glycerol as a DNP solvent. The proposed methods are efficient, simple to implement, compatible with other NMR experiments, and extendable past spectral editing for just DNP solvents. The sensitivity gains from MAS-DNP in conjunction with FEDex or TRAPDORED then permits rapid and uninterrupted sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sachin R Chaudhari
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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33
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34
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Berkson ZJ, Messinger RJ, Na K, Seo Y, Ryoo R, Chmelka BF. Non-Topotactic Transformation of Silicate Nanolayers into Mesostructured MFI Zeolite Frameworks During Crystallization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah J. Berkson
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Robert J. Messinger
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The City College of New York, CUNY; New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Kyungsu Na
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; Buk-gu Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Yongbeom Seo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Ryong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions; Institute for Basic Science; Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Bradley F. Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of California; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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35
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Berkson ZJ, Messinger RJ, Na K, Seo Y, Ryoo R, Chmelka BF. Non-Topotactic Transformation of Silicate Nanolayers into Mesostructured MFI Zeolite Frameworks During Crystallization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5164-5169. [PMID: 28378529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mesostructured MFI zeolite nanosheets are established to crystallize non-topotactically through a nanolayered silicate intermediate during hydrothermal synthesis. Solid-state 2D NMR analyses, with sensitivity enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), provide direct evidence of shared covalent 29 Si-O-29 Si bonds between intermediate nanolayered silicate moieties and the crystallizing MFI zeolite nanosheet framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah J Berkson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Robert J Messinger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Kyungsu Na
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongbeom Seo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ryong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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36
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Gast P, Mance D, Zurlo E, Ivanov KL, Baldus M, Huber M. A tailored multi-frequency EPR approach to accurately determine the magnetic resonance parameters of dynamic nuclear polarization agents: application to AMUPol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:3777-3781. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05864g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multi- and very high-field electron paramagnetic resonance provides essential parameters to characterize dynamic nuclear polarization agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Gast
- Department of Physics
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - D. Mance
- NMR Spectroscopy
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - E. Zurlo
- Department of Physics
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - K. L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - M. Baldus
- NMR Spectroscopy
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - M. Huber
- Department of Physics
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
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37
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Kobayashi T, Singappuli-Arachchige D, Wang Z, Slowing II, Pruski M. Spatial distribution of organic functional groups supported on mesoporous silica nanoparticles: a study by conventional and DNP-enhanced 29Si solid-state NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:1781-1789. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07642d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR determined spatial distributions of organic functionalities attached to surfaces of mesoporous silica nanoparticles via co-condensation and grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhuoran Wang
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Igor I. Slowing
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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38
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Liao WC, Ong TC, Gajan D, Bernada F, Sauvée C, Yulikov M, Pucino M, Schowner R, Schwarzwälder M, Buchmeiser MR, Jeschke G, Tordo P, Ouari O, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Dendritic polarizing agents for DNP SENS. Chem Sci 2017; 8:416-422. [PMID: 28451187 PMCID: PMC5365053 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer-shielded polarizing agents for the application of DNP SENS to reactive surfaces.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy (DNP SENS) is an effective method to significantly improve solid-state NMR investigation of solid surfaces. The presence of unpaired electrons (polarizing agents) is crucial for DNP, but it has drawbacks such as leading to faster nuclear spin relaxation, or even reaction with the substrate under investigation. The latter can be a particular problem for heterogeneous catalysts. Here, we present a series of carbosilane-based dendritic polarizing agents, in which the bulky dendrimer can reduce the interaction between the solid surface and the free radical. We thereby preserve long nuclear T′2 of the surface species, and even successfully enhance a reactive heterogeneous metathesis catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Florian Bernada
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Claire Sauvée
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institut für Polymerchemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Martin Schwarzwälder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Paul Tordo
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
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39
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Kaushik M, Bahrenberg T, Can TV, Caporini MA, Silvers R, Heiliger J, Smith AA, Schwalbe H, Griffin RG, Corzilius B. Gd(iii) and Mn(ii) complexes for dynamic nuclear polarization: small molecular chelate polarizing agents and applications with site-directed spin labeling of proteins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:27205-27218. [PMID: 27545112 PMCID: PMC5053914 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04623a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate complexes of two paramagnetic metal ions Gd3+ and Mn2+ to serve as polarizing agents for solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of 1H, 13C, and 15N at magnetic fields of 5, 9.4, and 14.1 T. Both ions are half-integer high-spin systems with a zero-field splitting and therefore exhibit a broadening of the mS = -1/2 ↔ +1/2 central transition which scales inversely with the external field strength. We investigate experimentally the influence of the chelator molecule, strong hyperfine coupling to the metal nucleus, and deuteration of the bulk matrix on DNP properties. At small Gd-DOTA concentrations the narrow central transition allows us to polarize nuclei with small gyromagnetic ratio such as 13C and even 15N via the solid effect. We demonstrate that enhancements observed are limited by the available microwave power and that large enhancement factors of >100 (for 1H) and on the order of 1000 (for 13C) can be achieved in the saturation limit even at 80 K. At larger Gd(iii) concentrations (≥10 mM) where dipolar couplings between two neighboring Gd3+ complexes become substantial a transition towards cross effect as dominating DNP mechanism is observed. Furthermore, the slow spin-diffusion between 13C and 15N, respectively, allows for temporally resolved observation of enhanced polarization spreading from nuclei close to the paramagnetic ion towards nuclei further removed. Subsequently, we present preliminary DNP experiments on ubiquitin by site-directed spin-labeling with Gd3+ chelator tags. The results hold promise towards applications of such paramagnetically labeled proteins for DNP applications in biophysical chemistry and/or structural biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Kaushik
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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40
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Märker K, Paul S, Fernández-de-Alba C, Lee D, Mouesca JM, Hediger S, De Paëpe G. Welcoming natural isotopic abundance in solid-state NMR: probing π-stacking and supramolecular structure of organic nanoassemblies using DNP. Chem Sci 2016; 8:974-987. [PMID: 28451235 PMCID: PMC5354064 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The low natural abundance of 13C combined with MAS-DNP enables 13C–13C polarization transfer up to ∼7 Å and observation of π-stacking.
The self-assembly of small organic molecules is an intriguing phenomenon, which provides nanoscale structures for applications in numerous fields from medicine to molecular electronics. Detailed knowledge of their structure, in particular on the supramolecular level, is a prerequisite for the rational design of improved self-assembled systems. In this work, we prove the feasibility of a novel concept of NMR-based 3D structure determination of such assemblies in the solid state. The key point of this concept is the deliberate use of samples that contain 13C at its natural isotopic abundance (NA, 1.1%), while exploiting magic-angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization (MAS-DNP) to compensate for the reduced sensitivity. Since dipolar truncation effects are suppressed to a large extent in NA samples, unique and highly informative spectra can be recorded which are impossible to obtain on an isotopically labeled system. On the self-assembled cyclic diphenylalanine peptide, we demonstrate the detection of long-range internuclear distances up to ∼7 Å, allowing us to observe π-stacking through 13C–13C correlation spectra, providing a powerful tool for the analysis of one of the most important non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, experimental polarization transfer curves are in remarkable agreement with numerical simulations based on the crystallographic structure, and can be fully rationalized as the superposition of intra- and intermolecular contributions. This new approach to NMR crystallography provides access to rich and precise structural information, opening up a new avenue to de novo crystal structure determination by NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Märker
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Subhradip Paul
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Carlos Fernández-de-Alba
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Jean-Marie Mouesca
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , MEM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France . .,CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
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41
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Chaudhari SR, Berruyer P, Gajan D, Reiter C, Engelke F, Silverio DL, Copéret C, Lelli M, Lesage A, Emsley L. Dynamic nuclear polarization at 40 kHz magic angle spinning. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10616-22. [PMID: 27035630 PMCID: PMC5048395 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy under magic angle spinning (MAS) is rapidly developing into a powerful analytical tool to investigate the structure of a wide range of solid materials, because it provides unsurpassed sensitivity gains. Most developments and applications of DNP MAS NMR were so far reported at moderate spinning frequencies (up to 14 kHz using 3.2 mm rotors). Here, using a 1.3 mm MAS DNP probe operating at 18.8 T and ∼100 K, we show that signal amplification factors can be increased by up to a factor two when using smaller volume rotors as compared to 3.2 mm rotors, and report enhancements of around 60 over a range of sample spinning rates from 10 to 40 kHz. Spinning at 40 kHz is also shown to increase (29)Si coherence lifetimes by a factor three as compared to 10 kHz, substantially increasing sensitivity in CPMG type experiments. The contribution of quenching effects to the overall sensitivity gain at very fast MAS is evaluated, and applications are reported on a functionalised mesostructured organic-inorganic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin R. Chaudhari
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , France .
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , France .
| | - David Gajan
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , France .
| | | | | | - Daniel L. Silverio
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Moreno Lelli
- University of Florence , Chemistry Department , Magnetic Resonance Center , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) , Italy
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , France .
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
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42
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Geiger Y, Gottlieb HE, Akbey Ü, Oschkinat H, Goobes G. Studying the Conformation of a Silaffin-Derived Pentalysine Peptide Embedded in Bioinspired Silica using Solution and Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Magic-Angle Spinning NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5561-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Geiger
- Department
of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Hugo E. Gottlieb
- Department
of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Ümit Akbey
- Leibniz Institute für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR Supported Structural Biology, Robert-Roessle-Str.
10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz Institute für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR Supported Structural Biology, Robert-Roessle-Str.
10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Gil Goobes
- Department
of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
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43
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Ong T, Liao W, Mougel V, Gajan D, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Atomistic Description of Reaction Intermediates for Supported Metathesis Catalysts Enabled by DNP SENS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ta‐Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wei‐Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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44
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Ong TC, Liao WC, Mougel V, Gajan D, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Atomistic Description of Reaction Intermediates for Supported Metathesis Catalysts Enabled by DNP SENS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4743-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs; Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1); Université de Lyon; 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs; Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1); Université de Lyon; 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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45
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Lee D, Bouleau E, Saint-Bonnet P, Hediger S, De Paëpe G. Ultra-low temperature MAS-DNP. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 264:116-124. [PMID: 26920837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the infancy of NMR spectroscopy, sensitivity and resolution have been the limiting factors of the technique. Regular essential developments on this front have led to the widely applicable, versatile, and powerful spectroscopy that we know today. However, the Holy Grail of ultimate sensitivity and resolution is not yet reached, and technical improvements are still ongoing. Hence, high-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) making use of high-frequency, high-power microwave irradiation of electron spins has become very promising in combination with magic angle sample spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR experiments. This is because it leads to a transfer of the much larger polarization of these electron spins under suitable irradiation to surrounding nuclei, greatly increasing NMR sensitivity. Currently, this boom in MAS-DNP is mainly performed at minimum sample temperatures of about 100K, using cold nitrogen gas to pneumatically spin and cool the sample. This Perspective deals with the desire to improve further the sensitivity and resolution by providing "ultra"-low temperatures for MAS-DNP, using cryogenic helium gas. Different designs on how this technological challenge has been overcome are described. It is shown that stable and fast spinning can be attained for sample temperatures down to 30K using a large cryostat developed in our laboratory. Using this cryostat to cool a closed-loop of helium gas brings the additional advantage of sample spinning frequencies that can greatly surpass those achievable with nitrogen gas, due to the differing fluidic properties of these two gases. It is shown that using ultra-low temperatures for MAS-DNP results in substantial experimental sensitivity enhancements and according time-savings. Access to this temperature range is demonstrated to be both viable and highly pertinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Bouleau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Saint-Bonnet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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46
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Thurber K, Tycko R. Low-temperature dynamic nuclear polarization with helium-cooled samples and nitrogen-driven magic-angle spinning. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 264:99-106. [PMID: 26920835 PMCID: PMC4769783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe novel instrumentation for low-temperature solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and magic-angle spinning (MAS), focusing on aspects of this instrumentation that have not been described in detail in previous publications. We characterize the performance of an extended interaction oscillator (EIO) microwave source, operating near 264 GHz with 1.5 W output power, which we use in conjunction with a quasi-optical microwave polarizing system and a MAS NMR probe that employs liquid helium for sample cooling and nitrogen gas for sample spinning. Enhancement factors for cross-polarized (13)C NMR signals in the 100-200 range are demonstrated with DNP at 25K. The dependences of signal amplitudes on sample temperature, as well as microwave power, polarization, and frequency, are presented. We show that sample temperatures below 30K can be achieved with helium consumption rates below 1.3 l/h. To illustrate potential applications of this instrumentation in structural studies of biochemical systems, we compare results from low-temperature DNP experiments on a calmodulin-binding peptide in its free and bound states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Thurber
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, United States
| | - Robert Tycko
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, United States.
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47
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Kaźmierski S, Pawlak T, Jeziorna A, Potrzebowski MJ. Modern solid state NMR techniques and concepts in structural studies of synthetic polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kaźmierski
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - T. Pawlak
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - A. Jeziorna
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - M. J. Potrzebowski
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
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48
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Smith AN, Long JR. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization as an Enabling Technology for Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:122-32. [PMID: 26594903 PMCID: PMC5704910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam N Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Joanna R Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida , P. O. Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0245, United States
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49
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Hirsh DA, Rossini AJ, Emsley L, Schurko RW. 35Cl dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25893-25904. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04353d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show how to obtain efficient dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced 35Cl solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectra at 9.4 T and demonstrate how they can be used to characterize the molecular-level structure of hydrochloride salts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in both bulk and low wt% API dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hirsh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
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50
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Bouleau E, Saint-Bonnet P, Mentink-Vigier F, Takahashi H, Jacquot JF, Bardet M, Aussenac F, Purea A, Engelke F, Hediger S, Lee D, De Paëpe G. Pushing NMR sensitivity limits using dynamic nuclear polarization with closed-loop cryogenic helium sample spinning. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6806-6812. [PMID: 28757972 PMCID: PMC5508678 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02819a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a strategy to push the limits of solid-state NMR sensitivity far beyond its current state-of-the-art. The approach relies on the use of dynamic nuclear polarization and demonstrates unprecedented DNP enhancement factors for experiments performed at sample temperatures much lower than 100 K, and can translate into 6 orders of magnitude of experimental time-savings. This leap-forward was made possible thanks to the employment of cryogenic helium as the gas to power magic angle sample spinning (MAS) for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced NMR experiments. These experimental conditions far exceed what is currently possible and allows currently reaching sample temperatures down to 30 K while conducting experiments with improved resolution (thanks to faster spinning frequencies, up to 25 kHz) and highly polarized nuclear spins. The impressive associated gains were used to hyperpolarize the surface of an industrial catalyst as well as to hyperpolarize organic nano-assemblies (self-assembling peptides in our case), for whom structures cannot be solved using diffraction techniques. Sustainable cryogenic helium sample spinning significantly enlarges the realm and possibilities of the MAS-DNP technique and is the route to transform NMR into a versatile but also sensitive atomic-level characterization tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouleau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - P Saint-Bonnet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - F Mentink-Vigier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - H Takahashi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - J-F Jacquot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - M Bardet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - F Aussenac
- Bruker BioSpin SAS , Wissembourg , France
| | - A Purea
- Bruker BioSpin GmbH , Rheinstetten , Germany
| | - F Engelke
- Bruker BioSpin GmbH , Rheinstetten , Germany
| | - S Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
- CNRS , SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - D Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - G De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France .
- CEA , INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
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