1
|
Bingül MB, Gul M, Dündar S, Sökmen K, Artas G, Polat ME, Tanrisever M, Ozcan EC. Effect of Different Administered Doses of Capsaicin and Titanium Implant Osseointegration. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1094. [PMID: 39064523 PMCID: PMC11279083 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the histological and biochemical effects of capsaicin on implant osseointegration and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were used in this study. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: implant + control (n = 8), implant + capsaicin-1 (n = 8), and implant + capsaicin-2 (n = 8). Additionally, 2.5 mm diameter and 4 mm length titanium implants were surgically integrated into the corticocancellous bone parts of the femurs. In the treatment groups, rats were injected intraperitoneally with 25 mg/kg (implant + capsaicin-1) and 50 mg/kg (implant + capsaicin-2) of capsaicin. No additional applications were made in the control group. Three rats in total died during and after the experiment as a result of the analyses performed on 21 animals. Results: The highest total antioxidant status value was found in capsaicin dose 2, according to the analysis. The control group had the highest total oxidant status and oxidative stress index values, while group 2 of capsaicin had the lowest. After analysis, we found that there was no observed positive effect on osteointegration in this study (p > 0.05), although the bone implant connection was higher in the groups treated with capsaicin. Conclusions: A positive effect on osteointegration was not observed in this study. This may be due to osteoclast activation. However, it was found that it has a positive effect on oxidative stress. Osteoclast activation may be the cause of this phenomenon. Capsaicin was found to have a positive effect on oxidative stress (p < 0.05). It was also observed to have a positive effect on oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Bahattin Bingül
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey; (M.B.B.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey
| | - Serkan Dündar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey;
| | - Kevser Sökmen
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya 07070, Turkey;
| | - Gökhan Artas
- Department of Medical, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Emrah Polat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey; (M.B.B.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Murat Tanrisever
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey;
| | - Erhan Cahit Ozcan
- Department of Esthetic, Faculty of Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Elazig 44090, Turkey;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu H, Chen X, Kong L, Liu P. Mechanical and Biological Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys for Oral Implant with Preparation Techniques: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6860. [PMID: 37959457 PMCID: PMC10649385 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dental implants have revolutionised restorative dentistry, offering patients a natural-looking and durable solution to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Titanium and its alloys have emerged as the gold standard among the various materials available due to their exceptional properties. One of the critical advantages of titanium and its alloys is their remarkable biocompatibility which ensures minimal adverse reactions within the human body. Furthermore, they exhibit outstanding corrosion resistance ensuring the longevity of the implant. Their mechanical properties, including hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength, align perfectly with the demanding requirements of dental implants, guaranteeing the restoration's functionality and durability. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the manufacturing techniques employed for titanium and its alloy dental implants while shedding light on their intrinsic properties. It also presents crucial proof-of-concept examples, offering tangible evidence of these materials' effectiveness in clinical applications. However, despite their numerous advantages, certain limitations still exist necessitating ongoing research and development efforts. This review will briefly touch upon these restrictions and explore the evolving trends likely to shape the future of titanium and its alloy dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Liu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.W.); (X.C.); (L.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Altayyar S, Al‐zordk W, Algabri R, Rajah E, Al‐baadani A, Alqutaibi AY, Madina MA, Ghazy MH. Prospective evaluation of implants-supported, tooth-implant supported, and teeth-supported 3-unit posterior monolithic zirconia fixed restorations: Bite force and patient satisfaction. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:810-819. [PMID: 37703213 PMCID: PMC10582233 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the maximum bite force (MBF) and satisfaction of patients restored with implants, combined tooth-implants, and teeth-supported monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty partially edentulous patients in need of three units of FDPs in their mandibular posterior region were divided into three equal groups (n = 10) as follows: Group-1 patients received two implants for each at the second premolar and second molar regions, Group-2 patients received one implant for each at the second molar region, and Group-3 patients with missing lower first molar. All the restorations were constructed from monolithic zirconia. Patients were evaluated 1 week after placement of restorations (baseline) and then after 6, 12, and 24-month intervals for MBF using force transducer occlusal force meter and satisfaction (function, esthetic, and overall satisfaction) using a visual analog scale. RESULTS The mean MBF for Group 1 was higher than Group 2 (p = .044) but not that of Group 3 (p = .923). Additionally, Group 3 displayed a higher MBF than Group 2, although this difference was not statistically significant (p = .096). Concerning patient satisfaction, all study groups reported high levels of satisfaction across all satisfaction elements, and no significant differences were observed between the groups. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that Group 1 gives comparable anticipated treatment outcomes as Group 3 concerning biting force and patient satisfaction. However, Group 2 gives comparable satisfaction results with biting force value within the normal range; thus, it might be used as a treatment option in a specific situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Altayyar
- Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryIBB UniversityIbbYemen
| | - Walid Al‐zordk
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | - Radwan Algabri
- Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryIBB UniversityIbbYemen
- Prosthodontic Department, National UniversityIbb‐BranchIbbYemen
| | - Eshraq Rajah
- Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistrySana'a UniversitySana'aYemen
| | | | - Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
- Department of Prosthodontic and Implant Dentistry, College of DentistryTaibah UniversityAl MadinahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of DentistryIbb UniversityIbbYemen
| | - Manal Abo Madina
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | - Mohammed H. Ghazy
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deepika K, Bhatnagar A, Singh A, Soni R. Evaluation of active tactile sensibility in a single-tooth implant opposing a natural tooth with either an immediate or delayed functional loading protocol: A parallel design clinical study. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(22)00752-1. [PMID: 36621356 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM High primary stability makes immediate loading more predictable, but immediately loaded implants are subjected to higher stresses and strains during the healing phase than implants that are left to heal for 3 months. Whether an earlier sensory-motor phenomenon with an immediate loading protocol helps to reduce the risk of overloading at the implant-bone interface is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this concurrent parallel design clinical study was to evaluate and compare active tactile sensibility for a single-tooth implant opposing a natural tooth in the mandibular posterior region with either a delayed or immediate functional loading -protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this parallel group randomized trial, 2 test groups were formed: the DL group comprised 20 participants with the delayed loading protocol (loading after 3 months), and the IL group comprised 20 participants with the immediate loading protocol (loading within 2 days). Natural tooth-to-tooth contact on the side contralateral to the implant site (split mouth) in both test groups was used as a control to evaluate active tactile sensibility, which was evaluated in the test and control sites of both groups by using interocclusal articulating foils of varying thickness in maximum intercuspation. Active tactile sensibility was compared between the DL and IL groups at 3 and 6 months of follow-up. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for intergroup comparisons (P=.05). RESULTS A significant difference was found for 8-μm- and 12-μm-thick articulating foil at 3 months and for 8-μm-thick foil at 6 months (P<.05), indicating a difference in active tactile sensibility between the DL and IL groups. No implant failure was recorded in this short clinical study. CONCLUSIONS An immediate loading protocol can be performed in implants with sufficient primary stability. Upon loading, the IL group has shown more active tactile perception than the DL group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Deepika
- Senior Resident, Department of Prosthodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Atul Bhatnagar
- Professor, Unit of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Ankita Singh
- Associate Professor, Unit of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Romesh Soni
- Professor, Unit of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shirazi S, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Topography-mediated immunomodulation in osseointegration; Ally or Enemy. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121903. [PMID: 36410109 PMCID: PMC10148651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoimmunology is at full display during endosseous implant osseointegration. Bone formation, maintenance and resorption at the implant surface is a result of bidirectional and dynamic reciprocal communication between the bone and immune cells that extends beyond the well-defined osteoblast-osteoclast signaling. Implant surface topography informs adherent progenitor and immune cell function and their cross-talk to modulate the process of bone accrual. Integrating titanium surface engineering with the principles of immunology is utilized to harness the power of immune system to improve osseointegration in healthy and diseased microenvironments. This review summarizes current information regarding immune cell-titanium implant surface interactions and places these events in the context of surface-mediated immunomodulation and bone regeneration. A mechanistic approach is directed in demonstrating the central role of osteoimmunology in the process of osseointegration and exploring how regulation of immune cell function at the implant-bone interface may be used in future control of clinical therapies. The process of peri-implant bone loss is also informed by immunomodulation at the implant surface. How surface topography is exploited to prevent osteoclastogenesis is considered herein with respect to peri-implant inflammation, osteoclastic precursor-surface interactions, and the upstream/downstream effects of surface topography on immune and progenitor cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Shirazi
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tao J, Wang D, Jin A, Xue J, Hu S, Yu H. The role of gingival mechanoreceptors in the tactile function of dental implants. Neurosci Lett 2022; 774:136502. [PMID: 35122933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants seem to restore some degree of tactile function. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gingival mechanoreceptors in dental-implant osseoperception at the cortical-response level. The gingiva of the upper-left canine implant was stripped off under local anesthesia in five cats. We used intrinsic-signal optical imaging (ISOI) to measure the population-response characteristics of the feline oral-related cortex when separately applying punctate mechanical stimuli to the left canine implant and right intact natural canine. These response characteristics were compared under local anesthesia after removal of the gingiva. Under local anesthesia, the signal strength of the implant was significantly weaker than that of the tooth under weak but not under strong stimulus. After the gingiva was stripped off, the signal strength of the implant was significantly weaker than that of the tooth at all strengths of stimulus. Based on the evoked cortical responses, the gingiva was involved in the maximal tactile function of the implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Tao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School &Hospital of Stomatology Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Anqi Jin
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinlang Xue
- Department of Prosthodontics, School &Hospital of Stomatology Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School &Hospital of Stomatology Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song D, Shujaat S, Constantinus P, Orhan K, Jacobs R. Osseoperception following dental implant treatment: a systematic review. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 49:573-585. [PMID: 34911146 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osseoperception is defined as the ability to perceive tactile sensation via mechanoreception in the peri-implant environment. The objective was to systematically review the available literature on the osseoperception phenomenon following dental implant placement and to explore potential factors which might improve the perception capacity. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to June 2021. Both human and animal studies assessing sensory capacity or innervation following implant placement were included in this review. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies. The methodological quality of the included papers was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias for human studies and SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. RESULTS The electronic search of databases yielded 1667 results. Following removal of duplicates, title and abstract screening and full-text reading, 22 publications were eligible to be included in the review. Psychophysical evidence from 14 studies indicated a lower tactile function of implants, where active and passive threshold level were found to be 5 and 50 times higher for implants compared to natural teeth, respectively. The neurophysiological evidence from 3 studies indicated cortical plasticity following dental implant placement, measured via trigeminal nerve evoked potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Histological evidence from 5 studies demonstrated the presence of myelinated nerve fibres in the peri-implant tissues. Additionally, immediate implant placement and loading showed beneficial effect on peri-implant tissue (re)innervation, however, no other biological or physiological factors could be identified influencing osseoperception. CONCLUSIONS The reported evidence supported the existence of so-called osseoperception phenomenon for restoring the sensory feedback pathway following oral implant rehabilitation. Further studies are required to identify factors that might further assist physiological integration of the oral implants in the human body as such to approach natural oral function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Politis Constantinus
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Padmanabhan H, Vijayakumar SS, N P, Kumar VA. Comparison of the effect of conventional and implant-retained overdentures on brain activity and cognition in a geriatric population - A Functional MRI study. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:431-437. [PMID: 34657904 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation with complete dentures versus implant-retained overdenture on activity in various parts of the brain cognition in a geriatric edentulous population via Functional MRI (fMRI) studies and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). METHODS Ten completely edentulous patients were rehabilitated with both complete dentures and two-implant retained overdentures for three months each. fMRI studies were performed for each modality during chewing and recall tasks at three time periods: T0: Completely Edentulous(CE) T1: after three months of wearing Conventional Complete Dentures(CD) and T2: after three months of wearing Implant-retained Overdentures (IOD). The Z scores obtained from the fMRI at these phases of examination were tabulated and correlated with MMSE scores obtained at the corresponding time periods. RESULTS Z scores obtained during the memory recall tasks at T2 were the greatest (Prefrontal Cortex (p=0.059) and Hippocampus (p=0.036). The MMSE scores obtained were significantly higher for the IODs when compared to the CDs and Baseline values (p < 0.05)Conclusion: IODs may potentially result in superior sensory feedback in edentulous patients and lead to improved cognitive performance when compared to conventional complete dentures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harini Padmanabhan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Siddharth S Vijayakumar
- Department of Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Parthasarathy N
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - V Anand Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang D, Tao J, Jin A, Yu H. Tactile sensation of natural teeth and dental implants in the somatosensory cortex. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:272-278. [PMID: 34349082 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the cortical response characteristics evoked by natural teeth and implants. METHODS Five cats were subjected to intrinsic signal optical imaging to measure the cortical responses evoked by natural teeth and implants. The difference in tactile sensation between the implant and natural tooth was compared in detail at the cortical response level. RESULTS Some similarities were observed between the implants and natural teeth. The stimulating-response curves of the implants and natural teeth were generally S-curves, and both implants and natural teeth preferred labial-lingual direction stimulation. The implants and natural teeth differed in terms of their tactile sensitivity: implants were weaker than natural teeth in terms of both static and dynamic sensitivity. However, after saturation, there was no significant difference in tactile strength between implants and natural teeth. CONCLUSIONS Both natural teeth and implants are able to distinguish the tactile strength and stimulation direction. Although implants are less sensitive than the natural tooth, the maximal tactile function and directional preference of implants are similar to those of natural teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science,Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Jianxiang Tao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School &Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai
| | - Anqi Jin
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science,Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science,Fudan University, Shanghai
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang YY, Gong P, Zhang J. Effects of different implant surface properties on the biological behavior of Schwann cells. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:279-285. [PMID: 34041876 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of different implant surface properties on the biological behavior of Schwann cells. METHODS Schwann cells (SCs) were cultured on three types of implant surfaces including smooth polished (SMO), sand-blasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA), and chemically-modified SLA (modSLA). At different time points, the morphology and adhesion of SCs on the implant surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope. Cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT method. The expression levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in the mRNA levels of NGF and BDNF were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS SCs adhered, stretched, and proliferated well on the three types of implant surfaces. On the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days, the OD values of the SMO group were higher than those of the SLA group and the modSLA group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). On the 3rd day, the expression and mRNA levels of NGF and BDNF in the SLA group and the modSLA group were higher than those in the SMO group (P<0.05); in particular, the levels in the modSLA group were higher than those in the SLA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Different implant surface properties have different effects on the biological behavior of SCs. Proliferation of SCs is significantly promoted by smooth surface, while secretion and gene expression of neurotrophic factors are significantly promoted by modSLA surface at early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Wang
- Dept. of Implantation, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital (Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University), Tianjin 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Implantation, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Dept. of Implantation, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital (Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University), Tianjin 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Amengual-Peñafiel L, Córdova LA, Constanza Jara-Sepúlveda M, Brañes-Aroca M, Marchesani-Carrasco F, Cartes-Velásquez R. Osteoimmunology drives dental implant osseointegration: A new paradigm for implant dentistry. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:12-19. [PMID: 33737990 PMCID: PMC7946347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a complex interaction between titanium dental implants, bone, and the immune system. Among them, specific immune cells, macrophages play a crucial role in the osseointegration dynamics. Infiltrating macrophages and resident macrophages (osteomacs) contribute to achieving an early pro-regenerative peri-implant environment. Also, multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) in the bone-implant interface and their polarization ability, maintain a peri-implant immunological balance to preserve osseointegration integrity. However, dental implants can display cumulative levels of antigens (ions, nano and microparticles and bacterial antigens) at the implant–tissue interface activating an immune-inflammatory response. If the inflammation is not resolved or reactivated due to the stress signals and the immunogenicity of elements present, this could lead implants to aseptic loosening, infections, and subsequent bone loss. Therefore, to maintain osseointegration and prevent bone loss of implants, a better understanding of the osteoimmunology of the peri-implant environment would lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches. In this line, depicting osteoimmunological mechanisms, we discuss immunomodulatory strategies to improve and preserve a long-term functional integration between dental implants and the human body. Scientific field of dental science: implant dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis A Córdova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Chile.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario San José. Craneofacial Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Goto T, Higaki N, Kishimoto T, Tomotake Y, Ichikawa T. Does Periodontal Tactile Input Uniquely Increase Cerebral Blood Flow in the Prefrontal Cortex? Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10080482. [PMID: 32722618 PMCID: PMC7465782 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10080482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously studied the effect of peripheral sensory information from sensory periodontal ligament receptors on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. In the dental field, an alternative dental implant without periodontal sensation can be applied for missing teeth. In this study, we examine whether periodontal tactile input could increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the PFC against elderly patients with dental implants lacking periodontal tactile (implant group), elderly individuals with natural teeth (elderly group), and young individuals with natural teeth (young group). The experimental task of maintaining occlusal force as closed-loop stimulation was performed. Compared with the young group, the elderly group showed significantly lower CBF. Contrastingly, compared with the young group, the implant group showed significantly lower CBF. There were no significant differences between the elderly and implant groups. Regarding the mean occlusal force value, compared with the young group and the elderly group, the implant group had a numerically, but not significantly, larger occlusal force exceeding the directed range. In conclusion, the periodontal tactile input does not uniquely increase PFC activity. However, increased CBF in the PFC due to the periodontal tactile input in the posterior region requires existing attention behavior function in the PFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Goto
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (N.H.); (T.K.); (T.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88-633-7347
| | - Nobuaki Higaki
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (N.H.); (T.K.); (T.I.)
| | - Takahiro Kishimoto
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (N.H.); (T.K.); (T.I.)
| | - Yoritoki Tomotake
- Oral Implant Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (N.H.); (T.K.); (T.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Song D, Liang X, Zheng H, Shujaat S, Van Dessel J, Zhong W, Ma G, Lambrichts I, Jacobs R. Peri-implant myelinated nerve fibers: Histological findings in dogs. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:567-573. [PMID: 32154923 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE While osseointegration following various dental implant placement protocols has been extensively investigated, the neurohistological integration has received little attention. The primary aim of this study was to compare the myelinated nerve fibers density in peri-implant bone tissue following various implant placement protocols. The secondary aim assessed the effect of follow-up on peri-implant nerve fibers density. METHODS Ten beagle dogs randomly received 68 commercially pure titanium implants in the mandibular premolar or molar region bilaterally following extraction utilizing one of the six treatment protocols: (a) immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate loading (IL); (b) IIP and delayed loading (DL); (c) IIP and left unloaded (UL); (d) delayed implant placement (DIP) and IL; (e) DIP and DL; and (f) DIP and UL. Histomorphometric analysis of the peri-implant myelinated nerve fibers was performed in a 300 μm peri-implant zone at the cervical, middle, and apical level following implant placement. The follow-up assessment involved longitudinal observation at 3 months following each implant treatment protocol and at 6 months for IIP+IL and IIP+DL protocols. RESULTS The influence of different treatment protocols, including the fixed effects of implant groups (IIP+IL, IIP+DL, IIP+UL, DIP+IL, DIP+DL, DIP+UL) and regions (cervical, middle, apical), was examined via a linear mixed model. The IIP+IL group showed a significantly higher myelinated nerve density compared to the IIP+UL and DIP+UL group. Peri-implant nerve re-innervation was significantly higher (P = .002) in the apical region compared to the cervical region. After immediate implant placement, the IL group showed a significantly (P = .03) higher density of myelinated nerve fibers compared to DL. No significant (P = .19) effect of follow-up on nerve density was observed. CONCLUSION The immediate implant placement and loading protocol showed most beneficial effect on peri-implant innervation with highest myelinated nerve density in the apical region. A longer loading time had no influence on the peri-implant nerve density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- Department of School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical of University, Dalian, China.,OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical of University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical of University, Dalian, China
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Van Dessel
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Weijian Zhong
- Department of School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical of University, Dalian, China
| | - Guowu Ma
- Department of School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical of University, Dalian, China
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song D, Huang Y, Van Dessel J, Shujaat S, Orhan K, Vangansewinkel T, Van den Eynde K, Lambrichts I, Roskams T, Politis C, Jacobs R. Effect of platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma on peri-implant innervation in dog mandibles. Int J Implant Dent 2019; 5:40. [PMID: 31797145 PMCID: PMC6890900 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-019-0193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous plasma fractions, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP), contain growth factors that can enhance neural cell survival and are therefore likely to have the ability to promote nerve regeneration. The present study compared the effect of PRP and PPP application on myelinated nerve density and diameter in the peri-implant bone region. In addition, the effect of healing time on nerve regeneration was assessed. Materials and methods Nine beagle dogs randomly received 54 dental implants in the bilateral mandible according to a split-mouth design. Each implant was randomly assigned to one of three implant protocols: delayed implant placement with delayed loading (DIP + DL) with local application of PRP, DIP + DL with local application of PPP and DIP + DL without any plasma additive. The animals were euthanized at 1, 3, and 6 months after loading (3 dogs per time point). Block biopsies were prepared for histomorphometry in the peri-implant bone within 500 μm around the implants. Results Myelinated nerve fibers were identified in the trabecular bone and in the osteons near the implants surface. The nerve fibers in the PRP group (median ± IQR; 2.88 ± 1.55 μm) had a significantly (p < 0.05) greater diameter compared to the PPP (2.40 ± 0.91 μm) and control (2.11 ± 1.16 μm) group. The nerve diameter after 6 months healing (3.18 ± 1.58 μm) was significantly (p < 0.05) greater compared to 1 (2.08 ± 0.89 μm) and 3 (2.49 ± 1.22 μm) months. No significant difference was found for myelinated nerve density between groups and healing time. Conclusions The present study showed that the healing time significantly influenced the diameter of the myelinated nerve fibers in peri-implant bone. PRP exerted a significant effect on the diameter of the myelinated nerve fibers as compared to PPP. Large-scale animal studies and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these findings and to verify whether platelet plasma can facilitate nerve regeneration process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Yan Huang
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jeroen Van Dessel
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaan Orhan
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tim Vangansewinkel
- Group of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Van den Eynde
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Group of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantinus Politis
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effect of Titanium Particles on the Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Currents in Trigeminal Root Ganglion Neurons. IMPLANT DENT 2019; 28:54-61. [PMID: 30507652 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Titanium (Ti) is the key material used in dental implants because of its excellent biocompatibility. But wear and corrosion Ti particles had been widely reported to induce inflammation and promote bone absorption. However, little information is known about the damage of Ti particles on neurons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neurons were exposed to Ti particles (<5 μm). The electrophysiological properties of 2 main subtypes of voltage-gated potassium channels (VGPCs) (KA and KV) were examined by whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. RESULT With the presence of 0.25 mg/mL Ti particles, amplitudes of IK, A and IK, V were both obviously inhibited. For IK, A, the activation V1/2 shifted to the depolarizing direction with an increased k value, whereas the inactivation V1/2 showed obvious hyperdepolarizing shifts. For IK, V, 0.5 mg/mL Ti particles produced a depolarizing shift of activation V1/2 with a slower activation rate. No significant changes of its inactivation kinetics were found. CONCLUSION Titanium (Ti) particles might alter the electrophysiological properties of VGPCs on TRG neurons, which are likely to further influence the excitability of neurons.
Collapse
|
16
|
Etiology and Measurement of Peri-Implant Crestal Bone Loss (CBL). J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020166. [PMID: 30717189 PMCID: PMC6406263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of peri-implant crestal bone loss is today better understood and certain factors proposed in the past have turned out to not be of concern. Regardless, the incidence of crestal bone loss remains higher than necessary and this paper reviews current theory on the etiology with a special emphasis on traditional and innovative methods to assess the level of crestal bone around dental implants that will enable greater sensitivity and specificity and significantly reduce variability in bone loss measurement.
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang B, Ye J, Zeng X, Gong P. Effects of capsaicin-induced sensory denervation on early implant osseointegration in adult rats. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181082. [PMID: 30800361 PMCID: PMC6366164 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nerve endings around implants is well-known, but the interaction between the peripheral nervous system and the osseointegration of implants has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of selective sensory denervation on early implant osseointegration. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into two groups, group A and group B, and they were treated with capsaicin and normal saline, respectively. One week later, titanium implants were placed in the bilateral femurs of the rats. Three and six weeks after implantation, histological examination, microcomputed tomography and biomechanical testing were performed to observe the effect of sensory denervation on implant osseointegration. At three weeks and six weeks, bone area, trabecular bone volume/total bone volume and bone density were significantly lower in group A than in group B. Similarly, the bone-implant contact rate, trabecular number and trabecular thickness were clearly lower in group A than in group B at three weeks. However, the trabecular separation spacing in group A was greater than that in group B at both time points. Biomechanical testing revealed that the implant-bone binding ability of group A was significantly lower than that in group B. The research demonstrated that sensory innervation played an important role in the formation of osseointegration. Selective-sensory denervation could reduce osseointegration and lower the binding force of the bone and the implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Zeng
- Stomatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
A L, Xu W, Zhao J, Li C, Qi M, Li X, Wang L, Zhou Y. Surface functionalization of TiO 2 nanotubes with minocycline and its in vitro biological effects on Schwann cells. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:88. [PMID: 29925387 PMCID: PMC6011410 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Minocycline has been widely used in central nervous system disease. However, the effect of minocycline on the repairing of nerve fibers around dental implants had not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of using minocycline for the repairing of nerve fibers around dental implants by investigating the effect of minocycline on the proliferation of Schwann cells and secretion of neurotrophic factors nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in vitro. Methods TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated on the surface of pure titanium via anodization at the voltage of 20, 30, 40 and 50 V. The nanotubes structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and examined with an optical contact angle. Then drug loading capability and release behavior were detected in vitro. The TiO2 nanotubes loaded with different concentration of minocycline were used to produce conditioned media with which to treat the Schwann cells. A cell counting kit-8 assay and cell viability were both selected to study the proliferative effect of the specimens on Schwann cell. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to detect the related gene/protein expression of Schwann cells. Results The results showed that the diameter of TiO2 nanotubes at different voltage varied from 100 to 200 nm. The results of optical contact angle and releasing profile showed the nanotubes fabricated at the voltage of 30 V met the needs of the carrier of minocycline. In addition, the TiO2 nanotubes loaded with the concentration of 20 μg/mL minocycline increased Schwann cells proliferation and secretion of neurotrophic factors in vitro. Conclusions The results suggested that the surface functionalization of TiO2 nanotubes with minocycline was a promising candidate biomaterial for the peripheral nerve regeneration around dental implants and has potential to be applied in improving the osseoperception of dental implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan A
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling in Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenzhou Xu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Manlin Qi
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- VIP Integrated Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao J, Guo Y, Lan A, Luo W, Wang X, Fu L, Cai Q, Zhou Y. The effect of amino plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition-treated titanium surface on Schwann cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:265-271. [PMID: 28782282 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The surface modification of titanium and its alloys with amino group plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition has been proven to enhance the performance of implants on initial osteoblast bioactivity in vitro. However, scarce information on the effect of this kind of surface modification on nerve regeneration exists. In this study, the surface chemistry of pure Ti disks and surface-modified disks was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cell counting kit 8 assay, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy showed that either the p30% or cw + p30% mode-mediated surface significantly promote Schwann cell adhesion without any cytotoxicity compared with the pure Ti surface, and the cw + p30% group showed the best performance on cell adhesion. However, results of polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses showed that the mRNA and protein levels of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor of the p30% and cw + p30% groups were lower than those of the Ti group at some time points. Generally, the results indicate that amino-functionalized Ti surfaces can promote Schwann cell adhesion without cytotoxicity, but this modification, in fact, inhibited the expression of the key growth factors GDNF and NGF of Schwann cells. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 265-271, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - A Lan
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Ji Lin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mishra SK, Chowdhary R, Chrcanovic BR, Brånemark PI. Osseoperception in Dental Implants: A Systematic Review. J Prosthodont 2016; 25:185-95. [PMID: 26823228 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Replacement of lost teeth has significant functional and psychosocial effects. The capability of osseointegrated dental implants to transmit a certain amount of sensibility is still unclear. The phenomenon of developing a certain amount of tactile sensibility through osseointegrated dental implants is called osseoperception. The aim of this article is to evaluate the available literature to find osseoperception associated with dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS To identify suitable literature, an electronic search was performed using Medline and PubMed database. Articles published in English and articles whose abstract is available in English were included. The articles included in the review were based on osseoperception, tactile sensation, and neurophysiological mechanoreceptors in relation to dental implants. Articles on peri-implantitis and infection-related sensitivity were not included. Review articles without the original data were excluded, although references to potentially pertinent articles were noted for further follow-up. The phenomenon of osseoperception remains a matter of debate, so the search strategy mainly focused on articles on osseoperception and tactile sensibility of dental implants. This review presents the histological, neurophysiological, and psychophysical evidence of osseoperception and also the role of mechanoreceptors in osseoperception. RESULTS The literature on osseoperception in dental implants is very scarce. The initial literature search resulted in 90 articles, of which 81 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. CONCLUSION Patients restored with implant-supported prostheses reported improved tactile and motor function when compared with patients wearing complete dentures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal, India
| | - Ramesh Chowdhary
- Department of Prosthodontics and Maxillofacial Implantology, Rajarajeshwari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bhatnagar VM, Karani JT, Khanna A, Badwaik P, Pai A. Osseoperception: An Implant Mediated Sensory Motor Control- A Review. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZE18-20. [PMID: 26501033 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14349.6532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Osseointegration of dental implants has been researched extensively, covering various aspects such as bone apposition, biomechanics and microbiology etc however, physiologic integration of implants and the associated prosthesis in the body has received very little attention. This integration is due to the development of a special sensory ability, which is able to restore peripheral sensory feedback mechanism. The underlying mechanism of this so-called 'osseoperception' phenomenon remains a matter of debate. The following article reveals the histological, neurophysiologic and psychophysical aspects of osseoperception. A comprehensive research to provide scientific evidence of osseoperception was carried out using various online resources such as Pubmed, Google scholar etc to retrieve studies published between 1985 to 2014 using the following keywords: "osseoperception", "mechanoreceptors", "tactile sensibility". Published data suggests that a peripheral feedback pathway can be restored with osseointegrated implants. This implant-mediated sensory-motor control may have important clinical implications in the normal functioning of the implant supported prosthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishrut Mohan Bhatnagar
- Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital , Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyoti T Karani
- Professor and HOD, Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital , Maharashtra, India
| | - Anshul Khanna
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital , Maharashtra, India
| | - Praveen Badwaik
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital , Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashutosh Pai
- Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital , Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
β2-Adrenergic signal transduction plays a detrimental role in subchondral bone loss of temporomandibular joint in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26219508 PMCID: PMC4518212 DOI: 10.1038/srep12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study tested whether activation of the sympathetic tone by aberrant joint loading elicits abnormal subchondral bone remodeling in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis. Abnormal dental occlusion was created in experimental rats, which were then intraperitoneally injected by saline, propranolol or isoproterenol. The norepinephrine contents, distribution of sympathetic nerve fibers, expression of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) and remodeling parameters in the condylar subchondral bone were investigated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from condylar subchondral bones were harvested for comparison of their β-ARs, pro-osteoclastic gene expressions and pro-osteoclastic function. Increases in norepinephrine level, sympathetic nerve fiber distribution and β2-AR expression were observed in the condylar subchondral bone of experimental rats, together with subchondral bone loss and increased osteoclast activity. β-antagonist (propranolol) suppressed subchondral bone loss and osteoclast hyperfunction while β-agonist (isoproterenol) exacerbated those responses. MSCs from experimental condylar subchondral bone expressed higher levels of β2-AR and RANKL; norepinephrine stimulation further increased their RANKL expression and pro-osteoclastic function. These effects were blocked by inhibition of β2-AR or the PKA pathway. RANKL expression by MSCs decreased after propranolol administration and increased after isoproterenol administration. It is concluded that β2-AR signal-mediated subchondral bone loss in TMJ osteoarthritisis associated with increased RANKL secretion by MSCs.
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang Y, Jacobs R, Van Dessel J, Bornstein MM, Lambrichts I, Politis C. A systematic review on the innervation of peri-implant tissues with special emphasis on the influence of implant placement and loading protocols. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015; 26:737-46. [PMID: 24502689 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review the available literature on the influence of dental implant placement and loading protocols on peri-implant innervation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The database MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, OpenGrey and hand searching were used to identify the studies published up to July 2013, with a populations, exposures and outcomes (PEO) search strategy using MeSH keywords, focusing on the question: Is there, and if so, what is the effect of time between tooth extraction and implant placement or implant loading on neural fibre content in the peri-implant hard and soft tissues? RESULTS Of 683 titles retrieved based on the standardized search strategy, only 10 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, five evaluating the innervation of peri-implant epithelium, five elucidating the sensory function in peri-implant bone. Three included studies were considered having a methodology of medium quality and the rest were at low quality. All those papers reported a sensory innervation around osseointegrated implants, either in the bone-implant interface or peri-implant epithelium, which expressed a particular innervation pattern. Compared to unloaded implants or extraction sites without implantation, a significant higher density of nerve fibres around loaded dental implants was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS To date, the published literature describes peri-implant innervation with a distinct pattern in hard and soft tissues. Implant loading seems to increase the density of nerve fibres in peri-implant tissues, with insufficient evidence to distinguish between the innervation patterns following immediate and delayed implant placement and loading protocols. Variability in study design and loading protocols across the literature and a high risk of bias in the studies included may contribute to this inconsistency, revealing the need for more uniformity in reporting, randomized controlled trials, longer observation periods and standardization of protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, OIC, OMFS IMPATH research group, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Oral Implant Center, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- Department Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, OIC, OMFS IMPATH research group, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Van Dessel
- Department Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, OIC, OMFS IMPATH research group, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, OIC, OMFS IMPATH research group, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Section of Dental Radiology and Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Laboratory of Morphology, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Constantinus Politis
- Department Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, OIC, OMFS IMPATH research group, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Banu R F, Veeravalli PT, Kumar V A. Comparative Evaluation of Changes in Brain Activity and Cognitive Function of Edentulous Patients, with Dentures and Two-Implant Supported Mandibular Overdenture-Pilot Study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2015; 18:580-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Banu R
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dental Science; Sri Ramachandra University; Chennai Tamilnadu India
| | - Padmanabhan T. Veeravalli
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dental Science; Sri Ramachandra University; Chennai Tamilnadu India
| | - Anand Kumar V
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dental Science; Sri Ramachandra University; Chennai Tamilnadu India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sensory innervation around immediately vs. delayed loaded implants: a pilot study. Int J Oral Sci 2015; 7:49-55. [PMID: 25214361 PMCID: PMC4817539 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although neurophysiological and psychophysical proof of osseoperception is accumulating, histomorphometric evidence for the neural mechanisms of functional compensation following immediate and delayed implant loading is still lacking. For this randomized split-mouth study, six mongrel dogs randomly received one of four treatment protocols at 36 implant-recipient sites over 16 weeks (third maxillary incisor, third and fourth mandibular premolar): immediate implant placement and immediate loading (IIP+IL); delayed implant placement and delayed loading (DIP+DL); delayed implant placement and immediate loading (DIP+IL); and natural extraction socket healing (control). Histomorphometry was performed in the peri-implant bone and soft tissues within 300 µm around the implants. Immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the presence of neural structures and to reveal their ultrastructural characteristics, respectively. Myelinated nerve fibres densely populated the peri-implant crestal gingival and apical regions, although they were also identified in the woven bone and in the osteons near the implant threads. Compared with the control group in the mandible, the group that received IIP+IL showed a higher innervation (in N⋅mm−2, 5.94±1.12 vs. 3.15±0.63, P<0.001) and smaller fibre diameter (in µm, 1.37±0.05 vs. 1.64±0.13, P=0.016), smaller axon diameter (in µm, 0.89±0.05 vs. 1.24±0.10, P=0.009) and g-ratio (0.64±0.04 vs. 0.76±0.05, P<0.001) in the middle region around the implants. Compared with DIP+IL in the mandible, IIP+IL had a higher nerve density (in N⋅mm−2, 13.23±2.54 vs. 9.64±1.86, P=0.027), greater fibre diameter (in µm, 1.32±0.02 vs. 1.20±0.04, P=0.021), greater axon diameter (in µm, 0.92±0.01 vs. 0.89±0.03, P=0.035) and lower g-ratio (0.69±0.01 vs. 0.74±0.01, P=0.033) in the apical region around the implants. It may be assumed that the treatment protocol with IIP+IL is the preferred method to allow optimized peri-implant re-innervation, but further functional measurements are still required.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiao K, Niu L, Xu X, Liu Y, Li X, Tay FR, Wang M. Norepinephrine Regulates Condylar Bone Loss via Comorbid Factors. J Dent Res 2015; 94:813-20. [PMID: 25818584 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515577677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative changes of condylar subchondral bone occur frequently in temporomandibular disorders. Although psychologic stresses and occlusal abnormalities have been implicated in temporomandibular disorder, it is not known if these risks represent synergistic comorbid factors that are involved in condylar subchondral bone degradation that is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system. In the present study, chronic immobilization stress (CIS), chemical sympathectomy, and unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) were sequentially applied in a murine model. Norepinephrine contents in the subjects' serum and condylar subchondral bone were detected by ELISA; bone and cartilage remodeling parameters and related gene expression in the subchondral bone were examined. Subchondral bone loss and increased subchondral bone norepinephrine level were observed in the CIS and UAC groups. These groups exhibited decreased bone mineral density, volume fraction, and bone formation rate; decreased expressions of osterix, collagen I, and osteocalcin; but increased trabecular separation, osteoclast number and surface, and RANKL expression. Combined CIS + UAC produced more severe subchondral bone loss, higher bone norepinephrine level, and decreased chondrocyte density and cartilage thickness when compared to CIS or UAC alone. Sympathectomy simultaneously prevented subchondral bone loss and decreased bone norepinephrine level in all experimental subgroups when compared to the vehicle-treated counterparts. Norepinephrine also decreased mRNA expression of osterix, collagen I, and osteocalcin by mesenchymal stem cells at 7 and 14 d of stimulation and increased the expression of RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio by mesenchymal stem cells at 2 h. In conclusion, CIS and UAC synergistically promote condylar subchondral bone loss and cartilage degradation; such processes are partially regulated by norepinephrine within subchondral bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Xu
- Undergraduate Department of Oral Science, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Li
- Undergraduate Department of Oral Science, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - F R Tay
- College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Reagents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - M Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sato T, Miyazawa K, Suzuki Y, Mizutani Y, Uchibori S, Asaoka R, Arai M, Togari A, Goto S. Selective β2-adrenergic Antagonist Butoxamine Reduces Orthodontic Tooth Movement. J Dent Res 2014; 93:807-12. [PMID: 24868013 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514536730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in bone metabolism has attracted attention. β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) is presented on osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells. We previously demonstrated that β-AR blockers at low dose improve osteoporosis with hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system via β2-AR blocking, while they may have a somewhat inhibitory effect on osteoblastic activity at high doses. In this study, the effects of butoxamine (BUT), a specific β2-AR antagonist, on tooth movement were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) showing osteoporosis with hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. We administered BUT (1 mg/kg) orally, and closed-coil springs were inserted into the upper-left first molar. After sacrifice, we calculated the amount of tooth movement and analyzed the trabecular microarchitecture and histomorphometry. The distance in the SHR control was greater than that in the Wistar-Kyoto rat group, but no significant difference was found in the SHR treated with BUT compared with the Wistar-Kyoto rat control. Analysis of bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular number, and osteoclast surface per bone surface in the alveolar bone showed clear bone loss by an increase of bone resorption in SHR. In addition, BUT treatment resulted in a recovery of alveolar bone loss. Furthermore, TH-immunoreactive nerves in the periodontal ligament were increased by tooth movement, and BUT administration decreased TH-immunoreactive nerves. These results suggest that BUT prevents alveolar bone loss and orthodontic tooth movement via β2-AR blocking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Sato
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Miyazawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Mizutani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Uchibori
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - R Asaoka
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Arai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan Department of Dental Hygiene, Aichi-Gakuin Junior College, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Togari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Goto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Higaki N, Goto T, Ishida Y, Watanabe M, Tomotake Y, Ichikawa T. Do sensation differences exist between dental implants and natural teeth?: a meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013; 25:1307-1310. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Higaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| | - Takaharu Goto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| | - Yuichi Ishida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| | - Yoritoki Tomotake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology; Institute of Health Biosciences; The University of Tokushima; Tokushima Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma L, Xiang L, Yao Y, Yuan Q, Li L, Gong P. CGRP-alpha application: a potential treatment to improve osseoperception of endosseous dental implants. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81:297-9. [PMID: 23707511 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants have been used to restore missing teeth for several decades. However, the capacity of implants to feel the mechanical stimuli and transmit neural signals remains lower than that of natural teeth. The poor osseoperception of dental implants is due to the absence of periodontal ligaments and Ruffini-like endings as well as the secondary injury during the implant surgery and then the insufficient regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve fibers around the implants. It is a hot topic to improve the quantity and density of peripheral nerve fibers or mechanoreceptors around endosseous dental implants. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-alpha (αCGRP), a neuropeptide widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, is found to be upregulated in regenerating axons within injury zones and be capable of promoting local Schwann cells proliferation, which is critical for partnering during peripheral nerve regeneration. Moreover, researches show that αCGRP is a potent vasodilator and a physiologic activator of bone formation. Thus, we hypothesize that local application of αCGRP may promote peripheral nerve fibers regeneration during the bone healing progress after dental implant surgery, thus improve the osseoperception of dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kondo M, Kondo H, Miyazawa K, Goto S, Togari A. Experimental tooth movement-induced osteoclast activation is regulated by sympathetic signaling. Bone 2013; 52:39-47. [PMID: 23000507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Experimental tooth movement (ETM) changes the distribution of sensory nerve fibers in periodontal ligament and the bone architecture through the stimulation of bone remodeling. As the sympathetic nervous system is involved in bone remodeling, we examined whether ETM is controlled by sympathetic signaling or not. In male mice, elastic rubber was inserted between upper left first molar (M1) and second molar (M2) for 3 or 5 days. Nerve fibers immunoreactive for not only sensory neuromarkers, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), but also sympathetic neuromarkers, such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were increased in the periodontal ligament during ETM. To elucidate the effect of the sympathetic signal mediated by ETM, mice were intraperitoneally injected with a β-antagonist, propranolol (PRO: 20 μg/g/day), or a β-agonist, isoproterenol (ISO: 5 μg/g/day) from 7 days before ETM. PRO treatment suppressed the amount of tooth movement by 12.9% in 3-day ETM and by 32.2% in 5-day ETM compared with vehicle treatment. On the other hand, ISO treatment increased it. Furthermore, ETM remarkably increased the osteoclast number on the bone surface (alveolar socket) (Oc.N/BS) in all drug treatments. PRO treatment suppressed Oc.N/BS by 39.4% in 3-day ETM, while ISO treatment increased it by 32.1% in 3-day ETM compared with vehicle treatment. Chemical sympathectomy using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA: 250 μg/g) showed results similar to those for PRO treatment in terms of both the amount of tooth movement and osteoclast parameters. Our data showed that blockade of sympathetic signaling inhibited the tooth movement and osteoclast increase induced by ETM, and stimulation of sympathetic signaling accelerated these responses. These data suggest that the mechano-adaptive response induced by ETM is controlled by sympathetic signaling through osteoclast activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayo Kondo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
He H, Yao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Gong P. A novel bionic design of dental implant for promoting its long-term success using nerve growth factor (NGF): utilizing nano-springs to construct a stress-cushioning structure inside the implant. Med Sci Monit 2012; 18:HY42-46. [PMID: 22847209 PMCID: PMC3560710 DOI: 10.12659/msm.883253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of periodontium causes masticatory load in excess of the self-repairing potential of peri-implant bone; peri-implant bone loss caused by occlusal overload is not uncommon in patients and greatly diminishes chances of long-term success. Regenerative treatments may be useful in inducing peri-implant bone regeneration, but are only stopgap solutions to the aftermaths caused by the imperfect biomechanical compatibility of the dental implant. Despite promising success, the tissue-engineered periodontal ligament still needs a period of time to be perfected before being clinically applied. Hence, we propose a novel design of dental implant that utilizes nano-springs to construct a stress-cushioning structure inside the implant. Many studies have shown that NGF, a neurotrophin, is effective for nerve regeneration in both animal and clinical studies. Moreover, NGF has the potential to accelerate bone healing in patients with fracture and fracture nonunion and improve osseointegration of the implant. The key point of the design is to reduce stress concentrated around peri-implant bone by cushioning masticatory forces and distributing them to all the peri-implant bone through nano-springs, and promote osseoperception and osseointegration by NGF-induced nerve regeneration and new bone formation. This design, which transfers the main biomechanical interface of the implant from outside to inside, if proven to be valid, may to some extent compensate for the functions of lost periodontium in stress cushioning and proprioception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yanying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
GOTO T, NISHINAKA H, KASHIWABARA T, NAGAO K, ICHIKAWA T. Main occluding area in partially edentulous patients: changes before and after implant treatment. J Oral Rehabil 2012; 39:677-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
34
|
Nagpal S, Kamath S, Thakur S, Kulkarni S. Correlation between occlusal forces and marginal bone levels around implant-retained restorations: a clinico-radiological study. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2010; 38:261-9. [PMID: 21189073 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The study measured the maximal occlusal forces (MOFs) and marginal bone levels (MBLs) around single implant-retained restorations over a period of 1 year and studied the correlation between them. Results showed that there was no change in MOFs at the end of 1 year and that the MBLs were stabilized by the end of 1 year. There was no statistically significant correlation between MOFs and MBLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Nagpal
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences, Sattur, Dharwad, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yuan Q, Liao D, Yang X, Li X, Wei N, Tan Z, Gong P. Effect of implant surface microtopography on proliferation, neurotrophin secretion, and gene expression of Schwann cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 93:381-8. [PMID: 19569220 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different implant surface properties on the morphology, proliferation, neurotrophin secretion, and gene expression of Schwann cells. Four types of implant surfaces, including ground (smooth surface), sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA), hydroxyapatite-coated (HA), and titanium plasma spray (TPS) surfaces were fabricated and photographed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Schwann cells derived from neonatal rats were cultured on the implant surfaces and assessed via SEM observation and methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. The secretions and mRNA levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real time RT-PCR, respectively, on days 3 and 7. Tissue culture plastic was used as a control. The results demonstrated that Schwann cells exhibited typical bipolar spindle morphology on various surfaces, and proliferated faster than the control. Neurotrophin secretion and gene expression of both BDNF and NGF were also increased by implant surfaces. This study suggests that the function of Schwann cells can be enhanced by implant implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jung H, Horiuchi M, Soma K. Changes in the distribution of nerve fibers immunoreactive to calcitonin gene-related peptide according to growth and aging in rat molar periodontal ligament. Angle Orthod 2010; 80:309-315. [PMID: 19905856 PMCID: PMC8973216 DOI: 10.2319/040109-185.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the age-dependent changes in nerve fibers immunoreactive to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-ir) in the periodontal ligaments of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar-ST rats were divided into growing groups (5, 9, and 15 weeks of age) and aging groups (6, 12, and 24 months of age) (n = 5 in each group). Eight serial sagittal sections, 5 microm thick, were cut parallel to the distobuccal root of the maxillary right first molar. These tissues were stained with a rabbit monoclonal antibody against CGRP. The observation area was divided into three parts (mesial, apical, and distal) and observed using a light microscope. RESULTS CGRP-ir nerve fibers were primarily distributed in the apical periodontal ligament in the growing group, with significantly more fibers than in the aging group. CONCLUSIONS CGRP-ir nerve fibers in the periodontal ligament are dense during the growth period and decrease gradually with aging, indicating that CGRP may affect periodontal tissue with growth and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hangsul Jung
- Orthodontic Science, Department of Orofacial Development and Function, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sverdlova NS, Witzel U. Principles of determination and verification of muscle forces in the human musculoskeletal system: Muscle forces to minimise bending stress. J Biomech 2010; 43:387-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
38
|
Gross MD. Occlusion in implant dentistry. A review of the literature of prosthetic determinants and current concepts. Aust Dent J 2008; 53 Suppl 1:S60-8. [PMID: 18498587 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2008.00043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Today the clinician is faced with widely varying concepts regarding the number, location, distribution and inclination of implants required to support the functional and parafunctional demands of occlusal loading. Primary clinical dilemmas of planning for maximal or minimal numbers of implants, their axial inclination, lengths and required volume and quality of supporting bone remain largely unanswered by adequate clinical outcome research. Planning and executing optimal occlusion schemes is an integral part of implant supported restorations. In its wider sense this includes considerations of multiple inter-relating factors of ensuring adequate bone support, implant location number, length, distribution and inclination, splinting, vertical dimension aesthetics, static and dynamic occlusal schemes and more. Current concepts and research on occlusal loading and overloading are reviewed together with clinical outcome and biomechanical studies and their clinical relevance discussed. A comparison between teeth and implants regarding their proprioceptive properties and mechanisms of supporting functional and parafunctional loading is made and clinical applications made regarding current concepts in restoring the partially edentulous dentition. The relevance of occlusal traumatism and fatigue microdamage alone or in combination with periodontal or peri-implant inflammation is reviewed and applied to clinical considerations regarding splinting of adjacent implants and teeth, posterior support and eccentric guidance schemes. Occlusal restoration of the natural dentition has classically been divided into considerations of planning for sufficient posterior support, occlusal vertical dimension and eccentric guidance to provide comfort and aesthetics. Mutual protection and anterior disclusion have come to be considered as acceptable therapeutic modalities. These concepts have been transferred to the restoration of implant-supported restoration largely by default. However, in light of differences in the supporting mechanisms of implants and teeth many questions remain unanswered regarding the suitability of these modalities for implant supported restorations. These will be discussed and an attempt made to provide some current clinical axioms based where possible on the best available evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Gross
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Tel Aviv School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yan C, Ye L, Zhen J, Ke L, Gang L. Neuroplasticity of edentulous patients with implant-supported full dentures. Eur J Oral Sci 2008; 116:387-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2008.00557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
40
|
Peripheral nerve may regulate the jaw bone resorption after tooth extraction. Med Hypotheses 2008; 71:414-7. [PMID: 18514432 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2008] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A various amount of alveolar ridge resorption is likely to occur after tooth extraction, making it difficult to restore the missing teeth with either endosseous dental implants or prosthodontics approaches. It is commonly thought that the bone resorption is due to the absence of the mechanical stimulation from the occlusal force. However, regulation of the bone mass is a complex homeostatic system involved in hormonal, paracrine/autocrine, mechanical and neuronal nature. Studies have shown that the central and peripheral nervous system play an important role in bone remodeling. The hypothalamus integrates peripheral and central signals, and sends efferent hormonal and neuronal signals in response to stimulation. Numerous neuropeptides detected in the bone marrow have effect on the osteoblast and osteoclast. After tooth extraction, great loss of the axons is observed in the edentulous bone. So we speculate that innervation in the alveolar bone regulates the bone resorption in edentulous area. Methods to promote the nerve regeneration are expected to prevent the jaw bone resorption. The hypothesis also implies that after the placement of the oral implant the abundant nerves in the alveolar bone can increase the bone healing ability and long term survival rate of the implant.
Collapse
|
41
|
Batista M, Bonachela W, Soares J. Progressive recovery of osseoperception as a function of the combination of implant-supported prostheses. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008; 19:565-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
42
|
Gomez C, David V, Peet NM, Vico L, Chenu C, Malaval L, Skerry TM. Absence of mechanical loading in utero influences bone mass and architecture but not innervation in Myod-Myf5-deficient mice. J Anat 2007; 210:259-71. [PMID: 17331176 PMCID: PMC2100282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00698.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the responses of bone to increased loading or exercise have been studied in detail, our understanding of the effects of decreased usage of the skeleton has been limited by the scarcity of suitable models. Such models should ideally not affect bone innervation, which appears to be a mediator of physiological responses of bone to unloading. MyoD-/-/Myf5-/- (dd/ff) mice lack skeletal muscle, so the fetuses develop without any active movement in utero and die soon after birth. We used micro-compter tomography and histology to analyse their bone development and structure during endochondral ossification in parallel with the establishment of bone innervation. Long bones from mutant mice were found to be profoundly different from controls, with shorter mineralized zones and less mineralization. They lacked many characteristics of adult bones - curvatures, changes in shaft diameter and traction epiphyses where muscles originate or insert - that were evident in the controls. Histologically, dd/ff mice showed the same degree of endochondral development as wild-type animals, but presented many more osteoclasts in the newly layed bone. Innervation and the expression pattern of semaphorin-3A signalling molecules were not disturbed in the mutants. Overall, we have found no evidence for a major defect of development in dd/ff mice, and specifically no alteration or delay in endochondral ossification and bone innervation. The altered morphological features of dd/ff mice and the increased bone resorption show the role of muscle activity in bone shaping and the consequences of bone unloading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Gomez
- INSERM, E0366Saint-Etienne, FranceIFR62Lyon, FranceUniversité Jean Monnet, Faculté de MédecineSaint-Etienne, France
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Valentin David
- INSERM, E0366Saint-Etienne, FranceIFR62Lyon, FranceUniversité Jean Monnet, Faculté de MédecineSaint-Etienne, France
| | - Nicola M Peet
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM, E0366Saint-Etienne, FranceIFR62Lyon, FranceUniversité Jean Monnet, Faculté de MédecineSaint-Etienne, France
| | - Chantal Chenu
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Luc Malaval
- INSERM, E0366Saint-Etienne, FranceIFR62Lyon, FranceUniversité Jean Monnet, Faculté de MédecineSaint-Etienne, France
| | - Timothy M Skerry
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Marenzana M, De Souza RL, Chenu C. Blockade of beta-adrenergic signaling does not influence the bone mechano-adaptive response in mice. Bone 2007; 41:206-15. [PMID: 17543595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2007.04.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in the modulation of bone adaptation to its load-bearing demand remains controversial. This study tested the involvement of SNS in the adaptive response of trabecular and cortical bone to either external loading or disuse. External loading consisted of cyclic strain (40 cycles, peak 1500 microstrain) applied for 7 min, 3 days/week, while disuse was induced by unilateral sciatic neurectomy (SN). C57Bl/J6 mice, female, 9 weeks old, were subjected to loading or disuse for 2 weeks. Half of the loaded and SN mice were injected with the beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol (PRO, 20 mug/g) 1 week before the start of loading or disuse and during all the duration of the experiment. MicroCT analysis of the tibiae showed that the applied load induced significant changes on both trabecular architecture and cortical geometry compared to the contralateral controls, indicating increased bone mass. In contrast, disuse markedly reduced trabecular and cortical indexes. However, these adaptive responses were not altered by PRO treatment. We further tested whether the lack of protective effect of PRO against disuse-induced bone loss was due to the very short duration of treatment by blocking SNS signaling for 8 weeks with either PRO (0.5 mg/ml in drinking water) or guanethidine sulfate (GS, 40 mug/g, injected). At the end of fourth week of treatment, mice underwent SN surgery so that disuse was induced for the remaining 4 weeks. Again, neither PRO nor GS treatments altered the disuse-induced bone loss in the neurectomized tibia. In addition, blockade of SNS signaling for either 3 or 8 weeks did not affect the basal trabecular bone architecture in control tibiae and in L4 vertebrae. This study shows that the mechano-adaptive response occurring in trabecular and cortical bone upon loading or disuse is not altered by inactivation of beta-adrenergic signaling. Furthermore, sympathectomy had no effect on trabecular bone at different skeletal sites. This suggests that the osteo-regulatory action of beta-adrenergic signaling is not involved in the bone mechano-adaptive response and must therefore affect other bone regulatory pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Marenzana
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Sensory perception thresholds of implants were much higher than those of natural teeth.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of TiO2/HA-biocoated dental
implants for nerve regeneration using cultured Schwann cells. The nano-TiO2/HA composite
bioceramic coating was developed on the surfaces of commercially pure titanium discs by sol-gel
route, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Using smooth titanium discs as a control, Schwann cell responses to the coating were evaluated by
SEM, MTT assay, total protein content and leakage of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
activity. In addition, the amount of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) secreted by Schwann
cells was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). It was observed that the
coating had fine crystallites and homogeneous micropores in the diameter of 5-10 um. The cell
morphology, proliferation and function were unaffected. The results indicate that the TiO2/HA
bioceramic coating developed on the surface of pure titanium by sol-gel route had good
biocompatibility with Schwann cells for nerve regeneration around dental implants.
Collapse
|
45
|
Jacobs R, Van Steenberghe D. From osseoperception to implant-mediated sensory-motor interactions and related clinical implications. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:282-92. [PMID: 16629883 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2006.01621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osseointegration of implants in the jaw bone has been studied thoroughly, dealing with various aspects such as bone apposition, bone quality, microbiology, biomechanics, aesthetics, etc. A key issue that has received much less attention is the physiologic integration of the implant(s) and the associated prosthesis in the body. The latter aspect is however very important to obtain new insights in oral functioning with implant-supported prostheses. Amputated patients rehabilitated with a lower limb prosthesis anchored to the bone by means of an osseointegrated implant, have reported that they could recognize the type of soil they were walking on. Clinical observations on patients with oral implants, have confirmed a special sensory perception skill. The underlying mechanism of this so-called 'osseoperception' phenomenon remains a matter of debate, because extraction of teeth involves elimination of the extremely sensitive periodontal ligaments while functional reinnervation around implants is still uncertain. Histological, neurophysiological and psychophysical evidence of osseoperception have been collected, making the assumption more likely that a proper peripheral feedback pathway can be restored when using osseointegrated implants. This implant-mediated sensory-motor control may have important clinical implications, because a more natural functioning with implant-supported prostheses can be attempted. It may open doors for global integration in the human body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jacobs
- Laboratory of Oral Physiology, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Akça K, Uysal S, Cehreli MC. Implant-tooth-supported fixed partial prostheses: correlations between in vivo occlusal bite forces and marginal bone reactions. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006; 17:331-6. [PMID: 16672030 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate maximal occlusal bite forces (MOF) and marginal bone level (MBL) changes in patients with implant-tooth-supported fixed partial prostheses (FPP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty nine partially edentulous patients consecutively who received 34 three-occlusal unit FPP with terminal implant and tooth support were subjected to quantification of MOFs using a sub-miniature load cell connected to a data acquisition system and measurement of the MBL changes around implants in digitalized periapical radiographs obtained at prostheses delivery and 24-month follow-up. RESULTS MOFs for implant support (mean: 353.61 N) significantly differed from tooth support (mean: 275.48 N) (P < 0.05), while gender did not influence MOFs (P > 0.05). MBL changes at mesial and distal sites of the implants at 24 months of functional loading were 0.28 and 0.097 mm respectively. CONCLUSION Although MOFs under functional loading might indicate an increase in load participation for supporting implant, the rigid connection between implant and natural tooth via three-occlusal unit FPP does not jeopardize the time-dependent MBL stability of the implant under functional loads.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Alveolar Bone Loss/diagnostic imaging
- Alveolar Bone Loss/physiopathology
- Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging
- Alveolar Process/physiology
- Bite Force
- Dental Abutments
- Dental Implants
- Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
- Denture Design
- Denture, Partial, Fixed
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/rehabilitation
- Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/surgery
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Periapical Tissue/diagnostic imaging
- Periapical Tissue/physiology
- Prospective Studies
- Radiography, Dental, Digital
- Sex Factors
- Stress, Mechanical
- Tooth/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kivanç Akça
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abarca M, Van Steenberghe D, Malevez C, Jacobs R. The neurophysiology of osseointegrated oral implants. A clinically underestimated aspect. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:161-9. [PMID: 16512881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amputation of a limb or a tooth leads to the loss of a large number of exteroceptors. These play an important role in sensory perception and feedback, which tune the motor control. Even after rehabilitation with a prosthetic device, tactile function remains impaired. This can present a subsequent risk of overloading the prosthesis. The peri-implant interface of oral osseointegrated implants is characterized by the absence of a periodontal ligament, a crucial difference towards the natural dentition, from a biomechanical but also from a neurophysiologic point of view. Patients rehabilitated with osseointegrated implants seem subjectively not much impaired in their masticatory and other oral functions. This observation might be linked to the presence of some peripheral feedback pathway to the sensory cortex. It may be attributed to the activation of receptors in the peri-implant environment (either bone or periosteum). This phenomenon called osseoperception, when it relates to the consciousness of the applied stimuli, has been described for both oral and skeletal implants. In the present review, besides osseoperecption other neurophysiological aspects of oral implants, such their reflex function, will be outlined and their clinical meaning pointed out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Abarca
- Laboratory of Oral Physiology, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
de Souza RL, Pitsillides AA, Lanyon LE, Skerry TM, Chenu C. Sympathetic nervous system does not mediate the load-induced cortical new bone formation. J Bone Miner Res 2005; 20:2159-68. [PMID: 16294269 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.050812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2005] [Revised: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The contribution of the SNS to bone's response to mechanical loading is unclear. Using a noninvasive model of axial loading of the murine tibia, we found that sciatic neurectomy enhances load-induced new cortical bone formation and that pharmacological blockade of the SNS does not affect such responses, indicating that the SNS does not mediate the osteogenic effects of loading in cortical bone. INTRODUCTION There is increasing evidence that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributes to the regulation of bone mass and may influence remodeling by modulating bones' response to mechanical load-bearing. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of sciatic neurectomy (SN) on the changes in cortical bone formation induced in response to mechanical loading and to investigate whether the SNS is directly involved in such load-induced responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Accordingly, load-induced responses were compared in tibias of growing and adult control C57Bl/J6 mice and in mice submitted to unilateral SN; noninvasive axial loading that induced 2,000 microstrain on the tibia lateral midshaft cortex was applied cyclically, 5 or 100 days after surgery, for 7 minutes, 3 days/week for 2 weeks, and mice received calcein on the third and last days of loading. Tibias were processed for histomorphometry, and transverse confocal images from diaphyseal sites were analyzed to quantify new cortical bone formation. Chemical SNS inactivation was achieved by prolonged daily treatment with guanethidine sulfate (GS) or by the introduction of propranolol in drinking water. RESULTS Our results show that new cortical bone formation is enhanced by loading in all tibial sites examined and that load-induced periosteal and endosteal new bone formation was greater in the SN groups compared with sham-operated controls. This SN-related enhancement in load-induced cortical bone formation in tibias was more pronounced 100 days after neurectomy than after 5 days, suggesting that longer periods of immobilization promote a greater sensitivity to loading. In contrast, the increases in new bone formation induced in response to mechanical loading were similar in mice treated with either GS or propranolol compared with controls, indicating that inactivation of the SNS has no effect on load-induced cortical new bone formation. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that SN, or the absence of loading function it entails, enhances loading-related new cortical bone formation in the tibia independently of the SNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto L de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Onur MA, Taş Z, Gürpinar A, Sahin S, Cehreli MC. Morphologic, functional and behavioral effects of titanium dioxide exposure on nerves. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004; 15:513-9. [PMID: 15355392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore morphologic, functional, and behavioral effects of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) on nerves. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 17 albino rats were used for nerve conduction experiments, hot-plate tests, and histological evaluation. TiO(2) was implanted unilaterally on the sciatic nerves of five rats. Ten days after surgery, test and control nerves were dissected and their signal transduction speeds were quantified by suction electrodes in a bath containing a Tyrode solution. Twelve rats were divided into three equal groups resulting in equal number of nerves (n=8) for TiO(2) implantation, surgical exposure of the nerves, and for use as controls. One week after surgery, hot-plate tests were undertaken for 10 consecutive days to determine response latencies of the nerves. At the termination of the experiments, the nerves were harvested, processed, and examined under a microscope. RESULTS The signal transduction speeds of TiO(2)-implanted nerves was similar to control specimens (P>0.05). The avoidance responses of TiO(2)-implanted, surgically exposed, and control nerves were comparable (P>0.05). At the cellular level, TiO(2) did not lead to any signs of adverse reactions on nerves. CONCLUSIONS TiO(2), the main oxide surrounding endosseous titanium implants, does not alter the structure and the function of myelinated nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Onur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Onur MA, Cehreli MC, Taş Z, Sahin S. Effects of machined/turned, TiO2-blasted and sandblasted/acid-etched titanium oral implant surfaces on nerve conduction: A study on isolated rat sciatic nerves. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2003; 67:772-8. [PMID: 14598405 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical relevance of the effects of machined/turned, TiO(2)-blasted and sandblasted/acid-etched titanium oral implant surfaces on nerve conduction. Isolated rat sciatic nerves were placed between two suction electrodes in a pyrex bath containing a tyrode solution. Evoked compound action potentials (cAPs) of the nerves were recorded before and after contact with the implants. The mandibular incisors of randomly selected animals were extracted and changes in cAP amplitudes were used as controls. The differences in final cAP values of Astra Tech implants and rat natural teeth were insignificant (P < 0.05), whereas the differences between other groups were significant (P < 0.05). Machined/turned-surface implants did not cause any change in cAPs. A slight decrease in cAPs was observed for TiO(2)-blasted and sandblasted/acid-etched implants, and the natural teeth. The reductions of cAPs in latter groups were not 50% after an application time of 300 min. The cAP changes of nerves contacting TiO(2)-blasted and sandblasted/acid-etched oral implants fall within physiologic limits in vitro. Machined/turned, TiO(2)-blasted, and sandblasted/acid-etched titanium implant surfaces do not lead to irreversible neurotoxic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet A Onur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|