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Liu F, Su R, Jiang X, Wang S, Mu W, Chang L. Advanced micro/nano-electroporation for gene therapy: recent advances and future outlook. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10500-10521. [PMID: 38757536 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01408a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising disease treatment approach by editing target genes, and thus plays a fundamental role in precision medicine. To ensure gene therapy efficacy, the effective delivery of therapeutic genes into specific cells is a key challenge. Electroporation utilizes short electric pulses to physically break the cell membrane barrier, allowing gene transfer into the cells. It dodges the off-target risks associated with viral vectors, and also stands out from other physical-based gene delivery methods with its high-throughput and cargo-accelerating features. In recent years, with the help of advanced micro/nanotechnology, micro/nanostructure-integrated electroporation (micro/nano-electroporation) techniques and devices have significantly improved cell viability, transfection efficiency and dose controllability of the electroporation strategy, enhancing its application practicality especially in vivo. This technical advancement makes micro/nano-electroporation an effective and versatile tool for gene therapy. In this review, we first introduce the evolution of electroporation technique with a brief explanation of the perforation mechanism, and then provide an overview of the recent advancements and prospects of micro/nano-electroporation technology in the field of gene therapy. To comprehensively showcase the latest developments of micro/nano-electroporation technology in gene therapy, we focus on discussing micro/nano-electroporation devices and current applications at both in vitro and in vivo levels. Additionally, we outline the ongoing clinical studies of gene electrotransfer (GET), revealing the tremendous potential of electroporation-based gene delivery in disease treatment and healthcare. Lastly, the challenges and future directions in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rongtai Su
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinran Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lingqian Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Outhwaite IR, Singh S, Berger BT, Knapp S, Chodera JD, Seeliger MA. Death by a thousand cuts through kinase inhibitor combinations that maximize selectivity and enable rational multitargeting. eLife 2023; 12:e86189. [PMID: 38047771 PMCID: PMC10769483 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors are successful therapeutics in the treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases and are useful tools in biomedical research. However, the high sequence and structural conservation of the catalytic kinase domain complicate the development of selective kinase inhibitors. Inhibition of off-target kinases makes it difficult to study the mechanism of inhibitors in biological systems. Current efforts focus on the development of inhibitors with improved selectivity. Here, we present an alternative solution to this problem by combining inhibitors with divergent off-target effects. We develop a multicompound-multitarget scoring (MMS) method that combines inhibitors to maximize target inhibition and to minimize off-target inhibition. Additionally, this framework enables optimization of inhibitor combinations for multiple on-targets. Using MMS with published kinase inhibitor datasets we determine potent inhibitor combinations for target kinases with better selectivity than the most selective single inhibitor and validate the predicted effect and selectivity of inhibitor combinations using in vitro and in cellulo techniques. MMS greatly enhances selectivity in rational multitargeting applications. The MMS framework is generalizable to other non-kinase biological targets where compound selectivity is a challenge and diverse compound libraries are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Outhwaite
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookUnited States
| | - Sukrit Singh
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookUnited States
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - John D Chodera
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Markus A Seeliger
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookUnited States
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ÖZDAŞ T, ÖZDAŞ S, CANATAR İ, ÇOŞKUN E, ŞENYURT EB, GÖRGÜLÜ O. CRM1 expression: association with high prognostic value in laryngeal cancer. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:909-923. [PMID: 38031942 PMCID: PMC10760544 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal cancer is a very common malignant tumor of the head and neck. While laryngeal cancer does not show any obvious early symptoms, it tends to have a poor prognosis in advanced clinical stages. Chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1) mediates the nuclear export of some RNAs, major and tumor suppressor proteins and has been associated with the pathogenesis of many tumors. However, the clinicopathological significance of CRM1 gene expression in laryngeal cancer has not been clarified yet. Therefore, this study aims to detect the expression of CRM1 in laryngeal cancer and to investigate its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. METHODS CRM1 expression in matched tumor and normal tissues obtained from 43 laryngeal cancer patients were evaluated intracellular for protein and mRNA levels by immunohistochemical staining (IHC), western-blot, and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS IHC, western-blot, and qRT-PCR analyses showed that CRM1 expression was significantly increased in laryngeal cancer tissue compared to normal tissue. Increased expression of CRM1 has been associated with poor prognostic clinicopathological features, including advanced tumor stage, increased tumor invasion, larger tumor size, positive lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and invasive histological type by IHC, western-blot, and qRT-PCR. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high expression of CRM1 exhibited lower overall survival compared to those with low expression (Log-rank = 7.16, p = 0.007). According to the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, elevated CRM1 expression in head and neck cancer including cases of squamous cell laryngeal origin is associated with advanced tumor stage and histological grade (p > 0.05, for all). DISCUSSION Consequently, CRM1 plays an important role in laryngeal cancer and may serve as an indicator and prognostic factor for poor overall survival in laryngeal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talih ÖZDAŞ
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Adana,
Turkiye
| | - Sibel ÖZDAŞ
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana,
Turkiye
| | - İpek CANATAR
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana,
Turkiye
| | - Erdal ÇOŞKUN
- Genomics Team, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA,
USA
| | - Elif Burcu ŞENYURT
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Adana,
Turkiye
| | - Orhan GÖRGÜLÜ
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Adana,
Turkiye
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Figueiredo Prates LH, Merlau M, Rühl-Teichner J, Schetelig MF, Häcker I. An Optimized/Scale Up-Ready Protocol for Extraction of Bacterially Produced dsRNA at Good Yield and Low Costs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119266. [PMID: 37298215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can trigger RNA interference (RNAi) and lead to directed silencing of specific genes. This natural defense mechanism and RNA-based products have been explored for their potential as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative for pest control of species of agricultural importance and disease vectors. Yet, further research, development of new products and possible applications require a cost-efficient production of dsRNA. In vivo transcription of dsRNA in bacterial cells has been widely used as a versatile and inducible system for production of dsRNA combined with a purification step required to extract the dsRNA. Here, we optimized an acidic phenol-based protocol for extraction of bacterially produced dsRNA at low cost and good yield. In this protocol, bacterial cells are efficiently lysed, with no viable bacterial cells present in the downstream steps of the purification. Furthermore, we performed a comparative dsRNA quality and yield assessment of our optimized protocol and other protocols available in the literature and confirmed the cost-efficiency of our optimized protocol by comparing the cost of extraction and yields of each extraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maximilian Merlau
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Johanna Rühl-Teichner
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Irina Häcker
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany
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Chiriches C, Khan D, Wieske M, Guillen N, Rokicki M, Guy C, Wilson M, Heesom KJ, Ottmann OG, Ruthardt M. Activation of signaling pathways in models of t(6;9)-acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:2179-2193. [PMID: 35941390 PMCID: PMC9463248 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients within the WHO-subgroup of t(6;9)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) differ from other AML subgroups as they are characterised by younger age and a grim prognosis. Leukemic transformation can often be attributed to single chromosomal aberrations encoding oncogenes, in the case of t(6;9)-AML to the fusion protein DEK-CAN (also called DEK-NUP214). As being a rare disease there is the urgent need for models of t(6;9)-AML. The only cell line derived from a t(6;9)-AML patient currently available is FKH1. By using phospho-proteomics on FKH1 cells, we found a strongly activated ABL1 kinase. Further investigation revealed the presence of ETV6-ABL1. This finding renders necessary to determine DEK-CAN- and ETV6-ABL1-related features when using FKH1. This can be done as ETV6-ABL1 activity in FKH1 is responsive to imatinib. Nevertheless, we provided evidence that both SFK and mTOR activation in FKH1 are DEK-CAN-related features as they were activated also in other t(6;9) and DEK-CAN-positive models. The activation of STAT5 previously shown to be strong in t(6;9)-AML and activated by DEK-CAN is regulated in FKH1 by both DEK-CAN and ETV6-ABL1. In conclusion, FKH1 cells still represent a model for t(6;9)-AML and could serve as model for ETV6-ABL1-positive AML if the presence of these leukemia-inducing oncogenes is adequately considered.Taken together, all our results provide clear evidence of novel and specific interdependencies between leukemia-inducing oncogenes and cancer signaling pathways which will influence the design of therapeutic strategies to better address the complexity of cancer signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Chiriches
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Dilawar Khan
- Department of Hematology, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maria Wieske
- Department of Hematology, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nathalie Guillen
- Department of Hematology, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michal Rokicki
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Carol Guy
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Marieangela Wilson
- Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol Proteomics Facility, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate J Heesom
- Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol Proteomics Facility, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Oliver Gerhard Ottmann
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Martin Ruthardt
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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In Vitro Validation of the Therapeutic Potential of Dendrimer-Based Nanoformulations against Tumor Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105691. [PMID: 35628503 PMCID: PMC9143703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells with stem cell properties are considered to play major roles in promoting the development and malignant behavior of aggressive cancers. Therapeutic strategies that efficiently eradicate such tumor stem cells are of highest clinical need. Herein, we performed the validation of the polycationic phosphorus dendrimer-based approach for small interfering RNAs delivery in in vitro stem-like cells as models. As a therapeutic target, we chose Lyn, a member of the Src family kinases as an example of a prominent enzyme class widely discussed as a potent anti-cancer intervention point. Our selection is guided by our discovery that Lyn mRNA expression level in glioma, a class of brain tumors, possesses significant negative clinical predictive value, promoting its potential as a therapeutic target for future molecular-targeted treatments. We then showed that anti-Lyn siRNA, delivered into Lyn-expressing glioma cell model reduces the cell viability, a fact that was not observed in a cell model that lacks Lyn-expression. Furthermore, we have found that the dendrimer itself influences various parameters of the cells such as the expression of surface markers PD-L1, TIM-3 and CD47, targets for immune recognition and other biological processes suggested to be regulating glioblastoma cell invasion. Our findings prove the potential of dendrimer-based platforms for therapeutic applications, which might help to eradicate the population of cancer cells with augmented chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, the results further promote our functional stem cell technology as suitable component in early stage drug development.
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Özdaş S, Canatar İ. Targeting of nucleo‑cytoplasmic transport factor exportin 1 in malignancy (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2:2. [PMID: 38938904 PMCID: PMC11208992 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate the entry and exit of molecules from the cell nucleus. Small molecules pass through NPCs by diffusion while large molecules enter and exit the nucleus by karyopherins, which serve as transport factors. Exportin-1 (XPO1) is a protein that is an important member of the karyopherin family and carries macromolecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. XPO1 is responsible for nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of protein, ribosomal RNA and certain required mRNAs for ribosomal biogenesis. Furthermore, XPO1-mediated nuclear export is associated with various types of disease, such as cancer, inflammation and viral infection. The key role of XPO1 in carcinogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target has been demonstrated by previous studies. Clinical use of novel developed generation-specific XPO1 inhibitors and their combination with other agents to block XPO1-mediated nuclear export are a promising new treatment strategy. The aim of the present study was to explain the working mechanism of XPO1 and inhibitors that block XPO1-mediated nuclear export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Özdaş
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - İpek Canatar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
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Wang J, Yu S, Wu Q, Gong X, He S, Shang J, Liu X, Wang F. A Self‐Catabolic Multifunctional DNAzyme Nanosponge for Programmable Drug Delivery and Efficient Gene Silencing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10766-10774. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing Ministry of Agriculture 430062 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shizhen He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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9
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Wang J, Yu S, Wu Q, Gong X, He S, Shang J, Liu X, Wang F. A Self‐Catabolic Multifunctional DNAzyme Nanosponge for Programmable Drug Delivery and Efficient Gene Silencing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing Ministry of Agriculture 430062 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shizhen He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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Mologni L, Marzaro G, Redaelli S, Zambon A. Dual Kinase Targeting in Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E119. [PMID: 33401428 PMCID: PMC7796318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological cancer therapy is often based on the concurrent inhibition of different survival pathways to improve treatment outcomes and to reduce the risk of relapses. While this strategy is traditionally pursued only through the co-administration of several drugs, the recent development of multi-targeting drugs (i.e., compounds intrinsically able to simultaneously target several macromolecules involved in cancer onset) has had a dramatic impact on cancer treatment. This review focuses on the most recent developments in dual-kinase inhibitors used in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and lymphoid tumors, giving details on preclinical studies as well as ongoing clinical trials. A brief overview of dual-targeting inhibitors (kinase/histone deacetylase (HDAC) and kinase/tubulin polymerization inhibitors) applied to leukemia is also given. Finally, the very recently developed Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTAC)-based kinase inhibitors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (L.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Giovanni Marzaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Sara Redaelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (L.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Alfonso Zambon
- Department of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Misra SK, Moitra P, Kondaiah P, Bhattacharya S. Breaking the Barrier of Polynucleotide Size, Type, and Topology in Smad2 Antisense Therapy Using a Cationic Cholesterol Dimer with Flexible Spacer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7712-7721. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Misra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility III, University of Maryland Baltimore, 670 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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12
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Cyr61 Promotes Inflammation of a Gouty Arthritis Model in Rats. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8298615. [PMID: 32774151 PMCID: PMC7396108 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8298615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyr61 is considered a novel proinflammatory factor. Gouty arthritis (GA) is a self-limited inflammatory reaction caused by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. In this study, we assessed the role of Cyr61 in the inflammatory process of GA. Methods We investigated the expression of Cyr61 in MSU-induced rat gout models and MSU-stimulated rat fibroblast-like synovial (FLS) cells. After inhibiting the expression of Cyr61, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were detected by ELISA, qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical methods. We probed the downstream NF-κB signaling pathway using the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC, and levels of NF-κB and p-NF-κB were detected by western blot and qPCR. Results Our results demonstrate that Cyr61 plays a potent role in the formation of local inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Cyr61 was highly expressed in synovial tissues of gout models, and the expression of Cyr61 protein was also significantly increased in MSU-stimulated FLS cells. Cyr61 promoted MSU-induced acute inflammation via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions Our study has revealed that Cyr61 is an important regulatory factor for the initiation of inflammation in GA. The high expression of Cyr61 protein can induce synovial cells to produce many inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, partly in an NF-κB-dependent manner. Thus, inhibition of Cyr61 could be a new target and strategy for the prevention and treatment of GA.
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Das SS, Alkahtani S, Bharadwaj P, Ansari MT, ALKahtani MDF, Pang Z, Hasnain MS, Nayak AK, Aminabhavi TM. Molecular insights and novel approaches for targeting tumor metastasis. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119556. [PMID: 32574684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, due to the effective drug delivery and preciseness of tumor sites or microenvironment, the targeted drug delivery approaches have gained ample attention for tumor metastasis therapy. The conventional treatment approaches for metastasis therapy have reported with immense adverse effects because they exhibited maximum probability of killing the carcinogenic cells along with healthy cells. The tumor vasculature, comprising of vasculogenic impressions and angiogenesis, greatly depends upon the growth and metastasis in the tumors. Therefore, various nanocarriers-based delivery approaches for targeting to tumor vasculature have been attempted as efficient and potential approaches for the treatment of tumor metastasis and the associated lesions. Furthermore, the targeted drug delivery approaches have found to be most apt way to overcome from all the limitations and adverse effects associated with the conventional therapies. In this review, various approaches for efficient targeting of pharmacologically active chemotherapeutics against tumor metastasis with the cohesive objectives of prognosis, tracking and therapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanshu Bharadwaj
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Mohammed Tahir Ansari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Kajang, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Muneera D F ALKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh 11675, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Md Saquib Hasnain
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, NH-24, Rajabpur, Gajraula, Amroha 244236, U.P., India.
| | - Amit Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj 757086, Odisha, India.
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14
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Emerging Therapeutic RNAs for the Targeting of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061365. [PMID: 32466591 PMCID: PMC7352655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor mass consists of a complex ensemble of malignant cancer cells and a wide variety of resident and infiltrating cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix proteins that are referred as tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key TME components that support tumor growth, generating a physical barrier against drugs and immune infiltration, and contributing to regulate malignant progression. Thus, it is largely accepted that therapeutic approaches aimed at hampering the interactions between tumor cells and CAFs can enhance the effectiveness of anti-cancer treatments. In this view, nucleic acid therapeutics have emerged as promising molecules. Here, we summarize recent knowledge about their role in the regulation of CAF transformation and tumor-promoting functions, highlighting their therapeutic utility and challenges.
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15
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Basappa J, Citir M, Zhang Q, Wang HY, Liu X, Melnikov O, Yahya H, Stein F, Muller R, Traynor-Kaplan A, Schultz C, Wasik MA, Ptasznik A. ACLY is the novel signaling target of PIP 2/PIP 3 and Lyn in acute myeloid leukemia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03910. [PMID: 32420483 PMCID: PMC7218026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental feature of tumor progression is reprogramming of metabolic pathways. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a key metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the generation of Acetyl-CoA and is upregulated in cancer cells and required for their growth. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Src-family kinase (SFK) Lyn are constitutively activate in many cancers. We show here, for the first time, that both the substrate and product of PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), respectively, bind to ACLY in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patient-derived, but not normal donor-derived cells. We demonstrate the binding of PIP2 to the CoA-binding domain of ACLY and identify the six tyrosine residues of ACLY that are phosphorylated by Lyn. Three of them (Y682, Y252, Y227) can be also phosphorylated by Src and they are located in catalytic, citrate binding and ATP binding domains, respectively. PI3K and Lyn inhibitors reduce the ACLY enzyme activity, ACLY-mediated Acetyl-CoA synthesis, phospholipid synthesis, histone acetylation and cell growth. Thus, PIP2/PIP3 binding and Src tyrosine kinases-mediated stimulation of ACLY links oncogenic pathways to Acetyl-CoA-dependent pro-growth and survival metabolic pathways in cancer cells. These results indicate a novel function for Lyn, as a regulator of Acetyl-CoA-mediated metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mevlut Citir
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qian Zhang
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Y Wang
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Hafiz Yahya
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Stein
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Muller
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis Traynor-Kaplan
- ATK Innovation, Analytics and Discovery and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carsten Schultz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.,Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Zhou M, Ze K, Wang Y, Li X, Hua L, Lu Y, Chen X, Ding X, Chen S, Ru Y, Zhang M, Li B. Huzhang Tongfeng Granule Improves Monosodium Urate-Induced Inflammation of Gouty Arthritis Rat Model by Downregulation of Cyr61 and Related Cytokines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:9238797. [PMID: 32419834 PMCID: PMC7206887 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9238797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gouty arthritis (GA) is a noninfectious inflammatory disease characterized by self-limited and severe pain. Huzhang Tongfeng granule is one of the most effective traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of acute GA. However, its effects on the inflammatory factors in the process of acute gout inflammation remain unknown. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Huzhang Tongfeng granule on the expressions of Cyr61 and related inflammatory factors in both experimental gout models in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Huzhang Tongfeng granule was provided by the pharmaceutical preparation room of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. The expressions of Cyr61, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in monosodium urate- (MSU-) induced rat models and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were determined by RT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS Huzhang Tongfeng granule could downregulate the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 to some extent by inhibiting the expression of Cyr61. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings indicated that Cyr61 was highly expressed in rat models of gout. By inhibiting the expression of Cyr61, Huzhang Tongfeng granule could partially attenuate the inflammation induced by MSU crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kan Ze
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojie Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Siting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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17
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Lyn regulates creatine uptake in an imatinib-resistant CML cell line. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129507. [PMID: 31881245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib mesylate (imatinib) is the first-line treatment for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) due to its remarkable hematologic and cytogenetic responses. We previously demonstrated that the imatinib-resistant CML cells (Myl-R) contained elevated Lyn activity and intracellular creatine pools compared to imatinib-sensitive Myl cells. METHODS Stable isotope metabolic labeling, media creatine depletion, and Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor experiments were performed to investigate the origin of creatine pools in Myl-R cells. Inhibition and shRNA knockdown were performed to investigate the specific role of Lyn in regulating the Na+/K+-ATPase and creatine uptake. RESULTS Inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump (ouabain, digitoxin), depletion of extracellular creatine or inhibition of Lyn kinase (ponatinib, dasatinib), demonstrated that enhanced creatine accumulation in Myl-R cells was dependent on uptake from the growth media. Creatine uptake was independent of the Na+/creatine symporter (SLC6A8) expression or de novo synthesis. Western blot analyses showed that phosphorylation of the Na+/K+-ATPase on Tyr 10 (Y10), a known regulatory phosphorylation site, correlated with Lyn activity. Overexpression of Lyn in HEK293 cells increased Y10 phosphorylation (pY10) of the Na+/K+-ATPase, whereas Lyn inhibition or shRNA knockdown reduced Na+/K+-ATPase pY10 and decreased creatine accumulation in Myl-R cells. Consistent with enhanced uptake in Myl-R cells, cyclocreatine (Ccr), a cytotoxic creatine analog, caused significant loss of viability in Myl-R compared to Myl cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that Lyn can affect creatine uptake through Lyn-dependent phosphorylation and regulation of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump activity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These studies identify kinase regulation of the Na+/K+-ATPase as pivotal in regulating creatine uptake and energy metabolism in cells.
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18
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Valencia-Serna J, Kucharski C, Chen M, Kc R, Jiang X, Brandwein J, Uludağ H. siRNA-mediated BCR-ABL silencing in primary chronic myeloid leukemia cells using lipopolymers. J Control Release 2019; 310:141-154. [PMID: 31430499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite development of effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), some patients do not effectively respond to the therapy and can display resistance in response to the drug therapy. To develop an alternative approach to CML therapy, we are exploring siRNA mediated silencing of the primary CML oncogene, BCR-ABL, by using non-viral (polymeric) delivery systems. In this study, a group of lipopolymers derived from low molecular PEIs substituted with linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (αLA) and cholesterol (Chol) was investigated for the first time for siRNA delivery to CML primary samples. The delivery efficiency in primary cells was equivalent to CML K562 cell line, and the lipopolymers gave effective internalization of siRNA depending on the nature of lipid substituent. The PEI-αLA (2.5 αLA/PEI), PEI-Chol (2.2 Chol/PEI), and PEI-LA (2.6 LA/PEI) lipopolymers used as BCR-ABL siRNA carriers (at 60 nM siRNA) reduced the BCR-ABL mRNA expression by 17% to 45%, and inhibited the formation of colonies by 24% to 41% in comparison with control siRNA in mononuclear cells. BCR-ABL siRNA treatment reduced the BCR-ABL mRNA expression by 50% in one of two CD34+ samples tested, and combination of BCR-ABL siRNA with imatinib (IM) treatment decreased the colony formation by 65% in one of two samples evaluated. The fact that no single polymer was universally effective in all patient samples may suggest patient-to-patient variability in terms of therapeutic responses to siRNA therapy. These results showed that a low dose of BCR-ABL siRNA could be used with lipopolymers to reduce BCR-ABL mRNA expression, CML cell survival and colony formation. This proof of principle study in CML primary cells can be applied to silencing of other therapeutic targets besides BCR-ABL and a study with larger patient samples is warranted for better identification of effective siRNA carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Valencia-Serna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
| | - Cezary Kucharski
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Min Chen
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
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19
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Beyond TCR Signaling: Emerging Functions of Lck in Cancer and Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143500. [PMID: 31315298 PMCID: PMC6679228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) has emerged as one of the key molecules regulating T-cell functions. Studies using Lck knock-out mice or Lck-deficient T-cell lines have shown that Lck regulates the initiation of TCR signaling, T-cell development, and T-cell homeostasis. Because of the crucial role of Lck in T-cell responses, strategies have been employed to redirect Lck activity to improve the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and to potentiate T-cell responses in cancer immunotherapy. In addition to the well-studied role of Lck in T cells, evidence has been accumulated suggesting that Lck is also expressed in the brain and in tumor cells, where it actively takes part in signaling processes regulating cellular functions like proliferation, survival and memory. Therefore, Lck has emerged as a novel druggable target molecule for the treatment of cancer and neuronal diseases. In this review, we will focus on these new functions of Lck.
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20
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Naboulsi I, Aboulmouhajir A, Kouisni L, Bekkaoui F, Yasri A. Combining a QSAR Approach and Structural Analysis to Derive an SAR Map of Lyn Kinase Inhibition. Molecules 2018; 23:E3271. [PMID: 30544914 PMCID: PMC6320833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyn kinase, a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, is mainly expressed by various hematopoietic cells, neural and adipose tissues. Abnormal Lyn kinase regulation causes various diseases such as cancers. Thus, Lyn represents, a potential target to develop new antitumor drugs. In the present study, using 176 molecules (123 training set molecules and 53 test set molecules) known by their inhibitory activities (IC50) against Lyn kinase, we constructed predictive models by linking their physico-chemical parameters (descriptors) to their biological activity. The models were derived using two different methods: the generalized linear model (GLM) and the artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN Model provided the best prediction precisions with a Square Correlation coefficient R² = 0.92 and a Root of the Mean Square Error RMSE = 0.29. It was able to extrapolate to the test set successfully (R² = 0.91 and RMSE = 0.33). In a second step, we have analyzed the used descriptors within the models as well as the structural features of the molecules in the training set. This analysis resulted in a transparent and informative SAR map that can be very useful for medicinal chemists to design new Lyn kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Naboulsi
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660⁻Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
- Organic Synthesis, Extraction and Valorization Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Km 8 El Jadida Road, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Aziz Aboulmouhajir
- Organic Synthesis, Extraction and Valorization Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Km 8 El Jadida Road, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco.
- Team of Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco.
| | - Lamfeddal Kouisni
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660⁻Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Faouzi Bekkaoui
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660⁻Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
- School of Agriculture, Fertilizer and Environment Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaziz Yasri
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660⁻Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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21
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Kumari S, Bhattacharya D, Rangaraj N, Chakarvarty S, Kondapi AK, Rao NM. Aurora kinase B siRNA-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles potentiate the efficacy of temozolomide in treating glioblastoma. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2579-2596. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the efficacy of lactoferrin nanoparticles (LfNPs) in delivering siRNA across the blood–brain barrier to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and with an additional objective of potentiation of conventional temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Methods: Aurora kinase B (AKB) siRNA-loaded nanoparticles (AKB–LfNPs) were prepared with milk protein, lactoferrin, by water in oil emulsion method. AKB–LfNPs were tested in cell lines and in GBM orthotopic mouse model with and without TMZ treatment. Results: AKB silencing, cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest by these LfNPs were shown to be effective on GL261 cells. Tumor growth was significantly lower in AKB–LfNPs alone and in combination with TMZ treated mice and increased the survival by 2.5-times. Conclusion: Treatment of AKB–LfNPs to GBM mice improves life expectancy and has potential to combine with conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana State, India
| | - Dwaipayan Bhattacharya
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana State, India
| | - Nandini Rangaraj
- Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Sumana Chakarvarty
- Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Anand K Kondapi
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana State, India
| | - Nalam M Rao
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana State, India
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22
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Aira LE, Villa E, Colosetti P, Gamas P, Signetti L, Obba S, Proics E, Gautier F, Bailly-Maitre B, Jacquel A, Robert G, Luciano F, Juin PP, Ricci JE, Auberger P, Marchetti S. The oncogenic tyrosine kinase Lyn impairs the pro-apoptotic function of Bim. Oncogene 2018; 37:2122-2136. [PMID: 29391601 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues is a well-established modulating mechanism of the pro-apoptotic function of the BH3-only protein Bim. However, nothing is known about the putative tyrosine phosphorylation of this Bcl-2 family member and its potential impact on Bim function and subsequent Bax/Bak-mediated cytochrome c release and apoptosis. As we have previously shown that the tyrosine kinase Lyn could behave as an anti-apoptotic molecule, we investigated whether this Src family member could directly regulate the pro-apoptotic function of Bim. In the present study, we show that Bim is phosphorylated onto tyrosine residues 92 and 161 by Lyn, which results in an inhibition of its pro-apoptotic function. Mechanistically, we show that Lyn-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Bim increases its interaction with anti-apoptotic members such as Bcl-xL, therefore limiting mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and subsequent apoptosis. Collectively, our data uncover one molecular mechanism through which the oncogenic tyrosine kinase Lyn negatively regulates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which may contribute to the transformation and/or the chemotherapeutic resistance of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elodie Villa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Emma Proics
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Fabien Gautier
- CRCINA, UMR 1232 INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé-Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu - BP 70721, 44007, Nantes Cedex 1, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Bvd J Monod, Site René Gauducheau, 44805, Saint-Herblain, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Philippe P Juin
- CRCINA, UMR 1232 INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé-Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu - BP 70721, 44007, Nantes Cedex 1, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Bvd J Monod, Site René Gauducheau, 44805, Saint-Herblain, France
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Komeno Y, Uchida N, Satoh Y, Uryu H, Iwata Y, Masuda A, Iihara K, Yatomi Y, Taniguchi S, Ryu T. Bosutinib as a fourth-line therapy for a patient with T315I-positive lymphoid blastic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4285-4289. [PMID: 28599428 PMCID: PMC5452986 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 35-year-old male was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase and was prescribed 100 mg daily dasatinib. However, dasatinib was discontinued due to thrombocytopenia, and within six months, the disease progressed to the lymphoid blastic phase. Hyper-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone chemotherapy combined with 140 mg dasatinib or 600 mg imatinib was prescribed. The two inhibitors were soon discontinued due to severe thrombocytopenia and jaundice, respectively. Myelosuppression persisted subsequent to the nadir. Bone marrow (BM) aspiration and biopsy revealed hypercellular marrow filled with blasts. Sequencing of the leukemia cells revealed overlapping peaks for the wild-type sequence and the T315I mutant sequence. The patient was treated with 500 mg bosutinib (which was later reduced to 300 mg) for pretransplant cytoreduction. After 5 months, the patient's spleen exhibited a reduction in volume and the percentage of blasts in the BM decreased from 96.1 to 17.5%. The patient successfully underwent cord blood transplantation. The patient has been disease-free for 5 months subsequent to transplantation. This case suggests that bosutinib may be effective for cytoreduction prior to stem cell transplantation, unless the leukemia cells consistently harbor the T315I mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Komeno
- Department of Hematology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO) Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yumiko Satoh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideki Uryu
- Department of Hematology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO) Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Yuko Iwata
- Department of Hematology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO) Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Akiko Masuda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kuniko Iihara
- Department of Pathology, JCHO Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuichi Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Tomiko Ryu
- Department of Hematology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO) Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
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24
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Reckel S, Hamelin R, Georgeon S, Armand F, Jolliet Q, Chiappe D, Moniatte M, Hantschel O. Differential signaling networks of Bcr-Abl p210 and p190 kinases in leukemia cells defined by functional proteomics. Leukemia 2017; 31:1502-1512. [PMID: 28111465 PMCID: PMC5508078 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The two major isoforms of the oncogenic Bcr–Abl tyrosine kinase, p210 and p190, are expressed upon the Philadelphia chromosome translocation. p210 is the hallmark of chronic myelogenous leukemia, whereas p190 occurs in the majority of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Differences in protein interactions and activated signaling pathways that may be associated with the different diseases driven by p210 and p190 are unknown. We have performed a quantitative comparative proteomics study of p210 and p190. Strong differences in the interactome and tyrosine phosphoproteome were found and validated. Whereas the AP2 adaptor complex that regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis interacts preferentially with p190, the phosphatase Sts1 is enriched with p210. Stronger activation of the Stat5 transcription factor and the Erk1/2 kinases is observed with p210, whereas Lyn kinase is activated by p190. Our findings provide a more coherent understanding of Bcr–Abl signaling, mechanisms of leukemic transformation, resulting disease pathobiology and responses to kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Reckel
- ISREC Foundation Chair in Translational Oncology, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Georgeon
- ISREC Foundation Chair in Translational Oncology, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Q Jolliet
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Chiappe
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Moniatte
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Hantschel
- ISREC Foundation Chair in Translational Oncology, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Ho W, Zhang XQ, Xu X. Biomaterials in siRNA Delivery: A Comprehensive Review. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2715-2731. [PMID: 27700013 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
With the dearth of effective treatment options for prominent diseases including Ebola and cancer, RNA interference (RNAi), a sequence-specific mechanism for genetic regulation that can silence nearly any gene, holds the promise of unlimited potential in treating illness ever since its discovery in 1999. Given the large size, unstable tertiary structure in physiological conditions and negative charge of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), the development of safe and effective delivery vehicles is of critical importance in order to drive the widespread use of RNAi therapeutics into clinical settings. Immense amounts of time and billions of dollars have been devoted into the design of novel and diverse delivery strategies, and there are a handful of delivery systems that have been successfully translated into clinic. This review provides an introduction to the in vivo barriers that need to be addressed by siRNA delivery systems. We also discuss the progress up to the most effective and clinically advanced siRNA delivery systems including liposomal, polymeric and siRNA conjugate delivery systems, as well as their design to overcome the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ho
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
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26
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Pham H, Birtolo C, Chheda C, Yang W, Rodriguez MD, Liu ST, Gugliotta G, Lewis MS, Cirulli V, Pandol SJ, Ptasznik A. Essential Role of Lyn in Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2016; 7:387. [PMID: 27630579 PMCID: PMC5006658 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic disorders involve replacement of normal parenchyma with myofibroblasts, which deposit connective tissue, leading to obliteration of the function of the underlying organ. The treatment options are inadequate and reflect the fact that signaling targets in myofibroblasts are unknown. Here we identify the hyperactive Lyn signaling in myofibroblasts of patients with chronic pancreatitis-induced fibrosis. Lyn activation coexpress with markers of activated myofibroblasts, and is increased ~11-fold in chronic pancreatitis compared to normal tissue. Inhibition of Lyn with siRNA or INNO-406 leads to the substantial decrease of migration and proliferation of human chronic pancreatitis myofibroblasts in vitro, while leaving migration and proliferation of normal myofibroblasts only slightly affected. Furthermore, inhibition of Lyn prevents synthesis of procollagen and collagen in myofibroblasts in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis-induced fibrosis. We conclude that Lyn, as a positive regulator of myofibroblast migration, proliferation, and collagen production, is a key target for preventing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Pham
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Veterans AffairsLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chiara Birtolo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Chintan Chheda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Yang
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maria D Rodriguez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandy T Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Michael S Lewis
- Department of Veterans AffairsLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cirulli
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Veterans AffairsLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrzej Ptasznik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
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27
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Tzeng SY, Wilson DR, Hansen SK, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Green JJ. Polymeric nanoparticle-based delivery of TRAIL DNA for cancer-specific killing. Bioeng Transl Med 2016; 1:149-159. [PMID: 28349127 PMCID: PMC5365091 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of specificity in cancer therapeutics severely limits the efficacy of many existing treatment modalities. The use of Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) is of interest to the field due to this protein's ability to cause cell death specifically in cancer cells without harming the surrounding healthy tissue. Here, we report that polymeric nanoparticles, based on synthetic poly(beta-amino ester)s (PBAEs) and containing DNA, are able to selectively transfect cancer cells in vitro over healthy cells of the same tissue type. Moreover, PBAE-based nanoparticles containing TRAIL DNA are able to transfect several human cancer cell cultures in vitro and cause cell death. While certain cell types, including human glioblastoma (GBM), showed resistance to TRAIL, we found that the expression of TRAIL-binding surface proteins was predictive of each cell type's resistance to TRAIL therapy. We demonstrate a non-viral nanomedicine approach to cancer gene therapy that can improve cancer specificity via both biomaterial selection and through the use of cancer-targeting genetic cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Y Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Institute for Nanobiotechnology and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - David R Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Institute for Nanobiotechnology and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah K Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Institute for Nanobiotechnology and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Institute for Nanobiotechnology and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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28
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Zoheir KM, Abd-Rabou AA, Harisa GI, Kumar A, Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Abd-Allah AR. IQGAP1 gene silencing induces apoptosis and decreases the invasive capacity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13927-13939. [PMID: 27488117 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAPs) belong to a conserved family, and they are involved in various intracellular processes. IQGAP1 is expressed in all cells, while IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 are mainly expressed in hepatic cells. IQGAP1 has been suggested to be an oncogene, while IQGAP2 is considered a tumor-suppressor gene. However, the relationship between RAS family genes and IQGAP genes remains unclear. We recently demonstrated this interaction in a chemically induced mouse liver cancer. In this study, IQGAP1 expression was partially silenced in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. We investigated the impact of IQGAP1 silencing on the interactions of IQGAP and RAS with several apoptotic proteins, including caspase-3 (CASP3), BCL2-associated X protein (BAX), and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2). Additionally, we investigated the effects of the interactions of these genes on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and invasive capacity. IQGAP1 siRNA-treated HepG2 cells showed lower invasive capacity than the control cells, and this reduction was time- and vector concentration-dependent. In addition, IQGAP1 silencing resulted in significantly lower IQGAP1 level and subsequently higher IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 expression in HepG2 cells than in the control. Flow cytometry analyses indicated that the silencing of IQGAP1 can induce early and late apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Additionally, IQGAP2, IQGAP3, CASP3, and BAX were upregulated whereas IQGAP1 and BCL2 were downregulated in the siRNA-treated cells. Furthermore, we observed that the mRNA levels of HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, and MRAS decreased upon IQGAP1 silencing. These findings indicate that IQGAP1 potentially regulates the expression of IQGAP and RAS gene families and demonstrate its regulatory role in the apoptotic network. Taken together, our findings suggest that IQGAP1 silencing plays crucial roles in the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and lowers their proliferative and invasive capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairy Ma Zoheir
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel R Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Ko TK, Chin HS, Chuah CT, Huang JW, Ng KP, Khaw SL, Huang DC, Ong ST. The BIM deletion polymorphism: A paradigm of a permissive interaction between germline and acquired TKI resistance factors in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2721-33. [PMID: 26517680 PMCID: PMC4823067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both germline polymorphisms and tumor-specific genetic alterations can determine the response of a cancer to a given therapy. We previously reported a germline deletion polymorphism in the BIM gene that was sufficient to mediate intrinsic resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), as well as other cancers [1]. The deletion polymorphism favored the generation of BIM splice forms lacking the pro-apoptotic BH3 domain, conferring a relative resistance to the TKI imatinib (IM). However, CML patients with the BIM deletion polymorphism developed both partial and complete IM resistance. To understand the mechanisms underlying the latter, we grew CML cells either with or without the BIM deletion polymorphism in increasing IM concentrations. Under these conditions, the BIM deletion polymorphism enhanced the emergence of populations with complete IM resistance, mimicking the situation in patients. Importantly, the combined use of TKIs with the BH3 mimetic ABT-737 overcame the BCR-ABL1-dependent and -independent resistance mechanisms found in these cells. Our results illustrate the interplay between germline and acquired genetic factors in confering TKI resistance, and suggest a therapeutic strategy for patients with complete TKI resistance associated with the BIM deletion polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Kiat Ko
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hui San Chin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Charles T.H. Chuah
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - John W.J. Huang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Present address: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - King-Pan Ng
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Present address: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seong Lin Khaw
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David C.S. Huang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - S. Tiong Ong
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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30
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Liang C, Xu L, Song G, Liu Z. Emerging nanomedicine approaches fighting tumor metastasis: animal models, metastasis-targeted drug delivery, phototherapy, and immunotherapy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6250-6269. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00458j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine approaches may bring new opportunities for tumor metastasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Ligeng Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Guosheng Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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31
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Yano M, Imamura T, Asai D, Kiyokawa N, Nakabayashi K, Matsumoto K, Deguchi T, Hashii Y, Honda YK, Hasegawa D, Sasahara Y, Ishii M, Kosaka Y, Kato K, Shima M, Hori H, Yumura-Yagi K, Hara J, Oda M, Horibe K, Ichikawa H, Sato A. Identification of novel kinase fusion transcripts in paediatric B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with IKZF1 deletion. Br J Haematol 2015; 171:813-7. [PMID: 26404892 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Activating tyrosine kinase mutations or cytokine receptor signalling alterations have attracted attention as therapeutic targets for high-risk paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We identified two novel kinase fusions, OFD1-JAK2 and NCOR1-LYN, in paediatric ALL patients with IKZF1 deletion, by mRNA sequencing. The patient with CSF2RA-CRLF2 also harboured IGH-EPOR. All these patients had high-risk features, such as high initial white blood cell counts and initial poor response to prednisolone. The functional analysis of these novel fusions is on-going to determine whether these genetic alterations can be targeted by drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Yano
- Department of Paediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imamura
- Department of Paediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Asai
- Division of Paediatrics, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kiyokawa
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Deguchi
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu-ko Honda
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Hasegawa
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Sasahara
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Ishii
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kosaka
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Midori Shima
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hori
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Keiko Yumura-Yagi
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Yumura Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichi Hara
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Oda
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Clinical Resarch Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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32
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Chereda B, Melo JV. Natural course and biology of CML. Ann Hematol 2015; 94 Suppl 2:S107-21. [PMID: 25814077 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder arising in the haemopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment. This disease is characterised by a reciprocal t(9;22) chromosomal translocation, resulting in the formation of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome containing the BCR-ABL1 gene. As such, diagnosis and monitoring of disease involves detection of BCR-ABL1. It is the BCR-ABL1 protein, in particular its constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity, that forges the pathogenesis of CML. This aberrant kinase signalling activates downstream targets that reprogram the cell to cause uncontrolled proliferation and results in myeloid hyperplasia and 'indolent' symptoms of chronic phase (CP) CML. Without successful intervention, the disease will progress into blast crisis (BC), resembling an acute leukaemia. This advanced disease stage takes on an aggressive phenotype and is almost always fatal. The cell biology of CML is also centred on BCR-ABL1. The presence of BCR-ABL1 can explain virtually all the cellular features of the leukaemia (enhanced cell growth, inhibition of apoptosis, altered cell adhesion, growth factor independence, impaired genomic surveillance and differentiation). This article provides an overview of the clinical and cell biology of CML, and highlights key findings and unanswered questions essential for understanding this disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/physiopathology
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Chereda
- Departments of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, and Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Frome Road, Adelaide, 5000, Australia,
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33
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Progress in RNAi-mediated Molecular Therapy of Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 4:e240. [DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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34
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Mehrabadi FS, Hirsch O, Zeisig R, Posocco P, Laurini E, Pricl S, Haag R, Kemmner W, Calderón M. Structure–activity relationship study of dendritic polyglycerolamines for efficient siRNA transfection. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10944b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure–activity relationship studies were performed through in vitro, in silico, and in vivo analysis in order to evaluate the gene transfection potential of dendritic polyglycerolamines with different amine loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ole Hirsch
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
- 10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Reiner Zeisig
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology GmbH
- 13125 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Paola Posocco
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory
- DICAMP
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory
- DICAMP
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory
- DICAMP
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kemmner
- Translational Oncology
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center
- 13125 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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35
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Dogini DB, Pascoal VDB, Avansini SH, Vieira AS, Pereira TC, Lopes-Cendes I. The new world of RNAs. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:285-93. [PMID: 24764762 PMCID: PMC3983583 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major developments that resulted from the human genome sequencing projects was a better understanding of the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). NcRNAs are divided into several different categories according to size and function; however, one shared feature is that they are not translated into proteins. In this review, we will discuss relevant aspects of ncRNAs, focusing on two main types: i) microRNAs, which negatively regulate gene expression either by translational repression or target mRNA degradation, and ii) small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are involved in the biological process of RNA interference (RNAi). Our knowledge regarding these two types of ncRNAs has increased dramatically over the past decade, and they have a great potential to become therapeutic alternatives for a variety of human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyella Barbosa Dogini
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Simoni Helena Avansini
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - André Schwambach Vieira
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Campos Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Departamento de Genética Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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36
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Keller G, Schafhausen P, Brummendorf TH. Bosutinib: a dual SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2014; 2:489-97. [DOI: 10.1586/ehm.09.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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37
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Isfort S, Keller-v Amsberg G, Schafhausen P, Koschmieder S, Brümmendorf TH. Bosutinib: a novel second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Recent Results Cancer Res 2014; 201:81-97. [PMID: 24756786 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-54490-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bosutinib (SKI-606) is a 4-anilino-3-quinoline carbonitrile, which acts as a dual inhibitor of Src and ABL kinases. In addition, the BCR-ABL fusion gene product, a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase which is crucial for the development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is highly sensitive to bosutinib. Interestingly, distinctly lower concentrations of bosutinib are required to ablate BCR-ABL phosphorylation when compared to the first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (IM). Bosutinib is a potent inhibitor of CML cell proliferation in vitro and has demonstrated promising activity in CML patients resistant or intolerant to IM as well as in newly diagnosed patients with chronic phase CML (CML-CP). Remarkably, bosutinib has been found to be capable of overcoming the majority of IM-resistant BCR-ABL mutations. Bosutinib has the potency to induce deep and fast responses in second- and third-/fourth-line treatment, and as a consequence, the drug has recently been licensed for patients previously treated with one or more tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s) and for whom imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib are not considered appropriate treatment options. Due to its potency and differing toxicity profile, it promises to be a good therapeutic option for a defined cohort of patients. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal with most of the patients suffering from nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. For the most part, these gastrointestinal symptoms occur early after treatment initiation, are manageable, and often self-limiting. Continuous monitoring of liver enzymes upon treatment initiation is necessary during bosutinib treatment. In addition to CML treatment, bosutinib has shown some efficacy in selected patients suffering from advanced-stage solid tumors. In conclusion, bosutinib is a promising novel small molecule inhibitor approved now for targeted therapy of CML and in clinical development for other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Isfort
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Enhancing tumor cell response to chemotherapy through nanoparticle-mediated codelivery of siRNA and cisplatin prodrug. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:18638-43. [PMID: 24167294 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303958110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics are widely used to treat a broad spectrum of malignancies. However, their application is limited by both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance. Most mutations that result from DNA damage are the consequence of error-prone translesion DNA synthesis, which could be responsible for the acquired resistance against DNA-damaging agents. Recent studies have shown that the suppression of crucial gene products (e.g., REV1, REV3L) involved in the error-prone translesion DNA synthesis pathway can sensitize intrinsically resistant tumors to chemotherapy and reduce the frequency of acquired drug resistance of relapsed tumors. In this context, combining conventional DNA-damaging chemotherapy with siRNA-based therapeutics represents a promising strategy for treating patients with malignancies. To this end, we developed a versatile nanoparticle (NP) platform to deliver a cisplatin prodrug and REV1/REV3L-specific siRNAs simultaneously to the same tumor cells. NPs are formulated through self-assembly of a biodegradable poly(lactide-coglycolide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymer and a self-synthesized cationic lipid. We demonstrated the potency of the siRNA-containing NPs to knock down target genes efficiently both in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic efficacy of NPs containing both cisplatin prodrug and REV1/REV3L-specific siRNAs was further investigated in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the NPs exhibited a significant and sustained suppression of both genes in tumors for up to 3 d after a single dose. Administering these NPs revealed a synergistic effect on tumor inhibition in a human Lymph Node Carcinoma of the Prostate xenograft mouse model that was strikingly more effective than platinum monotherapy.
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Chakraborty S, Lin YH, Leng X, Miranda RN, Medeiros LJ, Shpall E, Arlinghaus RB. Activation of Jak2 in patients with blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia: inhibition of Jak2 inactivates Lyn kinase. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e142. [PMID: 24013663 PMCID: PMC3789205 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Chakraborty
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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40
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Aberrant signalling by protein kinase CK2 in imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia cells: biochemical evidence and therapeutic perspectives. Mol Oncol 2013; 7:1103-15. [PMID: 24012109 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is driven by the fusion protein Bcr-Abl, a constitutively active tyrosine kinase playing a crucial role in initiation and maintenance of CML phenotype. Despite the great efficacy of the Bcr-Abl-specific inhibitor imatinib, resistance to this drug is recognized as a major problem in CML treatment. We found that in LAMA84 cells, characterized by imatinib-resistance caused by BCR-ABL1 gene amplification, the pro-survival protein kinase CK2 is up-regulated as compared to the sensitive cells. CK2 exhibits a higher protein-level and a parallel enhancement of catalytic activity. Consistently, CK2-catalysed phosphorylation of Akt-Ser129 is increased. CK2 co-localizes with Bcr-Abl in the cytoplasmic fraction as judged by subcellular fractionation and fluorescence immunolocalization. CK2 and Bcr-Abl are members of the same multi-protein complex(es) in imatinib-resistant cells as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and co-sedimentation in glycerol gradients. Cell treatment with CX-4945, a CK2 inhibitor currently in clinical trials, counteracts CK2/Bcr-Abl interaction and causes cell death by apoptosis. Interestingly, combination of CX-4945 with imatinib displays a synergistic effect in reducing cell viability. Consistently, knockdown of CK2α expression by siRNA restores the sensitivity of resistant LAMA84 cells to low imatinib concentrations. Remarkably, the CK2/Bcr-Abl interaction and the sensitization towards imatinib obtained by CK2-inhibition in LAMA84 is observable also in other imatinib-resistant CML cell lines. These results demonstrate that CK2 contributes to strengthen the imatinib-resistance phenotype of CML cells conferring survival advantage against imatinib. We suggest that CK2 inhibition might be a promising tool for combined strategies in CML therapy.
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The Src and c-Kit kinase inhibitor dasatinib enhances p53-mediated targeting of human acute myeloid leukemia stem cells by chemotherapeutic agents. Blood 2013; 122:1900-13. [PMID: 23896410 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-11-466425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRC family kinases (SFKs) and the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit are activated in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. We show here that the SFKs LYN, HCK, or FGR are overexpressed and activated in AML progenitor cells. Treatment with the SFK and c-KIT inhibitor dasatinib selectively inhibits human AML stem/progenitor cell growth in vitro. Importantly, dasatinib markedly increases the elimination of AML stem cells capable of engrafting immunodeficient mice by chemotherapeutic agents. In vivo dasatinib treatment enhances chemotherapy-induced targeting of primary murine AML stem cells capable of regenerating leukemia in secondary recipients. Our studies suggest that enhanced targeting of AML cells by the combination of dasatinib with daunorubicin may be related to inhibition of AKT-mediated human mouse double minute 2 homolog phosphorylation, resulting in enhanced p53 activity in AML cells. Combined treatment using dasatinib and chemotherapy provides a novel approach to increasing p53 activity and enhancing targeting of AML stem cells.
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Xia Y, Fang H, Zhang J, Du Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in imatinib-resistant leukemic K562-r cells triggered by AMN107 combined with arsenic trioxide. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:932-42. [PMID: 23883479 DOI: 10.1177/1535370213492689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib mesylate (imatinib) targets the kinase domain of BCR-ABL and induces apoptosis in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). However, resistant and relapse are common problems in imatinib-treated patients. Although second-generation TKI such as AMN107 appears to improve the treatment of CML, TKI resistance and relapse are also frequently occurred in the patients. To test whether arsenic trioxide (ATO) could potentiate the efficacy of AMN107 in imatinib-resistant cells, we conducted a series of assays in TKI-resistant K562-r cells treated with AMN107 and ATO. Based on a time-course cDNA microarray analysis, we found many genes typically involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signalling were significantly up-regulated, implicating the occurrence of ER stress-mediated apoptosis in K562-r cells treated with the combination of ATO and AMN107. Such implication was also supported by the data showing the activation of members in the JNK pathway, which are known to be characteristic markers bridging ER-stress and apoptosis. Partial knock-down of the JNK activities alleviated the effects of apoptosis (p < 0.05) triggered by combining AMN107 with ATO. In conclusion, this study for the first time demonstrates a synergistic effect of AMN107 with ATO, allowing insights into the possible mechanisms underlying imatinib-induced resistance in CML. Our data also suggest that combination of AMN107 with ATO may represent a new strategy for the treatment of imatinib-resistant CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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43
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De Keersmaecker K, Porcu M, Cox L, Girardi T, Vandepoel R, de Beeck JO, Gielen O, Mentens N, Bennett KL, Hantschel O. NUP214-ABL1-mediated cell proliferation in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is dependent on the LCK kinase and various interacting proteins. Haematologica 2013; 99:85-93. [PMID: 23872305 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.088674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The NUP214-ABL1 fusion protein is a constitutively active protein tyrosine kinase that is found in 6% of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and that promotes proliferation and survival of T-lymphoblasts. Although NUP214-ABL1 is sensitive to ABL1 kinase inhibitors, development of resistance to these compounds is a major clinical problem, underlining the need for additional drug targets in the sparsely studied NUP214-ABL1 signaling network. In this work, we identify and validate the SRC family kinase LCK as a protein whose activity is absolutely required for the proliferation and survival of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells that depend on NUP214-ABL1 activity. These findings underscore the potential of SRC kinase inhibitors and of the dual ABL1/SRC kinase inhibitors dasatinib and bosutinib for the treatment of NUP214-ABL1-positive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In addition, we used mass spectrometry to identify protein interaction partners of NUP214-ABL1. Our results strongly support that the signaling network of NUP214-ABL1 is distinct from that previously reported for BCR-ABL1. Moreover, we found that three NUP214-ABL1-interacting proteins, MAD2L1, NUP155, and SMC4, are strictly required for the proliferation and survival of NUP214-ABL1-positive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. In conclusion, this work identifies LCK, MAD2L1, NUP155 and SMC4 as four new potential drug targets in NUP214-ABL1-positive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Mochizuki S, Morishita H, Sakurai K. Macrophage specific delivery of TNF-α siRNA complexed with β-1,3-glucan inhibits LPS-induced cytokine production in a murine acute hepatitis model. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2535-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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45
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Bridoux L, Etique N, Lambert E, Thevenard J, Sowa ML, Belloy N, Dauchez M, Martiny L, Charpentier E. A crucial role for Lyn in TIMP-1 erythroid cell survival signalling pathway. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1524-8. [PMID: 23583449 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TIMP-1, a well-known MMP inhibitor, displays other biological activities such as cell survival, proliferation and differentiation in hematopoietic cells. In this report, we investigated the role of the Src-related kinase Lyn in TIMP-1 induced UT-7 erythroleukemic cell survival. We showed that (i) tyrosine 507 of Lyn was dephosphorylated and Lyn kinase activity enhanced by TIMP-1, (ii) Lyn silencing suppressed TIMP-1 anti-apoptotic activity and (iii) Lyn was activated upstream the JAK2/PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Our data suggest a novel role for Lyn in erythroid cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bridoux
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS FRE 3481 MEDyC, Laboratoire SiRMa, SFR CAP Santé, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Campos Pereira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Keller-V Amsberg G, Brümmendorf TH. Novel aspects of therapy with the dual Src and Abl kinase inhibitor bosutinib in chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 12:1121-7. [PMID: 23098112 DOI: 10.1586/era.12.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The dual Src/Abl kinase inhibitor bosutinib (SKI-606) targets the tyrosine kinase brc-abl, the key enzyme in the development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In clinical trials, bosutinib yielded promising results with regard to efficacy, tolerability and toxicity in first-, second- and third-line therapy of CML patients. Remarkably, bosutinib is able to overcome most imatinib-resistant BCR-ABL1-1 mutations except V299L and T315I. Mostly, low-to-moderate grade gastrointestinal toxicitis are the most common treatment-emergent adverse events observed under bosutinib. Unlike other tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for CML treatment to date, bosutinib shows only minimal inhibitory activity against c-KIT and the PDGF receptor. This may be causative for its favorable hematologic toxicity profile. In this review, the authors give an overview on the mechanism of action and currently available preclinical and clinical data for bosutinib in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunhild Keller-V Amsberg
- Klinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie mit der Sektion Pneumologie, Onkologisches Zentrum, Universitäts-Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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48
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Amsberg GKV, Koschmieder S. Profile of bosutinib and its clinical potential in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:99-106. [PMID: 23493838 PMCID: PMC3594007 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s19901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bosutinib (SKI-606) is an orally available, once-daily, dual Src and Abl kinase inhibitor with promising clinical potential in first-, second-, and third-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Bosutinib effectively inhibits wild-type BCR-ABL and most imatinib-resistant BCR-ABL mutations except for V299L and T315I. Low hematologic toxicity is a remarkable characteristic of this novel second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and this has been ascribed to its minimal activity against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor and KIT. Low-grade, typically self-limiting diarrhea, which usually appears within the first few weeks after treatment initiation, represents the predominant toxicity of bosutinib. Other treatment-associated adverse events are mostly mild to moderate. Bosutinib has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or blast phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML in adult patients with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy. This review summarizes the main properties of bosutinib and the currently available data on its clinical potential in the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunhild Keller-von Amsberg
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Aachen, Germany
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49
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Fine tuning inflammation at the front door: macrophage complement receptor 3-mediates phagocytosis and immune suppression for Francisella tularensis. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003114. [PMID: 23359218 PMCID: PMC3554622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement receptor 3 (CR3, CD11b/CD18) is a major macrophage phagocytic receptor. The biochemical pathways through which CR3 regulates immunologic responses have not been fully characterized. Francisella tularensis is a remarkably infectious, facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages that causes tularemia. Early evasion of the host immune response contributes to the virulence of F. tularensis and CR3 is an important receptor for its phagocytosis. Here we confirm that efficient attachment and uptake of the highly virulent Type A F. tularensis spp. tularensis strain Schu S4 by human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs) requires complement C3 opsonization and CR3. However, despite a>40-fold increase in uptake following C3 opsonization, Schu S4 induces limited pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared with non-opsonized Schu S4 and the low virulent F. novicida. This suggests that engagement of CR3 by opsonized Schu S4 contributes specifically to the immune suppression during and shortly following phagocytosis which we demonstrate by CD11b siRNA knockdown in hMDMs. This immune suppression is concomitant with early inhibition of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and NF-κB activation. Furthermore, TLR2 siRNA knockdown shows that pro-inflammatory cytokine production and MAPK activation in response to non-opsonized Schu S4 depends on TLR2 signaling providing evidence that CR3-TLR2 crosstalk mediates immune suppression for opsonized Schu S4. Deletion of the CD11b cytoplasmic tail reverses the CR3-mediated decrease in ERK and p38 activation during opsonized Schu-S4 infection. The CR3-mediated signaling pathway involved in this immune suppression includes Lyn kinase and Akt activation, and increased MKP-1, which limits TLR2-mediated pro-inflammatory responses. These data indicate that while the highly virulent F. tularensis uses CR3 for efficient uptake, optimal engagement of this receptor down-regulates TLR2-dependent pro-inflammatory responses by inhibiting MAPK activation through outside-in signaling. CR3-linked immune suppression is an important mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of F. tularensis infection.
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50
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Deadman BJ, Hopkin MD, Baxendale IR, Ley SV. The synthesis of Bcr-Abl inhibiting anticancer pharmaceutical agents imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1766-800. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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