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Pissas G, Tziastoudi M, Divani M, Poulianiti C, Konsta MAP, Lykotsetas E, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I, Eleftheriadis T. Malate dehydrogenase-2 inhibition shields renal tubular epithelial cells from anoxia-reoxygenation injury by reducing reactive oxygen species. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23854. [PMID: 39287333 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is the most common cause of acute kidney injury. In experiments involving primary human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) exposed to anoxia-reoxygenation, we explored the hypothesis that mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase-2 (MDH-2) inhibition redirects malate metabolism from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, towards the malate-pyruvate cycle and reversed malate-aspartate shuttle. Colorimetry, fluorometry, and western blotting showed that MDH2 inhibition accelerates the malate-pyruvate cycle enhancing cytoplasmic NADPH, thereby regenerating the potent antioxidant reduced glutathione. It also reversed the malate-aspartate shuttle and potentially diminished mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by transferring electrons, in the form of NADH, from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. The excessive ROS production induced by anoxia-reoxygenation led to DNA damage and protein modification, triggering DNA damage and unfolded protein response, ultimately resulting in apoptosis and senescence. Additionally, ROS induced lipid peroxidation, which may contribute to the process of ferroptosis. Inhibiting MDH-2 proved effective in mitigating ROS overproduction during anoxia-reoxygenation, thereby rescuing RPTECs from death or senescence. Thus, targeting MDH-2 holds promise as a pharmaceutical strategy against I-R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Pissas
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Tziastoudi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Divani
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Christina Poulianiti
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Lykotsetas
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasilios Liakopoulos
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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2
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Sarandy MM, Gonçalves RV, Valacchi G. Cutaneous Redox Senescence. Biomedicines 2024; 12:348. [PMID: 38397950 PMCID: PMC10886899 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of skin cell senescence involves the role of environmental stressors (UV, O3, cigarette smoke, particulate matter, etc.), lifestyle (diet, exercise, etc.) as well as genetic factors (metabolic changes, hormonal, etc.). The common mechanism of action of these stressors is the disturbance of cellular redox balance characterized by increased free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and when these overload the intrinsic antioxidant defense system, it can lead to an oxidative stress cellular condition. The main redox mechanisms that activate cellular senescence in the skin involve (1) the oxidative damage of telomeres causing their shortening; (2) the oxidation of proteomes and DNA damage; (3) an a in lysosomal mass through the increased activity of resident enzymes such as senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) as well as other proteins that are products of lysosomal activity; (4) and the increased expression of SASP, in particular pro-inflammatory cytokines transcriptionally regulated by NF-κB. However, the main targets of ROS on the skin are the proteome (oxi-proteome), followed by telomeres, nucleic acids (DNAs), lipids, proteins, and cytoplasmic organelles. As a result, cell cycle arrest pathways, lipid peroxidation, increased lysosomal content and dysfunctional mitochondria, and SASP synthesis occur. Furthermore, oxidative stress in skin cells increases the activity of p16INK4A and p53 as inhibitors of Rb and CDks, which are important for maintaining the cell cycle. p53 also promotes the inactivation of mTOR-mediated autophagic and apoptotic pathways, leading to senescence. However, these markers alone cannot establish the state of cellular senescence, and multiple analyses are encouraged for confirmation. An updated and more comprehensive approach to investigating skin senescence should include further assays of ox-inflammatory molecular pathways that can consolidate the understanding of cutaneous redox senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariáurea Matias Sarandy
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Environment and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kyriakou S, Demosthenous N, Amery T, Stewart KJ, Winyard PG, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Naturally Derived Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Modulates Induction of Oxidative Stress via Its N-Acetylated Cysteine Conjugated form in Malignant Melanoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:82. [PMID: 38247506 PMCID: PMC10812449 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a secondary metabolic product yielded upon the hydrolysis of gluconasturtiin and it is highly accumulated in the flowers of watercress. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of a naturally derived PEITC-enriched extract in the induction of oxidative stress and to evaluate its anti-melanoma potency through the regulation of its metabolism with the concurrent production of the N-acetyl cysteine conjugated by-product. For this purpose, an in vitro melanoma model was utilized consisting of human primary (A375) cells as well as metastatic (COLO-679) malignant melanoma cells together with non-tumorigenic immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). Cytotoxicity was assessed via the Alamar Blue assay whereas the antioxidant/prooxidant activity of PEITC was determined via spectrophotometric assays. Finally, kinetic characterization of the end-product of PEITC metabolism was monitored via UPLC coupled to a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Our results indicate that although PhEF showed very minor antioxidant activity in a cell-free system, in a cell-based system, it can modulate the activity of key enzyme(s) involved in cellular antioxidant defense mechanism(s). In addition, we have shown that PhEF induces lipid and protein oxidation in a concentration-dependent manner, while its cytotoxicity is not only dependent on PEITC itself but also on its N-acetylated cysteine conjugated form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (N.D.)
| | - Nikoletta Demosthenous
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (N.D.)
| | - Tom Amery
- The Watercress Company, Dorchester DT2 8QY, UK;
| | - Kyle J. Stewart
- Watercress Research Limited, Unit 24, De Havilland Road, Exeter EX5 2GE, UK; (K.J.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Paul G. Winyard
- Watercress Research Limited, Unit 24, De Havilland Road, Exeter EX5 2GE, UK; (K.J.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (N.D.)
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4
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Kyriakou S, Potamiti L, Demosthenous N, Amery T, Stewart K, Winyard PG, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. A Naturally Derived Watercress Flower-Based Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-Enriched Extract Induces the Activation of Intrinsic Apoptosis via Subcellular Ultrastructural and Ca 2+ Efflux Alterations in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma. Nutrients 2023; 15:4044. [PMID: 37764828 PMCID: PMC10537737 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to (i) extract isolated fractions of watercress flowers enriched in polyphenols, phenethyl isothiocyanate and glucosinolates and (ii) characterize the anticancer mode of action of non-lethal, sub-lethal and lethal concentrations of the most potent extract fraction in primary (A375) and metastatic (COLO-679) melanoma cells as well as non-tumorigenic immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed via the Alamar Blue assay, whereas ultrastructural alterations in mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum were determined via transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization was determined using Mito-MP dye, whereas apoptosis was evaluated through the activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9. Among all extract fractions, the phenethyl isothiocyanate-enriched one (PhEF) possessed significant cytotoxicity against A375 and COLO-679 cells, while HaCaT cells remained relatively resistant at sub-lethal and lethal concentrations. Additionally, ultrastructural subcellular alterations associated with apoptosis were observed by means of increased mitochondrial area and perimeter, decreased cristae density and a shorter distance of the endoplasmic reticulum to the mitochondria, all taking place during "early" time points (2-4 h) of exposure. Moreover, PhEF induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization associated with "late" time points (24 h) of exposure, thereby leading to the activation of intrinsic apoptosis. Finally, the inhibition of cytosolic Ca2+ efflux reduced levels of caspases-9 and -3 activity, suggesting the involvement of Ca2+ efflux in modulating the activation of intrinsic apoptosis. To conclude, our data demonstrate an association of "early" ultrastructural alterations in mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum with the "late" induction of intrinsic apoptosis via the modulation of Ca2+ efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (L.P.); (N.D.)
| | - Louiza Potamiti
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (L.P.); (N.D.)
| | - Nikoletta Demosthenous
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (L.P.); (N.D.)
| | - Tom Amery
- The Watercress Company, Dorchester DT2 8QY, UK;
| | - Kyle Stewart
- Watercress Research Limited, Exeter EX5 2GE, UK; (K.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Paul G. Winyard
- Watercress Research Limited, Exeter EX5 2GE, UK; (K.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (L.P.); (N.D.)
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5
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Yamamoto H, Shimomura N, Oura K, Hasegawa Y. Nacre Extract from Pearl Oyster Shell Prevents D-Galactose-Induced Brain and Skin Aging. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:503-518. [PMID: 36629944 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pearl oyster shells comprise two layers, a prismatic and nacreous layer, of calcium carbonate. The nacreous layer has been used in Chinese medicine since ancient times. In this study, we investigated the effects of the extract from the nacreous layer of pearl oysters (nacre extract) on D-galactose-induced brain and skin aging. Treatment with nacre extract led to the recovery of D-galactose-induced memory impairment, as examined using the Barnes maze, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests. A histological study showed that nacre extract suppressed D-galactose-induced neuronal cell death and the expression of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax), which causes apoptosis in the hippocampus. In addition, the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which counteracts age-related brain dysfunction, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase (sirtuin 1), which delays aging and extends lifespan, increased after nacre extract treatment. Moreover, the nacre extract showed anti-aging effects against D-galactose-induced skin aging; it suppressed D-galactose-induced wrinkle formation, decreased skin moisture, decreased epidermal thickness, and destroyed collagen arrangement associated with aging. Furthermore, the nacre extract suppressed oxidative stress associated with aging in the brain and skin by upregulating the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase. The expression level of the cellular senescence marker p16, which is induced by oxidative stress, was elevated in the hippocampus and skin epidermal layer of D-galactose-treated mice, and it was suppressed by the administration of nacre extract. These results show that the nacre extract can suppress D-galactose-induced aging by enhancing anti-oxidant activity and suppressing p16 expression. Thus, the nacre extract may be an effective anti-aging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Yamamoto
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Nanami Shimomura
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuma Oura
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan.
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6
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Harris AS, Aratani S, Johmura Y, Suzuki N, Dan L, Nakanishi M. In vivo dynamics of senescence in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 673:121-130. [PMID: 37385006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is defined as a sudden loss of kidney function. In severe AKI, irreversible loss of kidney cells can occur. Cellular senescence might contribute to this maladaptive tubular repair, though, its pathophysiological role in vivo is incompletely understood. In this study, we used p16-CreERT2-tdTomato mice in which cells with high p16 expression, a prototypical senescent marker, are labeled with tdTomato fluorescence. Then, we induced AKI by rhabdomyolysis and traced the cells with high p16 expression following AKI. We proved that the induction of senescence was observed predominantly in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) and occurred in a relatively acute phase within 1-3 days after AKI. These acute senescent PTECs were spontaneously eliminated by day 15. On the contrary, the generation of senescence in PTECs persisted during the chronic recovery phase. We also confirmed that the kidney function did not fully recover on day 15. These results suggest that the chronic generation of senescent PTECs might contribute to maladaptive recovery from AKI and lead to chronic kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Harris
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Sae Aratani
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Johmura
- Division of Cancer and Senescence Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Narumi Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Li Dan
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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7
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Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Golfinopoulos S, Efthymiadi M, Poulianiti C, Polyzou Konsta MA, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I. Routes of Albumin Overload Toxicity in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119640. [PMID: 37298591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides being a marker of kidney disease severity, albuminuria exerts a toxic effect on renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs). We evaluated whether an unfolded protein response (UPR) or DNA damage response (DDR) is elicited in RPTECs exposed to high albumin concentration. The deleterious outcomes of the above pathways, apoptosis, senescence, or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated. Albumin caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and protein modification, and a UPR assessed the level of crucial molecules involved in this pathway. ROS also induced a DDR evaluated by critical molecules involved in this pathway. Apoptosis ensued through the extrinsic pathway. Senescence also occurred, and the RPTECs acquired a senescence-associated secretory phenotype since they overproduced IL-1β and TGF-β1. The latter may contribute to the observed EMT. Agents against endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) only partially alleviated the above changes, while the inhibition of ROS upregulation prevented both UPR and DDR and all the subsequent harmful effects. Briefly, albumin overload causes cellular apoptosis, senescence, and EMT in RPTECs by triggering UPR and DDR. Promising anti-ERS factors are beneficial but cannot eliminate the albumin-induced deleterious effects because DDR also occurs. Factors that suppress ROS overproduction may be more effective since they could halt UPR and DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Eleftheriadis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios Pissas
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Spyridon Golfinopoulos
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Efthymiadi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christina Poulianiti
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Anna Polyzou Konsta
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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8
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Zaman T, Fahad TM, Rana M, Hossain MS, Mamun A, Haque MA, Sarker A, Islam MS, Haque MMUL, Naz T, Manik MIN, Ali H, Yamasu K, Khan A. Endosulfan affects embryonic development synergistically under elevated ambient temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27665-z. [PMID: 37188935 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we determined the developmental toxicity of endosulfan at an elevated ambient temperature using the zebrafish animal model. Zebrafish embryos of various developmental stages were exposed to endosulfan through E3 medium, raised under two selected temperature conditions (28.5 °C and an elevated temperature of 35 °C), and monitored under the microscope. Zebrafish embryos of very early developmental stages (cellular cleavage stages, such as the 64-cell stage) were highly sensitive to the elevated temperature as 37.5% died and 47.5% developed into amorphous type, while only 15.0% of embryos developed as normal embryos without malformation. Zebrafish embryos that were exposed concurrently to endosulfan and an elevated temperature showed stronger developmental defects (arrested epiboly progress, shortened body length, curved trunk) compared to the embryos exposed to either endosulfan or an elevated temperature. The brain structure of the embryos that concurrently were exposed to the elevated temperature and endosulfan was either incompletely developed or malformed. Furthermore, the stress-implicated genes hsp70, p16, and smp30 regulations were synergistically affected by endosulfan treatment under the elevated thermal condition. Overall, the elevated ambient temperature synergistically enhanced the developmental toxicity of endosulfan in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjeena Zaman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
- Rajshahi Institute of Bioscience, Maskatadighi, Motihar, Rajshahi, 6212, Bangladesh
| | | | - Masud Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anwarul Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ashananda Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shariful Islam
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Minhaz-U L Haque
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Tarannum Naz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imran Nur Manik
- Department of Pharmacy, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hazrat Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Kyo Yamasu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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9
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Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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10
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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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11
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Dou W, Xie J, Chen J, Zhou J, Xu Z, Wang Z, Zhu Q. Overexpression of adrenomedullin (ADM) alleviates the senescence of human dental pulp stem cells by regulating the miR-152/CCNA2 pathway. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:565-579. [PMID: 36310381 PMCID: PMC9928452 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2135621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The limitation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which have potential application value in regenerative medicine, is that they are prone to age in vitro. Studies have shown adrenomedullin (ADM) is believed to promote the proliferation of human DPSCs, but whether it can also affect aging remains to be investigated. A lentivirus vector was used to construct human DPSCs overexpressing ADM. Senescence tests were carried out on cells of the 7th and 15th passage. Transcriptome analysis was conducted to analyze microRNA expression regulation changes after human DPSCs overexpressed ADM. H2O2 induced the aging model of human DPSCs, and we examined the mechanism of recovery of aging through transfection experiments with miR-152 mimic, pCDH-CCNA2, and CCNA2 siRNA. Overexpression of ADM significantly upregulated the G2/M phase ratio of human DPSCs in natural passage culture (P = 0.001) and inhibited the expression of p53 (P = 0.014), P21 WAF1 (P = 0.015), and P16 INK4A (P = 0.001). Decreased ROS accumulation was observed in human DPSCs during long-term natural passage (P = 0.022). Transcriptome analysis showed that miR-152 was significantly upregulated during human DPSC senescence (P = 0.001) and could induce cell senescence by directly targeting CCNA2. Transfection with miR-152 mimic significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of ADM overexpression on p53 (P = 0.006), P21 WAF1 (P = 0.012), and P16 INK4A (P = 0.01) proteins in human DPSCs (H2O2-induced). In contrast, pCDH-CCNA2 weakened the effect of the miR-152 mimic, thus promoting cell proliferation and antiaging. ADM-overexpressing human DPSCs promote cell cycle progression and resist cellular senescence through CCNA2 expression promotion by inhibiting miR-152.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Dou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaye Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zunyue Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Qiang Zhu Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai200433, China
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12
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Modern Concepts in Melanocytic Tumors. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:402-412. [PMID: 36649787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of molecular pathology has fueled unprecedented advances in the diagnosis and understanding of melanocytic tumors. These advances, however, have also generated concepts that may be difficult to grasp for clinical practitioners, who are not always conversant with the array of genetic techniques employed in the laboratory. These same practitioners, however, are being increasingly called on to provide treatments that are often based on the latest molecular findings for melanocytic tumors. We review the most recent concepts in the pathway classification of melanocytic tumors, including intermediate lesions known as melanocytomas. We examine the genetic and molecular techniques used to study these tumors, look at where they overlap, and discuss their limitations and some of the most difficult-to-interpret results.
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13
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P16 INK4a Regulates ROS-Related Autophagy and CDK4/6-Mediated Proliferation: A New Target of Myocardial Regeneration Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:1696190. [PMID: 36852326 PMCID: PMC9966567 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1696190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal mice achieve complete cardiac repair through endogenous myocardial regeneration after apical resection (AR), but this capacity is rapidly lost 7 days after birth. As an upstream inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6- (CDK4/6-) mediated cell cycle activity, p16INK4a is widely involved in regulating tumor and senescence. Given that p16INK4a had a significant negative regulation on cell proliferation, targeting cardiomyocytes (CMs) to inhibit p16INK4a seems to be a promising attempt at myocardial regeneration therapy. The p16INK4a expression was upregulated during perimyocardial regeneration time. Knockdown of p16INK4a stimulated CM proliferation, while p16INK4a overexpression had the opposite effect. In addition, p16INK4a knockdown prolonged the proliferation time window of newborn myocardium. And p16INK4a overexpression inhibited cell cycle activity and deteriorated myocardial regeneration after AR. The quantitative proteomic analysis showed that p16INK4a knockdown mediated the cell cycle progression and intervened in energy metabolism homeostasis. Mechanistically, overexpression of p16INK4a causes abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce autophagy, while scavenging ROS with N-acetylcysteine can alleviate autophagy and regulate p16INK4a, CDK4/6, and CyclinD1 in a covering manner. And the effect of inhibiting the proliferation of p16INK4a-activated CMs was significantly blocked by the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib. In summary, p16INK4a regulated CM proliferation progression through CDK4/6 and ROS-related autophagy to jointly affect myocardial regeneration repair. Our study revealed that p16INK4a might be a potential therapeutic target for myocardial regeneration after injury.
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14
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Liu Z, Zhao E, Li H, Lin D, Huang C, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Liao W, Li F. Identification and validation of a novel stress granules-related prognostic model in colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1105368. [PMID: 37205121 PMCID: PMC10187888 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1105368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: A growing body of evidence demonstrates that Stress granules (SGs), a non-membrane cytoplasmic compartments, are important to colorectal development and chemoresistance. However, the clinical and pathological significance of SGs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is unclear. The aim of this study is to propose a new prognostic model related to SGs for CRC on the basis of transcriptional expression. Main methods: Differentially expressed SGs-related genes (DESGGs) were identified in CRC patients from TCGA dataset by limma R package. The univariate and Multivariate Cox regression model was used to construct a SGs-related prognostic prediction gene signature (SGPPGS). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to assess cellular immune components between the two different risk groups. The mRNA expression levels of the predictive signature from 3 partial response (PR) and 6 stable disease (SD) or progress disease (PD) after neoadjuvant therapy CRC patients' specimen were examined. Key findings: By screening and identification, SGPPGS comprised of four genes (CPT2, NRG1, GAP43, and CDKN2A) from DESGGs is established. Furthermore, we find that the risk score of SGPPGS is an independent prognostic factor to overall survival. Notably, the abundance of immune response inhibitory components in tumor tissues is upregulated in the group with a high-risk score of SGPPGS. Importantly, the risk score of SGPPGS is associated with the chemotherapy response in metastatic colorectal cancer. Significance: This study reveals the association between SGs related genes and CRC prognosis and provides a novel SGs related gene signature for CRC prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fengtian Li
- *Correspondence: Fengtian Li, ; Wenting Liao,
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15
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Kreuger IZM, Slieker RC, van Groningen T, van Doorn R. Therapeutic Strategies for Targeting CDKN2A Loss in Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:18-25.e1. [PMID: 36123181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Loss of the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A, encoding p16 and p14, is a frequent event driving melanoma progression. Therefore, therapeutic strategies aimed at CDKN2A loss hold great potential to improve melanoma treatment. Pharmacological inhibition of the p16 targets CDK4/6 is a prime example of such a strategy. Other approaches exploit cell cycle deregulation, target metabolic rewiring, epigenetically restore expression, act on dependencies resulting from co-deleted genes, or are directed at the effects of CDKN2A loss on immune responses. This review explores these therapeutic strategies targeting CDKN2A loss, which potentially open up new avenues for precision medicine in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Z M Kreuger
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick C Slieker
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tim van Groningen
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remco van Doorn
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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16
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Kline CD, Anderson M, Bassett JW, Kent G, Berryman R, Honeggar M, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Indra AK, Moos PJ, Leachman SA, Cassidy PB. MITF Is Regulated by Redox Signals Controlled by the Selenoprotein Thioredoxin Reductase 1. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5011. [PMID: 36291795 PMCID: PMC9600194 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TR1 and other selenoproteins have paradoxical effects in melanocytes and melanomas. Increasing selenoprotein activity with supplemental selenium in a mouse model of UV-induced melanoma prevents oxidative damage to melanocytes and delays melanoma tumor formation. However, TR1 itself is positively associated with progression in human melanomas and facilitates metastasis in melanoma xenografts. Here, we report that melanocytes expressing a microRNA directed against TR1 (TR1low) grow more slowly than control cell lines and contain significantly less melanin. This phenotype is associated with lower tyrosinase (TYR) activity and reduced transcription of tyrosinase-like protein-1 (TYRP1). Melanoma cells in which the TR1 gene (TXNRD1) was disrupted using Crispr/Cas9 showed more dramatic effects including the complete loss of the melanocyte-specific isoform of MITF; other MITF isoforms were unaffected. We provide evidence that TR1 depletion results in oxidation of MITF itself. This newly discovered mechanism for redox modification of MITF has profound implications for controlling both pigmentation and tumorigenesis in cells of the melanocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey D. Kline
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Madeleine Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - John W. Bassett
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gail Kent
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rachel Berryman
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthew Honeggar
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Philip J. Moos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sancy A. Leachman
- Department of Dermatology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Pamela B. Cassidy
- Department of Dermatology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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17
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Zhang X, Li H, Liu C, Yuan X. Role of ROS‑mediated autophagy in melanoma (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:303. [PMID: 35946460 PMCID: PMC9434998 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with the poorest prognosis and its pathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. As key factors that regulate cellular homeostasis, both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy are involved in the development of melanoma, from melanomagenesis to progression and drug resistance. However, the interaction between ROS and autophagy in the etiology and treatment of melanoma is not well characterized. The present review examined the production of ROS and the role of oxidative stress in melanoma, and summarized the role of ROS‑mediated autophagy in melanomagenesis and melanoma cell fate decision following treatment with various anticancer drugs. The present findings may lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, and suggest promising treatment options for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Huaijun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chengxiang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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18
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De Backer J, Lin A, Berghe WV, Bogaerts A, Hoogewijs D. Cytoglobin inhibits non-thermal plasma-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells through regulation of the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102399. [PMID: 35850009 PMCID: PMC9294208 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma arises from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes located in the basal layers of the epidermis of the skin. Cytoglobin (CYGB) is a ubiquitously expressed hexacoordinated globin that is highly enriched in melanocytes and frequently downregulated during melanomagenesis. Previously, we showed that non-thermal plasma (NTP)-produced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) lead to the formation of an intramolecular disulfide bridge that would allow CYGB to function as a redox-sensitive protein. Here, we investigate the cytotoxic effect of indirect NTP treatment in two melanoma cell lines with divergent endogenous CYGB expression levels, and we explore the role of CYGB in determining treatment outcome. Our findings are consistent with previous studies supporting that NTP cytotoxicity is mediated through the production of RONS and leads to apoptotic cell death in melanoma cells. Furthermore, we show that NTP-treated solutions elicit an antioxidant response through the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The knockdown and overexpression of CYGB respectively sensitizes and protects melanoma cells from RONS-induced apoptotic cell death. The presence of CYGB enhances heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NRF2 protein expression levels, whereas the absence impairs their expression. Moreover, analysis of the CYGB-dependent transcriptome demonstrates the tumor suppressor long non-coding RNA maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) as a hitherto undescribed link between CYGB and NRF2. Thus, the presence of CYGB, at least in melanoma cells, seems to play a central role in determining the therapeutic outcome of RONS-inducing anticancer therapies, like NTP-treated solutions, possessing both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic features. Hence, CYGB expression could be of interest either as a biomarker or as a candidate for future targeted therapies in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey De Backer
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES) Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Section of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Abraham Lin
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT) Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES) Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT) Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Section of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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19
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Safwan-Zaiter H, Wagner N, Wagner KD. P16INK4A-More Than a Senescence Marker. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1332. [PMID: 36143369 PMCID: PMC9501954 DOI: 10.3390/life12091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological feature that is characterized by gradual degeneration of function in cells, tissues, organs, or an intact organism due to the accumulation of environmental factors and stresses with time. Several factors have been attributed to aging such as oxidative stress and augmented production or exposure to reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines production, telomere shortening, DNA damage, and, importantly, the deposit of senescent cells. These are irreversibly mitotically inactive, yet metabolically active cells. The reason underlying their senescence lies within the extrinsic and the intrinsic arms. The extrinsic arm is mainly characterized by the expression and the secretory profile known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The intrinsic arm results from the impact of several genes meant to regulate the cell cycle, such as tumor suppressor genes. P16INK4A is a tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulator that has been linked to aging and senescence. Extensive research has revealed that p16 expression is significantly increased in senescent cells, as well as during natural aging or age-related pathologies. Based on this fact, p16 is considered as a specific biomarker for detecting senescent cells and aging. Other studies have found that p16 is not only a senescence marker, but also a protein with many functions outside of senescence and aging. In this paper, we discuss and shed light on several studies that show the different functions of p16 and provide insights in its role in several biological processes besides senescence and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Wagner
- CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Université Côte d’Azur, 06107 Nice, France
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20
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Papaccio F, D′Arino A, Caputo S, Bellei B. Focus on the Contribution of Oxidative Stress in Skin Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1121. [PMID: 35740018 PMCID: PMC9220264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is one of the most evident signs of human aging. Modification of the skin during the life span is characterized by fine lines and wrinkling, loss of elasticity and volume, laxity, rough-textured appearance, and pallor. In contrast, photoaged skin is associated with uneven pigmentation (age spot) and is markedly wrinkled. At the cellular and molecular level, it consists of multiple interconnected processes based on biochemical reactions, genetic programs, and occurrence of external stimulation. The principal cellular perturbation in the skin driving senescence is the alteration of oxidative balance. In chronological aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly through cellular oxidative metabolism during adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation from glucose and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas in extrinsic aging, loss of redox equilibrium is caused by environmental factors, such as ultraviolet radiation, pollution, cigarette smoking, and inadequate nutrition. During the aging process, oxidative stress is attributed to both augmented ROS production and reduced levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic protectors. Apart from the evident appearance of structural change, throughout aging, the skin gradually loses its natural functional characteristics and regenerative potential. With aging, the skin immune system also undergoes functional senescence manifested as a reduced ability to counteract infections and augmented frequency of autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. This review proposes an update on the role of oxidative stress in the appearance of the clinical manifestation of skin aging, as well as of the molecular mechanisms that underline this natural phenomenon sometimes accelerated by external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (S.C.)
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21
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Fahham N, Zandi F, Ghahremani MH, Ostad SN, Vaziri B, Shahraeini SS, Sardari S. Unraveling Potential Candidate Targets Associated with Expression of
p16INK4a or p16 Truncated Fragment by Comparative Proteomics Analysis. CURR PROTEOMICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164618666210728121529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
p16 is a tumor suppressor protein that is significantly involved in cycle
regulation through the reduction of cell progression from the G1 phase to the S phase via CDK-cyclin
D/p16INK4a/pRb/E2F cascade. The minimum functional domain of p16 has been uncovered that
may function comparable to wild type p16.
Objective:
To expand the knowledge on molecules and mechanisms by which p16 or p1666-156 fragment
suppresses human fibrosarcoma cell line growth, differential proteome profiles of fibrosarcoma
cells following p16 full length or the functional domain overexpression, were analyzed.
Methods:
Following transfecting HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells with p16 full length, p1666-156 truncated
form, and pcDNA3.1 empty vector, protein extract of each sample was harvested and clarified
by centrifugation, and then the protein content was determined via Bradford assay. All protein extract
of each sample was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Immunoblot analysis
was performed as further validation of the expression status of identified proteins.
Results:
Expression of p16 or p1666-156 fragment could induce mostly the common alterations (up/-
down-regulation) of proteome profile of HT-1080 cells. Mass spectrometry identification of the differentially
expressed protein spots revealed several proteins that were grouped in functional clusters,
including cell cycle regulation and proliferation, cell migration and structure, oxidative stress,
protein metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and signal transduction.
Conclusion:
The minimum functional domain of p16 could act in the same way as p16 full length.
Also, these new findings can significantly enrich the understanding of p16 growth-suppressive
function at the molecular level by the introduction of potential candidate targets for new treatment
strategies. Furthermore, the present study provides strong evidence on the functional efficacy of
the identified fragment of p16 for further attempts toward peptidomimetic drug design or gene
transfer to block cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Fahham
- Protein Chemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zandi
- Protein Chemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Vaziri
- Protein Chemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Seyed Sadegh Shahraeini
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research
Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research
Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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22
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The Double-Edged Sword of Oxidative Stress in Skin Damage and Melanoma: From Physiopathology to Therapeutical Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040612. [PMID: 35453297 PMCID: PMC9027913 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is constantly exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An adequate balance between ROS levels and antioxidant defenses is necessary for the optimal cell and tissue functions, especially for the skin, since it must face additional ROS sources that do not affect other tissues, including UV radiation. Melanocytes are more exposed to oxidative stress than other cells, also due to the melanin production process, which itself contributes to generating ROS. There is an increasing amount of evidence that oxidative stress may play a role in many skin diseases, including melanoma, being the primary cause or being a cofactor that aggravates the primary condition. Indeed, oxidative stress is emerging as another major force involved in all the phases of melanoma development, not only in the arising of the malignancy but also in the progression toward the metastatic phenotype. Furthermore, oxidative stress seems to play a role also in chemoresistance and thus has become a target for therapy. In this review, we discuss the existing knowledge on oxidative stress in the skin, examining sources and defenses, giving particular consideration to melanocytes. Therefore, we focus on the significance of oxidative stress in melanoma, thus analyzing the possibility to exploit the induction of oxidative stress as a therapeutic strategy to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic management of melanoma.
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23
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Kyriakou S, Tragkola V, Alghol H, Anestopoulos I, Amery T, Stewart K, Winyard PG, Trafalis DT, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Evaluation of Bioactive Properties of Lipophilic Fractions of Edible and Non-Edible Parts of Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:141. [PMID: 35215254 PMCID: PMC8879096 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Watercress is an enriched source of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), among other phytochemicals, with an antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to (i) chemically characterize and (ii) biologically evaluate the profile of the main health-promoting compounds contained in edible (i.e., mixture of leaves and lateral buds) and non-edible (i.e., stems) parts of watercress in an in vitro model of malignant melanoma consisting of human malignant melanoma (A375), non-melanoma (A431) and keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. The extraction of the main constituents of watercress was performed by subjecting the freeze-dried edible and non-edible samples through different extraction protocols, whereas their concentration was obtained utilizing analytical methodologies. In addition, cell viability was evaluated by the Alamar Blue assay, whereas levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined by commercially available kits. The edible watercress sample contained a higher amount of various nutrients and phytochemicals in the hexane fraction compared to the non-edible one, as evidenced by the presence of PEITC, phenolics, flavonoids, pigments, ascorbic acid, etc. The cytotoxicity potential of the edible watercress sample in the hexane fraction was considerably higher than the non-edible one in A375 cells, whereas A431 and HaCaT cells appeared to be either more resistant or minimally affected, respectively. Finally, levels of oxidative stress and apoptotic induction were increased in both watercress samples, but the magnitude of the induction was much higher in the edible than the non-edible watercress samples. Herein, we provide further evidence documenting the potential development of watercress extracts (including watercress waste by-products) as promising anti-cancer agent(s) against malignant melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus;
| | - Venetia Tragkola
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus;
| | - Heba Alghol
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus;
| | - Ioannis Anestopoulos
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus;
| | - Tom Amery
- The Watercress Company, Dorchester DT2 8QY, UK;
| | - Kyle Stewart
- Watercress Research Limited, Devon TQ12 4AA, UK; (K.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Paul G. Winyard
- Watercress Research Limited, Devon TQ12 4AA, UK; (K.S.); (P.G.W.)
| | - Dimitrios T. Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus;
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Urtatiz O, Haage A, Tanentzapf G, Van Raamsdonk CD. Crosstalk with keratinocytes causes GNAQ oncogene specificity in melanoma. eLife 2021; 10:71825. [PMID: 34939927 PMCID: PMC8747508 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Different melanoma subtypes exhibit specific and non-overlapping sets of oncogene and tumor suppressor mutations, despite a common cell of origin in melanocytes. For example, activation of the Gαq/11 signaling pathway is a characteristic initiating event in primary melanomas that arise in the dermis, uveal tract, or central nervous system. It is rare in melanomas arising in the epidermis. The mechanism for this specificity is unknown. Here, we present evidence that in the mouse, crosstalk with the epidermal microenvironment actively impairs the survival of melanocytes expressing the GNAQQ209L oncogene. We found that GNAQQ209L, in combination with signaling from the interfollicular epidermis (IFE), stimulates dendrite extension, leads to actin cytoskeleton disorganization, inhibits proliferation, and promotes apoptosis in melanocytes. The effect was reversible and paracrine. In contrast, the epidermal environment increased the survival of wildtype and BrafV600E expressing melanocytes. Hence, our studies reveal the flip side of Gαq/11 signaling, which was hitherto unsuspected. In the future, the identification of the epidermal signals that restrain the GNAQQ209L oncogene could suggest novel therapies for GNAQ and GNA11 mutant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Urtatiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amanda Haage
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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25
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Csekes E, Račková L. Skin Aging, Cellular Senescence and Natural Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12641. [PMID: 34884444 PMCID: PMC8657738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, being the barrier organ of the body, is constitutively exposed to various stimuli impacting its morphology and function. Senescent cells have been found to accumulate with age and may contribute to age-related skin changes and pathologies. Natural polyphenols exert many health benefits, including ameliorative effects on skin aging. By affecting molecular pathways of senescence, polyphenols are able to prevent or delay the senescence formation and, consequently, avoid or ameliorate aging and age-associated pathologies of the skin. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in skin aging and cellular senescence, and to summarize the recent in vitro studies related to the anti-senescent mechanisms of natural polyphenols carried out on keratinocytes, melanocytes and fibroblasts. Aged skin in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Csekes
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Račková
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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26
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ROS Pleiotropy in Melanoma and Local Therapy with Physical Modalities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6816214. [PMID: 34777692 PMCID: PMC8580636 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6816214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic energy production naturally generates unwanted products such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative damage. Oxidative damage has been linked to several pathologies, including diabetes, premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. ROS were therefore originally anticipated as an imperative evil, a product of an imperfect system. More recently, however, the role of ROS in signaling and tumor treatment is increasingly acknowledged. This review addresses the main types, sources, and pathways of ROS in melanoma by linking their pleiotropic roles in antioxidant and oxidant regulation, hypoxia, metabolism, and cell death. In addition, the implications of ROS in various physical therapy modalities targeting melanoma, such as radiotherapy, electrochemotherapy, hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, and medical gas plasma, are also discussed. By including ROS in the main picture of melanoma skin cancer and as an integral part of cancer therapies, a greater understanding of melanoma cell biology is presented, which ultimately may elucidate additional clues on targeting therapy resistance of this most deadly form of skin cancer.
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27
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Kramar B, Šuput D, Milisav I. Differential p16 expression levels in the liver, hepatocytes and hepatocellular cell lines. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12358. [PMID: 34760375 PMCID: PMC8570159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the most frequently deleted genes in cancer is CDKN2A encoding p16. This protein is often overexpressed in senescent cells, while its suppression can bypass the oncogene-induced senescence to enable transformation and tumorigenesis. The roles of the protein p16 are recently being expanded from the cell cycle progression regulator to the cellular regulator interacting in several different pathways. Yet data on its liver and liver cells' expression are inconclusive. Methods The expression of the p16 gene in liver and liver cells was determined by RT-qPCR and compared to its protein amounts by western blotting. Results p16 is expressed at low levels in the liver and rat hepatocytes. Its expression varies from none to the considerable levels in the examined hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (FaO and HepG2) and in immortalized mouse hepatocytes. Such significant expression differences of an important cellular regulator warrant the need to closely examine the differences in biochemical pathways correlated with the p16 expression when using hepatocytes and hepatoma liver models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kramar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Zaloska 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Šuput
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Zaloska 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irina Milisav
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Zaloska 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of oxidative stress research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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28
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Low E, Alimohammadiha G, Smith LA, Costello LF, Przyborski SA, von Zglinicki T, Miwa S. How good is the evidence that cellular senescence causes skin ageing? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101456. [PMID: 34487917 PMCID: PMC8524668 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the body with important protective functions, which become compromised with time due to both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing processes. Cellular senescence is the primary ageing process at cell level, associated with loss of proliferative capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction and significantly altered patterns of expression and secretion of bioactive molecules. Intervention experiments have proven cell senescence as a relevant cause of ageing in many organs. In case of skin, accumulation of senescence in all major compartments with ageing is well documented and might be responsible for most, if not all, the molecular changes observed during ageing. Incorporation of senescent cells into in-vitro skin models (specifically 3D full thickness models) recapitulates changes typically associated with skin ageing. However, crucial evidence is still missing. A beneficial effect of senescent cell ablation on skin ageing has so far only been shown following rather unspecific interventions or in transgenic mouse models. We conclude that evidence for cellular senescence as a relevant cause of intrinsic skin ageing is highly suggestive but not yet completely conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evon Low
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Ghazaleh Alimohammadiha
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Lucy A Smith
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Lydia F Costello
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Stefan A Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Satomi Miwa
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
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29
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Fatemi I, Dehdashtian E, Pourhanifeh MH, Mehrzadi S, Hosseinzadeh A. Therapeutic Application of Melatonin in the Treatment of Melanoma: A Review. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394717666210526140950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer, which is responsible for more deaths
than nonmelanoma skin cancers. Therapeutic strategies include targeted therapy, biochemotherapy,
immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection. Depending on the
clinical stage, single or combination therapy may be used to prevent and treat cancer. Due to resistance
development during treatment courses, the efficacy of mentioned therapies can be reduced.
In addition to resistance, these treatments have serious side effects for melanoma patients. According
to available reports, melatonin, a pineal indolamine with a wide spectrum of biological potentials,
has anticancer features. Furthermore, melatonin could protect against chemotherapy- and radiation-
induced adverse events and can sensitize cancer cells to therapy. The present review discusses
the therapeutic application of melatonin in the treatment of melanoma. This review was carried
out in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases comprising the date of publication period
from January 1976 to March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman,Iran
| | - Ehsan Dehdashtian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | | | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
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30
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Genetic Alterations in the INK4a/ARF Locus: Effects on Melanoma Development and Progression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101447. [PMID: 33076392 PMCID: PMC7602651 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations in the INK4a/ARF (or CDKN2A) locus have been reported in many cancer types, including melanoma; head and neck squamous cell carcinomas; lung, breast, and pancreatic cancers. In melanoma, loss of function CDKN2A alterations have been identified in approximately 50% of primary melanomas, in over 75% of metastatic melanomas, and in the germline of 40% of families with a predisposition to cutaneous melanoma. The CDKN2A locus encodes two critical tumor suppressor proteins, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4a and the p53 regulator p14ARF. The majority of CDKN2A alterations in melanoma selectively target p16INK4a or affect the coding sequence of both p16INK4a and p14ARF. There is also a subset of less common somatic and germline INK4a/ARF alterations that affect p14ARF, while not altering the syntenic p16INK4a coding regions. In this review, we describe the frequency and types of somatic alterations affecting the CDKN2A locus in melanoma and germline CDKN2A alterations in familial melanoma, and their functional consequences in melanoma development. We discuss the clinical implications of CDKN2A inactivating alterations and their influence on treatment response and resistance.
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31
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Buj R, Chen CW, Dahl ES, Leon KE, Kuskovsky R, Maglakelidze N, Navaratnarajah M, Zhang G, Doan MT, Jiang H, Zaleski M, Kutzler L, Lacko H, Lu Y, Mills GB, Gowda R, Robertson GP, Warrick JI, Herlyn M, Imamura Y, Kimball SR, DeGraff DJ, Snyder NW, Aird KM. Suppression of p16 Induces mTORC1-Mediated Nucleotide Metabolic Reprogramming. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1971-1980.e8. [PMID: 31433975 PMCID: PMC6716532 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism and cell cycle dysregulation are two cancer hallmarks. p16 is a cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor that is upregulated during oncogene-induced senescence (OIS). Loss of p16 allows for uninhibited cell cycle progression, bypass of OIS, and tumorigenesis. Whether p16 loss affects pro-tumorigenic metabolism is unclear. We report that suppression of p16 plays a central role in reprogramming metabolism by increasing nucleotide synthesis. This occurs by activation of mTORC1 signaling, which directly mediates increased translation of the mRNA encoding ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A (RPIA), a pentose phosphate pathway enzyme. p16 loss correlates with activation of the mTORC1-RPIA axis in multiple cancer types. Suppression of RPIA inhibits proliferation only in p16-low cells by inducing senescence both in vitro and in vivo. These data reveal the molecular basis whereby p16 loss modulates pro-tumorigenic metabolism through mTORC1-mediated upregulation of nucleotide synthesis and reveals a metabolic vulnerability of p16-null cancer cells. Senescence bypass through p16 loss predisposes to transformation and tumorigenesis. Buj et al. found that the loss of p16 upregulates nucleotide metabolism through increased mTORC1-mediated translation of RPIA to bypass senescence in an RB-independent manner. Thus, the mTORC1-RPIA axis is a metabolic vulnerability for p16-null cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Buj
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Erika S Dahl
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Kelly E Leon
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Rostislav Kuskovsky
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Maithili Navaratnarajah
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Gao Zhang
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Institute, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mary T Doan
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Helen Jiang
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Zaleski
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Lydia Kutzler
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Holly Lacko
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Institute, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - David J DeGraff
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine M Aird
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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32
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Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ. Senescence in Wound Repair: Emerging Strategies to Target Chronic Healing Wounds. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:773. [PMID: 32850866 PMCID: PMC7431694 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a fundamental stress response that restrains tumour formation. Yet, senescence cells are also present in non-cancerous states, accumulating exponentially with chronological age and contributing to age- and diabetes-related cellular dysfunction. The identification of hypersecretory and phagocytic behaviours in cells that were once believed to be non-functional has led to a recent explosion of senescence research. Here we discuss the profound, and often opposing, roles identified for short-lived vs. chronic tissue senescence. Transiently induced senescence is required for development, regeneration and acute wound repair, while chronic senescence is widely implicated in tissue pathology. We recently demonstrated that sustained senescence contributes to impaired diabetic healing via the CXCR2 receptor, which when blocked promotes repair. Further studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of targeting a range of senescence-linked processes to fight disease. Collectively, these findings hold promise for developing clinically viable strategies to tackle senescence in chronic wounds and other cutaneous pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
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33
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Lv F, Li N, Kong M, Wu J, Fan Z, Miao D, Xu Y, Ye Q, Wang Y. CDKN2a/p16 Antagonizes Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis by Modulating ROS Levels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:176. [PMID: 32266258 PMCID: PMC7105638 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid-storage hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play as pivotal role in liver fibrosis being able to trans-differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to various pro-fibrogenic stimuli. In the present study we investigated the role of CDKN2a/p16, a negative regulator of cell cycling, in HSC activation and the underlying mechanism. Levels of p16 were significantly down-regulated in activated HSCs isolated from mice induced to develop liver fibrosis compared to quiescent HSCs isolated from the control mice ex vivo. There was a similar decrease in p16 expression in cultured HSCs undergoing spontaneous activation or exposed to TGF-β treatment in vitro. More important, p16 down-regulation was observed to correlate with cirrhosis in humans. In a classic model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis, fibrogenesis was far more extensive in mice with p16 deficiency (KO) than the wild type (WT) littermates. Depletion of p16 in cultured HSCs promoted the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Mechanistically, p16 deficiency accelerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HSCs likely through the p38 MAPK signaling. P38 inhibition or ROS cleansing attenuated ECM production in p16 deficient HSCs. Taken together, our data unveil a previously unappreciated role for p16 in the regulation of HSC activation. Screening for small-molecule compounds that can boost p16 activity may yield novel therapeutic strategies against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqiao Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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34
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Li J, Karim MA, Che H, Geng Q, Miao D. Deletion of p16 prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and osteocyte senescence. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:672-683. [PMID: 32194914 PMCID: PMC7061825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether p16 deletion can prevent osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency, we first confirmed that p16 protein expression levels were significantly up-regulated in bony tissue of ovariectomized (OVX) wild-type mice. Eight-week-old wild-type and p16-/- mice were then sham-operated or bilateral OVX. After 12 weeks, the bone phenotypes of all models were analyzed by radiography, micro-computed tomography, histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular biology. The results showed that p16 deficiency could rescue OVX-induced osteoporosis by significantly increased bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume, total collagen positive area, osteoblast number, type I collagen positive area, fibroblast colony-forming unit (CFU-f) and alkaline phosphatase-positive CFU-f with up-regulation of the mRNA expression levels of Alp, Runx2, type I collagen and osteocalcin, and significantly reduced osteoclast surface and the ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA expression level. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that p16 deletion inhibited OVX-induced oxidative stress and bone cell senescence, such as a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species levels, up-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 protein expression levels, and reduction of the percentage of β-galactosidase-positive osteocytes and p21 protein expression levels in bony tissue. Our results indicate that p16 deletion can prevent estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, osteocyte senescence and osteoclastic bone resorption, stimulating osteogenesis and osteoblastic bone formation. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the potential of p16 as a novel therapeutic target for estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical UniversityXuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Amin Karim
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Che
- University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-UniversityFreiburg, Germany
| | - Qinghe Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Research Center for Aging, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
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35
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Markiewicz E, Idowu OC. DNA damage in human skin and the capacities of natural compounds to modulate the bystander signalling. Open Biol 2019; 9:190208. [PMID: 31847786 PMCID: PMC6936251 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin is a stratified organ frequently exposed to sun-generated ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which is considered one of the major factors responsible for DNA damage. Such damage can be direct, through interactions of DNA with UV photons, or indirect, mainly through enhanced production of reactive oxygen species that introduce oxidative changes to the DNA. Oxidative stress and DNA damage also associate with profound changes at the cellular and molecular level involving several cell cycle and signal transduction factors responsible for DNA repair or irreversible changes linked to ageing. Crucially, some of these factors constitute part of the signalling known for the induction of biological changes in non-irradiated, neighbouring cells and defined as the bystander effect. Network interactions with a number of natural compounds, based on their known activity towards these biomarkers in the skin, reveal the capacity to inhibit both the bystander signalling and cell cycle/DNA damage molecules while increasing expression of the anti-oxidant enzymes. Based on this information, we discuss the likely polypharmacology applications of the natural compounds and next-generation screening technologies in improving the anti-oxidant and DNA repair capacities of the skin.
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36
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Buj R, Aird KM. p16: cycling off the beaten path. Mol Cell Oncol 2019; 6:e1677140. [PMID: 31692916 PMCID: PMC6816386 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2019.1677140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
p16INK4A (hereafter called p16) is a faithful cellular ally in the fight against tumorigenesis. Although its canonical pathway through retinoblastoma (RB) is well delineated, RB-independent functions for p16 are beginning to emerge. Here we summarize non-canonical roles of p16, including our recent finding on its role in nucleotide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Buj
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Aird
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Li C, Liu T, Liu B, Hernandez R, Facelli JC, Grossman D. A novel CDKN2A variant (p16 L117P ) in a patient with familial and multiple primary melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019; 32:734-738. [PMID: 31001908 PMCID: PMC6751567 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in CDKN2A (p16) are commonly found in patients with family history of melanoma or personal history of multiple primary melanomas. The p16 tumor suppressor gene regulates cell cycle progression and senescence through binding of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and also regulates cellular oxidative stress independently of cell cycle control. We identified a germline missense (c.350T>C, p.Leu117Pro) CDKN2A mutation in a patient who had history of four primary melanomas, numerous nevi, and self-reported family history of melanoma. This particular CDKN2A mutation has not been previously reported in prior large studies of melanoma kindreds or patients with multiple primary melanomas. Compared with wild-type p16, the p16L117P mutant largely retained binding capacity for CDK4 and CDK6 but exhibited impaired capacity for repressing cell cycle progression and inducing senescence, while retaining its ability to reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Structural modeling predicted that the Leu117Pro mutation disrupts a putative adenosine monophosphate (AMP) binding pocket involving residue 117 in the fourth ankyrin domain. Identification of this new likely pathogenic variant extends our understanding of CDKN2A in melanoma susceptibility and implicates AMP as a potential regulator of p16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Li
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tong Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bin Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Rolando Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Julio C. Facelli
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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38
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Prieto I, Zambrano A, Laso J, Aranda A, Samper E, Monsalve M. Early induction of senescence and immortalization in PGC-1α-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 138:23-32. [PMID: 31029787 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress is known to induce early replicative senescence. Senescence has been proposed to work as a barrier to immortalization and tumor development. Here, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the loss of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, on replicative senescence and immortalization in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). RESULTS We found that primary MEFs lacking PGC-1α showed higher levels of ROS than wild-type MEFs at all cell passages tested. The elevated production of ROS was associated with higher levels of oxidative DNA damage and the increased formation of DNA double-strand breaks. Evaluation of the induction of DNA repair systems in response to γ-radiation indicated that the loss of PGC-1α also resulted in a small but significant reduction in their activity. DNA damage induced the early activation of senescence markers, including an increase in the number of β-galactosidase-positive cells, the induction of p53 phosphorylation, and the increase in p16 and p19 protein. These changes were, however, not sufficient to reduce proliferation rates of PGC-1α-deficient MEFs at any cell passage tested. Moreover, PGC-1α-deficient cells escaped replicative senescence. INNOVATION & CONCLUSION PGC-1α plays an important role in the control of cellular senescence and immortalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4. 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Zambrano
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km 2. 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Laso
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4. 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Enrique Samper
- NIMGenetics, Genómica y Medicina S.L. Faraday, 7. 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4. 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Baker JR, Vuppusetty C, Colley T, Hassibi S, Fenwick PS, Donnelly LE, Ito K, Barnes PJ. MicroRNA-570 is a novel regulator of cellular senescence and inflammaging. FASEB J 2019; 33:1605-1616. [PMID: 30156909 PMCID: PMC6338629 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800965r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of accelerated aging often occur together (multimorbidity), and their prevalence is increasing, with high societal and health care costs. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one such condition, in which one half of patients exhibit ≥4 age-related diseases. Diseases of accelerated aging share common molecular pathways, which lead to the detrimental accumulation of senescent cells. These senescent cells no longer divide but release multiple inflammatory proteins, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which may perpetuate and speed disease. Here, we show that inhibiting miR-570-3p, which is increased in COPD cells, reverses cellular senescence by restoring the antiaging molecule sirtuin-1. MiR-570-3p is induced by oxidative stress in airway epithelial cells through p38 MAP kinase-c-Jun signaling and drives senescence by inhibiting sirtuin-1. Inhibition of elevated miR-570-3p in COPD small airway epithelial cells, using an antagomir, restores sirtuin-1 and suppresses markers of cellular senescence (p16INK4a, p21Waf1, and p27Kip1), thereby restoring cellular growth by allowing progression through the cell cycle. MiR-570-3p inhibition also suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (matrix metalloproteinases-2/9, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8, IL-1β, and IL-6). Collectively, these data suggest that inhibiting miR-570-3p rejuvenates cells via restoration of sirtuin-1, reducing many of the abnormalities associated with cellular senescence.-Baker, J. R., Vuppusetty, C., Colley, T., Hassibi, S., Fenwick, P. S., Donnelly, L. E., Ito, K., Barnes, P. J. MicroRNA-570 is a novel regulator of cellular senescence and inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Baker
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chaitanya Vuppusetty
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Colley
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shyreen Hassibi
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S. Fenwick
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E. Donnelly
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiro Ito
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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40
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Bagati A, Moparthy S, Fink EE, Bianchi-Smiraglia A, Yun DH, Kolesnikova M, Udartseva OO, Wolff DW, Roll MV, Lipchick BC, Han Z, Kozlova NI, Jowdy P, Berman AE, Box NF, Rodriguez C, Bshara W, Kandel ES, Soengas MS, Paragh G, Nikiforov MA. KLF9-dependent ROS regulate melanoma progression in stage-specific manner. Oncogene 2019; 38:3585-3597. [PMID: 30664687 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although antioxidants promote melanoma metastasis, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in other stages of melanoma progression is controversial. Moreover, genes regulating ROS have not been functionally characterized throughout the entire tumor progression in mouse models of cancer. To address this question, we crossed mice-bearing knock-out of Klf9, an ubiquitous transcriptional regulator of oxidative stress, with two conditional melanocytic mouse models: BrafCA mice, where BrafV600E causes premalignant melanocytic hyperplasia, and BrafCA/Pten-/- mice, where BrafV600E and loss of Pten induce primary melanomas and metastases. Klf9 deficiency inhibited premalignant melanocytic hyperplasia in BrafCA mice but did not affect formation and growth of BrafCA/Pten-/- primary melanomas. It also, as expected, promoted BrafCA/Pten-/- metastasis. Treatment with antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine phenocopied loss of Klf9 including suppression of melanocytic hyperplasia. We were interested in a different role of Klf9 in regulation of cell proliferation in BrafCA and BrafCA/Pten-/- melanocytic cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that BRAFV600E signaling transcriptionally upregulated KLF9 and that KLF9-dependent ROS were required for full-scale activation of ERK1/2 and induction of cell proliferation by BRAFV600E. PTEN depletion in BRAFV600E-melanocytes did not further activate ERK1/2 and cell proliferation, but rendered these phenotypes insensitive to KLF9 and ROS. Our data identified an essential role of KLF9-dependent ROS in BRAFV600E signaling in premalignant melanocytes, offered an explanation to variable role of ROS in premalignant and transformed melanocytic cells and suggested a novel mechanism for suppression of premalignant growth by topical antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archis Bagati
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Smith Building, SM-0728, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sudha Moparthy
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Emily E Fink
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Dong Hyun Yun
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Masha Kolesnikova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Olga O Udartseva
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David W Wolff
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Matthew V Roll
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Brittany C Lipchick
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Zhannan Han
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA
| | | | - Peter Jowdy
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Albert E Berman
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Neil F Box
- Department of Dermatology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cesar Rodriguez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Department of Pathology Resource Network, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eugene S Kandel
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Maria S Soengas
- Melanoma Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mikhail A Nikiforov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, USA.
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41
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Alam MNU. Computational assessment of somatic and germline mutations of p16INK4a: Structural insights and implications in disease. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2019.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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42
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Privat-Maldonado A, Gorbanev Y, Dewilde S, Smits E, Bogaerts A. Reduction of Human Glioblastoma Spheroids Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma: The Combined Effect of Short- and Long-Lived Reactive Species. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E394. [PMID: 30360539 PMCID: PMC6266784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising technology against multiple types of cancer. However, the current findings on the effect of CAP on two-dimensional glioblastoma cultures do not consider the role of the tumour microenvironment. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of CAP to reduce and control glioblastoma spheroid tumours in vitro. Three-dimensional glioblastoma spheroid tumours (U87-Red, U251-Red) were consecutively treated directly and indirectly with a CAP using dry He, He + 5% H₂O or He + 20% H₂O. The cytotoxicity and spheroid shrinkage were monitored using live imaging. The reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were measured by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and colourimetry. Cell migration was also assessed. Our results demonstrate that consecutive CAP treatments (He + 20% H₂O) substantially shrank U87-Red spheroids and to a lesser degree, U251-Red spheroids. The cytotoxic effect was due to the short- and long-lived species delivered by CAP: they inhibited spheroid growth, reduced cell migration and decreased proliferation in CAP-treated spheroids. Direct treatments were more effective than indirect treatments, suggesting the importance of CAP-generated, short-lived species for the growth inhibition and cell cytotoxicity of solid glioblastoma tumours. We concluded that CAP treatment can effectively reduce glioblastoma tumour size and restrict cell migration, thus demonstrating the potential of CAP therapies for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Privat-Maldonado
- PLASMANT, Chemistry Department, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Solid Tumor Immunology Group, Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Yury Gorbanev
- PLASMANT, Chemistry Department, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Evelien Smits
- Solid Tumor Immunology Group, Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- PLASMANT, Chemistry Department, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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43
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Hernando B, Swope VB, Guard S, Starner RJ, Choi K, Anwar A, Cassidy P, Leachman S, Kadekaro AL, Bennett DC, Abdel-Malek ZA. In vitro behavior and UV response of melanocytes derived from carriers of CDKN2A mutations and MC1R variants. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2018; 32:259-268. [PMID: 30117292 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coinheritance of germline mutation in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) and loss-of-function (LOF) melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) variants is clinically associated with exaggerated risk for melanoma. To understand the combined impact of these mutations, we established and tested primary human melanocyte cultures from different CDKN2A mutation carriers, expressing either wild-type MC1R or MC1RLOF variant(s). These cultures expressed the CDKN2A product p16 (INK4A) and functional MC1R. Except for 32ins24 mutant melanocytes, the remaining cultures showed no detectable aberrations in proliferation or capacity for replicative senescence. Additionally, the latter cultures responded normally to ultraviolet radiation (UV) by cell cycle arrest, JNK, p38, and p53 activation, hydrogen peroxide generation, and repair of DNA photoproducts. We propose that malignant transformation of melanocytes expressing CDKN2A mutation and MC1RLOF allele(s) requires acquisition of somatic mutations facilitated by MC1R genotype or aberrant microenvironment due to CDKN2A mutation in keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hernando
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, Castellon, Spain
| | - Viki B Swope
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Steven Guard
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Renny J Starner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kevin Choi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ayesha Anwar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Pamela Cassidy
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sancy Leachman
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Dorothy C Bennett
- Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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44
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Bi S, Wang H, Kuang W. Stem cell rejuvenation and the role of autophagy in age retardation by caloric restriction: An update. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 175:46-54. [PMID: 30031008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells being pluripotent in nature can differentiate into a wide array of specific cells and asymmetrically divide to produce new ones but may undergo aging by themselves. Aging has both quantitative and qualitative effects on stem cells, and could eventually restrain them from replenishing into progenitor cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in the aging cells could not only block the cell cycle but also affect autophagy by damaging the mitochondria. Autophagy could eliminate redundant production of ROS in aging stem cells and helps to maintain the proliferation capacity by restraining the expression of p16INK4a. Current studies showed that improving autophagy could restore the regenerative ability of aging stem cells. Therefore, it is important for an organism to maintain the appropriate autophagy. Caloric restriction (CR) was shown to retard the stem cell aging by a certain basic level of autophagy, suggesting that CR was an effective way to extend longevity in mammals. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In this review, we tried to explore the molecular mechanisms on how CR induces appropriate autophagy to restore aging stem cell regenerative ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanrong Bi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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45
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Ding S, Hou X, Wang F, Wang G, Tan X, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Qiu H, Sun E, Jiang N, Li Z, Song J, Feng L, Jia X. Regulation of Eclipta prostrata L. components on cigarette smoking-induced autophagy of bronchial epithelial cells via keap1-Nrf2 pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:811-820. [PMID: 29726624 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking extract (CSE)-induced autophagic injury has been regarded as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. We previously found that Eclipta prostrata L. component (CCE) reduced CSE-induced bronchial epithelial cells damage. However, the mechanism remains unknown. Human normal bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) were exposed to CSE to establish stress model. Nrf2-siRNA and Keap1-siRNA transfection were performed. mRFP-GFP-LC3 dual fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the autophagic characteristics. CCE prevented CSE-induced Nrf2 transfer into cytoplasm and up-regulated Keap1 level of NHBE cells. Furthermore, CCE significantly increased p-p16, p-p21 and p-p53 phosphorylation levels in Nrf2-siRNA- or Keap1-siRNA-transfected cells. As demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and mRFP-GFP-LC3 dual fluorescence assays, CCE mitigated autophagic injury, and also down-regulated autophagy-related Beclin-1, LC3II/LC3I ratio, Atg5 and ATF4 levels. Our findings showed the attenuation of CCE on CSE-induced NHBE cells injury was associated with Nrf-2-mediated oxidative signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Tan
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Qiu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - E Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- Chinese Materia Medica Department, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Materia Medica Department, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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miR-200a Modulates the Expression of the DNA Repair Protein OGG1 Playing a Role in Aging of Primary Human Keratinocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9147326. [PMID: 29765508 PMCID: PMC5889889 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9147326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage accumulation may induce cellular senescence. Notably, senescent cells accumulate in aged tissues and are present at the sites of age-related pathologies. Although the signaling of DNA strand breaks has been extensively studied, the role of oxidative base lesions has not fully investigated in primary human keratinocyte aging. In this study, we show that primary human keratinocytes from elderly donors are characterized by a significant accumulation of the oxidative base lesion 8-OH-dG, impairment of oxidative DNA repair, and increase of miR-200a levels. Notably, OGG1-2a, a critical enzyme for 8-OH-dG repair, is a direct target of miR-200a and its expression levels significantly decrease in aged keratinocytes. The 8-OH-dG accumulation displays a significant linear relationship with the aging biomarker p16 expression during keratinocyte senescence. Interestingly, we found that miR-200a overexpression down-modulates its putative target Bmi-1, a well-known p16 repressor, and up-regulates p16 itself. miR-200a overexpression also up-regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β expression. Of note, primary keratinocytes from elderly donors are characterized by NRPL3 activation and IL-1β secretion. These findings point to miR-200a as key player in primary human keratinocyte aging since it is able to reduce oxidative DNA repair activity and may induce several senescence features through p16 and IL-1β up-regulation.
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Sample A, He YY. Mechanisms and prevention of UV-induced melanoma. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2018; 34:13-24. [PMID: 28703311 PMCID: PMC5760354 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and its incidence is rising, creating a costly and significant clinical problem. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, namely UVA (315-400 nm) and UVB (280-315 nm), is a major risk factor for melanoma development. Cumulative UV radiation exposure from sunlight or tanning beds contributes to UV-induced DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the skin. A number of factors, including hair color, skin type, genetic background, location, and history of tanning, determine the skin's response to UV radiation. In melanocytes, dysregulation of this UV radiation response can lead to melanoma. Given the complex origins of melanoma, it is difficult to develop curative therapies and universally effective preventative strategies. Here, we describe and discuss the mechanisms of UV-induced skin damage responsible for inducing melanomagenesis, and explore options for therapeutic and preventative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Sample
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yu-Ying He
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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48
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Knockdown of CMTM3 promotes metastasis of gastric cancer via the STAT3/Twist1/EMT signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 7:29507-19. [PMID: 27121055 PMCID: PMC5045413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CMTM3 (CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 3) possesses tumor suppressor properties in multiple types of malignancies. Restoration of CMTM3 significantly inhibits the metastasis of gastric cancer, and its expression level is correlated with prognosis. However, the physiological effects and the mechanism of CMTM3 remain unknown. Here, we suppress CMTM3 expression by shRNA to explore its endogenous effects and its mechanism of action in gastric cancer. Stable knockdown of CMTM3 promotes cell migration, invasion and tumor metastasis, increases MMP2 expression and enhances MMP2 activity. CMTM3 inhibits EMT along with the upregulation of E-cadherin and the downregulation of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Twist1. It has no obvious effects on Zeb1 and Snail. CMTM3 suppresses the phosphorylation of STAT3 but not Akt. More importantly, the EMT phenotype and cell migration induced by CMTM3 knockdown can be reversed by the Jak2/STAT3 inhibitor JSI-124 or by siRNA against STAT3 or Twist1. Overall, this study demonstrates that knockdown of CMTM3 promotes the metastasis of gastric cancer through the STAT3/Twist1/EMT pathway.
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Yzydorczyk C, Li N, Chehade H, Mosig D, Bidho M, Keshavjee B, Armengaud JB, Nardou K, Siddeek B, Benahmed M, Vergely C, Simeoni U. Transient postnatal overfeeding causes liver stress-induced premature senescence in adult mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12911. [PMID: 29018245 PMCID: PMC5635041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Unbalanced nutrition early in life is increasingly recognized as an important factor in the development of chronic, non-communicable diseases at adulthood, including metabolic diseases. We aimed to determine whether transient postnatal overfeeding (OF) leads to liver stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) of hepatocytes in association with liver structure and hepatic function alterations. Litters sizes of male C57BL/6 mice were adjusted to 9 pups (normal feeding, NF) or reduced to 3 pups during the lactation period to induce transient postnatal OF. Compared to the NF group, seven-month-old adult mice transiently overfed during the postnatal period were overweight and developed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Their livers showed microsteatosis and fibrosis, while hepatic insulin signaling and glucose transporter protein expressions were altered. Increased hepatic oxidative stress (OS) was observed, with increased superoxide anion production, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase protein expression, oxidative DNA damage and decreased levels of antioxidant defense markers, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase proteins. Hepatocyte senescence was characterized by increased p21WAF, p53, Acp53, p16INK4a and decreased pRb/Rb and Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) protein expression levels. Transient postnatal OF induces liver OS at adulthood, associated with hepatocyte SIPS and alterations in liver structure and hepatic functions, which could be mediated by a SIRT-1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Yzydorczyk
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Na Li
- Equipe: Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (AE 7460, PEC2), UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Hassib Chehade
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dolores Mosig
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickael Bidho
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Keshavjee
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Baptiste Armengaud
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katya Nardou
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benazir Siddeek
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Benahmed
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Equipe: Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (AE 7460, PEC2), UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Umberto Simeoni
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Loss of p16 INK4A stimulates aberrant mitochondrial biogenesis through a CDK4/Rb-independent pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:55848-55862. [PMID: 28915557 PMCID: PMC5593528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p16INK4A (p16) inhibits cell cycle progression through the CDK4/Rb pathway. We have previously shown that p16 regulates cellular oxidative stress, independent of its role in cell cycle control. We investigated whether loss of p16 had a direct impact on the mitochondria. We found that p16-null primary mouse fibroblasts (PMFs) displayed increased mitochondrial mass and expression of mitochondrial respiratory subunit proteins compared to wild-type (WT) PMFs. These findings in p16-null PMFs were associated with increased expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis transcription factors PRC and TFAM. On the other hand, p16-deficient PMFs demonstrated reduced mitochondrial respiration capacity consistent with electron microscopy findings showing that mitochondria in p16-deficient PMFs have abnormal morphology. Consistent with increased mitochondrial mass and reduced respiratory capacity, p16-deficient PMFs generated increased mitochondrial superoxide. One biological consequence of elevated ROS in p16-deficient PMFs was enhanced migration, which was reduced by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Finally, p16-deficient PMFs displayed increased mitochondrial membrane potential, which was also required for their enhanced migration. The mitochondrial and migration phenotype was restored in p16-deficient PMFs by forced expression of p16. Similarly, over-expression of p16 in human melanocytes and A375 melanoma cells led to decreased expression of some mitochondrial respiratory proteins, enhanced respiration, and decreased migration. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation in melanocytes and melanoma cells, either by addition of chemical CDK4 inhibitors or RNAi-mediated knockdown of CDK4, did not mimic the effects of p16 loss. These results suggest that p16 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and function, which is independent of the canonical CDK4/Rb pathway.
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