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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Czegle I, Gray AL, Wang M, Liu Y, Wang J, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. Mitochondria and Their Relationship with Common Genetic Abnormalities in Hematologic Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1351. [PMID: 34947882 PMCID: PMC8707674 DOI: 10.3390/life11121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are known to be associated with numerous cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes. In addition to morphology, immunophenotype, cytochemistry and clinical characteristics, these genetic alterations are typically required to diagnose myeloid, lymphoid, and plasma cell neoplasms. According to the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, numerous genetic changes are highlighted, often defining a distinct subtype of a disease, or providing prognostic information. This review highlights how these molecular changes can alter mitochondrial bioenergetics, cell death pathways, mitochondrial dynamics and potentially be related to mitochondrial genetic changes. A better understanding of these processes emphasizes potential novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Austin L. Gray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Minjing Wang
- Independent Researcher, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA;
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Edina A. Wappler-Guzzetta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
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Molvarec A, Czegle I, Szijártó J, Rigó J. Increased circulating interleukin-17 levels in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 112:53-7. [PMID: 26232149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that an exaggerated maternal systemic inflammatory response and an angiogenic imbalance might play a central role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. We determined circulating levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) along with those of angiogenic factors in healthy nonpregnant and pregnant women and preeclamptic patients, and examined whether serum IL-17 levels of preeclamptic patients were related to their clinical features and angiogenic factor concentrations. Fifty-nine preeclamptic patients, 60 healthy pregnant women and 56 healthy nonpregnant women were involved in this case-control study. Serum levels of IL-17A were measured using a high-sensitivity ELISA. Serum total soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and biologically active placental growth factor (PlGF) levels were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. For statistical analyses, nonparametric methods were applied. Serum IL-17 levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic patients than in healthy nonpregnant and pregnant women. We did not find any relationship between serum IL-17 concentrations of preeclamptic patients and their clinical features and serum sFlt-1 and PlGF levels or sFlt-1/PlGF ratios. However, elevated serum IL-17 level and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio were found to have an additive effect on the risk of preeclampsia, as shown by the substantially higher odds ratios of a combination of the two than of either alone. In conclusion, serum IL-17 levels are increased in preeclampsia, which may contribute to the development of the excessive systemic inflammatory response characteristic of the maternal syndrome of the disease. In addition, elevated serum IL-17 level and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio had an additive (joint) effect on the risk of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Molvarec
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ibolya Czegle
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Szijártó
- Central Laboratory, National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Czegle I, Csala M, Mandl J, Benedetti A, Karádi I, Bánhegyi G. G6PT-H6PDH-11βHSD1 triad in the liver and its implication in the pathomechanism of the metabolic syndrome. World J Hepatol 2012; 4:129-38. [PMID: 22567185 PMCID: PMC3345537 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i4.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome, one of the most common clinical conditions in recent times, represents a combination of cardiometabolic risk determinants, including central obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hypertension. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing worldwide as a consequence of common overnutrition and consequent obesity. Although a unifying picture of the pathomechanism is still missing, the key role of the pre-receptor glucocorticoid activation has emerged recently. Local glucocorticoid activation is catalyzed by a triad composed of glucose-6-phosphate-transporter, hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in the endoplasmic reticulum. The elements of this system can be found in various cell types, including adipocytes and hepatocytes. While the contribution of glucocorticoid activation in adipose tissue to the pathomechanism of the metabolic syndrome has been well established, the relative importance of the hepatic process is less understood. This review summarizes the available data on the role of the hepatic triad and its role in the metabolic syndrome, by confronting experimental findings with clinical observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Ibolya Czegle, István Karádi, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1125 Budapest, Hungary
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Czegle I, Margittai É, Senesi S, Benedetti A, Bánhegyi G. Different expression and distribution of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in obese and lean animal models of type 2 diabetes (Short communication). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 95:419-24. [DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.95.2008.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lizák B, Czegle I, Csala M, Benedetti A, Mandl J, Bánhegyi G. Translocon pores in the endoplasmic reticulum are permeable to small anions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2006; 291:C511-7. [PMID: 16611737 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00274.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Contribution of translocon peptide channels to the permeation of low molecular mass anions was investigated in rat liver microsomes. Puromycin, which purges translocon pores of nascent polypeptides, creating additional empty pores, raised the microsomal uptake of radiolabeled UDP-glucuronic acid, while it did not increase the uptake of glucose-6-phosphate or glutathione. The role of translocon pores in the transport of small anions was also investigated by measuring the effect of puromycin on the activity of microsomal enzymes with intraluminal active sites. The mannose-6-phosphatase activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and the activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase were elevated upon addition of puromycin, but glucose-6-phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities were not changed. The increase in enzyme activities was due to a better access of the substrates to the luminal compartment rather than to activation of the enzymes. Antibody against Sec61 translocon component decreased the activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and antagonized the effect of puromycin. Similarly, the addition of the puromycin antagonist anisomycin or treatments of microsomes, resulting in the release of attached ribosomes, prevented the puromycin-dependent increase in the activity. Mannose-6-phosphatase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities of smooth microsomal vesicles showed higher basal latencies that were not affected by puromycin. In conclusion, translationally inactive, ribosome-bound translocons allow small anions to cross the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This pathway can contribute to the nonspecific substrate supply of enzymes with intraluminal active centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Lizák
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, PO Box 260, 1444 Budapest, Hungary
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Czegle I, Piccirella S, Senesi S, Csala M, Mandl J, Bánhegyi G, Fulceri R, Benedetti A. Cooperativity between 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is based on a common pyridine nucleotide pool in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 248:24-5. [PMID: 16337333 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
11Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD1) is a NADP(H)-dependent oxidoreductase of the ER lumen, which may have an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Here, the functional coupling of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) was investigated in rat liver microsomal vesicles. The results demonstrate the existence of a separate intraluminal pyridine nucleotide pool in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum and a close cooperation between 11betaHSD1 and H6PDH based on their co-localization and the mutual generation of cofactors for each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- The Endoplasmic Reticulum Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1444 Budapest, Hungary
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Piccirella S, Czegle I, Lizák B, Margittai E, Senesi S, Papp E, Csala M, Fulceri R, Csermely P, Mandl J, Benedetti A, Bánhegyi G. Uncoupled redox systems in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Pyridine nucleotides stay reduced in an oxidative environment. J Biol Chem 2005; 281:4671-7. [PMID: 16373343 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m509406200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox state of the intraluminal pyridine nucleotide pool was investigated in rat liver microsomal vesicles. The vesicles showed cortisone reductase activity in the absence of added reductants, which was dependent on the integrity of the membrane. The intraluminal pyridine nucleotide pool could be oxidized by the addition of cortisone or metyrapone but not of glutathione. On the other hand, intraluminal pyridine nucleotides were slightly reduced by cortisol or glucose 6-phosphate, although glutathione was completely ineffective. Redox state of microsomal protein thiols/disulfides was not altered either by manipulations affecting the redox state of pyridine nucleotides or by the addition of NAD(P)+ or NAD(P)H. The uncoupling of the thiol/disulfide and NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H redox couples was not because of their subcompartmentation, because enzymes responsible for the intraluminal oxidoreduction of pyridine nucleotides were distributed equally in smooth and rough microsomal subfractions. Instead, the phenomenon can be explained by the negligible representation of glutathione reductase in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. The results demonstrated the separate existence of two redox systems in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, which explains the contemporary functioning of oxidative folding and of powerful reductive reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Piccirella
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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