1
|
Shen C, Fang M, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Chen J, Tang G. Causal effects of gut microbiota on risk of overactive bladder symptoms: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1459634. [PMID: 39247701 PMCID: PMC11380132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical observations indicate a correlation between the gut microbiota and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Nevertheless, the causal relationship and mechanisms between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms remain elusive. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to assess the association between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms, including urinary incontinence (UI). Data were obtained from the MiBioGen International Consortium genome-wide association studies (GWAS) dataset and the IEU GWAS database. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the primary approach in the MR analysis, with the weighted median, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods as supplementary approaches. Sensitivity analyses were employed to assess potential violations of the MR assumptions. Results Our analysis identified seven gut bacterial taxa with a causal relationship to OAB and nine gut bacterial taxa associated with UI. Genera Eubacteriumfissicatenumgroup, LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group, and Romboutsia were identified as protective factors against OAB, while genera Barnesiella, FamilyXIIIAD3011group, Odoribacter, and RuminococcaceaeUCG005 were associated with an increased risk of OAB. A higher abundance of the genus Coprococcus3, order Burkholderiales, and phylum Verrucomicrobia predicted a lower risk of UI. Conversely, the class Mollicutes, genus Ruminococcus gauvreauii group, order Mollicutes RF9, and phylum Firmicutes and Tenericutes were positively correlated with UI risk. The sensitivity analysis excluded the influence of potential heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusion This study revealed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms, providing new insights and a theoretical foundation to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with OAB symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Shen
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mengjie Fang
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhirong Zhu
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiajian Chen
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Guiliang Tang
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Babin CP, Catalano NT, Yancey DM, Pearl NZ, Koonce EM, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S, Cornett EM, Kaye AD. Update on Overactive Bladder Therapeutic Options. Am J Ther 2024; 31:e410-e419. [PMID: 37171410 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of Americans are burdened by overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and the psychogenic and economic hardships that accompany it. Several theories attempt to explain OAB as a neurogenic dysfunction, myogenic dysfunction, urothelial dysfunction, or decreased expression of a channel protein secondary to bladder outlet obstruction. Given that the etiology of OAB is a working theory, the management of OAB is also an evolving subject matter in medicine. There are uncertainties surrounding the pathophysiology of OAB, the strength of a clinical diagnosis, and accurate reporting because of the disease's stigma and decreased use of health care. DATA SOURCES This is a narrative review that used PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, and ScienceDirect to review literature on current and future OAB therapies. RESULTS Currently, first-line treatment for OAB is behavioral therapy that uses lifestyle modifications, bladder-control techniques, and psychotherapy. Second-line therapy includes antimuscarinic agents or beta 3 adrenergic agonists, and studies have shown that combination therapy with antimuscarinics and beta 3 adrenergic agonists provides even greater efficacy than monotherapy. Third-line therapies discussed include onabotulinumtoxinA, posterior tibial nerve stimulation, and sacral neuromodulation. OnabotulinumtoxinA has been FDA-approved as a nonpharmaceutical treatment option for refractory OAB with minimal side effects restricted to the urinary tract. Posterior tibial nerve modulation and sacral neuromodulation are successful in treating refractory OAB, but the costs and complication rates make them high-risk procedures. Therefore, surgical intervention should be a last resort. Estrogen therapy is effective in alleviating urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women, consistent with the association between estrogen deficiency and genitourinary syndrome. Potassium channel activators, voltage-gated calcium channel blockers, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors look to be promising options for the future of OAB management. As new therapies are developed, individuals with OAB can better personalize their treatment to maximize their quality of life and cost-effective care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline P Babin
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Nicole T Catalano
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - David M Yancey
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Nathan Z Pearl
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Eleanor M Koonce
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Shahab Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Elyse M Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahapatra C, Kumar R. Biophysical Mechanisms of Vaginal Smooth Muscle Contraction: The Role of the Membrane Potential and Ion Channels. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:225-243. [PMID: 38804298 PMCID: PMC11130850 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The vagina is an essential component of the female reproductive system and is responsible for providing female sexual satisfaction. Vaginal smooth muscle contraction plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including sexual arousal, childbirth, and urinary continence. In pathophysiological conditions, such as pelvic floor disorders, aberrations in vaginal smooth muscle function can lead to urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. A set of cellular and sub-cellular physiological mechanisms regulates the contractile properties of the vaginal smooth muscle cells. Calcium influx is a crucial determinant of smooth muscle contraction, facilitated through voltage-dependent calcium channels and calcium release from intracellular stores. Comprehensive reviews on smooth muscle biophysics are relatively scarce within the scientific literature, likely due to the complexity and specialized nature of the topic. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of alterations in the cellular physiology of vaginal smooth muscle contraction. The benefit associated with this particular approach is that conducting a comprehensive examination of the cellular mechanisms underlying contractile activation will enable the creation of more targeted therapeutic agents to control vaginal contraction disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitaranjan Mahapatra
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Paris Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, 91440 Saclay, France
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Salehiyeh S, Faiz AF, Manzourolhojeh M, Bagheri AM, Lorian K. The functions of hydrogen sulfide on the urogenital system of both males and females: from inception to the present. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03086-8. [PMID: 38689070 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is known as a chemical gas in nature with both enzymatic and non-enzymatic biosynthesis in different human organs. A couple of studies have demonstrated the function of H2S in regulating the homeostasis of the human body. Additionally, they have shown its synthesis, measurement, chemistry, protective effects, and interaction in various aspects of scientific evidence. Furthermore, many researches have demonstrated the beneficial impacts of H2S on genital organs and systems. According to various studies, it is recognized that H2S-producing enzymes and the endogenous production of H2S are expressed in male and female reproductive systems in different mammalian species. The main goal of this comprehensive review is to assess the potential therapeutic impacts of this gasotransmitter in the male and female urogenital system and find underlying mechanisms of this agent. This narrative review investigated the articles that were published from the 1970s to 2022. The review's primary focus is the impacts of H2S on the male and female urogenital system. Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, and Google scholar databases were searched. Keywords used in this review were "Hydrogen sulfide," "H2S," "urogenital system," and "urogenital tract". Numerous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic and protective effects of sodium hydrosulfide (Na-HS) as an H2S donor on male and female infertility disorders. Furthermore, it has been observed that H2S plays a significant role in improving different diseases such as ameliorating sperm parameters. The specific localization of H2S enzymes in the urogenital system provides an excellent opportunity to comprehend its function and role in various disorders related to this system. It is noteworthy that H2S has been demonstrated to be produced in endocrine organs and exhibit diverse activities. Moreover, it is important to recognize that alterations in H2S biosynthesis are closely linked to endocrine disorders. Therefore, hormones can be pivotal in regulating H2S production, and H2S synthesis pathways may aid in establishing novel therapeutic strategies. H2S possesses pharmacological effects on essential disorders, such as anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-oxidant activities, which render it a valuable therapeutic agent for human urogenital disease. Furthermore, this agent shows promise in ameliorating the detrimental effects of various male and female diseases. Despite the limited clinical research, studies have demonstrated that applying H2S as an anti-oxidant source could ameliorate adverse effects of different conditions in the urogenital system. More clinical studies are required to confirm the role of this component in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Salehiyeh
- Andrology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Faisal Faiz
- Department of Paraclinic, School of Medicine, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan
| | - Mohammad Manzourolhojeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Bagheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi university of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Keivan Lorian
- Andrology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Microhematuria in Women Presenting for Overactive Bladder. Curr Urol Rep 2023; 24:25-32. [PMID: 36445613 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-022-01128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Microscopic hematuria and overactive bladder are two common urologic conditions. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of current literature as well as highlight important guidelines that will aid physicians in the diagnostic workup of microscopic hematuria in patients experiencing symptoms of overactive bladder. RECENT FINDINGS Updated microscopic hematuria guidelines provide a structured and appropriate workup for women based on risk factors, which stratifies patients to prevent unnecessary procedures and imaging. Women presenting with microscopic hematuria in the setting of overactive bladder should undergo microscopic hematuria workup according to their risk stratification while receiving appropriate treatment for their overactive bladder. The physician should consider the presence of irritative voiding symptoms during the investigation and management of microscopic hematuria in patients with overactive bladder and should not delay overactive bladder treatment due to the presence of microscopic hematuria.
Collapse
|
6
|
Anraku T. Anoxia/reoxygenation enhances spontaneous contractile activity via TRPA1 channel and COX2 activation in isolated rat whole bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 2022; 41:1692-1702. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.25045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Anraku
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory 2, Watarase Research Center Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Tochigi Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Holmes-Martin K, Zhu M, Xiao S, Arab Hassani F. Advances in Assistive Electronic Device Solutions for Urology. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040551. [PMID: 35457855 PMCID: PMC9028141 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent technology advances have led urology to become one of the leading specialities to utilise novel electronic systems to manage urological ailments. Contemporary bladder management strategies such as urinary catheters can provide a solution but leave the user mentally and physically debilitated. The unique properties of modern electronic devices, i.e., flexibility, stretchability, and biocompatibility, have allowed a plethora of new technologies to emerge. Many novel electronic device solutions in urology have been developed for treating impaired bladder disorders. These disorders include overactive bladder (OAB), underactive bladder (UAB) and other-urinary-affecting disorders (OUAD). This paper reviews common causes and conservative treatment strategies for OAB, UAB and OUAD, discussing the challenges and drawbacks of such treatments. Subsequently, this paper gives insight into clinically approved and research-based electronic advances in urology. Advances in this area cover bladder-stimulation and -monitoring devices, robot-assistive surgery, and bladder and sphincter prosthesis. This study aims to introduce the latest advances in electronic solutions for urology, comparing their advantages and disadvantages, and concluding with open problems for future urological device solutions.
Collapse
|
9
|
Guzelsoy M, Gunes A, Coban S, Turkoglu AR, Onen E, Ocakoglu G, Karadag M. Frequency of overactive bladder (OAB) and the factors affecting it in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Urologia 2022; 90:58-67. [PMID: 35188003 DOI: 10.1177/03915603221078263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and the factors affecting it. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 255 patients were included in this prospectively designed study. Among all patients, 166 were male, 89 were female; 213 patients were married and 42 were single. All patients underwent polysomnography. All patients completed the OAB-V8 form. OSAS was diagnosed via polysomnography. OAB was diagnosed via OABV8. The participants were evaluated as patients with and without OAB and those with and without OSAS. SPSS for Windows version 18.0 software was used for the statistical analysis and the level of significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of OAB was high among the OSAS patients (66.3%, n = 136). Age, body mass index, waist circumference, marital status, oxygen desaturation index (ODI4) ⩾4%, apneahypopnea index (AHI), the number and duration of decreases in O2 saturation below 90%, wake after sleep onset (WASO) duration, and groups, and OSAS severity were different in the OAB group (p < 0.05). Duration and number of O2 saturation <90%, and ODI4 are higher in the OSAS group and OAB group (p < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, AHI, WASO, age, and marital status were the factors influencing OAB. CONCLUSION OAB is seen at a high rate in OSAS patients. Hypoxia is the main basis for both diseases and probably it is the common pathway. AHI, WASO, age, and marital status can provide valuable information to physicians for predicting OAB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Guzelsoy
- Department of Urology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Aygul Gunes
- Department of Neurology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Soner Coban
- Department of Urology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ali Riza Turkoglu
- Department of Urology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Efe Onen
- Department of Urology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ocakoglu
- Department of Biostatistics, Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karadag
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ławkowska K, Rosenbaum C, Petrasz P, Kluth L, Koper K, Drewa T, Pokrywczynska M, Adamowicz J. Tissue engineering in reconstructive urology-The current status and critical insights to set future directions-critical review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1040987. [PMID: 36950181 PMCID: PMC10026841 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1040987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced techniques of reconstructive urology are gradually reaching their limits in terms of their ability to restore urinary tract function and patients' quality of life. A tissue engineering-based approach to urinary tract reconstruction, utilizing cells and biomaterials, offers an opportunity to overcome current limitations. Although tissue engineering studies have been heralding the imminent introduction of this method into clinics for over a decade, tissue engineering is only marginally applied. In this review, we discuss the role of tissue engineering in reconstructive urology and try to answer the question of why such a promising technology has not proven its clinical usability so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ławkowska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Clemens Rosenbaum
- Department of Urology Asklepios Klinik Barmbek Germany, Urologist in Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Piotr Petrasz
- Department of Urology Voivodeship Hospital Gorzów Wielkopolski, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Luis Kluth
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Krzysztof Koper
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nursing, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Marta Pokrywczynska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | - Jan Adamowicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Ławkowska, ; Clemens Rosenbaum, ; Piotr Petrasz, ; Krzysztof Koper, ; Luis Kluth, ; Tomasz Drewa, ; Marta Pokrywczynska, ; Jan Adamowicz,
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scarneciu I, Lupu S, Bratu OG, Teodorescu A, Maxim LS, Brinza A, Laculiceanu AG, Rotaru RM, Lupu AM, Scarneciu CC. Overactive bladder: A review and update. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1444. [PMID: 34721686 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Overactive bladder syndrome is a chronic, disabling condition with physical, psychological and social consequences that significantly affects the quality of life of millions of patients worldwide. The economic impact of this disorder is crucial. Overactive bladder syndrome is a little-known condition, with different manifestations from patient to patient, which causes a great deal of frustration to the medical staff involved. The patient requires a clear explanation and the full support of the attending physician. It is extremely important to establish a correct diagnosis and an effective individualized treatment. The collaboration and understanding of these patients are extremely important aspects. Improving the quality of life in these patients is the main purpose in managing this condition. There are several treatment modalities that may be used progressively, with favorable albeit inconsistent results. This condition remains extremely challenging for specialists and, unfortunately, always one of maximum interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Scarneciu
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Sorin Lupu
- Clinic of Urology, Brasov Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 500326 Brasov, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu
- Clinical Department 3, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Teodorescu
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Laurian Stefan Maxim
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Adrian Brinza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Alexandru Georgian Laculiceanu
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Maria Rotaru
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Aura-Mihaela Lupu
- Department of Radiology, Brasov CF General Hospital, 500097 Brasov, Romania
| | - Camelia Cornelia Scarneciu
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, 'Transilvania' University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Appukuttan S, Brain KL, Manchanda R. Effect of Variations in Gap Junctional Coupling on the Frequency of Oscillatory Action Potentials in a Smooth Muscle Syncytium. Front Physiol 2021; 12:655225. [PMID: 34658901 PMCID: PMC8517141 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.655225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions provide pathways for intercellular communication between adjacent cells, allowing exchange of ions and small molecules. Based on the constituent protein subunits, gap junctions are classified into different subtypes varying in their properties such as unitary conductances, sensitivity to transjunctional voltage, and gating kinetics. Gap junctions couple cells electrically, and therefore the electrical activity originating in one cell can affect and modulate the electrical activity in adjacent cells. Action potentials can propagate through networks of such electrically coupled cells, and this spread is influenced by the nature of gap junctional coupling. Our study aims to computationally explore the effect of differences in gap junctional properties on oscillating action potentials in electrically coupled tissues. Further, we also explore variations in the biophysical environment by altering the size of the syncytium, the location of the pacemaking cell, as well as the occurrence of multiple pacemaking cells within the same syncytium. Our simulation results suggest that the frequency of oscillations is governed by the extent of coupling between cells and the gating kinetics of different gap junction subtypes. The location of pacemaking cells is found to alter the syncytial behavior, and when multiple oscillators are present, there exists an interplay between the oscillator frequency and their relative location within the syncytium. Such variations in the frequency of oscillations can have important implications for the physiological functioning of syncytial tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Appukuttan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Keith L. Brain
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rohit Manchanda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Drumm BT, Thornbury KD, Hollywood MA, Sergeant GP. Role of Ano1 Ca 2+-activated Cl - channels in generating urethral tone. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F525-F536. [PMID: 33554780 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00520.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary continence is maintained in the lower urinary tract by the contracture of urethral sphincters, including smooth muscle of the internal urethral sphincter. These contractions occlude the urethral lumen, preventing urine leakage from the bladder to the exterior. Over the past 20 years, research on the ionic conductances that contribute to urethral smooth muscle contractility has greatly accelerated. A debate has emerged over the role of interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC)-like cells in the urethra and their expression of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels encoded by anoctamin-1 [Ano1; transmembrane member 16 A (Tmem16a) gene]. It has been proposed that Ano1 channels expressed in urethral ICC serve as a source of depolarization for smooth muscle cells, increasing their excitability and contributing to tone. Although a clear role for Ano1 channels expressed in ICC is evident in other smooth muscle organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, the role of these channels in the urethra is unclear, owing to differences in the species (rabbit, rat, guinea pig, sheep, and mouse) examined and experimental approaches by different groups. The importance of clarifying this situation is evident as effective targeting of Ano1 channels may lead to new treatments for urinary incontinence. In this review, we summarize the key findings from different species on the role of ICC and Ano1 channels in urethral contractility. Finally, we outline proposals for clarifying this controversial and important topic by addressing how cell-specific optogenetic and inducible cell-specific genetic deletion strategies coupled with advances in Ano1 channel pharmacology may clarify this area in future studies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Studies from the rabbit have shown that anoctamin-1 (Ano1) channels expressed in urethral interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) serve as a source of depolarization for smooth muscle cells, increasing excitability and tone. However, the role of urethral Ano1 channels is unclear, owing to differences in the species examined and experimental approaches. We summarize findings from different species on the role of urethral ICC and Ano1 channels in urethral contractility and outline proposals for clarifying this topic using cell-specific optogenetic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard T Drumm
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Keith D Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Mark A Hollywood
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Gerard P Sergeant
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wróbel A, Serefko A, Szopa A, Poleszak E. Asiatic Acid, a Natural Compound that Exerts Beneficial Effects on the Cystometric and Biochemical Parameters in the Retinyl Acetate-Induced Model of Detrusor Overactivity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:574108. [PMID: 33584259 PMCID: PMC7878531 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.574108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientists have been constantly looking for new synthetic and natural compounds that could have beneficial effects in bladder overactivity. Our attention was drawn by asiatic acid that influences a number of molecules and signaling pathways relevant for the proper functioning of the urinary tracts in humans. In the present project we wanted to check whether asiatic acid would have positive effects in the confirmed animal model of detrusor overactivity (DO) and whether it would affect the bladder blood flow, urothelium thickness, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, neurotrophic and growth factors, and other parameters important for the activity of the urinary bladder. The outcomes of our study showed that a 14-day administration of asiatic acid (30 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage normalizes the cystometric parameters corresponding to DO and reduces the accompanying oxidative stress (measured by the levels of malondialdehyde-61,344 ± 24,908 pg/ml vs. 33,668 ± 5,071 pg/ml, 3-nitrotyrosine-64,615 ± 25,433 pg/ml vs. 6,563 ± 1,736 pg/ml, and NOS2-2,506 ± 411.7 vs. 3,824 ± 470.1 pg/ml). Moreover, it decreases the urinary secretion of neurotrophins (BDNF-304.4 ± 33.21 pg/ml vs. 119.3 ± 11.49 pg/ml and NGF-205.5 ± 18.50 vs. 109.7 ± 15.94 pg/ml) and prevents the changes in a range of biomarkers indicating the dysfunction of the urinary bladder, CGRP (421.1 ± 56.64 vs. 108.1 ± 11.73 pg/ml), E-Cadherin (773.5 ± 177.5 pg/ml vs. 1,560 ± 154.5 pg/ml), OCT3 (3,943 ± 814.6 vs. 1,018 ± 97.07 pg/ml), SNAP-23 (6,763 ± 808.9 pg/ml vs. 3,455 ± 554.5 pg/ml), SNAP-25 (2,038 ± 162.7 pg/ml vs. 833.3 ± 65.48), substance P (171.7 ± 16.86 pg/ml vs. 65.07 ± 8.250 pg/ml), SV2A (1,927 ± 175.3 pg/ml vs. 1,154 ± 254.9 pg/ml), tight junction protein 1 (360.1 ± 95.05 pg/ml vs. 563.4 ± 65.43 pg/ml), VAChT (16,470 ± 2,419 pg/ml vs. 7,072 ± 1,339 pg/ml), VEGFA (318.3 ± 37.89 pg/ml vs. 201.5 ± 22.91 pg/ml). The mentioned parameters are associated with smooth muscle contractions, urothelial barrier, transportation and release of transmitters, or bladder compensation. Thus, the presented findings allow to suggest a possible future role of asiatic acid in the prevention of conditions accompanied by DO, such as overactive bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Serefko
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The intracellular Ca 2+ release channel TRPML1 regulates lower urinary tract smooth muscle contractility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30775-30786. [PMID: 33199609 PMCID: PMC7720193 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016959117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a Ca2+-permeable, nonselective cation channel that is localized to late endosomes and lysosomes. Here, we investigated the function of TRPML1 channels in regulating lower urinary tract (LUT) smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractility. We found that TRPML1 forms a stable signaling complex with ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). We further showed that TRPML1 channels are important for initiating an essential Ca2+-signaling negative feedback mechanism between RyRs on SR membranes and K+ channels on the plasma membrane. Knockout of TRPML1 channels in mice impaired this pathway, resulting in LUT smooth muscle hypercontractility and symptoms of overactive bladder. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for TRPML1 in LUT function. TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a Ca2+-permeable, nonselective cation channel that is predominantly localized to the membranes of late endosomes and lysosomes (LELs). Intracellular release of Ca2+ through TRPML1 is thought to be pivotal for maintenance of intravesicular acidic pH as well as the maturation, fusion, and trafficking of LELs. Interestingly, genetic ablation of TRPML1 in mice (Mcoln1−/−) induces a hyperdistended/hypertrophic bladder phenotype. Here, we investigated this phenomenon further by exploring an unconventional role for TRPML1 channels in the regulation of Ca2+-signaling activity and contractility in bladder and urethral smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Four-dimensional (4D) lattice light-sheet live-cell imaging showed that the majority of LELs in freshly isolated bladder SMCs were essentially immobile. Superresolution microscopy revealed distinct nanoscale colocalization of LEL-expressing TRPML1 channels with ryanodine type 2 receptors (RyR2) in bladder SMCs. Spontaneous intracellular release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through RyR2 generates localized elevations of Ca2+ (“Ca2+ sparks”) that activate plasmalemmal large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels, a critical negative feedback mechanism that regulates smooth muscle contractility. This mechanism was impaired in Mcoln1−/− mice, which showed diminished spontaneous Ca2+ sparks and BK channel activity in bladder and urethra SMCs. Additionally, ex vivo contractility experiments showed that loss of Ca2+ spark–BK channel signaling in Mcoln1−/− mice rendered both bladder and urethra smooth muscle hypercontractile. Voiding activity analyses revealed bladder overactivity in Mcoln1−/− mice. We conclude that TRPML1 is critically important for Ca2+ spark signaling, and thus regulation of contractility and function, in lower urinary tract SMCs.
Collapse
|
16
|
Alterations in detrusor contractility in rat model of bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19651. [PMID: 33184390 PMCID: PMC7665011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary incontinence of idiopathic nature is a common complication of bladder cancer, yet, the mechanisms underlying changes in bladder contractility associated with cancer are not known. Here by using tensiometry on detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) strips from normal rats and rats with bladder cancer induced by known urothelial carcinogen, N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN), we show that bladder cancer is associated with considerable changes in DSM contractility. These changes include: (1) decrease in the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, consistent with the decline of luminal pressures during filling, and detrusor underactivity; (2) diminution of parasympathetic DSM stimulation mainly at the expense of m-cholinergic excitatory transmission, suggestive of difficulty in bladder emptying and weakening of urine stream; (3) strengthening of TRPV1-dependent afferent limb of micturition reflex and TRPV1-mediated local contractility, promoting urge incontinence; (4) attenuation of stretch-dependent, TRPV4-mediated spontaneous contractility leading to overflow incontinence. These changes are consistent with the symptomatic of bladder dysfunction in bladder cancer patients. Considering that BBN-induced urothelial lesions in rodents largely resemble human urothelial lesions at least in their morphology, our studies establish for the first time underlying reasons for bladder dysfunction in bladder cancer.
Collapse
|
17
|
Physiopathologie du syndrome clinique d’hyperactivité vésicale. Prog Urol 2020; 30:873-879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
18
|
Lim I, Mitsui R, Kameda M, Sellers DJ, Chess-Williams R, Hashitani H. Comparative effects of angiotensin II on the contractility of muscularis mucosae and detrusor in the pig urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 2020; 40:102-111. [PMID: 33074588 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To explore contractile actions of angiotensin II (ATII) on the muscularis mucosae (MM) of the bladder, ATII-induced contractions were compared between MM and the detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) of the pig bladder by isometric tension recordings. Effects of ATII on spontaneous Ca2+ transients in MM were visualized using Cal-520 fluorescence. ATII receptor type 1 (ATR1) expression in MM and DSM was also examined by immunohistochemistry. ATII (1 nM-1 μM) caused phasic contractions of MM in a concentration-dependent manner, while ATII (10 nM-10 μM) had no or marginal effects on DSM contractility. ATII (100 nM)-induced MM contractions had an amplitude of approximately 70% of carbachol (1 μM)-induced or 90% of U46619 (100 nM)-induced contractions. Candesartan (10 nM), an ATR1 blocker, prevented the contractile effects of ATII (1 nM) in MM, while ATR1 immunofluorescence was greater in MM than DSM. ATII (10-100 pM) increased the frequency but not the amplitude of spontaneous Ca2+ transients in MM. Both urothelium-intact and -denuded MM strips developed comparable spontaneous phasic contractions, but ATII, carbachol and U46619-induced contractions were significantly larger in urothelium-denuded than urothelium-intact MM strips. In conclusion, the MM appears to have a much greater sensitivity to ATII compared with DSM that could well sense circulating ATII, suggesting that MM may be the predominant target of contractile actions induced by ATII in the bladder while the urothelium appears to inhibit MM contractility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lim
- Center for Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Retsu Mitsui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Kameda
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Donna Jayne Sellers
- Center for Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Russ Chess-Williams
- Center for Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Malysz J, Petkov GV. Urinary bladder smooth muscle ion channels: expression, function, and regulation in health and disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F257-F283. [PMID: 32628539 PMCID: PMC7473901 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00048.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM), also known as detrusor smooth muscle, forms the bladder wall and ultimately determines the two main attributes of the organ: urine storage and voiding. The two functions are facilitated by UBSM relaxation and contraction, respectively, which depend on UBSM excitability shaped by multiple ion channels. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of key ion channels establishing and regulating UBSM excitability and contractility. They include excitation-enhancing voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav) and transient receptor potential channels, excitation-reducing K+ channels, and still poorly understood Cl- channels. Dynamic interplay among UBSM ion channels determines the overall level of Cav channel activity. The net Ca2+ influx via Cav channels increases global intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which subsequently triggers UBSM contractility. Here, for each ion channel type, we describe UBSM tissue/cell expression (mRNA and protein) profiles and their role in regulating excitability and contractility of UBSM in various animal species, including the mouse, rat, and guinea pig, and, most importantly, humans. The currently available data reveal certain interspecies differences, which complicate the translational value of published animal research results to humans. This review highlights recent developments, findings on genetic knockout models, pharmacological data, reports on UBSM ion channel dysfunction in animal bladder disease models, and the very limited human studies currently available. Among all gaps in present-day knowledge, the unknowns on expression and functional roles for ion channels determined directly in human UBSM tissues and cells under both normal and disease conditions remain key hurdles in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Malysz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Georgi V Petkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fatoyinbo HO, Brown RG, Simpson DJW, van Brunt B. Numerical Bifurcation Analysis of Pacemaker Dynamics in a Model of Smooth Muscle Cells. Bull Math Biol 2020; 82:95. [PMID: 32676881 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-020-00771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from experimental studies shows that oscillations due to electro-mechanical coupling can be generated spontaneously in smooth muscle cells. Such cellular dynamics are known as pacemaker dynamics. In this article, we address pacemaker dynamics associated with the interaction of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] fluxes in the cell membrane of a smooth muscle cell. First we reduce a pacemaker model to a two-dimensional system equivalent to the reduced Morris-Lecar model and then perform a detailed numerical bifurcation analysis of the reduced model. Existing bifurcation analyses of the Morris-Lecar model concentrate on external applied current, whereas we focus on parameters that model the response of the cell to changes in transmural pressure. We reveal a transition between Type I and Type II excitabilities with no external current required. We also compute a two-parameter bifurcation diagram and show how the transition is explained by the bifurcation structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H O Fatoyinbo
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - R G Brown
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - D J W Simpson
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - B van Brunt
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Malysz J, Rovner ES, Wake R, Petkov GV. Preparation and Utilization of Freshly Isolated Human Detrusor Smooth Muscle Cells for Characterization of 9-Phenanthrol-Sensitive Cation Currents. J Vis Exp 2020:10.3791/59884. [PMID: 32065126 PMCID: PMC7489995 DOI: 10.3791/59884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) cells present within the urinary bladder wall ultimately facilitate urine storage and voiding. Preparation of the viable, fresh, and isolated DSM cells presents an important technical challenge whose achievement provides optimal cells for subsequent functional and molecular studies. The method developed and elaborated herein, successfully used by our group for over a decade, describes dissection of human urinary bladder specimens obtained from open bladder surgeries followed by an enzymatic two-step treatment of DSM pieces and mechanical trituration to obtain freshly isolated DSM cells. The initial step involves dissection to separate the DSM layer (also known as muscularis propria) from mucosa (urothelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa) and the adjacent connective, vascular, and adipose tissues present. The DSM is then cut into pieces (2-3 mm x 4-6 mm) in nominal Ca2+-containing dissection/digestion solution (DS). DSM pieces are next transferred to and sequentially treated separately with DS containing papain and collagenase at ~37 °C for 30-45 min per step. Following washes with DS containing enzyme-free bovine serum and trituration with a fire-polished pipette, the pieces release single DSM cells. Freshly isolated DSM cells are ideally suited for patch-clamp electrophysiological and pharmacological characterizations of ion channels. Specifically, we show that the TRPM4 channel blocker 9-phenanthrol reduces voltage-step evoked cation currents recorded with the amphotericin-B perforated patch-clamp approach. DSM cells can also be studied by other techniques such as single cell RT-PCR, microarray analysis, immunocytochemistry, in situ proximity ligation assay, and Ca2+ imaging. The main advantage of utilizing single DSM cells is that the observations made relate directly to single cell characteristics revealed. Studies of freshly isolated human DSM cells have provided important insights characterizing the properties of various ion channels including cation-permeable in the urinary bladder and will continue as a gold standard in elucidating DSM cellular properties and regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Malysz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - Eric S Rovner
- Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Robert Wake
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - Georgi V Petkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rembetski BE, Sanders KM, Drumm BT. Contribution of Ca v1.2 Ca 2+ channels and store-operated Ca 2+ entry to pig urethral smooth muscle contraction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F496-F505. [PMID: 31904286 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00514.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Urethral smooth muscle (USM) generates tone to prevent urine leakage from the bladder during filling. USM tone has been thought to be a voltage-dependent process, relying on Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in USM cells, modulated by the activation of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels encoded by Ano1. However, recent findings in the mouse have suggested that USM tone is voltage independent, relying on Ca2+ influx through Orai channels via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We explored if this pathway also occurred in the pig using isometric tension recordings of USM tone. Pig USM strips generated myogenic tone, which was nearly abolished by the Cav1.2 channel antagonist nifedipine and the ATP-dependent K+ channel agonist pinacidil. Pig USM tone was reduced by the Orai channel blocker GSK-7975A. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) led to phentolamine-sensitive contractions of USM strips. Contractions of pig USM were also induced by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine-evoked and EFS-evoked contractions of pig USM were reduced by ~50-75% by nifedipine and ~30% by GSK-7975A. Inhibition of Ano1 channels had no effect on tone or EFS-evoked contractions of pig USM. In conclusion, unlike the mouse, pig USM exhibited voltage-dependent tone and agonist/EFS-evoked contractions. Whereas SOCE plays a role in generating tone and agonist/neural-evoked contractions in both species, this dominates in the mouse. Tone and agonist/EFS-evoked contractions of pig USM are the result of Ca2+ influx primarily through Cav1.2 channels, and no evidence was found supporting a role of Ano1 channels in modulating these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Rembetski
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno Nevada
| | - Kenton M Sanders
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno Nevada
| | - Bernard T Drumm
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno Nevada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Karakus S, Anele UA, Silva FH, Musicki B, Burnett AL. Urinary dysfunction in transgenic sickle cell mice: model of idiopathic overactive bladder syndrome. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F540-F546. [PMID: 31215803 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00140.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Voiding abnormalities are common among the sickle cell disease (SCD) population, among which overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is observed at rates as high as 39%. Although detrusor overactivity is the most common cause of OAB, its molecular pathophysiology is not well elucidated. The nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway has been implicated in the regulation of lower genitourinary tract function. In the present study, we evaluated the role of the NO signaling pathway in voiding function of transgenic SCD mice compared with combined endothelial and neuronal NO synthase gene-deficient mice, both serving as models of NO deficiency. Mice underwent void spot assay and cystometry, and bladder and urethral specimens were studied using in vitro tissue myography. Both mouse models exhibited increased void volumes; increased nonvoiding and voiding contraction frequencies; decreased bladder compliance; increased detrusor smooth muscle contraction responses to electrical field stimulation, KCl, and carbachol; and increased urethral smooth muscle relaxation responses to sodium nitroprusside compared with WT mice. In conclusion, our comprehensive behavioral and functional study of the SCD mouse lower genitourinary tract, in correlation with that of the NO-deficient mouse, reveals NO effector actions in voiding function and suggests that NO signaling derangements are associated with an OAB phenotype. These findings may allow further study of molecular targets for the characterization and evaluation of OAB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Karakus
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Uzoma A Anele
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Fábio H Silva
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Biljana Musicki
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arthur L Burnett
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mitsui R, Lee K, Uchiyama A, Hayakawa S, Kinoshita F, Kajioka S, Eto M, Hashitani H. Contractile elements and their sympathetic regulations in the pig urinary bladder: a species and regional comparative study. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 379:373-387. [PMID: 31446446 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Contractile behaviour of the urinary bladder and its sympathetic inhibition during storage phases are not well understood. Here, we explore muscularis mucosae (MM) as a predominant mucosal contractile element and the capability of sympathetic nerves to relax detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) or MM. Distribution of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-immunoreactive cells was compared in pig, human, guinea pig, rat and mouse bladders by immunohistochemistry, while contractility of the bladder mucosa was compared in these species by isometric tension recordings. In pig, human and guinea pig bladders, DSM and MM located in the lamina propria expressed α-SMA immunoreactivity, while both rat and mouse bladders lacked a MM. Consistent with this presence or absence of MM, bladder mucosa of pig, human and guinea pig but not rat and mouse developed spontaneous phasic contractions (SPCs). Distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive sympathetic nerve fibres was compared in pig DSM, MM, trigone and urethra, as were their sympathetic nerve-evoked contractile/relaxing responses examined. In pig DSM or MM, where TH-immunoreactive sympathetic fibres exclusively projected to the vasculature, sympathetic relaxations were difficult to demonstrate. In contrast, sympathetic contractions were invariably evoked in pig trigone and urethra where the smooth muscle cells receive TH-immunoreactive sympathetic innervations. Thus, SPCs of bladder mucosa appear to predominantly arise from the MM displaying species differences. Despite the currently accepted concept of sympathetic nerve-mediated DSM relaxation during the storage phase, it is unlikely that neurally released noradrenaline acts on β-adrenoceptors to relax either DSM or MM due to the anatomical lack of sympathetic innervation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Retsu Mitsui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Ken Lee
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Aoi Uchiyama
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shunta Hayakawa
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Fumio Kinoshita
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- Department of Applied Urology and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Management of Overactive Bladder in the Young Man. CURRENT BLADDER DYSFUNCTION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-019-00528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
26
|
Time-Dependent Changes of Urethral Function in Diabetes Mellitus: A Review. Int Neurourol J 2019; 23:91-99. [PMID: 31260608 PMCID: PMC6606940 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1938050.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviewed the current knowledge on time-course manifestation of diabetic urethral dysfunction (DUD), and explored an early intervention target to prevent the contribution of DUD to the progression of diabetes-induced impairment of the lower urinary tract (LUT). In the literature search through PubMed, key words used included “diabetes mellitus,” “diabetic urethral dysfunction,” and “diabetic urethropathy.” Polyuria and hyperglycemia induced by diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause the time-dependent changes in functional and morphological manifestations of DUD. In the early stage, it promotes urethral dysfunction characterized by increased urethral pressure during micturition. However, the detrusor muscle of the bladder tries to compensate for inducing complete voiding by increasing the duration and amplitude of bladder contractions. As the disease progresses, it can induce an impairment of coordinated micturition due to dyssynergic activity of external urethra sphincter, leading to detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. The impairment of relaxation mechanisms of urethral smooth muscles (USMs) may additionally be attributable to decreased responsiveness to nitric oxide, as well as increased USM responsiveness to α1-adrenergic receptor stimulation. In the late stage, diabetic neuropathy may play an important role in inducing LUT dysfunction, showing that the decompensation of the bladder and urethra, which can cause the decrease of voiding efficiency and the reduced thickness of the urothelium and the atrophy of striated muscle bundles, possibly leading to the vicious cycle of the LUT dysfunction. Further studies to increase our understandings of the functional and molecular mechanisms of DUD are warranted to explore potential targets for therapeutic intervention of DM-induced LUT dysfunction.
Collapse
|
27
|
Feng M, Wang Z, Liu Z, Liu D, Zheng K, Lu P, Liu C, Zhang M, Li J. The RyR–Cl
Ca
–VDCC axis contributes to spontaneous tone in urethral smooth muscle. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23256-23267. [PMID: 31161632 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Feng
- Central Laboratory Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts
- Central Laboratory Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Operating Room Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Urology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Donghai Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts
| | - Kaizhi Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Min Zhang
- Arts and Science Department University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Swavely NR, Speich JE, Stothers L, Klausner AP. New Diagnostics for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. CURRENT BLADDER DYSFUNCTION REPORTS 2019; 14:90-97. [PMID: 31938079 PMCID: PMC6959483 DOI: 10.1007/s11884-019-00511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is a common constellation of symptoms that affect the aging male population with an astonishing prevalence. New technology and new uses of established technology are being used to help further evaluate LUTS in the male population and help guide treatment options. This review focuses on the developments and future directions in diagnostic modalities for evaluation of male LUTS, focusing on evaluation of both the filling and voiding phases of micturition. RECENT FINDINGS New techniques in evaluating the voiding phase include penile cuff test, external pressure sensing condom catheter, ultrasound measurement of detrusor wall thickness, ultrasound measurement of intravesical prostatic protrusion, doppler ultrasound and NIRS technology. Evaluation of the filling phase is still undergoing much development and requires additional validation studies. The techniques undergoing evaluation include sensation meters during UDS, assessing bladder micromotion and wall rhythm, assessing detrusor wall biomechanics, ultrasound measurement of detrusor wall thickness, pelvic doppler ultrasound, as well as functional brain imaging including fNIRS and fMRI. SUMMARY The development of novel, non-invasive, diagnostic tools have the potential for better evaluation of LUTS with earlier and enhanced treatments. This will likely improve the quality of life for men with LUTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Swavely
- Department of Surgery/Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - John E Speich
- Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University College of Engineering, Richmond, VA
| | - Lynn Stothers
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adam P Klausner
- Department of Surgery/Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gupta S, Manchanda R. A computational model of large conductance voltage and calcium activated potassium channels: implications for calcium dynamics and electrophysiology in detrusor smooth muscle cells. J Comput Neurosci 2019; 46:233-256. [PMID: 31025235 DOI: 10.1007/s10827-019-00713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The large conductance voltage and calcium activated potassium (BK) channels play a crucial role in regulating the excitability of detrusor smooth muscle, which lines the wall of the urinary bladder. These channels have been widely characterized in terms of their molecular structure, pharmacology and electrophysiology. They control the repolarising and hyperpolarising phases of the action potential, thereby regulating the firing frequency and contraction profiles of the smooth muscle. Several groups have reported varied profiles of BK currents and I-V curves under similar experimental conditions. However, no single computational model has been able to reconcile these apparent discrepancies. In view of the channels' physiological importance, it is imperative to understand their mechanistic underpinnings so that a realistic model can be created. This paper presents a computational model of the BK channel, based on the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism, constructed by utilising three activation processes - membrane potential, calcium inflow from voltage-gated calcium channels on the membrane and calcium released from the ryanodine receptors present on the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In our model, we attribute the discrepant profiles to the underlying cytosolic calcium received by the channel during its activation. The model enables us to make heuristic predictions regarding the nature of the sub-membrane calcium dynamics underlying the BK channel's activation. We have employed the model to reproduce various physiological characteristics of the channel and found the simulated responses to be in accordance with the experimental findings. Additionally, we have used the model to investigate the role of this channel in electrophysiological signals, such as the action potential and spontaneous transient hyperpolarisations. Furthermore, the clinical effects of BK channel openers, mallotoxin and NS19504, were simulated for the detrusor smooth muscle cells. Our findings support the proposed application of these drugs for amelioration of the condition of overactive bladder. We thus propose a physiologically realistic BK channel model which can be integrated with other biophysical mechanisms such as ion channels, pumps and exchangers to further elucidate its micro-domain interaction with the intracellular calcium environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suranjana Gupta
- Computational NeuroPhysiology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rohit Manchanda
- Computational NeuroPhysiology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hulls CM, Lentle RG, King QM, Chambers JP, Reynolds GW. Pharmacological modulation of the spatiotemporal disposition of micromotions in the intact resting urinary bladder of the rabbit; their pattern is under both myogenic and autonomic control. BJU Int 2019; 123 Suppl 5:54-64. [PMID: 31017744 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore and characterize the disposition and dynamics of micromotions in the wall of the intact resting teradotoxinized urinary bladder of the rabbit before and after the administration of adrenergic and cholinergic pharmaceutical agents. METHODS Spatiotemporal maps and related intravesical pressure were used to analyse propagating patches of contractions (PPCs) and their component individual myogenic contractions [propagating individual contractions (PICs)] in the wall of the tetradotoxinized urinary bladder. RESULTS The bladder wall exhibited two contractile states that were of similar frequencies to those of the two types of electrophysiological discharge described in previous studies; the first, in which cyclic PPCs predominated, the second in which small irregular PICs predominated. The addition of carbachol increased the size, frequency, speed and distance of propagation of PPCs, whereas the addition of isoprenaline temporarily halted the incorporation of PICs into PPCs, and reduced patch size and total area undergoing contraction. The RhoA kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 reduced both largest patch index and mean patch size. Both carbenoxolone and ROCK inhibition decreased the duration of PPCs. Carbenoxolone also prolonged duration and accelerated PPC propagation velocity. The authors postulate that these differences arise from differing effects of these agents on myocytes and interstitial cells within the stress environment of the bladder, influencing the development, coordination and propagation of PPCs. CONCLUSIONS The timings and structure of spontaneous micromotions in the wall of the isolated bladder change when it is treated with sympathetic/parasympathetic agonists and with myogenically active agents. Correspondingly, disorders of bladder wall contraction may result from disorders of either neurogenic or myogenic signalling and may be amenable to treatment with combinations of agents that influence both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corrin Murray Hulls
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Roger Graham Lentle
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - John Paul Chambers
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sergeant GP, Hollywood MA, Thornbury KD. Spontaneous Activity in Urethral Smooth Muscle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1124:149-167. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-5895-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
32
|
Sengupta N, Keith Brain L, Manchanda R. Cellular Environment in a Bundle Modulates SEJP Characteristics in Detrusor Smooth Muscle. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2018:5842-5845. [PMID: 30441664 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle that ensheathes the urinary bladder wall is known as the detrusor. The detrusor has a bundled syncytial architecture where groups of electrically coupled cells form discrete bundles. Electrical activity recorded from detrusor cells is varied. Among the electrical signals recorded from the detrusor, spontaneous excitatory junction potentials (SEJPs) are events that are sub-threshold for spike generation. SEJPs are caused by spontaneous random release of neurotransmitter molecules from varicosities of innervating nerves. SEJPs recorded from different cells of the detrusor vary in amplitude and/or kinetics, and the reasons for variability are obscure. Our hypothesis was that variety in SEJP characteristics may be attributed to the biophysical micro-environment of a cell (in a bundle), where it arises. With the help of computational models, we show how cellular environment factor, such as size of a bundle significantly alters the amplitude as well as kinetics of SEJPs. These findings are congruent with experimental observations. Our results also suggest that characteristically different SEJPs may be observed in identical detrusor cells, with the difference arising from their neighbourhood rather than the inherent nature of the cells. Consequently, SEJP characteristics might be indicative of the cellular environment of electrophysiological recording.
Collapse
|
33
|
Appukuttan S, Padmakumar M, Young JS, Brain KL, Manchanda R. Investigation of the Syncytial Nature of Detrusor Smooth Muscle as a Determinant of Action Potential Shape. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1300. [PMID: 30294280 PMCID: PMC6158746 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike most excitable cells, certain syncytial smooth muscle cells are known to exhibit spontaneous action potentials of varying shapes and sizes. These differences in shape are observed even in electrophysiological recordings obtained from a single cell. The origin and physiological relevance of this phenomenon are currently unclear. The study presented here aims to test the hypothesis that the syncytial nature of the detrusor smooth muscle tissue contributes to the variations in the action potential profile by influencing the superposition of the passive and active signals. Data extracted from experimental recordings have been compared with those obtained through simulations. The feature correlation studies on action potentials obtained from the experimental recordings suggest the underlying presence of passive signals, called spontaneous excitatory junction potentials (sEJPs). Through simulations, we are able to demonstrate that the syncytial organization of the cells, and the variable superposition of the sEJPs with the "native action potential", contribute to the diversity in the action potential profiles exhibited. It could also be inferred that the fraction of the propagated action potentials is very low in the detrusor. It is proposed that objective measurements of spontaneous action potential profiles can lead to a better understanding of bladder physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Appukuttan
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Mithun Padmakumar
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - John S Young
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Keith L Brain
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Christ Church, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rohit Manchanda
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mahapatra C, Brain KL, Manchanda R. A biophysically constrained computational model of the action potential of mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200712. [PMID: 30048468 PMCID: PMC6061979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary incontinence is associated with enhanced spontaneous phasic contractions of the detrusor smooth muscle (DSM). Although a complete understanding of the etiology of these spontaneous contractions is not yet established, it is suggested that the spontaneously evoked action potentials (sAPs) in DSM cells initiate and modulate the contractions. In order to further our understanding of the ionic mechanisms underlying sAP generation, we present here a biophysically detailed computational model of a single DSM cell. First, we constructed mathematical models for nine ion channels found in DSM cells based on published experimental data: two voltage gated Ca2+ ion channels, an hyperpolarization-activated ion channel, two voltage-gated K+ ion channels, three Ca2+-activated K+ ion channels and a non-specific background leak ion channel. The ion channels' kinetics were characterized in terms of maximal conductances and differential equations based on voltage or calcium-dependent activation and inactivation. All ion channel models were validated by comparing the simulated currents and current-voltage relations with those reported in experimental work. Incorporating these channels, our DSM model is capable of reproducing experimentally recorded spike-type sAPs of varying configurations, ranging from sAPs displaying after-hyperpolarizations to sAPs displaying after-depolarizations. The contributions of the principal ion channels to spike generation and configuration were also investigated as a means of mimicking the effects of selected pharmacological agents on DSM cell excitability. Additionally, the features of propagation of an AP along a length of electrically continuous smooth muscle tissue were investigated. To date, a biophysically detailed computational model does not exist for DSM cells. Our model, constrained heavily by physiological data, provides a powerful tool to investigate the ionic mechanisms underlying the genesis of DSM electrical activity, which can further shed light on certain aspects of urinary bladder function and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitaranjan Mahapatra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Keith L. Brain
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Rohit Manchanda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Drumm BT, Rembetski BE, Cobine CA, Baker SA, Sergeant GP, Hollywood MA, Thornbury KD, Sanders KM. Ca 2+ signalling in mouse urethral smooth muscle in situ: role of Ca 2+ stores and Ca 2+ influx mechanisms. J Physiol 2018; 596:1433-1466. [PMID: 29383731 PMCID: PMC5899989 DOI: 10.1113/jp275719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Contraction of urethral smooth muscle cells (USMCs) contributes to urinary continence. Ca2+ signalling in USMCs was investigated in intact urethral muscles using a genetically encoded Ca2+ sensor, GCaMP3, expressed selectively in USMCs. USMCs were spontaneously active in situ, firing intracellular Ca2+ waves that were asynchronous at different sites within cells and between adjacent cells. Spontaneous Ca2+ waves in USMCs were myogenic but enhanced by adrenergic or purinergic agonists and decreased by nitric oxide. Ca2+ waves arose from inositol trisphosphate type 1 receptors and ryanodine receptors, and Ca2+ influx by store-operated calcium entry was required to maintain Ca2+ release events. Ca2+ release and development of Ca2+ waves appear to be the primary source of Ca2+ for excitation-contraction coupling in the mouse urethra, and no evidence was found that voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry via L-type or T-type channels was required for responses to α adrenergic responses. ABSTRACT Urethral smooth muscle cells (USMCs) generate myogenic tone and contribute to urinary continence. Currently, little is known about Ca2+ signalling in USMCs in situ, and therefore little is known about the source(s) of Ca2+ required for excitation-contraction coupling. We characterized Ca2+ signalling in USMCs within intact urethral muscles using a genetically encoded Ca2+ sensor, GCaMP3, expressed selectively in USMCs. USMCs fired spontaneous intracellular Ca2+ waves that did not propagate cell-to-cell across muscle bundles. Ca2+ waves increased dramatically in response to the α1 adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (10 μm) and to ATP (10 μm). Ca2+ waves were inhibited by the nitric oxide donor DEA NONOate (10 μm). Ca2+ influx and release from sarcoplasmic reticulum stores contributed to Ca2+ waves, as Ca2+ free bathing solution and blocking the sarcoplasmic Ca2+ -ATPase abolished activity. Intracellular Ca2+ release involved cooperation between ryanadine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors, as tetracaine and ryanodine (100 μm) and xestospongin C (1 μm) reduced Ca2+ waves. Ca2+ waves were insensitive to L-type Ca2+ channel modulators nifedipine (1 μm), nicardipine (1 μm), isradipine (1 μm) and FPL 64176 (1 μm), and were unaffected by the T-type Ca2+ channel antagonists NNC-550396 (1 μm) and TTA-A2 (1 μm). Ca2+ waves were reduced by the store operated Ca2+ entry blocker SKF 96365 (10 μm) and by an Orai antagonist, GSK-7975A (1 μm). The latter also reduced urethral contractions induced by phenylephrine, suggesting that Orai can function effectively as a receptor-operated channel. In conclusion, Ca2+ waves in mouse USMCs are a source of Ca2+ for excitation-contraction coupling in urethral muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard T. Drumm
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno School of MedicineRenoNV89557USA
| | - Benjamin E. Rembetski
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno School of MedicineRenoNV89557USA
| | - Caroline A. Cobine
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno School of MedicineRenoNV89557USA
| | - Salah A. Baker
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno School of MedicineRenoNV89557USA
| | - Gerard P. Sergeant
- Smooth Muscle Research CentreDundalk Institute of TechnologyCo. LouthDundalkRepublic of Ireland
| | - Mark A. Hollywood
- Smooth Muscle Research CentreDundalk Institute of TechnologyCo. LouthDundalkRepublic of Ireland
| | - Keith D. Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research CentreDundalk Institute of TechnologyCo. LouthDundalkRepublic of Ireland
| | - Kenton M. Sanders
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno School of MedicineRenoNV89557USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kazaryan KV, Danielyan MA, Chibukhchyan RG, Margaryan SG. Histamine-Mediated Regulation of Electrical Activity during the Bladder–Urethra Interaction in Rats. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093018010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
37
|
Leron E, Weintraub AY, Mastrolia SA, Schwarzman P. Overactive Bladder Syndrome: Evaluation and Management. Curr Urol 2018; 11:117-125. [PMID: 29692690 DOI: 10.1159/000447205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a chronic medical condition which has a major influence on the quality of life in a significant amount of the population. OAB affects performance of daily activities and has an estimated prevalence of 16.5%. Many sufferers do not seek medical help. Moreover, many family physicians and even gynecologists are not familiar with this issue. Usually patients suffer from OAB in advanced age. Nocturia is reported as the most bothersome symptom in the elderly population. The aim of our review was to discuss all aspects of this challenging disorder and suggest tools for assessment and management strategies. Practitioners can easily overlook urinary complains if they not directly queried. We would like to encourage practitioners to give more attention to this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elad Leron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Adi Y Weintraub
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Salvatore A Mastrolia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Polina Schwarzman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Regulation of Spontaneous Contractions in Intact Rat Bladder Strips and the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2925985. [PMID: 29511675 PMCID: PMC5817331 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2925985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced spontaneous contractions are associated with overactive bladder. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species might contribute to enhanced spontaneous contractions. We investigated the regulation of spontaneous contractions and the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in intact rat bladder strips. The spontaneous contractions were measured using a tissue bath system. The vehicle or the specific activators/blockers were applied and followed by the application of 0.003 g% H2O2. The basal tension, amplitude, and frequency of spontaneous contractions were quantified. Nisoldipine and bisindolylmaleimide 1 had no effects on spontaneous contractions. SKF96365 and Y27632 decreased basal tension and amplitude. Ryanodine slightly increased frequency. Both iberiotoxin and NS-1619 increased amplitude. Apamin reduced frequency but increased amplitude. NS-309 inhibited both the amplitude and frequency. The basal tension and amplitude increased when H2O2 was applied. Pretreatment with NS-309 inhibited H2O2-elicited augmented amplitude and frequency, while pretreatment with Y-27632 inhibited the augmented basal tension. The combined application of NS-309 and Y27632 almost eliminated spontaneous contractions and its augmentation induced by H2O2. In conclusion, Ca2+ influx, Rho kinase activation, and SK channel inactivation play important roles in spontaneous contractions in intact bladder strips, whereas only latter two mechanisms may be involved in H2O2-elicited increased spontaneous contractions.
Collapse
|
39
|
Development of contractile properties in the fetal porcine urinary bladder. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:148-155. [PMID: 28976496 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIn early fetal life, the bladder is merely a conduit allowing urine to pass through freely into the amniotic cavity. As the striated external urethral sphincter evolves, the bladder acquires its reservoir and voiding functions. We characterized the myogenic and neurogenic contractions of the normal fetal porcine bladder from midterm until close to full-term gestation.MethodsContractile responses were measured in vitro using bladder strips from fetuses at 60 (N=23) and 100 days (N=21) of gestation. Spontaneous activity, and the responses to potassium chloride (KCl) solution, electrical field stimulation (EFS), and receptor activation were recorded. The smooth muscle content was evaluated histologically.ResultsHistological studies revealed that the fractional content of smooth muscle doubled between the two time points, and passive tension was adjusted to take that into account. Spontaneous activity was regular at 60 days, changing toward an irregular pattern at 100 days. Contractile force elicited by KCl and carbachol increased significantly with gestational age, while contractions to the purinergic agonist, α-β-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate did not. The responses to EFS were almost completely blocked by atropine.ConclusionSpontaneous myogenic contractions become irregular and contractile responses to muscarinic receptor stimulation increase during gestation, as the bladder reservoir and voiding functions develop.
Collapse
|
40
|
Kazaryan KV, Chibukhchyan RG, Margaryan SG. Characterization of spontaneous electrical activity of the urinary tract: Ureter, bladder, urethra. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209301704007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
41
|
Takeya M, Hashitani H, Hayashi T, Higashi R, Nakamura KI, Takano M. Role of mucosa in generating spontaneous activity in the guinea pig seminal vesicle. J Physiol 2017; 595:4803-4821. [PMID: 28421606 DOI: 10.1113/jp273872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The mucosa may have neuron-like functions as urinary bladder mucosa releases bioactive substances that modulate sensory nerve activity as well as detrusor muscle contractility. However, such mucosal function in other visceral organs remains to be established. The role of mucosa in generating spontaneous contractions in seminal vesicles (SVs), a paired organ in the male reproductive tract, was investigated. The intact mucosa is essential for the generation of spontaneous phasic contractions of SV smooth muscle arising from electrical slow waves and corresponding increases in intracellular Ca2+ . These spontaneous events primarily depend on Ca2+ handling by sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores. A population of mucosal cells developed spontaneous rises in intracellular Ca2+ relying on sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling. The spontaneously active cells in the SV mucosa appear to drive spontaneous activity in smooth muscle either by sending depolarizing signals and/or by releasing humoral substances. ABSTRACT The role of the mucosa in generating the spontaneous activity of guinea-pig seminal vesicle (SV) was explored. Changes in contractility, membrane potential and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of SV smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were recorded using isometric tension recording, intracellular microelectrode recording and epi-fluorescence Ca2+ imaging, respectively. Mucosa-intact but not mucosa-denuded SV preparations generated TTX- (1 μm) resistant spontaneous phasic contractions that were abolished by nifedipine (3 μm). Consistently, SMCs developed mucosa-dependent slow waves (SWs) that triggered action potentials and corresponding Ca2+ flashes. Nifedipine (10 μm) abolished the action potentials and spontaneous contractions, while suppressing the SWs and Ca2+ flashes. Both the residual SWs and spontaneous Ca2+ transients were abolished by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, 10 μm), a sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor. DIDS (300 μm) and niflumic acid (100 μm), blockers for Ca2+ -activated Cl- channels (CACCs), or low Cl- solution also slowed or prevented the generation of SWs. In SV mucosal preparations detached from the muscle layer, a population of mucosal cells generated spontaneous Ca2+ transients that were blocked by CPA but not nifedipine. These results suggested that spontaneous contractions and corresponding Ca2+ flashes in SV SMCs arise from action potential generation due to the opening of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Spontaneous Ca2+ transients appear to primarily result from Ca2+ release from sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores to activate CACCs to develop SWs. The mucosal cells firing spontaneous Ca2+ transients may play a critical role in driving spontaneous activity of SV smooth muscle either by sending depolarizing signals or by releasing humoral substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsue Takeya
- Division of Integrated Autonomic Function, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tokumasa Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Higashi
- Electron Microscopic Laboratory, Central Research Unit of Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Nakamura
- Division of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Makoto Takano
- Division of Integrated Autonomic Function, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hulls CM, Lentle RG, King QM, Reynolds GW, Chambers JP. Spatiotemporal analysis of spontaneous myogenic contractions in the urinary bladder of the rabbit: timing and patterns reflect reported electrophysiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F687-F698. [PMID: 28539334 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00156.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of propagating myogenic contractions in the wall of the resting ex vivo urinary bladder of the rabbit were characterized by spatiotemporal maps and related to cyclic variation in intravesical pressure (Pves). Patches of propagating contractions (PPCs) enlarged and involuted in near synchrony with peaks in Pves [mean 3.85 ± 0.3 cycles per minute (cpm)] and were preceded by regions of stretch. The maximum area of the bladder undergoing contraction (55.28 ± 2.65%) and the sizes of individual PPCs (42.61 ± 1.65 mm2) coincided with the peak in Pves PPCs originated and propagated within temporary patch domains (TPDs) and comprised groups of nearly synchronous cyclic propagating individual contractions (PICs). The TPDs were located principally along the vertical axis of the anterior surface of the bladder. The sites of origin of PICs within PPCs were inconsistent, consecutive contractions often propagating in opposite directions along linear maps of strain rate. Similar patterns of movement occurred in areas of the anterior bladder wall that had been stripped of mucosa. Pves varied cyclically with area of contraction and with the indices of aggregation of PPCs, indicating that they grew by peripheral enlargement and collision without annihilation. The synchronization of PICs within PPCs was sometimes lost, uncoordinated PICs then occurring irregularly (between 4 and 20 cpm) having little effect on Pves We postulate that the formation and involution of PPCs within a TPD resulted from cyclic variation in excitation that increased the incidence and distance over which component PICs propagated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Hulls
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - R G Lentle
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand;
| | - Q M King
- Division of Urology, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, New Zealand; and
| | - G W Reynolds
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - J P Chambers
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Inosine attenuates spontaneous activity in the rat neurogenic bladder through an A 2B pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44416. [PMID: 28294142 PMCID: PMC5353659 DOI: 10.1038/srep44416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) is among the most challenging complications of spinal cord injury (SCI). A recent report by us demonstrated an improvement in NDO in SCI rats following chronic systemic treatment with the purine nucleoside inosine. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of inosine underlying improvement of NDO. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent complete spinal cord transection at T8. Inosine (1 mM) delivered intravesically to SCI rats during conscious cystometry significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous non-voiding contractions. In isolated tissue assays, inosine (1 mM) significantly decreased the amplitude of spontaneous activity (SA) in SCI bladder muscle strips. This effect was prevented by a pan-adenosine receptor antagonist CGS15943, but not by A1 or A3 receptor antagonists. The A2A antagonist ZM241385 and A2B antagonist PSB603 prevented the effect of inosine. The effect of inosine was mimicked by the adenosine receptor agonist NECA and the A2B receptor agonist BAY60-6583. The inhibition of SA by inosine was not observed in the presence of the BK antagonist, iberiotoxin, but persisted in the presence of KATP and SK antagonists. These findings demonstrate that inosine acts via an A2B receptor-mediated pathway that impinges on specific potassium channel effectors.
Collapse
|
44
|
Low amplitude rhythmic contraction frequency in human detrusor strips correlates with phasic intravesical pressure waves. World J Urol 2016; 35:1255-1260. [PMID: 28025660 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-016-1994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Low amplitude rhythmic contractions (LARC) occur in detrusor smooth muscle and may play a role in storage disorders such as overactive bladder and detrusor overactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether LARC frequencies identified in vitro from strips of human urinary bladder tissue correlate with in vivo LARC frequencies, visualized as phasic intravesical pressure (p ves) waves during urodynamics (UD). METHODS After IRB approval, fresh strips of human urinary bladder were obtained from patients. LARC was recorded with tissue strips at low tension (<2 g) and analyzed by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to identify LARC signal frequencies. Blinded UD tracings were retrospectively reviewed for signs of LARC on the p ves tracing during filling and were analyzed via FFT. RESULTS Distinct LARC frequencies were identified in 100% of tissue strips (n = 9) obtained with a mean frequency of 1.97 ± 0.47 cycles/min (33 ± 8 mHz). Out of 100 consecutive UD studies reviewed, 35 visually displayed phasic p ves waves. In 12/35 (34%), real p ves signals were present that were independent of abdominal activity. Average UD LARC frequency was 2.34 ± 0.36 cycles/min (39 ± 6 mHz) which was similar to tissue LARC frequencies (p = 0.50). A majority (83%) of the UD cohort with LARC signals also demonstrated detrusor overactivity. CONCLUSIONS During UD, a subset of patients displayed phasic p ves waves with a distinct rhythmic frequency similar to the in vitro LARC frequency quantified in human urinary bladder tissue strips. Further refinements of this technique may help identify subsets of individuals with LARC-mediated storage disorders.
Collapse
|
45
|
KV7 channels in the human detrusor: channel modulator effects and gene and protein expression. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 390:127-137. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
46
|
Effects of K(+) channel openers on spontaneous action potentials in detrusor smooth muscle of the guinea-pig urinary bladder. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:179-186. [PMID: 27455901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of spontaneous excitability in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) upon the pharmacological activation of different populations of K(+) channels was investigated. Effects of distinct K(+) channel openers on spontaneous action potentials in DSM of the guinea-pig bladder were examined using intracellular microelectrode techniques. NS1619 (10μM), a large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channel opener, transiently increased action potential frequency and then prevented their generation without hyperpolarizing the membrane in a manner sensitive to iberiotoxin (IbTX, 100nM). A higher concentration of NS1619 (30μM) hyperpolarized the membrane and abolished action potential firing. NS309 (10μM) and SKA31 (100μM), small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channel openers, dramatically increased the duration of the after-hyperpolarization and then abolished action potential firing in an apamin (100nM)-sensitive manner. Flupirtine (10μM), a Kv7 channel opener, inhibited action potential firing without hyperpolarizing the membrane in a manner sensitive to XE991 (10μM), a Kv7 channel blocker. BRL37344 (10μM), a β3-adrenceptor agonist, or rolipram (10nM), a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, also inhibited action potential firing. A higher concentration of rolipram (100nM) hyperpolarized the DSM and abolished the action potentials. IbTX (100nM) prevented the rolipram-induced blockade of action potentials but not the hyperpolarization. BK and Kv7 channels appear to predominantly contribute to the stabilization of DSM excitability. Spare SK channels could be pharmacologically activated to suppress DSM excitability. BK channels appear to be involved in the cyclic AMP-induced inhibition of action potentials but not the membrane hyperpolarization.
Collapse
|
47
|
Dave V, Mahapatra C, Manchanda R. A mathematical model of the calcium transient in urinary bladder smooth muscle cells. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2015:5359-62. [PMID: 26737502 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An increase in cytoplasmic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) is a prerequisite for the contraction of detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) cells . The increase in [Ca(2+)]i is accomplished by Ca(2+) entry mainly via voltage dependent L-type Ca(2+) channel and Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores. We report here a simulation of the processes that regulate intracellular Ca(2+) and their dependence on Ca(2+) concentration. Based on experimentally recorded data, mathematical equations for Ca(2+) current (generated mainly by L-type Ca(2+) channel) are developed along with representation of Ca(2+)ATPase pump currents. The plasma membrane Ca(2+)ATPase (PMCA) pump and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)ATPase (SERCA) pump are responsible for lowering [Ca(2+)]i which leads to relaxation of smooth muscle. Our model simulates Ca(2+) current, action potential and the Ca(2+) transient response so as to reasonably mimic the experimental recordings. In novel findings, currents produced by PMCA and SERCA along with their amplitude and waveform pattern under voltage clamp condition have been predicted for DSM cells. The model has further been used to produce the Ca(2+) transient which results because of L-type Ca(2+) channel, Ca(2+) release from intracellular store, PMCA, SERCA and presence of buffer in the cytoplasm. To explore the model further, Ca(2+) transient decay rate in control condition is compared to the decay rate reached when PMCA and SERCA are inhibited. We conclude that this model can be used to describe the Ca(2+) transient response produced by the DSM cell in response to depolarization of cell membrane.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hypolite JA, Malykhina AP. Regulation of urinary bladder function by protein kinase C in physiology and pathophysiology. BMC Urol 2015; 15:110. [PMID: 26538012 PMCID: PMC4634593 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-015-0106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein kinase C (PKC) is expressed in many tissues and organs including the urinary bladder, however, its role in bladder physiology and pathophysiology is still evolving. The aim of this review was to evaluate available evidence on the involvement of PKC in regulation of detrusor contractility, muscle tone of the bladder wall, spontaneous contractile activity and bladder function under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. METHODS This is a non-systematic review of the published literature which summarizes the available animal and human data on the role of PKC signaling in the urinary bladder under different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. A wide PubMed search was performed including the combination of the following keywords: "urinary bladder", "PKC", "detrusor contractility", "bladder smooth muscle", "detrusor relaxation", "peak force", "detrusor underactivity", "partial bladder outlet obstruction", "voltage-gated channels", "bladder nerves", "PKC inhibitors", "PKC activators". Retrieved articles were individually screened for the relevance to the topic of this review with 91 citations being selected and included in the data analysis. DISCUSSION Urinary bladder function includes the ability to store urine at low intravesical pressure followed by a subsequent release of bladder contents due to a rapid phasic contraction that is maintained long enough to ensure complete emptying. This review summarizes the current concepts regarding the potential contribution of PKC to contractility, physiological voiding, and related signaling mechanisms involved in the control of both the storage and emptying phases of the micturition cycle, and in dysfunctional voiding. Previous studies linked PKC activation exclusively with an increase in generation of the peak force of smooth muscle contraction, and maximum force generation in the lower urinary tract. More recent data suggests that PKC presents a broader range of effects on urinary bladder function including regulation of storage, emptying, excitability of the detrusor, and bladder innervation. In this review, we evaluated the mechanisms of peripheral and local regulation of PKC signaling in the urinary bladder, and their impact on different phases of the micturition cycle under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Hypolite
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Ave. Mail Stop C317, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Anna P Malykhina
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Ave. Mail Stop C317, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ehrhardt A, Wang B, Yung AC, Wang Y, Kozlowski P, van Breemen C, Schrader JW. Urinary Retention, Incontinence, and Dysregulation of Muscarinic Receptors in Male Mice Lacking Mras. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141493. [PMID: 26516777 PMCID: PMC4627820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we show that male, but not female mice lacking expression of the GTPase M-Ras developed urinary retention with distention of the bladder that exacerbated with age but occurred in the absence of obvious anatomical outlet obstruction. There were changes in detrusor morphology in Mras-/- males: Smooth muscle tissue, which exhibited a compact organization in WT mice, appeared disorganized and became increasingly ‘layered’ with age in Mras-/- males, but was not fibrotic. Bladder tissue near the apex of bladders of Mras-/- males exhibited hypercontractility in response to the cholinergic agonist carbachol in in vitro, while responses in Mras-/- females were normal. In addition, spontaneous phasic contractions of detrusors from Mras-/- males were increased, and Mras-/- males exhibited urinary incontinence. We found that expression of the muscarinic M2 and M3 receptors that mediate the cholinergic contractile stimuli of the detrusor muscle was dysregulated in both Mras-/- males and females, although only males exhibited a urinary phenotype. Elevated expression of M2R in young males lacking M-Ras and failure to upregulate M3R with age resulted in significantly lower ratios of M3R/M2R expression that correlated with the bladder abnormalities. Our data suggests that M-Ras and M3R are functionally linked and that M-Ras is an important regulator of male bladder control in mice. Our observations also support the notion that bladder control is sexually dimorphic and is regulated through mechanisms that are largely independent of acetylcholine signaling in female mice.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acetylcholine/physiology
- Aging/genetics
- Aging/physiology
- Animals
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle, Smooth/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Proteinuria/genetics
- Proteinuria/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/physiology
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/physiology
- Sex Characteristics
- Urinary Bladder/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder/pathology
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/genetics
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/physiopathology
- Urinary Incontinence/genetics
- Urinary Incontinence/physiopathology
- Urinary Retention/genetics
- Urinary Retention/physiopathology
- Urination/physiology
- ras Proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Ehrhardt
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bin Wang
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew C. Yung
- The University of British Columbia MRI Research Centre, Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yanni Wang
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- The University of British Columbia MRI Research Centre, Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- The University of British Columbia, Departments of Radiology and Urologic Sciences, 818 West 10th Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelis van Breemen
- The University of British Columbia, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John W. Schrader
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang J, Cao M, Wu X, Chen Y, Liang W, Liang Y. Enhanced expression of TWIK-related arachidonic acid-activated K+ channel in the spinal cord of detrusor overactivity rats after partial bladder outlet obstruction. BMC Urol 2015; 15:100. [PMID: 26444419 PMCID: PMC4596457 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-015-0092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detrusor overactivity (DO) secondary to partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) is closely associated with alteration of ion channels. The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of the TWIK-related arachidonic acid-activated K+ channel (TRAAK) in the L6-S1 spinal cord of DO rats after PBOO. Methods Female Sprague–Dawley rats undergoing PBOO surgery were screened for DO by cystometry. Sham-operated rats served as controls. The expression of TRAAK in the L6-S1 spinal cord was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results DO was successfully induced after chronic PBOO in rats, with an incidence rate of 62.5 %. Compared with sham-operated rats, the expression of TRAAK in the L6-S1 spinal cord of DO rats was significantly increased at the mRNA (1.886 ± 0.710 versus 0.790 ± 0.679, P < 0.05) and protein level (0.510 ± 0.087 versus 0.255 ± 0.107, P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed increased expression of TRAAK in the dorsal horn and ventral horn of the spinal cord. Conclusions Upregulation of TRAAK was observed in the spinal cord of DO rats after chronic PBOO, which may exert a protective effect against DO by suppressing the excitability of neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Mingxin Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xilian Wu
- Department of Urology, HuiZhou Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (HuiZhou Municipal Central Hospital), Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Urology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weijie Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yueyou Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|