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Fountain NB, Quigg M, Murchison CF, Carrazana E, Rabinowicz AL. Analysis of seizure-cluster circadian periodicity from a long-term, open-label safety study of diazepam nasal spray. Epilepsia 2024; 65:920-928. [PMID: 38391291 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Seizure clusters require prompt medical treatment to minimize possible progression to status epilepticus, increased health care use, and disruptions to daily life. Isolated seizures may exhibit cyclical patterns, including circadian and longer rhythms. However, little is known about the cyclical patterns in seizure clusters. This post hoc analysis of data from a long-term, phase 3, open-label, repeat-dose safety study of diazepam nasal spray modeled the periodicity of treated seizure clusters. METHODS Mixed-effects cosinor analysis evaluated circadian rhythmicity, and single component cosinors using 12 and 24 h were used to calculate cosinor parameters (e.g., midline statistic of rhythm, wave ampitude, and acrophase [peak]). Analysis was completed for the full cohort and a consistent cohort of participants with two or more seizure clusters in each of four, 3-month periods. The influence of epilepsy type on cosinor parameters was also analyzed. RESULTS Seizure-cluster events plotted across 24 h showed a bimodal distribution with acrophases (peaks) at ~06:30 and ~18:30. A 12-h plot showed a single peak at ~06:30. Cosinor analyses of the full and consistent cohort aligned, with acrophases for both models predicting peak seizure activity at ~23:30 on a 24-h scale and ~07:30 on a 12-h scale. The consistent cohort was associated with increases in baseline and peak seizure-cluster activity. Analysis by epilepsy type identified distinct trends. Seizure clusters in the focal epilepsy group peaked in the evening (acrophase 19:19), whereas events in the generalized epilepsy group peaked in the morning (acrophase 04:46). Together they compose the bimodal clustering observed over 24 h. SIGNIFICANCE This analysis of seizure clusters treated with diazepam nasal spray demonstrated that seizure clusters occur cyclically in 12- and 24-h time frames similar to that reported with isolated seizures. Further elucidation of these patterns may provide important information for patient care, ranging from improved patient-centered outcomes to seizure-cluster prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan B Fountain
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mark Quigg
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Charles F Murchison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Enrique Carrazana
- Neurelis, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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Liu K, Ji L, Lu Y. Influence of Amputation on Kinetic Chain Musculature Activity During Basic and Modified Core Exercises. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38508161 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Core strength is vital for athletic performance, and many more exercises that involve the kinetic chain have been designed for able-bodied athletes. Disabilities that impair the kinetic chain can reduce the effectiveness of strength training. However, the impact of amputation on core strength training of people with disabilities and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the muscle activation patterns and levels in athletes with amputation during 4 basic and modified weight-bearing core strength-training exercises. METHODS Fifteen elite athletes with unilateral amputation (170.6 [7.3] cm; 63.9 [11.9] kg; 25.9 [5.3] y) volunteered for this study. Surface electromyography was used to measure the muscle activity mainly in the lumbopelvic-hip complex-stabilizing muscles during 4 kinetic chain trunk exercises with and without modifications. RESULTS The significance level was set at α = .05. The results showed a significant difference in muscle activation between different body sides (P < .05). Specifically, amputation on the support position resulted in a diagonal pattern of muscle activation, and amputation on the free distal segments resulted in a unilateral dominant pattern with higher activation in muscles on the nonamputated side (P < .05). Modifications led to significant decreases in muscle activation asymmetry index (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Amputation caused muscle activation asymmetry and 2 activation patterns. Modifications by enhancing proximal stability and adjusting distal loading effectively reduced the asymmetry of muscle activation. Coaches and clinicians can use these results to tailor exercises for athletes with disabilities in training and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Dai X, Si W, Liu Y, Zhang W, Guo Z. Bubble Unidirectional Transportation on Multipath Aerophilic Surfaces by Adjusting the Surface Microstructure. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:11984-11996. [PMID: 38407018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Comprehending and controlling the behavior of bubbles on solid surfaces is of significant importance in various fields including catalysis and drag reduction, both industrially and scientifically. Herein, Inspired by the superaerophilic properties of the lotus leaf surface, a series of asymmetrically patterned aerophilic surfaces were prepared by utilizing a facile mask-spraying method for directional transport of underwater bubbles. The ability of bubbles to undergo self-driven transportation in an asymmetric pattern is attributed to the natural tendency of bubbles to move toward regions with lower surface energy. In this work, the microstructure of the aerophilic surface is demonstrated as a critical element that influences the self-driven transport of bubbles toward regions of lower surface energy. The microstructure characteristic affects the energy barrier of forming a continuous gas film on the final regions. We classify three distinct bubble behaviors on the aerophilic surface, which align with three different underwater gas film evolution states: Model I, Model II, and Model III. Furthermore, utilizing the energy difference between the energy barrier that forms a continuous gas film and the gas-gas merging, gas-liquid microreaction in a specific destination on the multiple paths can be easily realized by preinjecting a bubble in the final region. This work provides a new view of the microevolutionary process for the diffusion, transport, and merging behavior of bubbles upon contact with an aerophilic pattern surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Si
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Bawa A, Banitsas K, Abbod M. A Movement Classification of Polymyalgia Rheumatica Patients Using Myoelectric Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1500. [PMID: 38475036 DOI: 10.3390/s24051500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Gait disorder is common among people with neurological disease and musculoskeletal disorders. The detection of gait disorders plays an integral role in designing appropriate rehabilitation protocols. This study presents a clinical gait analysis of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica to determine impaired gait patterns using machine learning models. A clinical gait assessment was conducted at KATH hospital between August and September 2022, and the 25 recruited participants comprised 18 patients and 7 control subjects. The demographics of the participants follow: age 56 years ± 7, height 175 cm ± 8, and weight 82 kg ± 10. Electromyography data were collected from four strained hip muscles of patients, which were the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus. Four classification models were used-namely, support vector machine (SVM), rotation forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and decision tree (DT)-to distinguish the gait patterns for the two groups. SVM recorded the highest accuracy of 85% among the classifiers, while KNN had 75%, RF had 80%, and DT had the lowest accuracy of 70%. Furthermore, the SVM classifier had the highest sensitivity of 92%, while RF had 86%, DT had 90%, and KNN had the lowest sensitivity of 84%. The classifiers achieved significant results in discriminating between the impaired gait pattern of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and control subjects. This information could be useful for clinicians designing therapeutic exercises and may be used for developing a decision support system for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bawa
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Konstantinos Banitsas
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Maysam Abbod
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
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Pease A, Ingram J, Lambert B, Patrick K, Pitts K, Fleming PJ, Blair PS. A Risk Assessment and Planning Tool to Prevent Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy: Development and Evaluation of The Baby Sleep Planner. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e49952. [PMID: 38386377 PMCID: PMC10921318 DOI: 10.2196/49952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful national safer sleep campaigns in the United Kingdom have lowered the death rates from sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) over the past 3 decades, but deaths persist in socioeconomically deprived families. The circumstances of current deaths suggest that improvements in support for some families to follow safer sleep advice more consistently could save lives. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop and evaluate a risk assessment and planning tool designed to improve the uptake of safer sleep advice in families with infants at increased risk of SUDI. METHODS A co-design approach was used to develop the prototype interface of a web-based tool with 2 parts: an individual SUDI risk assessment at birth and a downloadable plan for safety during times of disruption. The advice contained within the tool is concordant with national guidance from the Lullaby Trust, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. User testing of the prototype tool was conducted by inviting health visitors, midwives, and family nurses to use it with families eligible for additional support. Qualitative interviews with health professionals and families allowed for iterative changes to the tool and for insights into its function and influence on parental behavior. RESULTS A total of 22 health professionals were enrolled in the study, of whom 20 (91%) were interviewed. They reported appreciating the functionality of the tool, which allowed them to identify at-risk families for further support. They felt that the tool improved how they communicated about risks with families. They suggested expanding its use to include relevance in the antenatal period and having versions available in languages other than English. They reported using the tool with 58 families; 20 parents gave consent to be interviewed by the research team about their experiences with the tool. Families were positive about the tool, appreciated the trustworthy information, and felt that it was useful and appropriate and that the plans for specific infant sleeps would be of benefit to them and other family members. CONCLUSIONS Our tool combines risk assessment and safety planning, both of which have the potential to improve the uptake of lifesaving advice. Refinements to the tool based on these findings have ensured that the tool is ready for further evaluation in a larger study before being rolled out to families with infants at increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pease
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Ingram
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Becky Lambert
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Patrick
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Kieren Pitts
- Research IT, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Fleming
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S Blair
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Yao Y, Yuen JSK, Sylvia R, Fennelly C, Cera L, Zhang KL, Li C, Kaplan DL. Cultivated Meat from Aligned Muscle Layers and Adipose Layers Formed from Glutenin Films. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:814-824. [PMID: 38226596 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated meat production is a promising technology to generate meat while reducing the reliance on traditional animal farming. Biomaterial scaffolds are critical components in cultivated meat production, enabling cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and orientation. In the present work, naturally derived glutenin was fabricated into films with and without surface patterning and in the absence of toxic cross-linking or stabilizing agents for cell culture related to cultivated meat goals. The films were stable in culture media for at least 28 days, and the surface patterns induced cell alignment and guided myoblast organization (C2C12s) and served as a substrate for 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The films supported adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation with mass balance considerations (films, cells, and matrix production). Freeze-thaw cycles were applied to remove cells from glutenin films and monitor changes in glutenin mass with respect to culture duration. Extracellular matrix (ECM) extraction was utilized to quantify matrix deposition and changes in the original biomaterial mass over time during cell cultivation. Glutenin films with C2C12s showed mass increases with time due to cell growth and new collagen-based ECM expression during proliferation and differentiation. All mass balances were compared among cell and noncell systems as controls, along with gelatin control films, with time-dependent changes in the relative content of film, matrix deposition, and cell biomass. These data provide a foundation for cell/biomaterial/matrix ratios related to time in culture as well as nutritional and textural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - John S K Yuen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Ryan Sylvia
- MilliporeSigma, Inc., 400 Summit Drive, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, United States
| | - Colin Fennelly
- MilliporeSigma, Inc., 400 Summit Drive, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, United States
| | - Luca Cera
- MilliporeSigma, Inc., 400 Summit Drive, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, United States
| | - Kevin Lin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Zhu C, Esteller R, Block J, Lechleiter K, Frey R, Moffitt MA. Exploratory evaluation of spinal cord stimulation with dynamic pulse patterns: a promising approach to improve stimulation sensation, coverage of pain areas, and expected pain relief. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2024; 4:1339892. [PMID: 38361978 PMCID: PMC10867969 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1339892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The societal burden of chronic pain and the contribution-in-part to the opioid crisis, is a strong motivation to improve and expand non-addictive treatments, including spinal cord stimulation (SCS). For several decades standard SCS has consisted in delivery of tonic pulses with static parameter settings in frequency, pulse width, and amplitude. These static parameters have limited ability to personalize the quality of paresthesia, the dermatomal coverage, and thus may affect SCS efficacy. Further, static settings may contribute to the build-up of tolerance or loss of efficacy of the therapy over time in some patients. Methods We conducted an acute exploratory study to evaluate the effects of SCS using time-dynamic pulses as compared to time-static (conventional tonic) stimulation pulses, with the hypotheses that dynamic pulse SCS may enable beneficial tailoring of the sensation and the patient's expectation for better pain relief with SCS. During a single clinic visit, consented subjects undergoing a standard SCS trial had their implanted leads temporarily connected to an investigational external stimulator capable of delivering time-static and six categories of time-dynamic pulse sequences, each characterized by continuously varying a stimulation parameter. Study subjects provided several assessments while blinded to the stimulation pattern, including: drawing of paresthesia maps, descriptions of sensation, and ratings for comfort and helpfulness to pain relief. Results Even without optimization of the field location, a majority of subjects rated sensations from dynamic stimulation as better or equal to that of static stimulation for comfortableness and for helpfulness to pain relief. The initial data showed a gender and/or pain dermatomal location related preference to a stimulation pattern. In particular, female subjects and subjects with pain at higher dermatomes tended to rank the sensation from dynamic stimulation better. Dynamic stimulation produced greater pain coverage without optimization; in 70% (9/13) of subjects, maximal pain coverage was achieved with a dynamic stimulation pattern. There was also greater variety in the words used by patients to describe stimulation sensation in the free text and free form verbal descriptions associated with dynamic stimulation. Conclusions With the same electrode configuration and comparable parameter settings, acute SCS using dynamic pulses produced more positive ratings, expanded paresthesia coverage, and greater variation in sensation as compared to SCS using static pulses, suggesting that dynamic stimulation has the potential to improve capabilities of SCS for the treatment of chronic pain. Further study is warranted. Trial Registration This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under ID NCT02988713, November 2016 (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02988713).
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfang Zhu
- Research and Development, Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | - Rosana Esteller
- Research and Development, Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Block
- Research and Development, Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | - Kristen Lechleiter
- Clinical Research, Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | - Robert Frey
- Pacific Pain Management Inc., Ventura, CA, United States
| | - Michael A. Moffitt
- Research and Development, Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
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Zhang E, Su S, Gao S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xie S, Yue W, Liu R, Yin C. Is glucose pattern of OGTT associated with late-onset gestational diabetes and adverse pregnant outcomes? Ann Med 2024; 55:2302516. [PMID: 38253012 PMCID: PMC10810615 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2302516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterogeneity of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) patterns during pregnancy remains unclear. This study aims to identify latent OGTT patterns in pregnant women and investigate the high-risk population for late-onset gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS This study including 17,723 participants was conducted from 2018 to 2021. Latent mixture modeling was used to identify subgroups. Modified Poisson regression was performed to explore the relationship between OGTT patterns and late-onset GDM or adverse perinatal outcomes. RESULTS Three distinct glucose patterns, high, medium, and low glucose levels (HG, MG, and LG patterns) were identified. The HG pattern represented 28.5% of the participants and 5.5% of them developed late-onset GDM. A five-fold higher risk of late-onset GDM was found in HG pattern than in LG pattern (relative risk [RR]: 5.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.38-7.92) after adjustment. Participants in HG pattern were more likely to have macrosomia, large for gestational age, preterm birth, and cesarean deliveries, with RRs of 1.59 (1.31-1.93), 1.55 (1.33-1.82), 1.30 (1.02-1.64) and 1.15 (1.08-1.23), respectively. CONCLUSION Three distinct OGTT patterns presented different risks of late-onset GDM and adverse perinatal outcomes, indicating that timely monitoring of glucose levels after OGTT should be performed in pregnant women with HG pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjie Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shaofei Su
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Research Management, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuanghua Xie
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Research Management, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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Been Sayeed SKJ, Moniruzzaman M, Kabir AKMH, Mallik MU, Chandra Mondal B, Mahmud S, Rahman FT, Rahman M, Rahman MM. Pattern and Predictors of Infection Among Patients With Rheumatological Disease on Immunosuppressive Medications: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh. Cureus 2024; 16:e52817. [PMID: 38406079 PMCID: PMC10883793 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immunomodulatory therapy for chronic rheumatic disease carries a risk for infectious complications. In Bangladesh, there is limited information regarding patterns and factors associated with infections among patients receiving immunosuppressive medications. Objective The present study aimed to find out patterns and predictors associated with infection among patients who were on different immunosuppressive medications due to chronic rheumatological disease. Methodology This was a retrospective study; all confirmed cases of (new and old) different rheumatological diseases on disease-modifying agents attended at the rheumatology clinic of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled. Result Among 489 cases, 90 (18.4%) patients had documented infections. The most common rheumatological diseases were systemic lupus erythematosus (28, 31.1%), ankylosing spondylitis (26, 28.8%), and rheumatoid arthritis (20, 22.2%). COVID-19 (28, 31.1%) was the most commonly occurring infection followed by urinary tract infection (14, 15.6%), fungal infection (12, 13.3%), herpes zoster (10, 11.1%), pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (eight, 8.8%), latent TB (seven, 7.7%), community-acquired pneumonia (six, 6.6%), and sepsis (three, 3.3%). Infection was most prevalent among patients who received steroids of more than 10 mg per day (17, 18.8%) than those less than 10 mg steroid per day (six, 6.7%), Factors associated with infections were (odds ratio, 95% CI, p-value) underweight (2.3, [1.3-2.7], 0.001), anemia (1.8, [1.1-5.7], 0.01), neutropenia (1.6, [1.1-2.9], <0.002), hypoalbuminemia (3.1, [1.6-4.9], 0.001), hypovitaminosis D (1.9, [1.3-4.5], 0.001), high blood sugar (1.5, [1.1-5.3], 0.02), inadequate counseling of steroid side effect (1.7, [1.1-3.9], 0.03), prednisolone >10mg/day (2.2, [1.19-4.10], 0.001). Conclusion COVID-19 pneumonia, urinary tract infections, fungal infection, tuberculosis, herpes zoster, and community-acquired pneumonia were commonly occurring infections among patients receiving different immunosuppressive medications. Factors like poor nutritional status, presence of anemia, leucopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglycemia, and hypovitaminosis D had a significant association with infection. Moreover, inadequate counseling of steroid side effects and history of daily intake of prednisolone (>10mg/day) were also significant factors associated with infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Medicine and Rheumatology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | | | | | - Bikas Chandra Mondal
- Respiratory Medicine, National Institute of Chest Diseases and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Shahin Mahmud
- Rheumatology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | | | - Mehrin Rahman
- Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
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Bashir E, Abdu L, Isyaku M, Habib ZG, Habib SG, Kurawa MS, Hassan S. Ophthalmic Manifestations of Migraine in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility. J West Afr Coll Surg 2024; 14:76-82. [PMID: 38486648 PMCID: PMC10936896 DOI: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_80_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Migraine is a group of headache syndromes, with a prevalence of 5%-25%. Migraine is a complex recurrent headache disorder, often unilateral, throbbing or pulsating in nature aggravated by physical activity, bright light, and loud noises. Symptoms associated with migraine without aura are nausea, anorexia, and varying degrees of ophthalmic problems ranging from visual aura, ocular symptoms, and ophthalmoplegia. Objectives The study determined the pattern and ophthalmic manifestations of migraine in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the research ethical committee of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH). A total of 254 patients diagnosed with migraine using international headache society criteria attending neurology clinic in AKTH were interviewed and examined using a structured questionnaire which captured the biodata, pattern of migraine and ocular symptoms associated with migraine. The data obtained were collated and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23. Results Of the 254 patients examined, there were 95 (37.4%) males and 159 (62.6%) females, (M:F = 1:2) with mean age of 28.9 ± 9.7 years. Migraine without aura was the commonest type seen in 55.8% of patients. Most patients had unilateral headaches. About 52.8% and 57.5% had headaches that were throbbing in nature. The headache lasted for 72 h in 48.2% and 48 h in 30.3%. It was triggered by physical stress in 49.6% and lack of sleep in 46.5%. The commonest associated symptom was nausea in 44.9%, tinnitus in 39.0%, and vomiting in 29.1%. While the commonest ocular/visual symptom was photophobia in 76% of patients. Most of the patients had family history of migraine (62.8%). Migraine without aura (MWOA) was found to be significantly associated with female gender (P = 0.001; OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.45-4.25). Scotoma, fortifying spectra were significantly associated with migraine with aura (MWA; P = 0.0004; OR = 28.46; 95% CI: 11.53-70.35). Conclusion Migraine is one of the most common types of primary headache. There is a female preponderance. Migraine has significant association with visual disturbances and ocular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Bashir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital, Health Education England-East Midlands, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Lawan Abdu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Isyaku
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Zahraddeen Garba Habib
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Saudat Garba Habib
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Musbahu Sani Kurawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Sadiq Hassan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
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Zanfirescu A, Avram I, Gatea F, Roșca R, Vamanu E. In Vitro and In Vivo Antihyperglycemic Effects of New Metabiotics from Boletus edulis. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:68. [PMID: 38255683 PMCID: PMC10817235 DOI: 10.3390/life14010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of diabetes has prompted the need for new treatment strategies, including natural products that reduce glycemia values. This work examined the in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycemic effects of new metabiotics derived from Boletus edulis extracts. The metabiotics were obtained from 100% B. edulis, and two other products, CARDIO and GLYCEMIC, from Anoom Laboratories SRL, which contain other microbial species related to B. edulis. Our in vitro investigations (simulations of the microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D)) demonstrated that B. edulis extracts modulate the microbiota, normalizing its pattern. The effects were further tested in vivo, employing a mouse model of T2D. The tested extracts decreased glycemia values compared to the control and modulated the microbiota. The metabiotics had positive effects on T2D in vitro and in vivo, suggesting their potential to alleviate diabetes-associated microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ionela Avram
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36–46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florentina Gatea
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, 296 Spl. Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Răzvan Roșca
- Anoom Laboratories SRL, 18th Resita Str., ap. 58, 4th District, 024023 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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ILORI O, A.I OLUGBENGABELLO, GOODMAN O, BABAKUNDI A, OLADEJO R. Prevalence and pattern of contraceptive uptake among adolescents in an internally displaced camp, North Central, Nigeria. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2383. [PMID: 38523805 PMCID: PMC10959150 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Internally displaced Persons are marginally sidelined in many areas of life, reproductive health issues inclusive. There is a need to know the prevalence and pattern of contraceptive use among this vulnerable group of people. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of contraceptive uptake among internally displaced adolescents in North-Central Camp, Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study, among 403 adolescents using semi-structured questionnaires. The mean age of the respondents was 19.53±6.4 years and 21.34±7.34 years at first birth. Awareness about FP was high, (483, 95.0%), however, only 169 (41.9%) ever used a family planning method, while 82 (20.3%) were current users, 72 (42.6%) of the 169 ever users admitted to have used pills, while 44 (53.7%) of the 82 current users were using condom only. One third, 160 (39.7%), were pregnant, while 78 (19.4%) of those pregnant were unintentional, therefore the unintended pregnancy rate was 19.4%. Bivariate analysis revealed that respondents' use of contraceptive was significantly related to religion (<0.001), ethnic group (<0.001), marital status (<0.001), family type (<0.001), and educational attainment (<0.001). While respondents' knowledge of contraceptive was significantly associated with age (P<0.00000001), educational level (P<0.002), and ethnic group (P<0.001). The prevalence of contraceptive use among respondents was 20.3%, while 41.9% ever used a method. Pill was the major Family planning method ever used, while condom was mostly used by the current users.
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Affiliation(s)
- O.R. ILORI
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Oyo State
| | - OLUGBENGA-BELLO A.I
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Oyo State
| | - O.O. GOODMAN
- Department of Community Health and Primary Health care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos
| | - A.A. BABAKUNDI
- Post-Graduate School Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State
| | - R.A OLADEJO
- MurphGan Resources Analysis, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Canavese G, Falco EC, Perez-Diaz-del-Campo N, Caviglia GP, Di Giovanni F, Ribaldone DG. The Histology-Driven Differential Diagnosis in Bowel Inflammatory Conditions Is Not All That Obvious: Evidence from a Survey Based on Digital Slides. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3684. [PMID: 38132268 PMCID: PMC10742970 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: when the pathologist faces histologic slides from colonoscopies in daily practice, given the large number of entities and etiologies under inflammatory bowel conditions, in-depth definition of the histological spectrum and the recommendations of current guidelines are often not enough to conclusively define a diagnostic framework. Histological patterns should be organized hierarchically in flowcharts that consider the correlation with clinical data. We conducted an online survey asking a group of gastroenteropathologists to apply a pattern classification based on the most significant lesions in colitis differential diagnosis: crypt distortion and activity. (2) Methods: digital slides from 20 endoscopy samples were analyzed by twenty pathologists and classified according to the occurrence of crypt distortion (nondestructive-destructive colitis) and subsequently to the evidence of activity (ND1-2-3, D1-2). (3) Results: in 8 out of 20 (40%) cases, the participants reached a full agreement regarding the evaluation of crypt distortion (5 cases: nondestructive colitis; 3 cases: destructive colitis). The calculated agreement was k = 0.432. In the second-level quiz (ND1-2-3 and D1-2), full agreement between participants was achieved for 7 of the 28 (25%) possible classifications, with k = 0.229. (4) Conclusions: The findings from this survey are indicative of an unexpectedly low consensus, even among dedicated pathologists, about the recognition of histological changes that are commonly considered critical lesions in the histologic identification of bowel non-neoplastic diseases. In our opinion, these divergences imply a significant risk of misdiagnosis of bowel inflammatory conditions, hampering the usefulness of histological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Canavese
- Department of Pathology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (E.C.F.)
| | - Enrico Costantino Falco
- Department of Pathology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (E.C.F.)
| | | | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.P.C.); (D.G.R.)
| | - Fabrizia Di Giovanni
- Department of Pathology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (E.C.F.)
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14
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Owusu-Afriyie B, Gende T, Silki F, Ishmael B, Kuiaha J. Epidemiology of eye diseases: outcomes from a free provincial eye clinic in Papua New Guinea. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1272337. [PMID: 38179281 PMCID: PMC10765577 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1272337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To ascertain the prevalence and pattern of eye problems in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Materials and methods A six-month retrospective study was performed at Madang Provincial Hospital Eye Clinic. Convenience sampling was used in this study and all patient records from January to June 2020 were included. Data was extracted using Microsoft Excel and the data included gender, age, occupation, district where the patient lived, presenting visual acuity, and diagnosis. It was then analyzed using International Business Machines Corporation's Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 1,715 patients received services at the eye clinic between January and June 2020, and 1,664 were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 39.3 ± 20.3 years. There were slightly more males (50.4%) than females. The overall leading ocular morbidities were corneal ulcers and keratitis (20.7%), refractive errors (17.4%), and cataracts (16.8%). More than half of the patients (56.2%) were either visually impaired or blind. Nearly half of the patients (41.8%) traveled long distances to seek services at the eye clinic. There was a significant association between demographic characteristics, diagnosis, and level of visual impairment. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of potential causes of visual impairment and blindness in Madang Province and these conditions affect all age groups and genders. It is essential to increase accessibility to eye care services in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Owusu-Afriyie
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- The Fred Hollows Foundation NZ, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Theresa Gende
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- The Fred Hollows Foundation NZ, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Frederick Silki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Bolgii Ishmael
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Joelda Kuiaha
- The Fred Hollows Foundation PNG Inc., Madang, Papua New Guinea
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Cheibas I, Piccioni V, Lloret-Fritschi E, Leschok M, Schlüter A, Dilllenburger B, Gramazio F, Kohler M. Light Distribution in 3D-Printed Thermoplastics. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2023; 10:1164-1177. [PMID: 38116216 PMCID: PMC10726176 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2023.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Daylight distribution is an essential performance parameter for building facades that aim to maximize user comfort while maintaining energy efficiency. This study investigates the feasibility of using 3D-printed thermoplastic to improve daylight distribution and transmission. To identify how geometry influences light distribution and transmission, 12 samples with various patterns were robotically fabricated. In a physical simulation of spring, summer, and winter, a robotic arm was used to direct light onto the samples in both the vertical and horizontal print pattern directions. In addition, three samples of conventional facade materials, including a polycarbonate panel, a polycarbonate sheet, and a single sheet of glass, were compared with the 3D-printed samples. All samples were examined and compared using high dynamic range imaging to qualitatively characterize luminance. The data analysis demonstrated that 3D-printed geometry can successfully generate customizable diffusive light distribution based on the needs of the user. Furthermore, the results showed that the vertical pattern direction had higher light transmission values than the horizontal pattern direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Cheibas
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ena Lloret-Fritschi
- Academy of Architecture, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Arno Schlüter
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Gramazio
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Kim J, Choi JY, Kim H, Lee T, Ha J, Lee S, Park J, Jeon GS, Cho SI. Physical Activity Pattern of Adults With Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: Time-Series Cluster Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023; 11:e50663. [PMID: 38054461 PMCID: PMC10718482 DOI: 10.2196/50663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and wrist-worn wearables, such as smartwatches and smart bands, have become popular tools for measuring activity levels in daily life. However, studies on physical activity using wearable devices have limitations; for example, these studies often rely on a single device model or use improper clustering methods to analyze the wearable data that are extracted from wearable devices. Objective This study aimed to identify methods suitable for analyzing wearable data and determining daily physical activity patterns. This study also explored the association between these physical activity patterns and health risk factors. Methods People aged >30 years who had metabolic syndrome risk factors and were using their own wrist-worn devices were included in this study. We collected personal health data through a web-based survey and measured physical activity levels using wrist-worn wearables over the course of 1 week. The Time-Series Anytime Density Peak (TADPole) clustering method, which is a novel time-series method proposed recently, was used to identify the physical activity patterns of study participants. Additionally, we defined physical activity pattern groups based on the similarity of physical activity patterns between weekdays and weekends. We used the χ2 or Fisher exact test for categorical variables and the 2-tailed t test for numerical variables to find significant differences between physical activity pattern groups. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between activity patterns and health risk factors. Results A total of 47 participants were included in the analysis, generating a total of 329 person-days of data. We identified 2 different types of physical activity patterns (early bird pattern and night owl pattern) for weekdays and weekends. The physical activity levels of early birds were less than that of night owls on both weekdays and weekends. Additionally, participants were categorized into stable and shifting groups based on the similarity of physical activity patterns between weekdays and weekends. The physical activity pattern groups showed significant differences depending on age (P=.004) and daily energy expenditure (P<.001 for weekdays; P=.003 for weekends). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between older age (≥40 y) and shifting physical activity patterns (odds ratio 8.68, 95% CI 1.95-48.85; P=.007). Conclusions This study overcomes the limitations of previous studies by using various models of wrist-worn wearables and a novel time-series clustering method. Our findings suggested that age significantly influenced physical activity patterns. It also suggests a potential role of the TADPole clustering method in the analysis of large and multidimensional data, such as wearable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyoung Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeksang Lee
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Ha
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyi Lee
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmi Park
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Suk Jeon
- Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, Muan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Guo L, Kruglyak L. Genetics and biology of coloration in reptiles: the curious case of the Lemon Frost geckos. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:479-486. [PMID: 37642275 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00015.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there are more than 10,000 reptile species, and reptiles have historically contributed to our understanding of biology, genetics research into class Reptilia has lagged compared with other animals. Here, we summarize recent progress in genetics of coloration in reptiles, with a focus on the leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius. We highlight genetic approaches that have been used to examine variation in color and pattern formation in this species as well as to provide insights into mechanisms underlying skin cancer. We propose that their long breeding history in captivity makes leopard geckos one of the most promising emerging reptilian models for genetic studies. More broadly, technological advances in genetics, genomics, and gene editing may herald a golden era for studies of reptile biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhua Guo
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Geriatrics Center and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Leonid Kruglyak
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States
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18
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Herniter IA, Lo R, Muñoz-Amatriaín M, Lo S, Guo YN, Huynh BL, Lucas M, Jia Z, Roberts PA, Lonardi S, Close TJ. Corrigendum: Seed coat pattern QTL and development in cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1299051. [PMID: 38023847 PMCID: PMC10646776 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1299051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01346.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira A. Herniter
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Lo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - María Muñoz-Amatriaín
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Sassoum Lo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Ning Guo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Bao-Lam Huynh
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Mitchell Lucas
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Philip A. Roberts
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Stefano Lonardi
- Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Timothy J. Close
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
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Bukhary HA, Basha NA, Dobel AA, Alsufyani RM, Alotaibi RA, Almadani SH. Prevalence and Pattern of Injuries Across the Weight-Training Sports. Cureus 2023; 15:e49759. [PMID: 38046743 PMCID: PMC10689975 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence and pattern of injury among weightlifters are insufficiently documented despite these research works. Understanding the injury pattern is crucial for minimizing side effects and maximizing the advantages of weight training. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the frequency and pattern of musculoskeletal injury among weightlifters and to investigate the associations between the prevalence of injury and sociodemographic and training characteristics variables. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted. An online questionnaire was designed by Google Forms to collect the data by using a self-administered questionnaire. From all health clubs in Taif city, Saudi Arabia, one club was chosen by simple random sampling methodology, where all attendant weightlifters during the study period were contacted to participate in the study. Data was entered on the computer using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 for Windows. Qualitative data was expressed as numbers and percentages, and the Chi-squared test (χ2) was used to assess the relationship between variables. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The study included 393 participants, and most respondents fall within the age range of 18-29, accounting for 60.1% of the total. About 27% of participants had a weightlift injury during the last six months. The body parts most injured during weightlifting include the shoulder (7.4%), knee (4.6%), and wrist (3.6%). In terms of the type of injuries sustained, inflammation and pain in the bending of the body (5.9%), torsion (3.6%), ligament tear/muscle tear (3.8%), and stripped-off injuries (2.3%) were reported. Conclusion Musculoskeletal injuries are prevalent among weightlifters due to the nature of the sport and the demands it places on the body. There was no significant association between the injury occurrence with gender, age, or body mass index. However, there was a significant association between the occurrence of injury and weight carried while lifting weights.
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Pérez Mesonero R, Pinto Pulido EL, Gómez Zubiaur A, Vélez Velázquez D, Vega Díez D, Rodríguez-Villa Lario A, González-Cañete M, García Verdú E, Vergara Pelayo P, Trasobares Marugán L. Occipital involvement in classic frontal fibrosing alopecia: Clinical and trichoscopic cross-sectional study in 17 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:815-817. [PMID: 37269919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pérez Mesonero
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Lucía Pinto Pulido
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dolores Vélez Velázquez
- Pathology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vega Díez
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Villa Lario
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta González-Cañete
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García Verdú
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Vergara Pelayo
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Trasobares Marugán
- Dermatology Department, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital Carretera Alcalá-Meco, Madrid, Spain
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Atique M, Javed R, Seerat I, Atique U, Bhatti T. The Intensity and Pattern of Syndecan-1 (CD138) Expression in Normal and Diseased Livers. Cureus 2023; 15:e46718. [PMID: 38022112 PMCID: PMC10630907 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) belong to the syndecan family, and syndecan-1 (CD138) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Syndecan-1 has a potential role in cell-matrix and cell-cell communications as they are present in cell epithelium. Its expression is different in an extensive range of benign, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases. In routine histopathology, it is used as a marker for plasma cells. However, it is expressed in a large variety of normal and neoplastic epithelia including squamous epithelium and gastric glandular epithelium expressed in other tissues, i.e., the liver. In the liver, variable expression is seen in cirrhosis, hepatitis, and carcinoma. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of this marker in normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic lesions of the liver. This in turn may help clinicians to select patients who may benefit from anti-CD138 therapy. It is currently used in the diagnosis and management of plasma cell proliferations. Material and methods This is a retrospective study in which we retrieved 53 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) liver specimen blocks and selected one block from each case by reviewing the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides of each case. Syndecan-1 (CD138), pancytokeratin, and CD68 expression were analyzed immunohistochemically (IHC) to evaluate the percentage and intensity of CD138 expression in various hepatic entities and identify those entities where syndecan-1 can be consistently used to make a definitive diagnosis. Results The expression of pancytokeratin and CD68 was analyzed in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, respectively. For syndecan-1 (CD138), 15.4% of cases showed basolateral membranous positivity, 44.6% of cases showed complete membranous positivity, and 40% of cases showed no positivity in hepatocytes. Cytokeratin (CK) was positive as expected in hepatocytes, and CD68 was expressed in Kupffer cells. Conclusion CD138 does not appear to be a reliable surrogate marker for liver disease. However, it may be included with other ancillary markers as a predictor of the stage of chronic liver disease and metastatic potential. The response to anti-CD138 therapy needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Atique
- Histopathology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
| | - Rabia Javed
- Histopathology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
| | - Iqtadar Seerat
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
| | - Usman Atique
- Histopathology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
| | - Tayyaba Bhatti
- Pathology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
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Sravani T, Palaniappan P, Shaju V. The Prevalence and Pattern of Congenital Anomalies Among Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: A Retrospective Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e47853. [PMID: 37899887 PMCID: PMC10612134 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Congenital anomalies (CAs) constitute a significant determinant of neonatal mortality in India, and past studies have elucidated their diverse clinical presentations across different geographic regions. Given the limited availability of region-specific data in our locale, this study was initiated to elucidate the prevalence and phenotypic manifestations of congenital anomalies in live births within the distinctive setting of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS), located in Port Blair, during a defined one-year period extending from June 2022 to May 2023. All live births presenting with congenital anomalies within this stipulated timeframe were systematically enrolled in the study, and data was meticulously extracted from their respective medical records. The study data was methodically collated and organized utilizing the EpiData software (EpiData Association, Odense, Denmark), followed by a comprehensive descriptive analysis executed through the application of the PSPP software (GNU Project, Boston, MA). Results Among the 1661 neonates admitted during the study's defined period, a total of 61 neonates (3.7%) were identified as having congenital anomalies. Among these anomalies, cardiovascular anomalies were found to be the most prevalent, succeeded by gastrointestinal and central nervous system anomalies. Notably, major congenital anomalies were discerned in 20 out of 61 neonates, constituting approximately 33% of the neonatal population with anomalies. Neonates afflicted with congenital anomalies displayed a mortality rate of 11.5%. Conclusion The effects of congenital anomalies on individuals, families, and the society are far-reaching. Early identification and timely referral and intervention are the key factors in decreasing the mortality and morbidity associated with congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tera Sravani
- Pediatrics, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS), Port Blair, IND
| | - Pragathesh Palaniappan
- Pediatrics, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS), Port Blair, IND
| | - Vinitha Shaju
- Pediatrics, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS), Port Blair, IND
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Park MJ, Jang HM, Kim D, Won DI, Baek HS, Cho MH. Differences in the Clinical Significance of Antinuclear Antibodies According to Titers and Patterns in Children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:1254-1260. [PMID: 36829288 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231154948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the differences in the clinical significance of antinuclear antibody (ANA) according to their titers and patterns in the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases (AiD) in pediatric patients. Of the 2442 children who had undergone an ANA test, 473 (19.4%) were positive for ANA, of whom 33 (7.0%) were diagnosed with significant AiD. The positive predictive value (PPV) for significant AiD was considerably high on application of an ANA titer of ≥1:640, and the PPV of a dense fine speckled (DFS) pattern was significantly lower compared with those of speckled and homogenous patterns. The diagnostic value of ANA positivity for AiD is limited, and the clinical significance of the DFS pattern is relatively lower compared with that of other patterns, such as homogenous and speckled patterns, in children. It is necessary to approach the significance of ANA in children individually depending on titers and patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Min Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsub Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il Won
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Baek
- Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University, College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyun Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Weldegerima K, Gebremariam DS, Haftu H, Berhe G, Hadgu A, Mohammedamin MM. Neonatal Seizure Pattern, Outcome, and its Predictors Among Neonates Admitted to NICU of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4343-4355. [PMID: 37781273 PMCID: PMC10540696 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s414420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Seizure is the most frequently observed symptom of neurological disorders and an important determinant of outcome during neonatal period. In clinical practice, it is prevalent and observed in neonates admitted to hospital in low-resources countries, but due to the paucity of studies in these regions, little is known about its pattern, clinical outcomes of hospitalization, and its predictors. Therefore, aims to evaluate seizure patterns, clinical outcomes, and its predictors among neonates admitted to the NICU of ACSH, Mekelle, and Tigray. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among neonates with neonatal seizures admitted to NICU of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Data collection was done from record reviews. SPSS Version 25 was used. Descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regressions where a p-value of <0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results Out of 1622 NICU admissions, 155 (9.6%) were cases of neonatal seizure. The most frequently observed types of seizure in this study were subtle 70 (45.1%) and tonic 49 (31.6%) respectively. At the end of hospitalization 70.3% of neonates were discharged improved, 21.3% of neonates died and 8.4% of neonates had severe neurologic deficits. Poorly controlled seizures (AOR 4.8, 95% CI 2.6-9.2), prolonged duration of labor (AOR 4.3, 95% CI 2.2-8.8) and seizure onset <72 hours (AOR 3.7, 95% CI 1.6-8.5), respectively, were found to be independent predictors of poor neonatal outcome. Conclusion Of all neonatal admissions, neonatal seizure was observed in close to 9.6%. The most frequently observed type of seizure was subtle. Of those admitted neonates, 30% had poor outcomes following the end of their hospitalization or when they leave against medical advice for lack of improvement). Poorly controlled seizures, prolonged duration of labor, and seizure onset <72 hours were independent predictors of poor neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiros Weldegerima
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Seyoum Gebremariam
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Hansa Haftu
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Gebretsadik Berhe
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Amanuel Hadgu
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Mustefa Mohammedamin
- Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Birhan S, Gedamu S, Belay MZ, Mera Mihiretu M, Tadesse Abegaz N, Fissha Adem Y, Tilahun Yemane T, Abdu Yesuf K. Treatment Outcome, Pattern of Injuries and Associated Factors Among Traumatic Patients Attending Emergency Department of Dessie City Government Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Open Access Emerg Med 2023; 15:303-312. [PMID: 37705966 PMCID: PMC10497063 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s419429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic injuries are a major cause of emergency room visits and hospital workload, and they are a global health concern. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pattern of injuries, treatment outcomes, and associated factors among traumatic patients attending the emergency department of Dessie City Government Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 traumatic patients selected by using a systematic random sampling technique, from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2022. Data were collected through document review. The data were presented with frequency tables and graphs. Data were entered using EPI data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between the independent variable and the outcome variable. As a measure of association, the adjusted odds ratio was utilized, which has a 95% confidence level. Statistically significant variables were those with a p-value of less than 0.05. Results From 420 patient charts, 415 traumatic patients' charts were reviewed in this study, with a response rate of 98.8%. The prevalence of good treatment outcomes among traumatic patients was found to be 67% [95% CI: 62.2, 72.0]. In the final multivariable analysis, having comorbidity [AOR=, 0.31 95% CI: 0.16, 0.60], arriving within one hour [AOR=4.79, 95% CI: 2.10, 10.94], arriving two up to twenty-four hours [AOR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.78] and being conscious at admission [AOR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.26] had a significant association with a good treatment outcome among traumatic patients. Conclusion Trauma constitutes a major public health problem in our setting and contributes significantly to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Interventions should be targeted at urgent injury prevention and management strategies, along with the establishment of a pre-hospital emergency medical service system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindu Birhan
- Department of Nursing, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Gedamu
- Department of Nursing, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Yonas Fissha Adem
- Department of Public Health, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | | | - Kedir Abdu Yesuf
- Department of Public Health, Dessie College of Health Sciences, Dessie, Ethiopia
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26
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Siraj J. Assessment of psychotropic medications prescribing pattern in Gebretsadik Shawo General Hospital, South West Ethiopia. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 45:165. [PMID: 37900209 PMCID: PMC10611909 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.165.30374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction due to the widespread prescription of antipsychotic medications, their usage is cumulative. Evidence on the trends of medication use in Ethiopia and other parts of the world is lacking. The scant information on prescription trends and medication usage suggests that drug use is generally not sensible in both industrialized and emerging nations. So, the aim of this study was to assess the psychotropic medications prescribing pattern in Gebretsadik Shawo General Hospital, South West Ethiopia. Methods from June 1st to July 31st, 2019, a cross-sectional study on prescriptions for psychiatric drugs was conducted at Gebretsadik Shawo General Hospital. Using systematic random sampling, prescription records were obtained from the pharmacy dispensing book. Version 21 of the statistical program for social science was used to code and analyze the data. Results the study included 355 prescription records containing psychotropic drugs in total. The bulk of those taking the psychotropic medication were aged 20 to 49. The most often administered classes of drugs remained antipsychotic, followed by tricyclic antidepressants, antiepileptics, anxiolytics/sedatives, anticholinergic and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The most often ordered antipsychotic medication, which included 102 (23.18%) medications, was chlorpromazine. Tricyclic antidepressants, which included 56 medicines (12.73%) and 24 medications (5.45%), included amitriptyline and imipramine. Conclusion the results of this investigation showed that psychiatrists preferred traditional psychotropic medications, such as Antipsychotic tricyclic, antidepressants (TCAs) and phenothiazines, in high amounts possibly because these medications were readily available in this hospital and their prices suited patients' needs. Health care workers' interdisciplinary relationships and coherence would improve for the benefit of patients and services of higher quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafer Siraj
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
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27
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Al-Mughales J. The Immunodiagnostic Utility of Antinuclear Antibody Patterns: A Prediction for Renal Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e43532. [PMID: 37719585 PMCID: PMC10501496 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous studies have noted associations between the immunofluorescence patterns of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) and the autoimmune responses seen in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, the authors tested the hypothesis of whether ANA patterns predict renal involvement in SLE patients. Method A retrospective study was carried out on consecutive SLE patients who had ANA staining pattern data and who were screened for renal involvement defined as all-stage proteinuria or chronic kidney disease (CKD) at a referral tertiary center in western Saudi Arabia from December 2021 to February 2022. Demographic data and levels of lupus immune markers including ANA titers, anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (anti-dsDNA), complements C3 and C4, anticardiolipin (aCL) immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM, anti-β2 glycoprotein (β2-IgM and β2-IgG), and lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibodies were collected. Result Among 243 patients included, 25.1% had renal involvement (95% confidence interval {CI}=19.8-31.0). A mixed ANA pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of renal involvement (46.2%), followed by homogenous (26.5%) and speckled (25.6%) patterns, compared with 4.5% for the other patterns (p=0.044). No further association of renal involvement was observed with other biological markers. Adjusted logistic regression showed age (odds ratio {OR}=0.95; 95% CI=0.92-0.97) and mixed ANA pattern (OR=26.66; 95% CI=2.53-281.11) to be independently associated with renal involvement, explaining 12.6% of the variance. Conclusion A mixed homogenous/speckled ANA staining pattern is associated with an increased risk of renal involvement, independent of ANA titer or other lupus immune markers. The potential clinical applications of the ANA staining pattern in SLE should be explored in various subtypes of SLE and patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Al-Mughales
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Diagnostic Immunology Division, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
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Mikheev V, Miheev SE. Repeating Christmas jump in LIBOR. F1000Res 2023; 9:1221. [PMID: 37547625 PMCID: PMC10403742 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.26024.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) exists since 1986 as a benchmark interest rate. Methods: Using two-layer linear regression method, we found a pattern of shortterm nature in LIBOR behaviour. Results: To wit, 2-month LIBOR experiences a jump after Xmas for the last two decades. The direction and size of the jump depend on the data trend on 21 days before Xmas. Conclusions: The obtained results can be used to build a winning strategy on the Swap Market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikenty Mikheev
- Mathematics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Serge E. Miheev
- Applied Mathematics and Control Processes, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russian Federation
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Eltyeb EE, Halawi MHA, Tashari TBM, Alharbi K, Alsayari OS, Albarrak DA, Eltayeb RA, Al-Makramani AAA, Medani IEM. Prevalence and Pattern of Birth Defects in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:431-441. [PMID: 37489414 PMCID: PMC10366848 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Birth defects are a significant concern since they can lead to permanent disability and death. This study comprehensively reviews the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A systematic analysis of the literature retrieved from three databases (Pub Med, Science Direct, and the Saudi digital library) published between 1989 and 2022 was performed. Observational studies that addressed the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia were chosen based on the eligibility criteria, while systematic reviews, review articles, non-relevant articles, and studies that did not fulfill the eligibility criteria were excluded. Quality and risk of bias were evaluated based on the JBI and GRADE tools, respectively. RESULTS We identified 26 eligible publications of 1277 records that included 297,668 patients from different regions of Saudi Arabia. The highest overall prevalence of birth defects was 46.5 per 1000 live births compared to a lowest rate of 8.6 per 1000 in one study. Several studies have reported positive associations of consanguinity, maternal folic acid supplementation, family history of birth defects or genetic abnormalities, and maternal co-morbidities. The most frequent birth defects include cardiac, genitourinary, craniofacial, and nervous system defects. CONCLUSION Robust findings have improved our understanding of the prevalence and pattern of birth defects in Saudi Arabia. Importantly, future studies will likely require multicenter collaboration to arrive at appropriate sample sizes in the context of the effects of risk factors on elevated prevalence. Furthermore, quantitative data require careful evaluation in more complex statistical models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Khaled Alharbi
- Imam Abdulrahman Alfaisal Hospital, Riyadh 14723, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud Saad Alsayari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
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Gherasim A, Oprescu AC, Gal AM, Burlui AM, Mihalache L. Lifestyle Patterns in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites 2023; 13:831. [PMID: 37512538 PMCID: PMC10385226 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern lifestyles have led to sedentary behavior, lower participation in active movement and physical activities during leisure time, unhealthy diets, and increased exposure to stress. It is important to examine the interaction of several lifestyle risk factors instead of focusing on one alone. The purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle patterns in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes and the associations of its components with certain metabolic parameters. Using principal component analysis, we identified three dietary patterns: the prudent pattern (fat, oil, cereals, potatoes, vegetables, fish, nuts, seeds and fruits), the Western pattern (meat and meat products, eggs and soft drinks) and the traditional pattern (milk and its derivatives, soups and sauces, with a low intake of sugar/snacks). In addition, using the same method of analysis, we identified two lifestyle patterns: the inadequate lifestyle pattern (Western dietary pattern, increased hours of sleep and lower levels of stress) and the traditional lifestyle pattern (traditional dietary pattern, increased physical activity (PA) and non-smoking status). The inadequate lifestyle pattern was associated with younger age, hypertension and diabetic neuropathy. The traditional lifestyle pattern was related to lower postprandial blood glucose levels. Sedentary individuals were more likely to be over 65 years old and to have higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Smokers were also more likely to have inadequate glycemic and lipid profile control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Gherasim
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei C Oprescu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Studies, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Gal
- College of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Maria Burlui
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Rehabilitation, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihalache
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Gupta P, Cunningham SA, Ali MK, Mohan S, Mahapatra P, Pati SC. Multimorbidity clusters and associated health care cost among patients attending psychiatric clinics in Odisha, India. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:736-741. [PMID: 37645353 PMCID: PMC10461583 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_463_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a dearth of data on common multimorbidity clusters and the healthcare costs for individuals with mental health disorders. This study aimed to identify clinically meaningful physical-mental multimorbidity clusters, frequently occurring clusters of conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns and expenditure among patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods Data were collected in the psychiatric outpatient department among patients aged 18 years and above in February-July 2019 (n = 500); follow-up data on non-communicable disease incidence were collected after 18 months. For analysis, morbidity clusters were defined using two approaches: 1) agglomerative hierarchical clustering method to identify clusters of diseases; and 2) non-hierarchical cluster k mean analysis to identify clusters of patients. Self-reported healthcare costs in these clusters were also calculated. Result Two disease clusters were identified: using the 1st approach were; 1) hypertension, diabetes, and mood disorder; 2) Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders, and acid peptic disease. Three clusters of patients identified using the 2nd approach were identified: 1) those with mood disorders and cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal, and thyroid diseases; 2) those with neurotic, substance use, and organic mental disorders, cancer, and epilepsy; and 3) those with Schizophrenia. Patients in Cluster 1 were taking more than six medicines and had more hospital visits. Within 18 months, 41 participants developed either one or two chronic conditions, most commonly diabetes, hypertension, or thyroid disease. Conclusion Cardiometabolic diseases are most commonly clustered with mood disorders. There is a need for blood pressure and sugar measurement in psychiatric clinics and mood disorder screening in cardiac, endocrinology, and primary care clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Gupta
- Research Department, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mohammed K. Ali
- Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sailesh Mohan
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries (CCCI), Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra C. Pati
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Avram I, Pelinescu D, Gatea F, Ionescu R, Barcan A, Rosca R, Zanfirescu A, Vamanu E. Boletus edulis Extract-A New Modulator of Dysbiotic Microbiota. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1481. [PMID: 37511858 PMCID: PMC10381576 DOI: 10.3390/life13071481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The regular administration of antibiotics is a public concern due to the prejudices of large population groups and the high frequency with which antimicrobial products are prescribed. The current study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of a new extract from Boletus edulis (BEE) on the human microbiota. One of the disadvantages of this extensive use is the disruption of the human microbiota, leading to potential negative health consequences. The in vitro evaluation of BEE consisted in determining its cytotoxicity, influence on the concentration of four types of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, TNFα), and capacity to modulate the human microbiota after administering antibiotics. The latter was assessed by microbiome analysis and the evaluation of short-chain fatty acid synthesis (SCFAs). Simultaneously, the content of total polyphenols, the antioxidant capacity, and the compositional analysis of the extract (individual polyphenols composition) were determined. The results showed that BEE modulates the microbial pattern and reduces inflammatory progression. The data demonstrated antioxidant properties correlated with the increase in synthesizing some biomarkers, such as SCFAs, which mitigated antibiotic-induced dysbiosis without using probiotic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionela Avram
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Pelinescu
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Gatea
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, 296 Spl. Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Robertina Ionescu
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Barcan
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Rosca
- Anoom Laboratories SRL, București, 28 Vintila Mihaileanu Sector 1, 024023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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Sung YN, Kim Y, Cho KJ, Sim J. Assessment of thyroid cartilage ossification pattern in cancer patients: A suggestion of active ossification by tumor progression. Head Neck 2023. [PMID: 37353470 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ossified cartilage is much more susceptible to cancer infiltration, but the reason remains unknown, and the relationship between the ossification pattern and cancer infiltration has not been studied. METHODS The presence of thyroid cartilage ossification, cancer infiltration, ossification pattern (usual: direction from inferior to superior; unusual: other than the usual pattern), and distance between cancer and ossified cartilage were evaluated in laryngectomy specimens. RESULTS There were 28 and 27 cases of usual and unusual patterns, respectively. There was no association between ossification pattern and cancer infiltration. However, the distance between the ossified area and cancer cells was greater in the usual pattern than in the unusual pattern (p = 0.006). And the usual pattern was more frequently observed in cases with a distance >1 mm than in cases with cancer infiltration or a distance ≤1 mm (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION These results suggest the possibility of an active ossification due to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Na Sung
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ja Cho
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Sim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sganzerla Martinez G, Kelvin DJ. Convergence in Mobility Data Sets From Apple, Google, and Meta. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e44286. [PMID: 37347516 DOI: 10.2196/44286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The higher movement of people was one of the variables that contributed to the spread of the infectious agent SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments worldwide responded to the virus by implementing measures that would restrict people's movements, and consequently, the spread of the disease. During the onset of the pandemic, the technology companies Apple, Google, and Meta used their infrastructure to anonymously gather mobility reports from their users. OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare mobility data reports collected by Apple, Google, and Meta (formerly Facebook) during the COVID-19 pandemic and a major winter storm in Texas in 2021. We aim to explore the hypothesis that different people exhibit similar mobility trends during dramatic events and to emphasize the importance of this type of data for public health measures. The study also aims to promote evidence for companies to continue releasing mobility trends data, given that all 3 companies have discontinued these services. METHODS In this study, we collected mobility data spanning from 2020 to 2022 from 3 major tech companies: Apple, Google, and Meta. Our analysis focused on 58 countries that are common to all 3 databases, enabling us to conduct a comprehensive global-scale analysis. By using the winter storm that occurred in Texas in 20201 as a benchmark, we were able to assess the robustness of the mobility data obtained from the 3 companies and ensure the integrity of our findings. RESULTS Our study revealed convergence in the mobility trends observed across different companies during the onset of significant disasters, such as the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the winter storm that impacted Texas in 2021. Specifically, we observed strong positive correlations (r=0.96) in the mobility data collected from different tech companies during the first year of the pandemic. Furthermore, our analysis of mobility data during the 2021 winter storm in Texas showed a similar convergence of trends. Additionally, we found that periods of stay-at-home orders were reflected in the data, with record-low mobility and record-high stay-at-home figures. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide valuable insights into the ways in which major disruptive events can impact patterns of human mobility; moreover, the convergence of data across distinct methodologies highlights the potential value of leveraging mobility data from multiple sources for informing public health decision-making. Therefore, we conclude that the use of mobility data is an asset for health authorities to consider during natural disasters, as we determined that the data sets from 3 companies yielded convergent mobility patterns. Comparatively, data obtained from a single source would be limited, and therefore, more difficult to interpret, requiring careful analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killam Health Center, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - David J Kelvin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killam Health Center, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Hambalek H, Matuz M, Ruzsa R, Engi Z, Visnyovszki Á, Papfalvi E, Hajdú E, Doró P, Viola R, Soós G, Csupor D, Benko R. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ambulatory Care Antibiotic Use in Hungary: A Population-Based Observational Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:970. [PMID: 37370289 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions have potentially impacted the use of antibiotics. We aimed to analyze the use of systemic antibiotics (J01) in ambulatory care in Hungary during two pandemic years, to compare it with pre-COVID levels (January 2015-December 2019), and to describe trends based on monthly utilization. Our main findings were that during the studied COVID-19 pandemic period, compared to the pre-COVID level, an impressive 23.22% decrease in the use of systemic antibiotics was detected in ambulatory care. A significant reduction was shown in the use of several antibacterial subgroups, such as beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins (J01C, -26.3%), and quinolones (J01M, -36.5%). The trends of antibiotic use moved in parallel with the introduction or revoking of restriction measures with a nadir in May 2020, which corresponded to a 55.46% decrease in use compared to the previous (pre-COVID) year's monthly means. In general, the systemic antibiotic use (J01) was lower compared to the pre-COVID periods' monthly means in almost every studied pandemic month, except for three months from September to November in 2021. The seasonal variation of antibiotic use also diminished. Active agent level analysis revealed an excessive use of azithromycin, even after evidence of ineffectiveness for COVID-19 emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Hambalek
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Central Pharmacy Department, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Matuz
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Central Pharmacy Department, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roxána Ruzsa
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Engi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Visnyovszki
- Department of Internal Medicine Infectiology Unit, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Állomás Street 1-3, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Papfalvi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine Infectiology Unit, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Állomás Street 1-3, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Hajdú
- Department of Internal Medicine Infectiology Unit, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Állomás Street 1-3, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Doró
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Réka Viola
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Central Pharmacy Department, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyvér Soós
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ria Benko
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Central Pharmacy Department, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Emergency Department, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Semmelweis Street 6, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Choi Y, Lee DH. The Pattern of Injuries in the Emergency Room during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101483. [PMID: 37239769 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has obviously caused a remarkable change in patients' emergency department (ED) visits; however, data from multicenter studies are lacking. We aimed to present a comprehensive analysis of injury-related ED visits in Republic of Korea before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 23 tertiary hospitals based on Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance were used for this retrospective cross-sectional study. A total of 541,515 ED visits (age ≥ 20 years) between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2020 were included, and the trend of injuries related to motor vehicular accidents, falls, self-harm and suicide, assault, and poisoning were compared between the pre-COVID-19 time period and during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In the first year of the COVID-19 period, a decline in the number of ED visits was observed (41,275, 21%) compared to the previous year. Injuries caused by motor vehicles (36,332 in 2019 vs. 27,144 in 2020), falls and slips (61,286 in 2019 vs. 49,156 in 2020), assaults (10,528 in 2019 vs. 8067 in 2020), and poisonings (7859 in 2019 vs. 7167 in 2020) decreased, whereas self-harm and suicide (8917 in 2019 vs. 8911 in 2020) remained unchanged. The hospitalization (16.6% in 2019 vs. 18.8% in 2020) and ED mortality rate (0.6% in 2019 vs. 0.8% in 2020) also increased. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in the overall number of trauma patients seeking medical care; however, the proportion of patients requiring hospitalization or intensive care unit admission increased, indicating more severe injuries among those who did seek care. Suicide attempt rates remained unchanged, highlighting the need for targeted care and support for vulnerable patients. During the pandemic, EDs had to continue to provide care to patients with medical emergencies unrelated to COVID-19, which requires a delicate and adaptable approach to ED operations. To manage the increased stress and workload caused by the pandemic, increased resources and support for healthcare workers were needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhyung Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk Hee Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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Botz J, Lohner V, Schirmer MD. Spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities: a systematic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1165324. [PMID: 37251801 PMCID: PMC10214839 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1165324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background White matter hyperintensities are an important marker of cerebral small vessel disease. This disease burden is commonly described as hyperintense areas in the cerebral white matter, as seen on T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging data. Studies have demonstrated associations with various cognitive impairments, neurological diseases, and neuropathologies, as well as clinical and risk factors, such as age, sex, and hypertension. Due to their heterogeneous appearance in location and size, studies have started to investigate spatial distributions and patterns, beyond summarizing this cerebrovascular disease burden in a single metric-its volume. Here, we review the evidence of association of white matter hyperintensity spatial patterns with its risk factors and clinical diagnoses. Design/methods We performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Statement. We used the standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging criteria to construct a search string for literature search on PubMed. Studies written in English from the earliest records available until January 31st, 2023, were eligible for inclusion if they reported on spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin. Results A total of 380 studies were identified by the initial literature search, of which 41 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. These studies included cohorts based on mild cognitive impairment (15/41), Alzheimer's disease (14/41), Dementia (5/41), Parkinson's disease (3/41), and subjective cognitive decline (2/41). Additionally, 6 of 41 studies investigated cognitively normal, older cohorts, two of which were population-based, or other clinical findings such as acute ischemic stroke or reduced cardiac output. Cohorts ranged from 32 to 882 patients/participants [median cohort size 191.5 and 51.6% female (range: 17.9-81.3%)]. The studies included in this review have identified spatial heterogeneity of WMHs with various impairments, diseases, and pathologies as well as with sex and (cerebro)vascular risk factors. Conclusion The results show that studying white matter hyperintensities on a more granular level might give a deeper understanding of the underlying neuropathology and their effects. This motivates further studies examining the spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Botz
- Computational Neuroradiology, Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Valerie Lohner
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology of Aging, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus D. Schirmer
- Computational Neuroradiology, Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Altamirano-Silva P, Meza-Torres J, Zúñiga-Pereira AM, Zamora-Jaen S, Pietrosemoli N, Cantos G, Peltier J, Pizarro-Cerdá J, Moreno E, Chacón-Díaz C, Guzmán-Verri C, Chaves-Olarte E. Phenotypes controlled by the Brucella abortus two component system BvrR/BvrS are differentially impacted by BvrR phosphorylation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1148233. [PMID: 37234533 PMCID: PMC10206243 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1148233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella abortus is a zoonotic pathogen whose virulence depends on its ability to survive intracellularly at the endoplasmic reticulum derived compartment. The two-component system BvrR/BvrS (BvrRS) is essential for intracellular survival due to the transcriptional control of the type IV secretion system VirB and its transcriptional regulator VjbR. It is a master regulator of several traits including membrane homeostasis by controlling gene expression of membrane components, such as Omp25. BvrR phosphorylation is related to DNA binding at target regions, thereby repressing or activating gene transcription. To understand the role of BvrR phosphorylation we generated dominant positive and negative versions of this response regulator, mimicking phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated BvrR states and, in addition to the wild-type version, these variants were introduced in a BvrR negative background. We then characterized BvrRS-controlled phenotypes and assessed the expression of proteins regulated by the system. We found two regulatory patterns exerted by BvrR. The first pattern was represented by resistance to polymyxin and expression of Omp25 (membrane conformation) which were restored to normal levels by the dominant positive and the wild-type version, but not the dominant negative BvrR. The second pattern was represented by intracellular survival and expression of VjbR and VirB (virulence) which were, again, complemented by the wild-type and the dominant positive variants of BvrR but were also significantly restored by complementation with the dominant negative BvrR. These results indicate a differential transcriptional response of the genes controlled to the phosphorylation status of BvrR and suggest that unphosphorylated BvrR binds and impacts the expression of a subset of genes. We confirmed this hypothesis by showing that the dominant negative BvrR did not interact with the omp25 promoter whereas it could interact with vjbR promoter. Furthermore, a global transcriptional analysis revealed that a subset of genes responds to the presence of the dominant negative BvrR. Thus, BvrR possesses diverse strategies to exert transcriptional control on the genes it regulates and, consequently, impacting on the phenotypes controlled by this response regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Altamirano-Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jazmín Meza-Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ana Mariel Zúñiga-Pereira
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Sigrid Zamora-Jaen
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Natalia Pietrosemoli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, CNRS USR3756, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Cantos
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Johann Peltier
- Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, CNRS UMR6047, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Javier Pizarro-Cerdá
- Yersinia Research Unit, CNRS UMR6047, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Edgardo Moreno
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos Chacón-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Caterina Guzmán-Verri
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Esteban Chaves-Olarte
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Alqarni MM, Alaskari AA, Al Zomia AS, Moqbil AM, Alshahrani YS, Lahiq L, Alshahrani SS, Alqahtani AA, Alqarni AM. Epidemiology and Pattern of Orthopedic Trauma in Children and Adolescents: Implications for Injury Prevention. Cureus 2023; 15:e39482. [PMID: 37378247 PMCID: PMC10291956 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthopedic injuries are prevalent in children and can result in hospitalization and damage. The number of accidental injuries among children increases every year, leading to a huge burden on communities and health institutions. AIM This study aimed to assess the epidemiological pattern of orthopedic trauma among children and adolescents in Abha, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A retrospective record-based study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological pattern of orthopedic trauma among children and adolescents treated at Abha Maternity and Children Hospital in Saudi Arabia, a traumatic center for pediatric patients. The study covered all children and adolescents treated at the hospital for orthopedic trauma. The parents of the children and adolescents were called to get their consent to participate in the study. The following data were extracted from the medical files: personal information, medical history, trauma-related details, management, hospitalization, and complications. RESULTS A total of 295 children and adolescents were included. The mean ± standard deviation age was 6.8 ± 3.1 years old (range 1 month to 13 years). Of the patients, 186 (63.1%) were male. The most reported causes of traumas were fall from height (48.1%) and injury while playing (19.7%). The most affected body parts included the forearm (22.4%), head (21.7%), thigh (20%), and leg (10.8%). The vast majority of the children and adolescents (87.1%) had no complications. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that pediatric orthopedic injuries are not rare, and there is a higher likelihood of injuries among young male children. Fall from height and play-associated injuries are the most frequent causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mofarah Alqarni
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | - Lama Lahiq
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
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Sharma N, Kumar Sv V, Mangal DK, Sharma Y, Bairwa M, Babu BV. Pattern of Road Traffic Injuries and Their Pre-hospitalization Factors Reported at a Public Tertiary Healthcare Facility and Rural Private Healthcare Facility in Rajasthan, India. Cureus 2023; 15:e39390. [PMID: 37378110 PMCID: PMC10292160 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to report the pattern of road traffic injuries (RTIs) and pre-hospitalization factors of road traffic injuries among the accident victims reported at an urban and a rural healthcare facility in the Jaipur district, Rajasthan. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary-level, urban public healthcare facility in Jaipur city and a secondary-level, rural private facility in nearby Chomu town. The study participants were all those who encountered road traffic injury and visited any of these healthcare facilities to seek care. The study tool included information on demographics, type of road user, vehicles, accidents, roads, environment, and other pre-hospitalization factors. Data collectors were nurses trained to collect data using the tablet-based application. Data were analyzed using proportions/percentages. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the significance of differences between categories of factors and between rural and urban facilities. RESULTS Among 4,642 cases, 93.8% were enrolled in the urban facility, and the remaining were enrolled in the rural facility. Predominantly, males (83.9%) and young adults 18-34 years (58.9%) were reported in both study facilities. Among the accident victims reported at the urban facility, major groups were educated up to the primary level (25.1%) or graduate level (21.9%). About 60% of them were drivers. Most of these injuries occurred on urban roads (50.2%) or two-lane roads (42%). About three-fourths of the injured were using two-wheeler geared vehicles, and 46.7% were overtaking or turning the vehicle when the accident happened. The majority of cases (61.6%) did not require hospitalization. Among the rural facility participants, 27.2% were graduates, and 24.7% were below primary education. Most of these injuries happened on the national highway (35.8%) or rural roads (33.3%). Most of them used two-wheeler geared (80.1%) at the time of the accident. Most were injured while doing normal straight driving (80.5%). Most participants (80.1%) in the rural facility did not follow the traffic rules, and 43.9% required hospitalization. CONCLUSION Young males were the most affected age group by road traffic injuries. Differential patterns of road traffic injuries and pre-hospital factors were observed in urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sharma
- School of Public Health, IIHMR University, Jaipur, IND
| | | | - Daya K Mangal
- School of Public Health, IIHMR University, Jaipur, IND
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Division of Socio-Behavioural, Health Systems and Implementation Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, IND
| | - Mohan Bairwa
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND
| | - Bontha V Babu
- Division of Socio-Behavioural, Health Systems and Implementation Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, IND
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Liu L, Yang H, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Piao J, Dai Y, Cai B, Shen W, Cao K, Chen S. Photo patternable and Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Electrodes for Flexible Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:21344-21353. [PMID: 37096872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) constitute an emerging technology opening new opportunities in the fields of lighting and display for portable and wearable electronics. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stryrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as one of the most promising flexible electrode materials has attracted extensive attention. However, the patterning and conductivity issues of PEDOT:PSS electrodes should be addressed primarily. Here, a photopolymerizable additive is proposed to endow the PEDOT:PSS electrodes with photopatternability. Moreover, this additive can also improve the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS electrode from 0.16 to 627 S/cm because of the phase separation between PEDOT and PSS components and conformation transition of PEDOT chains. Eventually, highly conductive PEDOT:PSS electrodes with various patterns are applied in flexible PeLEDs, demonstrating a high luminance of 25972 cd/m2 and a current efficiency of 25.1 cd/A. This work provides a facile and effective method of patterning and improving the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS electrodes simultaneously, demonstrating the great potential of PEDOT:PSS electrodes in flexible perovskite optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhongjin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junxian Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yujun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shufen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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Arredondo Montero J, Bronte Anaut M, Bardají Pascual C. Extensive Keloid and Hypertrophic Mixed Scarring Pattern in Ear Lobes of a 14-Year-Old African Female: A Case Report. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:270-274. [PMID: 35620898 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2080310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Massive earlobe scarring/keloid formation can occur after ear piercing in individuals of African descent. Case report: A 14-year-old African girl with pierced ears in childhood presented with two progressively growing and disfiguring tumors on both earlobes. The maximum diameter of each lesion was 5.5 centimeters, and the weight of each lesion was approximately 20 grams. Histologically, there was a mixed pattern of keloid and hypertrophic scarring. Discussion: Massive keloids can occur after ear piercing in childhood. It is unclear why some individuals develop these massive keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mónica Bronte Anaut
- Pathology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Carlos Bardají Pascual
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Kumar R, Sheikh NA, Bashar MA, Vasudeva A, Kumar A, Yadav A, Gupta SK. Epidemio-toxicological profile of fatal poisoning cases autopsied at a tertiary care centre of North India. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:701-707. [PMID: 37312762 PMCID: PMC10259564 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1974_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poisoning is an important health hazard and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide including in India. The study was conducted to understand the magnitude, pattern, and gender differentials of all poisoning fatalities in relation to the manner of death autopsied at a tertiary care center. Methods A retrospective study of all fatal poisoning cases autopsied at the department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology of a tertiary care institute in Northern India for the period 1st January 1998 to 31st December 2017 was conducted, and a profile of the victims of fatal poisoning was prepared. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The study included a total of 1099 cases of fatal poisoning autopsied at the department of Forensic medicine & Toxicology. Suicidal poisoning was reported in 90.2% of cases and accidental poisoning was seen in 8.9% of cases. Males were predominantly affected (63.8%). The majority of the victims were in the 3rd decade (40.0%) of life. The age of the victims ranged from 2 to 82 years with a mean age of 38.4 years. Agrochemical compounds were implicated in 44.4% of the total fatalities. Conclusion Males in the 2nd to 4th decades of life were more prone to self-poisoning with Agrochemical compounds in the region of North India. Accidental poisoning deaths were uncommon and poisoning was not a preferred method of homicide in this region. Our approach to the study reveals that quantitative chemical (toxicological) analysis is required to further strengthen and improve the databases of the epidemiology of poisoning in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Nishat Ahmed Sheikh
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mohammad Abu Bashar
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhimanyu Vasudeva
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, India
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Lin L, Chen X, Huang L, Zhong C, Wu M, Wang W, Wang H, Yang S, Cao X, Xiong G, Yang X, Hao L, Sun G, Yang N. Patterns of maternal gestational weight gain in association with allergic diseases in offspring: A prospective cohort study. BJOG 2023. [PMID: 36938832 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between patterns of gestational weight gain (GWG) and allergic diseases in offspring. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Prenatal clinics in Wuhan, China. POPULATION A cohort of 2546 mother and offspring pairs were enrolled before 16 weeks of gestation and followed up to 24 months postpartum. METHODS Maternal body weights were measured regularly during pregnancy, and their GWG patterns were estimated using the growth mixture model. Robust Poisson models were used to evaluate relative risk (RR) and 95% CI after multivariable adjustment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Offspring atopic allergy and allergic contact dermatitis were defined according to a physician's diagnosis reported by the mother, and food allergy was reported by the mother. RESULTS Three GWG patterns were identified: 18.1% (461) of the women were described as pattern 1, characterised by rapid GWG earlier in pregnancy; 56.6% (1442) of the women were described as pattern 2, with steady GWG throughout pregnancy; and 25.3% (643) of the women was described as pattern 3, with rapid GWG later in pregnancy. By the age of 24 months, 360 (14.1%), 109 (4.3%) and 757 (29.7%) offspring had atopic allergy, allergic contact dermatitis or food allergy, respectively. Compared with women in GWG pattern 2, the RRs (95% CIs) among women in pattern 1 were 0.74 (0.55-0.99) for atopic allergy, 0.64 (0.36-1.15) for allergic contact dermatitis and 0.95 (0.81-1.12) for food allergy. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GWG pattern characterised by rapid GWG earlier in pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of atopic allergy in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunrong Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanzhuo Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyu Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoping Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Nianhong Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is a novel, highly infectious, and potentially fatal communicable pandemic disease. It has taken longer to reach Africa than the other continents. OBJECTIVE To examine the pattern of COVID-19 in the Horn of Africa countries from March to December 2020. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study in which the total number of daily reported cases and deaths were collected from the official website of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Worldometer. Data were standardized based on the total population provided by World Population Prospects 2020 per million. Data sources of WHO reports and governmental reports from March to December 2020 were analyzed in this study. Data extraction was done using the microsoft excel spreadsheet tool, variables relating to the countries were computed in terms of frequencies and percentages. RESULTS The findings revealed that as of 31st December 2020, 136,129 (7590 per million) cases were reported from the four countries in the Horn of Africa. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) in the Horn of Africa was 1.14%. The majority of the cases were reported from Djibouti (77.20%), followed by Ethiopia (14.07%), Eritrea (4.87%), and Somalia (3.86%). The highest case fatality rate (0.81%) was from Djibouti, and the lowest (0.01%) was from Eritrea. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 among the Horn of African countries seems to have slow progress, given the prevalence of the new infections remains low, and the death toll seems stable throughout the study periods, except for Djibouti. Hence, the prevention control measures implemented in the countries should be further strengthened and supported. It is recommended that relevant stakeholders responsible for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic should put up measures to curb the spread of the virus in the region and set up a crisis management system to combat future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Teweldeberhan Ghebremichael
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Department of Biology, Mai Nefhi College of Science, Mai-Nefhi, Eritrea
| | - Rezene Habte Tewolde
- Department of Biology, Mai Nefhi College of Science, Mai-Nefhi, Eritrea
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Amanuel Kidane Andegiorgish
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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Kelkar J, Kelkar A, Thakur P, Jain HH, Kelkar S. The epidemiology and disease pattern of pediatric ocular morbidities in Western India: The National Institute of OphthalMology AmBlyopia StUdy in Indian Paediatric EyeS (NIMBUS) study report 1. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:941-945. [PMID: 36872714 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2759_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the pattern of pediatric ocular morbidities in western India. Methods This was a retrospective longitudinal study that included all consecutive children aged ≤15 years who presented to the outpatient department of a tertiary eye center for the first time. Patient demographics, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and ocular examination data were compiled. Subgroup analysis was also performed based on age group (years): ≤5, 5-10, and >10-15. Results A total of 11,126 eyes of 5563 children were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 5.15 (±3.32) years with males (57.07%) being predominant. Approximately half of the patients (50.19%) were under the age of 5 years, followed by those aged 5-10 years (45.1%) and >10-15 years (4.71%). Among the study eyes, the BCVA was ≥20/60 in 58.57%, indeterminable in 35.16%, and <20/60 in 6.71%. The commonest ocular morbidity noted was refractive error (28.97%) followed by allergic conjunctivitis (7.64%) and strabismus (4.95%) in the total study cohort and also after age stratification. Conclusion Refractive error, allergic conjunctivitis, and strabismus are the major causes of ocular morbidity in pediatric eyes at a tertiary care center. Planning screening programs at the regional and national levels is crucial to decreasing the burden of eye disorders. These programs also need to have a suitable referral mechanism established and be smoothly connected to primary and secondary health-care centers. This will help to assure quality eye care delivery, while also reducing the strain of overworked tertiary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Kelkar
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aditya Kelkar
- Department of Vitreoretinal Services, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prajakta Thakur
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harsh H Jain
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreekant Kelkar
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Ma Z, Chen C, Shang X, Yue J, Jiang H. Comparison of lymph node metastasis pattern from esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma versus very low thoracic esophageal squamous cancer: a propensity-matched analysis. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:442-451. [PMID: 36910061 PMCID: PMC9992631 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The anatomical locations of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (AEG) and very low thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are similar. This study aimed to evaluate the difference in lymph node metastasis (LNM) distribution between AEG and very low thoracic ESCC. Methods Data from 156 Siewert I-II AEG patients and 120 ESCC patients with proximal edges located within 5 cm of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) and underwent curative surgery from 2010 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed using propensity score matching (PSM). Five or six baseline variables were included in PSM separately. All patients underwent curative transthoracic surgery and systematic lymphadenectomy. After PSM, LNM rates of major stations were compared using the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. Results After PSM was performed with covariates (age, sex, T stage, grade, tumor length), 60 pairs of patients were included. The lower mediastinal and total thoracic LNM rates of ESCC were significantly higher than those of AEG (18.3% vs. 3.3%, P=0.019; 25% vs. 3.3%, P=0.002). After further addition of the N stage as a variant to the previous PSM model, we found that the paracardial LNM distribution was significantly different between ESCC and AEG patients (36.1% vs. 19.7%, P=0.043). Among all tumor characteristics, only the T stage was positively correlated with paracardial LNM in ESCC (P=0.010), but not in AEG. In AEG, the median survival was poor for patients with thoracic LNM. Conclusions Patients with very low thoracic ESCC exhibit stronger metastatic ability in the lower mediastinal and paracardial nodes than Siewert I-II AEG. However, the pathological metastasis of AEG in thoracic nodes was associated with poor survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ma
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuangui Chen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobin Shang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yue
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjing Jiang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
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Zhang J, Fang Y, Zheng H, Fan S, Du T. The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Food Production and Self-Sufficiency in China from 1978 to 2020: From the Perspective of Calories. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050956. [PMID: 36900474 PMCID: PMC10001151 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ensuring national food security is an eternal topic. We unified six categories of food with calorie content including grain, oil, sugar, fruits and vegetables, animal husbandry, and aquatic products on the basis of provincial-level data, and we dynamically evaluated caloric production capacity and the supply-demand equilibrium under the increase in feed-grain consumption as well as the food losses and waste in China from 1978 to 2020 at four different levels. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of food production, the total national calorie production showed a linear growth trend, with a growth rate of 31.7 × 1012 kcal/year, of which the proportion of grain crops has always exceeded 60%. Most provinces showed significant increasing trends in food calorific production, except for Beijing, Shanghai, and Zhejiang, which showed slightly decreasing trends. The distribution pattern of food calories and their growth rate were high in the east and low in the west. (2) From the perspective of the food supply-demand equilibrium, the national food calorie supply has been in surplus since 1992, but significant spatial heterogeneity is detected, with the Main Marketing Region changing from a tight balance to a short surplus, North China always remaining in calorie shortage, and 15 provinces still presenting supply and demand gaps up to 2020, necessitating the establishment of a more efficient and faster flow and trade system. (3) The national food caloric center has shifted 204.67 km to the northeast, and the population center has shifted to the southwest. The reverse migration of the centers of food supply and demand will further aggravate the pressure on water and soil resources and cause higher requirements for ensuring the circulation and trade system of food supply. The results are of great significance for the timely adjustment of agricultural development policies, making rational use of natural advantages and ensuring China's food security and sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-1178-9581
| | - Hua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shenggen Fan
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Taisheng Du
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Yang YF, Wu JH, Lin RL, Yin SJ, Qian GY, Wang W, Park YD. Study on the pattern of spermatogenesis during the breeding season of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis (Reptilia: Trionychidae). Reprod Fertil 2023; 4:RAF-22-0117. [PMID: 36852996 PMCID: PMC10083654 DOI: 10.1530/raf-22-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis (Reptilia: Trionychidae) is a typical seasonal breeding species and its spermatogenesis pattern is complex. In this study, the process of sperm cell development was studied using histology. The process of sperm cell development may be divided into six stages based on a combination of different cell types in the seminiferous epithelium. A close examination revealed two patterns of sperm cell development in the seminiferous tubules during the breeding season. The first is a normal sperm cell development pattern, in which the process of sperm cell development and maturation are completed in the seminiferous epithelium without round spermatozoa in the lumen. The second is rapid sperm cell development, in which the first batches of round spermatozoa fall off the seminiferous epithelium before they mature, thus beginning a second batch of sperm cell development. The round sperm cells are shed into the lumen and further mature in the seminiferous tubules and epididymis. This rapid sperm cell development process of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is rare in other vertebrate species and may be an adaptation to cope with seasonal breeding. The results of this study provide insight into the theory of seasonal reproduction in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
- Ningbo Jiangshan High School, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia-Hao Wu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Run-Lan Lin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guo-Ying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
- Skin Diseases Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China
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Bierla K, Godin S, Ladányi M, Dernovics M, Szpunar J. Isotopologue pattern based data mining for selenium species from HILIC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS-derived spectra. Metallomics 2023; 15:6887282. [PMID: 36496173 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Automated and specific picking of selenium-containing molecular entities has not been an obvious option for software tools associated with electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). In our study, a comprehensive pattern matching approach based on intra-isotopologue distance and isotopologue ratio data was critically evaluated in terms of reproducibility and selenium isotope selection on three samples, including selenized Torula yeast and the selenium hyperaccumulator plant Cardamine violifolia. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was applied to provide a one-step separation for water soluble metabolites to put an end to the need for either orthogonal setups or poor retention on reversed phase chromatography. Assistance from inductively coupled plasma-MS was taken only for chromatographic verification purposes, and the involvement of absolute mass defect (MD) data in selenometabolite-specific screening was assessed by multivariate statistical tools. High focus was placed on screening efficiency and on the validation of discovered selenized molecules to avoid reporting of artefacts. From the >1000 molecular entries detected, selenium-containing molecules were picked up with a recovery rate of >88% and a false positive rate of <10%. Isotop(ologu)e pairs of 78Se-80Se and 80Se-82Se proved to be the most performant in the detection. On the basis of accurate mass information and hypothetical deamination processes, elemental composition could be proposed for 72 species out of the 75 selenium species encountered without taking into account selenocompound databases. Absolute MD data were used to significantly differentiate a potentially sample-specific subgroup of false positive molecular entities from non-selenized and selenized entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bierla
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, UMR 5254, IPREM, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Simon Godin
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, UMR 5254, IPREM, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Márta Ladányi
- Institute of Mathematics and Basic Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Villányi út 29-43., 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Dernovics
- Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik u. 2., 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, UMR 5254, IPREM, 64053 Pau, France
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