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Heyder M, Kranz S, Beck J, Wettemann M, Hennig CL, Schulze-Späte U, Sigusch BW, Reise M. Influence of Layer Thickness and Shade on the Transmission of Light through Contemporary Resin Composites. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1554. [PMID: 38612069 PMCID: PMC11012366 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Material-dependent parameters have an important impact on the efficiency of light polymerization. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of the increment thickness and shade of nano- and nanohybrid resin composites on the transmission of curing light. METHODS Three contemporary resin composites were evaluated: Tetric EvoCeram® (TEC); Venus Diamond® (VD); and Filtek Supreme XTE® (FS XTE). Light transmission (LT) was recorded in accordance with the sample thickness (0.5 to 2.7 mm) and the shade. Polymerized samples were irradiated for 10 s each using the high-power LED curing light Celalux 2 (1900 mW/cm2). LT was simultaneously recorded using the MARC Patient Simulator (MARC-PS). RESULTS LT was strongly influenced by the composite layer thickness. For 0.5 mm-thick samples, a mean power density of 735 mW/cm2 was recorded at the bottom side. For the 2.7 mm samples, a mean power density of 107 mW/cm2 was measured. Only LT was markedly reduced in the case of darker shades. From A1 to A4, LT decreased by 39.3% for FS XTE and 50.8% for TEC. Dentin shades of FS XTE and TEC (A2, A4) showed the lowest LT. CONCLUSIONS The thickness and shade of resin composite increments strongly influences the transmission of curing light. More precise information about these parameters should be included in the manufacture manual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Stefan Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Julius Beck
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Marlene Wettemann
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Christoph-Ludwig Hennig
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Ulrike Schulze-Späte
- Section of Geriodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Bernd W. Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Markus Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospitals, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.H.); (J.B.); (M.R.)
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Vasina M, Straznicky P, Hrbacek P, Rusnakova S, Bosak O, Kubliha M. Investigation of Physical Properties of Polymer Composites Filled with Sheep Wool. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:690. [PMID: 38475373 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sheep farmers are currently facing an oversupply of wool and a lack of willing buyers. Due to low prices, sheep wool is often either dumped, burned, or sent to landfills, which are unsustainable and environmentally unfriendly practices. One potential solution is the utilization of sheep wool fibers in polymer composites. This paper focuses on the study of mechanical vibration damping properties, sound absorption, light transmission, electrical conductivity of epoxy (EP), polyurethane (PU), and polyester (PES) resins, each filled with three different concentrations of sheep wool (i.e., 0%, 3%, and 5% by weight). It can be concluded that the sheep wool content in the polymer composites significantly influenced their physical properties. The impact of light transmission through the tested sheep wool fiber-filled polymer composites on the quality of daylight in a reference room was also mathematically simulated using Wdls 5.0 software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vasina
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Straznicky
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrbacek
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Rusnakova
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Bosak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bottova 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Kubliha
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bottova 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia
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Cheibas I, Piccioni V, Lloret-Fritschi E, Leschok M, Schlüter A, Dilllenburger B, Gramazio F, Kohler M. Light Distribution in 3D-Printed Thermoplastics. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2023; 10:1164-1177. [PMID: 38116216 PMCID: PMC10726176 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2023.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Daylight distribution is an essential performance parameter for building facades that aim to maximize user comfort while maintaining energy efficiency. This study investigates the feasibility of using 3D-printed thermoplastic to improve daylight distribution and transmission. To identify how geometry influences light distribution and transmission, 12 samples with various patterns were robotically fabricated. In a physical simulation of spring, summer, and winter, a robotic arm was used to direct light onto the samples in both the vertical and horizontal print pattern directions. In addition, three samples of conventional facade materials, including a polycarbonate panel, a polycarbonate sheet, and a single sheet of glass, were compared with the 3D-printed samples. All samples were examined and compared using high dynamic range imaging to qualitatively characterize luminance. The data analysis demonstrated that 3D-printed geometry can successfully generate customizable diffusive light distribution based on the needs of the user. Furthermore, the results showed that the vertical pattern direction had higher light transmission values than the horizontal pattern direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Cheibas
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ena Lloret-Fritschi
- Academy of Architecture, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Arno Schlüter
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Gramazio
- Department of Architecture, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Jiang P, Yan J, Liu R, Zhang X, Fan S. Patterns of deep fine root and water utilization amongst trees, shrubs and herbs in subtropical pine plantations with seasonal droughts. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1275464. [PMID: 37799557 PMCID: PMC10548128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1275464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Seasonal droughts will become more severe and frequent under the context of global climate change, this would result in significant variations in the root distribution and water utilization patterns of plants. However, research on the determining factors of deep fine root and water utilization is limited. Methods We measured the fine root biomass and water utilization of trees, shrubs and herbs, and soil properties, light transmission, and community structure parameters in subtropical pine plantations with seasonal droughts. Results and Discussion We found that the proportion of deep fine roots (below 1 m depth) is only 0.2-5.1%, but that of deep soil water utilization can reach 20.9-38.6% during the dry season. Trees improve deep soil water capture capacity by enhancing their dominance in occupying deep soil volume, and enhance their deep resource foraging by increasing their branching capacity of absorptive roots. Shrubs and herbs showed different strategies for deep water competition: shrubs tend to exhibit a "conservative" strategy and tend to increase individual competitiveness, while herbs exhibited an "opportunistic" strategy and tend to increase variety and quantity to adapt to competitions. Conclusion Our results improve our understanding of different deep fine root distribution and water use strategies between overstory trees and understory vegetations, and emphasize the importance of deep fine root in drought resistance as well as the roles of deep soil water utilization in shaping community assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Jiang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinliang Yan
- Yangji Forest Farm (Yangtianshan Provincial Nature Reserve Protection Center) of Qingzhou, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Rongxin Liu
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Shoujin Fan
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
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Naujokaitis T, Khoramnia R, Łabuz G, Choi CY, Auffarth GU, Tandogan T. Imaging Function and Relative Light Transmission of Explanted Opacified Hydrophilic Acrylic Intraocular Lenses. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101804. [PMID: 37238287 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of intraocular lens (IOL) opacification on the optical performance of explanted hydrophilic acrylic IOLs. We performed a laboratory analysis of 32 Lentis LS-502-1 (Oculentis GmbH, Berlin, Germany) IOLs, explanted due to opacification, in comparison with six clear unused samples of the same IOL model. Using an optical bench setup, we obtained modulation transfer function (MTF), Strehl ratio, two-dimensional MTF, and United States Air Force (USAF) chart images. In addition, we assessed light transmission through the IOLs. The MTF values of opacified IOLs at 3-mm aperture were similar to those of clear lenses, with the median (interquartile range) values of 0.74 (0.01) vs. 0.76 (0.03) at the spatial frequency of 50 line pairs per millimeter in clear and opacified IOLs, respectively. The Strehl ratio of opacified lenses was not lower than that of clear lenses. The USAF-chart analysis showed a considerable reduction in brightness in opacified IOLs. The median (interquartile range) relative light transmission of opacified IOLs in comparison to clear lenses was 55.6% (20.8%) at the aperture size of 3 mm. In conclusion, the explanted opacified IOLs had comparable MTF values to those of clear lenses but significantly reduced light transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Naujokaitis
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramin Khoramnia
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Łabuz
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chul Young Choi
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Gerd U Auffarth
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tamer Tandogan
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Augenklinik Pallas, 4600 Olten, Switzerland
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Ilie N, Ionescu AC, Huth KC, Moldovan M. Light Transmission Characteristics and Cytotoxicity within A Dental Composite Color Palette. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16103773. [PMID: 37241400 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Modern light-cured, resin-based composites are offered in a wide range of shades and translucencies. This large variation, created by varying the amount and type of pigmentation and opacifiers, is essential to enable an esthetic restoration in each patient situation, but may affect light transmission in the deeper layers during curing. We quantified optical parameters and their real-time variation during curing for a 13-shade composite palette of identical chemical composition and microstructure. Incident irradiance and real-time light transmission through 2 mm thick samples were recorded to calculate absorbance, transmittance, and the kinetic of transmitted irradiance. Data were supplemented by the characterization of cellular toxicity to human gingival fibroblasts up to 3 months. The study highlights a strong dependence of light transmission and its kinetic as a function of shade, with the largest changes occurring within the first second of exposure; the faster changes, the darker and more opaque the material. Transmission differences within progressively darker shades of a pigmentation type (hue) followed a hue-specific, non-linear relationship. Shades with similar transmittance but belonging to different hues were identified, while the corresponding kinetic was identical only up to a transmittance threshold. A slight drop in absorbance was registered with increasing wavelength. None of the shades were cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Ilie
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Goethestrasse 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrei Cristian Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Karin Christine Huth
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Goethestrasse 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Meister J, Kaschuba N, Romer M, Bourauel C. Influence of Cementation on the Aesthetical Appearance of Full-Ceramic Restorations. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1236. [PMID: 36770241 PMCID: PMC9919653 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of dental ceramics as restorative materials requires corresponding luting materials (cements) that, in turn, influence the visual appearance of the restoration. Due to the high light transmission through the ceramics, the cements can affect the color perception of the dental restoration. This study aims to investigate the optical effects of various cements on the visual appearance of full-ceramic restorations. Three fixing polymer resins (Bifix SE (VOCO GmbH, Cuxhafen, Germany), BreezeTM (Pentron Clinical, West Collins Orange, CA, USA), and PanaviaTM F. 2.0 (Kuraray, Noritake, Osaka, Japan)), with layer thicknesses of 50, 100, 200, and 250 µm, were applied onto a ceramic base model (0.4 mm thick), and irradiated with laser light of wavelengths 532, 632.8, and 1064 nm. Light intensities and scattering effects of light of various wavelengths were angle-dependent, analyzed using a goniophotometer with perpendicular light incidence on the sample specimen (base model plus luting material). In addition, the transmitted power of the light through the sample specimen was determined as a function of the layer thickness. With increasing layer thickness, power losses of respectively 30% for Bifix SE and BreezeTM in the visible spectral range were comparable, whereas PanaviaTM F. 2.0 showed a power loss of ca. 44% here. For the near-infrared range, the power losses for all cements were 25%. This could be confirmed by the interpretation of the line widths. Moreover, the line widths for thin cement layer thicknesses (50 and 100 µm) in the visible spectral range displayed only a redistribution of light by scattering, which does not affect color perception at all. In addition, at 200 and 250 µm, absorption occurred which causes a change in color perception. Within the scope of this study, it could be shown that for thin-layer thicknesses of the cement applied here, there is no adverse optical effect on the aesthetic visual appearance of the restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Meister
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| | | | | | - Christoph Bourauel
- Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Oral Technology, Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
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Marovic D, Par M, Tauböck TT, Haugen HJ, Negovetic Mandic V, Wüthrich D, Burrer P, Zheng K, Attin T, Tarle Z, Boccaccini AR. Impact of Copper-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanospheres on the Polymerisation Kinetics and Shrinkage Stress of Dental Resin Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158195. [PMID: 35897771 PMCID: PMC9332616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We embedded copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanospheres (Cu-MBGN) with antibacterial and ion-releasing properties into experimental dental composites and investigated the effect of Cu-MBGN on the polymerisation properties. We prepared seven composites with a BisGMA/TEGDMA (60/40) matrix and 65 wt.% total filler content, added Cu-MBGN or a combination of Cu-MBGN and silanised silica to the silanised barium glass base, and examined nine parameters: light transmittance, degree of conversion (DC), maximum polymerisation rate (Rmax), time to reach Rmax, linear shrinkage, shrinkage stress (PSS), maximum PSS rate, time to reach maximum PSS rate, and depth of cure. Cu-MBGN without silica accelerated polymerisation, reduced light transmission, and had the highest DC (58.8 ± 0.9%) and Rmax (9.8 ± 0.2%/s), but lower shrinkage (3 ± 0.05%) and similar PSS (0.89 ± 0.07 MPa) versus the inert reference (0.83 ± 0.13 MPa). Combined Cu-MBGN and silica slowed the Rmax and achieved a similar DC but resulted in higher shrinkage. However, using a combined 5 wt.% Cu-MBGN and silica, the PSS resembled that of the inert reference. The synergistic action of 5 wt.% Cu-MBGN and silanised silica in combination with silanised barium glass resulted in a material with the highest likelihood for dental applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Marovic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.P.); Tel.: +385-14899203 (D.M. & M.P.)
| | - Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.P.); Tel.: +385-14899203 (D.M. & M.P.)
| | - Tobias T. Tauböck
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.T.); (D.W.); (P.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Håvard J. Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Visnja Negovetic Mandic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Damian Wüthrich
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.T.); (D.W.); (P.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Phoebe Burrer
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.T.); (D.W.); (P.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Kai Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Thomas Attin
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.T.); (D.W.); (P.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
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Labiris G, Panagiotopoulou EK, Taliantzis S, Perente A, Delibasis K, Doulos LT. Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:4553-4564. [PMID: 34866900 PMCID: PMC8638752 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s326139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Primary objective of present study is to introduce a contemporary methodology for the lighting standards update addressing both normophakic and pseudophakic patients. Methods For the sake of our study, we theoretically estimated the intraocular-to-crystalline lens iIluminance ratio (ICIR) and the intraocular lens (IOL) luminous efficiency function VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric. Then, in a sample of 24 pseudophakic patients (38 eyes) implanted with the trifocal diffractive IOL Panoptix (SG) and in a control group (CG) of 28 normophakic participants (50 eyes), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was measured at illuminance of 550lx (optimal UDVA). Following dark adaptation, illuminance was gradually raised from 20 lx until illuminance level that the patient reached his/her optimal UDVA. This measured illuminance at this point was defined as the minimum required illuminance level (MRIL). MRIL and UDVA for illuminance levels between 20 and 550lx in SG were compared with the corresponding values in CG. MRIL calculation allowed the construction of a predictive mathematical model that estimates the impact of environmental lighting on UDVA. Results ICIR for Panoptix eyes ranged from 54.00% to 55.99%. Both groups had significantly higher UDVA at 550lx compared to 20lx (p < 0.05). CG had significantly higher UDVA than SG at 20lx (7.20 letters, p = 0.045), while no significant difference was detected at 550lx (0.40 letters, p = 0.883). SG required significantly more illuminance than CG to maintain their UDVA (MRILSG= 191.05lx, MRILCG= 122lx, p = 0.007). Our predictive model suggests suboptimal UDVA in a series of lighting directives for normophakic and Panoptix eyes. Conclusion This is the first study to introduce the VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric and a mathematical model that quantifies the impact of illuminance on UDVA in normophakic and pseudophakic patients. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT04263636.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Labiris
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Sergios Taliantzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Asli Perente
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Delibasis
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, 35131, Greece
| | - Lambros T Doulos
- School of Applied Arts, Lighting Design, Hellenic Open University, Patras, 26335, Greece
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Chen G, Xu R, Yue B, Jia M, Li P, Ji M, Zhang S. A Parallel Comparison Method of Early Gastric Cancer: The Light Transmission-Assisted Pathological Examination of Specimens of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection. Front Oncol 2021; 11:705418. [PMID: 34414114 PMCID: PMC8370090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.705418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective It is always challenging to diagnose and characterize early gastric cancer surrounded by non-cancerous mucosa, including the malignant diagnosis and extent and depth of the lesions. Therefore, we developed a light transmission-assisted pathological examination to diagnose and characterize early gastric cancer. Here, we performed a parallel comparison between the light transmission-assisted pathological examination under endoscopy and the histological examination for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Methods First, the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) specimen was first placed on the surface of the light-emitting diode lamp to observe the mucosal surface structure and blood vessels. Second, the sliced and embedded tissue strips were cut into 3-µm sections for hematoxylin and eosin staining. Third, the histopathology of each section was projected onto a macroscopic image. Finally, the macroscopic and microscopic changes in the ESD specimens observed under endoscopy were compared. Seventy cases of early gastric adenocarcinoma were diagnosed and characterized using this new method. Results Using the conventional pathological method, the demarcation line of the lesions was seen in 40 of 70 (57.1%) cases. Furthermore, no surface structure or microvascular changes were observed in any of the cases. Based on the light transmission-assisted pathological examination, 58 of 70 (82.9%) cases presented clear edges of neoplastic and non-neoplastic epithelia, with a classifiable surface structure (88.6%) and microvascular type (78.8%). Conclusions This pilot method provided a practical bridge between endoscopic and pathological examinations. Compared to the histological examination, the light transmission-assisted pathological examination was an easier and more precise way to match the in vivo endoscopic observation and in vitro pathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Xia Y, Liu X, Qiang Z, Yang J, Zhang B, Hu Z, Wang Q, Wu W, Duan Y, Fu KK, Zhang J. Electric Field-Induced Assembly and Alignment of Silver-Coated Cellulose for Polymer Composite Films with Enhanced Dielectric Permittivity and Anisotropic Light Transmission. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24242-24249. [PMID: 32314564 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multifarious wearable electronics with flexible touch screens have been invented for extensive outdoor activities. One challenge associated with these wearable electronics is the development of materials with both high dielectric permittivity and anisotropic light transmission, which is responsible for high touch sensitivity and screen peep-proof protection, respectively. Herein, we demonstrated a scalable approach for assembling and aligning anisotropic cellulose in a polymer matrix through the thickness direction via the assistance of an electric field to address this challenge. The alignment of silver-coated fibrillated celluloses in the polymer matrix not only significantly increases dielectric permittivity but also effectively enhances optical anisotropy. The impact of alignment degree and filler content on the dielectric and optical properties of polymer composite films has been systematically studied. The kinetics and aligning mechanisms of silver-coated fibrillated celluloses are revealed by in situ optical microscope images while an electric field is applied. We believe that this study provides a facile strategy to enhance both dielectric permittivity and optical anisotropy of polymer composite films by the alignment of embedding nanoparticles via an AC electric field, which is essential for future flexible electronics and display technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers & Products, Ministry of Education, College of Science, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education and Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Jiying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Bailang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Zhendong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Weifei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Yongxin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Kun Kelvin Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
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12
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Varlet-Marie E, Vachoud L, Marion B, Roques C, Fidani T, Chevalier C, Mercier J, Raynaud de Mauverger E, Brun JF. Leg electrical resistance predicts venous blood viscosity and hematocrit. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 71:397-402. [PMID: 31006677 DOI: 10.3233/ch-199003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that whole body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements are correlated to some hemorheologic factors, suggesting a relationship between viscosity factors and electric properties of flowing blood not only in vitro but also in vivo. Recently we reported that with segmental BIA (analyzing the body considered as composed of 5 cylinders) predictive equations for various determinants of blood viscosity were closer than for the wole body. Another widely used BIA technique uses leg-to-leg impedance measurements so that two cylinders (the two legs) are analyzed. We investigated whether impedance measured with this technique (Tanita TBF-300) is also a predictor of blood viscosity factors. From viscometric measurements performed on venous blood drawn in recreative athletes over the range of shear rates 1 to 6000 s-1 (RHEOMETRE Anton Paar CP 50-1), we found a correlation between leg-leg resistance at 50 kHz (Rx[50 kHz]) and blood viscosity at 1000 s-1 (η1000= 0.0051 Rx[50 kHz] + 1.3265; r = 0.521 p = 0.028 yielding a prediction of η1000 (Bland Altman plot: bias 0.05 [RANGE - 0.24; 0.34]. Neither plasma viscosity nor the red cell rheology index «k» of Quemada's model are correlated with Rx[50 kHz], but hematocrit (Hct) does (Hct (%) = 0.0217 Rx[50 kHz] + 33.783; r = 0.480 p = 0.044) yielding a prediction of Hct (Bland Altman plot: bias - 0.11, [range - 1.67; 1.45]. The discrepancy between actual and predicted Hct is also correlated with resistance at 50 kHz (r = 0.575 p = 0.031) as does the discrepancy between actual and predicted Hct/viscosity ratio (r = -0.651 p = 0.006). Therefore, as other previously studied methods, leg to leg BIA predicts viscosity, suggesting that blood rheology may influence the passage of an electric current in the legs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Varlet-Marie
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Vachoud
- UMR QualiSud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Bénédicte Marion
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Roques
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Thibault Fidani
- U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS «Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP», Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, France
| | - Constance Chevalier
- U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS «Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP», Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS «Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP», Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Raynaud de Mauverger
- U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS «Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP», Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Frédéric Brun
- U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214 CNRS «Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP», Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHRU Montpellier, France
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McCutcheon K, Bandara AB, Zuo Z, Heflin JR, Inzana TJ. The Application of a Nanomaterial Optical Fiber Biosensor Assay for Identification of Brucella Nomenspecies. Biosensors (Basel) 2019; 9:E64. [PMID: 31117228 PMCID: PMC6627525 DOI: 10.3390/bios9020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria in the genus Brucella are the cause of brucellosis in humans and many domestic and wild animals. A rapid and culture-free detection assay to detect Brucella in clinical samples would be highly valuable. Nanomaterial optical fiber biosensors (NOFS) are capable of recognizing DNA hybridization events or other analyte interactions with high specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, a NOFS assay was developed to detect Brucella DNA from cultures and in tissue samples from infected mice. An ionic self-assembled multilayer (ISAM) film was coupled to a long-period grating optical fiber, and a nucleotide probe complementary to the Brucella IS711 region and modified with biotin was bound to the ISAM by covalent conjugation. When the ISAM/probe duplex was exposed to lysate containing ≥100 killed cells of Brucella, or liver or spleen tissue extracts from Brucella-infected mice, substantial attenuation of light transmission occurred, whereas exposure of the complexed fiber to non-Brucella gram-negative bacteria or control tissue samples resulted in negligible attenuation of light transmission. Oligonucleotide probes specific for B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis could also be used to detect and differentiate these three nomenspecies. In summary, the NOFS biosensor assay detected three nomenspecies of Brucella without the use of polymerase chain reaction within 30 min and could specifically detect low numbers of this bacterium in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly McCutcheon
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Aloka B Bandara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Ziwei Zuo
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - James R Heflin
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Thomas J Inzana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
- Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA.
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Hegedus G, Sarkadi T, Czigany T. Self-Sensing Polymer Composite: White-Light-Illuminated Reinforcing Fibreglass Bundle for Deformation Monitoring. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19071745. [PMID: 30979066 PMCID: PMC6479557 DOI: 10.3390/s19071745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of our research was to develop a continuous glass fibre-reinforced epoxy matrix self-sensing composite. A fibre bundle arbitrarily chosen from the reinforcing glass fabric in the composite was prepared to guide white light. The power of the light transmitted by the fibres changes as a result of tensile loading. In our research, we show that a selected fibre bundle even without any special preparation can be used as a sensor to detect deformation even before the composite structure is damaged (before fibre breaking).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Hegedus
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamas Sarkadi
- Department of Atomic Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki ut. 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Czigany
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA⁻BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology, Muegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
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Duran İ, Kaleli N, Ural Ç, Kavut İ. Evaluation of the light transmission of chairside polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramics in different shades and thicknesses. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2019; 17:2280800018807109. [PMID: 30803292 DOI: 10.1177/2280800018807109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the amount of polymerizing light passing through hybrid ceramic specimens in different shades and thicknesses. METHODS: Rectangular-shaped feldspathic ceramic computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks and translucent and high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic CAD-CAM blocks in four different shades (1M1, 1M2, 2M2, and 3M2) were sectioned in four different thicknesses (0.8, 1.5, 2, and 3 mm), and a total of 48 groups ( n = 10) were obtained. Feldspathic ceramic specimens served as the control group. The light transmission of each ceramic specimen was measured three times by using a light-emitting diode and a radiometer. Data were statistically analyzed by using univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey honest significant difference, and Tamhane T2 tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) lower light transmission values than high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic and feldspathic ceramic specimens, whereas feldspathic ceramic specimens exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) higher light transmission than translucent and high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens. The amount of light transmission significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased when the shade value decreased and the thickness increased. CONCLUSIONS: Polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens showed lower light transmission values than feldspathic ceramic specimens, and the amount of light transmission was affected by the ceramic shade and thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Duran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Necati Kaleli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Ural
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - İdris Kavut
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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16
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Ahmadi L, Hao X, Tsao R. The effect of greenhouse covering materials on phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of tomato cultivars. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:4427-4435. [PMID: 29435999 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of light transmission (direct and diffuse) on the phenolic compounds of five tomato cultivars was investigated under controlled conditions in greenhouses covered with different covering materials. RESULTS The type of covering material and type of diffusion of light simultaneously affected the reducing power of cultivars. Two-way analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences in total phenolic content for the different cultivars (P < 0.05) but not for the covering materials. Analysis by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry showed the presence of major phenolic acid compounds such as chlorogenic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid/rutin, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid as well as flavonoid compounds such as myricetin, quercetin and naringenin. Most of the identified compounds showed a significant difference in different treatments due to both cultivar and covering material (P < 0.05). Statistical analysis showed that the type of covering material used influenced the total carotenoid and lycopene content (P < 0.05); however, the amount of lutein was not influenced by the type of covering material (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that the use of solar energy transmission could positively affect the reducing power of cultivars and alter the biosynthesis of certain phytochemicals that are health-beneficial. Further study could lead to applications for producing greenhouse vegetables with greater health attributes. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifeh Ahmadi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiuming Hao
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Chan MV, Leadbeater PD, Watson SP, Warner TD. Not all light transmission aggregation assays are created equal: qualitative differences between light transmission and 96-well plate aggregometry. Platelets 2018; 29:686-689. [PMID: 29715047 PMCID: PMC6178086 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1466388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this short article, submitted as part of the review on platelet function testing, we illustrate the quantitative and qualitative differences between classical light transmission aggregometry (LTA) and 96-well plate aggregometry. We show that responses to platelet agonists and antagonists differ depending upon the method of aggregation testing. For example, in 96-well aggregometry, responses to collagen are strongly inhibited by P2Y12 receptor antagonists while in LTA they are much less affected. Furthermore, we explore the importance of differences in the mechanical environment upon platelet aggregation. We emphasize that LTA and 96-well aggregometry are not interchangeable assays. These two assays are best used as complementary tests to explore platelet function in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa V Chan
- a The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry , Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | | | - Steve P Watson
- c Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Timothy D Warner
- a The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry , Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
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18
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Alves Morgan LFDS, Pinotti MB, Ferreira FM, Gomes GM, Silva GC, Albuquerque RDC, Moreira AN. Influence of light transmission through fiber posts: Quantitative analysis, microhardness, and on bond strength of a resin cement. Indian J Dent Res 2018; 29:74-80. [PMID: 29442091 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_792_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Light transmission (LT) into deeper areas of the dentin root is limited. Aim The aim of this study is to perform a quantitative investigation of the radial transmission of light (LT) through different fiber posts and its influence on the Knoop hardness number (KHN) and bond strength (BS) of a dual-cure self-adhesive resin cement at 3 different depths. Materials and Methods Four types of fiber posts (2 translucent and 2 conventional) were used. LT and KHN analyses were performed in a specially designed matrix, which allowed measurements at 3 different depths. LT was measured using a volt-ampere meter while KHN tests were performed in a microhardness tester. For BS analysis, endodontically treated bovine roots were divided into 4 groups, each group receiving one type of post. After cementation, cross sections of the root were tested for resistance to displacement using a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed by using this ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results For LT, translucent posts showed significantly higher values at all depths compared to the conventional ones. For all posts, LT decreased at the deeper depths. The KHN results showed no statistical differences among the different posts, regardless of depth. For BS, a translucent post showed the highest values, and comparative analyses between the different depths of posts also showed statistically significant differences while comparisons among the different depths of the same post showed no differences. Conclusions LT depended on the type of post and on depth. The type of post did not significantly influence the cement KHN. A translucent post showed higher BS in pooled data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Barbosa Pinotti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Mongruel Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Costa Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Hegedűs G, Sarkadi T, Czigány T. Analysis of the Light Transmission Ability of Reinforcing Glass Fibers Used in Polymer Composites. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:E637. [PMID: 28772996 DOI: 10.3390/ma10060637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This goal of our research was to show that E-glass fiber bundles used for reinforcing composites can be enabled to transmit light in a common resin without any special preparation (without removing the sizing). The power of the transmitted light was measured and the attenuation coefficient, which characterizes the fiber bundle, was determined. Although the attenuation coefficient depends on temperature and the wavelength of the light, it is independent of the power of incident light, the quality of coupling, and the length of the specimen. The refractive index of commercially available transparent resins was measured and it was proved that a resin with a refractive index lower than that of the fiber can be used to make a composite whose fibers are capable of transmitting light. The effects of temperature, compression of the fibers, and the shape of fiber ends on the power of transmitted light were examined. The measurement of emitted light can provide information about the health of the fibers. This can be the basis of a simple health monitoring system in the case of general-purpose composite structures.
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20
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Yetisen AK, Jiang N, Fallahi A, Montelongo Y, Ruiz‐Esparza GU, Tamayol A, Zhang YS, Mahmood I, Yang S, Kim KS, Butt H, Khademhosseini A, Yun S. Glucose-Sensitive Hydrogel Optical Fibers Functionalized with Phenylboronic Acid. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1606380. [PMID: 28195436 PMCID: PMC5921932 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel optical fibers are utilized for continuous glucose sensing in real time. The hydrogel fibers consist of poly(acrylamide-co-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) cores functionalized with phenylboronic acid. The complexation of the phenylboronic acid and cis-diol groups of glucose enables reversible changes of the hydrogel fiber diameter. The analyses of light propagation loss allow for quantitative glucose measurements within the physiological range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali K. Yetisen
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General Hospital65 Landsdowne StreetCambridgeMA02139USA
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology122 Luoshi RoadWuhan430070China
| | - Afsoon Fallahi
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Yunuen Montelongo
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Guillermo U. Ruiz‐Esparza
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Iram Mahmood
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Su‐A Yang
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon34141South Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General Hospital65 Landsdowne StreetCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Haider Butt
- School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Biomaterials Innovation Research CenterDivision of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA02139USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired EngineeringHarvard UniversityBostonMA02115USA
- Department of PhysicsKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioindustrial TechnologiesCollege of Animal Bioscience and TechnologyKonkuk UniversityHwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐guSeoul143‐701South Korea
| | - Seok‐Hyun Yun
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General Hospital65 Landsdowne StreetCambridgeMA02139USA
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
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Varlet-Marie E, Joré C, Brun JF. Segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (SBIA) and blood rheology: Reducing the gap between in vivo and in vitro? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 64:603-611. [PMID: 27792002 DOI: 10.3233/ch-168041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectrical impedancemetry (BIA) has been used to evaluate hematocrit and red cell aggregability in vitro but whole body impedance measurements are also correlated to some hemorheologic factors, suggesting a relationship between viscosity factors and electric properties of blood. We repeatedly reported correlations with whole body BIA and hematocrit, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity, red cell rigidity and RBC aggregation. The SBIA Inbody 770 modelizes body as 5 cylinders and measures impedance at 1, 5, 50, 250, 500, and 1000 kHz. With the SBIA we found that hematocrit is best correlated to leg reactance at 50 kHz but also to leg impedance at 1 and 5 kHz and trunk reactance. RBC aggregation "M" is best correlated to arm reactance at 5 kHz but also to most measurements of segmental impedance (28 correlations found). RBC aggregation "M1" is best correlated to arm reactance at 5 kHz and to 19 other impedance measurements. A predictive equation for "M" from the mean between the two arm reactances at 5 kHz (maXc5) is found: M = 2.1845maXc5-23.958 (r = 0.665, p < 0.001) that provides a satisfactory Bland-Altman plot (mean difference: 0.000524 range [-1.6;+1.6]. This study suggests that previously reported correlations between BIA and viscosity factors were not spurious, and that in a narrow cylinder such as the arm the structure of circulating blood (hematocrit, red cell aggregation) may influence the passage of an electric current by increasing reactance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Varlet-Marie
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR CNRS 5247, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Joré
- Laboratoire de Biophysique & Bio-Analyses, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire des Courses Hippiques, Verrières le Buisson, France
| | - Jean-Frédéric Brun
- UMR CNRS 9214-Inserm U1046 ⪡ Physiopathologie & Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles - PHYMEDEXP ⪢, Unité d'Explorations Métaboliques (CERAMM), Université de Montpellier, Département de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital Lapeyronie CHU Montpellier, France
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Owczarek G, Gralewicz G, Skuza N, Jurowski P. Light transmission through intraocular lenses with or without yellow chromophore (blue light filter) and its potential influence on functional vision in everyday environmental conditions. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2015; 22:66-70. [PMID: 26327154 PMCID: PMC4784506 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1083733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In this research the factors used to evaluate the light transmission through two types of acrylic hydrophobic intraocular lenses, one that contained yellow chromophore that blocks blue light transmission and the other which did not contain that filter, were defined according to various light condition, e.g., daylight and at night. The potential influence of light transmission trough intraocular lenses with or without yellow chromophore on functional vision in everyday environmental conditions was analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Owczarek
- a Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) , Łódź , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gralewicz
- a Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) , Łódź , Poland
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Juloski J, Goracci C, Tsintsadze N, Carrabba M, Vichi A, Vulicevic ZR, Ferrari M. Influence of luting agent translucency on fiber post retention. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:116-21. [PMID: 25683864 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to assess the influence of cement translucency on the retentive strength of luted fiber posts. Twenty extracted human premolars were randomly divided into four equal groups, based on the combinations of materials to be tested. Two post types of the same size, shape, and chemical composition, but different light-transmission properties [Translucent post (TP) and Opaque post (OP)] were selected. The two post types were luted using the etch-and-rinse, light-curing adhesive in combination with two shades of the same resin cement of markedly different light-transmitting ability [Transparent shade (TS) and Opaque shade (OS)]. Early post retention was assessed using the thin-slice push-out test. Post type did not significantly influence post retention; however, cement translucency emerged as a relevant factor in intraradicular cementation, with the TS achieving higher push-out strengths. The between-factor interaction was also statistically significant; specifically, OP-OS yielded significantly lower retentive strengths than all the other groups. Post translucency did not influence post retention, provided that a highly translucent cement was utilized for luting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Juloski
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Fujiwara M, Shiokawa K, Monobe H, Shimizu Y. Temperature control of light transmission using mixed system of silica hollow particles with nanoparticle shell and organic components. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:1107-1113. [PMID: 25536370 DOI: 10.1021/am508205p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We reported before that a silica hollow particle whose shell consists of silica nanoparticle (SHP-NP) has a high light reflection ability to prevent light transmission through the particle, which is caused from the intensive light diffusion by the hollow structure and the nanoparticle of the shell. Since the difference in the refractive indices between silica and air is responsible for the strong light reflection, the mixing of the particle with organic components having refractive indices close to that of silica such as tetradecane produced transparent mixtures by suppression of the light reflection. The transparency of the mixtures thus prepared could be controlled by temperature variation. For example, the mixture of the particle SHP-NP with tetradecane was transparent at 20 °C and opaque at 70 °C, while the mixture with n-hexyl cyclohexane was opaque at 20 °C and transparent at 70 °C. As the refractive indices of organic components changed with temperature more than 10 times wider than that of silica, the temperature alternation produced a significant change in the difference of the refractive indices between them to achieve complete control of the transparency of the mixtures. This simple control of the light transmission that can automatically regulate sunlight into the room with temperature alteration is expected to be suitable for smart glass technology for energy conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Fujiwara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Kansai center, UBIQEN) , 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
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