1
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Lee G, Muir TW. Distinct phases of cellular signaling revealed by time-resolved protein synthesis. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01677-3. [PMID: 38977789 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The post-translational regulation of protein function is involved in most cellular processes. As such, synthetic biology tools that operate at this level provide opportunities for manipulating cellular states. Here we deploy proximity-triggered protein trans-splicing technology to enable the time-resolved synthesis of target proteins from premade parts. The modularity of the strategy allows for the addition or removal of various control elements as a function of the splicing reaction, in the process permitting the cellular location and/or activity state of starting materials and products to be differentiated. The approach is applied to a diverse set of proteins, including the kinase oncofusions breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (BCR-ABL) and DNAJ-PKAc where dynamic cellular phosphorylation events are dissected, revealing distinct phases of signaling and identifying molecular players connecting the oncofusion to cancer transformation as new therapeutic targets of cancer cells. We envision that the tools and control strategies developed herein will allow the activity of both naturally occurring and designer proteins to be harnessed for basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tom W Muir
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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2
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Chauhan W, Sudharshan SJ, Kafle S, Zennadi R. SnoRNAs: Exploring Their Implication in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7202. [PMID: 39000310 PMCID: PMC11240930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are earning increasing attention from research communities due to their critical role in the post-transcriptional modification of various RNAs. These snoRNAs, along with their associated proteins, are crucial in regulating the expression of a vast array of genes in different human diseases. Primarily, snoRNAs facilitate modifications such as 2'-O-methylation, N-4-acetylation, and pseudouridylation, which impact not only ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and their synthesis but also different RNAs. Functionally, snoRNAs bind with core proteins to form small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNPs). These snoRNAs then direct the protein complex to specific sites on target RNA molecules where modifications are necessary for either standard cellular operations or the regulation of pathological mechanisms. At these targeted sites, the proteins coupled with snoRNPs perform the modification processes that are vital for controlling cellular functions. The unique characteristics of snoRNAs and their involvement in various non-metabolic and metabolic diseases highlight their potential as therapeutic targets. Moreover, the precise targeting capability of snoRNAs might be harnessed as a molecular tool to therapeutically address various disease conditions. This review delves into the role of snoRNAs in health and disease and explores the broad potential of these snoRNAs as therapeutic agents in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rahima Zennadi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN 38103, USA; (W.C.); (S.S.); (S.K.)
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3
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Windisch R, Soliman S, Hoffmann A, Chen-Wichmann L, Danese A, Vosberg S, Bravo J, Lutz S, Kellner C, Fischer A, Gebhard C, Redondo Monte E, Hartmann L, Schneider S, Beier F, Strobl CD, Weigert O, Peipp M, Schündeln M, Stricker SH, Rehli M, Bernhagen J, Humpe A, Klump H, Brendel C, Krause DS, Greif PA, Wichmann C. Engineering an inducible leukemia-associated fusion protein enables large-scale ex vivo production of functional human phagocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312499121. [PMID: 38857395 PMCID: PMC11194515 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312499121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo expansion of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells remains a challenge due to rapid differentiation after detachment from the bone marrow niche. In this study, we assessed the capacity of an inducible fusion protein to enable sustained ex vivo proliferation of hematopoietic precursors and their capacity to differentiate into functional phagocytes. We fused the coding sequences of an FK506-Binding Protein 12 (FKBP12)-derived destabilization domain (DD) to the myeloid/lymphoid lineage leukemia/eleven nineteen leukemia (MLL-ENL) fusion gene to generate the fusion protein DD-MLL-ENL and retrovirally expressed the protein switch in human CD34+ progenitors. Using Shield1, a chemical inhibitor of DD fusion protein degradation, we established large-scale and long-term expansion of late monocytic precursors. Upon Shield1 removal, the cells lost self-renewal capacity and spontaneously differentiated, even after 2.5 y of continuous ex vivo expansion. In the absence of Shield1, stimulation with IFN-γ, LPS, and GM-CSF triggered terminal differentiation. Gene expression analysis of the obtained phagocytes revealed marked similarity with naïve monocytes. In functional assays, the novel phagocytes migrated toward CCL2, attached to VCAM-1 under shear stress, produced reactive oxygen species, and engulfed bacterial particles, cellular particles, and apoptotic cells. Finally, we demonstrated Fcγ receptor recognition and phagocytosis of opsonized lymphoma cells in an antibody-dependent manner. Overall, we have established an engineered protein that, as a single factor, is useful for large-scale ex vivo production of human phagocytes. Such adjustable proteins have the potential to be applied as molecular tools to produce functional immune cells for experimental cell-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Windisch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Sarah Soliman
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Adrian Hoffmann
- Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Anna Danese
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Sebastian Vosberg
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
| | - Jimena Bravo
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main60596, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lutz
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Christian Kellner
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Alexander Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg93053, Germany
| | - Claudia Gebhard
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg93053, Germany
| | - Enric Redondo Monte
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Luise Hartmann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schneider
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Fabian Beier
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen52074, Germany
| | - Carolin Dorothea Strobl
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Oliver Weigert
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Matthias Peipp
- Division of Antibody-Based Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Michael Schündeln
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen and the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45147, Germany
| | - Stefan H. Stricker
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg93053, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg93053, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Andreas Humpe
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Hannes Klump
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen45147, Germany
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapeutics, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen52074, Germany
| | - Christian Brendel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Daniela S. Krause
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main60596, Germany
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main60596, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Greif
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner site Munich, Munich81377, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich81377, Germany
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Kreissig S, Windisch R, Wichmann C. Deciphering Acute Myeloid Leukemia Associated Transcription Factors in Human Primary CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. Cells 2023; 13:78. [PMID: 38201282 PMCID: PMC10777941 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemato-oncological diseases account for nearly 10% of all malignancies and can be classified into leukemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative diseases, and myelodysplastic syndromes. The causes and prognosis of these disease entities are highly variable. Most entities are not permanently controllable and ultimately lead to the patient's death. At the molecular level, recurrent mutations including chromosomal translocations initiate the transformation from normal stem-/progenitor cells into malignant blasts finally floating the patient's bone marrow and blood system. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the so-called master transcription factors such as RUNX1, KMT2A, and HOX are frequently disrupted by chromosomal translocations, resulting in neomorphic oncogenic fusion genes. Triggering ex vivo expansion of primary human CD34+ stem/progenitor cells represents a distinct characteristic of such chimeric AML transcription factors. Regarding oncogenic mechanisms of AML, most studies focus on murine models. However, due to biological differences between mice and humans, findings are only partly transferable. This review focuses on the genetic manipulation of human CD34+ primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from healthy donors to model acute myeloid leukemia cell growth. Analysis of defined single- or multi-hit human cellular AML models will elucidate molecular mechanisms of the development, maintenance, and potential molecular intervention strategies to counteract malignant human AML blast cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.K.)
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5
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Swoboda AS, Arfelli VC, Danese A, Windisch R, Kerbs P, Redondo Monte E, Bagnoli JW, Chen-Wichmann L, Caroleo A, Cusan M, Krebs S, Blum H, Sterr M, Enard W, Herold T, Colomé-Tatché M, Wichmann C, Greif PA. CSF3R T618I Collaborates With RUNX1-RUNX1T1 to Expand Hematopoietic Progenitors and Sensitizes to GLI Inhibition. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e958. [PMID: 37841755 PMCID: PMC10569757 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating colony-stimulating factor-3 receptor gene (CSF3R) mutations are recurrent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. However, the nature of oncogenic collaboration between alterations of CSF3R and the t(8;21) associated RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion remains unclear. In CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from healthy donors, double oncogene expression led to a clonal advantage, increased self-renewal potential, and blast-like morphology and distinct immunophenotype. Gene expression profiling revealed hedgehog signaling as a potential mechanism, with upregulation of GLI2 constituting a putative pharmacological target. Both primary hematopoietic cells and the t(8;21) positive AML cell line SKNO-1 showed increased sensitivity to the GLI inhibitor GANT61 when expressing CSF3R T618I. Our findings suggest that during leukemogenesis, the RUNX1-RUNXT1 fusion and CSF3R mutation act in a synergistic manner to alter hedgehog signaling, which can be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja S. Swoboda
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanessa C. Arfelli
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Danese
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Germany
| | - Roland Windisch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Kerbs
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enric Redondo Monte
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes W. Bagnoli
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Alessandra Caroleo
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monica Cusan
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Gene Center - Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Gene Center - Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sterr
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tobias Herold
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Colomé-Tatché
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Greif
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Lee G, Muir TW. Distinct phases of cellular signaling revealed by time-resolved protein synthesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.548208. [PMID: 37503273 PMCID: PMC10369872 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.548208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The post-translational regulation of protein function is involved in most cellular processes. As such, synthetic biology tools that operate at this level provide opportunities for manipulating cellular states. Here, we deploy a proximity-triggered protein trans-splicing technology to enable the time-resolved synthesis of target proteins from pre-made parts. The modularity of the strategy allows for the addition or removal of various control elements as a function of the splicing reaction, in the process permitting the cellular location and/or activity state of starting materials and products to be differentiated. The approach is applied to a diverse set of proteins, including the kinase oncofusions BCR/ABL and DNAJB1/PRKACA where dynamic cellular phosphorylation events are dissected, revealing distinct phases of signaling and identifying molecular players connecting the oncofusion to cancer transformation as novel therapeutic targets of cancer cells. We envision that the tools and control strategies developed herein will allow the activity of both naturally occurring and designer proteins to be harnessed for basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tom W. Muir
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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7
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Windisch R, Kreissig S, Wichmann C. Defined Human Leukemic CD34+ Liquid Cultures to Study HDAC/Transcriptional Repressor Complexes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2589:27-49. [PMID: 36255616 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2788-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Defined human primary cell model systems with growth dependence on oncogenes are highly requested to investigate tumor pathogenesis and to validate pharmacological inhibitors that specifically target oncoproteins and their executing protein complex partners. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), transcription factors such as RUNX1 and MLL1, which are important for normal blood cell development, frequently harbor mutations including chromosomal translocations with other coding genes, resulting in tumor-promoting gain-of-function fusion proteins. These oncoproteins completely modify transcriptional programs, thereby inducing malignant cell phenotypes. A common theme of the chimeric gene products is their physical interaction with a variety of chromatin-modifying effector molecules, including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). These aberrant multiprotein machineries disturb gene expression and promote malignant cell growth. In this chapter, we briefly summarize the current understanding regarding AML-associated oncogene-driven human CD34+ blood progenitor cell expansion in ex vivo liquid cultures. We provide a step-by-step protocol to establish oncogene-induced human CD34+ blood progenitor cell cultures suitable to analyze the impact of transcriptional repressor/HDAC activity in these human AML cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Windisch
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Kreissig
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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8
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Yu G, Chen Y, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Ding X, Zhou X. Roles of transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE) family proteins in tumorigenesis and immune regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1010639. [PMID: 36438567 PMCID: PMC9692235 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1010639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian transducin-like enhancer of split family proteins (TLEs) are homologous to Drosophila Groucho (Gro) and are essential transcriptional repressors. Seven TLE family members, TLE1-7, have been identified to date. These proteins do not bind DNA directly; instead, they bind a set of transcription factors and thereby inhibit target gene expression. Loss of TLEs in mice usually leads to defective early development; however, TLE functions in developmentally mature cells are unclear. Recent studies have revealed that TLEs are dysregulated in certain human cancer types and may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in different contexts. TLE levels also affect the efficacy of cancer treatments and the development of drug resistance. In addition, TLEs play critical roles in the development and function of immune cells, including macrophages and lymphocytes. In this review, we provide updates on the expression, function, and mechanism of TLEs; discuss the roles played by TLEs in tumorigenesis and the inflammatory response; and elaborate on several TLE-associated signaling pathways, including the Notch, Wnt, and MAPK pathways. Finally, we discuss potential strategies for targeting TLEs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Yu
- Department of Immunology, Nantong University, School of Medicine, Nantong, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Yiqi Chen
- Department of Immunology, Nantong University, School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yuwen Hu
- Department of Immunology, Nantong University, School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoling Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Nantong University, School of Medicine, Nantong, China
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9
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Wang MX, Yan L, Chen J, Zhao JM, Zhu J, Yu SH. Reinforced erythroid differentiation inhibits leukemogenic potential of t(8;21) leukemia. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22562. [PMID: 36125067 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200026rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Oncoprotein AML1-ETO (AE) derived from t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation is typically present in a portion of French-American-British-M2 subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although these patients have relatively favorable prognoses, substantial numbers of them would relapse after conventional therapy. Here, we explored whether reinforcing the endogenous differentiation potential of t(8;21) AML cells would diminish the associated malignancy. In doing so, we noticed an expansion of immature erythroid blasts featured in both AML1-ETO9a (AE9a) and AE plus c-KIT (N822K) (AK) murine leukemic models. Interestingly, in the AE9a murine model, a spontaneous step-wise erythroid differentiation path, as characterized by the differential expression of CD43/c-Kit and the upregulation of several key erythroid transcription factors (TFs), accompanied the decline or loss of leukemia-initiating potential. Notably, overexpression of one of the key erythroid TFs, Ldb1, potently disrupted the repopulation of AE9a leukemic cells in vivo, suggesting a new promising intervention strategy of t(8;21) AML through enforcing their erythroid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Hematology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Mei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-He Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Schnoeder TM, Schwarzer A, Jayavelu AK, Hsu CJ, Kirkpatrick J, Döhner K, Perner F, Eifert T, Huber N, Arreba-Tutusaus P, Dolnik A, Assi SA, Nafria M, Jiang L, Dai YT, Chen Z, Chen SJ, Kellaway SG, Ptasinska A, Ng ES, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG, Buschbeck M, Bierhoff H, Brodt S, Matziolis G, Fischer KD, Hochhaus A, Chen CW, Heidenreich O, Mann M, Lane SW, Bullinger L, Ori A, von Eyss B, Bonifer C, Heidel FH. PLCG1 is required for AML1-ETO leukemia stem cell self-renewal. Blood 2022; 139:1080-1097. [PMID: 34695195 PMCID: PMC8854675 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to identify novel drugs targeting fusion-oncogene-induced acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed high-resolution proteomic analysis. In AML1-ETO (AE)-driven AML, we uncovered a deregulation of phospholipase C (PLC) signaling. We identified PLCgamma 1 (PLCG1) as a specific target of the AE fusion protein that is induced after AE binding to intergenic regulatory DNA elements. Genetic inactivation of PLCG1 in murine and human AML inhibited AML1-ETO dependent self-renewal programs, leukemic proliferation, and leukemia maintenance in vivo. In contrast, PLCG1 was dispensable for normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell function. These findings are extended to and confirmed by pharmacologic perturbation of Ca++-signaling in AML1-ETO AML cells, indicating that the PLCG1 pathway poses an important therapeutic target for AML1-ETO+ leukemic stem cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Self Renewal
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Phospholipase C gamma/genetics
- Phospholipase C gamma/metabolism
- Proteome
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/genetics
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M Schnoeder
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Adrian Schwarzer
- Department of Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, and
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Chen-Jen Hsu
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Joanna Kirkpatrick
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Perner
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Theresa Eifert
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicolas Huber
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patricia Arreba-Tutusaus
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Dolnik
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Nafria
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sophie G Kellaway
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anetta Ptasinska
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth S Ng
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Edouard G Stanley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew G Elefanty
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Holger Bierhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Brodt
- University Hospital Jena, Orthopaedic Department at Campus Eisenberg, Eisenberg, Germany
| | - Georg Matziolis
- University Hospital Jena, Orthopaedic Department at Campus Eisenberg, Eisenberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Fischer
- Institute for Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hochhaus
- Innere Medizin 2, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Germany
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Steven W Lane
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Björn von Eyss
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Innere Medizin C, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Innere Medizin 2, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Germany
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11
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Menezes AC, Dixon C, Scholz A, Nicholson R, Leckenby A, Azevedo A, Baker S, Gilkes AF, Davies S, Darley RL, Tonks A. RUNX3 overexpression inhibits normal human erythroid development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1243. [PMID: 35075235 PMCID: PMC8786893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX proteins belong to a family of transcription factors essential for cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis with emerging data implicating RUNX3 in haematopoiesis and haematological malignancies. Here we show that RUNX3 plays an important regulatory role in normal human erythropoiesis. The impact of altering RUNX3 expression on erythropoiesis was determined by transducing human CD34+ cells with RUNX3 overexpression or shRNA knockdown vectors. Analysis of RUNX3 mRNA expression showed that RUNX3 levels decreased during erythropoiesis. Functionally, RUNX3 overexpression had a modest impact on early erythroid growth and development. However, in late-stage erythroid development, RUNX3 promoted growth and inhibited terminal differentiation with RUNX3 overexpressing cells exhibiting lower expression of glycophorin A, greater cell size and less differentiated morphology. These results suggest that suppression of RUNX3 is required for normal erythropoiesis. Overexpression of RUNX3 increased colony formation in liquid culture whilst, corresponding RUNX3 knockdown suppressed colony formation but otherwise had little impact. This study demonstrates that the downregulation of RUNX3 observed in normal human erythropoiesis is important in promoting the terminal stages of erythroid development and may further our understanding of the role of this transcription factor in haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Menezes
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Christabel Dixon
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Anna Scholz
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rachael Nicholson
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Adam Leckenby
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Aleksandra Azevedo
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Sarah Baker
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK.,Cardiff Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC), School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Amanda F Gilkes
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK.,Cardiff Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC), School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Sara Davies
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Richard L Darley
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alex Tonks
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK.
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12
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Repurposing cabozantinib with therapeutic potential in KIT-driven t(8;21) acute myeloid leukaemias. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:519-532. [PMID: 33833412 PMCID: PMC9113930 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cabozantinib is an orally available, multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of several solid tumours and known to inhibit KIT tyrosine kinase. In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), aberrant KIT tyrosine kinase often coexists with t(8;21) to drive leukaemogenesis. Here we evaluated the potential therapeutic effect of cabozantinib on a selected AML subtype characterised by t(8;21) coupled with KIT mutation. Cabozantinib exerted substantial cytotoxicity in Kasumi-1 cells with an IC50 of 88.06 ± 4.32 nM, which was well within clinically achievable plasma levels. The suppression of KIT phosphorylation and its downstream signals, including AKT/mTOR, STAT3, and ERK1/2, was elicited by cabozantinib treatment and associated with subsequent alterations of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related molecules. Cabozantinib also disrupted the synthesis of an AML1-ETO fusion protein in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In a mouse xenograft model, cabozantinib suppressed tumourigenesis at 10 mg/kg and significantly prolonged survival of the mice. Further RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that mTOR-mediated signalling pathways were substantially inactivated by cabozantinib treatment, causing the downregulation of ribosome biogenesis and glycolysis, along with myeloid leukocyte activation. We suggest that cabozantinib may be effective in the treatment of AML with t(8;21) and KIT mutation. Relevant clinical trials are warranted.
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13
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Torres-Montaner A. The telomere complex and the origin of the cancer stem cell. Biomark Res 2021; 9:81. [PMID: 34736527 PMCID: PMC8567692 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exquisite regulation of telomere length is essential for the preservation of the lifetime function and self-renewal of stem cells. However, multiple oncogenic pathways converge on induction of telomere attrition or telomerase overexpression and these events can by themselves trigger malignant transformation. Activation of NFκB, the outcome of telomere complex damage, is present in leukemia stem cells but absent in normal stem cells and can activate DOT1L which has been linked to MLL-fusion leukemias. Tumors that arise from cells of early and late developmental stages appear to follow two different oncogenic routes in which the role of telomere and telomerase signaling might be differentially involved. In contrast, direct malignant transformation of stem cells appears to be extremely rare. This suggests an inherent resistance of stem cells to cancer transformation which could be linked to a stem cell’specific mechanism of telomere maintenance. However, tumor protection of normal stem cells could also be conferred by cell extrinsic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres-Montaner
- Department of Pathology, Queen's Hospital, Rom Valley Way, London, Romford, RM7 OAG, UK. .,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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14
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Christopher MJ, Katerndahl CDS, LeBlanc HR, Elmendorf TT, Basu V, Gang M, Menssen AJ, Spencer DH, Duncavage EJ, Ketkar S, Wartman LD, Ramakrishnan SM, Miller CA, Ley TJ. Tumor suppressor function of WT1 in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2021; 107:342-346. [PMID: 34670359 PMCID: PMC8719088 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Christopher
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Casey D S Katerndahl
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Hayley R LeBlanc
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tyler T Elmendorf
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Vaishali Basu
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Margery Gang
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrew J Menssen
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - David H Spencer
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eric J Duncavage
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shamika Ketkar
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Current affiliation: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX
| | - Lukas D Wartman
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sai Mukund Ramakrishnan
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Christopher A Miller
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Timothy J Ley
- Section of Stem Cell Biology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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15
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Jaafar M, Paraqindes H, Gabut M, Diaz JJ, Marcel V, Durand S. 2'O-Ribose Methylation of Ribosomal RNAs: Natural Diversity in Living Organisms, Biological Processes, and Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:1948. [PMID: 34440717 PMCID: PMC8393311 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that ribosomes, the translational machineries, can display a distinct composition depending on physio-pathological contexts. Thanks to outstanding technological breakthroughs, many studies have reported that variations of rRNA modifications, and more particularly the most abundant rRNA chemical modification, the rRNA 2'O-ribose methylation (2'Ome), intrinsically occur in many organisms. In the last 5 years, accumulating reports have illustrated that rRNA 2'Ome varies in human cell lines but also in living organisms (yeast, plant, zebrafish, mouse, human) during development and diseases. These rRNA 2'Ome variations occur either within a single cell line, organ, or patient's sample (i.e., intra-variability) or between at least two biological conditions (i.e., inter-variability). Thus, the ribosomes can tolerate the absence of 2'Ome at some specific positions. These observations question whether variations in rRNA 2'Ome could provide ribosomes with particular translational regulatory activities and functional specializations. Here, we compile recent studies supporting the heterogeneity of ribosome composition at rRNA 2'Ome level and provide an overview of the natural diversity in rRNA 2'Ome that has been reported up to now throughout the kingdom of life. Moreover, we discuss the little evidence that suggests that variations of rRNA 2'Ome can effectively impact the ribosome activity and contribute to the etiology of some human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Virginie Marcel
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, CEDEX 08, F-69373 Lyon, France; (M.J.); (H.P.); (M.G.); (J.-J.D.)
| | - Sébastien Durand
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, CEDEX 08, F-69373 Lyon, France; (M.J.); (H.P.); (M.G.); (J.-J.D.)
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16
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Thomas AL, Marsman J, Antony J, Schierding W, O’Sullivan JM, Horsfield JA. Transcriptional Regulation of RUNX1: An Informatics Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1175. [PMID: 34440349 PMCID: PMC8395016 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The RUNX1/AML1 gene encodes a developmental transcription factor that is an important regulator of haematopoiesis in vertebrates. Genetic disruptions to the RUNX1 gene are frequently associated with acute myeloid leukaemia. Gene regulatory elements (REs), such as enhancers located in non-coding DNA, are likely to be important for Runx1 transcription. Non-coding elements that modulate Runx1 expression have been investigated over several decades, but how and when these REs function remains poorly understood. Here we used bioinformatic methods and functional data to characterise the regulatory landscape of vertebrate Runx1. We identified REs that are conserved between human and mouse, many of which produce enhancer RNAs in diverse tissues. Genome-wide association studies detected single nucleotide polymorphisms in REs, some of which correlate with gene expression quantitative trait loci in tissues in which the RE is active. Our analyses also suggest that REs can be variant in haematological malignancies. In summary, our analysis identifies features of the RUNX1 regulatory landscape that are likely to be important for the regulation of this gene in normal and malignant haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarni L. Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.L.T.); (J.A.)
| | - Judith Marsman
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Jisha Antony
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.L.T.); (J.A.)
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - William Schierding
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Justin M. O’Sullivan
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Julia A. Horsfield
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.L.T.); (J.A.)
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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17
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Tumor suppressor function of Gata2 in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood 2021; 138:1148-1161. [PMID: 34125173 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) can be cured with combined All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) and Arsenic Trioxide therapy, which induce the destruction of PML-RARA, the initiating fusion protein for this disease1. However, the underlying mechanisms by which PML-RARA initiates and maintains APL cells are still not clear. We therefore identified genes that are dysregulated by PML-RARA in mouse and human APL cells, and prioritized GATA2 for functional studies because 1) it is highly expressed in pre-leukemic cells expressing PML-RARA, 2) its high expression persists in transformed APL cells, and 3) spontaneous somatic mutations of GATA2 occur during APL progression in both mice and humans. These and other findings suggested that GATA2 may be upregulated to thwart the proliferative signal generated by PML-RARA, and that its inactivation by mutation (and/or epigenetic silencing) may accelerate disease progression in APL and other forms of AML. Indeed, biallelic knockout of Gata2 with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing increased the serial replating efficiency of PML-RARA-expressing myeloid progenitors (and also progenitors expressing RUNX1-RUNX1T1, or deficient for Cebpa), increased mouse APL penetrance, and decreased latency. Restoration of Gata2 expression suppressed PML-RARA-driven aberrant self-renewal and leukemogenesis. Conversely, addback of a mutant GATA2R362G protein associated with APL and AML minimally suppressed PML-RARA-induced aberrant self-renewal, suggesting that it is a loss-of-function mutation. These studies reveal a potential role for Gata2 as a tumor suppressor in AML, and suggest that restoration of its function (when inactivated) may provide benefit for AML patients.
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18
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Nafria M, Keane P, Ng ES, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG, Bonifer C. Expression of RUNX1-ETO Rapidly Alters the Chromatin Landscape and Growth of Early Human Myeloid Precursor Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107691. [PMID: 32460028 PMCID: PMC7262600 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy caused by recurrent mutations in genes encoding transcriptional, chromatin, and/or signaling regulators. The t(8;21) translocation generates the aberrant transcription factor RUNX1-ETO (RUNX1-RUNX1T1), which by itself is insufficient to cause disease. t(8;21) AML patients show extensive chromatin reprogramming and have acquired additional mutations. Therefore, the genomic and developmental effects directly and solely attributable to RUNX1-ETO expression are unclear. To address this, we employ a human embryonic stem cell differentiation system capable of forming definitive myeloid progenitor cells to express RUNX1-ETO in an inducible fashion. Induction of RUNX1-ETO causes extensive chromatin reprogramming by interfering with RUNX1 binding, blocks differentiation, and arrests cellular growth, whereby growth arrest is reversible following RUNX1-ETO removal. Single-cell gene expression analyses show that RUNX1-ETO induction alters the differentiation of early myeloid progenitors, but not of other progenitor types, indicating that oncoprotein-mediated transcriptional reprogramming is highly target cell specific. RUNX1-ETO reversibly arrests the growth of human ESC-derived early myeloid cells RUNX1-ETO disrupts global RUNX1 binding and deregulates RUNX1 target genes RUNX1-ETO blocks myeloid differentiation by rapidly downregulating SPI1 and CEBPA The impact of RUNX1-ETO induction is cell type specific
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Nafria
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter Keane
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Ng
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Edouard G Stanley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew G Elefanty
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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19
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Chin PS, Bonifer C. Modelling t(8;21) acute myeloid leukaemia - What have we learned? MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:260-269. [PMID: 34766123 PMCID: PMC8491201 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous haematopoietic malignancy caused by recurrent mutations in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that affect both the epigenetic regulatory machinery and signalling molecules. The t(8;21) or RUNX1‐RUNX1T1 translocation generates the RUNX1‐ETO chimeric transcription factor which primes haematopoietic stem cells for further oncogenic mutational events that in their sum cause overt disease. Significant progress has been made in generating both in vitro and in vivo model systems to recapitulate t(8;21) AML which are crucial for the understanding of the biology of the disease and the development of effective treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the in vivo and in vitro model systems that were developed to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of RUNX1‐ETO oncogenic activity and their contribution to the advancement of knowledge in the t(8;21) AML field. Such models include transgenic mice, patient‐derived xenografts, RUNX1‐ETO transduced human progenitor cells, cell lines and human embryonic stem cell model systems, making the t(8;21) as one of the well‐characterized sub‐type of AML at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulynn Suyin Chin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
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20
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Redondo Monte E, Wilding A, Leubolt G, Kerbs P, Bagnoli JW, Hartmann L, Hiddemann W, Chen-Wichmann L, Krebs S, Blum H, Cusan M, Vick B, Jeremias I, Enard W, Theurich S, Wichmann C, Greif PA. ZBTB7A prevents RUNX1-RUNX1T1-dependent clonal expansion of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Oncogene 2020; 39:3195-3205. [PMID: 32115572 PMCID: PMC7142018 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ZBTB7A is frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. However, the oncogenic collaboration between mutated ZBTB7A and the RUNX1–RUNX1T1 fusion gene in AML t(8;21) remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of ZBTB7A and its mutations in the context of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. We demonstrate that clinically relevant ZBTB7A mutations in AML t(8;21) lead to loss of function and result in perturbed myeloid differentiation with block of the granulocytic lineage in favor of monocytic commitment. In addition, loss of ZBTB7A increases glycolysis and hence sensitizes leukemic blasts to metabolic inhibition with 2-deoxy-d-glucose. We observed that ectopic expression of wild-type ZBTB7A prevents RUNX1-RUNX1T1-mediated clonal expansion of human CD34+ cells, whereas the outgrowth of progenitors is enabled by ZBTB7A mutation. Finally, ZBTB7A expression in t(8;21) cells lead to a cell cycle arrest that could be mimicked by inhibition of glycolysis. Our findings suggest that loss of ZBTB7A may facilitate the onset of AML t(8;21), and that RUNX1-RUNX1T1-rearranged leukemia might be treated with glycolytic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Redondo Monte
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Wilding
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Leubolt
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Kerbs
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes W Bagnoli
- Anthropology & Human Genomics, Department of Biology II, LMU Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Luise Hartmann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hiddemann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostasis, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Gene Center-Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Gene Center-Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Monica Cusan
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Binje Vick
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology & Human Genomics, Department of Biology II, LMU Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sebastian Theurich
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Cancer & Immunometabolism Research Group, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostasis, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp A Greif
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Shokouhian M, Bagheri M, Poopak B, Chegeni R, Davari N, Saki N. Altering chromatin methylation patterns and the transcriptional network involved in regulation of hematopoietic stem cell fate. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6404-6423. [PMID: 32052445 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are quiescent cells with self-renewal capacity and potential multilineage development. Various molecular regulatory mechanisms such as epigenetic modifications and transcription factor (TF) networks play crucial roles in establishing a balance between self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs. Histone/DNA methylations are important epigenetic modifications involved in transcriptional regulation of specific lineage HSCs via controlling chromatin structure and accessibility of DNA. Also, TFs contribute to either facilitation or inhibition of gene expression through binding to enhancer or promoter regions of DNA. As a result, epigenetic factors and TFs regulate the activation or repression of HSCs genes, playing a central role in normal hematopoiesis. Given the importance of histone/DNA methylation and TFs in gene expression regulation, their aberrations, including changes in HSCs-related methylation of histone/DNA and TFs (e.g., CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on the chromosome 10, Runt-related transcription factor 1, signal transducers and activators of transcription, and RAS family proteins) could disrupt HSCs fate. Herewith, we summarize how dysregulations in the expression of genes related to self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of HSCs caused by changes in epigenetic modifications and transcriptional networks lead to clonal expansion and leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shokouhian
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziye Bagheri
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Poopak
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Chegeni
- Michener Institute of Education at University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nader Davari
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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22
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Cardoso BA. The Bone Marrow Niche - The Tumor Microenvironment That Ensures Leukemia Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:259-293. [PMID: 32130704 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human body requires a constant delivery of fresh blood cells that are needed to maintain body homeostasis. Hematopoiesis is the process that drives the formation of new blood cells from a single stem cell. This is a complex, orchestrated and tightly regulated process that occurs within the bone marrow. When such process is faulty or deregulated, leukemia arises, develops and thrives by subverting normal hematopoiesis and availing the supplies of this rich milieu.In this book chapter we will describe and characterize the bone marrow microenvironment and its key importance for leukemia expansion. The several components of the bone marrow niche, their interaction with the leukemic cells and the cellular pathways activated within the malignant cells will be emphasized. Finally, novel therapeutic strategies to target this sibling interaction will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno António Cardoso
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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23
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Tijchon E, Yi G, Mandoli A, Smits JGA, Ferrari F, Heuts BMH, Wijnen F, Kim B, Janssen-Megens EM, Schuringa JJ, Martens JHA. The acute myeloid leukemia associated AML1-ETO fusion protein alters the transcriptome and cellular progression in a single-oncogene expressing in vitro induced pluripotent stem cell based granulocyte differentiation model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226435. [PMID: 31869378 PMCID: PMC6927605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by recurrent mutations that affect normal hematopoiesis. The analysis of human AMLs has mostly been performed using end-point materials, such as cell lines and patient derived AMLs that also carry additional contributing mutations. The molecular effects of a single oncogenic hit, such as expression of the AML associated oncoprotein AML1-ETO on hematopoietic development and transformation into a (pre-) leukemic state still needs further investigation. Here we describe the development and characterization of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) system that allows in vitro differentiation towards different mature myeloid cell types such as monocytes and granulocytes. During in vitro differentiation we expressed the AML1-ETO fusion protein and examined the effects of the oncoprotein on differentiation and the underlying alterations in the gene program at 8 different time points. Our analysis revealed that AML1-ETO as a single oncogenic hit in a non-mutated background blocks granulocytic differentiation, deregulates the gene program via altering the acetylome of the differentiating granulocytic cells, and induces t(8;21) AML associated leukemic characteristics. Together, these results reveal that inducible oncogene expression during in vitro differentiation of iPS cells provides a valuable platform for analysis of aberrant regulation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Tijchon
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Guoqiang Yi
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jos G. A. Smits
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Ferrari
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Branco M. H. Heuts
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Falco Wijnen
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bowon Kim
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva M. Janssen-Megens
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H. A. Martens
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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24
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Nafria M, Bonifer C. Standing at odds: mutated RAS and hematopoietic stem cells. Haematologica 2019; 104:2125-2128. [PMID: 31666341 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.230029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Nafria
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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25
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Xu Y, Man N, Karl D, Martinez C, Liu F, Sun J, Martinez CJ, Martin GM, Beckedorff F, Lai F, Yue J, Roisman A, Greenblatt S, Duffort S, Wang L, Sun X, Figueroa M, Shiekhattar R, Nimer S. TAF1 plays a critical role in AML1-ETO driven leukemogenesis. Nat Commun 2019. [PMID: 31664040 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12735-z.pmid:31664040;pmcid:pmc6820555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AML1-ETO (AE) is a fusion transcription factor, generated by the t(8;21) translocation, that functions as a leukemia promoting oncogene. Here, we demonstrate that TATA-Box Binding Protein Associated Factor 1 (TAF1) associates with K43 acetylated AE and this association plays a pivotal role in the proliferation of AE-expressing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. ChIP-sequencing indicates significant overlap of the TAF1 and AE binding sites. Knockdown of TAF1 alters the association of AE with chromatin, affecting of the expression of genes that are activated or repressed by AE. Furthermore, TAF1 is required for leukemic cell self-renewal and its reduction promotes the differentiation and apoptosis of AE+ AML cells, thereby impairing AE driven leukemogenesis. Together, our findings reveal a role of TAF1 in leukemogenesis and identify TAF1 as a potential therapeutic target for AE-expressing leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Na Man
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Karl
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Concepcion Martinez
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Fan Liu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Camilo Jose Martinez
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Gloria Mas Martin
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Felipe Beckedorff
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Fan Lai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jingyin Yue
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Alejandro Roisman
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sarah Greenblatt
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephanie Duffort
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maria Figueroa
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ramin Shiekhattar
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephen Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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26
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Xu Y, Man N, Karl D, Martinez C, Liu F, Sun J, Martinez CJ, Martin GM, Beckedorff F, Lai F, Yue J, Roisman A, Greenblatt S, Duffort S, Wang L, Sun X, Figueroa M, Shiekhattar R, Nimer S. TAF1 plays a critical role in AML1-ETO driven leukemogenesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4925. [PMID: 31664040 PMCID: PMC6820555 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AML1-ETO (AE) is a fusion transcription factor, generated by the t(8;21) translocation, that functions as a leukemia promoting oncogene. Here, we demonstrate that TATA-Box Binding Protein Associated Factor 1 (TAF1) associates with K43 acetylated AE and this association plays a pivotal role in the proliferation of AE-expressing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. ChIP-sequencing indicates significant overlap of the TAF1 and AE binding sites. Knockdown of TAF1 alters the association of AE with chromatin, affecting of the expression of genes that are activated or repressed by AE. Furthermore, TAF1 is required for leukemic cell self-renewal and its reduction promotes the differentiation and apoptosis of AE+ AML cells, thereby impairing AE driven leukemogenesis. Together, our findings reveal a role of TAF1 in leukemogenesis and identify TAF1 as a potential therapeutic target for AE-expressing leukemia. AML1-ETO is a fusion protein in which acetylation of lysine-43 is critical to leukemogenesis. Here, they show that TAF1 is required for AML1-ETO mediated gene expression such that it binds to acetylated AML1-ETO to facilitate the association of AML1-ETO with chromatin, and consequently, promotes leukemic self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Na Man
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Karl
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Concepcion Martinez
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Fan Liu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Camilo Jose Martinez
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Gloria Mas Martin
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Felipe Beckedorff
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Fan Lai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jingyin Yue
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Alejandro Roisman
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sarah Greenblatt
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephanie Duffort
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maria Figueroa
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ramin Shiekhattar
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephen Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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27
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Thoms JAI, Beck D, Pimanda JE. Transcriptional networks in acute myeloid leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:859-874. [PMID: 31369171 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease characterized by a diverse range of recurrent molecular aberrations that occur in many different combinations. Components of transcriptional networks are a common target of these aberrations, leading to network-wide changes and deployment of novel or developmentally inappropriate transcriptional programs. Genome-wide techniques are beginning to reveal the full complexity of normal hematopoietic stem cell transcriptional networks and the extent to which they are deregulated in AML, and new understandings of the mechanisms by which AML cells maintain self-renewal and block differentiation are starting to emerge. The hope is that increased understanding of the network architecture in AML will lead to identification of key oncogenic dependencies that are downstream of multiple network aberrations, and that this knowledge will be translated into new therapies that target these dependencies. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of network perturbation in AML with a focus on major mechanisms of transcription factor dysregulation, including mutation, translocation, and transcriptional dysregulation, and discuss how these perturbations propagate across transcriptional networks. We will also review emerging mechanisms of network disruption, and briefly discuss how increased knowledge of network disruption is already being used to develop new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A I Thoms
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominik Beck
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John E Pimanda
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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28
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Zhou B, Ye H, Xing C, Liang B, Li H, Chen L, Huang X, Wu Y, Gao S. Targeting miR-193a-AML1-ETO-β-catenin axis by melatonin suppresses the self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells in leukaemia with t (8;21) translocation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5246-5258. [PMID: 31119862 PMCID: PMC6653044 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AML1‐ETO, the most common fusion oncoprotein by t (8;21) in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), enhances hematopoietic self‐renewal and leukemogenesis. However, currently no specific therapies have been reported for t (8;21) AML patients as AML1‐ETO is still intractable as a pharmacological target. For this purpose, leukaemia cells and AML1‐ETO‐induced murine leukaemia model were used to investigate the degradation of AML1‐ETO by melatonin (MLT), synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland. MLT remarkedly decreased AML1‐ETO protein in leukemic cells. Meanwhile, MLT induced apoptosis, decreased proliferation and reduced colony formation. Furthermore, MLT reduced the expansion of human leukemic cells and extended the overall survival in U937T‐AML1‐ETO‐xenografted NSG mice. Most importantly, MLT reduced the infiltration of leukaemia blasts, decreased the frequency of leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) and prolonged the overall survival in AML1‐ETO‐induced murine leukaemia. Mechanistically, MLT increased the expression of miR‐193a, which inhibited AML1‐ETO expression via targeting its putative binding sites. Furthermore, MLT decreased the expression of β‐catenin, which is required for the self‐renewal of LSC and is the downstream of AML1‐ETO. Thus, MLT presents anti‐self‐renewal of LSC through miR‐193a‐AML1‐ETO‐β‐catenin axis. In conclusion, MLT might be a potential treatment for t (8;21) leukaemia by targeting AML1‐ETO oncoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haige Ye
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chongyun Xing
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linling Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Yuhuang County, Taizhou, China
| | - Xingzhou Huang
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Wu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shenmeng Gao
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Different roles of E proteins in t(8;21) leukemia: E2-2 compromises the function of AETFC and negatively regulates leukemogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 116:890-899. [PMID: 30593567 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809327116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The AML1-ETO fusion protein, generated by the t(8;21) chromosomal translocation, is causally involved in nearly 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. In leukemic cells, AML1-ETO resides in and functions through a stable protein complex, AML1-ETO-containing transcription factor complex (AETFC), that contains multiple transcription (co)factors. Among these AETFC components, HEB and E2A, two members of the ubiquitously expressed E proteins, directly interact with AML1-ETO, confer new DNA-binding capacity to AETFC, and are essential for leukemogenesis. However, the third E protein, E2-2, is specifically silenced in AML1-ETO-expressing leukemic cells, suggesting E2-2 as a negative factor of leukemogenesis. Indeed, ectopic expression of E2-2 selectively inhibits the growth of AML1-ETO-expressing leukemic cells, and this inhibition requires the bHLH DNA-binding domain. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses reveal that, despite some overlap, the three E proteins differentially regulate many target genes. In particular, studies show that E2-2 both redistributes AETFC to, and activates, some genes associated with dendritic cell differentiation and represses MYC target genes. In AML patients, the expression of E2-2 is relatively lower in the t(8;21) subtype, and an E2-2 target gene, THPO, is identified as a potential predictor of relapse. In a mouse model of human t(8;21) leukemia, E2-2 suppression accelerates leukemogenesis. Taken together, these results reveal that, in contrast to HEB and E2A, which facilitate AML1-ETO-mediated leukemogenesis, E2-2 compromises the function of AETFC and negatively regulates leukemogenesis. The three E proteins thus define a heterogeneity of AETFC, which improves our understanding of the precise mechanism of leukemogenesis and assists development of diagnostic/therapeutic strategies.
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30
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Mesuraca M, Amodio N, Chiarella E, Scicchitano S, Aloisio A, Codispoti B, Lucchino V, Montalcini Y, Bond HM, Morrone G. Turning Stem Cells Bad: Generation of Clinically Relevant Models of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Gene Delivery- or Genome Editing-Based Approaches. Molecules 2018; 23:E2060. [PMID: 30126100 PMCID: PMC6222541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common acute leukemia in the adult, is believed to arise as a consequence of multiple molecular events that confer on primitive hematopoietic progenitors unlimited self-renewal potential and cause defective differentiation. A number of genetic aberrations, among which a variety of gene fusions, have been implicated in the development of a transformed phenotype through the generation of dysfunctional molecules that disrupt key regulatory mechanisms controlling survival, proliferation, and differentiation in normal stem and progenitor cells. Such genetic aberrations can be recreated experimentally to a large extent, to render normal hematopoietic stem cells "bad", analogous to the leukemic stem cells. Here, we wish to provide a brief outline of the complementary experimental approaches, largely based on gene delivery and more recently on gene editing, employed over the last two decades to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying AML development and progression and on the prospects that their applications offer for the discovery and validation of innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mesuraca
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Laboratory of Medical Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Chiarella
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Aloisio
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Bruna Codispoti
- Tecnologica Research Institute-Marrelli Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy.
| | - Valeria Lucchino
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ylenia Montalcini
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Heather M Bond
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Morrone
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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31
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Chen-Wichmann L, Shvartsman M, Preiss C, Hockings C, Windisch R, Redondo Monte E, Leubolt G, Spiekermann K, Lausen J, Brendel C, Grez M, Greif PA, Wichmann C. Compatibility of RUNX1/ETO fusion protein modules driving CD34+ human progenitor cell expansion. Oncogene 2018; 38:261-272. [PMID: 30093631 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations represent frequent events in leukemia. In t(8;21)+ acute myeloid leukemia, RUNX1 is fused to nearly the entire ETO protein, which contains four conserved nervy homology regions, NHR1-4. Furthermore RUNX1/ETO interacts with ETO-homologous proteins via NHR2, thereby multiplying NHR domain contacts. As shown recently, RUNX1/ETO retains oncogenic activity upon either deletion of the NHR3 + 4 N-CoR/SMRT interaction domain or substitution of the NHR2 tetramer domain. Thus, we aimed to clarify the specificities of the NHR domains. A C-terminally NHR3 + 4 truncated RUNX1/ETO containing a heterologous, structurally highly related non-NHR2 tetramer interface translocated into the nucleus and bound to RUNX1 consensus motifs. However, it failed to interact with ETO-homologues, repress RUNX1 targets, and transform progenitors. Surprisingly, transforming capacity was fully restored by C-terminal fusion with ETO's NHR4 zinc-finger or the repressor domain 3 of N-CoR, while other repression domains failed. With an inducible protein assembly system, we further demonstrated that NHR4 domain activity is critically required early in the establishment of progenitor cultures expressing the NHR2 exchanged truncated RUNX1/ETO. Together, we can show that NHR2 and NHR4 domains can be replaced by heterologous protein domains conferring tetramerization and repressor functions, thus showing that the NHR2 and NHR4 domain structures do not have irreplaceable functions concerning RUNX1/ETO activity for the establishment of human CD34+ cell expansion. We could resemble the function of RUNX1/ETO through modular recomposition with protein domains from RUNX1, ETO, BCR and N-CoR without any NHR2 and NHR4 sequences. As most transcriptional repressor proteins do not comprise tetramerization domains, our results provide a possible explanation as to the reason that RUNX1 is recurrently found translocated to ETO family members, which all contain tetramer together with transcriptional repressor moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marina Shvartsman
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Caro Preiss
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Colin Hockings
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roland Windisch
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Enric Redondo Monte
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Leubolt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Spiekermann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörn Lausen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe University and German Red Cross Blood Service, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Brendel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manuel Grez
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Philipp A Greif
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.
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32
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Mutant ASXL1 cooperates with BAP1 to promote myeloid leukaemogenesis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2733. [PMID: 30013160 PMCID: PMC6048047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ASXL1 mutations occur frequently in myeloid neoplasms and are associated with poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms by which mutant ASXL1 induces leukaemogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we report mutually reinforcing effects between a C-terminally truncated form of mutant ASXL1 (ASXL1-MT) and BAP1 in promoting myeloid leukaemogenesis. BAP1 expression results in increased monoubiquitination of ASXL1-MT, which in turn increases the catalytic function of BAP1. This hyperactive ASXL1-MT/BAP1 complex promotes aberrant myeloid differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells and accelerates RUNX1-ETO-driven leukaemogenesis. Mechanistically, this complex induces upregulation of posterior HOXA genes and IRF8 through removal of H2AK119 ubiquitination. Importantly, BAP1 depletion inhibits posterior HOXA gene expression and leukaemogenicity of ASXL1-MT-expressing myeloid leukemia cells. Furthermore, BAP1 is also required for the growth of MLL-fusion leukemia cells with posterior HOXA gene dysregulation. These data indicate that BAP1, which has long been considered a tumor suppressor, in fact plays tumor-promoting roles in myeloid neoplasms. ASXL1 gene is often mutated in myeloid malignancies. Here, the authors show that mutant ASXL1 and BAP1 are in a positive feedback loop such that BAP1 induces monoubiquitination of mutant ASXL1, which in turn enhances BAP1 activity to potentiate myeloid transformation via HOXA clusters and IRF8.
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33
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Lu L, Wen Y, Yao Y, Chen F, Wang G, Wu F, Wu J, Narayanan P, Redell M, Mo Q, Song Y. Glucocorticoids Inhibit Oncogenic RUNX1-ETO in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Chromosome Translocation t(8;21). Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2189-2201. [PMID: 29721072 PMCID: PMC5928880 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a major blood cancer with poor prognosis. New therapies are needed to target oncogene-driven leukemia stem cells, which account for relapse and resistance. Chromosome translocation t(8;21), which produces RUNX1-ETO (R-E) fusion oncoprotein, is found in ~13% AML. R-E dominance negatively inhibits global gene expression regulated by RUNX1, a master transcription factor for hematopoiesis, causing increased self-renewal and blocked cell differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, and eventually leukemia initiation. Methods: Connectivity-Map followed by biological activity testing were used to identify candidate compounds that can inhibit R-E-mediated gene transcription. Molecular mechanistic studies were also performed. Results: Glucocorticoid drugs, such as betamethasone and dexamethasone, were found to exhibit potent and selective in vitro and in vivo activities against R-E leukemia, as well as strong synergy when combined with chemotherapeutics. Microarray analysis showed that treatment with glucocorticoids significantly inhibited R-E's activity and reactivated that of RUNX1. Such gene expression changes caused differentiation and apoptosis of R-E leukemia cells. Our studies also show a possible molecular mechanism for the targeted therapy. Upon treatment with a glucocorticoid drug, more glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was translocated into the nucleus and bound to DNA, including promoters of RUNX1 target genes. GR was found to associate with RUNX1, but not R-E. This interaction increased binding of RUNX1 to DNA and reduced that of R-E, shifting to a RUNX1 dominance. Conclusion: Glucocorticoid drugs represent a targeted therapy for AML with chromosome translocation t(8:21). Given their high activity, favorable human pharmacokinetics as well as synergy with chemotherapeutics, glucocorticoids could be clinically useful to treat R-E AML.
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34
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Anderson G, Mackay N, Gilroy K, Hay J, Borland G, McDonald A, Bell M, Hassanudin SA, Cameron E, Neil JC, Kilbey A. RUNX-mediated growth arrest and senescence are attenuated by diverse mechanisms in cells expressing RUNX1 fusion oncoproteins. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2750-2762. [PMID: 29052866 PMCID: PMC5813226 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
RUNX gene over‐expression inhibits growth of primary cells but transforms cells with tumor suppressor defects, consistent with reported associations with tumor progression. In contrast, chromosomal translocations involving RUNX1 are detectable in utero, suggesting an initiating role in leukemias. How do cells expressing RUNX1 fusion oncoproteins evade RUNX‐mediated growth suppression? Previous studies showed that the TEL‐RUNX1 fusion from t(12;21) B‐ALLs is unable to induce senescence‐like growth arrest (SLGA) in primary fibroblasts while potent activity is displayed by the RUNX1‐ETO fusion found in t(8;21) AMLs. We now show that SLGA potential is suppressed in TEL‐RUNX1 but reactivated by deletion of the TEL HLH domain or mutation of a key residue (K99R). Attenuation of SLGA activity is also a feature of RUNX1‐ETO9a, a minor product of t(8;21) translocations with increased leukemogenicity. Finally, while RUNX1‐ETO induces SLGA it also drives a potent senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and promotes the immortalization of rare cells that escape SLGA. Moreover, the RUNX1‐ETO SASP is not strictly linked to growth arrest as it is largely suppressed by RUNX1 and partially activated by RUNX1‐ETO9a. These findings underline the heterogeneous nature of premature senescence and the multiple mechanisms by which this failsafe process is subverted in cells expressing RUNX1 oncoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Anderson
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nancy Mackay
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathryn Gilroy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jodie Hay
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gillian Borland
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alma McDonald
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret Bell
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Siti Ayuni Hassanudin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ewan Cameron
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - James C Neil
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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35
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Lin S, Mulloy JC, Goyama S. RUNX1-ETO Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 962:151-173. [PMID: 28299657 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-3233-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AML1-ETO leukemia is the most common cytogenetic subtype of acute myeloid leukemia, defined by the presence of t(8;21). Remarkable progress has been achieved in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of AML1-ETO leukemia. Proteomic surveies have shown that AML-ETO forms a stable complex with several transcription factors, including E proteins. Genome-wide transcriptome and ChIP-seq analyses have revealed the genes directly regulated by AML1-ETO, such as CEBPA. Several lines of evidence suggest that AML1-ETO suppresses endogenous DNA repair in cells to promote mutagenesis, which facilitates acquisition of cooperating secondary events. Furthermore, it has become increasingly apparent that a delicate balance of AML1-ETO and native AML1 is important to sustain the malignant cell phenotype. Translation of these findings into the clinical setting is just beginning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lin
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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36
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Yao C, Kobayashi M, Chen S, Nabinger SC, Gao R, Liu SZ, Asai T, Liu Y. Necdin modulates leukemia-initiating cell quiescence and chemotherapy response. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87607-87622. [PMID: 29152105 PMCID: PMC5675657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating illness which carries a very poor prognosis, with most patients living less than 18 months. Leukemia relapse may occur because current therapies eliminate proliferating leukemia cells but fail to eradicate quiescent leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) that can reinitiate the disease after a period of latency. While we demonstrated that p53 target gene Necdin maintains hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence, its roles in LIC quiescence and response to chemotherapy are unclear. In this study, we utilized two well-established murine models of human AML induced by MLL-AF9 or AML1-ETO9a to determine the role of Necdin in leukemogenesis. We found that loss of Necdin decreased the number of functional LICs and enhanced myeloid differentiation in vivo, leading to delayed development of leukemia induced by MLL-AF9. Importantly, Necdin null LICs expressing MLL-AF9 were less quiescent than wild-type LICs. Further, loss of Necdin enhanced the response of MLL-AF9+ leukemia cells to chemotherapy treatment, manifested by decreased viability and enhanced apoptosis. We observed decreased expression of Bcl2 and increased expression of p53 and its target gene Bax in Necdin null leukemia cells following chemotherapy treatment, indicating that p53-dependent apoptotic pathways may be activated in the absence of Necdin. In addition, we found that loss of Necdin decreased the engraftment of AML1-ETO9a+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in transplantation assays. However, Necdin-deficiency did not affect the response of AML1-ETO9a+ hematopoietic cells to chemotherapy treatment. Thus, Necdin regulates leukemia-initiating cell quiescence and chemotherapy response in a context-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of Necdin may hold potential as a novel therapy for leukemia patients with MLL translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghua Yao
- Department of Rheumatism, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarah C Nabinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephen Z Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Takashi Asai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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37
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A FOXO1-induced oncogenic network defines the AML1-ETO preleukemic program. Blood 2017; 130:1213-1222. [PMID: 28710059 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-750976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and blocking the self-renewal pathway of preleukemia stem cells could prevent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse. In this study, we show that increased FOXO1 represents a critical mechanism driving aberrant self-renewal in preleukemic cells expressing the t(8;21)-associated oncogene AML1-ETO (AE). Although generally considered as a tumor suppressor, FOXO1 is consistently upregulated in t(8;21) AML. Expression of FOXO1 in human CD34+ cells promotes a preleukemic state with enhanced self-renewal and dysregulated differentiation. The DNA binding domain of FOXO1 is essential for these functions. FOXO1 activates a stem cell molecular signature that is also present in AE preleukemia cells and preserved in t(8;21) patient samples. Genome-wide binding studies show that AE and FOXO1 share the majority of their binding sites, whereby FOXO1 binds to multiple crucial self-renewal genes and is required for their activation. In agreement with this observation, genetic and pharmacological ablation of FOXO1 inhibited the long-term proliferation and clonogenicity of AE cells and t(8;21) AML cell lines. Targeting of FOXO1 therefore provides a potential therapeutic strategy for elimination of stem cells at both preleukemic and leukemic stages.
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38
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AML1-ETO requires enhanced C/D box snoRNA/RNP formation to induce self-renewal and leukaemia. Nat Cell Biol 2017. [PMID: 28650479 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Leukaemogenesis requires enhanced self-renewal, which is induced by oncogenes. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified C/D box snoRNAs and rRNA 2'-O-methylation as critical determinants of leukaemic stem cell activity. Leukaemogenesis by AML1-ETO required expression of the groucho-related amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES). AES functioned by inducing snoRNA/RNP formation via interaction with the RNA helicase DDX21. Similarly, global loss of C/D box snoRNAs with concomitant loss of rRNA 2'-O-methylation resulted in decreased leukaemia self-renewal potential. Genomic deletion of either C/D box snoRNA SNORD14D or SNORD35A suppressed clonogenic potential of leukaemia cells in vitro and delayed leukaemogenesis in vivo. We further showed that AML1-ETO9a, MYC and MLL-AF9 all enhanced snoRNA formation. Expression levels of C/D box snoRNAs in AML patients correlated closely with in vivo frequency of leukaemic stem cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that induction of C/D box snoRNA/RNP function constitutes an important pathway in leukaemogenesis.
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39
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Yonezawa T, Takahashi H, Shikata S, Liu X, Tamura M, Asada S, Fukushima T, Fukuyama T, Tanaka Y, Sawasaki T, Kitamura T, Goyama S. The ubiquitin ligase STUB1 regulates stability and activity of RUNX1 and RUNX1-RUNX1T1. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:12528-12541. [PMID: 28536267 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.785675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 is a member of RUNX transcription factors and plays important roles in hematopoiesis. Disruption of RUNX1 activity has been implicated in the development of hematopoietic neoplasms. Chromosomal translocations involving the RUNX1 gene are associated with several types of leukemia, including acute myeloid leukemia driven by a leukemogenic fusion protein RUNX1-RUNX1T1. Previous studies have shown that RUNX1 is an unstable protein and is subjected to proteolytic degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. However, the precise mechanisms of RUNX1 ubiquitination have not been fully understood. Furthermore, much less is known about the mechanisms to regulate the stability of RUNX1-RUNX1T1. In this study, we identified several RUNX1-interacting E3 ubiquitin ligases using a novel high-throughput binding assay. Among them, we found that STUB1 bound to RUNX1 and induced its ubiquitination and degradation mainly in the nucleus. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the STUB1-induced ubiquitination also promoted nuclear export of RUNX1, which probably contributes to the reduced transcriptional activity of RUNX1 in STUB1-overexpressing cells. STUB1 also induced ubiquitination of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and down-regulated its expression. Importantly, STUB1 overexpression showed a substantial growth-inhibitory effect in myeloid leukemia cells that harbor RUNX1-RUNX1T1, whereas it showed only a marginal effect in other non-RUNX1-RUNX1T1 leukemia cells and normal human cord blood cells. Taken together, these data suggest that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 is a negative regulator of both RUNX1 and RUNX1-RUNX1T1. Activation of STUB1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for RUNX1-RUNX1T1 leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Yonezawa
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shiori Shikata
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Moe Tamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Shuhei Asada
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Tomofusa Fukuyama
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Yosuke Tanaka
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639.
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Goyama S, Shrestha M, Schibler J, Rosenfeldt L, Miller W, O’Brien E, Mizukawa B, Kitamura T, Palumbo JS, Mulloy JC. Protease-activated receptor-1 inhibits proliferation but enhances leukemia stem cell activity in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2017; 36:2589-2598. [PMID: 27819671 PMCID: PMC5418093 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Eradication of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is the ultimate goal of treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We recently showed that the combined loss of Runx1/Cbfb inhibited the development of MLL-AF9-induced AML. However, c-Kit+/Gr-1- cells remained viable in Runx1/Cbfb-deleted cells, indicating that suppressing RUNX activity may not eradicate the most immature LSCs. In this study, we found upregulation of several hemostasis-related genes, including the thrombin-activatable receptor PAR-1 (protease-activated receptor-1), in Runx1/Cbfb-deleted MLL-AF9 cells. Similar to the effect of Runx1/Cbfb deletion, PAR-1 overexpression induced CDKN1A/p21 expression and attenuated proliferation in MLL-AF9 cells. To our surprise, PAR-1 deficiency also prevented leukemia development induced by a small number of MLL-AF9 leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in vivo. PAR-1 deficiency also reduced leukemogenicity of AML1-ETO-induced leukemia. Re-expression of PAR-1 in PAR-1-deficient cells combined with a limiting-dilution transplantation assay demonstrated the cell-dose-dependent role of PAR-1 in MLL-AF9 leukemia: PAR-1 inhibited rapid leukemic proliferation when there were a large number of LSCs, while a small number of LSCs required PAR-1 for their efficient growth. Mechanistically, PAR-1 increased the adherence properties of MLL-AF9 cells and promoted their engraftment to bone marrow. Taken together, these data revealed a multifaceted role for PAR-1 in leukemogenesis, and highlight this receptor as a potential target to eradicate primitive LSCs in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goyama
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Shrestha
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Schibler
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - L Rosenfeldt
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - W Miller
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - E O’Brien
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - B Mizukawa
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - T Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - JS Palumbo
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - JC Mulloy
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
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AML1/ETO accelerates cell migration and impairs cell-to-cell adhesion and homing of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34957. [PMID: 27713544 PMCID: PMC5054523 DOI: 10.1038/srep34957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The AML1/ETO fusion protein found in acute myeloid leukemias functions as a transcriptional regulator by recruiting co-repressor complexes to its DNA binding site. In order to extend the understanding of its role in preleukemia, we expressed AML1/ETO in a murine immortalized pluripotent hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell line, EML C1, and found that genes involved in functions such as cell-to-cell adhesion and cell motility were among the most significantly regulated as determined by RNA sequencing. In functional assays, AML1/ETO-expressing cells showed a decrease in adhesion to stromal cells, an increase of cell migration rate in vitro, and displayed an impairment in homing and engraftment in vivo upon transplantation into recipient mice. Our results suggest that AML1/ETO expression determines a more mobile and less adherent phenotype in preleukemic cells, therefore altering the interaction with the hematopoietic niche, potentially leading to the migration across the bone marrow barrier and to disease progression.
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New insights into transcriptional and leukemogenic mechanisms of AML1-ETO and E2A fusion proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:285-304. [PMID: 28261265 DOI: 10.1007/s11515-016-1415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 15% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases are caused by aberrant expression of AML1-ETO, a fusion protein generated by the t(8;21) chromosomal translocation. Since its discovery, AML1-ETO has served as a prototype to understand how leukemia fusion proteins deregulate transcription to promote leukemogenesis. Another leukemia fusion protein, E2A-Pbx1, generated by the t(1;19) translocation, is involved in acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs). While AML1-ETO and E2A-Pbx1 are structurally unrelated fusion proteins, we have recently shown that a common axis, the ETO/E-protein interaction, is involved in the regulation of both fusion proteins, underscoring the importance of studying protein-protein interactions in elucidating the mechanisms of leukemia fusion proteins. OBJECTIVE In this review, we aim to summarize these new developments while also providing a historic overview of the related early studies. METHODS A total of 218 publications were reviewed in this article, a majority of which were published after 2004.We also downloaded 3D structures of AML1-ETO domains from Protein Data Bank and provided a systematic summary of their structures. RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we summarized early and recent findings on AML1-ETO, including its protein-protein interactions, transcriptional and leukemogenic mechanisms, as well as the recently reported involvement of ETO family corepressors in regulating the function of E2A-Pbx1. CONCLUSION While the recent development in genomic and structural studies has clearly demonstrated that the fusion proteins function by directly regulating transcription, a further understanding of the underlying mechanisms, including crosstalk with other transcription factors and cofactors, and the protein-protein interactions in the context of native proteins, may be necessary for the development of highly targeted drugs for leukemia therapy.
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Supraphysiologic levels of the AML1-ETO isoform AE9a are essential for transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9075-80. [PMID: 27457952 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524225113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocation 8;21 is found in 40% of the FAB M2 subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The resultant in-frame fusion protein AML1-ETO (AE) acts as an initiating oncogene for leukemia development. AE immortalizes human CD34(+) cord blood cells in long-term culture. We assessed the transforming properties of the alternatively spliced AE isoform AE9a (or alternative splicing at exon 9), which is fully transforming in a murine retroviral model, in human cord blood cells. Full activity was realized only upon increased fusion protein expression. This effect was recapitulated in the AE9a murine AML model. Cotransduction of AE and AE9a resulted in a strong selective pressure for AE-expressing cells. In the context of AE, AE9a did not show selection for increased expression, affirming observations of human t(8;21) patient samples where full-length AE is the dominant protein detected. Mechanistically, AE9a showed defective transcriptional regulation of AE target genes that was partially corrected at high expression. Together, these results bring an additional perspective to our understanding of AE function and highlight the contribution of oncogene expression level in t(8;21) experimental models.
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Shin TH, Brynczka C, Dayyani F, Rivera MN, Sweetser DA. TLE4 regulation of wnt-mediated inflammation underlies its role as a tumor suppressor in myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2016; 48:46-56. [PMID: 27486062 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of AML1-ETO (RUNX1-CBF2T1), a fusion oncoprotein resulting from a t(8;21) chromosomal translocation, has been implicated as a necessary but insufficient event in the development of a subset of acute myeloid leukemias (AML). While AML1-ETO prolongs survival and inhibits differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), other contributory events are needed for cell proliferation and leukemogenesis. We have postulated that specific tumor suppressor genes keep the leukemic potential of AML1-ETO in check. In studying del(9q), one of the most common concomitant chromosomal abnormalities with t(8;21), we identified the loss of an apparent tumor suppressor, TLE4, that appears to cooperate with AML1-ETO to confer a leukemic phenotype. This study sought to identify the molecular basis of this cooperation. We show that the loss of TLE4 confers proliferative advantage to leukemic cells, simultaneous with an upregulation of a pro- inflammatory signature mediated through aberrant increases in Wnt signaling activity. We further demonstrate that inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity partly reverses the pro-leukemic phenotype due to TLE4 knockdown, pointing towards a novel therapeutic approach for myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Christopher Brynczka
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Farshid Dayyani
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Miguel N Rivera
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - David A Sweetser
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
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Weng S, Matsuura S, Mowery CT, Stoner SA, Lam K, Ran D, Davis AG, Lo MC, Zhang DE. Restoration of MYC-repressed targets mediates the negative effects of GM-CSF on RUNX1-ETO leukemogenicity. Leukemia 2016; 31:159-169. [PMID: 27389055 PMCID: PMC5214981 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
GM-CSF signaling regulates hematopoiesis and immune responses. CSF2RA, the gene encoding the α subunit for GM-CSF, is significantly downregulated in t(8;21) (RUNX1-ETO or RE) leukemia patients, suggesting that it may serve as a tumor suppressor. We previously reported that GM-CSF signaling is inhibitory to RE leukemogenesis. Here we conducted gene expression profiling of primary RE hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) treated with GM-CSF to elucidate the mechanisms mediating the negative effects of GM on RE leukemogenicity. We observed that GM treatment of RE HSPCs resulted in a unique gene expression profile that resembles primary human cells undergoing myelopoiesis, which was not observed in control HSPCs. Additionally we discovered that GM-CSF signaling attenuates MYC-associated gene signatures in RE HSPCs. In agreement with this, a functional screen of a subset of GM-CSF-responsive genes demonstrated that a MYC inhibitor, MXI1, reduced the leukemic potential of RE HSPCs and t(8;21) AML cells. Furthermore, MYC knockdown and treatment with the BET inhibitor JQ1 reduced the leukemic potential of t(8;21) cell lines. Altogether, we discovered a novel molecular mechanism mediating the GM-CSF-induced reduction in leukemic potential of RE cells, and our findings support MYC inhibition as an effective strategy for reducing the leukemogenicity of t(8;21) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Weng
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Matsuura
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C T Mowery
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S A Stoner
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - K Lam
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D Ran
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A G Davis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M-C Lo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D-E Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Tran NT, Su H, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Lin S, Zhang L, Zhou D, Pawlik KM, Townes TM, Chen Y, Mulloy JC, Zhao X. The AS-RBM15 lncRNA enhances RBM15 protein translation during megakaryocyte differentiation. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:887-900. [PMID: 27118388 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antisense RNAs regulate the transcription and translation of the corresponding sense genes. Here, we report that an antisense RNA, AS-RBM15, is transcribed in the opposite direction within exon 1 of RBM15 RBM15 is a regulator of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and is also involved in a chromosome translocation t(1;22) in acute megakaryocytic leukemia. MK terminal differentiation is enhanced by up-regulation of AS-RBM15 expression and attenuated by AS-RBM15 knockdown. At the molecular level, AS-RBM15 enhances RBM15 protein translation in a CAP-dependent manner. The region of the antisense AS-RBM15 RNA, which overlaps with the 5'UTR of RBM15, is sufficient for the up-regulation of RBM15 protein translation. In addition, we find that transcription of both RBM15 and AS-RBM15 is activated by the transcription factor RUNX1 and repressed by RUNX1-ETO, a leukemic fusion protein. Therefore, AS-RBM15 is a regulator of megakaryocyte differentiation and may play a regulatory role in leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Tung Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hairui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shan Lin
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dewang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kevin M Pawlik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tim M Townes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA Research Department, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Maiques-Diaz A, Hernando M, Sánchez-López A, Rio-Machin A, Shrestha M, Mulloy JC, Cigudosa JC, Alvarez S. MAPK8-mediated stabilization of SP1 is essential for RUNX1-RUNX1T1 - driven leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2016; 172:807-10. [PMID: 26058961 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Maiques-Diaz
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. ,
| | - Miriam Hernando
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Sánchez-López
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rio-Machin
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mahesh Shrestha
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Juan C Cigudosa
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Alvarez
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
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McGrath JP, Williamson KE, Balasubramanian S, Odate S, Arora S, Hatton C, Edwards TM, O'Brien T, Magnuson S, Stokoe D, Daniels DL, Bryant BM, Trojer P. Pharmacological Inhibition of the Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM1A Suppresses the Growth of Multiple Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subtypes. Cancer Res 2016; 76:1975-88. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen M, Zhu N, Liu X, Laurent B, Tang Z, Eng R, Shi Y, Armstrong SA, Roeder RG. JMJD1C is required for the survival of acute myeloid leukemia by functioning as a coactivator for key transcription factors. Genes Dev 2016; 29:2123-39. [PMID: 26494788 PMCID: PMC4617977 DOI: 10.1101/gad.267278.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (formerly AML1-ETO), a transcription factor generated by the t(8;21) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), dictates a leukemic program by increasing self-renewal and inhibiting differentiation. Here we demonstrate that the histone demethylase JMJD1C functions as a coactivator for RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and is required for its transcriptional program. JMJD1C is directly recruited by RUNX1-RUNX1T1 to its target genes and regulates their expression by maintaining low H3K9 dimethyl (H3K9me2) levels. Analyses in JMJD1C knockout mice also establish a JMJD1C requirement for RUNX1-RUNX1T1's ability to increase proliferation. We also show a critical role for JMJD1C in the survival of multiple human AML cell lines, suggesting that it is required for leukemic programs in different AML cell types through its association with key transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Nan Zhu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
| | - Benoit Laurent
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Zhanyun Tang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Rowena Eng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Robert G Roeder
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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