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Cui Y, Ma X, Wei J, Chen C, Shakir N, Guirram H, Dai Z, Anderson T, Ferguson D, Qiu S. MET receptor tyrosine kinase promotes the generation of functional synapses in adult cortical circuits. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1431-1444. [PMID: 39075910 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202505000-00026/figure1/v/2024-07-28T173839Z/r/image-tiff Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration, however, few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function. We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis. To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential, we created a knockin mouse line, in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult (10-12 months) cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow. We found that similar to the developing brain, turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons. These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses. Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increased α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-D-aspartate (AMPA/NMDA) receptor current ratio, indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity. Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain. These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Cui
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaokuang Ma
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jing Wei
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Chang Chen
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Neha Shakir
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Hitesch Guirram
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Trent Anderson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Deveroux Ferguson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Shenfeng Qiu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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2
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Kim H, Kim BJ, Koh S, Cho HJ, Jin X, Kim BG, Choi JY. High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system: regeneration hidden beneath inflammation. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:107-115. [PMID: 38767480 PMCID: PMC11246138 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields, including neurology and neuroscience. High-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern, which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury. Several drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern, such as glycyrrhizin, ethyl pyruvate, and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies, are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system disorders. Although it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect, high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system disorders. In this narrative review, we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern, its downstream receptors, and intracellular signaling pathways, how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system, and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory role. Research targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanki Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bum Jun Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seungyon Koh
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Cho
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Xuelian Jin
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Byung Gon Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Choi
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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3
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Wu T, Zheng C, Zou X. The Application of Organoids in the Study of Antiviral Innate Immunity. Methods Mol Biol 2025; 2854:199-212. [PMID: 39192131 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4108-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Antiviral innate immunity plays a critical role in the defense against viral infections, yet its complex interactions with viruses have been challenging to study using traditional models. Organoids, three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like structures derived from stem cells, have emerged as powerful tools for modeling human tissues and studying the complex interactions between viruses and the host innate immune system. This chapter summarizes relevant applications of organoids in antiviral innate immunity studies and provides detailed information and experimental procedures for using organoids to study antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Shi R, Liu X, Wang Y, Pan M, Wang S, Shi L, Ni B. Long-term stability and immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is affected by particle size. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2342592. [PMID: 38714327 PMCID: PMC11085994 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2342592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology has been rapidly applied for the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, naked mRNA itself is inherently unstable. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) protect mRNAs from extracellular ribonucleases and facilitate mRNA trafficking. For mRNA vaccines, antigen-presenting cells utilize LNPs through uptake to elicit antigen-specific immunity. There are reports on the impact of various physical characteristics of LNPs, particularly those with sizes less than 200 nm, especially 50 to 150 nm, on the overall stability and protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines. To address this, a single change in the size of LNPs using the same mRNA stock solution was assessed for the physicochemical characterization of the resulting mRNA-LNPs vaccine, along with the evaluation of their protective efficacy. Particles of smaller sizes generally disperse more effectively in solutions, with minimized occurrence of particle precipitation and aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that the vaccine containing 80-100 nm mRNA-LNPs showed the best stability and protection at 4°C and -20°C. Furthermore, we can conclude that freezing the vaccine at -20°C is more appropriate for maintaining stability over the long term. This effort is poised to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of ongoing mRNA vaccine endeavors and providing information on the development of novel products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Meilu Pan
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shaoqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lin Shi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Beibei Ni
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
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Petrovsky N. Clinical development of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant spike protein vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2363016. [PMID: 38839044 PMCID: PMC11155708 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2363016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant protein vaccines represent a well-established, reliable and safe approach for pandemic vaccination. SpikoGen® is a recombinant spike protein trimer manufactured in insect cells and formulated with Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvant. In murine, hamster, ferret and non-human primate studies, SpikoGen® consistently provided protection against a range of SARS-CoV-2 variants. A pivotal Phase 3 placebo-controlled efficacy trial involving 16,876 participants confirmed the ability of SpikoGen® to prevent infection and severe disease caused by the virulent Delta strain. SpikoGen® subsequently received a marketing authorization from the Iranian FDA in early October 2021 for prevention of COVID-19 in adults. Following a successful pediatric study, its approval was extended to children 5 years and older. Eight million doses of SpikoGen® have been delivered, and a next-generation booster version is currently in development. This highlights the benefits of adjuvanted protein-based approaches which should not overlook when vaccine platforms are being selected for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Petrovsky
- Research Department, Australian Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Institute Ltd, Adelaide, Australia
- Research Department, Vaxine Pty Ltd, Warradale, Australia
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6
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Alhazmi AI, El-Refaei MF, Abdallah EAA. Protective effects of gallic acid against nickel-induced kidney injury: impact of antioxidants and transcription factor on the incidence of nephrotoxicity. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2344656. [PMID: 38685608 PMCID: PMC11062283 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2344656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a common metal with a nephrotoxic effect, damaging the kidneys. This study investigated the mechanism by which gallic acid (GA) protects mice kidneys against renal damage induced by Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs). Forty male Swiss albino mice were randomly assigned into four groups, each consisting of ten mice (n = 10/group): Group I the control group, received no treatment; Group II, the GA group, was administrated GA at a dosage of 110 mg/kg/day body weight; Group III, the NiO-NPs group, received injection of NiO-NPs at a concentration of 20 mg/kg body weight for 10 consecutive days; Group IV, the GA + NiO-NPs group, underwent treatment with both GA and NiO-NPs. The results showed a significant increase in serum biochemical markers and a reduction in antioxidant activities. Moreover, levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (p65), and protein carbonyl (PC) were significantly elevated in group III compared with group I. Furthermore, the western blot analysis revealed significant high NF-κB p65 expression, immunohistochemistry of the NF-κB and caspase-1 expression levels were significantly increased in group III compared to group I. Additionally, the histopathological inspection of the kidney in group III exhibited a substantial increase in extensive necrosis features compared with group I. In contrast, the concomitant coadministration of GA and NiO-NPs in group IV showed significant biochemical, antioxidant activities, immunohistochemical and histopathological improvements compared with group III. Gallic acid has a protective role against kidney dysfunction and renal damage in Ni-nanoparticle toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed F. El-Refaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genetic Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Eman A. A. Abdallah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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7
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Wang Y, Yuan X, Wang T, Wei W, Wu S, Hou H. Comprehensive evaluation of immune dysregulation in secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Virulence 2024; 15:2342276. [PMID: 38629410 PMCID: PMC11028026 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2342276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Host immune dysfunction plays a crucial role in the onset, progression, and outcome of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the peripheral immune profiles in patients with newly diagnosed secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH), and explore their predictive value for patient prognosis. A total of 77 patients with sHLH were enrolled in this study, with 31 of them experiencing mortality. Flow cytometry was used to assess the percentages, absolute numbers, and phenotypes of lymphocyte subsets. Simultaneously, cytokine levels and routine laboratory indicators were also collected. In sHLH patients, lymphocyte subset absolute numbers were significantly impaired, accompanied by T cell hyperactivation, B cell hyperactivation, and increased plasmablast proliferation. Prognostic analysis revealed that lower CD8+ T cell percentages, elevated APTT, IL-6, IL-10 levels, and increased CD4+CD28null T cell proportions were associated with poor patient outcomes. The study demonstrates dysregulation in the counts and phenotypes of lymphocyte subsets in sHLH patients. Several key factors, including IL-6, IL-10, APTT, and various T cell percentages, have potential as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in sHLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiji Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Gong Q, Jiang R, Ji L, Lin H, Liu M, Tang X, Yang Y, Han W, Chen J, Guo Z, Wang Q, Li Q, Wang X, Jiang T, Xie S, Yang X, Zhou P, Shi Z, Lin X. Establishment of a human organoid-based evaluation system for assessing interspecies infection risk of animal-borne coronaviruses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2327368. [PMID: 38531008 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2327368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presents a major threat to global public health. Several lines of evidence have shown that the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with two other highly pathogenic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) originated from bats. To prevent and control future coronavirus outbreaks, it is necessary to investigate the interspecies infection and pathogenicity risks of animal-related coronaviruses. Currently used infection models, including in vitro cell lines and in vivo animal models, fail to fully mimic the primary infection in human tissues. Here, we employed organoid technology as a promising new model for studying emerging pathogens and their pathogenic mechanisms. We investigated the key host-virus interaction patterns of five human coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2 original strain, Omicron BA.1, MERS-CoV, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-OC43) in different human respiratory organoids. Five indicators, including cell tropism, invasion preference, replication activity, host response and virus-induced cell death, were developed to establish a comprehensive evaluation system to predict coronavirus interspecies infection and pathogenicity risks. Using this system, we further examined the pathogenicity and interspecies infection risks of three SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV), including WIV1 and rRsSHC014S from bats, and MpCoV-GX from pangolins. Moreover, we found that cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive plant extract, exhibits significant inhibitory effects on various coronaviruses in human lung organoid. Cannabidiol significantly enhanced interferon-stimulated gene expression but reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines. In summary, our study established a reliable comprehensive evaluation system to analyse infection and pathogenicity patterns of zoonotic coronaviruses, which could aid in prevention and control of potentially emerging coronavirus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rendi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Haofeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishuo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhe Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglou Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
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9
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Burke Ó, Zeden MS, O'Gara JP. The pathogenicity and virulence of the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis. Virulence 2024; 15:2359483. [PMID: 38868991 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2359483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The pervasive presence of Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin and mucous membranes has long underpinned a casual disregard for the infection risk that these organisms pose to vulnerable patients in healthcare settings. Prior to the recognition of biofilm as an important virulence determinant in S. epidermidis, isolation of this microorganism in diagnostic specimens was often overlooked as clinically insignificant with potential delays in diagnosis and onset of appropriate treatment, contributing to the establishment of chronic infection and increased morbidity or mortality. While impressive progress has been made in our understanding of biofilm mechanisms in this important opportunistic pathogen, research into other virulence determinants has lagged S. aureus. In this review, the broader virulence potential of S. epidermidis including biofilm, toxins, proteases, immune evasion strategies and antibiotic resistance mechanisms is surveyed, together with current and future approaches for improved therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Órla Burke
- Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - James P O'Gara
- Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Li TT, Bai HY, Zhang JH, Kang XH, Qu YQ. Identification and Validation of Aging Related Genes Signature in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2024; 21:2379811. [PMID: 39138958 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2379811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is regarded as an accelerated aging disease. Aging-related genes in COPD are still poorly understood. METHOD Data set GSE76925 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The "limma" package identified the differentially expressed genes. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) constructes co-expression modules and detect COPD-related modules. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were chosen to identify the hub genes and the diagnostic ability. Three external datasets were used to identify differences in the expression of hub genes. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the expression of hub genes. RESULT We identified 15 differentially expressed genes associated with aging (ARDEGs). The SVM-RFE and LASSO algorithms pinpointed four potential diagnostic biomarkers. Analysis of external datasets confirmed significant differences in PIK3R1 expression. RT-qPCR results indicated decreased expression of hub genes. The ROC curve demonstrated that PIK3R1 exhibited strong diagnostic capability for COPD. CONCLUSION We identified 15 differentially expressed genes associated with aging. Among them, PIK3R1 showed differences in external data sets and RT-qPCR results. Therefore, PIK3R1 may play an essential role in regulating aging involved in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Yan Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiu-He Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Qing Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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11
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Pressley KR, Schwegman L, Montes De Oca Arena M, Chase Huizar C, Zamvil SS, Forsthuber TG. HLA-transgenic mouse models to study autoimmune central nervous system diseases. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2387414. [PMID: 39167553 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2387414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
It is known that certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are associated with autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), but their exact role in disease susceptibility and etiopathogenesis remains unclear. The best studied HLA-associated autoimmune CNS disease is MS, and thus will be the primary focus of this review. Other HLA-associated autoimmune CNS diseases, such as autoimmune encephalitis and neuromyelitis optica will be discussed. The lack of animal models to accurately capture the complex human autoimmune response remains a major challenge. HLA transgenic (tg) mice provide researchers with powerful tools to investigate the underlying mechanisms promoting susceptibility and progression of HLA-associated autoimmune CNS diseases, as well as for elucidating the myelin epitopes potentially targeted by T cells in autoimmune disease patients. We will discuss the potential role(s) of autoimmune disease-associated HLA alleles in autoimmune CNS diseases and highlight information provided by studies using HLA tg mice to investigate the underlying pathological mechanisms and opportunities to use these models for development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R Pressley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lance Schwegman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maria Montes De Oca Arena
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carol Chase Huizar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas G Forsthuber
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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12
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Nong J, Li H, Yang Y, Lu Q, Sun Y, Yin Q, He H. Low serum hepcidin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence from meta-analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2375568. [PMID: 38976752 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2375568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron metabolism plays a significant role in the development of metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Despite the importance of hepcidin, a key iron regulator, current research on serum hepcidin levels in PCOS patients shows conflicting results. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database were systematically searched from their inception to 9 September 2023. The search aimed to identify studies in English and Chinese that examined hepcidin levels in women with PCOS compared to healthy control subjects. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to evaluate the difference in serum hepcidin levels between women with and without PCOS. RESULTS The meta-analysis included a total of 10 eligible studies, which encompassed 499 PCOS patients and 391 control subjects. The pooled analysis revealed a significant reduction in serum hepcidin levels among the PCOS patients compared to the healthy controls (SMD = -3.49, 95% CI: -4.68 to -2.30, p < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in serum hepcidin levels between PCOS patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 and those with a BMI ≥ 25 (p > .05). CONCLUSION The serum hepcidin levels of women with PCOS were significantly lower than those of healthy controls, which suggests that serum hepcidin could be a potential biomarker for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieou Nong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunfei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiujie Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hongying He
- Department of Gynecology, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
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13
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Lin Z, Li S, Wu Q, Qu H, Shi X, Wang K, Tang C, Yin C. In situ customized apolipoprotein B48-enriched protein corona enhances oral gene delivery of chitosan-based nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122704. [PMID: 39018697 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The formation of protein corona (PC) is important for promoting the in vivo delivery of nanoparticles (NPs). However, PC formed in the physiological environment of oral delivery is poorly understood. Here, we engineered seven types of trimethyl chitosan-cysteine (TC) NPs, with distinct molecular weights, quaternization degrees, and thiolation degrees, to deeply investigate the influence of various PC formed in the physiological environment of oral delivery on in vivo gene delivery of polymeric NPs, further constructing the relationship between the surface characteristics of NPs and the efficacy of oral gene delivery. Our findings reveal that TC7 NPs, with high molecular weight, moderate quaternization, and high sulfhydryl content, modulate PC formation in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing particle size and promoting oral delivery of gene loaded TC7 NPs. Orally delivered TC7 NPs target macrophages by in situ adsorption of apolipoprotein (Apo) B48 in intestinal tissue, leading to the improved in vivo antihepatoma efficacy via the natural tumor homing ability of macrophages. Our results suggest that efficient oral delivery of genes can be achieved through an in situ customized ApoB48-enriched PC, offering a promising modality in treating macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Shengqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Hongfei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Xiliang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Cui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Chunhua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China.
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14
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Zhang W, Chen X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Feng J, Wang D, Wang Z, Tang J, Qing S, Zhang Y. Identification of HIST1H2BH as the hub gene associated with multiple myeloma using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Hematology 2024; 29:2335421. [PMID: 38568025 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2335421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identifying the specific biomarkers and molecular signatures of MM might provide novel evidence for MM prognosis and targeted therapy. METHODS Bioinformatic analyses were performed through GEO and TCGA datasets. The differential expression of HIST1H2BH in MM sample was validated by the qRT-PCR. And the CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the proliferation activity of HIST1H2BH on MM cell lines. RESULTS A total of 793 DEGs were identified between bone marrow plasma cells from newly diagnosed myeloma and normal donors in GSE6477. Among them, four vital genes (HIST1H2AC, HIST1H2BH, CCND1 and TCF7L2) modeling were constructed. The increased HIST1H2BH expression was correlated with worse survival of MM based on TCGA datasets. The transcriptional expression of HIST1H2BH was significantly up-regulated in primary MM patients. And knockdown HIST1H2BH decreased the proliferation of MM cell lines. CONCLUSIONS We have identified up-regulated HIST1H2BH in MM patients associated with poor prognosis using integrated bioinformatical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Qing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhang X, He B, Lu J, Bao Q, Wang J, Yang Y. The crucial roles and research advances of cGAS‑STING pathway in liver diseases. Ann Med 2024; 56:2394588. [PMID: 39183465 PMCID: PMC11348815 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2394588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation responses have identified as a key mediator of in various liver diseases with high morbidity and mortality. cGAS-STING signalling is essential in innate immunity since it triggers release of type I interferons and various of proinflammatory cytokines. The potential connection between cGAS-STING pathway and liver inflammatory diseases has recently been reported widely. In our review, the impact of cGAS-STING on liver inflammation and regulatory mechanism are summarized. Furthermore, many inhibitors of cGAS-STING signalling as promising agents to cure liver inflammation are also explored in detail. A comprehensive knowledge of molecular mechanisms of cGAS-STING signalling in liver inflammation is vital for exploring novel treatments and providing recommendations and perspectives for future utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiongling Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yida Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Cheng X, Meng X, Chen R, Song Z, Li S, Wei S, Lv H, Zhang S, Tang H, Jiang Y, Zhang R. The molecular subtypes of autoimmune diseases. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1348-1363. [PMID: 38596313 PMCID: PMC11001648 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are characterized by their complexity and a wide range of clinical differences. Despite patients presenting with similar symptoms and disease patterns, their reactions to treatments may vary. The current approach of personalized medicine, which relies on molecular data, is seen as an effective method to address the variability in these diseases. This review examined the pathologic classification of ADs, such as multiple sclerosis and lupus nephritis, over time. Acknowledging the limitations inherent in pathologic classification, the focus shifted to molecular classification to achieve a deeper insight into disease heterogeneity. The study outlined the established methods and findings from the molecular classification of ADs, categorizing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) into four subtypes, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) into two, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) into three, and multiple sclerosis (MS) into a single subtype. It was observed that the high inflammation subtype of IBD, the RA inflammation subtype, and the MS "inflammation & EGF" subtype share similarities. These subtypes all display a consistent pattern of inflammation that is primarily driven by the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, with the effective drugs being those that target this signaling pathway. Additionally, by identifying markers that are uniquely associated with the various subtypes within the same disease, the study was able to describe the differences between subtypes in detail. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of personalized treatment plans for patients and establish a strong basis for tailored approaches to treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zerun Song
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Siyu Wei
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchao Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuhao Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Tang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongshuai Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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17
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Čolić M, Kraljević Pavelić S, Peršurić Ž, Agaj A, Bulog A, Pavelić K. Enhancing the bioavailability and activity of natural antioxidants with nanobubbles and nanoparticles. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2333619. [PMID: 38577911 PMCID: PMC11000614 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2333619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
KEY POLICY HIGHLIGHTSNanobubbles and nanoparticles may enhance the polyphenols' bioavailabilityNanobubbles may stimulate the activation of Nrf2 and detox enzymesArmoured oxygen nanobubbles may enhance radiotherapy or chemotherapy effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Željka Peršurić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Pula, Croatia
| | - Andrea Agaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Pula, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Bulog
- Teaching Institute for Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Pavelić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Pula, Croatia
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18
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Xu X, Yang Y, Tan X, Zhang Z, Wang B, Yang X, Weng C, Yu R, Zhao Q, Quan S. Hepatic encephalopathy post-TIPS: Current status and prospects in predictive assessment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:493-506. [PMID: 39076168 PMCID: PMC11284497 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an essential procedure for the treatment of portal hypertension but can result in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a serious complication that worsens patient outcomes. Investigating predictors of HE after TIPS is essential to improve prognosis. This review analyzes risk factors and compares predictive models, weighing traditional scores such as Child-Pugh, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) against emerging artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. While traditional scores provide initial insights into HE risk, they have limitations in dealing with clinical complexity. Advances in machine learning (ML), particularly when integrated with imaging and clinical data, offer refined assessments. These innovations suggest the potential for AI to significantly improve the prediction of post-TIPS HE. The study provides clinicians with a comprehensive overview of current prediction methods, while advocating for the integration of AI to increase the accuracy of post-TIPS HE assessments. By harnessing the power of AI, clinicians can better manage the risks associated with TIPS and tailor interventions to individual patient needs. Future research should therefore prioritize the development of advanced AI frameworks that can assimilate diverse data streams to support clinical decision-making. The goal is not only to more accurately predict HE, but also to improve overall patient care and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology Nursing Unit, Ward 192, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yun Yang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Xinru Tan
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Boxiang Wang
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chujun Weng
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Rongwen Yu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Shichao Quan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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19
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Nemčovičová I, Lopušná K, Štibrániová I, Benedetti F, Berti F, Felluga F, Drioli S, Vidali M, Katrlík J, Pažitná L, Holazová A, Blahutová J, Lenhartová S, Sláviková M, Klempa B, Ondrejovič M, Chmelová D, Legerská B, Miertuš S, Klacsová M, Uhríková D, Kerti L, Frecer V. Identification and evaluation of antiviral activity of novel compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2 virus by enzymatic and antiviral assays, and computational analysis. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2301772. [PMID: 38221792 PMCID: PMC10791089 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2301772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The viral genome of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the aetiologic agent of COVID-19, encodes structural, non-structural, and accessory proteins. Most of these components undergo rapid genetic variations, though to a lesser extent the essential viral proteases. Consequently, the protease and/or deubiquitinase activities of the cysteine proteases Mpro and PLpro became attractive targets for the design of antiviral agents. Here, we develop and evaluate new bis(benzylidene)cyclohexanones (BBC) and identify potential antiviral compounds. Three compounds were found to be effective in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 load, with EC50 values in the low micromolar concentration range. However, these compounds also exhibited inhibitory activity IC50 against PLpro at approximately 10-fold higher micromolar concentrations. Although originally developed as PLpro inhibitors, the comparison between IC50 and EC50 of BBC indicates that the mechanism of their in vitro antiviral activity is probably not directly related to inhibition of viral cysteine proteases. In conclusion, our study has identified new potential noncytotoxic antiviral compounds suitable for in vivo testing and further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Nemčovičová
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Lopušná
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Štibrániová
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Fabio Benedetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Berti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Felluga
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Drioli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mattia Vidali
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jaroslav Katrlík
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Pažitná
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alena Holazová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Blahutová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simona Lenhartová
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Sláviková
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Klempa
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Ondrejovič
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
- ICARST n.o, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Chmelová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Legerská
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Miertuš
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
- ICARST n.o, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Klacsová
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Uhríková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Kerti
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Frecer
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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20
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Manaithiya A, Bhowmik R, Acharjee S, Sharma S, Kumar S, Imran M, Mathew B, Parkkila S, Aspatwar A. Elucidating molecular mechanism and chemical space of chalcones through biological networks and machine learning approaches. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2811-2836. [PMID: 39045026 PMCID: PMC11263914 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed a bio-cheminformatics method, exploring disease inhibition mechanisms using machine learning-enhanced quantitative structure-activity relationship (ML-QSAR) models and knowledge-driven neural networks. ML-QSAR models were developed using molecular fingerprint descriptors and the Random Forest algorithm to explore the chemical spaces of Chalcones inhibitors against diverse disease properties, including antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. We generated and validated robust machine learning-based bioactivity prediction models (https://github.com/RatulChemoinformatics/QSAR) for the top genes. These models underwent ROC and applicability domain analysis, followed by molecular docking studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the molecules. Through comprehensive neural network analysis, crucial genes such as AKT1, HSP90AA1, SRC, and STAT3 were identified. The PubChem fingerprint-based model revealed key descriptors: PubchemFP521 for AKT1, PubchemFP180 for SRC, PubchemFP633 for HSP90AA1, and PubchemFP145 and PubchemFP338 for STAT3, consistently contributing to bioactivity across targets. Notably, chalcone derivatives demonstrated significant bioactivity against target genes, with compound RA1 displaying a predictive pIC50 value of 5.76 against HSP90AA1 and strong binding affinities across other targets. Compounds RA5 to RA7 also exhibited high binding affinity scores comparable to or exceeding existing drugs. These findings emphasize the importance of knowledge-based neural network-based research for developing effective drugs against diverse disease properties. These interactions warrant further in vitro and in vivo investigations to elucidate their potential in rational drug design. The presented models provide valuable insights for inhibitor design and hold promise for drug development. Future research will prioritize investigating these molecules for mycobacterium tuberculosis, enhancing the comprehension of effectiveness in addressing infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Manaithiya
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ratul Bhowmik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satarupa Acharjee
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, West Bengal 700053, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore 560043, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS, Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS, Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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21
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Hesen N, Anany M, Freidel A, Baker M, Siegmund D, Zaitseva O, Wajant H, Lang I. Genetically engineered IgG1 and nanobody oligomers acquire strong intrinsic CD40 agonism. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2302246. [PMID: 38214443 PMCID: PMC10793706 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2024.2302246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Most anti-CD40 antibodies show robust agonism only upon binding to FcγR+ cells, such as B cells, macrophages, or DCs, but a few anti-CD40 antibodies display also strong intrinsic agonism dependent on the recognized epitope and/or isotype. It is worth mentioning, however, that also the anti-CD40 antibodies with intrinsic agonism can show a further increase in agonistic activity when bound by FcγR-expressing cells. Thus, conventional antibodies appear not to be sufficient to trigger the maximum possible CD40 activation independent from FcγR-binding. We proved here the hypothesis that oligomeric and oligovalent anti-CD40 antibody variants generated by genetic engineering display high intrinsic, thus FcγR-independent, agonistic activity. We generated tetra-, hexa- and dodecavalent variants of six anti-CD40 antibodies and a CD40-specific nanobody. All these oligovalent variants, even when derived of bivalent antagonistic anti-CD40 antibodies, showed strongly enhanced CD40 agonism compared to their conventional counterparts. In most cases, the CD40 agonism reached the maximum response induced by FcγR-bound anti-CD40 antibodies or membrane CD40L, the natural engager of CD40. In sum, our data show that increasing the valency of anti-CD40 antibody constructs by genetic engineering regularly results in molecules with high intrinsic agonism and level out the specific limitations of the parental antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Hesen
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Mohamed Anany
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Andre Freidel
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Mediya Baker
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Daniela Siegmund
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Olena Zaitseva
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
| | - Isabell Lang
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, WürzburgGermany
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22
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Singh MT, Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy P, Magham SV. Harnessing the synergistic potential of NK1R antagonists and selective COX-2 inhibitors for simultaneous targeting of TNBC cells and cancer stem cells. J Drug Target 2024; 32:258-269. [PMID: 38252517 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the expression of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), rendering it unresponsive to endocrine therapy and HER2 targeted treatments. Though certain chemotherapeutics targeting the cell cycle have shown efficacy to a certain extent, the presence of chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) presents a significant challenge in tackling TNBC. Multiple lines of evidence suggest the upregulation of neuropeptide Substance P (SP), its NK-1 receptor (NK1R) and the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme in TNBC patients. Upregulation of the SP/NK1R system and COX-2 influences major signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, growth, survival, angiogenesis, inflammation, metastasis and stem cell activity. The simultaneous activation and crosstalk between the pathways activated by SP/NK1R and COX-2 consequently increase the levels of key regulators of self-renewal pathways in CSCs, promoting stemness. The combination therapy with NK1R antagonists and COX-2 inhibitors can simultaneously target TNBC cells and CSCs, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing the risk of recurrence and relapse. This review discusses the rationale for combining NK1R antagonists and COX-2 inhibitors for the better management of TNBC and a novel strategy to deliver drug cargo precisely to the tumour site to address the challenges associated with off-target binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Tanya Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sai Varshini Magham
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Hao Z, Hu S, Huang J, Hu J, Zhang Z, Li H, Yan W. Confounding amplifies the effect of environmental factors on COVID-19. Infect Dis Model 2024; 9:1163-1174. [PMID: 39035783 PMCID: PMC11260012 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted human health and socioeconomic development, posing an enormous public health challenge. Extensive research has been conducted into the relationship between environmental factors and the transmission of COVID-19. However, numerous factors influence the development of pandemic outbreaks, and the presence of confounding effects on the mechanism of action complicates the assessment of the role of environmental factors in the spread of COVID-19. Direct estimation of the role of environmental factors without removing the confounding effects will be biased. To overcome this critical problem, we developed a Double Machine Learning (DML) causal model to estimate the debiased causal effects of the influencing factors in the COVID-19 outbreaks in Chinese cities. Comparative experiments revealed that the traditional multiple linear regression model overestimated the impact of environmental factors. Environmental factors are not the dominant cause of widespread outbreaks in China in 2022. In addition, by further analyzing the causal effects of environmental factors, it was verified that there is significant heterogeneity in the role of environmental factors. The causal effect of environmental factors on COVID-19 changes with the regional environment. It is therefore recommended that when exploring the mechanisms by which environmental factors influence the spread of epidemics, confounding factors must be handled carefully in order to obtain clean quantitative results. This study offers a more precise representation of the impact of environmental factors on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a framework for more accurately quantifying the factors influencing the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Hao
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhoum, 730000, China
| | - Shujuan Hu
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhoum, 730000, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhoum, 730000, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhoum, 730000, China
| | - Han Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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24
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Zheng Z, Pan J, Liu M, Chen Z, Zhang L, Gao J, Gao P, Zhang X. Anemia and testosterone deficiency risk: insights from NHANES data analysis and a Mendelian randomization analysis. Aging Male 2024; 27:2346312. [PMID: 38685728 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2024.2346312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that testosterone deficiency (TD) increases the risk of anemia, but it is unclear whether anemia affects testosterone levels. This study investigated the influence of anemia on testosterone levels. METHODS Utilizing data from six NHANES cycles, including demographic, testosterone levels, and hemoglobin concentrations, we employed multivariable-adjusted logistic regression to investigate the relationship between anemia and testosterone levels. Moreover, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study employing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data examined the causal relationship. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation was used to compared the overall survival (OS) of anemic and nonanemic patients with low testosterone and normal testosterone levels. RESULTS The inclusion of 21,786 participants (2318 with anemia and19,468 without anemia) revealed that nonanemic patients exhibited higher testosterone levels than did anemic patients (β = 22.616, 95% CI: 3.873-41.359, p = 0.01807). MR analysis confirmed anemia as a cause of TD (OR = 1.045, 95% CI: 1.020-1.071, p < 0.001). Anemic males with low testosterone had reduced OS compared to those with normal levels (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Anemia emerged as a potential risk factor for TD, highlighting a bidirectional relationship between these conditions. Additional prospective investigations are essential for the validation and reinforcement of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Jiashan Pan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Lvwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
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25
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Zhou P, Qiu T, Wang X, Yang X, Shi H, Zhu C, Dai W, Xing M, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhou D. One HA stalk topping multiple heads as a novel influenza vaccine. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2290838. [PMID: 38044872 PMCID: PMC10810646 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2290838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Classic chimeric hemagglutinin (cHA) was designed to induce immune responses against the conserved stalk domain of HA. However, it is unclear whether combining more than one HA head domain onto one stalk domain is immunogenic and further induce immune responses against influenza viruses. Here, we constructed numerous novel cHAs comprising two or three fuzed head domains from different subtypes grafted onto one stalk domain, designated as cH1-H3, cH1-H7, cH1-H3-H7, and cH1-H7-H3. The three-dimensional structures of these novel cHAs were modelled using bioinformatics simulations. Structural analysis showed that the intact neutralizing epitopes were exposed in cH1-H7 and were predicted to be immunogenic. The immunogenicity of the cHAs constructs was evaluated in mice using a chimpanzee adenoviral vector (AdC68) vaccine platform. The results demonstrated that cH1-H7 expressed by AdC68 (AdC68-cH1-H7) induced the production of high levels of binding antibodies, neutralizing antibodies, and hemagglutinin inhibition antibodies against homologous pandemic H1N1, drifted seasonal H1N1, and H7N9 virus. Moreover, vaccinated mice were fully protected from a lethal challenge with the aforementioned influenza viruses. Hence, cH1-H7 cHAs with potent immunogenicity might be a potential novel vaccine to provide protection against different subtypes of influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- Institute of Clinical Science, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyang Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caihong Zhu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqian Dai
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man Xing
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Xiao X, Maolin X, Tao X, Xiaohong D, Jinzhong W, Wei T, Gaoliang C, Mengxi T. Comparative analysis of the safety and efficacy of 1470-nm diode laser enucleation of the prostate and plasmakinetic resection of prostate in the treatment of large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia (>80 ml). Aging Male 2024; 27:2257307. [PMID: 38131620 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2023.2257307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of 1470-nm diode laser enucleation of the prostate (DiLEP) with that of plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) in treating patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH > 80ml). METHODS The clinical data from 211 cases of BPH (>80 ml) were collected for analysis. The patients were divided into two groups: the PKRP group (n = 118) and the DiLEP group (n = 93), based on the surgical method used. RESULT The DiLEP group demonstrated significantly lower surgical time (p < 0.001), intraoperative bleeding (p < 0.001), bladder flushing time (p = 0.003), indwelling catheter time (p < 0.005), and length of hospital stay (p = 0.018) compared to the PKRP group. However, the quality of the prostatectomy was significantly higher in the DiLEP group (p = 0.005). The Qmax for the DiLEP group was significantly higher than that of the PKRP group (p < 0.05). Compared to the PKRP group, the incidence of urinary incontinence in the DiLEP group increased significantly 4 weeks post-surgery (p = 0.026), although the need for blood transfusion during surgery was significantly reduced (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION Both DiLEP and PKRP are safe and effective methods for treating large-volume BPH. However, DiLEP offers advantages such as more thorough glandular resection, shorter surgical time, reduced bleeding, quicker recovery, and fewer complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Maolin
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Tao
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Xiaohong
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Jinzhong
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Gaoliang
- Department of Urology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tang Mengxi
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
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27
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Dai Y, Liu R, Yue Y, Song N, Jia H, Ma Z, Gao X, Zhang M, Yuan X, Liu Q, Liu X, Li B, Wang W. A c-di-GMP binding effector STM0435 modulates flagellar motility and pathogenicity in Salmonella. Virulence 2024; 15:2331265. [PMID: 38532247 PMCID: PMC10978029 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2331265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Flagella play a crucial role in the invasion process of Salmonella and function as a significant antigen that triggers host pyroptosis. Regulation of flagellar biogenesis is essential for both pathogenicity and immune escape of Salmonella. We identified the conserved and unknown function protein STM0435 as a new flagellar regulator. The ∆stm0435 strain exhibited higher pathogenicity in both cellular and animal infection experiments than the wild-type Salmonella. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses demonstrated dramatic increases in almost all flagellar genes in the ∆stm0435 strain compared to wild-type Salmonella. In a surface plasmon resonance assay, purified STM0435 protein-bound c-di-GMP had an affinity of ~8.383 µM. The crystal structures of apo-STM0435 and STM0435&c-di-GMP complex were determined. Structural analysis revealed that R33, R137, and D138 of STM0435 were essential for c-di-GMP binding. A Salmonella with STM1987 (GGDEF protein) or STM4264 (EAL protein) overexpression exhibits completely different motility behaviours, indicating that the binding of c-di-GMP to STM0435 promotes its inhibitory effect on Salmonella flagellar biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingying Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Nannan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Haihong Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongrui Ma
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueyan Gao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xilu Yuan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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28
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Alshehri FS, Bashmeil AA, Alamar IA, Alouda SK. The natural anticoagulant protein S; hemostatic functions and deficiency. Platelets 2024; 35:2337907. [PMID: 38602463 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2337907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Protein S (PS) is a vital endogenous anticoagulant. It plays a crucial role in regulating coagulation by acting as a cofactor for the activated protein C (APC) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) pathways. Additionally, it possesses direct anticoagulant properties by impeding the intrinsic tenase and prothrombinase complexes. Protein S oversees the coagulation process in both the initiation and propagation stages through these roles. The significance of protein S in regulating blood clotting can be inferred from the significant correlation between deficits in protein S and an elevated susceptibility to venous thrombosis. This is likely because activated protein C and tissue factor pathway inhibitor exhibit low efficacy as anticoagulants when no cofactors exist. The precise biochemical mechanisms underlying the roles of protein S cofactors have yet to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, recent scientific breakthroughs have significantly enhanced comprehension findings for these functions. The diagnosis of protein S deficiency, both from a technical and genetic standpoint, is still a subject of debate due to the complex structural characteristics of the condition. This paper will provide an in-depth review of the molecular structure of protein S and its hemostatic effects. Furthermore, we shall address the insufficiency of protein S and its methods of diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad S Alshehri
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Haematology Division, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Region, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Haematology Division, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Bashmeil
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Haematology Division, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alamar
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine Department, Haematology Division, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah K Alouda
- College of Applied Medical Science, Clinical Laboratory Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Chetta M, Tarsitano M, Rivieccio M, Oro M, Cammarota A, De Marco M, Marzullo L, Rosati A, Bukvic N. A Copernican revolution of multigenic analysis: A retrospective study on clinical exome sequencing in unclear genetic disorders. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2615-2622. [PMID: 39006921 PMCID: PMC11245952 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the inevitable shift in medical practice towards a deeper understanding of disease etiology and progression through multigenic analysis, the profound historical impact of Mendelian diseases cannot be overlooked. These diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and thalassemia, are characterized by a single variant in a single gene leading to clinical conditions, and have significantly shaped our medical knowledge and treatments. In this respect, the monogenic approach inevitably results in the underutilization of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) data. Herein, a retrospective study was performed to assess the diagnostic value of the clinical exome in 32 probands with specific phenotypic characteristics (patients with autoinflammation and immunological dysregulation, N = 20; patients diagnosed with Hemolytic uremic syndrome N = 9; and patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia, N = 3). A gene enrichment analysis was performed using the *. VCF file generated by SOPHiA-DDM-v4. This analysis selected a subset of genes containing pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants with autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance. In addition, all variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were included, filtered by AD inheritance mode, the presence of compound heterozygotes, and a minor allele frequency (MAF) cutoff of 0.05 %. The aim of the pipeline described here is based on a perspective shift that focuses on analyzing patients' gene assets, offering new light on the complex interplay between genetics and disease presentation. Integrating this approach into clinical practices could significantly enhance the management of patients with rare genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chetta
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hospital’s Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Tarsitano
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hospital’s Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Rivieccio
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hospital’s Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Oro
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hospital’s Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Naples, Italy
| | - A.L. Cammarota
- StressBioLab, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - M. De Marco
- StressBioLab, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - L. Marzullo
- StressBioLab, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - A. Rosati
- StressBioLab, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - N. Bukvic
- U.O.C Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero – Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, IT, Italy
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30
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Roser LA, Sakellariou C, Lindstedt M, Neuhaus V, Dehmel S, Sommer C, Raasch M, Flandre T, Roesener S, Hewitt P, Parnham MJ, Sewald K, Schiffmann S. IL-2-mediated hepatotoxicity: knowledge gap identification based on the irAOP concept. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2332177. [PMID: 38578203 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2024.2332177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced hepatotoxicity constitutes a major reason for non-approval and post-marketing withdrawal of pharmaceuticals. In many cases, preclinical models lack predictive capacity for hepatic damage in humans. A vital concern is the integration of immune system effects in preclinical safety assessment. The immune-related Adverse Outcome Pathway (irAOP) approach, which is applied within the Immune Safety Avatar (imSAVAR) consortium, presents a novel method to understand and predict immune-mediated adverse events elicited by pharmaceuticals and thus targets this issue. It aims to dissect the molecular mechanisms involved and identify key players in drug-induced side effects. As irAOPs are still in their infancy, there is a need for a model irAOP to validate the suitability of this tool. For this purpose, we developed a hepatotoxicity-based model irAOP for recombinant human IL-2 (aldesleukin). Besides producing durable therapeutic responses against renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma, the boosted immune activation upon IL-2 treatment elicits liver damage. The availability of extensive data regarding IL-2 allows both the generation of a comprehensive putative irAOP and to validate the predictability of the irAOP with clinical data. Moreover, IL-2, as one of the first cancer immunotherapeutics on the market, is a blueprint for various biological and novel treatment regimens that are under investigation today. This review provides a guideline for further irAOP-directed research in immune-mediated hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Roser
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Neuhaus
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susann Dehmel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | - Charline Sommer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thierry Flandre
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sigrid Roesener
- Chemical and Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Philip Hewitt
- Chemical and Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- EpiEndo Pharmaceuticals ehf, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
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Liu YH, Chen J, Chen X, Liu H. Factors of faecal microbiota transplantation applied to cancer management. J Drug Target 2024; 32:101-114. [PMID: 38174845 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2299724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The homeostasis of the microbiota is essential for human health. In particular, the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the regulation of the immune system. Thus, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a technology that has rapidly developed in the last decade, has specifically been utilised for the treatment of intestinal inflammation and has recently been found to be able to treat tumours in combination with immunotherapy. FMT has become a breakthrough in enhancing the response rate to immunotherapy in cancer patients by altering the composition of the patient's gut microbiota. This review discusses the mechanisms of faecal microorganism effects on tumour development, drug treatment efficacy, and adverse effects and describes the recent clinical research trials on FMT. Moreover, the factors influencing the efficacy and safety of FMT are described. We summarise the possibilities of faecal transplantation in the treatment of tumours and its complications and propose directions to explore the development of FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Huang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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32
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Sun F, Peers de Nieuwburgh M, Hubinont C, Debiève F, Colson A. Gene therapy in preeclampsia: the dawn of a new era. Hypertens Pregnancy 2024; 43:2358761. [PMID: 38817101 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2024.2358761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy, affecting an estimated 4 million women annually. It is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality worldwide, and it has life-long consequences. The maternal multisystemic symptoms are driven by poor placentation, which causes syncytiotrophoblastic stress and the release of factors into the maternal bloodstream. Amongst them, the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) triggers extensive endothelial dysfunction by acting as a decoy receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the placental growth factor (PGF). Current interventions aim to mitigate hypertension and seizures, but the only definite treatment remains induced delivery. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel therapies to remedy this situation. Notably, CBP-4888, a siRNA drug delivered subcutaneously to knock down sFLT1 expression in the placenta, has recently obtained Fast Track approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is undergoing a phase 1 clinical trial. Such advance highlights a growing interest and significant potential in gene therapy to manage preeclampsia. This review summarizes the advances and prospects of gene therapy in treating placental dysfunction and illustrates crucial challenges and considerations for these emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxuan Sun
- Department of Reproduction Physiopathology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maureen Peers de Nieuwburgh
- Department of Reproduction Physiopathology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neonatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corinne Hubinont
- Department of Obstetrics, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Debiève
- Department of Reproduction Physiopathology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arthur Colson
- Department of Reproduction Physiopathology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Xu S, Deng Y, Li C, Hu Y, Zhang Q, Zhuang B, Mosongo I, Jiang J, Yang J, Hu K. Metabolomics and molecular docking-directed anti-obesity study of the ethanol extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118577. [PMID: 39019414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (G. pentaphyllum) is an oriental herb documented to treat many diseases, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndromes and aging. However, the anti-obesity mechanism of G. pentaphyllum remains poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To reveal the anti-obesity mechanism of G. pentaphyllum Extract (GPE) in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-induced obese mice through untargeted metabolomics, Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and immunohistochemical experiments. Additionally, to tentatively identify the active constituents through LC-MS/MS and molecular docking approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS GPE was prepared using ethanol reflux and purified by HP-20 macroporous resins. The components of GPE were identified by Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) system. Forty-two C57BL/6 J mice were randomly and evenly divided into six groups, with seven mice in each group: the control group, obese model group, Beinaglutide group (positive control), and GPE low, medium, and high-dose groups (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg of 80% ethanol extract). Body weight, liver weight, blood glucose, blood lipids, and liver histopathological changes were assessed. Untargeted metabolomics was employed to characterize metabolic changes in obese mice after GPE treatment. The expression of genes related to differential metabolites was verified using Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemical experiments. The constituents with anti-obesity effects from GPE were tentatively identified through molecular docking approaches. RESULTS A total of 17 compounds were identified in GPE. GPE significantly lowered body weight, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in obese mice and reduced liver weight and hepatic steatosis. Serum metabolomics identified 20 potential biomarkers associated with GPE treatment in obese mice, primarily related to tryptophan metabolism. GPE treatment downregulated the expression of Slc6a19 and Tph1 and upregulated Ucp1 expression. Molecular docking illustrated that compounds such as 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3, Araliasaponin I, Damulin B, Gypenoside L, Oleifolioside B, and Tricin7-neohesperidoside identified in GPE exhibited favorable interaction with Tph1. CONCLUSION The extract of G. pentaphyllum can inhibit the absorption of tryptophan and its conversion to 5-HT through the Slc6a19/Tph1 pathway, upregulating the expression of Ucp1, thereby promoting thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue, facilitating weight loss, and mitigating symptoms of fatty liver. Triterpenoids such as Araliasaponin I, identified in GPE, could be the potential inhibitor of Tph1 and responsible for the anti-obesity activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Yaling Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Caihong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Youfan Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Baojun Zhuang
- Yunnan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, China
| | - Isidore Mosongo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiaming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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Guo Y, Yuan C, Huang T, Cheng Z. Integrating UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, network pharmacology, bioinformatics and experimental validation to uncover the anti-cancer mechanisms of TiaoPi AnChang decoction in colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118576. [PMID: 39002822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The TiaoPi AnChang Decoction (TPACD), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription based on Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction, has demonstrated clinical efficacy as an adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, its specific ingredients and potential mechanisms of action remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify the primary active ingredients of TPACD, their molecular targets, and potential mechanisms underlying the efficacy of TPACD in CRC treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the clinically validated TCM formula TPACD. In vitro and in vivo experiments were used to demonstrate TPACD's regulatory effects on various malignant phenotypes of tumors, providing basic research support for its anti-cancer activity. To understand its pharmacodynamic basis, we utilized ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) to analyze TPACD constituents present in the bloodstream. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses were used to identify potential active components and their molecular targets for TPACD's therapeutic effects in CRC. Subsequent experiments further elucidated its pharmacological mechanism. RESULTS TPACD inhibits various malignant cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, and has shown potential anti-CRC activities both in vitro and in vivo. Following the identification of 109 constituents absorbed into the blood from TPACD, network pharmacology analysis predicted 42 potential anti-CRC targets. Clinical analyses highlighted three genes as prognostic key genes of TPACD's therapeutic action: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3). Drug sensitivity analyses, molecular docking simulations and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) identified MMP3 as the most promising target for TPACD's anti-CRC action. Enzyme activity assays confirmed that TPACD inhibits MMP3 enzyme activity. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characterized the binding affinity between MMP3 and effective active components of TPACD, including luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and liensinine. CONCLUSIONS TPACD exhibits anti-CRC activity in vitro and in vivo, with MMP3 identified as a critical target. The active compounds, including luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and liensinine, absorbed into the bloodstream, contribute to TPACD's efficacy by targeting MMP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Chunsheng Yuan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia, 750000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Burtscher J, Burtscher M. Training muscles to keep the aging brain fit. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:761-763. [PMID: 38615710 PMCID: PMC11336364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland; Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria.
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Ding F, Jia S, Wang P, Liu C, Li Y. Effect of exercise on cravings levels in individuals with drug dependency: A systematic review. Addict Behav 2024; 158:108127. [PMID: 39127026 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of exercise-based interventions in reducing craving levels among individuals with drug dependency. METHODS This study included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of exercise on craving levels in individuals with drug dependence. We searched for relevant literature in PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, China Biomedicine, Wanfang, and VIP databases from their inception until July 2024. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature. The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the GRADE profiler software was utilized to evaluate the strength of the evidence. A qualitative synthesis was performed to describe the findings. RESULTS We included 26 studies involving a total of 1381 participants, with 787 in the experimental group and 594 in the control group. These studies were mainly conducted in China, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and were published mostly after 2018. The participants had typically been dependent on drugs for more than 5 years. The review found that exercise interventions were feasible and well-accepted, and effectively reduced drug cravings. Among the 26 studies, 22 showed positive outcomes in reducing cravings. The type of exercise appears to be a crucial factor. Aerobic exercises were more effective than resistance exercises. Out of 18 studies that included aerobic exercises, 17 reported significant reductions in cravings. In contrast, among the 4 studies that included resistance exercises, 3 did not find a significant impact on cravings. CONCLUSION Exercise is highly feasible and acceptable, significantly contributing to the reduction of drug cravings among individuals with drug dependency. The specific type of exercise appears to be a key determinant of the intervention's effectiveness. Aerobic exercises were more effective than resistance exercises. The evidence supporting these findings is of high quality, with an average score of 6.92 on the PEDro scale. OTHERS The research was supported by the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance, with the project number 11DZ2261100. Registration details can be found on PROSPEO under the number CRD42024525700 at www.crd.york.ac.uk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuqi Jia
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuzhang Li
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Georgescu MF, Maino Vieytes CA, Fanelli-Kuczmarski MT, Noren Hooten N, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Plasma homocysteine and longitudinal change in cognitive function among urban adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:65-79. [PMID: 39134149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have inconsistently linked cognitive performance and change over time to an elevated level of homocysteine (Hcy), with few conducted among urban adults. METHODS Longitudinal data [Visit 1 (2004-2009) and Visit 2 (2009-2013)] were analyzed from up to 1430 selected Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) participants. Baseline and follow-up blood Hcy was measured, while 11 cognitive function test scores were assessed at either of these two visits. Overall, sex- and race-stratified associations were evaluated using mixed-effects linear regression models, adjusting for key potential confounders. Interaction effects between Hcy and serum levels of folate and vitamin B-12 were also tested. RESULTS We found that greater LnHcyv1 was significantly associated with poorer baseline attention based on higher Loge (TRAILS A, in seconds) [β (SE): 0.101 (0.031), P = 0.001]. Heterogeneity was also found by sex and by race. Most notably, among men only, LnHcyv1 was associated with faster decline on the BVRT (# of errors), a measure of visuo-spatial memory (β (SE): 0.297(0.115), P = 0.010, reduced model); while among African American adults only, an elevated and increasing LnHcy over time was associated with faster rate of decline on Loge (TRAILS B, in seconds) [β (SE): +0.012 (0.005), p = 0.008], a measure of executive function. Interactions between Hcy, folate and vitamin B-12 blood exposures were also detected. CONCLUSIONS In summary, sex- and race-specific adverse association between elevated Hcy and cognitive performance over time were detected among middle-aged urban adults, in domains of attention, visuo-spatial memory and executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hind A Beydoun
- VA National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA; Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael F Georgescu
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christian A Maino Vieytes
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Marie T Fanelli-Kuczmarski
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Chatterjee A, Mohapatra J, Sharma M, Jha A, Patro R, Das D, Patel H, Patel H, Chaudhari J, Borda N, Viswanathan K, Sharma B, Bhavsar H, Patel A, Ranvir R, Sundar R, Agarwal S, Jain M. A novel selective NLRP3 inhibitor shows disease-modifying potential in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 2024; 1842:149129. [PMID: 39074525 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Pathological activation of the Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling underlies many autoimmune and neuroinflammatory conditions. Here we report that, a rationally designed, novel, orally active, selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, Usnoflast (ZYIL1), showed potent inhibition of ATP, Nigericin and monosodium urate-mediated interleukin (IL)-1β release in THP-1 cells and human PBMC. In isolated microglia cells, the IC50 of ZYIL1 mediated inhibition of IL-1β was 43 nM. ZYIL1 displayed good pharmacokinetic profile in mice, rats and primates after oral administration and the concentrations found in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were markedly higher than the IC50 values. In an in vivo model of neuroinflammation, ZYIL1 demonstrated robust suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β upon oral administration. This translated into efficacy in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) models in mice. In MPTP and/or 6-OHDA models, treatment with ZYIL1 ameliorated motor deficits, degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein. There were positive changes in the genes related to walking, locomotor activity, neurogenesis, neuroblast proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the PD brain indicating improvement in neural health which translated into improved mobility. These findings clearly indicate that selective NLRP3 inhibitor ZYIL1, ameliorates neuroinflammation and appears to have the potential for disease modification and progression associated with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Chatterjee
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India.
| | - Jogeswar Mohapatra
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Manoranjan Sharma
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Jha
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Randeep Patro
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Debajeet Das
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Hiren Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Harilal Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Jaimin Chaudhari
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Nilesh Borda
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Kasinath Viswanathan
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavesh Sharma
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Harsh Bhavsar
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashvin Patel
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramchandra Ranvir
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Sundar
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Sameer Agarwal
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
| | - Mukul Jain
- Zydus Research Centre, Zydus Lifesciences Limited, Sharkhej-Bavla NH No. 8A, Village Moraiya, Changodar, Ahmedabad 382 213, Gujarat, India
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Li T, Kosgei BK, Soko GF, Meena SS, Cao Q, Hou X, Cheng T, Wen W, Liu Q, Zhang L, Han RPS. An immunosensor for the near real-time and site of inflammation detections of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116618. [PMID: 39106691 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Diseases mediated by cytokine storms are often characterized by an overexuberant pace of pathogenesis accompanied by significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, near real-time (NRT) detections via a site-of-inflammation (SOI) sampling of proinflammatory cytokines are essential to ensure a timely and effective treatment of acute inflammations, which up to now, has not been fully possible. In this work, we proposed a novel NRT and SOI immunosensor using ZIF-8 signal amplification together with an off-on strategy. To achieve NRT detections via a SOI sampling, the body fluid of choice is the dermal interstitial fluid (ISF). The significant merits of ISF over blood are the quality, quantity and diversity of ISF-based biomarkers; the fluid is non-coagulating, making it feasible to perform multiple or continuous samplings and the sampling is minimally invasive. Our immunosensor requires only 5 μL of ISF to achieve a simultaneous detection of five highly potent proinflammatory cytokines: IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IP-10. We employed a microneedle array patch (MAP) together with a trifurcated nozzle pump to extract a mean volume of between 30 and 60 μL of ISF in 20 min. Under optimal conditions, the biosensor is capable of high-quality performance that exhibits a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 5.761 pg/mL over a wide linear range of 5.761-3 ‒ 20.00 ng/mL. We believe our immunosensor for NRT detections via a SOI sampling of ISF-biomarkers offers new theranostic opportunities that may not be possible with blood-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Benson K Kosgei
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Geofrey F Soko
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Stephene S Meena
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Qianan Cao
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xinju Hou
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Dept. of Rehabilitation, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital, 1399 Diezihu Road, Honggutan, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, China
| | - Tingjun Cheng
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Weijie Wen
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory & Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Ray P S Han
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research Center & Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Cai H, Li X, Niu X, Li J, Lan X, Lei C, Huang Y, Xu H, Li M, Chen H. Copy number variations within fibroblast growth factor 13 gene influence growth traits and alternative splicing in cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2314104. [PMID: 38426908 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2314104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Previous researches revealed a copy number variation (CNV) region in the bovine fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) gene. However, its effects remain unknown. This study detected the various copy number types in seven Chinese cattle breeds and analysed their population genetic characteristics and effects on growth traits and transcription levels. Copy number Loss was more frequent in Caoyuan Red cattle and Xianan cattle than in the other breeds. Association analysis between CNV and growth traits of Qinchuan indicated that the CNV was significantly related to chest depth, hip width and hucklebone width (P < 0.05). Additionally, the growth traits of individuals with copy number Loss were significantly inferior to those with copy number Gain or Median (P < 0.05). Besides, we found two splicing isoforms, AS1 and AS2, in FGF13 gene, which resulted from alternative 5' splicing sites of intron 1. These isoforms showed varied expression levels in various tissues. Moreover, CNV was significantly and negatively associated with the mRNA expression of AS1 (r = -0.525, P < 0.05). The CNVs in bovine FGF13 gene negatively regulated growth traits and gene transcription. These observations provide new insights into bovine FGF13 gene, delivering potentially useful information for future Chinese cattle breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinran Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Animal Health Supervision Institute of Biyang, Biyang, Henan, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huifen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, China
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Kiseleva YV, Zharikova TS, Maslennikov RV, Temirbekov SM, Olsufieva AV, Polyakova OL, Pontes-Silva A, Zharikov YO. Gut Microbiota and Liver Regeneration: A Synthesis of Evidence on Structural Changes and Physiological Mechanisms. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101455. [PMID: 39035190 PMCID: PMC11259939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration (LR) is a unique biological process with the ability to restore up to 70% of the organ. This allows for the preservation of liver resections for various liver tumors and for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, in some cases, LR is insufficient and interventions that can improve LR are urgently needed. Gut microbiota (GM) is one of the factors influencing LR, as the liver and intestine are intimately connected through the gut-liver axis. Thus, healthy GM facilitates normal LR, whereas dysbiosis leads to impaired LR due to imbalance of bile acids, inflammatory cytokines, microbial metabolites, signaling pathways, etc. Therefore, GM can be considered as a new possible therapeutic target to improve LR. In this review, we critically observe the current knowledge about the influence of gut microbiota (GM) on liver regeneration (LR) and the possibility to improve this process, which may reduce complication and mortality rates after liver surgery. Although much research has been done on this topic, more clinical trials and systemic reviews are urgently needed to move this type of intervention from the experimental phase to the clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana V. Kiseleva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana S. Zharikova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V. Maslennikov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anna V. Olsufieva
- Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga L. Polyakova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - André Pontes-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Yury O. Zharikov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Khorrami M, Khorrami F, Haghani K, Fathy Karkaragh F, Khodashenas A, Souri S. Gender differences in sleep quality among Iranian traditional and industrial drug users. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2024; 17:100104. [PMID: 39070941 PMCID: PMC11283124 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2024.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
•The findings emphasize gender differences in sleep quality among different cultures, races, and ethnicities.•There are gender differences in sleep quality in Iranian traditional and industrial drug users.•Industrial drug users have a lower quality of sleep than traditional drug users.•The sleep quality of drug users (traditional and industrial) is lower than that of healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khorrami
- Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science & Research Branch (Isfahan), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khorrami
- Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Kosar Haghani
- Department of Social Sciences University of Mazandaran Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Ayda Khodashenas
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Souri
- General Psychology in Payam Nour University, Branch Amol, Amol, Iran
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Xie Y, Yang S, Xu Y, Gu P, Zhang Y, You X, Yin H, Shang B, Yao Y, Li W, Wang D, Zhou T, Song Y, Chen W, Ma J. Interleukin-11 drives fibroblast metabolic reprogramming in crystalline silica-induced lung fibrosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174976. [PMID: 39047838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to crystalline silica (CS) particles is common and occurs during natural, industrial, and agricultural activities. Prolonged inhalation of CS particles can cause silicosis, a serious and incurable pulmonary fibrosis disease. However, the underlying mechanisms remain veiled. Herein, we aim to elucidate the novel mechanisms of interleukin-11 (IL-11) driving fibroblast metabolic reprogramming during the development of silicosis. We observed that CS exposure induced lung fibrosis in mice and activated fibroblasts, accompanied by increased IL-11 expression and metabolic reprogramming switched from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis. Besides, we innovatively uncovered that elevated IL-11 promoted the glycolysis process, thereby facilitating the fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMT). Mechanistically, CS-stimulated IL-11 activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the latter increased the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) via promoting the translation and delaying the degradation of the protein. HIF-1α further facilitated glycolysis, driving the FMT process and ultimately the formation of silicosis. Moreover, either silence or neutralization of IL-11 inhibited glycolysis augmentation and attenuated CS-induced lung myofibroblast generation and fibrosis. Overall, our findings elucidate the role of IL-11 in promoting fibroblast metabolic reprogramming through the ERK-HIF-1α axis during CS-induced lung fibrosis, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Xie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yiju Xu
- Chongchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Pei Gu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yingdie Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaojie You
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haoyu Yin
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bingxin Shang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yuanchao Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Shi L, Li LJ, Sun XY, Chen YY, Luo D, He LP, Ji HJ, Gao WP, Shen HX. Er-Dong-Xiao-Ke decoction regulates lipid metabolism via PPARG-mediated UCP2/AMPK signaling to alleviate diabetic meibomian gland dysfunction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118484. [PMID: 38925318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), complicated by type 2 diabetes, is associated with a high incidence of ocular surface disease, and no effective drug treatment exists. Diabetes mellitus (DM) MGD shows a notable disturbance in lipid metabolism. Er-Dong-Xiao-Ke decoction (EDXKD) has important functions in nourishing yin, clearing heat, and removing blood stasis, which are effective in the treatment of DM MGD. AIM OF THE STUDY To observe the therapeutic effect of EDXKD on DM MGD and its underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS After establishing a type 2 DM (T2DM)-induced MGD rat model, different doses of EDXKD and T0070907 were administered. The chemical constituents of EDXKD were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the molecular mechanism of EDXKD in treating DM MGD was predicted using network pharmacology. Lipid metabolism in DM meibomian glands (MGs) was analyzed using LC-MS/MS, and lipid biomarkers were screened and identified. Histological changes and lipid accumulation in MGs were detected by staining, and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) expression in MG acinar cells was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of lipid metabolism-related factors was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blotting. RESULTS EDXKD reduced lipid accumulation in the MGs and improved the ocular surface index in DM MGD rats. The main active components of EDXKD had advantages in lipid regulation. Additionally, the PPARG signaling pathway was the key pathway of EDXKD in the treatment of DM MGD. Twelve lipid metabolites were biomarkers of EDXKD in the treatment of DM MGD, and glycerophospholipid metabolism was the main pathway of lipid regulation. Moreover, EDXKD improved lipid deposition in the acini and upregulated the expression of PPARG. Further, EDXKD regulated the PPARG-mediated UCP2/AMPK signaling network, inhibited lipid production, and promoted lipid transport. CONCLUSION EDXKD is an effective treatment for MGD in patients with T2DM. EDXKD can regulate lipids by regulating the PPARG-mediated UCP2/AMPK signaling network, as it reduced lipid accumulation in the MGs of DM MGD rats, promoted lipid metabolism, and improved MG function and ocular surface indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liu-Jiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xin-Yi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- Department of Acupuncture Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lu-Ping He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui-Jie Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei-Ping Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hu-Xing Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Ćuk A, Rumora L, Mikulić I, Penava N, Cvetković I, Pušić A, Mikulić V, Ljubić K, Tomić V. Serum concentration of ferroportin in women of reproductive age. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2024; 34:030701. [PMID: 39171088 PMCID: PMC11334195 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2024.030701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ferroportin (Fpn) is the only known iron exporter and plays an essential role in iron homeostasis. Serum concentrations of Fpn in health and/or diseased states are still mostly unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Fpn in the serum of women of reproductive age (WRA) for the first time, and to establish whether there is a difference in the concentration of Fpn according to ferritin status. Materials and methods This research included 100 WRA (18-45 years, C-reactive protein (CRP) < 5 mg/L, hemoglobin > 120 g/L). Serum Fpn was measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method on the analyzer EZ Read 800 Plus (Biochrom, Cambridge, UK). Reference interval was calculated using the robust method. Results The median concentration of Fpn in the whole study group was 9.74 (5.84-15.69) µg/L. The subgroup with ferritin concentration > 15 µg/L had a median Fpn concentration 15.21 (10.34-21.93) µg/L, which significantly differed from Fpn concentration in the subgroup with ferritin concentration ≤ 15 µg/L (5.93 (4.84-8.36) µg/L, P < 0.001). The reference limits for the Fpn were 2.26-29.81 µg/L with 90% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.78 to 2.83 and 25.37 to 34.33, respectively. Conclusions The proposed reference interval could help in the future research on iron homeostasis both in physiological conditions and in various disorders, because this is the first study that measured Fpn concentration in a certain gender and age group of a healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ćuk
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lada Rumora
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Mikulić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nikolina Penava
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ivona Cvetković
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ante Pušić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vinka Mikulić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Kristina Ljubić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vajdana Tomić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Centre Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Oumeddour DZ, Al-Dalali S, Zhao L, Zhao L, Wang C. Recent advances on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in preventing obesity-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150344. [PMID: 38976946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, found in various pigmented plants as secondary metabolites, represent a class of dietary polyphenols known for their bioactive properties, demonstrating health-promoting effects against several chronic diseases. Among these, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most prevalent types of anthocyanins. Upon consumption, C3G undergoes phases I and II metabolism by oral epithelial cells, absorption in the gastric epithelium, and gut transformation (phase II & microbial metabolism), with limited amounts reaching the bloodstream. Obesity, characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, is a global health concern associated with heightened risks of disability, illness, and mortality. This comprehensive review delves into the biodegradation and absorption dynamics of C3G within the gastrointestinal tract. It meticulously examines the latest research findings, drawn from in vitro and in vivo models, presenting evidence underlining C3G's bioactivity. Notably, C3G has demonstrated significant efficacy in combating obesity, by regulating lipid metabolism, specifically decreasing lipid synthesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid accumulation. Additionally, C3G enhances energy homeostasis by boosting energy expenditure, promoting the activity of brown adipose tissue, and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, C3G shows potential in managing various prevalent obesity-related conditions. These include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hypertension through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enhancement of endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels, and inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and by exercising its cardioprotective and vascular effects by decreasing pulmonary artery thickness and systolic pressure which enhances vascular relaxation and angiogenesis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR) are also managed by reducing gluconeogenesis via AMPK pathway activation, promoting autophagy, protecting pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress and enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Additionally, C3G improves insulin sensitivity by upregulating GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 expression and regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. C3G exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and shifting macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. C3G demonstrates antioxidative effects by enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing ROS production, and activating the Nrf2/AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, these mechanisms also contribute to attenuating inflammatory bowel disease and regulating gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroidetes abundance, restoring colon length, and reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines. The therapeutic potential of C3G extends beyond metabolic disorders; it has also been found effective in managing specific cancer types and neurodegenerative disorders. The findings of this research can provide an important reference for future investigations that seek to improve human health through the use of naturally occurring bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Zad Oumeddour
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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47
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Jia Z, Zhang H, Lv Y, Yu L, Cui Y, Zhang L, Yang C, Liu H, Zheng T, Xia W, Xu S, Li Y. Intrauterine chromium exposure and cognitive developmental delay: The modifying effect of genetic predisposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174350. [PMID: 38960203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
There is limited evidence on the effects of intrauterine chromium (Cr) exposure on children's cognitive developmental delay (CDD). Further, little is known about the genetic factors in modifying the association between intrauterine Cr exposure and CDD. The present study involved 2361 mother-child pairs, in which maternal plasma Cr concentrations were assessed, a polygenic risk score for the child was constructed, and the child's cognitive development was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The risks of CDD conferred by intrauterine Cr exposure in children with different genetic backgrounds were evaluated by logistic regression. The additive interaction between intrauterine Cr exposure and genetic factors was evaluated by calculating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI). According to present study, higher intrauterine Cr exposure was significantly associated with increased CDD risk [each unit increase in ln-transformed maternal plasma Cr concentration (ln-Cr): adjusted OR (95 % CI), 1.18 (1.04-1.35); highest vs lowest quartile: adjusted OR (95 % CI), 1.57 (1.10-2.23)]. The dose-response relationship of intrauterine Cr exposure and CDD for children with high genetic risk was more prominent [each unit increased ln-Cr: adjusted OR (95 % CI), 1.36 (1.09-1.70)]. Joint effects between intrauterine Cr exposure and genetic factors were found. Specifically, for high genetic risk carriers, the association between intrauterine Cr exposure and CDD was more evident [highest vs lowest quartile: adjusted OR (95 % CI), 2.33 (1.43-3.80)]. For those children with high intrauterine Cr exposure and high genetic risk, the adjusted AP was 0.39 (95 % CI, 0.07-0.72). Conclusively, intrauterine Cr exposure was a high-risk factor for CDD in children, particularly for those with high genetic risk. Intrauterine Cr exposure and one's adverse genetic background jointly contribute to an increased risk of CDD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxian Jia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Lo WL, Huseby ES. The partitioning of TCR repertoires by thymic selection. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230897. [PMID: 39167074 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
αβ T cells are critical components of the adaptive immune system; they maintain tissue and immune homeostasis during health, provide sterilizing immunity after pathogen infection, and are capable of eliminating transformed tumor cells. Fundamental to these distinct functions is the ligand specificity of the unique antigen receptor expressed on each mature T cell (TCR), which endows lymphocytes with the ability to behave in a cell-autonomous, disease context-specific manner. Clone-specific behavioral properties are initially established during T cell development when thymocytes use TCR recognition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC-like ligands to instruct survival versus death and to differentiate into a plethora of inflammatory and regulatory T cell lineages. Here, we review the ligand specificity of the preselection thymocyte repertoire and argue that developmental stage-specific alterations in TCR signaling control cross-reactivity and foreign versus self-specificity of T cell sublineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lin Lo
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Eric S Huseby
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Zhou J, Xu B, Shen Q, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Wang M, Su Y, Lei Z, Zhang W, Liu T, Liu H, Hu T, Zhou Y. Identification and biological evaluation of fused tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitors to suppress colorectal cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116664. [PMID: 39018921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been becoming one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Accumulating studies suggest that the progressive up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a crucial hallmark of CRC, and suppressing it is a promising strategy to treat CRC. Herein, we reported our latest efforts in the discovery of novel fused tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives with good anti-CRC activities by screening our in-house berberine-like library and further structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, in which we identified compound 10 is a potent lead compound with significant antiproliferation potencies. By the biotinylated probe and LC-MS/MS study, Hsp90 was identified as its molecular target, which is a fully different mechanism of action from what we reported before. Further studies showed compound 10 directly engaged the N-terminal site of Hsp90 and promoted the degradation of β-catenin, thereby suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. More importantly, compound 10 exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic parameters and significant anti-tumor efficacies in the HCT116 xenograft model. Taken together, this study furnished the discovery of candidate drug compound 10 possessing a novel fused tetrahydroisoquinoline scaffold with excellent in vitro and in vivo anti-CRC activities by targeting Hsp90 to disturb Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which lay a foundation for discovering more effective CRC-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Beibei Xu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qianwen Shen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yongcheng Su
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ziyu Lei
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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50
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Zaky DA, Mehny KA, Abdelrahman SS, El-Yamany MF, Kamel AS. Flibanserin conquers murine depressive pseudodementia by amending HPA axis, maladaptive inflammation and AKT/GSK/STAT/BDNF trajectory: Center-staging of the serotonergic/adrenergic circuitry. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176869. [PMID: 39117265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Depressive pseudodementia (DPD) is a debilitating cognitive dysfunction that accompanies major and/or frequent depressive attacks. DPD has gained significant research attention owing to its negative effects on the patients' quality of life and productivity. This study tested the procognitive potential of Flibanserin (FBN), the serotonin (5HT) receptor modulator, against propranolol (PRP), as β/5HT1A receptors blocker. Serving this purpose, female Wistar Albino rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) and subsequently treated with FBN only (3 mg/kg/day, p.o), PRP only (10 mg/kg/day, p.o), or PRP followed by FBN, using the same doses. FBN ameliorated the behavioral/cognitive alterations and calmed the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis storm by reducing the levels of stress-related hormones, viz, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) parallel to epinephrine (EPI) hyperstimulation. The maladaptive inflammatory response, comprising of interleukin (IL)-1β/6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, was consequently blunted. This was contemporaneous to the partial restoration of the protein kinase-B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 survival trajectory and the reinstatement of the levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Microscopically, FBN repaired the hippocampal architecture and lessened CD68/GFAP immunoreactivity. Pre-administration of PRP partially abolished FBN effect along the estimated parameters, except for 5HT2A receptor expression and epinephrine level, to prove 5HT1A receptor as a fulcrum initiator of the investigated pathway, while its sole administration worsened the underlying condition. Ultimately, these findings highlight the immense procognitive potential of FBN, offering a new paradigm for halting DPD advancement via synchronizing adrenergic/serotonergic circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | | | - Sahar S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F El-Yamany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
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