701
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Tsang TF, Qiu Y, Lin L, Ye J, Ma C, Yang X. Simple Method for Studying in Vitro Protein-Protein Interactions Based on Protein Complementation and Its Application in Drug Screening Targeting Bacterial Transcription. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:521-527. [PMID: 30834747 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) underpin essential cellular processes of all organisms and are increasingly considered as drug targets. A number of techniques have been established to study PPIs; however, development of a simple and cost-effective method for in vitro high throughput screening of PPI inhibitors is still in demand or desirable. We report herein a simple method based on protein complementation for the in vitro study of PPIs, as well as screening of inhibitors against the PPI of interest. We have validated this system utilizing bacterial transcription factors NusB and NusE. Three derivatives of an inhibitor targeting the NusB-NusE interaction were synthesized and characterized with the system, which showed specific inhibition and antimicrobial activities. We have further confirmed the system with the RNA polymerase-σ interaction and an inhibitor. This system is expected to be suitable for more extensive high throughput screening of large chemical libraries. Additionally, our vector system can be easily adapted to study other PPI pairs, followed by inhibitor screening for hit identification in the application of early stage drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Fung Tsang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yangyi Qiu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 18 Yue Xing 1st Road, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jiqing Ye
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 18 Yue Xing 1st Road, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Cong Ma
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 18 Yue Xing 1st Road, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
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702
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Regan DP, Coy JW, Chahal KK, Chow L, Kurihara JN, Guth AM, Kufareva I, Dow SW. The Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Losartan Suppresses Growth of Pulmonary Metastases via AT1R-Independent Inhibition of CCR2 Signaling and Monocyte Recruitment. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:3087-3102. [PMID: 30971441 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory monocytes have been shown to play key roles in cancer metastasis through promotion of tumor cell extravasation, growth, and angiogenesis. Monocyte recruitment to metastases is mediated primarily via the CCL2-CCR2 chemotactic axis. Thus, disruption of this axis represents an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of metastatic disease. Losartan, a type I angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) antagonist, has been previously shown to have immunomodulatory actions involving monocyte and macrophage activity. However, the exact mechanisms accounting for these effects have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the effects of losartan and its primary metabolite on CCL2-mediated monocyte recruitment and CCR2 receptor function using mouse tumor models and in vitro human monocyte cultures. We show, in this study, that losartan and its metabolite potently inhibit monocyte recruitment through the noncompetitive inhibition of CCL2-induced ERK1/2 activation, independent of AT1R activity. Studies in experimental metastasis models demonstrated that losartan treatment significantly reduced the metastatic burden in mice, an effect associated with a significant decrease in CD11b+/Ly6C+-recruited monocytes in the lungs. Collectively, these results indicate that losartan can exert antimetastatic activity by inhibiting CCR2 signaling and suppressing monocyte recruitment and therefore suggest that losartan (and potentially other AT1R blocker drugs) could be repurposed for use in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Jonathan W Coy
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; and
| | - Kirti Kandhwal Chahal
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; and
| | - Jade N Kurihara
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; and
| | - Amanda M Guth
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; and
| | - Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Steven W Dow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; .,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; and
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703
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Meijer FA, Leijten-van de Gevel IA, de Vries RMJM, Brunsveld L. Allosteric small molecule modulators of nuclear receptors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 485:20-34. [PMID: 30703487 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Receptors (NRs) are multi-domain proteins, whose natural regulation occurs via ligands for a classical, orthosteric, binding pocket and via intra- and inter-domain allosteric mechanisms. Allosteric modulation of NRs via synthetic small molecules has recently emerged as an interesting entry to address the need for small molecules targeting NRs in pathology, via novel modes of action and with beneficial profiles. In this review the general concept of allosteric modulation in drug discovery is first discussed, serving as a background and inspiration for NRs. Subsequently, the review focuses on examples of small molecules that allosterically modulate NRs, with a strong focus on structural information and the ligand binding domain. Recently discovered nanomolar potent allosteric site NR modulators are catapulting allosteric targeting of NRs to the center of attention. The obtained insights serve as a basis for recommendations for the next steps to take in allosteric small molecular targeting of NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke A Meijer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Iris A Leijten-van de Gevel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Rens M J M de Vries
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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704
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Wouters E, Marín AR, Dalton JAR, Giraldo J, Stove C. Distinct Dopamine D₂ Receptor Antagonists Differentially Impact D₂ Receptor Oligomerization. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071686. [PMID: 30987329 PMCID: PMC6480712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) are known to form transient homodimer complexes, of which the increased formation has already been associated with development of schizophrenia. Pharmacological targeting and modulation of the equilibrium of these receptor homodimers might lead to a better understanding of the critical role played by these complexes in physiological and pathological conditions. Whereas agonist addition has shown to prolong the D2R dimer lifetime and increase the level of dimer formation, the possible influence of D2R antagonists on dimerization has remained rather unexplored. Here, using a live-cell reporter assay based on the functional complementation of a split Nanoluciferase, a panel of six D2R antagonists were screened for their ability to modulate the level of D2LR dimer formation. Incubation with the D2R antagonist spiperone decreased the level of D2LR dimer formation significantly by 40–60% in real-time and after long-term (≥16 h) incubations. The fact that dimer formation of the well-studied A2a–D2LR dimer was not altered following incubation with spiperone supports the specificity of this observation. Other D2R antagonists, such as clozapine, risperidone, and droperidol did not significantly evoke this dissociation event. Furthermore, molecular modeling reveals that spiperone presents specific Tyr1995.48 and Phe3906.52 conformations, compared to clozapine, which may determine D2R homodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Wouters
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Adrián Ricarte Marín
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - James Andrew Rupert Dalton
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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705
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Wang JH, Nie WH, Shao XX, Li HZ, Hu MJ, Liu YL, Xu ZG, Guo ZY. Exploring electrostatic interactions of relaxin family peptide receptor 3 and 4 with ligands using a NanoBiT-based binding assay. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:776-786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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706
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Cannaert A, Vandeputte M, Wille SMR, Stove CP. Activity-based reporter assays for the screening of abused substances in biological matrices. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:95-109. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1576588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Cannaert
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Federal Public Service Justice, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marthe Vandeputte
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah M. R. Wille
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Federal Public Service Justice, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe P. Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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707
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Dale NC, Johnstone EKM, White CW, Pfleger KDG. NanoBRET: The Bright Future of Proximity-Based Assays. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:56. [PMID: 30972335 PMCID: PMC6443706 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a biophysical technique used to monitor proximity within live cells. BRET exploits the naturally occurring phenomenon of dipole-dipole energy transfer from a donor enzyme (luciferase) to an acceptor fluorophore following enzyme-mediated oxidation of a substrate. This results in production of a quantifiable signal that denotes proximity between proteins and/or molecules tagged with complementary luciferase and fluorophore partners. BRET assays have been used to observe an array of biological functions including ligand binding, intracellular signaling, receptor-receptor proximity, and receptor trafficking, however, BRET assays can theoretically be used to monitor the proximity of any protein or molecule for which appropriate fusion constructs and/or fluorophore conjugates can be produced. Over the years, new luciferases and approaches have been developed that have increased the potential applications for BRET assays. In particular, the development of the small, bright and stable Nanoluciferase (NanoLuc; Nluc) and its use in NanoBRET has vastly broadened the potential applications of BRET assays. These advances have exciting potential to produce new experimental methods to monitor protein-protein interactions (PPIs), protein-ligand interactions, and/or molecular proximity. In addition to NanoBRET, Nluc has also been exploited to produce NanoBiT technology, which further broadens the scope of BRET to monitor biological function when NanoBiT is combined with an acceptor. BRET has proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring proximity and interaction, and these recent advances further strengthen its utility for a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C Dale
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics TechnologiesAustralia
| | - Elizabeth K M Johnstone
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics TechnologiesAustralia
| | - Carl W White
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics TechnologiesAustralia
| | - Kevin D G Pfleger
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics TechnologiesAustralia.,Dimerix Limited, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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708
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Kobayashi H, Picard LP, Schönegge AM, Bouvier M. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based imaging of protein-protein interactions in living cells. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:1084-1107. [PMID: 30911173 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a transfer of energy between a luminescence donor and a fluorescence acceptor. Because BRET occurs when the distance between the donor and acceptor is <10 nm, and its efficiency is inversely proportional to the sixth power of distance, it has gained popularity as a proximity-based assay to monitor protein-protein interactions and conformational rearrangements in live cells. In such assays, one protein of interest is fused to a bioluminescent energy donor (luciferases from Renilla reniformis or Oplophorus gracilirostris), and the other protein is fused to a fluorescent energy acceptor (such as GFP or YFP). Because the BRET donor does not require an external light source, it does not lead to phototoxicity or autofluorescence. It therefore represents an interesting alternative to fluorescence-based imaging such as FRET. However, the low signal output of BRET energy donors has limited the spatiotemporal resolution of BRET imaging. Here, we describe how recent improvements in detection devices and BRET probes can be used to markedly improve the resolution of BRET imaging, thus widening the field of BRET imaging applications. The protocol described herein involves three main stages. First, cell preparation and transfection require 3 d, including cell culture time. Second, image acquisition takes 10-120 min per sample, after an initial 60 min for microscope setup. Finally, image analysis typically takes 1-2 h. The choices of energy donor, acceptor, luminescent substrates, cameras and microscope setup, as well as acquisition modes to be used for different applications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Philippe Picard
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Schönegge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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709
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Sugawara T, Baumgart SJ, Nevedomskaya E, Reichert K, Steuber H, Lejeune P, Mumberg D, Haendler B. Darolutamide is a potent androgen receptor antagonist with strong efficacy in prostate cancer models. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1382-1394. [PMID: 30828788 PMCID: PMC6766977 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Darolutamide is a novel androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with a distinct chemical structure compared to other AR antagonists and currently in clinical Phase 3 trials for prostate cancer. Using cell‐based transactivation assays, we demonstrate that darolutamide, its diastereomers and its main metabolite keto‐darolutamide are strong, competitive antagonists for AR wild type, and also for several mutants identified in prostate cancer patients for which other AR antagonists show reduced antagonism or even agonism. Darolutamide, its two diastereomers and main metabolite are also strong antagonists in assays measuring AR N/C interaction and homodimerization. Molecular modeling suggests that the flexibility of darolutamide allows accommodation in the W742C/L mutated AR ligand‐binding pocket while for enzalutamide the loss of the important hydrophobic interaction with W742 leads to reduced AR interaction. This correlates with an antagonistic pattern profile of coregulator recruitment for darolutamide. In vitro efficacy studies performed with androgen‐dependent prostate cancer cell lines show that darolutamide strongly reduces cell viability and potently inhibits spheroid formation. Also, a marked down‐regulation of androgen target genes paralleled by decreased AR binding to gene regulatory regions is seen. In vivo studies reveal that oral dosing of darolutamide markedly reduces growth of the LAPC‐4 cell line‐derived xenograft and of the KuCaP‐1 patient‐derived xenograft. Altogether, these results substantiate a unique antagonistic profile of darolutamide and support further development as a prostate cancer drug. What's new? Comparison of genomic landscapes from primary prostate cancer and metastatic tumor shows that resistance mechanisms are centered on androgen signaling and increased synthesis. Here, the novel androgen receptor (AR) antagonist darolutamide shows strong in vitro and in vivo efficacy in different prostate cancer models. Darolutamide retains its antagonistic properties at elevated androgen levels and for several AR mutants identified in therapy‐resistant patients. A unique binding profile inside the AR ligand‐binding domain linked to the flexibility of darolutamide is proposed. Altogether, these results substantiate a unique antagonistic profile of darolutamide and support further development as a prostate cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Sugawara
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon J Baumgart
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Nevedomskaya
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Reichert
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Steuber
- Structural Biology, Lead Discovery Berlin, Small Molecule Innovation, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascale Lejeune
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernard Haendler
- Oncology II, Preclinical Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
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710
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Calreticulin mutants as oncogenic rogue chaperones for TpoR and traffic-defective pathogenic TpoR mutants. Blood 2019; 133:2669-2681. [PMID: 30902807 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-874578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) +1 frameshift mutations in exon 9 are prevalent in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Mutant CALRs possess a new C-terminal sequence rich in positively charged amino acids, leading to activation of the thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR/MPL). We show that the new sequence endows the mutant CALR with rogue chaperone activity, stabilizing a dimeric state and transporting TpoR and mutants thereof to the cell surface in states that would not pass quality control; this function is absolutely required for oncogenic transformation. Mutant CALRs determine traffic via the secretory pathway of partially immature TpoR, as they protect N117-linked glycans from further processing in the Golgi apparatus. A number of engineered or disease-associated TpoRs such as TpoR/MPL R102P, which causes congenital thrombocytopenia, are rescued for traffic and function by mutant CALRs, which can also overcome endoplasmic reticulum retention signals on TpoR. In addition to requiring N-glycosylation of TpoR, mutant CALRs require a hydrophobic patch located in the extracellular domain of TpoR to induce TpoR thermal stability and initial intracellular activation, whereas full activation requires cell surface localization of TpoR. Thus, mutant CALRs are rogue chaperones for TpoR and traffic-defective TpoR mutants, a function required for the oncogenic effects.
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711
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Gógl G, Biri-Kovács B, Durbesson F, Jane P, Nomine Y, Kostmann C, Bilics V, Simon M, Reményi A, Vincentelli R, Trave G, Nyitray L. Rewiring of RSK-PDZ Interactome by Linear Motif Phosphorylation. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1234-1249. [PMID: 30726710 PMCID: PMC6424611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of short linear peptide motifs is a widespread process for the dynamic regulation of protein-protein interactions. However, the global impact of phosphorylation events on the protein-protein interactome is rarely addressed. The disordered C-terminal tail of ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1) binds to PDZ domain-containing scaffold proteins, and it harbors a phosphorylatable PDZ-binding motif (PBM) responsive to epidermal growth factor stimulation. Here, we examined binding of two versions of the RSK1 PBM, either phosphorylated or unphosphorylated at position -3, to almost all (95%) of the 266 PDZ domains of the human proteome. PBM phosphorylation dramatically altered the PDZ domain-binding landscape of RSK1, by strengthening or weakening numerous interactions to various degrees. The RSK-PDZome interactome analyzed in this study reveals how linear motif-based phospho-switches convey stimulus-dependent changes in the context of related network components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Gógl
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Biri-Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fabien Durbesson
- Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Aix-Marseille Universite, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), Marseille, France
| | - Pau Jane
- Equipe Labellisee Ligue 2015, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258/CNRS UMR 7104/Universite de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Yves Nomine
- Equipe Labellisee Ligue 2015, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258/CNRS UMR 7104/Universite de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Camille Kostmann
- Equipe Labellisee Ligue 2015, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258/CNRS UMR 7104/Universite de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Viktória Bilics
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Reményi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renaud Vincentelli
- Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7257, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Aix-Marseille Universite, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Trave
- Equipe Labellisee Ligue 2015, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258/CNRS UMR 7104/Universite de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, F-67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - László Nyitray
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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712
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A High-Resolution Luminescent Assay for Rapid and Continuous Monitoring of Protein Translocation across Biological Membranes. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1689-1699. [PMID: 30878481 PMCID: PMC6461198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein translocation is a fundamental process in biology. Major gaps in our understanding of this process arise due the poor sensitivity, low time resolution and irreproducibility of translocation assays. To address this, we applied NanoLuc split-luciferase to produce a new strategy for measuring protein transport. The system reduces the timescale of data collection from days to minutes and allows for continuous acquisition with a time resolution in the order of seconds, yielding kinetics parameters suitable for mechanistic elucidation and mathematical fitting. To demonstrate its versatility, we implemented and validated the assay in vitro and in vivo for the bacterial Sec system and the mitochondrial protein import apparatus. Overall, this technology represents a major step forward, providing a powerful new tool for fundamental mechanistic enquiry of protein translocation and for inhibitor (drug) screening, with an intensity and rigor unattainable through classical methods. Conventional methods for monitoring protein translocation are laborious and discontinuous and lack kinetic detail. A split NanoLuc system was adapted for real-time monitoring of protein translocation through the bacterial Sec system and the mitochondrial Tim23 complex. The new assay reduces the timescale of data acquisition from days to minutes. It produces high-quality results suitable for kinetic fitting and model derivation.
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713
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Littmann T, Buschauer A, Bernhardt G. Split luciferase-based assay for simultaneous analyses of the ligand concentration- and time-dependent recruitment of β-arrestin2. Anal Biochem 2019; 573:8-16. [PMID: 30853375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Functional selectivity of agonists has gained increasing interest in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) research, e.g. due to expectations of drugs with reduced adverse effects. Different agonist-dependent GPCR conformations are conceived to selectively activate a balanced or imbalanced intracellular signalling response, involving e.g. different Gα subtypes, Gβγ-subunits and β-arrestins. To discriminate between the different signalling pathways (bias), sensitive techniques are needed that do not interfere with signalling. We applied split luciferase complementation to the GPCR/β-arrestin2 interaction and thoroughly analysed the influence of its implementation on intracellular signalling. This led to an assay enabling the functional characterization of ligands at the hH1R, the hM1,5R and the hNTS1R in live HEK293T cells. As demonstrated at the hM1,5R, the assay was sensitive enough to identify iperoxo as a superagonist. Time-dependent analyses of the recruitment of β-arrestin2 became possible, allowing the identification of class A and class B GPCRs, due to the differential duration of their interaction with β-arrestin2 and their recycling to the cell membrane. The developed β-arrestin2 recruitment assay, which provides concentration- and time-dependent information on the interaction between GPCRs and β-arrestin2 upon stimulation of the receptor, should be broadly applicable and of high value for the analysis of agonist bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Littmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Armin Buschauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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714
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Lueck JD, Yoon JS, Perales-Puchalt A, Mackey AL, Infield DT, Behlke MA, Pope MR, Weiner DB, Skach WR, McCray PB, Ahern CA. Engineered transfer RNAs for suppression of premature termination codons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:822. [PMID: 30778053 PMCID: PMC6379413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08329-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature termination codons (PTCs) are responsible for 10–15% of all inherited disease. PTC suppression during translation offers a promising approach to treat a variety of genetic disorders, yet small molecules that promote PTC read-through have yielded mixed performance in clinical trials. Here we present a high-throughput, cell-based assay to identify anticodon engineered transfer RNAs (ACE-tRNA) which can effectively suppress in-frame PTCs and faithfully encode their cognate amino acid. In total, we identify ACE-tRNA with a high degree of suppression activity targeting the most common human disease-causing nonsense codons. Genome-wide transcriptome ribosome profiling of cells expressing ACE-tRNA at levels which repair PTC indicate that there are limited interactions with translation termination codons. These ACE-tRNAs display high suppression potency in mammalian cells, Xenopus oocytes and mice in vivo, producing PTC repair in multiple genes, including disease causing mutations within cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Premature termination codon suppression therapy could be used to treat a range of genetic disorders. Here the authors present a high-throughput cell-based assay to identify anticodon engineered tRNAs with high suppression activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Lueck
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Jae Seok Yoon
- CFFT Lab, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, 02421, MA, USA
| | | | - Adam L Mackey
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Daniel T Infield
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mark A Behlke
- Integrated DNA Technologies Inc., Coralville, IA, 52241, USA
| | - Marshall R Pope
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - William R Skach
- CFFT Lab, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, 02421, MA, USA.,Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Christopher A Ahern
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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715
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Hale LJ, Little MH. Shining a Light on Alport Syndrome. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 25:497-498. [PMID: 29775602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Omachi et al. (2018) present a split Nanoluciferase system to identify successful protein trimerization in Alport syndrome. This elegant proof of concept suggests opportunities for drug screening for Alport syndrome and may be transferable to the study of other diseases affecting protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna J Hale
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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716
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Struk S, Jacobs A, Sánchez Martín-Fontecha E, Gevaert K, Cubas P, Goormachtig S. Exploring the protein-protein interaction landscape in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:387-409. [PMID: 30156707 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represent an essential aspect of plant systems biology. Identification of key protein players and their interaction networks provide crucial insights into the regulation of plant developmental processes and into interactions of plants with their environment. Despite the great advance in the methods for the discovery and validation of PPIs, still several challenges remain. First, the PPI networks are usually highly dynamic, and the in vivo interactions are often transient and difficult to detect. Therefore, the properties of the PPIs under study need to be considered to select the most suitable technique, because each has its own advantages and limitations. Second, besides knowledge on the interacting partners of a protein of interest, characteristics of the interaction, such as the spatial or temporal dynamics, are highly important. Hence, multiple approaches have to be combined to obtain a comprehensive view on the PPI network present in a cell. Here, we present the progress in commonly used methods to detect and validate PPIs in plants with a special emphasis on the PPI features assessed in each approach and how they were or can be used for the study of plant interactions with their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Struk
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anse Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elena Sánchez Martín-Fontecha
- Plant Molecular Genetics Department, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pilar Cubas
- Plant Molecular Genetics Department, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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717
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Leroy E, Balligand T, Pecquet C, Mouton C, Colau D, Shiau AK, Dusa A, Constantinescu SN. Differential effect of inhibitory strategies of the V617 mutant of JAK2 on cytokine receptor signaling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:224-235. [PMID: 30707971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janus kinase (JAK) 2 plays pivotal roles in signaling by several cytokine receptors. The mutant JAK2 V617F is the most common molecular event associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Selective targeting of the mutant would be ideal for treating these pathologies by sparing essential JAK2 functions. OBJECTIVE We characterize inhibitory strategies for JAK2 V617F and assess their effect on physiologic signaling by distinct cytokine receptors. METHODS Through structure-guided mutagenesis, we assessed the role of key residues around F617 and used a combination of cellular and biochemical assays to measure the activity of JAKs in reconstituted cells. We also assessed the effect of several specific JAK2 V617F inhibitory mutations on receptor dimerization using the NanoBiT protein complementation approach. RESULTS We identified a novel Janus kinase homology 2 (JH2) αC mutation, A598F, which is suggested to inhibit the aromatic stacking between F617 with F594 and F595. Like other JAK2 V617F inhibitory mutations, A598F decreased oncogenic activation and spared cytokine activation while preventing JAK2 V617F-promoted erythropoietin receptor dimerization. Surprisingly, A598F and other V617F-inhibiting mutations (F595A, E596R, and F537A) significantly impaired IFN-γ signaling. This was specific for IFN-γ because the inhibitory mutations preserved responses to ligands of a series of receptor complexes. Similarly, homologous mutations in JAK1 prevented signaling by IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS The JH2 αC region, which is required for JAK2 V617F hyperactivation, is crucial for relaying cytokine-induced signaling of the IFN-γ receptor. We discuss how strategies aiming to inhibit JAK2 V617F could be used for identifying inhibitors of IFN-γ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Leroy
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Balligand
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Pecquet
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Mouton
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Colau
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrew K Shiau
- Small Discovery Program, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Alexandra Dusa
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Brussels, Belgium.
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718
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Ni Y, Arts R, Merkx M. Ratiometric Bioluminescent Sensor Proteins Based on Intramolecular Split Luciferase Complementation. ACS Sens 2019; 4:20-25. [PMID: 30525479 PMCID: PMC6350203 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescent sensor proteins provide attractive tools for applications ranging from in vivo imaging to point-of-care testing. Here we introduce a new class of ratiometric bioluminescent sensor proteins that do not rely on direct modulation of BRET efficiency, but are based on competitive intramolecular complementation of split NanoLuc luciferase. Proof of concept for the feasibility of this sensor principle was provided by developing a blue-red light emitting sensor protein for the detection of anti-HIV1-p17 antibodies with a 500% change in emission ratio and a Kd of 10 pM. The new sensor design also improved the dynamic response of a sensor for the therapeutic antibody cetuximab 4-fold, allowing the direct quantification of this anti-EGFR antibody in undiluted blood plasma. The modular sensor architecture allows easy and systematic tuning of a sensor's dynamic range and should be generally applicable to allow rational engineering of bioluminescent sensor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ni
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Arts
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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719
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Du Y, Hu H, Pei X, Du K, Wei T. Genetically Encoded FapR-NLuc as a Biosensor to Determine Malonyl-CoA in Situ at Subcellular Scales. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:826-832. [PMID: 30629412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Malonyl-CoA is one of the key metabolic intermediates in fatty acid metabolism as well as a key player in protein post-translational modifications. Detection of malonyl-CoA in live cells is challenging because of the lack of effective measuring tools. Here we developed a genetically encoded biosensor, FapR-NLuc, by combining a malonyl-CoA responsive bacterial transcriptional factor, FapR, with an engineered luciferase, NanoLuciferase (NLuc). FapR-NLuc specifically responds to malonyl-CoA and enables the rapid detection of malonyl-CoA at the micromolar level. More importantly, it is reflective of the fluctuations of malonyl-CoA in live cells. Upon being targeted to subcellular compartments, this biosensor can detect the changes of malonyl-CoA in situ within organelles. Thus, FapR-NLuc can potentially be used as a tool to study the kinetics of malonyl-CoA in live cells, which will shed light on the underlying mechanisms of malonyl-CoA-mediated biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Du
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Hao Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Pei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Kang Du
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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720
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Oliveira Paiva AM, Friggen AH, Qin L, Douwes R, Dame RT, Smits WK. The Bacterial Chromatin Protein HupA Can Remodel DNA and Associates with the Nucleoid in Clostridium difficile. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:653-672. [PMID: 30633871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance and organization of the chromosome plays an important role in the development and survival of bacteria. Bacterial chromatin proteins are architectural proteins that bind DNA and modulate its conformation, and by doing so affect a variety of cellular processes. No bacterial chromatin proteins of Clostridium difficile have been characterized to date. Here, we investigate aspects of the C. difficile HupA protein, a homologue of the histone-like HU proteins of Escherichia coli. HupA is a 10-kDa protein that is present as a homodimer in vitro and self-interacts in vivo. HupA co-localizes with the nucleoid of C. difficile. It binds to the DNA without a preference for the DNA G + C content. Upon DNA binding, HupA induces a conformational change in the substrate DNA in vitro and leads to compaction of the chromosome in vivo. The present study is the first to characterize a bacterial chromatin protein in C. difficile and opens the way to study the role of chromosomal organization in DNA metabolism and on other cellular processes in this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Oliveira Paiva
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke H Friggen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Liang Qin
- Faculty of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roxanne Douwes
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Remus T Dame
- Faculty of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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721
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Zhang W, Matsuo R, Takahara T, Shibata H, Maki M. High Sensitive Quantitative Binding Assays Using a Nanoluciferase-Fused Probe for Analysis of ALG-2-Interacting Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1929:501-516. [PMID: 30710293 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9030-6_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many non-catalytic cellular proteins exert biological functions by formation of stable or transient complexes with other proteins. Analysis of the signal-induced physical interactions is important to understand their physiological roles in cells. Here we describe a biochemical method for assessing the binding of ALG-2 (gene name, PDCD6) to its target proteins that are immunoprecipitated from cell lysates. Application of nanoluciferase (Nluc)-fused ALG-2 enables a rapid quantitative evaluation of Ca2+-dependent interactions of target proteins with ALG-2 in vitro binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rina Matsuo
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Terunao Takahara
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Shibata
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Maki
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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722
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Abstract
The stabilization and activation of NOX4 through its binding with p22phox are well documented; however little is known of the precise manner by which these two proteins interact. In recent years, the field of proteomics has undergone tremendous development with the introduction of many novel methods for the identification and characterization of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). To enhance our understanding of structural determinants leading to the association between NOX4 and p22phox, we developed a binary luciferase reporter assay (NanoBiT®) to quantitatively assess NOX4-p22phox heterodimerization. The complementation reporter quantitatively determines the accurate, reduced, or failed complex assembly, which can be confirmed and further interrogated by analyzing NOX4 catalytic activity (H2O2 release), protein expression, and dimer localization. This association-based PPI technique represents both a much-needed expansion of the NOX4 lead discovery tool box and a versatile method to probe the architecture of NOX and DUOX complexes in the future.
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723
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Titeca K, Lemmens I, Tavernier J, Eyckerman S. Discovering cellular protein-protein interactions: Technological strategies and opportunities. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:79-111. [PMID: 29957823 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of protein interaction networks is one of the key challenges in the study of biology. It connects genotypes to phenotypes, and disruption often leads to diseases. Hence, many technologies have been developed to study protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in a cellular context. The expansion of the PPI technology toolbox however complicates the selection of optimal approaches for diverse biological questions. This review gives an overview of the binary and co-complex technologies, with the former evaluating the interaction of two co-expressed genetically tagged proteins, and the latter only needing the expression of a single tagged protein or no tagged proteins at all. Mass spectrometry is crucial for some binary and all co-complex technologies. After the detailed description of the different technologies, the review compares their unique specifications, advantages, disadvantages, and applicability, while highlighting opportunities for further advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Titeca
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Irma Lemmens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Eyckerman
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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724
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Pedelacq JD, Waldo GS, Cabantous S. High-Throughput Protein-Protein Interaction Assays Using Tripartite Split-GFP Complementation. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2025:423-437. [PMID: 31267465 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9624-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most cellular processes are driven by complex protein-protein interaction networks. Identifying key players and characterizing their interactions at the cellular and molecular level is of key importance to understand biochemical mechanisms that control cellular responses. Here, we detail a protocol for monitoring protein-protein interactions in E. coli cells or in cell extracts using a tripartite split-GFP system comprised of a protein interaction detector fragment (GFP ß-strands 1 through 9 or GFP1-9) and small tagging fragments of GFP ß-strands 10 (GFP10) and 11 (GFP11). Interaction of bait and prey proteins fused to GFP10 and GFP11 tether the small GFP fragments, allowing self-association with GFP1-9. In this scenario, fluorescence intensity of the reconstituted GFP is correlated with the strength of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Denis Pedelacq
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Geoffrey S Waldo
- Bioscience Division, MS-M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
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725
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Laschet C, Dupuis N, Hanson J. A dynamic and screening-compatible nanoluciferase-based complementation assay enables profiling of individual GPCR-G protein interactions. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:4079-4090. [PMID: 30593506 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are currently the target of more than 30% of the marketed medicines. However, there is an important medical need for ligands with improved pharmacological activities on validated drug targets. Moreover, most of these ligands remain poorly characterized, notably because of a lack of pharmacological tools. Thus, there is an important demand for innovative assays that can detect and drive the design of compounds with novel or improved pharmacological properties. In particular, a functional and screening-compatible GPCR-G protein interaction assay is still unavailable. Here, we report on a nanoluciferase-based complementation technique to detect ligands that promote a GPCR-G protein interaction. We demonstrate that our system can be used to profile compounds with regard to the G proteins they activate through a given GPCR. Furthermore, we established a proof of applicability of screening for distinct G proteins on dopamine receptor D2 whose differential coupling to Gαi/o family members has been extensively studied. In a D2-Gαi1 versus D2-Gαo screening, we retrieved five agonists that are currently being used in antiparkinsonian medications. We determined that in this assay, piribedil and pergolide are full agonists for the recruitment of Gαi1 but are partial agonists for Gαo, that the agonist activity of ropinirole is biased in favor of Gαi1 recruitment, and that the agonist activity of apomorphine is biased for Gαo We propose that this newly developed assay could be used to develop molecules that selectively modulate a particular G protein pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Laschet
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, 4000 Liège and
| | - Nadine Dupuis
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, 4000 Liège and
| | - Julien Hanson
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, 4000 Liège and .,the Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CIRM-Drug Target and Lead Discovery, University of Liège, Liège CHU, B34 (+4), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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726
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Pomerantz AK, Sari-Sarraf F, Grove KJ, Pedro L, Rudewicz PJ, Fathman JW, Krucker T. Enabling drug discovery and development through single-cell imaging. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 14:115-125. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1559147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K. Pomerantz
- Analytical Sciences & Imaging, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Farid Sari-Sarraf
- Analytical Sciences & Imaging, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kerri J. Grove
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Liliana Pedro
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Patrick J. Rudewicz
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - John W. Fathman
- Cancer Therapeutics, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Krucker
- Alliance Management and Partnering, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
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727
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Grañe-Boladeras N, Williams D, Tarmakova Z, Stevanovic K, Villani LA, Mehrabi P, Siu KWM, Pastor-Anglada M, Coe IR. Oligomerization of equilibrative nucleoside transporters: a novel regulatory and functional mechanism involving PKC and PP1. FASEB J 2018; 33:3841-3850. [PMID: 30521377 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800440rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) translocate nucleosides and nucleobases across plasma membranes, as well as a variety of anti-cancer, -viral, and -parasite nucleoside analogs. They are also key members of the purinome complex and regulate the protective and anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine. Despite their important role, little is known about the mechanisms involved in their regulation. We conducted membrane yeast 2-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation studies and identified, for the first time to our knowledge, the existence of protein-protein interactions between human ENT1 and ENT2 (hENT1 and hENT2) proteins in human cells and the formation of hetero- and homo-oligomers at the plasma membrane and the submembrane region. The use of NanoLuc Binary Technology allowed us to analyze changes in the oligomeric status of hENT1 and hENT2 and how they rapidly modify the uptake profile for nucleosides and nucleobases and allow cells to respond promptly to external signals or changes in the extracellular environment. These changes in hENTs oligomerization are triggered by PKC activation and subsequent action of protein phosphatase 1.-Grañe-Boladeras, N., Williams, D., Tarmakova, Z., Stevanovic, K., Villani, L. A., Mehrabi, P., Siu, K. W. M., Pastor-Anglada, M., Coe, I. R. Oligomerization of equilibrative nucleoside transporters: a novel regulatory and functional mechanism involving PKC and PP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Grañe-Boladeras
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,National Biomedical Research Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Declan Williams
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Zlatina Tarmakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katarina Stevanovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda A Villani
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pedram Mehrabi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K W Michael Siu
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Marçal Pastor-Anglada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,National Biomedical Research Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imogen R Coe
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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728
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GPCR structure and function relationship: identification of a biased apelin receptor mutant. Biochem J 2018; 475:3813-3826. [PMID: 30409826 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biased ligands of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) may have improved therapeutic benefits and safety profiles. However, the molecular mechanism of GPCR biased signaling remains largely unknown. Using apelin receptor (APJ) as a model, we systematically investigated the potential effects of amino acid residues around the orthosteric binding site on biased signaling. We discovered that a single residue mutation I109A (I1093.32) in the transmembrane domain 3 (TM3) located in the deep ligand-binding pocket was sufficient to convert a balanced APJ into a G protein signaling biased receptor. APJ I109A mutant receptor retained full capabilities in ligand binding and G protein activation, but was defective in GRK recruitment, β-arrestin recruitment, and downstream receptor-mediated ERK activation. Based on molecular dynamics simulations, we proposed a molecular mechanism for biased signaling of I109A mutant receptor. We postulate that due to the extra space created by I109A mutation, the phenyl group of the last residue (Phe-13) of apelin rotates down and initiates a cascade of conformational changes in TM3. Phe-13 formed a new cluster of hydrophobic interactions with the sidechains of residues in TM3, including F1103.33 and M1133.36, which stabilizes the mutant receptor in a conformation favoring biased signaling. Interruption of these stabilizing interactions by double mutation F110A/I109A or M113A/I109A largely restored the β-arrestin-mediated signaling. Taken together, we describe herein the discovery of a biased APJ mutant receptor and provide detailed molecular insights into APJ signaling selectivity, facilitating the discovery of novel therapeutics targeting APJ.
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729
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Identification of Compounds Targeting Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Dimerization through a Split Luciferase Complementation Assay. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.01302-18. [PMID: 30224531 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01302-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The capsid of the hepatitis B virus is an attractive antiviral target for developing therapies against chronic hepatitis B infection. Currently available core protein allosteric modulators (CpAMs) mainly affect one of the two major types of protein-protein interactions involved in the process of capsid assembly, namely, the interaction between the core dimers. Compounds targeting the interaction between two core monomers have not been rigorously screened due to the lack of screening models. We report here a cell-based assay in which the formation of core dimers is indicated by split luciferase complementation (SLC). Making use of this model, 2 compounds, Arbidol (umifenovir) and 20-deoxyingenol, were identified from a library containing 672 compounds as core dimerization regulators. Arbidol and 20-deoxyingenol inhibit the hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication in vitro by decreasing and increasing the formation of core dimer and capsid, respectively. Our results provided a proof of concept for the cell model to be used to screen new agents targeting the step of core dimer and capsid formation.
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730
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Littmann T, Ozawa T, Hoffmann C, Buschauer A, Bernhardt G. A split luciferase-based probe for quantitative proximal determination of Gα q signalling in live cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17179. [PMID: 30464299 PMCID: PMC6249299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The earlier an activation of a G protein-dependent signalling cascade at a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is probed, the less amplificatory effects contribute to the measured signal. This is especially useful in case of a precise quantification of agonist efficacies, and is of paramount importance, when determining agonist bias in relation to the β-arrestin pathway. As most canonical assays with medium to high throughput rely on the quantification of second messengers, and assays affording more proximal readouts are often limited in throughput, we developed a technique with a proximal readout and sufficiently high throughput that can be used in live cells. Split luciferase complementation (SLC) was applied to assess the interaction of Gαq with its effector phospholipase C-β3. The resulting probe yielded an excellent Z' value of 0.7 and offers a broad and easy applicability to various Gαq-coupling GPCRs (hH1R, hM1,3,5R, hNTS1R), expressed in HEK293T cells, allowing the functional characterisation of agonists and antagonists. Furthermore, the developed sensor enabled imaging of live cells by luminescence microscopy, as demonstrated for the hM3R. The versatile SLC-based probe is broadly applicable e.g. to the screening and the pharmacological characterisation of GPCR ligands as well as to molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Littmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Armin Buschauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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731
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Shihoya W, Izume T, Inoue A, Yamashita K, Kadji FMN, Hirata K, Aoki J, Nishizawa T, Nureki O. Crystal structures of human ET B receptor provide mechanistic insight into receptor activation and partial activation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4711. [PMID: 30413709 PMCID: PMC6226434 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin receptors (ETA and ETB) are class A GPCRs activated by vasoactive peptide endothelins, and are involved in blood pressure regulation. ETB-selective signalling induces vasorelaxation, and thus selective ETB agonists are expected to be utilized for improved anti-tumour drug delivery and neuroprotection. Here, we report the crystal structures of human ETB receptor in complex with ETB-selective agonist, endothelin-3 and an ETB-selective endothelin analogue IRL1620. The structure of the endothelin-3-bound receptor reveals that the disruption of water-mediated interactions between W6.48 and D2.50 is critical for receptor activation, while these hydrogen-bonding interactions are partially preserved in the IRL1620-bound structure. Consistently, functional analysis reveals the partial agonistic effect of IRL1620. The current findings clarify the detailed molecular mechanism for the coupling between the orthosteric pocket and the G-protein binding, and the partial agonistic effect of IRL1620, thus paving the way for the design of improved agonistic drugs targeting ETB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Shihoya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tamaki Izume
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yamashita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Francois Marie Ngako Kadji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | | | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishizawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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732
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Inhibition of HBV Transcription From cccDNA With Nitazoxanide by Targeting the HBx-DDB1 Interaction. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 7:297-312. [PMID: 30704981 PMCID: PMC6357790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health concern worldwide. Although currently used nucleos(t)ide analogs efficiently inhibit viral replication, viral proteins transcribed from the episomal viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome continue to be expressed long-term. Because high viral RNA or antigen loads may play a biological role during this chronicity, the elimination of viral products is an ultimate goal of HBV treatment. HBV regulatory protein X (HBx) was recently found to promote transcription of cccDNA with degradation of Smc5/6 through the interaction of HBx with the host protein DDB1. Here, this protein-protein interaction was considered as a new molecular target of HBV treatment. METHODS To identify candidate compounds that target the HBx-DDB1 interaction, a newly constructed split luciferase assay system was applied to comprehensive compound screening. The effects of the identified compounds on HBV transcription and cccDNA maintenance were determined using HBV minicircle DNA, which mimics HBV cccDNA, and the natural HBV infection model of human primary hepatocytes. RESULTS We show that nitazoxanide (NTZ), a thiazolide anti-infective agent that has been approved by the FDA for protozoan enteritis, efficiently inhibits the HBx-DDB1 protein interaction. NTZ significantly restores Smc5 protein levels and suppresses viral transcription and viral protein production in the HBV minicircle system and in human primary hepatocytes naturally infected with HBV. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that NTZ, which targets an HBV-related viral-host protein interaction, may be a promising new therapeutic agent and a step toward a functional HBV cure.
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733
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Function of BriC peptide in the pneumococcal competence and virulence portfolio. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007328. [PMID: 30308062 PMCID: PMC6181422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis. The progression to this pathogenic lifestyle is preceded by asymptomatic colonization of the nasopharynx. This colonization is associated with biofilm formation; the competence pathway influences the structure and stability of biofilms. However, the molecules that link the competence pathway to biofilm formation are unknown. Here, we describe a new competence-induced gene, called briC, and demonstrate that its product promotes biofilm development and stimulates colonization in a murine model. We show that expression of briC is induced by the master regulator of competence, ComE. Whereas briC does not substantially influence early biofilm development on abiotic surfaces, it significantly impacts later stages of biofilm development. Specifically, briC expression leads to increases in biofilm biomass and thickness at 72h. Consistent with the role of biofilms in colonization, briC promotes nasopharyngeal colonization in the murine model. The function of BriC appears to be conserved across pneumococci, as comparative genomics reveal that briC is widespread across isolates. Surprisingly, many isolates, including strains from clinically important PMEN1 and PMEN14 lineages, which are widely associated with colonization, encode a long briC promoter. This long form captures an instance of genomic plasticity and functions as a competence-independent expression enhancer that may serve as a precocious point of entry into this otherwise competence-regulated pathway. Moreover, overexpression of briC by the long promoter fully rescues the comE-deletion induced biofilm defect in vitro, and partially in vivo. These findings indicate that BriC may bypass the influence of competence in biofilm development and that such a pathway may be active in a subset of pneumococcal lineages. In conclusion, BriC is a part of the complex molecular network that connects signaling of the competence pathway to biofilm development and colonization. Pneumococcal biofilms occur in chronic otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasopharyngeal colonization. These biofilms are an important component of pneumococcal epidemiology, particularly in influencing transmission, maintenance of asymptomatic colonization, and development of disease. The transcriptional program initiated via signaling of the competence pathway is critical for productive biofilm formation and is a strong contributor of pneumococcal infection and adaptation. In this study, we have identified BriC, a previously uncharacterized peptide that serves as a bridge between the competence pathway and biofilm development. We show that briC is induced by ComE, the master regulator of competence, and promotes biofilm development. Moreover, our studies in the murine model demonstrate that BriC is a novel colonization enhancer. Our studies of briC regulation capture an instance of genomic plasticity, where natural variation in the briC promoter sequence reveals the existence of an additional competence-independent regulatory unit. This natural variation may be able to modify the extent to which competence contributes to biofilm development and to nasopharyngeal colonization across different pneumococcal lineages. In summary, this study introduces a colonization factor and reveals a molecular link between competence and biofilm development.
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734
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A polymorphic residue that attenuates the antiviral potential of interferon lambda 4 in hominid lineages. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007307. [PMID: 30308076 PMCID: PMC6181419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As antimicrobial signalling molecules, type III or lambda interferons (IFNλs) are critical for defence against infection by diverse pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Counter-intuitively, expression of one member of the family, IFNλ4, is associated with decreased clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the human population; by contrast, a natural frameshift mutation that abrogates IFNλ4 production improves HCV clearance. To further understand how genetic variation between and within species affects IFNλ4 function, we screened a panel of all known extant coding variants of human IFNλ4 for their antiviral potential and identify three that substantially affect activity: P70S, L79F and K154E. The most notable variant was K154E, which was found in African Congo rainforest ‘Pygmy’ hunter-gatherers. K154E greatly enhanced in vitro activity in a range of antiviral (HCV, Zika virus, influenza virus and encephalomyocarditis virus) and gene expression assays. Remarkably, E154 is the ancestral residue in mammalian IFNλ4s and is extremely well conserved, yet K154 has been fixed throughout evolution of the hominid genus Homo, including Neanderthals. Compared to chimpanzee IFNλ4, the human orthologue had reduced activity due to amino acid K154. Comparison of published gene expression data from humans and chimpanzees showed that this difference in activity between K154 and E154 in IFNλ4 correlates with differences in antiviral gene expression in vivo during HCV infection. Mechanistically, our data show that the human-specific K154 negatively affects IFNλ4 activity through a novel means by reducing its secretion and potency. We thus demonstrate that attenuated activity of IFNλ4 is conserved among humans and postulate that differences in IFNλ4 activity between species contribute to distinct host-specific responses to—and outcomes of—infection, such as HCV infection. The driver of reduced IFNλ4 antiviral activity in humans remains unknown but likely arose between 6 million and 360,000 years ago in Africa. Natural genetic variation and its influence on the outcome of viral infection is a topical area given the wealth of genetic data now available. However, understanding how clinical phenotype is affected by genetic variation at the molecular level is often lacking yet critical for any insight into immunity and disease. It is known that variants in the antiviral ‘interferon lambda 4’ (IFNL4) gene significantly influence outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans. Counter-intuitively, those producing IFNL4 have greater risk of establishing chronic HCV infection, compared to individuals with an inactive variant, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. From a comprehensive screen of all natural human variants, we show that the most common form of IFNλ4 is less able to protect human cells from pathogenic virus infection than the equivalent protein from our closest living relative the chimpanzee. This is as a result of a single amino acid substitution that impedes its release from cells and reduces antiviral gene expression. Our observed differences in activity correlated with divergent host responses in HCV-infected livers from humans and chimpanzees. We suggest that human IFNL4 evolution places humans at a disadvantage when infected with pathogens such as HCV.
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735
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Kaasbøll OJ, Gadicherla AK, Wang JH, Monsen VT, Hagelin EMV, Dong MQ, Attramadal H. Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) is a matricellular preproprotein controlled by proteolytic activation. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17953-17970. [PMID: 30262666 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; now often referred to as CCN2) is a secreted protein predominantly expressed during development, in various pathological conditions that involve enhanced fibrogenesis and tissue fibrosis, and in several cancers and is currently an emerging target in several early-phase clinical trials. Tissues containing high CCN2 activities often display smaller degradation products of full-length CCN2 (FL-CCN2). Interpretation of these observations is complicated by the fact that a uniform protein structure that defines biologically active CCN2 has not yet been resolved. Here, using DG44 CHO cells engineered to produce and secrete FL-CCN2 and cell signaling and cell physiological activity assays, we demonstrate that FL-CCN2 is itself an inactive precursor and that a proteolytic fragment comprising domains III (thrombospondin type 1 repeat) and IV (cystine knot) appears to convey all biologically relevant activities of CCN2. In congruence with these findings, purified FL-CCN2 could be cleaved and activated following incubation with matrix metalloproteinase activities. Furthermore, the C-terminal fragment of CCN2 (domains III and IV) also formed homodimers that were ∼20-fold more potent than the monomeric form in activating intracellular phosphokinase cascades. The homodimer elicited activation of fibroblast migration, stimulated assembly of focal adhesion complexes, enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells, and promoted mammosphere formation of MCF-7 mammary cancer cells. In conclusion, CCN2 is synthesized and secreted as a preproprotein that is autoinhibited by its two N-terminal domains and requires proteolytic processing and homodimerization to become fully biologically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Jørgen Kaasbøll
- From the Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ashish K Gadicherla
- From the Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Vivi Talstad Monsen
- From the Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Else Marie Valbjørn Hagelin
- From the Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Meng-Qiu Dong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Håvard Attramadal
- From the Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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736
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Aper SJA, den Hamer A, Wouters SFA, Lemmens LJM, Ottmann C, Brunsveld L, Merkx M. Protease-Activatable Scaffold Proteins as Versatile Molecular Hubs in Synthetic Signaling Networks. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2216-2225. [PMID: 30125482 PMCID: PMC6154215 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Protease signaling and scaffold-induced control of protein-protein interactions represent two important mechanisms for intracellular signaling. Here we report a generic and modular approach to control the activity of scaffolding proteins by protease activity, creating versatile molecular platforms to construct synthetic signaling networks. Using 14-3-3 proteins as a structurally well-characterized and important class of scaffold proteins, three different architectures were explored to achieve optimal protease-mediated control of scaffold activity, fusing either one or two monovalent inhibitory ExoS peptides or a single bivalent ExoS peptide to T14-3-3 using protease-cleavable linkers. Analysis of scaffolding activity before and after protease-induced cleavage revealed optimal control of 14-3-3 activity for the system that contained monovalent ExoS peptides fused to both the N-and C-terminus, each blocking a single T14-3-3 binding site. The protease-activatable 14-3-3 scaffolds were successfully applied to construct a three-step signaling cascade in which dimerization and activation of FGG-caspase-9 on an orthogonal supramolecular platform resulted in activation of a 14-3-3 scaffold, which in turn allowed 14-3-3-templated complementation of a split-luciferase. In addition, by combining 14-3-3-templated activation of caspase-9 with a caspase-9-activatable 14-3-3 scaffold, the first example of a synthetic self-activating protease signaling network was created. Protease-activatable 14-3-3 proteins thus represent a modular platform whose properties can be rationally engineered to fit different applications, both to create artificial in vitro synthetic molecular networks and as a novel signaling hub to re-engineer intracellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn J. A. Aper
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anniek den Hamer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Simone F. A. Wouters
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lenne J. M. Lemmens
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Ottmann
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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737
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Conformational signatures in β-arrestin2 reveal natural biased agonism at a G-protein-coupled receptor. Commun Biol 2018; 1:128. [PMID: 30272007 PMCID: PMC6123711 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery of biased ligands and receptor mutants allows characterization of G-protein- and β-arrestin-mediated signaling mechanisms of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, the structural mechanisms underlying biased agonism remain unclear for many GPCRs. We show that while Galanin induces the activation of the galanin receptor 2 (Galr2) that leads to a robust stimulation toward Gαq-protein and β-arrestin1/2, an alternative ligand Spexin and its analog have biased agonism toward G-protein signaling relative to Galanin. We used intramolecular fluorescein arsenical hairpin bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensors of β-arrestin2 combined with NanoBit technology to measure β-arrestin2–Galr2 interactions in real-time living systems. We found that Spexin and Galanin induce specific active conformations of Galr2, which may lead to different internalization rates of the receptor as well as different signaling outputs. This work represents an additional pharmacological evidence of endogenous G-protein-biased agonism at a GPCR. Arfaxad Reyes-Alcaraz et al. report that galanin induces robust signaling mediated by β-arrestin1/2 and Gαq, whereas an alternative ligand spexin prefers the Gαq-protein signaling pathway. This study provides mechanistic insights into how endogenous ligands can generate biased signaling outputs.
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738
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Nakanishi Y, Tan M, Ichiki T, Inoue A, Yoshihara JI, Maekawa N, Takenoshita I, Yanagida K, Yamahira S, Yamaguchi S, Aoki J, Nagamune T, Yokomizo T, Shimizu T, Nakamura M. Stepwise phosphorylation of leukotriene B 4 receptor 1 defines cellular responses to leukotriene B 4. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/544/eaao5390. [PMID: 30131369 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao5390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor type 1 (BLT1) is abundant in phagocytic and immune cells and plays crucial roles in various inflammatory diseases. BLT1 is phosphorylated at several serine and threonine residues upon stimulation with the inflammatory lipid LTB4 Using Phos-tag gel electrophoresis to separate differentially phosphorylated forms of BLT1, we identified two distinct types of phosphorylation, basal and ligand-induced, in the carboxyl terminus of human BLT1. In the absence of LTB4, the basal phosphorylation sites were modified to various degrees, giving rise to many different phosphorylated forms of BLT1. Different concentrations of LTB4 induced distinct phosphorylation events, and these ligand-induced modifications facilitated additional phosphorylation events at the basal phosphorylation sites. Because neutrophils migrate toward inflammatory sites along a gradient of LTB4, the degree of BLT1 phosphorylation likely increases in parallel with the increase in LTB4 concentration as the cells migrate. At high concentrations of LTB4, deficiencies in these two types of phosphorylation events impaired chemotaxis and β-hexosaminidase release, a proxy for degranulation, in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) and rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, respectively. These results suggest that an LTB4 gradient around inflammatory sites enhances BLT1 phosphorylation in a stepwise manner to facilitate the precise migration of phagocytic and immune cells and the initiation of local responses, including degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Nakanishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Modong Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takako Ichiki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Yoshihara
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Naoto Maekawa
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Itsuki Takenoshita
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamahira
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Motonao Nakamura
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan.
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739
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Oh-Hashi K, Fujimura K, Norisada J, Hirata Y. Expression analysis and functional characterization of the mouse cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12236. [PMID: 30111858 PMCID: PMC6093884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducible protein, namely, cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2), which is predominantly regulated by ATF6. However, few studies on intrinsic CRELD2 have been published. In the present study, we elucidated the expression of intrinsic CRELD2 in mouse tissues and ER stress- treated Neuro2a cells. Among nine tissues we tested, CRELD2 protein in the heart and skeletal muscles was negligible. CRELD2 expression in Neuro2a cells was induced at the late phase after treatment with tunicamycin (Tm) compared with rapid induction of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gene 153 (GADD153). On the other hand, another ER stress inducer, thapsigargin, increased the intrinsic CRELD2 secretion from Neuro2a cells. We furthermore established CRELD2-deficient Neuro2a cells to evaluate their features. In combination with the NanoLuc complementary reporter system, which was designed to detect protein-protein interaction in living cells, CRELD2 interacted with not only CRELD2 itself but also with ER localizing proteins in Neuro2a cells. Finally, we investigated the responsiveness of CRELD2-deficient cells against Tm-treatment and found that CRELD2 deficiency did not affect the expression of genes triggered by three canonical ER stress sensors but rendered Neuro2a cells vulnerable to Tm-stimulation. Taken together, these findings provide the novel molecular features of CRELD2, and its further characterization would give new insights into understanding the ER homeostasis and ER stress-induced cellular dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Oh-Hashi
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Keito Fujimura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Junpei Norisada
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirata
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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740
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Schwinn MK, Hoang T, Yang X, Zhao X, Ma J, Li P, Wood KV, Mallender WD, Bembenek ME, Yan ZH. Antibody-free detection of cellular neddylation dynamics of Cullin1. Anal Biochem 2018; 555:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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741
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Yao Z, Zhang BS, Prescher JA. Advances in bioluminescence imaging: new probes from old recipes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 45:148-156. [PMID: 29879594 PMCID: PMC6076869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescent probes are powerful tools for visualizing biology in live tissues and whole animals. Recent years have seen a surge in the number of new luciferases, luciferins, and related tools available for bioluminescence imaging. Many were crafted using classic methods of optical probe design and engineering. Here we highlight recent advances in bioluminescent tool discovery and development, along with applications of the probes in cells, tissues, and organisms. Collectively, these tools are improving in vivo imaging capabilities and bolstering new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Brendan S Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jennifer A Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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742
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Szpakowska M, Meyrath M, Reynders N, Counson M, Hanson J, Steyaert J, Chevigné A. Mutational analysis of the extracellular disulphide bridges of the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3/CXCR7 uncovers multiple binding and activation modes for its chemokine and endogenous non-chemokine agonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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743
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A widely-applicable high-throughput cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) using split Nano Luciferase. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9472. [PMID: 29930256 PMCID: PMC6013488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27834-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the interactions between a drug and its protein target in a physiologically relevant cellular environment constitutes a major challenge in the pre-clinical drug discovery space. The Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) enables such an assessment by quantifying the changes in the thermal stability of proteins upon ligand binding in intact cells. Here, we present the development and validation of a homogeneous, standardized, target-independent, and high-throughput (384- and 1536-well formats) CETSA platform that uses a split Nano Luciferase approach (SplitLuc CETSA). The broad applicability of the assay was demonstrated for diverse targets, and its performance was compared with independent biochemical and cell-based readouts using a set of well-characterized inhibitors. Moreover, we investigated the utility of the platform as a primary assay for high-throughput screening. The SplitLuc CETSA presented here enables target engagement studies for medium and high-throughput applications. Additionally, it provides a rapid assay development and screening platform for targets where phenotypic or other cell-based assays are not readily available.
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744
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He SQ, Xu Q, Tiwari V, Yang F, Anderson M, Chen Z, Grenald SA, Raja SN, Dong X, Guan Y. Oligomerization of MrgC11 and μ-opioid receptors in sensory neurons enhances morphine analgesia. Sci Signal 2018; 11:eaao3134. [PMID: 29921657 PMCID: PMC6328051 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist morphine is commonly used for pain management, but it has severe adverse effects and produces analgesic tolerance. Thus, alternative ways of stimulating MOR activity are needed. We found that MrgC11, a sensory neuron-specific G protein-coupled receptor, may form heteromeric complexes with MOR. Peptide-mediated activation of MrgC11 enhanced MOR recycling by inducing coendocytosis and sorting of MOR for membrane reinsertion. MrgC11 activation also inhibited the coupling of MOR to β-arrestin-2 and enhanced the morphine-dependent inhibition of cAMP production. Intrathecal coadministration of a low dose of an MrgC agonist potentiated acute morphine analgesia and reduced chronic morphine tolerance in wild-type mice but not in Mrg-cluster knockout (Mrg KO) mice. BAM22, a bivalent agonist of MrgC and opioid receptors, enhanced the interaction between MrgC11 and MOR and produced stronger analgesia than did the individual monovalent agonists. Morphine-induced neuronal and pain inhibition was reduced in Mrg KO mice compared to that in wild-type mice. Our results uncover MrgC11-MOR interactions that lead to positive functional modulation of MOR. MrgC shares genetic homogeneity and functional similarity with human MrgX1. Thus, harnessing this positive modulation of MOR function by Mrg signaling may enhance morphine analgesia in a sensory neuron-specific fashion to limit central side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qiu He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qian Xu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael Anderson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaness A Grenald
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Srinivasa N Raja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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745
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ABC transporter content diversity in Streptococcus pneumoniae impacts competence regulation and bacteriocin production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5776-E5785. [PMID: 29866828 PMCID: PMC6016807 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804668115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) participates in horizontal gene transfer through genetic competence and produces antimicrobial peptides called “bacteriocins.” Here, we show that the competence and bacteriocin-related ABC transporters ComAB and BlpAB share the same substrate pool, resulting in bidirectional crosstalk between competence and bacteriocin regulation. We also clarify the role of each transporter in bacteriocin secretion and show that, based on their transporter content, pneumococcal strains can be separated into a majority opportunist group that uses bacteriocins only to support competence and a minority aggressor group that uses bacteriocins in broader contexts. Our findings will impact how bacteriocin regulation and production is modeled in the many other bacterial species that use ComAB/BlpAB-type transporters. The opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) uses natural genetic competence to increase its adaptability through horizontal gene transfer. One method of acquiring DNA is through predation of neighboring strains with antimicrobial peptides called “bacteriocins.” Competence and production of the major family of pneumococcal bacteriocins, pneumocins, are regulated by the quorum-sensing systems com and blp, respectively. In the classical paradigm, the ABC transporters ComAB and BlpAB each secretes its own system’s signaling pheromone and in the case of BlpAB also secretes the pneumocins. While ComAB is found in all pneumococci, only 25% of strains encode an intact version of BlpAB [BlpAB(+)] while the rest do not [BlpAB(−)]. Contrary to the classical paradigm, it was previously shown that BlpAB(−) strains can activate blp through ComAB-mediated secretion of the blp pheromone during brief periods of competence. To better understand the full extent of com-blp crosstalk, we examined the contribution of each transporter to competence development and pneumocin secretion. We found that BlpAB(+) strains have a greater capacity for competence activation through BlpAB-mediated secretion of the com pheromone. Similarly, we show that ComAB and BlpAB are promiscuous and both can secrete pneumocins. Consequently, differences in pneumocin secretion between BlpAB(+) and BlpAB(−) strains derive from the regulation and kinetics of transporter expression rather than substrate specificity. We speculate that BlpAB(−) strains (opportunists) use pneumocins mainly in a narrowly tailored role for DNA acquisition and defense during competence while BlpAB(+) strains (aggressors) expand their use for the general inhibition of rival strains.
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746
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Sigmund F, Massner C, Erdmann P, Stelzl A, Rolbieski H, Desai M, Bricault S, Wörner TP, Snijder J, Geerlof A, Fuchs H, Hrabĕ de Angelis M, Heck AJR, Jasanoff A, Ntziachristos V, Plitzko J, Westmeyer GG. Bacterial encapsulins as orthogonal compartments for mammalian cell engineering. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1990. [PMID: 29777103 PMCID: PMC5959871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We genetically controlled compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells by heterologous expression of bacterial encapsulin shell and cargo proteins to engineer enclosed enzymatic reactions and size-constrained metal biomineralization. The shell protein (EncA) from Myxococcus xanthus auto-assembles into nanocompartments inside mammalian cells to which sets of native (EncB,C,D) and engineered cargo proteins self-target enabling localized bimolecular fluorescence and enzyme complementation. Encapsulation of the enzyme tyrosinase leads to the confinement of toxic melanin production for robust detection via multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). Co-expression of ferritin-like native cargo (EncB,C) results in efficient iron sequestration producing substantial contrast by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and allowing for magnetic cell sorting. The monodisperse, spherical, and iron-loading nanoshells are also excellent genetically encoded reporters for electron microscopy (EM). In general, eukaryotically expressed encapsulins enable cellular engineering of spatially confined multicomponent processes with versatile applications in multiscale molecular imaging, as well as intriguing implications for metabolic engineering and cellular therapy. Artificial compartments have been expressed in prokaryotes and yeast, but similar capabilities have been missing for mammalian cell engineering. Here the authors use bacterial encapsulins to engineer genetically controlled multifunctional orthogonal compartments in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sigmund
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Christoph Massner
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Philipp Erdmann
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Anja Stelzl
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Hannes Rolbieski
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Mitul Desai
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Bricault
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobias P Wörner
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Snijder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.,Snijder Bioscience, Spijkerstraat 114-4, Arnhem, 6828 DN, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Chair for Biological Imaging, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Jürgen Plitzko
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Gil G Westmeyer
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany. .,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, 81675, Germany.
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747
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Hu MJ, Shao XX, Li HZ, Nie WH, Wang JH, Liu YL, Xu ZG, Guo ZY. Development of a novel ligand binding assay for relaxin family peptide receptor 3 and 4 using NanoLuc complementation. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1111-1119. [PMID: 29770870 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Relaxin family peptides perform a variety of biological functions by binding and activating relaxin family peptide receptor 1-4 (RXFP1-4), four A-class G protein-coupled receptors. In the present work, we developed a novel ligand binding assay for RXFP3 and RXFP4 based on NanoLuc complementation technology (NanoBiT). A synthetic ligation version of the low-affinity small complementation tag (SmBiT) was efficiently ligated to the A-chain N terminus of recombinant chimeric agonist R3/I5 using recombinant circular sortase A. After the ligation product R3/I5-SmBiT was mixed with human RXFP3 or RXFP4 genetically fused with a secretory large NanoLuc fragment (sLgBiT) at the N terminus, NanoLuc complementation was induced by high-affinity ligand-receptor binding. Binding kinetics and affinities of R3/I5-SmBiT with sLgBiT-fused RXFP3 and RXFP4 were conveniently measured according to the complementation-induced bioluminescence. Using R3/I5-SmBiT and the sLgBiT-fused receptor as a complementation pair, binding potencies of various ligands with RXFP3 and RXFP4 were quantitatively measured without the cumbersome washing step. The novel NanoBiT-based ligand binding assay is convenient for use and suitable for automation, thus will facilitate interaction studies of RXFP3 and RXFP4 with ligands in future. This assay can also be applied to some other plasma membrane receptors for pharmacological characterization of ligands in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jun Hu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Shao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Zheng Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Han Nie
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Li Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng-Guang Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan-Yun Guo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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748
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Habara M, Mori N, Okada Y, Kawasumi K, Nakao N, Tanaka Y, Arai T, Yamamoto I. Molecular characterization of feline melanocortin 4 receptor and melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein 2. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 261:31-39. [PMID: 29360464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, mediates regulation of energy homeostasis upon the binding of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in the central nervous system (CNS). Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) modulates the function of MC4R. We performed cDNA cloning of cat MC4R and MRAP2 and characterized their amino acid sequences, mRNA expression patterns in cat tissues, protein-protein interactions, and functions. We found high sequence homology (>88%) with other mammalian MC4R and MRAP2 encoding 332 and 206 amino acid residues, respectively. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that cat MC4R and MRAP2 mRNA were expressed highly in the CNS. In CHO-K1 cells transfected with cat MC4R, stimulation with α-MSH increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the presence of MRAP2 enhanced the cat MC4R-mediated cAMP production. These results suggested that cat MC4R acts as a neuronal mediator in the CNS and that its function is modulated by MRAP2. In addition, our NanoBiT study showed the dynamics of their interactions in living cells; stimulation with α-MSH slightly affected the interaction between MC4R and MRAP2, and did not affect MC4R homodimerization, suggesting that they interact in the basal state and that structural change of MC4R by activation may affect the interaction between MC4R and MRAP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Habara
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mori
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Yuki Okada
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Koh Kawasumi
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakao
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Toshiro Arai
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 1808602, Japan.
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749
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Wiens MD, Campbell RE. Surveying the landscape of optogenetic methods for detection of protein-protein interactions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 10:e1415. [PMID: 29334187 PMCID: PMC5902417 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mapping the protein-protein interaction (PPi) landscape is of critical importance to furthering our understanding how cells and organisms function. Optogenetic methods, that is, approaches that utilize genetically encoded fluorophores or fluorogenic enzyme reactions, uniquely enable the visualization of biochemical phenomena in live cells with high spatial and temporal accuracy. Applying optogenetic methods to the detection of PPis requires the engineering of protein-based systems in which an optical signal undergoes a substantial change when the two proteins of interest interact. In recent years, researchers have developed a number of creative and effective optogenetic methods that achieve this goal, and used them to further elaborate our map of the PPi landscape. In this review, we provide an introduction to the general principles of optogenetic PPi detection, and then provide a number of representative examples of how these principles have been applied. We have organized this review by categorizing methods based on whether the signal generated is reversible or irreversible in nature, and whether the signal is localized or nonlocalized at the subcellular site of the PPi. We discuss these techniques giving both their benefits and drawbacks to enable rational choices about their potential use. This article is categorized under: Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Macromolecular Interactions, Methods Analytical and Computational Methods > Analytical Methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Wiens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
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750
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Kwon NH, Lee JY, Ryu YL, Kim C, Kong J, Oh S, Kang BS, Ahn HW, Ahn SG, Jeong J, Kim HK, Kim JH, Han DY, Park MC, Kim D, Takase R, Masuda I, Hou YM, Jang SI, Chang YS, Lee DK, Kim Y, Wang MW, Basappa, Kim S. Stabilization of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 by Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase in p16 INK4a-Negative Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2018; 1:21-31. [PMID: 32219202 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.8b00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although abnormal increases in the level or activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) occur frequently in cancer, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we show that methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MRS) specifically stabilizes CDK4 by enhancing the formation of the complex between CDK4 and a chaperone protein. Knockdown of MRS reduced the CDK4 level, resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. The effects of MRS on CDK4 stability were more prominent in the tumor suppressor p16INK4a-negative cancer cells because of the competitive relationship of the two proteins for binding to CDK4. Suppression of MRS reduced cell transformation and the tumorigenic ability of a p16INK4a-negative breast cancer cell line in vivo. Further, the MRS levels showed a positive correlation with those of CDK4 and the downstream signals at high frequency in p16INK4a-negative human breast cancer tissues. This work revealed an unexpected functional connection between the two enzymes involving protein synthesis and the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hoon Kwon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Ye-Lim Ryu
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Chanhee Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Jiwon Kong
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Seongeun Oh
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Beom Sik Kang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Hye Won Ahn
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Sung Gwe Ahn
- Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hoi Kyoung Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Dae Young Han
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Min Chul Park
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Doyeun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Ryuichi Takase
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Isao Masuda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Ya-Ming Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Sung Ill Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Youngeun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Palace Road, Bangalore, 560 001, India
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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