851
|
Perry LA, Coronell O. Reliable, bench-top measurements of charge density in the active layers of thin-film composite and nanocomposite membranes using quartz crystal microbalance technology. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
852
|
Matthews TD, Yan H, Cahill DG, Coronell O, Mariñas BJ. Growth dynamics of interfacially polymerized polyamide layers by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
853
|
Kim YD, Thu K, Ghaffour N, Choon Ng K. Performance investigation of a solar-assisted direct contact membrane distillation system. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
854
|
|
855
|
Ge Q, Chung TS. Hydroacid complexes: a new class of draw solutes to promote forward osmosis (FO) processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:8471-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43951h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
856
|
Liu Y, Chen X. High permeability and salt rejection reverse osmosis by a zeolite nano-membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6817-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp43854f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
857
|
Fabrication of thin film composite poly(amide)-carbon-nanotube supported membranes for enhanced performance in osmotically driven desalination systems. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
858
|
Zhao L, Chang PCY, Yen C, Ho W. High-flux and fouling-resistant membranes for brackish water desalination. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
859
|
Geise GM, Freeman BD, Paul DR. Sodium chloride diffusion in sulfonated polymers for membrane applications. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
860
|
Abstract
The present paper on the supported liquid membrane (SLM) deals with the general principles and applications, followed by the uphill transportation characteristic of SLM. The liquid-liquid extraction with supported liquid membrane is one of the best alternate and promising technologies for the extraction of metal ions from solutions over other hydrometallurgical separation processes. The salient features of the supported liquid membrane (SLM) technique such as simultaneous extraction and stripping, low solvent inventory, process economy, high efficiency, less extractant consumption, and operating costs are discussed in detail. The supported liquid membrane of hollow fiber type provides high interfacial surface area for achieving maximum metal flux. Also the use of different organic extractants for SLM has been discussed.
Collapse
|
861
|
Klaysom C, Cath TY, Depuydt T, Vankelecom IFJ. Forward and pressure retarded osmosis: potential solutions for global challenges in energy and water supply. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6959-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60051c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
862
|
|
863
|
Synchrotron SAXS to probe cross-linked network of polyamide ‘reverse osmosis’ and ‘nanofiltration’ membranes. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
864
|
Park S, Zhong M, Lee T, Paik HJ, Matyjaszewski K. Modification of the surfaces of silicon wafers with temperature-responsive cross-linkable poly[oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate]-based star polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:5949-5955. [PMID: 23067139 DOI: 10.1021/am301597b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Temperature-responsive photo-cross-linkable poly[oligo(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether methacrylate] (POEOMA)-based star polymers were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), for the modification of silicon (Si) wafer surfaces. The polymers showed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior in aqueous media. The polymers were modified with benzophenone (Bzp) functional groups that were utilized in UV-triggered (λ = 365 nm) cross-linking reactions for the preparation of polymer networks. The star polymers were deposited onto the surfaces of Si wafers by spin coating, and stable polymer films were formed by simple UV irradiation. The stability of thermoresponsive cross-linked polymer films deposited on the Si wafer was confirmed by changing their hydrophilicity by changing the temperature of the environment. In addition, the POEOMA-based star polymers could be utilized for the preparation of photolithography-patterned surfaces. The successful formation of uniform stable polymeric films indicates that Bzp-functionalized POEOMA star polymers can be used for a simple Si surface modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
865
|
Ishigami T, Amano K, Fujii A, Ohmukai Y, Kamio E, Maruyama T, Matsuyama H. Fouling reduction of reverse osmosis membrane by surface modification via layer-by-layer assembly. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
866
|
|
867
|
Xu R, Wang J, Kanezashi M, Yoshioka T, Tsuru T. Reverse osmosis performance of organosilica membranes and comparison with the pervaporation and gas permeation properties. AIChE J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima; 739-8527; Japan
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima; 739-8527; Japan
| | - Masakoto Kanezashi
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima; 739-8527; Japan
| | - Tomohisa Yoshioka
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima; 739-8527; Japan
| | - Toshinori Tsuru
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Hiroshima University; Higashi-Hiroshima; 739-8527; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
868
|
Koo JS, Kwak NS, Hwang TS. Synthesis and Properties of Nonfluoro Aminated Poly(vinylbenzyl chloride-co-ethyl methacrylate-co-styrene) Anion Exchange Membranes for MCDI Process. POLYMER KOREA 2012. [DOI: 10.7317/pk.2012.36.5.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
869
|
|
870
|
|
871
|
Du Y, Xie L, Wang Y, Xu Y, Wang S. Optimization of Reverse Osmosis Networks with Spiral-Wound Modules. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie300650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yingjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface
Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
872
|
|
873
|
Planar biomimetic aquaporin-incorporated triblock copolymer membranes on porous alumina supports for nanofiltration. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
874
|
Richards LA, Schäfer AI, Richards BS, Corry B. Quantifying barriers to monovalent anion transport in narrow non-polar pores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:11633-8. [PMID: 22821005 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41641g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transport of anionic drinking water contaminants (fluoride, chloride, nitrate and nitrite) through narrow pores ranging in effective radius from 2.5 to 6.5 Å was systematically evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the magnitude and origin of energetic barriers encountered in nanofiltration. Free energy profiles for ion transport through the pores show that energy barriers depend on pore size and ion properties and that there are three key regimes that affect transport. The first is where the ion can fit in the pore with its full inner hydration shell, the second is where the pore size is between the bare ion and hydrated radius, and the third is where the ion size approaches that of the pore. Energy barriers in the first regime are relatively small and due to rearrangement of the inner hydration shell and/or displacement of further hydration shells. Energy barriers in the second regime are due to partial dehydration and are larger than barriers seen in the first regime. In the third regime, the pore becomes too small for bare ions to fit regardless of hydration and thus energy barriers are very high. In the second regime where partial dehydration controls transport, the trend in the slopes of the change in energy barrier with pore size corresponds to the hydration strength of the anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Richards
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
875
|
Liaw DJ, Wang KL, Huang YC, Lee KR, Lai JY, Ha CS. Advanced polyimide materials: Syntheses, physical properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1048] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
876
|
Nieto DR, Santese F, Toth R, Posocco P, Pricl S, Fermeglia M. Simple, fast, and accurate in silico estimations of contact angle, surface tension, and work of adhesion of water and oil nanodroplets on amorphous polypropylene surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2855-2859. [PMID: 22574851 DOI: 10.1021/am3004818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two computational recipes based on atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are developed and compared to quickly and accurately quantify the interactions of amorphous polypropylene surface with water and oil. Fundamental quantities such as contact angle and surface tension are estimated in excellent agreement with the corresponding experimental values, wheras the comparable values of the work of adhesion obtained using both computational recipes confirm the internal consistency in the presented methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romero Nieto
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Information Technology (DI3), and §INSTM, Trieste Unit, University of Trieste , Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
877
|
Richards LA, Schäfer AI, Richards BS, Corry B. The importance of dehydration in determining ion transport in narrow pores. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:1701-1709. [PMID: 22434668 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The transport of hydrated ions through narrow pores is important for a number of processes such as the desalination and filtration of water and the conductance of ions through biological channels. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are used to systematically examine the transport of anionic drinking water contaminants (fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and nitrite) through pores ranging in effective radius from 2.8 to 6.5 Å to elucidate the role of hydration in excluding these species during nanofiltration. Bulk hydration properties (hydrated size and coordination number) are determined for comparison with the situations inside the pores. Free energy profiles for ion transport through the pores show energy barriers depend on pore size, ion type, and membrane surface charge and that the selectivity sequence can change depending on the pore size. Ion coordination numbers along the trajectory showed that partial dehydration of the transported ion is the main contribution to the energy barriers. Ion transport is greatly hindered when the effective pore radius is smaller than the hydrated radius, as the ion has to lose some associated water molecules to enter the pore. Small energy barriers are still observed when pore sizes are larger than the hydrated radius due to re-orientation of the hydration shell or the loss of more distant water. These results demonstrate the importance of ion dehydration in transport through narrow pores, which increases the current level of mechanistic understanding of membrane-based desalination and transport in biological channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Richards
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
878
|
Abstract
Research on mixed matrix membranes in which nanoparticles are used to enhance the membrane's performance in terms of flux, separation, and fouling resistance has boomed in the last years. This review probes on the specific features and benefits of one specific type of nanoparticles with a well-defined cylindrical structure, known as nanotubes. Nanotube structures for potential use in membranes are reviewed. These comprise mainly single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), but also other structures and materials, which are less studied for membrane applications, can be used. Important issues related to polymer-nanotube interactions such as dispersion and alignment are outlined, and a categorization is made of the resultant membranes. Applications are reviewed in four different areas, that is, gas separation, water filtration, drug delivery, and fuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Van der Bruggen
- Laboratory for Applied Physical Chemistry and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 46, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
879
|
Akin O, Temelli F. Performance characterization of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes upon supercritical CO2 processing. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
880
|
Xie W, Geise GM, Freeman BD, Lee HS, Byun G, McGrath JE. Polyamide interfacial composite membranes prepared from m-phenylene diamine, trimesoyl chloride and a new disulfonated diamine. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
881
|
Henmi M, Nakatsuji K, Ichikawa T, Tomioka H, Sakamoto T, Yoshio M, Kato T. Self-organized liquid-crystalline nanostructured membranes for water treatment: selective permeation of ions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:2238-2241. [PMID: 22508545 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A membrane with ordered 3D ionic nanochannels constructed by in situ photopolymerization of a thermotropic liquid-crystalline monomer shows high filtration performance and ion selectivity. The nanostructured membrane exhibits water-treatment performance superior to that of an amorphous membrane prepared from the isotropic melt of the monomer. Self-organized nanostructured membranes have great potential for supplying high-quality water.
Collapse
|
882
|
Geise GM, Willis CL, Doherty CM, Hill AJ, Bastow TJ, Ford J, Winey KI, Freeman BD, Paul DR. Characterization of Aluminum-Neutralized Sulfonated Styrenic Pentablock Copolymer Films. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202546z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M. Geise
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin,
Texas 78712, United States
| | - Carl L. Willis
- Kraton Performance Polymers, Inc., 16400 Park Row, Houston, Texas 77084,
United States
| | - Cara M. Doherty
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering & CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Private Bag 33, South Clayton MDC, Clayton, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Anita J. Hill
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering & CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Private Bag 33, South Clayton MDC, Clayton, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Timothy J. Bastow
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering & CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Private Bag 33, South Clayton MDC, Clayton, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Jamie Ford
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104, United States
| | - Karen I. Winey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104, United States
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin,
Texas 78712, United States
| | - Donald R. Paul
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin,
Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
883
|
Drioli E, Fontananova E. Membrane materials for addressing energy and environmental challenges. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2012; 3:395-420. [PMID: 22483262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-062011-081027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Our modern society must solve various severe problems to maintain and increase our quality of life: from water stress to global warming, to fossil fuel depletion, to environmental pollution. The process intensification (PI) strategy is expected to contribute to overcoming many of these issues by facilitating the transition from a resource-intensive to a knowledge-intensive industrial system that will guarantee sustainable growth. Membrane operations, which respond efficiently to the requirements of the PI strategy, have the potential to replace conventional energy-intensive separation techniques, which will boost the efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of separations as well as conversion processes. This work critically reviews the current status and emerging applications of (integrated) membrane operations with a special focus on energy and environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, University of Calabria, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
884
|
Widjaya A, Hoang T, Stevens GW, Kentish SE. A comparison of commercial reverse osmosis membrane characteristics and performance under alginate fouling conditions. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
885
|
Han J, Qiu W, Hu J, Gao W. Chemisorption of estrone in nylon microfiltration membranes: Adsorption mechanism and potential use for estrone removal from water. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:873-81. [PMID: 22189293 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Estrone is a representative steroid estrogen contaminant that has been detected in effluents from sewage treatment facilities, as well as in surface and ground waters. Our study shows that estrone can be readily removed from water via a unique chemisorption mechanism using nylon microfiltration membranes. Experiments on a laboratory in-line filtration system showed instant removal of estrone from 200 μg/l aqueous solutions by 0.45-μm nylon membranes (ca. 35 L per m(2) membrane). Comparisons with 0.45-μm PVDF, PTFE and glass microfiber membranes suggested that the significant estrone adsorption in nylon membrane should be predominately driven by a different mechanism rather than common physical adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study on nylon membranes and a model compound, N-methylacetamide, showed that the significant adsorption originated from the hydrogen bonding between terminal -OH groups on estrone molecules and nucleophile -C=O groups in amide groups of nylon 6,6. The saturated nylon membrane showed very low leachability in ambient water, while it could be effectively regenerated in alkaline or ethanol solutions. Preliminary reusability study showed that the membrane maintained a consistent adsorption capacity for estrone during ten cycles of reuse. The chemisorption-based polymeric adsorption may provide a new alternative approach for removing estrone and potentially other trace organic contaminants from water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Han
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, 20 Symonds Street, Auckland 1042, New Zealand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
886
|
Kang GD, Cao YM. Development of antifouling reverse osmosis membranes for water treatment: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:584-600. [PMID: 22154112 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
With the rapidly increasing demands on water resources, fresh water shortage has become an important issue affecting the economic and social development in many countries. As one of the main technologies for producing fresh water from saline water and other wastewater sources, reverse osmosis (RO) has been widely used so far. However, a major challenge facing widespread application of RO technology is membrane fouling, which results in reduced production capacity and increased operation costs. Therefore, many researches have been focused on enhancing the RO membrane resistance to fouling. This paper presents a review of developing antifouling RO membranes in recent years, including the selection of new starting monomers, improvement of interfacial polymerization process, surface modification of conventional RO membrane by physical and chemical methods as well as the hybrid organic/inorganic RO membrane. The review of research progress in this article may provide an insight for the development of antifouling RO membranes and extend the applications of RO technology in water treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-dong Kang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
887
|
Saleh TA, Gupta VK. Synthesis and characterization of alumina nano-particles polyamide membrane with enhanced flux rejection performance. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
888
|
Outstanding Molecular Size Recognition and Regulation of Water Permeability on K-Carrageenan-Pullulan Membrane Involved in Synergistic Design of Composite Polysaccharides–Structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
889
|
Haria NR, Lorenz CD. Ion exclusion and electrokinetic effects resulting from electro-osmotic flow of salt solutions in charged silica nanopores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:5935-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp00013j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
890
|
Yip NY, Elimelech M. Performance limiting effects in power generation from salinity gradients by pressure retarded osmosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:10273-10282. [PMID: 22022858 DOI: 10.1021/es203197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pressure retarded osmosis has the potential to utilize the free energy of mixing when fresh river water flows into the sea for clean and renewable power generation. Here, we present a systematic investigation of the performance limiting phenomena in pressure retarded osmosis--external concentration polarization, internal concentration polarization, and reverse draw salt flux--and offer insights on the design criteria of a high performance pressure retarded osmosis power generation system. Thin-film composite polyamide membranes were chemically modified to produce a range of membrane transport properties, and the water and salt permeabilities were characterized to determine the underlying permeability-selectivity trade-off relationship. We show that power density is constrained by the trade-off between permeability and selectivity of the membrane active layer. This behavior is attributed to the opposing influence of the beneficial effect of membrane water permeability and the detrimental impact of reverse salt flux coupled with internal concentration polarization. Our analysis reveals the intricate influence of active and support layer properties on power density and demonstrates that membrane performance is maximized by tailoring the water and salt permeabilities to the structural parameters. An analytical parameter that quantifies the relative influence of each performance limiting phenomena is employed to identify the dominant effect restricting productivity. External concentration polarization is shown to be the main factor limiting performance at high power densities. Enhancement of the hydrodynamic flow conditions in the membrane feed channel reduces external concentration polarization and thus, yields improved power density. However, doing so will also incur additional operating costs due to the accompanying hydraulic pressure loss. This study demonstrates that by thoughtful selection of the membrane properties and hydrodynamic conditions, the detrimental effects that limit productivity in a pressure retarded osmosis power generation process can be methodically minimized to achieve high performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngai Yin Yip
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
891
|
Perez-Moreno V, Bonilla-Suarez CB, Fortanell-Trejo M, Pedraza-Aboytes G. Seawater Desalination Using Modified Ceramic Membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2009313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Perez-Moreno
- Centro de Estudios Académicos sobre Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, C. P. 76010, México
| | - C. B. Bonilla-Suarez
- Centro de Estudios Académicos sobre Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, C. P. 76010, México
| | - M. Fortanell-Trejo
- Centro de Estudios Académicos sobre Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, C. P. 76010, México
| | - G. Pedraza-Aboytes
- Centro de Estudios Académicos sobre Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, C. P. 76010, México
| |
Collapse
|
892
|
Elimelech M, Phillip WA. The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment. Science 2011; 333:712-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1200488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3939] [Impact Index Per Article: 303.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
893
|
Humplik T, Lee J, O'Hern SC, Fellman BA, Baig MA, Hassan SF, Atieh MA, Rahman F, Laoui T, Karnik R, Wang EN. Nanostructured materials for water desalination. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:292001. [PMID: 21680966 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/29/292001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Desalination of seawater and brackish water is becoming an increasingly important means to address the scarcity of fresh water resources in the world. Decreasing the energy requirements and infrastructure costs of existing desalination technologies remains a challenge. By enabling the manipulation of matter and control of transport at nanometer length scales, the emergence of nanotechnology offers new opportunities to advance water desalination technologies. This review focuses on nanostructured materials that are directly involved in the separation of water from salt as opposed to mitigating issues such as fouling. We discuss separation mechanisms and novel transport phenomena in materials including zeolites, carbon nanotubes, and graphene with potential applications to reverse osmosis, capacitive deionization, and multi-stage flash, among others. Such nanostructured materials can potentially enable the development of next-generation desalination systems with increased efficiency and capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Humplik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
894
|
Ladewig BP, Tan YH, Lin CXC, Ladewig K, Diniz da Costa JC, Smart S. Preparation, Characterization and Performance of Templated Silica Membranes in Non-Osmotic Desalination. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2011; 4:845-856. [PMID: 28879954 PMCID: PMC5448586 DOI: 10.3390/ma4040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work we investigate the potential of a polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol, tri-block copolymer as a template for a hybrid carbon/silica membrane for use in the non-osmotic desalination of seawater. Silica samples were loaded with varying amounts of tri-block copolymer and calcined in a vacuum to carbonize the template and trap it within the silica matrix. The resultant xerogels were analyzed with FTIR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and N₂ sorption techniques, wherein it was determined that template loadings of 10 and 20% produced silica networks with enhanced pore volumes and appropriately sized pores for desalination. Membranes were created via two different routes and tested with feed concentrations of 3, 10 and 35 ppk of NaCl at room temperature employing a transmembrane pressure drop of 85% (in most cases >95%) and fluxes higher than 1.6 kg m-2 h-1. Furthermore, the carbonized templated membranes displayed equal or improved performance compared to similarly prepared non-templated silica membranes, with the best results of a flux of 3.7 kg m-2 h-1 with 98.5% salt rejection capacity, exceeding previous literature reports. In addition, the templated silica membranes exhibited superior hydrostability demonstrating their potential for long-term operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley P Ladewig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia.
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Functional Nanomaterials, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- AIBN-Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanomaterials, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Ying Han Tan
- Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Chun Xiang C Lin
- Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Katharina Ladewig
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Functional Nanomaterials, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- AIBN-Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanomaterials, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - João C Diniz da Costa
- Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Simon Smart
- Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
895
|
Cannon AS, Warner JC. The science of green chemistry and its role in chemicals policy and educational reform. New Solut 2011; 21:499-517. [PMID: 22001044 DOI: 10.2190/ns.21.3.m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, the science of green chemistry has continued to evolve and has been adopted in research labs in industry and academia. At the same time, new innovations in chemicals policy have widened opportunities for legislative action to protect human health and the environment. This article addresses the mechanisms by which the science of green chemistry and chemicals policy can work together to help attain a more sustainable future. It also speaks to the pitfalls of inappropriately merging these two, and explores how such a merger could inhibit the creation of sustainable technologies. Green chemistry's role in educational reform is discussed as a means for training students who are prepared to create truly sustainable technologies.
Collapse
|