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Abstract
Combustion is a reactive oxidation process that releases energy bound in chemical compounds used as fuels─energy that is needed for power generation, transportation, heating, and industrial purposes. Because of greenhouse gas and local pollutant emissions associated with fossil fuels, combustion science and applications are challenged to abandon conventional pathways and to adapt toward the demand of future carbon neutrality. For the design of efficient, low-emission processes, understanding the details of the relevant chemical transformations is essential. Comprehensive knowledge gained from decades of fossil-fuel combustion research includes general principles for establishing and validating reaction mechanisms and process models, relying on both theory and experiments with a suite of analytic monitoring and sensing techniques. Such knowledge can be advantageously applied and extended to configure, analyze, and control new systems using different, nonfossil, potentially zero-carbon fuels. Understanding the impact of combustion and its links with chemistry needs some background. The introduction therefore combines information on exemplary cultural and technological achievements using combustion and on nature and effects of combustion emissions. Subsequently, the methodology of combustion chemistry research is described. A major part is devoted to fuels, followed by a discussion of selected combustion applications, illustrating the chemical information needed for the future.
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52
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Silvestrelli PL. Transport properties in liquids from first-principles: The case of liquid water and liquid argon. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:134503. [PMID: 37031126 DOI: 10.1063/5.0144353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear and bulk viscosities of liquid water and argon are evaluated from first-principles in the density functional theory (DFT) framework, by performing molecular dynamics simulations in the NVE ensemble and using the Kubo–Greenwood equilibrium approach. The standard DFT functional is corrected in such a way to allow for a reasonable description of van der Waals effects. For liquid argon, the thermal conductivity has been also calculated. Concerning liquid water, to our knowledge, this is the first estimate of the bulk viscosity and of the shear-viscosity/bulk-viscosity ratio from first-principles. By analyzing our results, we can conclude that our first-principles simulations, performed at a nominal average temperature of 366 to guarantee that the systems are liquid-like, actually describe the basic dynamical properties of liquid water at about 330 K. In comparison with liquid water, the normal, monatomic liquid Ar is characterized by a much smaller bulk-viscosity/shear-viscosity ratio (close to unity) and this feature is well reproduced by our first-principles approach, which predicts a value of the ratio in better agreement with experimental reference data than that obtained using the empirical Lennard-Jones potential. The computed thermal conductivity of liquid argon is also in good agreement with the experimental value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Luigi Silvestrelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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53
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Schaefer D, Kohns M, Hasse H. Molecular modeling and simulation of aqueous solutions of alkali nitrates. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:134508. [PMID: 37031112 DOI: 10.1063/5.0141331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of molecular models for the alkali nitrates (LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, RbNO3, and CsNO3) in aqueous solutions is presented and used for predicting the thermophysical properties of these solutions with molecular dynamics simulations. The set of models is obtained from a combination of a model for the nitrate anion from the literature with a set of models for the alkali cations developed in previous works of our group. The water model is SPC/E and the Lorentz–Berthelot combining rules are used for describing the unlike interactions. This combination is shown to yield fair predictions of thermophysical and structural properties of the studied aqueous solutions, namely the density, the water activity and the mean ionic activity coefficient, the self-diffusion coefficients of the ions, and radial distribution functions, which were studied at 298 K and 1 bar; except for the density of the solutions of all five nitrates and the activity properties of solutions of NaNO3, which were also studied at 333 K. For calculating the water the activity and the mean ionic activity coefficient, the OPAS ( osmotic pressure for the activity of selvents) method was applied. The new models extend an ion model family for the alkali halides developed in previous works of our group in a consistent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schaefer
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kohns
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hans Hasse
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Ho PJ, Ray D, Lehmann CS, Fouda AEA, Dunford RW, Kanter EP, Doumy G, Young L, Walko DA, Zheng X, Cheng L, Southworth SH. X-ray induced electron and ion fragmentation dynamics in IBr. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:134304. [PMID: 37031139 DOI: 10.1063/5.0145215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the inner-shell decay processes in molecules containing heavy elements is key to understanding x-ray damage of molecules and materials and for medical applications with Auger-electron-emitting radionuclides. The 1s hole states of heavy atoms can be produced by absorption of tunable x rays and the resulting vacancy decays characterized by recording emitted photons, electrons, and ions. The 1s hole states in heavy elements have large x-ray fluorescence yields that transfer the hole to intermediate electron shells that then decay by sequential Auger-electron transitions that increase the ion’s charge state until the final state is reached. In molecules, the charge is spread across the atomic sites, resulting in dissociation to energetic atomic ions. We have used x-ray/ion coincidence spectroscopy to measure charge states and energies of I q+ and Br q′+ atomic ions following 1s ionization at the I and Br K-edges of IBr. We present the charge states and kinetic energies of the two correlated fragment ions associated with core-excited states produced during the various steps of the cascades. To understand the dynamics leading to the ion data, we develop a computational model that combines Monte-Carlo/Molecular-Dynamics (MC/MD) simulations with a classical over-the-barrier model to track inner-shell cascades and redistribution of electrons in valence orbitals and nuclear motion of fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phay J. Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Dipanwita Ray
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C. Stefan Lehmann
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Adam E. A. Fouda
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Robert W. Dunford
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Elliot P. Kanter
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Donald A. Walko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Xuechen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Stephen H. Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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55
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Young E, Melaugh G, Allen RJ. Active layer dynamics drives a transition to biofilm fingering. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:17. [PMID: 37024470 PMCID: PMC10079924 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of spatial organisation in biofilm growth is one of the most fundamental topics in biofilm biophysics and microbiology. It has long been known that growing biofilms can adopt smooth or rough interface morphologies, depending on the balance between nutrient supply and microbial growth; this 'fingering' transition has been linked with the average width of the 'active layer' of growing cells at the biofilm interface. Here we use long-time individual-based simulations of growing biofilms to investigate in detail the driving factors behind the biofilm-fingering transition. We show that the transition is associated with dynamical changes in the active layer. Fingering happens when gaps form in the active layer, which can cause local parts of the biofilm interface to pin, or become stationary relative to the moving front. Pinning can be transient or permanent, leading to different biofilm morphologies. By constructing a phase diagram for the transition, we show that the controlling factor is the magnitude of the relative fluctuations in the active layer thickness, rather than the active layer thickness per se. Taken together, our work suggests a central role for active layer dynamics in controlling the pinning of the biofilm interface and hence biofilm morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Young
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Melaugh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind J Allen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom.
- Theoretical Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Buchaer Strasse 6, 07745, Jena, Germany.
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56
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Shimkevich AL. Possible Distortions of Low-Temperature Monitoring of the Water Redox Potential in VVER Primary Loop. ATOM ENERGY+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10512-023-00927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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57
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Mortazavi M, Garg S, Waite TD. Kinetic Modeling-Assisted Optimization of the Peroxone (O 3/H 2O 2) Water Treatment Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Mortazavi
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shikha Garg
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - T. David Waite
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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58
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de Campos BA, da Silva NCB, Moda LS, Vidinha P, Maia-Obi LP. pH-Sensitive Degradable Oxalic Acid Crosslinked Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Hydrogel for Controlled Drug Release. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071795. [PMID: 37050409 PMCID: PMC10099053 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
pH-sensitive degradable hydrogels are smart materials that can cleave covalent bonds upon pH variation, leading to their degradation. Their development led to many applications for drug delivery, where drugs can be released in a pH-dependent manner. Crosslinking hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG), a biocompatible building block bearing high end-group functionality, using oxalic acid (OA), a diacid that can be synthesized from CO2 and form highly activated ester bonds, can generate this type of smart hydrogel. Aiming to understand the process of developing this novel material and its drug release for oral administration, its formation was studied by varying reactant stoichiometry, concentration and cure procedure and temperature; it was characterized regarding gel percent (%gel), swelling degree (%S), FTIR and thermal behavior; impregnated using ibuprofen, as a model drug, and a release study was carried out at pH 2 and 7. Hydrogel formation was evidenced by its insolubility, FTIR spectra and an increase in Td and Tg; a pre-cure step was shown to be crucial for its formation and an increase in the concentration of the reactants led to higher %gel and lower %S. The impregnation resulted in a matrix-encapsulated system; and the ibuprofen release was negligible at pH 2 but completed at pH 7 due to the hydrolysis of the matrix. A pH-sensitive degradable HPG-OA hydrogel was obtained and it can largely be beneficial in controlled drug release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Andrade de Campos
- Center of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Cristina Borges da Silva
- Center of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Szmgel Moda
- Center of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Vidinha
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Lígia Passos Maia-Obi
- Center of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
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59
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Khan AH, Tait K, Derwent RG, Roome S, Bacak A, Bullock S, Lowenberg MH, Shallcross DE. Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data. INT J CHEM KINET 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar H. Khan
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group School of Chemistry Cantock's Close University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Kieran Tait
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Queen's Building University Walk University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | | | - Steve Roome
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Queen's Building University Walk University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Asan Bacak
- Turkish Accelerator & Radiation Laboratory Ankara University Golbasi, Ankara Turkey
| | - Steve Bullock
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Queen's Building University Walk University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Mark H. Lowenberg
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Queen's Building University Walk University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Dudley E. Shallcross
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group School of Chemistry Cantock's Close University of Bristol Bristol UK
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60
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Ramírez CA. Quantitative relationship between interfacial curvature due to a liquid’s surface tension and the binary gas diffusivity estimates obtained in an isothermal Stefan column. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2023.2177540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Ramírez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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61
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Lei B, Wang C, Zhang R, Xue Z, Chen F. One-step removal of hexavalent chromium in wide pH range using thiourea dioxide: the role of reactive species. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10693-10702. [PMID: 37025666 PMCID: PMC10072199 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00520h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One-step removal of hexavalent chromium in a wide pH range is of great significance. In this paper, a single thiourea dioxide (TD) and two-components thiourea dioxide/ethanolamine (MEA) were used as a green reducing agent for the efficient removal of Cr(vi), respectively. The reduction of Cr(vi) and the precipitation of Cr(iii) were carried out simultaneously under this reaction system. The experimental results proved that TD was activated by amine exchange reaction with MEA. In other words, MEA promoted the generation of an active isomeride of TD by changing the equilibrium position of the reversible reaction. After adding MEA, the removal rate of Cr(vi) and total Cr could reach industrial water discharge standards in a wide pH range of 8-12. The change of pH, reduction potential and the decomposition rate of TD were investigated in the reaction processes. Meanwhile, reductive and oxidative reactive species were produced simultaneously during this reaction process. Further, oxidative reactive species (O2˙- and 1O2) were beneficial for the decomplexation of Cr(iii) complexes and the formation of Cr(iii) precipitation. The experimental results also demonstrated that TD/MEA was effective in practical industrial wastewater. Hence this reaction system has a significant industrial application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing and Finishing, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China +86-27-59367336 +86-27-59367336
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing and Finishing, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China +86-27-59367336 +86-27-59367336
| | - Ran Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing and Finishing, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China +86-27-59367336 +86-27-59367336
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Zhiyong Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing and Finishing, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China +86-27-59367336 +86-27-59367336
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing and Finishing, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China +86-27-59367336 +86-27-59367336
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
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62
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Research on condensation characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in Laval nozzle considering working condition of power cycles. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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63
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Rodríguez-Dopico FJ, Carbas R, Borges CS, Tarrío-Saavedra J, da Silva L, García A. Combined effect of seawater and load on methacrylate adhesive. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14751. [PMID: 37035372 PMCID: PMC10073833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the shipbuilding industry is constantly demanding new advanced joining solutions, adhesive technology is not as developed in the marine as compared to other industries. The main reason is the lack of specific knowledge that guarantees the durability of the bonded joints in optimal conditions during the life cycle of a ship. This work simulates in the laboratory a marine-like environment by immersing an adhesive in seawater and subjecting it to constant loading. The objective is to characterize the seawater absorption behavior and its consequences on the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of the adhesive after this aging process. Seawater ingress was determined through gravimetric tests at several load conditions of the tensile strength of the adhesive. Besides, absorption process was studied using Fick's Law, determining the diffusion coefficients. The thermal behavior was monitored with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the chemical degradation was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Also, the mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests. The surface of the adhesive (dried) was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique and the porosity was measured by physisorption with a high-performance adsorption analyzer. A numerical simulation was developed using Darcy's Law combined with continuity equation. The results show that application of loads and immersion in seawater until full saturation of seawater improve the mechanical properties of the adhesive, but it affects negatively to the glass transition temperature. This should be considered when designing adhesive bonding joints on ships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Rodríguez-Dopico
- Universidade da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Grupo de Propiedades Térmicas y Reológicas de Materiales, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - R.J.C. Carbas
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina S.P. Borges
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal
| | - J. Tarrío-Saavedra
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - L.F.M. da Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A.Álvarez García
- Universidade da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Grupo de Propiedades Térmicas y Reológicas de Materiales, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
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64
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Khodadadi-Mousiri A, Yaghoot-Nezhada A, Sadeghi-Yarandi M, Soltanzadeh A. Consequence modeling and root cause analysis (RCA) of the real explosion of a methane pressure vessel in a gas refinery. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14628. [PMID: 37035385 PMCID: PMC10073755 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to consequence modeling and root cause analysis of the real explosion of a methane pressure vessel in separation unit of a gas refinery in Iran. Method ology: This study was performed in a gas refinery in the south of Iran. The studied scenario was the actual scenario that occurred in the studied pressure vessel. Modeling of possible consequences was performed using PHAST 7.2 software. Also, the root causes analysis of the accident was performed using experts' brainstorming. Results At radii of 15 and 45 m, the radiation level reaches 12.5 and 4 kW/m2, respectively. In the late explosion worst-case, the vapor cloud explodes after reaching a distance of 20 m from the pressure vessel. At radii of 20 m, 25 m, and 150 m from the center of the explosion, the pressure reaches 0.2068, 0.1379, and 0.02068 bar, respectively. In the Early Explosion Overpressure, the acceptable pressure is obtained at a distance of 193 m. Moreover, in the Early Explosion Overpressure radiation, at radii of 28 m, 38 m, and 193 m, the pressure reaches 0.2068, 0.1379, and 0.02068 bar, respectively. Conclusion The findings revealed that creating an appropriate risk management algorithm with a focus on consequence modeling can be an effective step towards reducing losses in the process industry. This results can create a novel insight in comparing the two reactive and proactive approaches and also reveal the effectiveness of consequence modeling in reducing the severity of risks.
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Kadhim MM, Mahdi Rheima A, Sabri ZS, Al-Qargholi B, Salam Jaber A, mohamed dashoor Al-Jaafari F, Al-Azzawi W, Hachim SK, Talib Zaidan D, Zedan Taban T. A density functional study on the sensing behavior of copper doped BC3 nanosheet toward COS gas. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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66
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Khrapak S. Bridgman formula for the thermal conductivity of atomic and molecular liquids. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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67
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Biela M, Kleinová A, Uhliar M, Klein E. Investigation of substituent effect on O–C bond dissociation enthalpy of methoxy group in meta- and para-substituted anisoles. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 122:108465. [PMID: 37062128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper is focused on the theoretical investigation of O-C Bond Dissociation Enthalpy (BDE) of methoxy OCH3 group in 15 meta- and 15 para-substituted anisoles in gas phase, non-polar environment, and water. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were carried out using M06-2X functional and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Obtained BDEs were correlated with Brown and Okamoto σp+ and Hammett σm constants representing commonly used descriptors of electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituent effect. Obtained linear dependences allow the prediction of substituent effect on BDE using σp+ and σm constants. Calculated reaction enthalpies were also compared with available experimental and theoretical ab initio G4 values. Found results suggest that employed method may provide reliable thermochemistry data for demethylation of naturally occurring (poly)phenolic compounds, as well. In all studied environments, substituent induced changes in O-C BDE can be considered equal to those observed for the dissociation of phenolic O-H bond of substituted phenols.
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68
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Chraibi M, Fadil M, Farah A, Benkhaira N, Lebrazi S, Fikri-Benbrahim K. Simplex-centroid design as innovative approach in the optimization of antimicrobial effect of Thymus satureioides, Myrtus communis and Artemisia herba alba essential oils against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candidatropicalis. Exp Parasitol 2023; 247:108472. [PMID: 36693583 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Essential Oils (EOs) known since Antiquity, and initially obtained by maceration of aromatic plants, are used as diseases' remedies because they contain valuable therapeutic components. Antimicrobial effect's evaluation of formulations established by an augmented centered mixing plan for three Moroccan medicinal and aromatic plants' essential oils (EOs): Thymus satureioides (T. satureioides), Myrtus communis (M. communis) and Artemisia herba alba (A. herba alba) against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis). The identification of E.Os chemical compounds was made using Gaz chromatography (GC) and Gaz chromatography coupled to Mass spectrometry (GC/MS).Whereas, the optimization of their antimicrobial effect was performed by experimental design methodology (mixture design) coupled to microdilution method based on Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) determination. Results showed that the main components are borneol (34.26%) and α-pinene (31.21%); borneol (27.15%) and 1,8-cineole (21.33%); camphor (14.67%), chrysanthenone (14.10%), and β-thujone (12.60%) for T. satureioides, M. communis and A. herba alba respectively. Optimal mixtures composed of 60% and 40% of T. satureioides and M. communis E.Os; 72% and 28% of T. satureioides and A. Herba alba E.Os; 75% of thyme E.O and 25% of mugwort E.O; predicted the highest antimicrobial effect against E. coli, S. aureus and C. tropicalis, respectively. This study highlights the antimicrobial effect of EOs tertiary mixtures through using mixture design methodology, which may contribute to a successful application in pharmaceutical, food, or cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Chraibi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mouhcine Fadil
- Physico-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organic Materials, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Farah
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Nesrine Benkhaira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sara Lebrazi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
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69
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Valadbeigi Y, Gal JF. Noble gas cations as Lewis acids: Adduct formation with Lewis bases with high ionization energies. Chem Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2023.111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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70
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Pierański MK, Kosiński JG, Szymczak K, Sadowski P, Grinholc M. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation: An Alternative for Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization in a Murine Experimental Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:847. [PMID: 37107222 PMCID: PMC10135335 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus agalactiae, referred to as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a prominent bacterium causing life-threatening neonatal infections. Although antibiotics are efficient against GBS, growing antibiotic resistance forces the search for alternative treatments and/or prevention approaches. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) appears to be a potent alternative non-antibiotic strategy against GBS. METHODS The effect of rose bengal aPDI on various GBS serotypes, Lactobacillus species, human eukaryotic cell lines and microbial vaginal flora composition was evaluated. RESULTS RB-mediated aPDI was evidenced to exert high bactericidal efficacy towards S. agalactiae in vitro (>4 log10 units of viability reduction for planktonic and >2 log10 units for multispecies biofilm culture) and in vivo (ca. 2 log10 units of viability reduction in mice vaginal GBS colonization model) in microbiological and metagenomic analyses. At the same time, RB-mediated aPDI was evidenced to be not mutagenic and safe for human vaginal cells, as well as capable of maintaining the balance and viability of vaginal microbial flora. CONCLUSIONS aPDI can efficiently kill GBS and serve as an alternative approach against GBS vaginal colonization and/or infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał K. Pierański
- Laboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Diagnostics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, 80-307 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan G. Kosiński
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
| | - Klaudia Szymczak
- Laboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Diagnostics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, 80-307 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Sadowski
- Department of Pathomorphology, University Hospital in Kraków, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grinholc
- Laboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Diagnostics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, 80-307 Gdańsk, Poland
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71
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Navarro López E, Jiménez Callejón MJ, Macías Sánchez MD, González Moreno PA, Robles Medina A. Obtaining eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched polar lipids from microalga Nannochloropsis sp. by lipase-catalysed hydrolysis. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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72
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Xiang Y, Dejkoski B, Fulmek P, Schmid U. Surface properties of μm and sub- μm polydimethylsiloxane thin films after oxygen plasma treatment. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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73
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Zhao L, Punetha M, Ma W, Konovalenko A, Bechta S. Simulation of melt spreading over dry substrates with the moving particle Semi-implicit method. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2023.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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74
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Pan Y, Ma W, Niu B, Li X, Xiang S, Xia L. Study on Estimation Method of Enthalpy of Evaporation Based on Elements and Chemical Bonds. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11041064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new Group Contribution Method based on elements and chemical bonds was proposed to predict the enthalpy of evaporation of organic compounds at their normal boiling points. A prediction model was built using 1266 experimental data points, and the accuracy of the model estimations was evaluated using 16 experimental data points. The new method has only 42 groups, a simple way of group splitting, and a wide range of predictions with an average relative error of 5.84%. Furthermore, the inclusion of silicon elements and their chemical bonds in the group library enables the effective prediction of silicon-containing compounds with an average relative error of 2.71%. By analyzing and comparing the other three commonly used methods, it can be concluded that the new method provides accurate and reliable estimation results and has a more comprehensive application range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yule Pan
- Institute of Process System Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wenjiao Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Baowei Niu
- Institute of Process System Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Institute of Process System Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shuguang Xiang
- Institute of Process System Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Li Xia
- Institute of Process System Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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75
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Calderon-Ardila S, Rammal F, Peeters E, Van Waeyenberg J, Péruch O, Morvan D, Bellière-Baca V, Dusselier M, Sels BF. From tetroses to methionine hydroxy analogues through Sn (IV) Lewis acid catalysis using methanethiol as sulphur feedstock. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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76
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Vo H, Saldaña MD. Hydrolysis of pea protein concentrate in subcritical water media with addition of citrus pectin and citric acid. J Supercrit Fluids 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2023.105866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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77
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Margis S, Kyriakou I, Incerti S, Bordage MC, Emfietzoglou D. Sub-keV corrections to binary encounter cross section models for electron ionization of liquid water with application to the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo code. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110693. [PMID: 36731390 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The electron ionization cross section of water is one of the most important input in Monte Carlo studies of cellular radiobiological effects. Analytical cross section models of the binary-encounter type have the potential of reducing simulation time and facilitate application to a variety of biological materials (other than water). The Binary-Encounter-Bethe (BEB) and Binary-Encounter-Dipole (BED) models of NIST are perhaps the most popular of such models giving reliable results for atoms and molecules in the gas-phase over a wide energy range. However, the use of such models to sub-keV electron energies in liquid water raises concerns due to the neglect of condensed phase effects that leads to a significant overestimation when compared to medium-specific dielectric models. PURPOSE To modify the BEB and BED models towards better agreement with the recommended low-energy dielectric model of Geant4-DNA (Option 4). To implement the new modifications to the existing BEB model of the Option 6 physics constructor of Geant4-DNA and re-evaluate fundamental transport quantities for sub-keV electrons. METHODS In analogy to a Yukawa potential a simple, yet physically-motivated, modification of the Burgess correction term is proposed to account for the reduction of the Coulomb interaction due to the polarizability of the target. The magnitude of the correction is guided by the dielectric-based ionization cross section implemented in Option 4. RESULTS Differential, total and stopping ionization cross sections for low-energy electrons in liquid water are presented. When combined with the Vriens correction (which is not included in Option 6), the proposed modification to the BEB and BED models brings the ionization and stopping cross sections in much better agreement against those used in the Option 4 dielectric model of Geant4-DNA, with up to 30% and 10% deviation, respectively. Implementation of the new correction to the Option 6 constructor of Geant4-DNA and re-evaluation of fundamental transport quantities, such as electron penetration ranges and dose-point-kernels, reduced the discrepancies from Option 4 at sub-keV energies from 20 to 100% (or more) to well below 10% in most cases. CONCLUSIONS A simple modification to the BEB and BED analytic models was found to improve their performance for sub-keV electrons in liquid water medium. Implementation of the new modification to the Option 6 constructor of Geant4-DNA significantly improved the agreement with the recommended low-energy Option 4 constructor for a variety of fundamental quantities related to electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Margis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina Medical School, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Kyriakou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina Medical School, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Sebastien Incerti
- Bordeaux University, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | | | - Dimitris Emfietzoglou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina Medical School, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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Munch M, Buche P, Menut L, Cufi J, Guillard V. CO2 solubility and composition data of food products stored in data warehouse structured by an ontology. Data Brief 2023; 47:108950. [PMID: 36860408 PMCID: PMC9969261 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.108950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This data paper presents the values of CO2 solubility at different temperatures and main compositional parameters (protein, fat, moisture, sugars and salt content) for food products from different categories: dairy products, fishes and meats. It is the result of an extensive meta-analysis gathering the results of different major papers published on the domain on the period of 1980 to 2021, presenting the composition of 81 different food products corresponding to 362 solubility measures. For each food product, the compositional parameters were either extracted directly from the original source, or extracted from open-source databases. This dataset has also been enriched with measurements made on pure water and oil for comparison purposes. In order to ease the comparison between different sources, data have been semantized and structured by an ontology enriched with domain vocabulary. They are stored in a public repository and can be retrieved through the @Web tool, a user-friendly interface allowing to capitalize and query the data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrice Buche
- UMR IATE, University of Montpellier - INRA, 2 place Pierre Viala F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
- LIRMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRIA GraphIK, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Luc Menut
- UMR IATE, University of Montpellier - INRA, 2 place Pierre Viala F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Julien Cufi
- UMR IATE, University of Montpellier - INRA, 2 place Pierre Viala F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Valérie Guillard
- UMR IATE, University of Montpellier - INRA, 2 place Pierre Viala F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
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Ortega-Alarcon D, Claveria-Gimeno R, Vega S, Jorge-Torres OC, Esteller M, Abian O, Velazquez-Campoy A. Unexpected thermodynamic signature for the interaction of hydroxymethylated DNA with MeCP2. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123373. [PMID: 36702223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxymethylated cytosine (5hmC) is a stable DNA epigenetic mark recognized by methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), which acts as a transcriptional regulator and a global chromatin-remodeling element. Because 5hmC triggers a gene regulation response markedly different from that produced by methylated cytosine (5mC), both modifications must affect DNA structure and/or DNA interaction with MeCP2 differently. MeCP2 is a six-domain intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) with two domains responsible for dsDNA binding: methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) and intervening domain (ID). Here we report the detailed thermodynamic characterization of the interaction of hmCpG-DNA with MeCP2. We find that hmCpG-DNA interacts with MeCP2 in a distinctly different mode with a particular thermodynamic signature, compared to methylated or unmethylated DNA. In addition, we find evidence for Rett syndrome-associated mutations altering the interaction of MeCP2 with dsDNA in a cytosine modification-specific manner which may correlate with disease onset time and clinical severity score.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ortega-Alarcon
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units GBsC-CSIC-BIFI and ICVV-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Rafael Claveria-Gimeno
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units GBsC-CSIC-BIFI and ICVV-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Vega
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units GBsC-CSIC-BIFI and ICVV-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Olga C Jorge-Torres
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Abian
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units GBsC-CSIC-BIFI and ICVV-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units GBsC-CSIC-BIFI and ICVV-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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80
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Tham YJ, Sarnela N, Iyer S, Li Q, Angot H, Quéléver LLJ, Beck I, Laurila T, Beck LJ, Boyer M, Carmona-García J, Borrego-Sánchez A, Roca-Sanjuán D, Peräkylä O, Thakur RC, He XC, Zha Q, Howard D, Blomquist B, Archer SD, Bariteau L, Posman K, Hueber J, Helmig D, Jacobi HW, Junninen H, Kulmala M, Mahajan AS, Massling A, Skov H, Sipilä M, Francisco JS, Schmale J, Jokinen T, Saiz-Lopez A. Widespread detection of chlorine oxyacids in the Arctic atmosphere. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1769. [PMID: 36997509 PMCID: PMC10063661 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorine radicals are strong atmospheric oxidants known to play an important role in the depletion of surface ozone and the degradation of methane in the Arctic troposphere. Initial oxidation processes of chlorine produce chlorine oxides, and it has been speculated that the final oxidation steps lead to the formation of chloric (HClO3) and perchloric (HClO4) acids, although these two species have not been detected in the atmosphere. Here, we present atmospheric observations of gas-phase HClO3 and HClO4. Significant levels of HClO3 were observed during springtime at Greenland (Villum Research Station), Ny-Ålesund research station and over the central Arctic Ocean, on-board research vessel Polarstern during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign, with estimated concentrations up to 7 × 106 molecule cm-3. The increase in HClO3, concomitantly with that in HClO4, was linked to the increase in bromine levels. These observations indicated that bromine chemistry enhances the formation of OClO, which is subsequently oxidized into HClO3 and HClO4 by hydroxyl radicals. HClO3 and HClO4 are not photoactive and therefore their loss through heterogeneous uptake on aerosol and snow surfaces can function as a previously missing atmospheric sink for reactive chlorine, thereby reducing the chlorine-driven oxidation capacity in the Arctic boundary layer. Our study reveals additional chlorine species in the atmosphere, providing further insights into atmospheric chlorine cycling in the polar environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Jun Tham
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
| | - Nina Sarnela
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siddharth Iyer
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-3720, Finland
| | - Qinyi Li
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hélène Angot
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Grenoble INP, IGE, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Lauriane L J Quéléver
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivo Beck
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Tiia Laurila
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lisa J Beck
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew Boyer
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Javier Carmona-García
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, P.O. Box 22085, València, 46071, Spain
| | - Ana Borrego-Sánchez
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-University of Granada, Av. de las Palmeras 4, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, P.O. Box 22085, València, 46071, Spain
| | - Otso Peräkylä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roseline C Thakur
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xu-Cheng He
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qiaozhi Zha
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dean Howard
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Byron Blomquist
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Stephen D Archer
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine, USA
| | - Ludovic Bariteau
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Kevin Posman
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine, USA
| | - Jacques Hueber
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- JH Atmospheric Instrumentation Design, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Detlev Helmig
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Boulder Atmosphere Innovation Research LLC, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hans-Werner Jacobi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Grenoble INP, IGE, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Laboratory of Environmental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anoop S Mahajan
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Andreas Massling
- Department of Environmental Science, iClimate, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik Skov
- Department of Environmental Science, iClimate, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mikko Sipilä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Julia Schmale
- Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Tuija Jokinen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), the Cyprus Institute, P.O. Box 27456, Nicosia, CY-1645, Cyprus.
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain.
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Hoof L, Pellumbi K, Heuser S, Siegmund D, junge Puring K, Apfel UP. Wassermanagement als Schlüsselparameter für die Skalierung eines CO
2
‐Elektrolyseurs. CHEM-ING-TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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82
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Treesuwan K, Jirapakkul W, Tongchitpakdee S, Chonhenchob V, Mahakarnchanakul W, Tongkhao K. Antimicrobial Mechanism of Salt/Acid Solution on Microorganisms Isolated from Trimmed Young Coconut. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040873. [PMID: 37110296 PMCID: PMC10140939 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the inhibitory activity of organic solutions containing 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% (w/v) sodium chloride and citric acid solution and 15:10, 15:15, 15:20 and 15:30% (w/v) sodium chloride (NaCl) combined with citric acid (CA) solution (salt/acid solution) for 10 min against microorganisms isolated from trimmed young coconut: Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Candida tropicalis, Lodderromyces elongisporus, Aspergillus aculeatus and Penicillium citrinum. Commercial antimicrobial agents such as potassium metabisulfite and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were used as the controls. Results showed that 30% (w/v) NaCl solution displayed antimicrobial properties against all microorganisms, with s reduction range of 0.00–1.49 log CFU/mL. Treatment of 30% (w/v) CA solution inhibited all microorganisms in the reduction range of 1.50–8.43 log CFU/mL, while 15:20% (w/v) salt/acid solution was the minimum concentration that showed a similar antimicrobial effect with NaOCl and strong antimicrobial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. The mode of action of this solution against selected strains including B. cereus, E. aerogenes and C. tropicalis was also determined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. B. cereus and E. aerogenes revealed degradation and detachment of the outer layer of the cell wall and cytoplasm membrane, while cytoplasmic inclusion in treated C. tropicalis cells changed to larger vacuoles and rough cell walls. The results suggested that a 15:20% (w/v) salt/acid solution could be used as an alternative antimicrobial agent to eliminate microorganisms on fresh produce.
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83
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de Melo GF, Dixon DA. Energetic and Electronic Properties of NpH 0/+/- and PuH 0/+/. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3179-3189. [PMID: 36988907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
High-level correlated molecular orbital theory calculations have been performed to predict the thermodynamic and electronic properties of diatomic NpH0/+/- and PuH0/+/-. The excited states up to ∼10,000 cm-1 were predicted for these molecules at the multireference SO-CASPT2 level. The inclusion of spin-orbit effects is fundamental to predict the low-lying state ordering. NpH is predicted to have a 5Π0 ground state, and PuH has a 6Π1/2 ground state at the SO-CASPT2 level. The adiabatic electron affinities (AEAs) and ionization energies (IEs) of NpH and PuH were calculated to be 0.389 and 6.156 and 0.396 and 6.296 eV, respectively, using the Feller-Peterson-Dixon approach. The AEA increases going from AcH (0.425 eV) to ThH (0.820 eV) and decreases from ThH to PuH. The IEs of Pa-Np hydrides are close to ∼6.2 eV followed by an increase of 0.14 eV to PuH (6.296 eV). The An-H bond dissociation energy (BDE) decreases from 276.4 (AcH) to 107.1 (PuH) kJ/mol; the BDE(NpH) is ∼80 kJ/mol higher than that of PuH. Natural bond orbital calculations show that the bond character for these molecules is mainly ionic, An+H-. The additional electron in NpH- and PuH- populates the 6d orbital, and NpH+ and PuH+ are formed by the removal of a 7s electron. The current work in conjunction with prior work on the AcH to UH in different charge states provides insights into how these properties change across the actinide series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel F de Melo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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84
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Lamb KE, Webb CJ. Core-Shell, Critical-Temperature-Suppressed V Alloy-Pd Alloy Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage—A Technical Evaluation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073024. [PMID: 37049784 PMCID: PMC10095847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen storage for energy applications is of significant interest to researchers seeking to enable a transition to lower-pollution energy systems. Two of the key drawbacks of using hydrogen for energy storage are the low gas-phase storage density and the high energy cost of the gas-phase compression. Metal hydride materials have the potential to increase hydrogen storage density and decrease the energy cost of compression by storing the hydrogen as a solid solution. In this article, the technical viability of core-shell V90Al10-Pd80Ag20 as a hydrogen storage material is discussed. LaNi5, LaNi5/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer mixtures, core-shell V-Pd, and core-shell V90Al10-Pd80Ag20 are directly compared in terms of reversible hydrogen-storage content by weight and volume. The kinetic information for each of the materials is also compared; however, this work highlights missing information that would enable computational dynamics modelling. Results of this technical evaluation show that V90Al10-Pd80Ag20 has the potential to increase gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen capacity by 1.4 times compared to LaNi5/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer mixtures. In addition, the literature shows that Pd80Ag20 and V90Al10 both have similarly good hydrogen permeabilities, thermal conductivities, and specific heats. In summary, this evaluation demonstrates that core-shell V90Al10-Pd80Ag20 could be an excellent, less-expensive hydrogen storage material with the advantages of improved storage capacity, handleability, and safety compared to current AB5-polymer mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina E. Lamb
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Monash University Affiliate, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Colin J. Webb
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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85
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Li J, Chang Y. Ozone oxidation of cysteine in optically trapped aqueous micro‐droplets. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202300050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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86
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Wagner P, Rominger F, Gross JH, Mastalerz M. Solvent-Controlled Quadruple Catenation of Giant Chiral [8+12] Salicylimine Cubes Driven by Weak Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217251. [PMID: 36695113 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked structures are fascinating synthetic targets and the topological complexity achieved through catenation offers numerous possibilities for the construction of new molecules with exciting properties. In the structural space of catenated organic cage molecules, only few examples have been realized so far, and control over the catenation process in solution is still barely achieved. Herein, we describe the formation of a quadruply interlocked catenane of giant chiral [8+12] salicylimine cubes. The formation could be controlled by the choice of solvent used in the reaction. The interlocked structure was unambiguously characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and weak hydrogen bonding was identified as a central driving force for the catenation. Furthermore, scrambling experiments using partially deuterated cages were performed, revealing that the catenane formation occurs through mechanical interlocking of preformed single cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Wagner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Gross
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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87
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Abdul Rinshad V, Sahoo J, Venkateswarulu M, Hickey N, De M, Sarathi Mukherjee P. Solvent Induced Conversion of a Self-Assembled Gyrobifastigium to a Barrel and Encapsulation of Zinc-Phthalocyanine within the Barrel for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218226. [PMID: 36715420 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A rare gyrobifastigium architecture (GB) was constructed by self-assembly of a tetradentate donor (L) with PdII acceptor in DMSO. The GB was converted to its isomeric tetragonal barrel (MB) upon treatment with water. The hydrophobic cavity of MB has been explored for the encapsulation of zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc), which is an excellent photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the poor water-solubility and aggregation tendency are the main reasons for the suboptimal PDT performance of free ZnPc in the aqueous medium. Effective solubilization of ZnPc in an aqueous medium was achieved by encapsulating it in the cavity of MB. The inclusion complex (ZnPc⊂MB) showed enhanced singlet oxygen generation in water. Higher cellular uptake and anticancer activity of the ZnPc⊂MB compared to free ZnPc on HeLa cells indicate that encapsulation of ZnPc in an aqueous host is a potential strategy for enhancement of its PDT activity in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valiyakath Abdul Rinshad
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Jagabandhu Sahoo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Mangili Venkateswarulu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Mrinmoy De
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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88
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Djeghader I, Bendebane F, Ismail F. Interaction Effect of Operating Parameters during Oxidation of Different Dyes via the Fenton Process. Application of the Plackett-Burmann Design. CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.23939/chcht17.01.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The interaction effect of eight operating factors on the degradation of three organic dyes of different structures (Cibacron green, methylene blue and methyl orange) has been studied. Effect had been evaluated statistically using the Plackett-Burman screening design which ex-tracted valuable information on the most important parameters and their interactions. The goodness of the model fit was checked by the determination of the coefficient R2. The process factors, which affected the degradation efficiency of dyes, were then analyzed and illustrated; the most important valueі (p and F) for three dyes proved the validity of the model. The results of interactions between the factors allow to understand and study the impact of each parameter on the elimination of dyes and to distinguish the key factor to upgrade the efficiency of the Fenton process.
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89
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Wang Y, Khanal D, Alreja AB, Yang H, Yk Chang R, Tai W, Li M, Nelson DC, Britton WJ, Chan HK. Bacteriophage endolysin powders for inhaled delivery against pulmonary infections. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122679. [PMID: 36738804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endolysins are bacteriophage-encoded enzymatic proteins that have great potential to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Bacteriophage endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 have shown promising antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia in humans. This is the first study to investigate the feasibility of spray-dried endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 with excipients to produce inhalable powders. The two endolysins were individually tested with leucine and sugar (lactose or trehalose) for spray drying method followed by characterization of biological and physico-chemical properties. A complete loss of ClyJ-3 bioactivity was observed after atomization of the liquid feed solution(before the drying process), while Cpl-1 maintained its bioactivity in the spray-dried powders. Cpl-1 formulations containing leucine with lactose or trehalose showed promising physico-chemical properties (particle size, crystallinity, hygroscopicity, etc.) and aerosol performances (fine particle fraction values above 65%). The results indicated that endolysin Cpl-1 can be formulated as spray dried powders suitable for inhaled delivery to the lungs for the potential treatment of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Wang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dipesh Khanal
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adit B Alreja
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rachel Yk Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Waiting Tai
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mengyu Li
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel C Nelson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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90
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Al Isawi WA, Hartman CK, Singh P, Zeller M, Mezei G. Chromate Incarceration by Nanojars and Its Removal from Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5716-5728. [PMID: 36961999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented liquid-liquid extraction of the dinegative chromate ion (CrO42-) from neutral aqueous solutions into aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents using nanojars as extraction agents is demonstrated. Transferring chromate from water into an organic solvent is extremely challenging due to its large hydration energy (ΔGh° = -950 kJ/mol) and strong oxidizing ability. Owing to their highly hydrophilic anion binding pockets lined by a multitude of hydrogen bond donor OH groups, neutral nanojars of the formula [cis-CuII(μ-OH)(μ-4-Rpz)]n (n = 27-33; pz = pyrazolate anion; R = H or n-octyl) strongly bind the CrO42- ion and efficiently transfer it from water into n-heptane or C11 - C13 isoalkanes (when R = n-octyl). The extracted chromate can easily be recovered from the organic layer by stripping with an aqueous acid solution. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric, UV-vis and paramagnetic 1H NMR spectroscopic, X-ray crystallographic, and thermal stability studies in solution and chemical stability studies toward NH3, methanol, and Ba2+ ions are employed to explore the binding of the CrO42- ion by nanojars. Titration of carbonate nanojars [CO3 ⊂ {Cu(OH)(pz)}n]2- with H2CrO4 leads to anion exchange and the formation of chromate nanojars [CrO4 ⊂ {Cu(OH)(pz)}n]2-. Details of chromate binding by H-bonding based on single-crystal structures of (Bu4N)2[CrO4 ⊂ {Cu(OH)(pz)}28], four pseudopolymorphs of (Bu4N)2[CrO4 ⊂ {Cu(OH)(pz)}31], and also the methoxy-substituted derivative (Bu4N)2[CrO4 ⊂ {Cu31(OH)30(OCH3)(pz)31}] are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisam A Al Isawi
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Christian K Hartman
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Gellert Mezei
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
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91
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Delaunay C, Karr JP, Kitahara T, Koelemeij JCJ, Soreq Y, Zupan J. Self-Consistent Extraction of Spectroscopic Bounds on Light New Physics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:121801. [PMID: 37027868 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental physical constants are determined from a collection of precision measurements of elementary particles, atoms, and molecules. This is usually done under the assumption of the standard model (SM) of particle physics. Allowing for light new physics (NP) beyond the SM modifies the extraction of fundamental physical constants. Consequently, setting NP bounds using these data, and at the same time assuming the Committee on Data of the International Science Council recommended values for the fundamental physical constants, is not reliable. As we show in this Letter, both SM and NP parameters can be simultaneously determined in a consistent way from a global fit. For light vectors with QED-like couplings, such as the dark photon, we provide a prescription that recovers the degeneracy with the photon in the massless limit and requires calculations only at leading order in the small new physics couplings. At present, the data show tensions partially related to the proton charge radius determination. We show that these can be alleviated by including contributions from a light scalar with flavor nonuniversal couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Delaunay
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique, CNRS-USMB, BP 110 Annecy-le-Vieux, F-74941 Annecy, France
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Esplanade des Particules 1, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Karr
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-Université PSL, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, Boulevard François Mitterrand, F-91000 Evry, France
| | - Teppei Kitahara
- Institute for Advanced Research and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- KEK Theory Center, IPNS, KEK, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jeroen C J Koelemeij
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yotam Soreq
- Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jure Zupan
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221,USA
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92
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Bedard J, Linford-Wood TG, Thompson BC, Werner-Zwanziger U, Marczenko KM, Musgrave RA, Chitnis SS. A Robust, Divalent, Phosphaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Connector Provides Access to Cage-Dense Inorganic Polymers and Networks. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7569-7579. [PMID: 36961918 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
While polymers containing chain or ring motifs in their backbone are ubiquitous, those containing well-defined molecular cages are very rare and essentially unknown for the inorganic elements. We report that a rigid and dinucleophilic cage (PNSiMe3)2(NMe)6, which is chemically robust and accessible on a multi-gram scale from commercial precursors, serves as a linear and divalent connector that forms cage-dense inorganic materials. Reaction of the cage with various ditopic P(III) dihalide comonomers proceeded via Me3SiCl elimination to give high molecular weight (30 000-70 000 g mol-1), solution-processable polymers that form free-standing films. The end groups of the polymers could be tuned to engender orthogonal reactivity and form block copolymers. Networked cage-dense materials could be accessed by using PCl3 as a tritopic P(III) linker. Detailed mechanistic studies implicate a stepwise polycondensation that proceeds via phosphino-phosphonium ion intermediates, prior to Me3SiCl loss. Thus, metathesis between the dinucleophilic cage and polyhalides represents a general strategy to making cage-dense polymers, setting the stage for systematically understanding the consequences of the three-dimensional microstructure on macroscopic material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bedard
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Thomas G Linford-Wood
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Benedict C Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Ulrike Werner-Zwanziger
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Katherine M Marczenko
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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93
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Morishita M, Sota J, Kobayashi M. Effects of carbonated beverages on sustained swallowing behavior changes in older inpatients. Physiol Behav 2023; 265:114172. [PMID: 36965570 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Sensory stimulation, including stimulation with carbonated liquids, has been known to influence swallowing activity. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of sustained changes in the swallowing behavior of hospitalized patients without dysphagia using the cervical auscultatory recordings of swallowing sounds. The study participants were hospitalized older adults without dysphagia. The participants were asked to initially swallow water and then a carbonated beverage. The sustained effects of the carbonated beverage in relation to swallowing movements were evaluated by measuring the swallowing sounds at the following time periods: (1) immediately and (2) at 1 to 9 minutes with intervals of 2 minutes after swallowing the carbonated beverage. The swallowing sounds before and after swallowing the same volume of water were also measured and compared on a different day. Analysis was performed to calculate the time from a sound signal to the beginning of the swallowing sound. Significant shortening of the swallowing sound time of the late pharyngeal phase was observed up to 7 minutes after swallowing the carbonated beverage, except during the 3 minutes after swallowing. Shortening of the whole swallowing sound time was observed only immediately after swallowing the carbonated beverage. Regarding the shortening of the acoustic signal in the late pharyngeal period, the effect of cerebral excitability changes due to carbonic acid stimulation was considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyoshi Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kibi International University, 8, Iga-machi, Takahashi, Okayama 716-8508, Japan.
| | - Junya Sota
- Rehabilitation Center, Watanabe Hospital, Shiseikai Medical Corporation, 2278-1, Takao, Niimi, Okayama 718-0003, Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- Rehabilitation Center, Watanabe Hospital, Shiseikai Medical Corporation, 2278-1, Takao, Niimi, Okayama 718-0003, Japan
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94
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Orselly M, Richard C, Devémy J, Bouvet-Marchand A, Dequidt A, Loubat C, Malfreyt P. Impact of the Force Field on the Calculation of Density and Surface Tension of Epoxy-Resins. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2617-2628. [PMID: 36917513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c09087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
The molecular simulation of interfacial systems is a matter of debate because of the choice of many input parameters that can affect significantly the performance of the force field of reproducing the surface tension and the coexisting densities. After developing a robust methodology for the calculation of the surface tension on a Lennard-Jones fluid, we apply it with different force fields to calculate the density and surface tension of pure constituents of epoxy resins. By using the model that best reproduces the experimental density and surface tension, we investigate the impact of composition in mass fraction on uncured epoxy resins and the effects of degree of cross-linking on cured resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Orselly
- Specific Polymers, 150 Avenue des Cocardières, 34160 Castries, France
| | - Cécile Richard
- Specific Polymers, 150 Avenue des Cocardières, 34160 Castries, France
| | - Julien Devémy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Alain Dequidt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cédric Loubat
- Specific Polymers, 150 Avenue des Cocardières, 34160 Castries, France
| | - Patrice Malfreyt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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95
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Santos J, Rodrigo PJ, Petersen PM, Pedersen C. Confocal LiDAR for remote high-resolution imaging of auto-fluorescence in aquatic media. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4807. [PMID: 36959390 PMCID: PMC10036608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatially resolved in situ monitoring of plankton can provide insights on the impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems due to their vital role in the biological carbon pump. However, high-resolution underwater imaging is technically complex and restricted to small close-range volumes with current techniques. Here, we report a novel inelastic scanning confocal light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system for remote underwater volumetric imaging of fluorescent objects. A continuous wave excitation beam is combined with a pinhole in a conjugated detection plane to reject out-of-focus scattering and accomplish near-diffraction limited probe volumes. The combination of bi-directional scanning with remote focusing enables the acquisition of three-dimensional data. We experimentally determine the point spread and axial weighting functions, and demonstrate selective volumetric imaging of obstructed layers through spatial filtering. Finally, we spatially resolve in vivo autofluorescence from sub-millimeter Acocyclops royi copepods to demonstrate the applicability of our novel instrument in non-intrusive morphological and spectroscopic studies of aquatic fauna. The proposed system constitutes a unique tool e.g. for profiling chlorophyll distributions and for quantitative studies of zooplankton with reduced interference from intervening scatterers in the water column that degrade the the performance of conventional imaging systems currently in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Santos
- DTU Electro, Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Peter John Rodrigo
- DTU Electro, Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paul Michael Petersen
- DTU Electro, Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christian Pedersen
- DTU Electro, Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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96
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Waters MDJ, Ng ZX, Monahan NR, Wörner HJ. Ultrafast Imaging of the Jahn-Teller Topography in Carbon Tetrachloride. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7659-7666. [PMID: 36952597 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the direct time-domain observation of ultrafast dynamics driven by the Jahn-Teller effect. Using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with a vacuum-ultraviolet femtosecond source to prepare high-lying Rydberg states of carbon tetrachloride, our measurements reveal the local topography of a Jahn-Teller conical intersection. The pump pulse prepares a configurationally mixed superposition of the degenerate 1T2 4p-Rydberg states, which then distorts through spontaneous symmetry breaking that we identify to follow the t2 bending motion. Photoionization of these states to three cationic states 2T1, 2T2, and 2E reveals a shift in the center-of-mass of the photoelectron peaks associated with the 2Tn states which reveals the local topography of the Jahn-Teller conical intersection region prepared by the pump pulse. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations confirm that the dominant nuclear motion observed in the spectrum is the CCl4 t2 bending mode. The large density of states in the VUV spectral region at 9.33 eV of carbon tetrachloride and strong vibronic coupling result in ultrafast decay of the excited-state signal with a time constant of 75(4) fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max D J Waters
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zi Xuan Ng
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas R Monahan
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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97
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Arildii D, Matsumoto Y, Dopfer O. Microhydration of the Pyrrole Cation (Py +) Revealed by IR Spectroscopy: Ionization-Induced Rearrangement of the Hydrogen-Bonded Network of Py +(H 2O) 2. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2523-2535. [PMID: 36898005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Microhydration of heterocyclic aromatic molecules can be an appropriate fundamental model to shed light on intermolecular interactions and functions of macromolecules and biomolecules. We characterize herein the microhydration process of the pyrrole cation (Py+) by infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy and dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations (B3LYP-D3/aug-cc-pVTZ). Analysis of IRPD spectra of mass-selected Py+(H2O)2 and its cold Ar-tagged cluster in the NH and OH stretch range combined with geometric parameters of intermolecular structures, binding energies, and natural atomic charge distribution provides a clear picture of the growth of the hydration shell and cooperativity effects. Py+(H2O)2 is formed by stepwise hydration of the acidic NH group of Py+ by a hydrogen-bonded (H2O)2 chain with NH···OH···OH configuration. In this linear H-bonded hydration chain, strong cooperativity, mainly arising from the positive charge, strengthens both the NH···O and OH···O H-bonds with respect to those of Py+H2O and (H2O)2, respectively. The linear chain structure of the Py+(H2O)2 cation is discussed in terms of the ionization-induced rearrangement of the hydration shell of the neutral Py(H2O)2 global minimum characterized by the so-called "σ-π bridge structure" featuring a cyclic NH···OH···OH···π H-bonded network. Emission of the π electron from Py by ionization generates a repulsive interaction between the positive π site of Py+ and the π-bonded OH hydrogen of (H2O)2, thereby breaking this OH···π hydrogen bond and driving the hydration structure toward the linear chain motif of the global minimum on the cation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashjargal Arildii
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yoshiteru Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Otto Dopfer
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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98
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Carreño H, Stashenko EE, Escobar P. Essential Oils Distilled from Colombian Aromatic Plants and Their Constituents as Penetration Enhancers for Transdermal Drug Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062872. [PMID: 36985843 PMCID: PMC10057770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the enhanced effects of essential oils (EOs) and plant-derived molecules (PDMs) as penetration enhancers (PEs) for transdermal drug delivery (TDD) of caffeine. A 1% w/w solution of eight EOs and seven PDMs was included in the 1% caffeine carbopol hydrogel. Franz diffusion cell experiments were performed using mice with full-thickness skin. At various times over 24 h, 300 μL of the receptor were withdrawn and replaced with fresh medium. Caffeine was analyzed spectrophotometrically at 272 nm. The skin irritation effects of the hydrogels applied once a day for 21 days were investigated in mice. The steady-state flux (JSS) of the caffeine hydrogel was 30 ± 19.6 µg cm-2 h-1. An increase in caffeine JSS was induced by Lippia origanoides > Turnera diffusa > eugenol > carvacrol > limonene, with values of 150 ± 14.1, 130 ± 47.6, 101 ± 21.7, 90 ± 18.4, and 86 ± 21.0 µg cm-2 h-1, respectively. The Kp of caffeine was 2.8 ± 0.26 cm h-1, almost 2-4 times lower than that induced by Lippia origanoides > Turnera diffusa > limonene > eugenol > carvacrol, with Kp values of 11 ± 1.7, 8.8 ± 4.2, 6.8 ± 1.7, 6.3 ± 1.2, and 5.15 ± 1.0 cm h-1, respectively. No irritating effects were observed. Lippia origanoides, Turnera diffusa, eugenol, carvacrol, and limonene improved caffeine's skin permeation. These compounds may be as effective as the PE in TDD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heider Carreño
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CINTROP), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Piedecuesta 681011, Colombia
| | - Elena E Stashenko
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas (CIBIMOL), Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Patricia Escobar
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CINTROP), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Piedecuesta 681011, Colombia
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99
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Signorile M, Salusso D, Crocellà V, Paganini MC, Bordiga S, Bonino F, Ferri D. Surface species in direct liquid phase synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and CO 2: an MCR-ALS augmented ATR-IR study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8392-8402. [PMID: 36892423 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05800f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) production over ZrO2 from CO2 and CH3OH is well-known, but the level of understanding has not improved in the last decade. Most commonly, the reaction mechanism has been explored in the gas phase, whilst DMC production occurs in the liquid phase. To overcome this contradiction, we exploited in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy to study DMC formation over ZrO2 in the liquid phase. A multiple curve resolution-alternate least square (MCR-ALS) approach was applied to spectra collected during the CO2/CH3OH interaction with the catalyst surface, leading to the identification of five pure components with their respective concentration profiles. CO2 and CH3OH activation to carbonates and methoxide species was found to strongly depend on the reaction temperature. Low temperature prevents methanol dissociation leaving a catalyst covered with stable carbonates, whilst higher temperature decreases the stability of the carbonates and enhances the formation of methoxides. A reaction path involving the methoxide/carbonate interaction at the surface was observed at low temperature (≤50 °C). We propose that a different reaction path, independent of carbonate formation and involving the direct CO2/methoxide interplay, occurs at 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Signorile
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Davide Salusso
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Valentina Crocellà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Paganini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bonino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS e INSTM, Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino and Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
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100
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Nacsa AB, Kígyósi M, Czakó G. Protonation of serine: conformers, proton affinities and gas-phase basicities at the "gold standard" and beyond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8891-8902. [PMID: 36916632 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00612c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential energy surfaces (PESs) of serine and its protonated counterparts are investigated to determine the structures of the minima. A total of 95 neutral serine, 15 N-(amino-) and 46 O-(carbonyl-)protonated serine conformers are found. Their relative energies, geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies are determined at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. To obtain highly accurate thermodynamic values, further computations are performed: the ten conformers with the lowest relative energies from each molecule type (neutral, N- and O-protonated) are further optimized using the explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVDZ-F12 method (for neutral serine, harmonic vibrational frequencies were also computed). In addition, auxiliary corrections were determined: basis-set effects up to CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVQZ-F12, electron correlation effects up to CCSDT(Q), core correlation and second-order Douglas-Kroll relativistic effects along with zero-point energy contributions. Two important thermodynamic parameters (at 298.15 K), proton affinity (PA)/gas-phase basicity (GB) are calculated considering the two different protonation sites: 218.05 ± 0.2/209.86 ± 0.6 kcal mol-1 and 205.87 ± 0.2/196.36 ± 0.3 kcal mol-1 for the amino and carbonyl sites, respectively. The uncertainty of the determined values was approximated based on various sources including auxiliary corrections, basis-set effects, harmonic vibrational frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- András B Nacsa
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Computational Reaction Dynamics Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre and Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Máté Kígyósi
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Computational Reaction Dynamics Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre and Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Czakó
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Computational Reaction Dynamics Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre and Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
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