51
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Abet V, Szczypiński FT, Little MA, Santolini V, Jones CD, Evans R, Wilson C, Wu X, Thorne MF, Bennison MJ, Cui P, Cooper AI, Jelfs KE, Slater AG. Inducing Social Self-Sorting in Organic Cages To Tune The Shape of The Internal Cavity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16755-16763. [PMID: 32542926 PMCID: PMC7540416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many interesting target guest molecules have low symmetry, yet most methods for synthesising hosts result in highly symmetrical capsules. Methods of generating lower symmetry pores are thus required to maximise the binding affinity in host-guest complexes. Herein, we use mixtures of tetraaldehyde building blocks with cyclohexanediamine to access low-symmetry imine cages. Whether a low-energy cage is isolated can be correctly predicted from the thermodynamic preference observed in computational models. The stability of the observed structures depends on the geometrical match of the aldehyde building blocks. One bent aldehyde stands out as unable to assemble into high-symmetry cages-and the same aldehyde generates low-symmetry socially self-sorted cages when combined with a linear aldehyde. We exploit this finding to synthesise a family of low-symmetry cages containing heteroatoms, illustrating that pores of varying geometries and surface chemistries may be reliably accessed through computational prediction and self-sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Abet
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Filip T. Szczypiński
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubWhite City CampusLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Valentina Santolini
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubWhite City CampusLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Christopher D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Robert Evans
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, School of Engineering and Applied ScienceAston UniversityBirminghamB4 7ETUK
| | - Craig Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Michael F. Thorne
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Michael J. Bennison
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubWhite City CampusLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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52
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Alexandre P, Zhang W, Rominger F, Elbert SM, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M. A Robust Porous Quinoline Cage: Transformation of a [4+6] Salicylimine Cage by Povarov Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Emmanuel Alexandre
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Wen‐Shan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sven M. Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rasmus R. Schröder
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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53
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Abet V, Szczypiński FT, Little MA, Santolini V, Jones CD, Evans R, Wilson C, Wu X, Thorne MF, Bennison MJ, Cui P, Cooper AI, Jelfs KE, Slater AG. Inducing Social Self‐Sorting in Organic Cages To Tune The Shape of The Internal Cavity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Abet
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Filip T. Szczypiński
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Valentina Santolini
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Christopher D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Robert Evans
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, School of Engineering and Applied ScienceAston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Craig Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Michael F. Thorne
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Michael J. Bennison
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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54
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Sun Z, Li P, Xu S, Li ZY, Nomura Y, Li Z, Liu X, Zhang S. Controlled Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Catenated Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10833-10840. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST), Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zi-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST), Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yoshiaki Nomura
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zimu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST), Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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55
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Li ZY, Li C, Li P, Zuo Y, Liu X, Xu S, Zou L, Zhuang Q, Gao S, Liu X, Zhang S. Amphiphilic Organic Cages: Self-Assembly into Nanotubes and Enhanced Anion-π Interactions. Chempluschem 2020; 85:906-909. [PMID: 32401409 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic organic cage was synthesized and used as self-assembly synthon for the fabrication of novel functional supramolecular structures in solution. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that this amphiphilic cage self-assembled in aqueous solution into unilamellar nanotubes with a diameter of 29±4 nm at a concentration of 0.05 mg mL-1 . Interestingly, the self-assembly of this cage significantly enhanced the anion-π interactions as indicated by a remarkable increasement of association constant (Ka ) between Cl- and this amphiphilic cage after self-assembly. In specific, Ka was increased from 223 M-1 for discrete cages in methanol to 6800 M-1 for aggregated cages after self-assembly in water at the same concentration of 2.26×10-5 M. A mechanism based on a synergistic effect was proposed in order to explain this self-assembly process through enhanced anion-π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlong Li
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zuo
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Zou
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qixin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shan Gao
- Neurological Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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56
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Li Y, Wang H, Wang C, Xu J, Ma S, Ou J, Zhang J, Li G, Wei Y, Ye M. Atomically Precise Structure Determination of Porous Organic Cage from Ab Initio PXRD Structure Analysis: Its Molecular Click Postfunctionalization and CO 2 Capture Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17815-17823. [PMID: 32216256 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel porous organic cage (POC) was prepared via condensation reaction between 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (TFB) and (1R,2R)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-diamine (CHEDA). This POC could pack in either an amorphous structure or a crystalline one. Atomically precise structure determination of POC was achieved through ab initio powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) structure analysis in the chiral trigonal space group R3. The same atomically precise structure determination of POC from single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) structure analysis could be obtained independently with a slight difference in cell parameter, indicating that the refinement method through ab initio PXRD structure analysis is reliable and may serve as an essential method for atomically precise structure determination. The cage could adsorb up to 8 mmol/g CO2 at 298 K and 1 bar. Furthermore, 1-thioglycerol and 1-octadecanethiol were chosen to prove that postmodification of this POC was flexible. After post-synthetic modification (PSM) via highly efficient photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction, the products still kept porous with relatively higher special surface area (337 m2/g of 5T and 156 m2/g of 5O) than mostly reported cages via the reduced-amine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Junwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Gao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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57
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Schaub TA, Prantl EA, Kohn J, Bursch M, Marshall CR, Leonhardt EJ, Lovell TC, Zakharov LN, Brozek CK, Waldvogel SR, Grimme S, Jasti R. Exploration of the Solid-State Sorption Properties of Shape-Persistent Macrocyclic Nanocarbons as Bulk Materials and Small Aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8763-8775. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A. Schaub
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ephraim A. Prantl
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Julia Kohn
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Markus Bursch
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Checkers R. Marshall
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Erik J. Leonhardt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Terri C. Lovell
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Carl K. Brozek
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Ramesh Jasti
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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58
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Li P, Xu S, Yu C, Li Z, Xu J, Li Z, Zou L, Leng X, Gao S, Liu Z, Liu X, Zhang S. De Novo Construction of Catenanes with Dissymmetric Cages by Space‐Discriminative Post‐Assembly Modification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST)Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zi‐Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST)Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zi‐Mu Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lingyi Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shan Gao
- Neurological Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalSouth Campus Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral ChemicalsZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST)Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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59
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Li P, Xu S, Yu C, Li Z, Xu J, Li Z, Zou L, Leng X, Gao S, Liu Z, Liu X, Zhang S. De Novo Construction of Catenanes with Dissymmetric Cages by Space‐Discriminative Post‐Assembly Modification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7113-7121. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zi‐Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zi‐Mu Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lingyi Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shan Gao
- Neurological Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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60
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Sharma V, De D, Saha R, Chattaraj PK, Bharadwaj PK. Flexibility Induced Encapsulation of Ultrafine Palladium Nanoparticles into Organic Cages for Tsuji-Trost Allylation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:8539-8546. [PMID: 31977185 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of three positional isomers of organic cages namely o-OC, m-OC, and p-OC, have been self-assembled using dynamic covalent chemistry. Their room temperature controlled fabrication with palladium gives ultrafine diameter (1-2 nm) of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). We observed that the shape-flexibility of cages have great impact on the formation of Pd NPs. Theoretical calculations reveals that theoretically obtainable size of Pd NPs for each cage which was complementary to the experimental results. Theoretical studies indicate that the driving forces for the specific orientational preference may be ascribed to subtle variations on the level of π-π interactions, which ultimately governs the growth of Pd NPs therein. It is the first example of shape-flexible synthesis of organic cages where flexibility governs the nanoparticle growth. Pd NPs have shown excellent catalysis of Tsuji-Trost allylation at room temperature and pressure in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanand Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
| | - Dinesh De
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
| | - Ranajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur - 721302 , India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur - 721302 , India
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai , 400076 , India
| | - Parimal K Bharadwaj
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
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61
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Prantl E, Kohl B, Ryvlin D, Biegger P, Wadepohl H, Rominger F, Bunz UHF, Mastalerz M, Waldvogel SR. Microporous Triptycene-Based Affinity Materials on Quartz Crystal Microbalances for Tracing of Illicit Compounds. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1239-1244. [PMID: 31944043 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triptycene-based organic molecules of intrinsic microporosity (OMIMs) with extended functionalized π-surfaces are excellent materials for gas sorption and separation. In this study, the affinities of triptycene-based OMIM affinity materials on 195 MHz high-fundamental-frequency quartz crystal microbalances (HFF-QCMs) for hazardous and illicit compounds such as piperonal and (-)-norephedrine were determined. Both new and existing porous triptycene-based affinity materials were investigated, resulting in very high sensitivities and selectivities that could be applied for sensing purposes. Remarkable results were found for safrole - a starting material for illicit compounds such as ecstasy. A systematic approach highlights the effects of different size of π-surfaces of these affinity materials, allowing a classification of the properties that might be optimal for the design of future OMIM-based affinity materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim Prantl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Kohl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrij Ryvlin
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Biegger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 271, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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62
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Ma H, Zhai TL, Wang Z, Cheng G, Tan B, Zhang C. Switching porosity of stable triptycene-based cage via solution-state assembly processes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9088-9092. [PMID: 35496542 PMCID: PMC9050043 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a great challenge to tune the porosity of porous materials. As most porous organic cages are soluble, solution processability can be a possible way to regulate the porosity of such materials. Herein, a triptycene-based cage (TC) is demonstrated to be stable in acid, base or boiling water. Meanwhile, its porosity can be tuned by adjusting the solution-state assembly processes. TC molecules crystallized slowly from solution exhibit nearly no porosity to nitrogen (off-state). While, after rapid precipitating from methanol/dichloromethane solution, the obtained TC (TC-rp) is in a porous state and exhibit a high BET surface area of 653 m2 g−1 (on-state). Here, a kind of triptycene-based cage is demonstrated to have good chemical stability in acid, base and boiling water. Moreover, its porosity can be tuned by varying the solution-state assembly processes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Tian-Long Zhai
- College of Life Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Guang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
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63
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Liang B, He X, Hou J, Li L, Tang Z. Membrane Separation in Organic Liquid: Technologies, Achievements, and Opportunities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806090. [PMID: 30570172 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technology is one of the most promising technologies for separation and purification that is routinely and commercially employed in aqueous solutions. In comparison, its applications in organic solvents are severely underdeveloped mainly due to the poor stability of traditional polymer membranes in organic solvents. The emerging materials such as crosslinked polymers, covalent organic frameworks, metal-organic frameworks, conjugated microporous polymers, carbon molecular sieves, and graphene provide the solutions to address this problem. The membranes constructed with these novel materials show outstanding separation performance in regard to both high selectivity and solvent permeability, greatly pushing forward utilization of membrane technology in organic media. Here, an overview of the most important organic mixtures that need to be separated, the major separation processes adopted nowadays in organic solvents, and the recent progress in new developed membranes is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junjun Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lianshan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
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64
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Zhang J, Xie S, Zi M, Yuan L. Recent advances of application of porous molecular cages for enantioselective recognition and separation. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:134-149. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Hui Zhang
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Sheng‐Ming Xie
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Min Zi
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ming Yuan
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
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65
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Sharma V, Chatterjee N, Srivastava P, De D, Bharadwaj PK. Peripheral Fluorophore Functionalized Shape‐Persistent [2+3] Organic Cage for Highly Selective Detection of Picric Acid. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanand Sharma
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Payal Srivastava
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Dinesh De
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Parimal K. Bharadwaj
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
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66
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Feng X, Liao P, Jiang J, Shi J, Ke Z, Zhang J. Perylene Diimide Based Imine Cages for Inclusion of Aromatic Guest Molecules and Visible‐Light Photocatalysis. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Peisen Liao
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jianying Shi
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
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67
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Teng B, Little MA, Hasell T, Chong SY, Jelfs KE, Clowes R, Briggs M, Cooper AI. Synthesis of a Large, Shape-Flexible, Solvatomorphic Porous Organic Cage. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2019; 19:3647-3651. [PMID: 31303868 PMCID: PMC6614879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.8b01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Porous organic cages have emerged over the last 10 years as a subclass of functional microporous materials. However, among all of the organic cages reported, large multicomponent organic cages with 20 components or more are still rare. Here, we present an [8 + 12] porous organic imine cage, CC20, which has an apparent surface area up to 1752 m2 g-1, depending on the crystallization and activation conditions. The cage is solvatomorphic and displays distinct geometrical cage structures, caused by crystal-packing effects, in its crystal structures. This indicates that larger cages can display a certain range of shape flexibility in the solid state, while remaining shape persistent and porous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang Teng
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Samantha Y. Chong
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Rob Clowes
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Michael
E. Briggs
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
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68
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Acharyya K, Mukherjee PS. Organic Imine Cages: Molecular Marriage and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Acharyya
- Department of Inorganic & Physical ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
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69
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Acharyya K, Mukherjee PS. Organic Imine Cages: Molecular Marriage and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8640-8653. [PMID: 30725512 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Imine condensation has been known to chemists for more than a century and is used extensively to synthesize large organic cages of defined shapes and sizes. Surprisingly, in the context of the synthetic methods for organic imine cages (OICs), a self-sorting/self-selection (molecular marriage) process has been overlooked over the years. Such processes are omnipresent in nature, from the creation of galaxies to the formation of the smallest building blocks of life (the cell). Such processes have the incredible ability to guide a system toward the formation of a specific product or products out of a collection of equally probable multiple possibilities. This Minireview sheds light on new opportunities in cage design offered by the self-sorting/self-selection protocol in OICs. Recent efforts to explore organic cages for various exciting new applications are discussed; for example, for detection of harmful small organic molecules, as templates for nucleation of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), and as proton-conducting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Acharyya
- Department of Inorganic & Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic & Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
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70
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Zhao D, Liu J, Jiang J. Porous organic cages embedded in a lipid membrane for water desalination: A molecular simulation study. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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71
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Wang BJ, Duan AH, Zhang JH, Xie SM, Cao QE, Yuan LM. An Enantioselective Potentiometric Sensor for 2-Amino-1-Butanol Based on Chiral Porous Organic Cage CC3-R. Molecules 2019; 24:E420. [PMID: 30682770 PMCID: PMC6384868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their unique structures and tremendous application potential in numerous areas. In this study, an enantioselective potentiometric sensor composed of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane electrode modified with CC3-R POC material was used for the recognition of enantiomers of 2-amino-1-butanol. After optimisation, the developed sensor exhibited enantioselectivity toward S-2-amino-1-butanol ( log K S , R P o t = -0.98) with acceptable sensitivity, and a near-Nernstian response of 25.8 ± 0.3 mV/decade within a pH range of 6.0⁻9.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Ai-Hong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qiu-E Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
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72
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Abstract
The resolution of chiral compounds into optically pure enantiomers is very important in various fields, such as pharmaceutical, chemical, agricultural, and food industries. Chiral gas chromatography (GC) is one of the efficient methods for enantioseparations of volatile compounds. In recent years, porous materials as stationary phases for chromatographic separations have achieved increasing attention. Porous organic cages (POCs) represent an emerging class of porous materials, which are assembled by discrete organic molecules with shape-persistent and permanent cavities through weak intermolecular forces. This chapter describes several chiral POCs as chiral stationary phases for GC enantioseparations of racemic compounds.
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73
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Wang F, Sikma E, Duan Z, Sarma T, Lei C, Zhang Z, Humphrey SM, Sessler JL. Shape-persistent pyrrole-based covalent organic cages: synthesis, structure and selective gas adsorption properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6185-6188. [PMID: 31080980 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02490e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two cryptand-like, shape persistent [2+3] imine cages (1 and 2) derived from oligopyrrolic precursors (diformyl dipyrrylpyridine 3 and diformyl bipyrrole 4) were prepared. These cages contain open cavities as inferred from solid state structural analyses and act as selective CO2 gas adsorbing materials in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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74
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Sturluson A, Huynh MT, York AHP, Simon CM. Eigencages: Learning a Latent Space of Porous Cage Molecules. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:1663-1676. [PMID: 30648150 PMCID: PMC6311689 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Porous organic cage molecules harbor nanosized cavities that can selectively adsorb gas molecules, lending them applications in separations and sensing. The geometry of the cavity strongly influences their adsorptive selectivity. For comparing cages and predicting their adsorption properties, we embed/encode a set of 74 porous organic cage molecules into a low-dimensional, latent "cage space" on the basis of their intrinsic porosity. We first computationally scan each cage to generate a three-dimensional (3D) image of its porosity. Leveraging the singular value decomposition, in an unsupervised manner, we then learn across all cages an approximate, lower-dimensional subspace in which the 3D porosity images congregate. The "eigencages" are the set of orthogonal, characteristic 3D porosity images that span this lower-dimensional subspace, ordered in terms of importance. A latent representation/encoding of each cage follows by approximately expressing it as a combination of the eigencages. We show that the learned encoding captures salient features of the cavities of porous cages and is predictive of properties of the cages that arise from cavity shape. Our methods could be applied to learn latent representations of cavities within other classes of porous materials and of shapes of molecules in general.
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75
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Berardo E, Turcani L, Miklitz M, Jelfs KE. An evolutionary algorithm for the discovery of porous organic cages. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8513-8527. [PMID: 30568775 PMCID: PMC6251339 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03560a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical and structural space of possible molecular materials is enormous, as they can, in principle, be built from any combination of organic building blocks. Here we have developed an evolutionary algorithm (EA) that can assist in the efficient exploration of chemical space for molecular materials, helping to guide synthesis to materials with promising applications. We demonstrate the utility of our EA to porous organic cages, predicting both promising targets and identifying the chemical features that emerge as important for a cage to be shape persistent or to adopt a particular cavity size. We identify that shape persistent cages require a low percentage of rotatable bonds in their precursors (<20%) and that the higher topicity building block in particular should use double bonds for rigidity. We can use the EA to explore what size ranges for precursors are required for achieving a given pore size in a cage and show that 16 Å pores, which are absent in the literature, should be synthetically achievable. Our EA implementation is adaptable and easily extendable, not only to target specific properties of porous organic cages, such as optimal encapsulants or molecular separation materials, but also to any easily calculable property of other molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Berardo
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)207 594 3438
| | - Lukas Turcani
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)207 594 3438
| | - Marcin Miklitz
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)207 594 3438
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)207 594 3438
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76
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Mastalerz M. Porous Shape-Persistent Organic Cage Compounds of Different Size, Geometry, and Function. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2411-2422. [PMID: 30203648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interest in shape-persistent organic cages is nearly as old as the interest in supramolecular chemistry. In the beginning, organic cages have often been synthesized in a stepwise manner, which is not only laborious but very often also accompanied by low overall yields. In 1988, MacDowell published the one pot high-yielding synthesis of [2 + 3] imine cages based on TREN and aromatic dialdehydes, exploiting the reversible condensation of amines and aldehydes to imines, which was later used by others to make even larger cages on the basis of resorcinarenes. In 2008, the synthesis and characterization of an adamantoid [4 + 6] imine cage by condensation of a C3 v-symmetric triaminotriptycene and commercially available 4- tert-butyl salicyldialdehyde was introduced by the author, which was the ignition of our group activities in this research area. In 2011, we published the first gas-sorption data for this [4 + 6] imine cage: with a measured specific surface area of SABET = 1377 m2/g according to the model of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) this was twice as high as for the reported smaller cages of Cooper. For a second desolvated polymorph of the same cage, an even higher SABET = 2071 m2/g was determined; still one of the highest surface areas until date for porous organic molecular materials. Subsequently, the influence of the substituent in 4-position of the salicyldialdehyde for the reaction to [4 + 6] imine cages was investigated as well as the role of the phenolic hydroxyl group. It turned out that the phenolic hydroxyl group is crucial as directing group to increase the formation of the cage as well as stabilize the structure by cyclic six-membered intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The concept was extended to other imine-based cages of different geometry and size. For instance, a [4 + 4] cubic structure from triptycene trissalicylaldehyde and triptycene triamine was accessible as an amorphous insoluble solid, able to adsorb 18.2 wt % CO2 at ambient conditions. To gain further insight into the structural needs of the molecular precursors, rigidity and preorientation of reacting sites were investigated on prismatic [2 + 3] and truncated tetrahedral [4 + 4] imine cages, showing that rigidity and preorientation is beneficial or even crucial for cage formation. Furthermore, chiral self-sorting was studied on the basic of racemic triamines. Besides imine condensation, we explored the reversible formation of boronic esters from boronic acids and diols. Triptycene tetraol with its 120° angle between the aromatic units has been used in the condensation with benzene triboronic acid to achieve a large cuboctahedral [12 + 8] cage with pore dimensions of 2 nm, which are by IUPAC definition mesoporous. After activation the measured specific surface area was SABET = 3758 m2/g, a number rarely achieved even for other porous compounds such as threedimensional framework materials. Smaller tetrahedral [4 + 6] boronic ester cages were synthesized too. These cages show a selective gas sorption with preference of saturated hydrocarbon ethane over ethylene and acetylene. What distinguishes porous materials derived from molecular cages from three-dimensional frameworks or networks the most is their solubility; thus, the cages are soluble porous units (SPUs) in a broader sense. Taking advantage of this, [4 + 6] imine cages were postfunctionalized in solution to change the gas sorption properties in the crystalline state. Furthermore, cage solutions were spray-coated onto quartz crystal microbalances to enhance affinity and selectivity for sensing of airborne analytes. In this Account, the contributions from our lab on porous organic cages are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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77
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Kim Y, Koo J, Hwang IC, Mukhopadhyay RD, Hong S, Yoo J, Dar AA, Kim I, Moon D, Shin TJ, Ko YH, Kim K. Rational Design and Construction of Hierarchical Superstructures Using Shape-Persistent Organic Cages: Porphyrin Box-Based Metallosupramolecular Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14547-14551. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyoung Koo
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Hwang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Dev Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonsang Hong
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jejoong Yoo
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajaz Ahmad Dar
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikjin Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Moon
- Supramolecule Crystallography, Pohang Light Source II, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- UNIST Central Research Facilities & School of Natural Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Ko
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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78
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Shape-Persistent Tetrahedral [4+6] Boronic Ester Cages with Different Degrees of Fluoride Substitution. Chemistry 2018; 24:11438-11443. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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79
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Smith PT, Benke BP, Cao Z, Kim Y, Nichols EM, Kim K, Chang CJ. Iron Porphyrins Embedded into a Supramolecular Porous Organic Cage for Electrochemical CO
2
Reduction in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Bahiru Punja Benke
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi Cao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Eva M. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Department Molecular and Cell Biology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
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80
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Smith PT, Benke BP, Cao Z, Kim Y, Nichols EM, Kim K, Chang CJ. Iron Porphyrins Embedded into a Supramolecular Porous Organic Cage for Electrochemical CO
2
Reduction in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9684-9688. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Bahiru Punja Benke
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi Cao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Eva M. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Department Molecular and Cell Biology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
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81
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Wang Z, Ma H, Zhai T, Cheng G, Xu Q, Liu J, Yang J, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Tan B, Zhang C. Networked Cages for Enhanced CO 2 Capture and Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800141. [PMID: 30027046 PMCID: PMC6051374 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It remains a great challenge to design and synthesize a porous material for CO2 capture and sensing simultaneously. Herein, strategy of "cage to frameworks" is demonstrated to synthesize fluorescent porous organic polymer (pTOC) by using tetraphenylethylene-based oxacalixarene cage (TOC) as the monomer. The networked cages (pTOC) have improved porous properties, including Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and CO2 capture compared with its monomer TOC, because the polymerization overcomes the window-to-arene packing modes of cages and turns on their pores. Moreover, pTOC displays prominent reversible fluorescence enhancement in the presence of CO2 in different dispersion systems and fluorescence recovery for CO2 release in the presence of NH3·H2O, and is thus very effective to detect and quantify the fractions of CO2 in a gaseous mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Hui Ma
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Tian‐Long Zhai
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Guang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Jun‐Min Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qing‐Mei Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qing‐Pu Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Yan‐Song Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
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82
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Hashim MI, Le HTM, Chen TH, Chen YS, Daugulis O, Hsu CW, Jacobson AJ, Kaveevivitchai W, Liang X, Makarenko T, Miljanić OŠ, Popovs I, Tran HV, Wang X, Wu CH, Wu JI. Dissecting Porosity in Molecular Crystals: Influence of Geometry, Hydrogen Bonding, and [π···π] Stacking on the Solid-State Packing of Fluorinated Aromatics. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6014-6026. [PMID: 29656637 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porous molecular crystals are an emerging class of porous materials that is unique in being built from discrete molecules rather than being polymeric in nature. In this study, we examined the effects of molecular structure of the precursors on the formation of porous solid-state structures with a series of 16 rigid aromatics. The majority of these precursors possess pyrazole groups capable of hydrogen bonding, as well as electron-rich aromatics and electron-poor tetrafluorobenzene rings. These precursors were prepared using a combination of Pd- and Cu-catalyzed cross-couplings, careful manipulations of protecting groups on the nitrogen atoms, and solvothermal syntheses. Our study varied the geometry and dimensions of precursors, as well as the presence of groups capable of hydrogen bonding and [π···π] stacking. Thirteen derivatives were crystallographically characterized, and four of them were found to be porous with surface areas between 283 and 1821 m2 g-1. Common to these four porous structures were (a) rigid trigonal geometry, (b) [π···π] stacking of electron-poor tetrafluorobenzenes with electron-rich pyrazoles or tetrazoles, and
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Hashim
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Ha T M Le
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Teng-Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Center for Advanced Radiation Source (ChemMatCARS) , The University of Chicago , c/o APS/ANL, 9700 South Cass Drive , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Allan J Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States.,Texas Center for Superconductivity , 202 UH Science Center , Houston , Texas 77204-5002 , United States
| | - Watchareeya Kaveevivitchai
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Tatyana Makarenko
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Ognjen Š Miljanić
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Ilja Popovs
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Hung Vu Tran
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Xiqu Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard #112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
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83
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Covalent Organic Frameworks and Cage Compounds: Design and Applications of Polymeric and Discrete Organic Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4850-4878. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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84
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Kovalente organische Netzwerke und Käfigverbindungen: Design und Anwendungen von polymeren und diskreten organischen Gerüsten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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85
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Zhang JH, Xie SM, Wang BJ, He PG, Yuan LM. A homochiral porous organic cage with large cavity and pore windows for the efficient gas chromatography separation of enantiomers and positional isomers. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1385-1394. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P.R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P.R. China
| | - Pin-Gang He
- Department of Chemistry; East China Normal University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P.R. China
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86
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Lauer JC, Zhang WS, Rominger F, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M. Shape-Persistent [4+4] Imine Cages with a Truncated Tetrahedral Geometry. Chemistry 2018; 24:1816-1820. [PMID: 29272048 PMCID: PMC5838406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of shape-persistent organic cage compounds is often based on the usage of multiple dynamic covalent bond formation (such as imines) of readily available precursors. By careful choice of the precursors geometry, the geometry and size of the resulting cage can be accurately designed and indeed a number of different geometries and sizes have been realized to date. Despite of this fact, little is known about the precursors conformational rigidity and steric preorganization of reacting functional groups on the outcome of the reaction. Herein, the influence of conformational rigidity in the precursors on the formation of a [4+4] imine cage with truncated tetrahedral geometry is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen C Lauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wen-Shan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rasmus R Schröder
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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87
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Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Ge J, Lin R, Chen C, Peng Q, Wang D, Li Y. Porous organic cage stabilised palladium nanoparticles: efficient heterogeneous catalysts for carbonylation reaction of aryl halides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2796-2799. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09918e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Porous organic cage stabilised palladium nanoparticles were prepared using methanol as a mild reductant and displayed high catalytic activity for the carbonylation reaction of aryl halides under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Jin Ge
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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88
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Zhang JH, Zhu PJ, Xie SM, Zi M, Yuan LM. Homochiral porous organic cage used as stationary phase for open tubular capillary electrochromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 999:169-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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89
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Stahlhofen JM, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. One-Pot Synthesis to Quinone-Based Diaza[3.3]cyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Marie Stahlhofen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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90
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Abstract
Two or more anions constrained in close proximity within a single pocket are found in a number of natural systems but a less common motif in artificial systems. This review summarizes work on anion receptors capable of stabilizing anionic dimers, trimers, tetramers and clusters in a well-defined fashion. These systems may provide insights into the fundamental chemistry of anion-anion interactions and provide a guide for understanding in greater detail a number of biological and environmental processes, as well as key tenants of relevance to supramolecular chemistry, extraction, transport, crystal engineering, and the like. The primary goal of this review is to provide a general introduction into multi-anion recognition chemistry for the benefit of supramolecular and non-supramolecular chemists alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Peiyu Tu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street-A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
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91
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Qu H, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang X, Fang H, Tian Z, Cao X. Molecular Face-Rotating Cube with Emergent Chiral and Fluorescence Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18142-18145. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xinchang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongxun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhongqun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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92
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Design and Validation of a 150 MHz HFFQCM Sensor for Bio-Sensing Applications. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17092057. [PMID: 28885551 PMCID: PMC5621382 DOI: 10.3390/s17092057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic wave resonators have become suitable devices for a broad range of sensing applications due to their sensitivity, low cost, and integration capability, which are all factors that meet the requirements for the resonators to be used as sensing elements for portable point of care (PoC) platforms. In this work, the design, characterization, and validation of a 150 MHz high fundamental frequency quartz crystal microbalance (HFF-QCM) sensor for bio-sensing applications are introduced. Finite element method (FEM) simulations of the proposed design are in good agreement with the electrical characterization of the manufactured resonators. The sensor is also validated for bio-sensing applications. For this purpose, a specific sensor cell was designed and manufactured that addresses the critical requirements associated with this type of sensor and application. Due to the small sensing area and the sensor’s fragility, these requirements include a low-volume flow chamber in the nanoliter range, and a system approach that provides the appropriate pressure control for assuring liquid confinement while maintaining the integrity of the sensor with a good base line stability and easy sensor replacement. The sensor characteristics make it suitable for consideration as the elemental part of a sensor matrix in a multichannel platform for point of care applications.
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93
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Jiang S, Song Q, Massey A, Chong SY, Chen L, Sun S, Hasell T, Raval R, Sivaniah E, Cheetham AK, Cooper AI. Oriented Two-Dimensional Porous Organic Cage Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9391-9395. [PMID: 28580700 PMCID: PMC5577517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The formation of two-dimensional (2D) oriented porous organic cage crystals (consisting of imine-based tetrahedral molecules) on various substrates (such as silicon wafers and glass) by solution-processing is reported. Insight into the crystallinity, preferred orientation, and cage crystal growth was obtained by experimental and computational techniques. For the first time, structural defects in porous molecular materials were observed directly and the defect concentration could be correlated with crystal growth rate. These oriented crystals suggest potential for future applications, such as solution-processable molecular crystalline 2D membranes for molecular separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of ChemistryMaterials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Qilei Song
- Barrer CentreDepartment of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Alan Massey
- Surface Science Research CentreDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolL69 3BXLiverpoolUK
| | - Samantha Y. Chong
- Department of ChemistryMaterials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Linjiang Chen
- Department of ChemistryMaterials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Shijing Sun
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of ChemistryMaterials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Rasmita Raval
- Surface Science Research CentreDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolL69 3BXLiverpoolUK
| | - Easan Sivaniah
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS)Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan
| | - Anthony K. Cheetham
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of ChemistryMaterials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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94
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Jiang S, Song Q, Massey A, Chong SY, Chen L, Sun S, Hasell T, Raval R, Sivaniah E, Cheetham AK, Cooper AI. Oriented Two‐Dimensional Porous Organic Cage Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry Materials Innovation Factory University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Qilei Song
- Barrer Centre Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Alan Massey
- Surface Science Research Centre Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool L69 3BX Liverpool UK
| | - Samantha Y. Chong
- Department of Chemistry Materials Innovation Factory University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Linjiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Materials Innovation Factory University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Shijing Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry Materials Innovation Factory University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Rasmita Raval
- Surface Science Research Centre Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool L69 3BX Liverpool UK
| | - Easan Sivaniah
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Anthony K. Cheetham
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry Materials Innovation Factory University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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95
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Pyka I, Nikl J, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. The Role of Side-Arms for Supramolecular Affinity Materials Based on 9,9′-Spirobifluorenes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pyka
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Joachim Nikl
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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96
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Saha R, Samanta D, Bhattacharyya AJ, Mukherjee PS. Stepwise Construction of Self-Assembled Heterometallic Cages Showing High Proton Conductivity. Chemistry 2017; 23:8980-8986. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Saha
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | - Dipak Samanta
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | | | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
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97
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Acharyya K, Chowdhury A, Mondal B, Chakraborty S, Mukherjee PS. Building Block Dependent Morphology Modulation of Cage Nanoparticles and Recognition of Nitroaromatics. Chemistry 2017; 23:8482-8490. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Acharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India)
| | - Aniket Chowdhury
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India)
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India)
| | - Shubhadip Chakraborty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India)
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India)
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98
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Stobe C, Pyka I, Linke A, Müller S, Schnakenburg G, Waldvogel SR, Lützen A. Synthesis of 9,9'-Spirobifluorenes and 4,5-Diaza-9,9'-spirobifluorenes and Their Application as Affinity Materials for Quartz Crystal Microbalances. Chempluschem 2017; 82:758-769. [PMID: 31961518 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two different classes of aza analogues of 9,9'-spirobifluorenes have been synthesized. These were obtained by either furnishing the spirobifluorene with additional pyridyl moieties or by installing the aza function directly into the spirobifluorene core. These structurally rigid compounds were then evaluated as affinity materials for quartz crystal microbalances and proved to be highly potent for the detection of volatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Stobe
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabella Pyka
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Organische Chemie, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Linke
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Organische Chemie, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sarah Müller
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Organische Chemie, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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99
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Trzciński JW, Pinalli R, Riboni N, Pedrini A, Bianchi F, Zampolli S, Elmi I, Massera C, Ugozzoli F, Dalcanale E. In Search of the Ultimate Benzene Sensor: The EtQxBox Solution. ACS Sens 2017; 2:590-598. [PMID: 28723190 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report a comprehensive study leading to the fabrication of a prototype sensor for environmental benzene monitoring. The required high selectivity and ppb-level sensitivity are obtained by coupling a silicon-integrated concentration unit containing the specifically designed EtQxBox cavitand to a miniaturized PID detector. In the resulting stand-alone sensor, the EtQxBox receptor acts at the same time as highly sensitive preconcentrator for BTEX and GC-like separation phase, allowing for the selective desorption of benzene over TEX. The binding energies of the complexes between EtQxBox and BTX are calculated through molecular mechanics calculations. The examination of the corresponding crystal structures confirms the trend determined by computational studies, with the number of C-H···N and CH···π interactions increasing from 6 to 9 along the series from benzene to o-xylene. The analytical performances of EtQxBox are experimentally tested via SPME, using the cavitand as fiber coating for BTEX monitoring in air. The cavitand EFs are noticeably higher than those obtained by using the commercial CAR-DVB-PDMS. The LOD and LOQ are calculated in the ng/m3 range, outperforming the commercial available systems in BTEX adsorption. The desired selective desorption of benzene is achieved by applying a smart temperature program on the EtQxBox mesh, which starts releasing benzene at lower temperatures than TEX, as predicted by the calculated binding energies. The sensor performances are experimentally validated and ppbv level sensitivity toward the carcinogenic target aromatic benzene was demonstrated, as required for environmental benzene exposure monitoring in industrial applications and outdoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub W. Trzciński
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Riboni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedrini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale per l’Energia e l’Ambiente, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Podere Campagna, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Elmi
- CNR-IMM Bologna, Via P. Gobetti
101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Massera
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Franco Ugozzoli
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Parma, Parco area
delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma and INSTM UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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100
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Santolini V, Miklitz M, Berardo E, Jelfs KE. Topological landscapes of porous organic cages. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5280-5298. [PMID: 28397915 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00703e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We define a nomenclature for the classification of porous organic cage molecules, enumerating the 20 most probable topologies, 12 of which have been synthetically realised to date. We then discuss the computational challenges encountered when trying to predict the most likely topological outcomes from dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) reactions of organic building blocks. This allows us to explore the extent to which comparing the internal energies of possible reaction outcomes is successful in predicting the topology for a series of 10 different building block combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Santolini
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. www.twitter.com/JelfsChem
| | - Marcin Miklitz
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. www.twitter.com/JelfsChem
| | - Enrico Berardo
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. www.twitter.com/JelfsChem
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. www.twitter.com/JelfsChem
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