51
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Zheng L, Zhong Y, He T, Peng S, Yang L. A Codispersed Nanosystem of Silver-anchored MoS 2 Enhances Antibacterial and Antitumor Properties of Selective Laser Sintered Scaffolds. Int J Bioprint 2022; 8:577. [PMID: 36105125 PMCID: PMC9468948 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v8i43.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence and bacterial infection are common problems during bone repair and reconstruction after bone tumor surgery. In this study, silver-anchored MoS2 nanosheets (Ag@PMoS2) were synthesized by in situ reduction, then a composite polymer scaffold (Ag@PMoS2/PGA) with sustained antitumor and antibacterial activity was successfully constructed by selective laser sintering technique. In the Ag@PMoS2 nanostructures, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were sandwiched between adjacent MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2 NSs), which restrained the restacking of the MoS2 NSs. In addition, the MoS2 NSs acted as steric hindrance layers, which prevented the aggregation of Ag NPs. More importantly, MoS2 NSs can provide a barrier layer for Ag NPs, hindering Ag NPs from reacting with the external solution to prevent its quick release. The results showed that Ag@PMoS2/PGA scaffolds have stronger photothermal effect and antitumor function. Meanwhile, the Ag@PMoS2/PGA scaffolds also demonstrated slow control of silver ion (Ag+) release and more efficient long-term antibacterial ability. Besides, composite scaffolds have been proved to kill the MG-63 cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibit bacterial proliferation by upregulating the level of bacterial reactive oxygen species. This kind of novel bifunctional implants with antitumor and antibacterial properties provides better choice for the artificial bone transplantation after primary bone tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leliang Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yancheng Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tiantian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuyimei Yang
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
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52
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Cai S, Liu J, Ding J, Fu Z, Li H, Xiong Y, Lian Z, Yang R, Chen C. Tumor‐Microenvironment‐Responsive Cascade Reactions by a Cobalt‐Single‐Atom Nanozyme for Synergistic Nanocatalytic Chemotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204502. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Cai
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Jianwei Ding
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhao Fu
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Haolin Li
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Sino-Danish College Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Youlin Xiong
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zheng Lian
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Rong Yang
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Sino-Danish College Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong China
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53
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Cai S, Liu J, Ding J, Fu Z, Li H, Xiong Y, Lian Z, Yang R, Chen C. Tumor‐Microenvironment‐Responsive Cascade Reactions by a Cobalt‐Single‐Atom Nanozyme for Synergistic Nanocatalytic Chemotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Cai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Jiaming Liu
- North Carolina State University Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Jianwei Ding
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Zhao Fu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Haolin Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Youlin Xiong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Zheng Lian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Rong Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CHINA
| | - Chunying Chen
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China No 11, Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian 100190 Beijing CHINA
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54
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Chang B, Zhang L, Wu S, Sun Z, Cheng Z. Engineering single-atom catalysts toward biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3688-3734. [PMID: 35420077 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00421b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to inherent structural defects, common nanocatalysts always display limited catalytic activity and selectivity, making it practically difficult for them to replace natural enzymes in a broad scope of biologically important applications. By decreasing the size of the nanocatalysts, their catalytic activity and selectivity will be substantially improved. Guided by this concept, the advances of nanocatalysts now enter an era of atomic-level precise control. Single-atom catalysts (denoted as SACs), characterized by atomically dispersed active sites, strikingly show utmost atomic utilization, precisely located metal centers, unique metal-support interactions and identical coordination environments. Such advantages of SACs drastically boost the specific activity per metal atom, and thus provide great potential for achieving superior catalytic activity and selectivity to functionally mimic or even outperform natural enzymes of interest. Although the size of the catalysts does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the smaller, the better" is still correct for developing catalysts at the single-atom scale. Thus, it is clearly a new, urgent issue to address before further extending SACs into biomedical applications, representing an important branch of nanomedicine. This review begins by providing an overview of recent advances of synthesis strategies of SACs, which serve as a basis for the discussion of emerging achievements in improving the enzyme-like catalytic properties at an atomic level. Then, we carefully compare the structures and functions of catalysts at various scales from nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and few-atom clusters to single atoms. Contrary to conventional wisdom, SACs are not the most catalytically active catalysts in specific reactions, especially those requiring multi-site auxiliary activities. After that, we highlight the unique roles of SACs toward biomedical applications. To appreciate these advances, the challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of SACs-related catalytic nanomedicine are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Liqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Shaolong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China. .,Bohai rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264000, China.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
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55
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Zhou X, Zhang S, Liu Y, Meng J, Wang M, Sun Y, Xia L, He Z, Hu W, Ren L, Chen Z, Zhang X. Antibacterial Cascade Catalytic Glutathione-Depleting MOF Nanoreactors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:11104-11115. [PMID: 35199514 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes with peroxidase-like activity have great application potential in combating pathogenic bacterial infections and are expected to become an alternative to antibiotics. However, the near-neutral pH and high glutathione (GSH) levels in the bacterial infection microenvironment severely limit their applications in antibacterial therapy. In this work, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-based cascade catalytic glutathione-depleting system named MnFe2O4@MIL/Au&GOx (MMAG) was constructed. The MMAG cascade-catalyzed glucose to provide H+ and produces a large amount of toxic reactive oxygen species. In addition, MMAG consumed GSH, which can result in bacterial death more easily. Systematic antibacterial experiments illustrated that MMAG has superior antibacterial effects on both Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jiashen Meng
- School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Muxue Wang
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoji Sun
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Linbo Xia
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhi He
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Hu
- Harvard College, Harvard University, 209 Dunster Mail Center, 945 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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56
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Wang Z, Wu F. Emerging Single-Atom Catalysts/Nanozymes for Catalytic Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101682. [PMID: 34729955 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are a type of atomically dispersed nanozymes with the highest atom utilization, which employ low-coordinated single atoms as the catalytically active sites. SACs not only inherit the merits of traditional nanozymes, but also hold high catalytic activity and superb catalytic selectivity, which ensure their tremendous application potential in environmental remediation, energy storage and conversion, chemical industry, nanomedicine, etc. Nevertheless, undesired aggregation effect of single atoms during preactivation and reaction processes is significantly enhanced owing to the high surface free energy of single atoms. In this case, appropriate substrates are requisite to prevent the aggregation event through the powerful interactions between the single atoms and the substrates, thereby stabilizing the high catalytic activity of the catalysts. In this review, the synthetic methods and characterization approaches of SACs are first described. Then the application cases of SACs in nanomedicine are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of the SACs in nanomedicine are outlined. It is hoped that this review may have implications for furthering the development of new SACs with improved biophysicochemical properties and broadened biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University 2 Sipailou Road Nanjing 210096 P. R. China
| | - Fu‐Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University 2 Sipailou Road Nanjing 210096 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University) Ministry of Education 22 Shuangyong Road Nanning 530022 P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor 22 Shuangyong Road Nanning 530022 P. R. China
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57
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Huang B, Chen M, Tian J, Zhang Y, Dai Z, Li J, Zhang W. Oxygen-Carrying and Antibacterial Fluorinated Nano-Hydroxyapatite Incorporated Hydrogels for Enhanced Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102540. [PMID: 35166460 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient oxygen availability in tissue engineering is one of the major factors for the failure of clinical transplantation. One potential strategy to conquer this limitation is the fabrication of spontaneous and continuous oxygen supplying scaffolds for in situ tissue regeneration. In this work, a versatile fluorine-incorporating hydrogel is designed which can not only timely and continuously supply oxygen for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to overcome deficient oxygen before vascularization in scaffolds, but can present a higher antibacterial capability to avoid bacterial infections. The HAp@PDA-F nanoparticles are first prepared and then incorporated with the quaternized and methacrylated chitosan forming CS/HAp@PDA-F by photo-crosslinking. In vitro results indicate that CS/HAp@PDA-F hydrogel has outstanding mechanical performance, moreover, it also has the oxygen-carrying ability to prolong survival ability, enhance proliferation activity, and preserve osteogenic differentiation potency and promote osteogenic-related genes expression of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) under hypoxic environment. Furthermore, the CS/HAp@PDA-F hydrogel can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, providing a good antibacterial activity. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrate higher bone volume and bone mineral density, and more new bone tissue generation in CS/HAp@PDA-F group than in CS/HAp@PDA group. These results indicate that the rational design of fluorinated hydrogel possesses a good clinical application prospect for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Zhizaoju Road No. 639 Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
| | - Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Yuanhao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Zhaobo Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Zhizaoju Road No. 639 Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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58
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Dong C, Yang P, Wang X, Wang H, Tang Y, Zhang H, Yu L, Chen Y, Wang W. Multifunctional Composite Nanosystems for Precise/Enhanced Sonodynamic Oxidative Tumor Treatment. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 33:1035-1048. [PMID: 34784710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound-activated therapies have been regarded as the efficient strategy for tumor treatment, among which sonosensitizer-enabled sonodynamic oxidative tumor therapy features intrinsic advantages as compared to other exogenous trigger-activated dynamic therapies. Nanomedicine-based nanosonosensitizer design has been extensively explored for improving the therapeutic efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) of tumor. This review focuses on solving two specific issues, i.e., precise and enhanced sonodynamic oxidative tumor treatment, by rationally designing and engineering multifunctional composite nanosonosensitizers. This multifunctional design can augment the therapeutic efficacy of SDT against tumor by either improving the production of reactive oxygen species or inducing the synergistic effect of SDT-based combinatorial therapies. Especially, this multifunctional design is also capable of endowing the nanosonosensitizer with bioimaging functionality, which can effectively guide and monitor the therapeutic procedure of the introduced sonodynamic oxidative tumor treatment. The design principles, underlying material chemistry for constructing multifunctional composite nanosonosensitizers, intrinsic synergistic mechanism, and bioimaging guided/monitored precise SDT are summarized and discussed in detail with the most representative paradigms. Finally, the existing critical issues, available challenges, and potential future developments of this research area are also discussed for promoting the further clinical translations of these multifunctional composite nanosonosensitizers in SDT-based tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hantao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Haixian Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Luodan Yu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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