51
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Pyne A, Kuchlyan J, Maiti C, Dhara D, Sarkar N. Cholesterol Based Surface Active Ionic Liquid That Can Form Microemulsions and Spontaneous Vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5891-5899. [PMID: 28514858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we have reported the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a novel l-glycine amino acid derived cholesterol based surface active ionic liquid (SAIL). This SAIL has been explored for the preparation of ionic liquid (IL)-in-oil microemulsions and vesicles. The formation of IL-in-oil microemulsion is characterized by construction of a ternary phase diagram, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) study, fluorescence measurement using coumarin 480 (C-480) as a molecular probe, and also by recording the diffusion behavior of the molecular probe rhodamine 6G (R6G) in microemulsion droplets through the fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) technique. Similarly, the spontaneous vesicle formation from the SAIL in water has been established using DLS, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), FCS, and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) measurements. These aggregates may potentially serve as good biomimicking models and possible drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghajit Pyne
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Jagannath Kuchlyan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Chiranjit Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibakar Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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52
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Canrinus TR, Cerpentier FJR, Feringa BL, Browne WR. Remarkable solvent isotope dependence on gelation strength in low molecular weight hydro-gelators. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1719-1722. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic/hydrophilic, π–π stacking, ionic and hydrogen bond formation interactions determine the strength of hydrogelators and here solvent deuteration and electrolyte strength impact gel melting heavily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjalling R. Canrinus
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- University of Groningen
- 9747AG Groningen
| | - Florian J. R. Cerpentier
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- University of Groningen
- 9747AG Groningen
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- University of Groningen
- 9747AG Groningen
| | - Wesley R. Browne
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- University of Groningen
- 9747AG Groningen
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53
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Dutt S, Siril PF, Remita S. Swollen liquid crystals (SLCs): a versatile template for the synthesis of nano structured materials. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26390a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Swollen liquid crystals (SLCs) are the class of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) that are usually formed by a quaternary mixture of aqueous phase, oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Dutt
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM)
- National Nanotechnology Research Center
- Bilkent University
- Ankara 06800
- Turkey
| | - Prem Felix Siril
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi-175001
- India
| | - Samy Remita
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- UMR8000
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud 11
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
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54
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Che X, Bai B, Zhang T, Zhang C, Zhang C, Zhang P, Wang H, Li M. Gelation behaviour and gel properties of two-component organogels containing a photoresponsive gelator. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01215b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the gelation behaviour and gel properties of two-component organogels consisting of 1,4-bis[(3,4-bisoctyloxyphenyl) hydrozide] phenylene (BPH-8) and a photoresponsive gelator 4-[3,5-(bisoctyloxyphenyl)]-9-anthracene formyl hydrazine (MB8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Che
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Binglian Bai
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Tianren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Chunxue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Haitao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
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55
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Paikar A, Haldar D. Dynamic self-assembled polymer: HCl responsive inversion of supramolecular polymer handedness. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Discotic trisamide formed a self-assembled polymer and exhibits inversion of supramolecular polymer handedness in the presence of HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Paikar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| | - Debasish Haldar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
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56
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Nibourg LM, Gelens E, Nibourg SAF, de Jong MR, Kuijer R, van Kooten TG, Koopmans SA. Effects of peptide ratios in nanofibre-based hydrogels for the prevention of capsular opacification. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:721-729. [PMID: 27062370 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To moderate the capsular opacification (CO) response after lens surgery, an experimental study was performed in which nanofibre-based hydrogels (nanogels) with different ratios of attached peptides were applied to provide extracellular matrix-related cues for lens epithelial cells (LECs) in a porcine eye model. METHODS The lens content was removed, and the capsules were refilled with nanogel. Lenses were divided into two groups, the first group (n = 34) was refilled with nanogels containing different ratios of two laminin-derived peptides (IKVAV + YIGSR), and the latter group (n = 26) was refilled with nanogel combinations of a fibronectin-derived and a type IV collagen-derived peptide (RGDS + DGEA). Two lenses were refilled with culture medium to investigate the effect of the medium on LECs. After refilling, lenses were extracted and cultured for 3 weeks. Lens epithelial cells (LECs) were assessed for morphology and alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Differences were seen in cell morphology between lenses refilled with nanogels with IKVAV + YIGSR and RGDS + DGEA peptides. In nanogels with IKVAV + YIGSR peptides, differences in LEC morphology were largest when ratios between the peptides were unequal, whereas LEC responses from the RGDS + DGEA refilled groups showed variation in LEC morphology dependent on the total quantity of mixed-in peptides. The culture medium did not induce proliferation or transformation of LECs. CONCLUSIONS Ratios and concentrations of cell adhesion-mediating peptides both can direct the LEC response, depending on the adhesion molecules of origin, by influencing LEC proliferation and transformation. Nanogels with incorporated peptides may be tuned towards CO prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M. Nibourg
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Ophthalmology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Simone A. F. Nibourg
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Ophthalmology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Roel Kuijer
- W.J. Kolff Institute; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Theo G. van Kooten
- W.J. Kolff Institute; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Steven A. Koopmans
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
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57
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Mahapatra RD, Dey J. Instant gels from mixtures of amines and anhydrides at room temperature. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 147:422-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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58
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Besenius P. Controlling supramolecular polymerization through multicomponent self-assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pol Besenius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 Mainz 55128 Germany
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59
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Foster JA, Damodaran KK, Maurin A, Day GM, Thompson HPG, Cameron GJ, Bernal JC, Steed JW. Pharmaceutical polymorph control in a drug-mimetic supramolecular gel. Chem Sci 2016; 8:78-84. [PMID: 28451150 PMCID: PMC5304659 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A supramolecular gel designed to chemically mimic the structure of a pharmaceutical compound controls the polymorphic outcome of the crystallization of the substrate.
We report the synthesis of a bis(urea) gelator designed to specifically mimic the chemical structure of the highly polymorphic drug substance ROY. Crystallization of ROY from toluene gels of this gelator results in the formation of the metastable red form instead of the thermodynamic yellow polymorph. In contrast, all other gels and solution control experiments give the yellow form. Conformational and crystal structure prediction methods have been used to propose the structure of the gel and show that the templation of the red form by the targeted gel results from conformational matching of the gelator to the ROY substrate coupled with overgrowth of ROY onto the local periodic structure of the gel fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Foster
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry , Science Institute , University of Iceland , Dunhagi 3 , 107 Reykjavík , Iceland
| | - Antoine Maurin
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
| | - Graeme M Day
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - Hugh P G Thompson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK
| | - Gary J Cameron
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
| | | | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
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60
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Boekhoven J, Brizard AM, Stuart MCA, Florusse L, Raffy G, Del Guerzo A, van Esch JH. Bio-inspired supramolecular materials by orthogonal self-assembly of hydrogelators and phospholipids. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6021-6031. [PMID: 30034743 PMCID: PMC6022170 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The orthogonal self-assembly of multiple components is a powerful strategy towards the formation of complex biomimetic architectures, but so far the rules for designing such systems are unclear. Here we show how to identify orthogonal self-assembly at the supramolecular level and describe guidelines to achieve self-sorting in self-assembled mixed systems. By investigating multicomponent self-assembled systems consisting of low molecular weight gelators and phospholipids, both at a molecular and a supramolecular level, we found that orthogonal self-assembly can only take place if the entities assemble via a strong and distinct set of interactions. The resulting supramolecular architectures consist of fibrillar networks that coexist with liposomes and thereby provide additional levels of compartmentalization and enhanced stability as compared to self-assembled systems of gelators or phospholipids alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Boekhoven
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - A M Brizard
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - M C A Stuart
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - L Florusse
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - G Raffy
- Univ. Bordeaux , ISM , UMR 5255 , 351 cours de la Libération , 33400 Talence , France
| | - A Del Guerzo
- Univ. Bordeaux , ISM , UMR 5255 , 351 cours de la Libération , 33400 Talence , France
| | - J H van Esch
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628BL Delft , The Netherlands .
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61
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Shigemitsu H, Fujisaku T, Onogi S, Yoshii T, Ikeda M, Hamachi I. Preparation of supramolecular hydrogel–enzyme hybrids exhibiting biomolecule-responsive gel degradation. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:1744-56. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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62
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Singh N, Zhang K, Angulo-Pachón CA, Mendes E, van Esch JH, Escuder B. Tandem reactions in self-sorted catalytic molecular hydrogels. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5568-5572. [PMID: 30034697 PMCID: PMC6021788 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01268j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By equipping mutually incompatible carboxylic acid and proline catalytic groups with different self-assembling motives we have achieved self-sorting of the resulting catalytic gelators, namely SucVal8 and ProValDoc, into different supramolecular fibers, thus preventing the acidic and basic catalytic groups from interfering with each other. The resulting spatial separation of the incompatible catalytic functions is found to be essential to achieve one-pot deacetalization-aldol tandem reactions with up to 85% efficiency and 90% enantioselectivity. On the contrary, when SucVal8 was co-assembled with a structurally similar catalytically active hydrogelator (ProVal8), self-sorting was precluded and no tandem catalysis was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Singh
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica , Universitat Jaume I , E-12071 Castelló , Spain .
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628 BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - César A Angulo-Pachón
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica , Universitat Jaume I , E-12071 Castelló , Spain .
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628 BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - Jan H van Esch
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628 BL Delft , The Netherlands .
| | - Beatriu Escuder
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica , Universitat Jaume I , E-12071 Castelló , Spain .
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63
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Versluis F, van Esch JH, Eelkema R. Synthetic Self-Assembled Materials in Biological Environments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4576-4592. [PMID: 27042774 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic self-assembly has long been recognized as an excellent approach for the formation of ordered structures on the nanoscale. Although the development of synthetic self-assembling materials has often been inspired by principles observed in nature (e.g., the assembly of lipids, DNA, proteins), until recently the self-assembly of synthetic molecules has mainly been investigated ex vivo. The past few years however, have witnessed the emergence of a research field in which synthetic, self-assembling systems are used that are capable of operating as bioactive materials in biological environments. Here, this up-and-coming field, which has the potential of becoming a key area in chemical biology and medicine, is reviewed. Two main categories of applications of self-assembly in biological environments are identified and discussed, namely therapeutic and imaging agents. Within these categories key concepts, such as triggers and molecular constraints for in vitro/in vivo self-assembly and the mode of interaction between the assemblies and the biological materials will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Versluis
- Advanced Soft Matter Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H van Esch
- Advanced Soft Matter Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Advanced Soft Matter Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL, Delft, The Netherlands
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64
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Stubenrauch C, Gießelmann F. Gelled Complex Fluids: Combining Unique Structures with Mechanical Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3268-75. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Stubenrauch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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65
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Stubenrauch C, Gießelmann F. Gelierte komplexe Fluide - die Verbindung einzigartiger Strukturen mit mechanischer Stabilität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Stubenrauch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
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66
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Kaufmann L, Kennedy SR, Jones CD, Steed JW. Cavity-containing supramolecular gels as a crystallization tool for hydrophobic pharmaceuticals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10113-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present two approaches to low-molecular-weight supramolecular gels bearing hydrophobic cavities based on calixarene-containing building blocks.
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67
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Du X, Zhou J, Shi J, Xu B. Supramolecular Hydrogelators and Hydrogels: From Soft Matter to Molecular Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13165-307. [PMID: 26646318 PMCID: PMC4936198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1292] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this review we intend to provide a relatively comprehensive summary of the work of supramolecular hydrogelators after 2004 and to put emphasis particularly on the applications of supramolecular hydrogels/hydrogelators as molecular biomaterials. After a brief introduction of methods for generating supramolecular hydrogels, we discuss supramolecular hydrogelators on the basis of their categories, such as small organic molecules, coordination complexes, peptides, nucleobases, and saccharides. Following molecular design, we focus on various potential applications of supramolecular hydrogels as molecular biomaterials, classified by their applications in cell cultures, tissue engineering, cell behavior, imaging, and unique applications of hydrogelators. Particularly, we discuss the applications of supramolecular hydrogelators after they form supramolecular assemblies but prior to reaching the critical gelation concentration because this subject is less explored but may hold equally great promise for helping address fundamental questions about the mechanisms or the consequences of the self-assembly of molecules, including low molecular weight ones. Finally, we provide a perspective on supramolecular hydrogelators. We hope that this review will serve as an updated introduction and reference for researchers who are interested in exploring supramolecular hydrogelators as molecular biomaterials for addressing the societal needs at various frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
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68
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Kubo T, Kuroda K, Naito T, Mukai SA, Sano T, Akiyoshi K, Otsuka K. Simple Preparation and Characterization of Viscoelastic Gels Induced by Multiple Intermolecular Interactions Using Low-Molecular-Weight Species. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kubo
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Toyohiro Naito
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Sada-atsu Mukai
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
- The Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Bio-nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura Int’tech Center
| | - Tomoharu Sano
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
- The Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Bio-nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura Int’tech Center
| | - Koji Otsuka
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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Mandal SK, Mandal D, Das PK. Synthesis of a Low-Molecular-Weight Fluorescent Ambidextrous Gelator: Development of Graphene- and Graphene-Oxide-Included Gel Nanocomposites. Chempluschem 2015; 81:213-221. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Kanti Mandal
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Deep Mandal
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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Newcomb CJ, Sur S, Ortony JH, Lee OS, Matson JB, Boekhoven J, Yu JM, Schatz GC, Stupp SI. Cell death versus cell survival instructed by supramolecular cohesion of nanostructures. Nat Commun 2015; 5:3321. [PMID: 24531236 PMCID: PMC3982852 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring peptides containing cationic and hydrophobic domains have evolved to interact with mammalian cell membranes and have been incorporated into materials for non-viral gene delivery, cancer therapy, or treatment of microbial infections. Their electrostatic attraction to the negatively charged cell surface and hydrophobic interactions with the membrane lipids enable intracellular delivery or cell lysis. While the effects of hydrophobicity and cationic charge of soluble molecules on the cell membrane are well known, the interactions between materials with these molecular features and cells remain poorly understood. Here we report that varying the cohesive forces within nanofibres of supramolecular materials with nearly identical cationic and hydrophobic structure instruct cell death or cell survival. Weak intermolecular bonds promote cell death through disruption of lipid membranes, while materials reinforced by hydrogen bonds support cell viability. These findings provide new strategies to design biomaterials that interact with the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Newcomb
- 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2]
| | - Shantanu Sur
- 1] The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [2]
| | - Julia H Ortony
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - One-Sun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - John B Matson
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Job Boekhoven
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Jeong Min Yu
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2] Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2] The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [3] Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [4] Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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71
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Nibourg LM, Gelens E, de Jong MR, Kuijer R, van Kooten TG, Koopmans SA. Nanofiber-based hydrogels with extracellular matrix-based synthetic peptides for the prevention of capsular opacification. Exp Eye Res 2015; 143:60-7. [PMID: 26474493 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanofiber-based hydrogels (nanogels) with different, covalently bound peptides were used as an extracellular environment for lens epithelial cells (LECs) in order to modulate the capsular opacification (CO) response after lens surgery in a porcine eye model. Lenses were divided into 15 groups (n = 4 per group), the lens content was removed and the empty capsules were refilled with nanogel without peptides and nanogels with 13 combinations of 5 different peptides: two laminin-derived, two fibronectin-derived, and one collagen IV-derived peptide representing cell adhesion motifs. A control group of 4 lenses was refilled with hyaluronan. After refilling, lenses were extracted from the porcine eye and cultured for three weeks. LECs were assessed for morphology and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Compared to hyaluronan controls, lenses filled with nanogel had less CO formation, indicated by a lower αSMA expression (P = 0.004). Microscopy showed differences in morphological cell response within the nanogel refilled groups. αSMA expression in these groups was highest in lenses refilled with nanogel without peptides (9.54 ± 11.29%). Overall, LEC transformation is reduced by the presence of nanogels and the response is improved even further by incorporation of extracellular matrix peptides representing adhesion motifs. Thus, nanomaterials targeting biological pathways, in our case interactions with integrin signaling, are a promising avenue toward reduction of CO. Further research is needed to optimize nanogel-peptide combinations that fully prevent CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M Nibourg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Ophthalmology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Laboratory for Experimental Ophthalmology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Edith Gelens
- Nano Fiber Matrices B.V., Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Menno R de Jong
- Nano Fiber Matrices B.V., Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Kuijer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Kooten
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven A Koopmans
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Ophthalmology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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72
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Yang C, Wang Z, Ou C, Chen M, Wang L, Yang Z. A supramolecular hydrogelator of curcumin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:9413-5. [PMID: 25007863 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03139c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we report on the first supramolecular hydrogelator of curcumin and the evaluation of its inhibition capacity towards cancer cells and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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73
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Kuwahara RY, Yamagishi H, Hashimoto K, Tamesue S, Yamauchi T, Tsubokawa N. Easy preparation and characterization of conducting polymer-low molecular weight organogel system. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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74
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Yoshii T, Onogi S, Shigemitsu H, Hamachi I. Chemically Reactive Supramolecular Hydrogel Coupled with a Signal Amplification System for Enhanced Analyte Sensitivity. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3360-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5131534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Yoshii
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shoji Onogi
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hajime Shigemitsu
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), CREST, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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75
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Francis DV, Harper JB, Read RW. Fluorous 1,2,3-Triazol-4-ylmethyl Amines and Amine Derivatives for Novel Surfactant Applications. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorous surfactants with additional functionality were generated through the attachment of substituents at the amino nitrogen atom of the surfactant moiety. Examples of molecules containing one and two triazole ring systems were synthesized through N-alkylation and N-acylation strategies.
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76
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Abstract
We discuss the potential and challenges of multicomponent low molecular weight gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Raeburn
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
| | - Dave J. Adams
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
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77
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Lange SC, Unsleber J, Drücker P, Galla HJ, Waller MP, Ravoo BJ. pH response and molecular recognition in a low molecular weight peptide hydrogel. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:561-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02069c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and characterization of a tripeptide based hydrogel, which possesses characteristic rheological properties, is pH responsive and can be functionalized at its thiol function is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie C. Lange
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jan Unsleber
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Patrick Drücker
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Galla
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Mark P. Waller
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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78
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Clemente MJ, Tejedor RM, Romero P, Fitremann J, Oriol L. Photoresponsive supramolecular gels based on amphiphiles with azobenzene and maltose or polyethyleneglycol polar head. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular gelators have been synthesized using PEG or d-maltose as polar head. Incorporation of azobenzene photoresponsive moieties allows controlling the supramolecular gel structure, including a reversible gel–sol transition using light as external stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Clemente
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Dpto. Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
| | - Rosa María Tejedor
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa
- Academia General Militar
- 50090 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Pilar Romero
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Dpto. Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
| | - Juliette Fitremann
- Université de Toulouse
- Laboratoire des IMRCP
- UMR CNRS 5623
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Toulouse Cedex 9
| | - Luis Oriol
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Dpto. Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
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79
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Buendía J, Matesanz E, Smith DK, Sánchez L. Multi-component supramolecular gels for the controlled crystallization of drugs: synergistic and antagonistic effects. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01293g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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80
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Laupheimer M, Sottmann T, Schweins R, Stubenrauch C. Studying orthogonal self-assembled systems: microstructure of gelled bicontinuous microemulsions. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:8744-8757. [PMID: 25271704 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01639d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An orthogonal self-assembled system consists of different structures which coexist independently. Furthermore, the characteristic properties of the respective "base systems", i.e. of the systems which contain only one of the structures, are retained in the orthogonal self-assembled system. We have identified gelled bicontinuous microemulsions as orthogonal self-assembled systems and reported in a preceding paper (Soft Matter, 2013, 9, 3661) that their phase behaviour and rheological properties are in perfect agreement with those of the two base systems, namely a non-gelled bicontinuous microemulsion and a binary gel. In the paper at hand we present the results of structural investigations. With FT-PGSE (1)H-NMR measurements we verified the bicontinuity of our gelled model system H2O-n-decane/12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (12-HOA)-tetraethylene glycol monodecyl ether (C10E4) at appropriate temperatures. Apart from that, we proved the coexistence of the bicontinuous microemulsion domains with the gelator network in a small angle neutron scattering (SANS) study. A qualitative comparison between the SANS data of the gelled bicontinuous microemulsion and those of its base systems reveals that the characteristic scattering features of both base systems are present. Moreover, we were able to quantitatively describe and interpret the SANS data, yielding at the same time the structural parameters of the bicontinuous microemulsion and the gelator network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Laupheimer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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81
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Colquhoun C, Draper ER, Eden EGB, Cattoz BN, Morris KL, Chen L, McDonald TO, Terry AE, Griffiths PC, Serpell LC, Adams DJ. The effect of self-sorting and co-assembly on the mechanical properties of low molecular weight hydrogels. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:13719-25. [PMID: 25285577 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04039b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Self-sorting in low molecular weight hydrogels can be achieved using a pH triggered approach. We show here that this method can be used to prepare gels with different types of mechanical properties. Cooperative, disruptive or orthogonal assembled systems can be produced. Gels with interesting behaviour can be also prepared, for example self-sorted gels where delayed switch-on of gelation occurs. By careful choice of gelator, co-assembled structures can also be generated, which leads to synergistic strengthening of the mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Colquhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K.
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82
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Wei Q, Schlaich C, Prévost S, Schulz A, Böttcher C, Gradzielski M, Qi Z, Haag R, Schalley CA. Supramolecular polymers as surface coatings: rapid fabrication of healable superhydrophobic and slippery surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:7358-7364. [PMID: 25236438 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymerization for non-wetting surface coatings is described. The self-assembly of low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) with perfluorinated side chains can be utilized to rapidly construct superhydrophobic, as well as liquid-infused slippery surfaces within minutes. The lubricated slippery surface exhibits impressive repellency to biological li-quids, such as human serum and blood, and very fast self-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Helmholtz Virtual Institute Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Kantstraβe 55, 14513, Teltow-Seehof, Germany
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83
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Wickremasinghe N, Kumar VA, Hartgerink JD. Two-step self-assembly of liposome-multidomain peptide nanofiber hydrogel for time-controlled release. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3587-95. [PMID: 25308335 PMCID: PMC4195521 DOI: 10.1021/bm500856c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progress in self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry has been directed toward obtaining macromolecular assemblies with higher degrees of complexity, simulating the highly structured environment in natural systems. One approach to this type of complexity are multistep, multicomponent, self-assembling systems that allow approaches comparable to traditional multistep synthetic organic chemistry; however, only a few examples of this approach have appeared in the literature. Our previous work demonstrated nanofibrous mimics of the extracellular matrix. Here we demonstrate the ability to create a unique hydrogel, developed by stepwise self-assembly of multidomain peptide fibers and liposomes. The two-component system allows for controlled release of bioactive factors at multiple time points. The individual components of the self-assembled gel and the composite hydrogel were characterized by TEM, SEM, and rheometry, demonstrating that peptide nanofibers and lipid vesicles both retain their structural integrity in the composite gel. The rheological robustness of the hydrogel is shown to be largely unaffected by the presence of liposomes. Release studies from the composite gels loaded with different growth factors EGF, MCP-1, and PlGF-1 showed delay and prolongation of release by liposomes entrapped in the hydrogel compared to more rapid release from the hydrogel alone. This bimodal release system may have utility in systems where timed cascades of biological signals may be valuable, such as in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navindee
C. Wickremasinghe
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Rice University, Bioscience Research
Collaborative, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Vivek A. Kumar
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Rice University, Bioscience Research
Collaborative, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Hartgerink
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Rice University, Bioscience Research
Collaborative, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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84
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Mandal SK, Brahmachari S, Das PK. In Situ Synthesised Silver Nanoparticle-InfusedL-Lysine-Based Injectable Hydrogel: Development of a Biocompatible, Antibacterial, Soft Nanocomposite. Chempluschem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201402269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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85
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Fleming S, Ulijn RV. Design of nanostructures based on aromatic peptide amphiphiles. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:8150-77. [PMID: 25199102 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00247d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic peptide amphiphiles are gaining popularity as building blocks for the bottom-up fabrication of nanomaterials, including gels. These materials combine the simplicity of small molecules with the versatility of peptides, with a range of applications proposed in biomedicine, nanotechnology, food science, cosmetics, etc. Despite their simplicity, a wide range of self-assembly behaviours have been described. Due to varying conditions and protocols used, care should be taken when attempting to directly compare results from the literature. In this review, we rationalise the structural features which govern the self-assembly of aromatic peptide amphiphiles by focusing on four segments, (i) the N-terminal aromatic component, (ii) linker segment, (iii) peptide sequence, and (iv) C-terminus. It is clear that the molecular structure of these components significantly influences the self-assembly process and resultant supramolecular architectures. A number of modes of assembly have been proposed, including parallel, antiparallel, and interlocked antiparallel stacking conformations. In addition, the co-assembly arrangements of aromatic peptide amphiphiles are reviewed. Overall, this review elucidates the structural trends and design rules that underpin the field of aromatic peptide amphiphile assembly, paving the way to a more rational design of nanomaterials based on aromatic peptide amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Fleming
- WestCHEM/Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK.
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86
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87
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Shen H, Niu L, Fan K, Li J, Guan X, Song J. Application of solubility parameters in 1,3:2,4-bis(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol organogel in binary organic mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9176-9182. [PMID: 25019199 DOI: 10.1021/la5019532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The gelation behavior of 1,3:2,4-bis(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol (DMDBS) in binary solvents has been systematically investigated. DMDBS is soluble in DMSO and insoluble in toluene (apolar) or 1-propanol (polar). When DMSO is added to a poor solvent at a certain volume fraction, DMDBS forms an organogel in the mixed solvent. With increasing DMSO content, the minimum gelation concentration increases and the gel-to-sol transition temperature decreases in both systems. However, compared with those in toluene-DMSO mixtures, the gelation ability and thermal stability are better in 1-propanol-DMSO mixtures. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal that the gelators aggregate to form three-dimensional networks. X-ray diffraction shows that the gel has a lamellar structure, which is different from the structure of the precipitate. Fourier transform infrared results reveal H-bonding is the main driving force for self-aggregation and indicate that stronger H-bonding interactions exist between gelators in 1-propanol-DMSO mixtures in contrast with toluene-DMSO mixtures. Attempts have been taken to correlate solvent parameters to gelation behavior in binary solvents. A Teas plot exhibits distinctly different solvent zones in the studied mixed solvents. The polar parameter (δp) indicates a narrow favorable domain for gel formation in the range of 1.64-7.99 MPa(1/2) for some apolar solvent-DMSO mixtures. The hydrogen-bonding parameter (δh) predicts that gelation occurs for values of 14.00-16.50 MPa(1/2) for some polar solvent-DMSO mixtures. The result may have potential applications in predicting the gelation behavior of 1,3:2,4-di-O-benzylidene-d-sorbitol derivatives in mixed solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
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88
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Hu XY, Xiao T, Lin C, Huang F, Wang L. Dynamic supramolecular complexes constructed by orthogonal self-assembly. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2041-51. [PMID: 24873508 DOI: 10.1021/ar5000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Supramolecular complexes, including various low-molecular-mass structures and large molecular aggregates that are assembled by reversible and highly directional noncovalent interactions, have attracted more and more attention due to their fascinating and unconventional chemical and physical properties that are different from those of traditional architectures encountered by covalently linked backbones. Supramolecular complexes are by nature dynamic architectures considering the reversibility of noncovalent interactions by which small molecular monomers can assemble into specific architectures that are able to be repeatably reorganized through the assembly/disassembly processes under certain environmental factors such as temperature, concentration, and solvent conditions. The construction of supramolecular complexes by orthogonal self-assembly with different types of highly specific, noninterfering interactions is currently attracting considerable interest since they not only can dynamically self-assemble, but also can be tuned by various external stimuli through addressing each type of noncovalent interaction separately. Therefore, these dynamic supramolecular complexes, especially with external responsiveness, represent the most outstanding candidates for the future development of functional and smart materials, and even mimic the assembling process of natural systems. In this Account, we will summarize the recent advances of dynamic supramolecular complexes constructed by orthogonal self-assembly in soluiton in two sections: (1) Construction strategies for supramolecular complexes based on orthogonal self-assembly, whose dynamic behaviors with external responsiveness were not experimentally investigated but potentially existed due to the intrinsic reversibility of noncovalent bonds; (2) dynamic behaviors of multiresponsive supramolecular complexes, which were experimentally reported to exhibit reversible multi-responsiveness to external stimuli. Dynamic nature is one of intrinsic properties of supramolecular complexes constructed by self-assembly. Therefore, in the first section, we will describe the dynamic self-assembly in the construction of supramolecular complexes, but will focus on their external responsive dynamic behaviors in the second section. In addition, considering that an increasing number of supramolecular complexes constructed by biological building blocks through bio-orthogonal assembly as mimics of biological systems have been reported in recent years, in the second section we will also present some typical examples on such special dynamic biological supramolecular complexes. The final part of this Account is devoted to foreseeing the rapid development of dynamic supramolecular complexes toward applications in functional and smart materials and fundamental questions facing dynamic supramolecular complexes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tangxin Xiao
- Key
Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Key
Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Leyong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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89
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Qi Z, Schalley CA. Exploring macrocycles in functional supramolecular gels: from stimuli responsiveness to systems chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2222-33. [PMID: 24937365 DOI: 10.1021/ar500193z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Supramolecular gels are ideal candidates for soft, stimuli-responsive materials, because they combine the elastic behavior of solids with the microviscous properties of fluids. The dynamic networks of fibers in supramolecular gels are reminiscent of the cytoskeleton of a cell and provide scaffolds to implement function. When gels are made responsive to stimuli, these mechanical properties can be controlled. Gel-sol transitions also open opportunities to immobilize molecules inside the gel's cavities and to release them on demand. To establish selective responsiveness, suitable recognition sites are required influencing the properties of the fiber network depending on the presence of the stimulus. Supramolecular gels are expected to be stimuli-responsive per se, for example, to temperature, mechanical stress, or an environment that is competitive with the noncovalent interactions connecting the low-molecular weight gelators. Nevertheless, the opportunities for controlling the mechanical properties are rather limited, if one merely relies on interfering with these interactions. It would be much more promising to equip the gel with additional receptor sites that offer selectivity for a broader variety of chemical stimuli. Macrocycles often exhibit a distinct host-guest chemistry and thus are excellent candidates for this purpose. A broad variety of macrocycles differing with respect to structure, topology, solubility, or biocompatibility have been incorporated in gels and endow gels with responsiveness and function. Macrocycles can have different roles: They offer rather rigid scaffolds for the construction of structurally well-defined gelator molecules. Furthermore, their host-guest interactions can be integral to gel formation, if these interactions are required to build the gel fibers. Finally, macrocycles can also be functional groups with which gelators are equipped that would also form gels in the absence of the macrocycle. Here, the macrocycle can be used as a binding site to allow additional stimuli control. To combine different stimuli for triggering gel-sol transitions certainly expands the options for establishing stimuli responsiveness. If, for example, an agent trapped inside the gel is only liberated when two different stimuli are present simultaneously, its release can be controlled with much higher precision and selectivity compared with a gel that responds to one stimulus only. In this Account, the recent progress in the construction of functional macrocycle-containing supramolecular gels is summarized. First, recent strategies to engineer responsiveness into macrocycle-containing gels are discussed. Next, different functions are presented including applications as responsive reaction media, for controlled drug-delivery or tissue engineering, and as self-healing materials. Finally, we highlight the recent progress in designing macrocycle-containing supramolecular gel materials exhibiting complex behavior. This field is part of systems chemistry and still in its infancy but appears to be one of the most promising routes to smart responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Qi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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90
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Dhasaiyan P, Pandey PR, Visaveliya N, Roy S, Prasad BLV. Vesicle Structures from Bolaamphiphilic Biosurfactants: Experimental and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies on the Effect of Unsaturation on Sophorolipid Self‐Assemblies. Chemistry 2014; 20:6246-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Dhasaiyan
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (411 008) India
| | - Prithvi Raj Pandey
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (411 008) India
| | - Nikunjkumar Visaveliya
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (411 008) India
| | - Sudip Roy
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (411 008) India
| | - B. L. V. Prasad
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune (411 008) India
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91
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Bajani D, Laskar P, Dey J. Spontaneously Formed Robust Steroidal Vesicles: Physicochemical Characterization and Interaction with HSA. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:4561-70. [PMID: 24707889 DOI: 10.1021/jp500323e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepnath Bajani
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur − 721 302, West Bengal, India
| | - Partha Laskar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur − 721 302, West Bengal, India
| | - Joykrishna Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur − 721 302, West Bengal, India
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92
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Fleming S, Debnath S, Frederix PWJM, Hunt NT, Ulijn RV. Insights into the coassembly of hydrogelators and surfactants based on aromatic peptide amphiphiles. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1171-84. [PMID: 24568678 DOI: 10.1021/bm401720z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The coassembly of small molecules is a useful means of increasing the complexity and functionality of their resultant supramolecular constructs in a modular fashion. In this study, we explore the assembly and coassembly of serine surfactants and tyrosine-leucine hydrogelators, capped at the N-termini with either fluorenyl-9-methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) or pyrene. These systems all exhibit self-assembly behavior, which is influenced by aromatic stacking interactions, while the hydrogelators also exhibit β-sheet-type arrangements, which reinforce their supramolecular structures. We provide evidence for three distinct supramolecular coassembly models; cooperative, disruptive, and orthogonal. The coassembly mode adopted depends on whether the individual constituents (I) are sufficiently different, such that effective segregation and orthogonal assembly occurs; (II) adhere to a communal mode of self-assembly; or (III) act to compromise the assembly of one another via incorporation and disruption. We find that a greater scope for controllable coassembly exists within orthogonal systems; which show minimal relative changes in the native gelator's supramolecular structure by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy. This is indicative of the segregation of orthogonal coassembly constituents into distinct domains, where surfactant chemical functionality is presented at the surface of the gelator's supramolecular fibers. Overall, this work provides new insights into the design of modular coassembly systems, which have the potential to augment the chemical and physical properties of existing gelator systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Fleming
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, United Kingdom
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93
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Kong Q, Liao Q, Xu Z, Wang X, Yao J, Fu H. Epitaxial self-assembly of binary molecular components into branched nanowire heterostructures for photonic applications. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2382-8. [PMID: 24446808 DOI: 10.1021/ja410069k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a sequential epitaxial growth to prepare organic branched nanowire heterostructures (BNwHs) consisting of a microribbon trunk of 1,4-dimethoxy-2,5-di[4'-(cyano)styryl]benzene (COPV) with multiple nanowire branches of 2,4,5-triphenylimidazole (TPI) in a one-pot solution synthesis. The synthesis involves a seeded-growth process, where COPV microribbons are grown first as a trunk followed by a seeded-growth of TPI nanowire branches at the pregrown trunk surfaces. Selected area electron diffraction characterizations reveal that multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions between TPI and COPV components play an essential role in the epitaxial growth as a result of the structural matching between COPV and TPI crystals. A multichannel optical router was successfully realized on the basis of the passive waveguides of COPV green photoluminescence (PL) along TPI nanowire branches in a single organic BNwH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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94
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Foster JA, Edkins RM, Cameron GJ, Colgin N, Fucke K, Ridgeway S, Crawford AG, Marder TB, Beeby A, Cobb SL, Steed JW. Blending gelators to tune gel structure and probe anion-induced disassembly. Chemistry 2014; 20:279-91. [PMID: 24302604 PMCID: PMC3994942 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Blending different low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) provides a convenient route to tune the properties of a gel and incorporate functionalities such as fluorescence. Blending a series of gelators having a common bis-urea motif, and functionalised with different amino acid-derived end-groups and differing length alkylene spacers is reported. Fluorescent gelators incorporating 1- and 2-pyrenyl moieties provide a probe of the mixed systems alongside structural and morphological data from powder diffraction and electron microscopy. Characterisation of the individual gelators reveals that although the expected α-urea tape motif is preserved, there is considerable variation in the gelation properties, molecular packing, fibre morphology and rheological behaviour. Mixing of the gelators revealed examples in which: 1) the gels formed separate, orthogonal networks maintaining their own packing and morphology, 2) the gels blended together into a single network, either adopting the packing and morphology of one gelator, or 3) a new structure not seen for either of the gelators individually was created. The strong binding of the urea functionalities to anions was exploited as a means of breaking down the gel structure, and the use of fluorescent gel blends provides new insights into anion-mediated gel dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Foster
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Robert M Edkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Gary J Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Neil Colgin
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Katharina Fucke
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Sam Ridgeway
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Andrew G Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Andrew Beeby
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Steven L Cobb
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, University of DurhamSouth Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (UK)
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95
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Himmelein S, Lewe V, Stuart MCA, Ravoo BJ. A carbohydrate-based hydrogel containing vesicles as responsive non-covalent cross-linkers. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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96
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Kumar DK, Steed JW. Supramolecular gel phase crystallization: orthogonal self-assembly under non-equilibrium conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:2080-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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97
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Xing P, Chu X, Ma M, Li S, Hao A. Supramolecular gel from folic acid with multiple responsiveness, rapid self-recovery and orthogonal self-assemblies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:8346-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00367e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular gel with multi-responsiveness, self-healing properties and concentration dependent orthogonal self-assemblies are constructed from folic acid via a solvent strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Mingfang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shangyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100, PR China
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98
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Gillissen MAJ, Koenigs MME, Spiering JJH, Vekemans JAJM, Palmans ARA, Voets IK, Meijer EW. Triple helix formation in amphiphilic discotics: demystifying solvent effects in supramolecular self-assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 136:336-43. [PMID: 24313787 DOI: 10.1021/ja4104183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of chiral, amphiphilic, self-assembling discotic molecules based on the 3,3'-bis(acylamino)-2,2'-bipyridine-substituted benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide motif (BiPy-BTA) was prepared. Amphiphilicity was induced into the discotic molecules by an asymmetrical distribution of alkyl and oligo(ethylene oxide) groups in the periphery of the molecules. Small-angle X-ray scattering, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy measurements were performed on the discotic amphiphiles in mixtures of water and alcohol at temperatures between 0 °C an 90 °C. The combined results show that these amphiphilic discotic molecules self-assemble into supramolecular fibers consisting of either one or three discotic molecules in the fiber cross-section and that the presence of water induces the bundling of the supramolecular fibers. The rich phase behavior observed for these molecules proves to be intimately connected to the mixing thermodynamics of the water-alcohol mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn A J Gillissen
- Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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99
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Raeburn J, Zamith Cardoso A, Adams DJ. The importance of the self-assembly process to control mechanical properties of low molecular weight hydrogels. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5143-56. [PMID: 23571407 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels can be formed by the self-assembly of certain small molecules in water. Self-assembly occurs via non-covalent interactions. The self-assembly leads to the formation of fibrous structures which form the matrix of the gel. The mechanical properties of the gels arise from the properties of the fibres themselves (thickness, persistence length etc.), the number and type of cross-links and also how the fibres are distributed in space (the microstructure). We discuss here the effect of assembling the molecules under different conditions, i.e. the self-assembly process. There is sufficient literature showing that how the molecules are assembled can have a significant effect on the properties of the resulting gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Raeburn
- University of Liverpool - Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
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100
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Javid N, Roy S, Zelzer M, Yang Z, Sefcik J, Ulijn RV. Cooperative self-assembly of peptide gelators and proteins. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:4368-76. [PMID: 24256076 PMCID: PMC4374667 DOI: 10.1021/bm401319c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly provides a versatile route for the production of nanoscale materials for medical and technological applications. Herein, we demonstrate that the cooperative self-assembly of amphiphilic small molecules and proteins can have drastic effects on supramolecular nanostructuring of resulting materials. We report that mesoscale, fractal-like clusters of proteins form at concentrations that are orders of magnitude lower compared to those usually associated with molecular crowding at room temperature. These protein clusters have pronounced effects on the molecular self-assembly of aromatic peptide amphiphiles (fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl- dipeptides), resulting in a reversal of chiral organization and enhanced order through templating and binding. Moreover, the morphological and mechanical properties of the resultant nanostructured gels can be controlled by the cooperative self-assembly of peptides and protein fractal clusters, having implications for biomedical applications where proteins and peptides are both present. In addition, fundamental insights into cooperative interplay of molecular interactions and confinement by clusters of chiral macromolecules is relevant to gaining understanding of the molecular mechanisms of relevance to the origin of life and development of synthetic mimics of living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Javid
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Sangita Roy
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Mischa Zelzer
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Zhimou Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jan Sefcik
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Rein V. Ulijn
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K.
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