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Wang L, Li D, Jiang G, Hu X, Peng R, Song Z, Zhang H, Fan P, Zhong M. Dual-Energy-Barrier Stable Superhydrophobic Structures for Long Icing Delay. ACS Nano 2024. [PMID: 38698739 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Using superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) with the water-repellent Cassie-Baxter (CB) state is widely acknowledged as an effective approach for anti-icing performances. Nonetheless, the CB state is susceptible to diverse physical phenomena (e.g., vapor condensation, gas contraction, etc.) at low temperatures, resulting in the transition to the sticky Wenzel state and the loss of anti-icing capabilities. SHSs with various micronanostructures have been empirically examined for enhancing the CB stability; however, the energy barrier transits from the metastable CB state to the stable Wenzel state and thus the CB stability enhancement is currently not enough to guarantee a well and appliable anti-icing performance at low temperatures. Here, we proposed a dual-energy-barrier design strategy on superhydrophobic micronanostructures. Rather than the typical single energy barrier of the conventional CB-to-Wenzel transition, we introduced two CB states (i.e., CB I and CB II), where the state transition needed to go through CB I and CB II then to Wenzel state, thus significantly improving the entire CB stability. We applied ultrafast laser to fabricate this dual-energy-barrier micronanostructures, established a theoretical framework, and performed a series of experiments. The anti-icing performances were exhibited with long delay icing times (over 27,000 s) and low ice-adhesion strengths (0.9 kPa). The kinetic mechanism underpinning the enhanced CB anti-icing stability was elucidated and attributed to the preferential liquid pinning in the shallow closed structures, enabling the higher CB-Wenzel transition energy barrier to sustain the CB state. Comprehensive durability tests further corroborated the potentials of the designed dual-energy-barrier structures for anti-icing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong Wang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Daizhou Li
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Guochen Jiang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rui Peng
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Song
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Peixun Fan
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Minlin Zhong
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials & Anti-icing of Tsinghua University (SMSE)-AVIC ARI, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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2
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Chen L, Shi D, Kang X, Ma C, Zheng Q. Deep Learning Enabled Comprehensive Evaluation of Jumping-Droplet Condensation and Frosting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38693061 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Superhydrophobicity-enabled jumping-droplet condensation and frosting have great potential in various engineering applications, ranging from heat transfer processes to antifog/frost techniques. However, monitoring such droplets is challenging due to the high frequency of droplet behaviors, cross-scale distribution of droplet sizes, and diversity of surface morphologies. Leveraging deep learning, we develop a semisupervised framework that monitors the optical observable process of condensation and frosting. This system is adept at identifying transient droplet distributions and dynamic activities, such as droplet coalescence, jumping, and frosting, on a variety of superhydrophobic surfaces. Utilizing this transient and dynamic information, various physical properties, such as heat flux, jumping characteristics, and frosting rate, can be further quantified, conveying the heat transfer and antifrost performances of each surface perceptually and comprehensively. Furthermore, this framework relies on only a small amount of annotated data and can efficiently adapt to new condensation conditions with varying surface morphologies and illumination techniques. This adaptability is beneficial for optimizing surface designs to enhance condensation heat transfer and antifrosting performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Diwei Shi
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyue Kang
- School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Quanshui Zheng
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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3
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Li X, Wang C, Hu Y, Cheng Z, Xu T, Chen Z, Yong J, Wu D. Multifunctional Electrostatic Droplet Manipulation on the Femtosecond Laser-Prepared Slippery Surfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18154-18163. [PMID: 38547460 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A strategy to manipulate droplets on the lubricated slippery surfaces using tribostatic electricity is proposed. By employing femtosecond laser-induced porous microstructures, we prepared a slippery surface with ultralow adhesion to various liquids. Electrostatic induction causes the charges within the droplet to be redistributed; thus, the droplet on the as-prepared slippery surfaces can be guided by electrostatic force under the electrostatic field, with controllable sliding direction and unlimited transport distance. The combination of electrostatic interaction and slippery surfaces allows us to manipulate droplets with a wide volume range (from 100 nL to 0.5 mL), charged droplets (including electrostatic attraction and repulsion), corrosive droplets, and even organic droplets with ultralow surface tension. In addition, droplets on tilted surfaces, curved surfaces, and inverted slippery surfaces can also be manipulated. Especially, the slippery surfaces can even allow the electrostatic interaction to manipulate alcohol with surface tension as low as 22.3 mN/m and liquid droplets suspended on a downward surface, which is not possible with reported superhydrophobic substrates. The features of slippery surfaces make the electrostatic manipulation successfully applied in versatile droplet manipulation, droplet patterning, chemical microreaction, transport of solid cargo, targeted delivery of chemicals, and liquid sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Youdi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zhenrui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Yong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
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4
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Tan J, Fan Z, Zhou M, Liu T, Sun S, Chen G, Song Y, Wang Z, Jiang D. Orbital Electrowetting-on-Dielectric for Droplet Manipulation on Superhydrophobic Surfaces. Adv Mater 2024:e2314346. [PMID: 38582970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD), recognized as the most successful electrical droplet actuation method, is essential in diverse applications, ranging from thermal management to microfluidics and water harvesting. Despite significant advances, it remains challenging to achieve repeatability, high speed, and simple circuitry in EWOD-based droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces. Moreover, its efficient operation typically requires electrode arrays and sophisticated circuit control. Here, a newly observed droplet manipulation phenomenon on superhydrophobic surfaces with orbital EWOD (OEW) is reported. Due to the asymmetric electrowetting force generated on the orbit, flexible and versatile droplet manipulation is facilitated with OEW. It is demonstrated that OEW droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces exhibits higher speed (up to 5 times faster), enhanced functionality (antigravity), and manipulation of diverse liquids (acid, base, salt, organic, e.g., methyl blue, artificial blood) without contamination, and good durability after 1000 tests. It is envisioned that this robust droplet manipulation strategy using OEW will provide a valuable platform for various processes involving droplets, spanning from microfluidic devices to controllable chemical reactions. The previously unreported droplet manipulation phenomenon and control strategy shown here can potentially upgrade EWOD-based microfluidics, antifogging, anti-icing, dust removal, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tan
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, 110042, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zeng Fan
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Shulan Sun
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, 110042, P. R. China
| | - Guijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yongchen Song
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Dongyue Jiang
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, 110042, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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5
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Cao Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Wu Y, You C, Li H, Duan H, Huang J, Lv P. Water Impalement Resistance and Drag Reduction of the Superhydrophobic Surface with Hydrophilic Strips. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:16973-16982. [PMID: 38502909 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) offer versatile applications by trapping an air layer within microstructures, while water jet impact can destabilize this air layer and deactivate the functions of the SHS. The current work presents for the first time that introducing parallel hydrophilic strips to SHS (SHS-s) can simultaneously improve both water impalement resistance and drag reduction (DR). Compared with SHS, SHS-s demonstrates a 125% increase in the enduring time against the impact of water jet with velocity of 11.9 m/s and a 97% improvement in DR at a Reynolds number of 1.4 × 104. The key mechanism lies in the enhanced stability of the air layer due to air confinement by the adjacent three-phase contact lines. These lines not only impede air drainage through the surface microstructures during water jet impact, entrapping the air layer to resist water impalement, but also prevent air floating up due to buoyancy in Taylor-Couette flow, ensuring an even spread of the air layer all over the rotor, boosting DR. Moreover, failure modes of SHS under water jet impact are revealed to be related to air layer decay and surface structure destruction. This mass-producible structured surface holds the potential for widespread use in DR for hulls, autonomous underwater vehicles, and submarines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangpei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanchen Wu
- Institute for Applied Materials-Microstructure Modeling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Strasse am Forum 7, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Pl. 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Chenxi You
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pengyu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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6
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Tan S, Han X, Sun Y, Guo P, Sun X, Chai Z, Jiang L, Heng L. Light-Induced Dynamic Manipulation of Liquid Metal Droplets in the Ambient Atmosphere. ACS Nano 2024; 18:8484-8495. [PMID: 38445597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic manipulation of liquid metal (LM) droplets, a material combining metallicity and fluidity, has recently revealed tremendous potential in developing unconstrained microrobots. LM manipulating techniques based on magnetic fields, electric fields, chemical reactions, and ion concentration gradients in liquid environments have advanced considerably, but dynamic manipulation in air remains a challenge. Herein, a photoresponsive pyroelectric superhydrophobic (PPS) platform is proposed for noncontact, flexible, and controllable manipulation in the ambient atmosphere. The PPS can generate additional free charges when illuminated by light, thus generating the driving force to manipulate liquid metal droplets. By using the synergistic effect of dielectrophoretic and electrostatic forces generated under light navigation, liquid metal droplets can achieve a series of complex motion behaviors, such as climbing slopes, going over steps, avoiding obstacles, crossing mazes, etc. We further extend the light control of liquid metal droplets to robots applied in electronic circuits, including circuit switching robots and circuit welding robots. This light strategy for manipulating liquid metal droplets provides insights into the development of intelligent, responsive interfaces and simultaneously provides possibilities for the application of liquid metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengda Tan
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pu Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Chai
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liping Heng
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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7
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Fu Z, Jin H, Zhang J, Xue T, Guo Q, Yao G, Gao H, Wang Z, Wen D. Low-Pressure Pancake Bouncing on Superhydrophobic Surfaces. Small 2024:e2310200. [PMID: 38497491 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A new form of pancake bouncing is discovered in this work when a droplet impacts onto micro-structured superhydrophobic surfaces in an environment pressure less than 2 kPa, and an unprecedented reduction of contact time by ≈85% is obtained. The mechanisms of forming this unique phenomenon are examined by combining experimental observation, numeical modelling and an improved theoretical model for the overpressure effect arising from the vaporisation inside micro-scaled structures. The competition among the vapor overpressure effect, the droplet impact force, and the surface adhesion determines if the pancake bouncing behavior could occur. After the lift-off the lamella, the pancake bouncing is initiated and its subsequent dynamics is controlled by the internal momentum transfer. Complementary to the prior studies, this work enriches the knowledge of droplet dynamics in low pressure, which allows new strategies of surface morphology engineering for droplet control, an area of high importance for many engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunru Fu
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haichuan Jin
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianyou Xue
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guice Yao
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HongKong, 100872, China
| | - Dongsheng Wen
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Thermodynamics, Technology University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany
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8
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Ma C, Wang L, Xu Z, Tong W, Zheng Q. Uniform and Persistent Jumping Detachment of Condensed Nanodroplets. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1439-1446. [PMID: 38237068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Realizing jumping detachment of condensed droplets from solid surfaces at the smallest sizes possible is vital for applications such as antifogging/frosting and heat transfer. For instance, if droplets uniformly jump at sizes smaller than visible light wavelengths of 400-720 nm, antifogging issues could be resolved. In comparison, the smallest droplets experimentally observed so far to jump uniformly were around 16 μm in radius. Here, we show molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of persistent droplet jumping with a uniform radius down to only 3.6 nm on superhydrophobic thin-walled lattice (TWL) nanostructures integrated with superhydrophilic nanospots. The size cutoff is attributed to the preferential cross-lattice coalescence of island droplets. As an application, the MD results exhibit a 10× boost in the heat transfer coefficient (HTC), showing a -1 scaling law with the maximum droplet radius. We provide phase diagrams for jumping and wetting behaviors to guide the design of lattice structures with advanced antidew performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Quanshui Zheng
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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9
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Hu Z, Chu F, Shan H, Wu X, Dong Z, Wang R. Understanding and Utilizing Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Phenomena, Mechanisms, Regulations, Applications, and Beyond. Adv Mater 2023:e2310177. [PMID: 38069449 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Droplet impact is a ubiquitous liquid behavior that closely tied to human life and production, making indispensable impacts on the big world. Nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces provide a powerful platform for regulating droplet impact dynamics. The collision between classic phenomena of droplet impact and the advanced manufacture of superhydrophobic surfaces is lighting up the future. Accurately understanding, predicting, and tailoring droplet dynamic behaviors on superhydrophobic surfaces are progressive steps to integrate the droplet impact into versatile applications and further improve the efficiency. In this review, the progress on phenomena, mechanisms, regulations, and applications of droplet impact on superhydrophobic surfaces, bridging the gap between droplet impact, superhydrophobic surfaces, and engineering applications are comprehensively summarized. It is highlighted that droplet contact and rebound are two focal points, and their fundamentals and dynamic regulations on elaborately designed superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed in detail. For the first time, diverse applications are classified into four categories according to the requirements for droplet contact and rebound. The remaining challenges are also pointed out and future directions to trigger subsequent research on droplet impact from both scientific and applied perspectives are outlined. The review is expected to provide a general framework for understanding and utilizing droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Hu
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Shan
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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10
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Gao X, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Song Y, Cheng G, Ding J. Ultrahigh Efficient Collection of Underwater Bubbles by High Adsorption and Transport, Coalescence, and Collection Integrating a Conical Arrayed Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:54119-54128. [PMID: 37942537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The capture and utilization of underwater fuel bubbles such as methane can alleviate the greenhouse effect, solve the global energy crisis, and possibly improve the endurance of underwater equipment. However, previous research routinely failed to achieve the integrated process of continuous adsorption, transportation, and collection of bubbles limited by the trade-off between the bubble adhesion and transport efficiency dependent on interfacial pinning, tremendously hindering the direct capture and utilization of underwater fuel bubbles. To break through this bottleneck, a magnetic-guided conical arrayed surface (CAS) associated with a laser etching technique is fabricated conveniently to realize superhydrophobicity. The bubbles on laser-etched CAS have higher adhesiveness and low-pinning transport compared with those on the nonlaser-etched surface. Intriguingly, the gas film adsorbed within the CAS seems to be a gas channel, which accelerates the bubble coalescence and fast spreading to eventually realize the integration of transport, coalescence, and collection. The dynamic behaviors of bubble adsorption, transportation, and coalescence on CAS are probed to reveal the mechanism of the gas film-generating process within conical arrays. Furthermore, a novel underwater bubble-collecting device with multiangled CAS is proposed to achieve multidirectional capture, highly efficient transportation, and collection of rising bubbles. The results advance our understanding of dynamic behaviors of bubbles at solid-liquid interfaces and facilitate design and manufacturing of an apparatus for bubble collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Fujian Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Faculty of Vehicle Engineering, and Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Guanggui Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jianning Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, P.R. China
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11
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Xuan S, Yin H, Li G, Zhang Z, Jiao Y, Liao Z, Li J, Liu S, Wang Y, Tang C, Wu W, Li G, Yin K. Trifolium repens L.-Like Periodic Micronano Structured Superhydrophobic Surface with Ultralow Ice Adhesion for Efficient Anti-Icing/Deicing. ACS Nano 2023; 17:21749-21760. [PMID: 37843015 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Wind turbine blades are often covered with ice and snow, which inevitably reduces their power generation efficiency and lifetime. Recently, a superhydrophobic surface has attracted widespread attention due to its potential values in anti-icing/deicing. However, the superhydrophobic surface can easily transition from Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel at low temperature, limiting its wide applications. Herein, inspired by the excellent water resistance and cold tolerance of Trifolium repens L. endowed by its micronano structure and low surface energy, a fresh structure was prepared by combining femtosecond laser processing technology and a boiling water treatment method. The prepared icephobic surface aluminum alloy (ISAl) mainly consists of a periodic microcrater array, nonuniform microclusters, and irregular nanosheets. This three-scale structure greatly promotes the stability of the Cassie-Baxter state. The critical Laplace pressure of ISAl is up to 1437 Pa, and the apparent water contact angle (CA) is higher than 150° at 0 °C. Those two factors contribute to its excellent anti-icing and deicing performances. The results show that the static icing delay time reaches 2577 s, and the ice adhesion strength is only 1.60 kPa. Furthermore, the anti-icing and deicing abilities of the proposed ISAl were examined under the environment of low temperature and high relative humidity to demonstrate its effectiveness. The dynamic anti-icing time of ISAl in extreme environments is up to 5 h, and ice can quickly fall with a speed of 34 r/min when it is in a horizontal rotational motion. Finally, ISAl has excellent reusability and mechanical durability, with the ice adhesion strength still being less than 6 kPa and the CA greater than 150° after 15 cycles of icing-deicing tests. The proposed structure would offer a promising strategy for the efficient anti-icing and deicing of wind turbine blades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensen Xuan
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Yin
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuxing Zhang
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiao
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Liao
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Li
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Senyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/Deicing, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengning Tang
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Wu
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Guilin Li
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, School of Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
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12
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Ge H, Liu Y, Liu F. Up to Date Review of Nature-Inspired Superhydrophobic Textiles: Fabrication and Applications. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7015. [PMID: 37959613 PMCID: PMC10649416 DOI: 10.3390/ma16217015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy and great progress in science and technology, people have become increasingly concerned about their quality of life and physical health. In order to pursue a higher life, various functional and biomimetic textiles have emerged one after another and have been sought after by people. There are many animal and plant surfaces with special wettability in nature, and their unique "micro-nano structures" and low surface energy have attracted extensive attention from researchers. Researchers have prepared various textiles with superhydrophobic features by mimicking these unique structures. This review introduces the typical organisms with superhydrophobicity in nature, using lotus, water strider, and cicada as examples, and describes their morphological features and excellent superhydrophobicity. The theoretical model, commonly used raw materials, and modification technology of superhydrophobic surfaces are analyzed. In addition, the application areas and the current study status of superhydrophobic surfaces for textiles are also summarized. Finally, the development prospects for superhydrophobic textiles based on bionic technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China;
| | - Fujuan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China;
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13
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Jia D, Lin Y, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Yu Q. Recent Advances in Dual-Function Superhydrophobic Antibacterial Surfaces. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300191. [PMID: 37265089 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation on the surfaces of synthetic materials imposes a significant burden in various fields, which can lead to infections in patients or reduce the service life of industrial devices. Therefore, there is increasing interest in imbuing surfaces with antibacterial properties. Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces with high water contact angles (>150°) exhibit excellent surface repellency against contaminations, thereby preventing initial bacterial adhesion and inhibiting biofilm formation. However, conventional superhydrophobic surfaces typically lack long-term durability and are incapable of achieving persistent efficacy against bacterial adhesion. To overcome these limitations, in recent decades, dual-function superhydrophobic antibacterial surfaces with both bacteria-repelling and bacteria-killing properties have been developed by introducing bactericidal components. These surfaces have demonstrated improved long-term antibacterial performance in addressing the issues associated with surface-attached bacteria. This review summarizes the recent advancements of these dual-function superhydrophobic antibacterial surfaces. First, a brief overview of the fabrication strategies and bacteria-repelling mechanism of superhydrophobic surfaces is provided and then the dual-function superhydrophobic antibacterial surfaces are classified into three types based on the bacteria-killing mechanism: i) mechanotherapy, ii) chemotherapy, and iii) phototherapy. Finally, the limitations and challenges of current research are discussed and future perspectives in this promising area are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuancheng Lin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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14
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Ferrari M, Cirisano F. Wetting Properties of Simulated and Commercial Contaminants on High Transmittance Superhydrophobic Coating. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2541. [PMID: 37764570 PMCID: PMC10534532 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The large and necessary diffusion of huge solar plants in extra urban areas implies the adoption of maintenance strategies especially where human intervention would require high costs and logistic problems. Animal dejections like bird droppings and agricultural sprays are environmental agents able to significantly decrease light absorption and, in some cases, cause serious damage to the electric conversion systems in a photovoltaic panel. In this work, the performance of a superhydrophobic (SH) coating in terms of durable self-cleaning properties and transparency has been studied in the presence of commercial and simulated contaminants on glass reference and solar panel surfaces. Wettability studies have been carried out both in static and dynamic conditions in order to compare the compositional effect of commercial liquids used as fertilizers or pesticides and molecules like pancreatin as model substances simulating bird droppings. From these studies, it can be observed that the superhydrophobic coating, independently from the surface where it is applied, is able to repel water and substances used such as fertilizers or pesticides and substances simulating bird droppings, maintaining its properties and transparency. This kind of approach can provide information to design suitable spray formulations without the above-mentioned drawbacks to be used in natural environment areas and agrosolar plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ferrari
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (F.C.); Tel.: +39-0106475723 (M.F.); +39-0106475707 (F.C.); Fax: +39-0106475700 (M.F. & F.C.)
| | - Francesca Cirisano
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (F.C.); Tel.: +39-0106475723 (M.F.); +39-0106475707 (F.C.); Fax: +39-0106475700 (M.F. & F.C.)
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15
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Bolteau B, Gelebart F, Teisseire J, Barthel E, Fresnais J. Digital Microfluidics─How Magnetically Driven Orientation of Pillars Influences Droplet Positioning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37431993 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces between a water droplet and a network of pillars produce eventually superhydrophobic, self-cleaning properties. Considering the surface fraction of the surface in interaction with water, it is possible to tune precisely the contact angle hysteresis (CAH) to low values, which is at the origin of the poor adhesion of water droplets, inducing their high mobility on such a surface. However, if one wants to move and position a droplet, the lower the CAH, the less precise will be the positioning on the surface. While rigid surfaces limit the possibilities of actuation, smart surfaces have been devised with which a stimulus can be used to trigger the displacement of a droplet. Light, electron beam, mechanical stimulation like vibration, or magnetism can be used to induce a displacement of droplets on surfaces and transfer them from one position to the targeted one. Among these methods, only few are reversible, leading to anisotropy-controlled orientation of the structured interface with water. Magnetically driven superhydrophobic surfaces are the most promising reprogramming surfaces that can lead to the control of wettability and droplet guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Bolteau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX─UMR 8234, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Surface du Verre et Interfaces, UMR 125 CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 39 Quai Lucien Lefranc, F-93303 Aubervilliers Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Gelebart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX─UMR 8234, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jérémie Teisseire
- Surface du Verre et Interfaces, UMR 125 CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 39 Quai Lucien Lefranc, F-93303 Aubervilliers Cedex, France
| | - Etienne Barthel
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Fresnais
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX─UMR 8234, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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16
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Chen J, Fu C, Li J, Tang W, Gao X, Zhang J. Fabrication and Experimental Study of Micro/Sub-Micro Porous Copper Coating for Anti-Icing Application. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16103774. [PMID: 37241401 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Micro and sub-micro-spherical copper powder slurries were elaborately prepared to fabricate different types of porous coating surfaces. These surfaces were further treated with low surface energy modification to obtain the superhydrophobic and slippery capacity. The surface wettability and chemical component were measured. The results showed that both the micro and sub-micro porous coating layer greatly increased the water-repellence capability of the substrate compared with the bare copper plate. Notably, the PFDTES-fluorinated coating surfaces yielded superhydrophobic ability against water under 0 °C with a contact angle of ~150° and a contact angle of hysteresis of ~7°. The contact angle results showed that the water repellency of the coating surface deteriorated with decreasing temperature from 10 °C to -20 °C, and the reason was probably recognized as the vapor condensation in the sub-cooled porous layer. The anti-icing test showed that the ice adhesion strengths of the micro and sub-micro-coated surfaces were 38.5 kPa and 30.2 kPa, producing a 62.8% and 72.7% decrease compared to the bare plate. The PFDTES-fluorinated and slippery liquid-infused porous coating surfaces both produced ultra-low ice adhesion strengths of 11.5-15.7 kPa compared with the other non-treated surfaces, which showed prominent properties for anti-icing and deicing requirement of the metallic surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiang Chen
- Facility Design and Instrumentation Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Cheng Fu
- Facility Design and Instrumentation Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Junye Li
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Weiyu Tang
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Xinglong Gao
- Facility Design and Instrumentation Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China
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17
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Abstract
Versatile surfaces demonstrating multiple interfacial functionalities are highly demanded as a surface typically serves various duties and faces multiple challenges in real practice. However, such versatile surfaces are rarely reported mainly due to the challenges in integrating multiple structural characteristics. Here, by mimicking lotus leaves, butterfly wing, and respiratory cilia, we develop a surface termed wire-on-pillar magneto-responsive superhydrophobic arrays (WP-MRSA), which possess interfacial properties of structural superhydrophobicity, anisotropicity, stimuli responsiveness, and flexibility. By combining soft lithography and self-alignment of iron-laden aerosols under a magnetic field, iron-laden wires are planted atop prefabricated pillar arrays, resulting in well-ordered, sparse, high-aspect-ratio, flexible, and superhydrophobic wires, which largely deflect in response to a magnetic field. This unique integration of structural properties and configurations enables various functionalities, such as on-demand control of droplet impact dynamics, real-time regulation of surface lateral adhesion force, fast removal and sorting of objects, and precise manipulation of droplets for selective reactions. Those functionalities benefit various applications especially droplet-based microfluidics and active self-cleaning surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yakun Zong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Youhua Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Robotics), Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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18
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Zhu Z, Liang H, Sun DW. Infusing Silicone and Camellia Seed Oils into Micro-/Nanostructures for Developing Novel Anti-Icing/Frosting Surfaces for Food Freezing Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:14874-14883. [PMID: 36897285 PMCID: PMC10037244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Undesired ice/frost formation and accretion often occur on food freezing facility surfaces, lowering freezing efficiency. In the current study, two slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) were fabricated by spraying hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and stearic acid (SA)-modified SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) suspensions, separately onto aluminum (Al) substrates coated with epoxy resin to obtain two superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS), and then infusing food-safe silicone and camellia seed oils into the SHS, respectively, achieving anti-frosting/icing performance. In comparison with bare Al, SLIPS not only exhibited excellent frost resistance and defrost properties but also showed ice adhesion strength much lower than that of SHS. In addition, pork and potato were frozen on SLIPS, showing an extremely low adhesion strength of <10 kPa, and after 10 icing/deicing cycles, the final ice adhesion strength of 29.07 kPa was still much lower than that of SHS (112.13 kPa). Therefore, the SLIPS showed great potential for developing into robust anti-icing/frosting materials for the freezing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhu
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Liang
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Food
Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture
and Food Science Centre, University College
Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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19
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Liu C, Wang W, Hu X, Liu F. Drag Reduction Technology of Water Flow on Microstructured Surfaces: A Novel Perspective from Vortex Distributions and Densities. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1838. [PMID: 36902954 PMCID: PMC10004003 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the turbulent drag reduction mechanism of water flow on microstructured surfaces is beneficial to controlling and using this technology to reduce turbulence losses and save energy during water transportation. Two microstructured samples, including a superhydrophobic and a riblet surface, were fabricated near which the water flow velocity, and the Reynolds shear stress and vortex distribution were investigated using a particle image velocimetry. The dimensionless velocity was introduced to simplify the Ω vortex method. The definition of vortex density in water flow was proposed to quantify the distribution of different strength vortices. Results showed that the velocity of the superhydrophobic surface (SHS) was higher compared with the riblet surface (RS), while the Reynolds shear stress was small. The vortices on microstructured surfaces were weakened within 0.2 times that of water depth when identified by the improved ΩM method. Meanwhile, the vortex density of weak vortices on microstructured surfaces increased, while the vortex density of strong vortices decreased, proving that the reduction mechanism of turbulence resistance on microstructured surfaces was to suppress the development of vortices. When the Reynolds number ranged from 85,900 to 137,440, the drag reduction impact of the superhydrophobic surface was the best, and the drag reduction rate was 9.48%. The reduction mechanism of turbulence resistance on microstructured surfaces was revealed from a novel perspective of vortex distributions and densities. Research on the structure of water flow near the microstructured surface can promote the drag reduction application in the water field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wene Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaotao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Temprano-Coleto F, Smith SM, Peaudecerf FJ, Landel JR, Gibou F, Luzzatto-Fegiz P. A single parameter can predict surfactant impairment of superhydrophobic drag reduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211092120. [PMID: 36634141 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211092120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experimental and computational investigations have shown that trace amounts of surfactants, unavoidable in practice, can critically impair the drag reduction of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs), by inducing Marangoni stresses at the air-liquid interface. However, predictive models for realistic SHS geometries do not yet exist, which has limited the understanding and mitigation of these adverse surfactant effects. To address this issue, we derive a model for laminar, three-dimensional flow over SHS gratings as a function of geometry and soluble surfactant properties, which together encompass 10 dimensionless groups. We establish that the grating length g is the key geometric parameter and predict that the ratio between actual and surfactant-free slip increases with g2. Guided by our model, we perform synergistic numerical simulations and microfluidic experiments, finding good agreement with the theory as we vary surfactant type and SHS geometry. Our model also enables the estimation, based on velocity measurements, of a priori unknown properties of surfactants inherently present in microfluidic systems. For SHSs, we show that surfactant effects can be predicted by a single parameter, representing the ratio between the grating length and the interface length scale beyond which the flow mobilizes the air-water interface. This mobilization length is more sensitive to the surfactant chemistry than to its concentration, such that even trace-level contaminants may significantly increase drag if they are highly surface active. These findings advance the fundamental understanding of realistic interfacial flows and provide practical strategies to maximize superhydrophobic drag reduction.
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21
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Shu Y, Chu F, Hu Z, Gao J, Wu X, Dong Z, Feng Y. Superhydrophobic Strategy for Nature-Inspired Rotating Microfliers: Enhancing Spreading, Reducing Contact Time, and Weakening Impact Force of Raindrops. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:57340-57349. [PMID: 36512411 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wind-dispersal of seeds is a remarkable strategy in nature, enlightening the construction of microfliers for environmental monitoring. However, the flight of these microfliers is greatly affected by climatic conditions, especially in rainy days, they suffer serious raindrop impact. Here, a hierarchical superhydrophobic surface is fabricated and a novel strategy is demonstrated that the superhydrophobic coating can enhance spreading while reduce contact time and impact force of raindrops, all of which are beneficial for the rotating microfliers. When the surface rotating speed exceeds a critical value, the effect of centrifugal force becomes considerable so that the droplet spreading is enhanced. The rotating superhydrophobic surface can rotate an impacting droplet by the tangential drag force from the air boundary layer, and the rotation of the droplet generates a negative pressure zone inside it, reducing the contact time by more than 30%. The impact force by the droplet on the rotating superhydrophobic surface also has a remarkable reduction of 53% compared to that on unprocessed hydrophilic surfaces, which helps maintain the flight stability of the microfliers. This work pioneers in revealing the droplet impact effect on rotating microflier surfaces and demonstrates the effectiveness of protecting microfliers with superhydrophobic coatings, which shall guide the manufacture and flight of microfliers in rainy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Shu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Zhifeng Hu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Yanhui Feng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
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22
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Han X, Liu J, Wang M, Upmanyu M, Wang H. Second-Level Microgroove Convexity is Critical for Air Plastron Restoration on Immersed Hierarchical Superhydrophobic Surfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:52524-52534. [PMID: 36373889 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Air plastrons trapped on the surfaces of underwater superhydrophobic surfaces are critical for their function. Fibrillar morphologies offer a natural pathway, yet they are limited to a narrow range of liquid-surface systems and are vulnerable to pressure fluctuations that irreversibly destroy the air layer plastron. Inspired by the convexly grooved bases of water fern (Salvinia) leaves that support their fibrous outgrowths, we focus on the effect of such second-level grooved structures or microgrooves on the plastron restoration on immersed three-dimensional (3D)-printed hierarchical surfaces. Elliptical, interconnected microgrooves are fabricated with varying surface curvatures to study the effect of their morphology. Immersion experiments reveal that the convex groove curvature stabilizes a seed gas layer (SGL) that facilitates plastron restoration for all immersed hydrophobic surfaces. Theoretical calculations and atomic-scale computations reveal that the SGL storage capacity that sets the SGL robustness follows from the liquid menisci adaption to the groove geometry and pressure, from micro- to nanoscales, and it can be further tuned using separated grooves. Our study highlights groove convexity as a key morphological feature for the design of second-level architectures for underwater air plastron restoration on hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Jingnan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Moneesh Upmanyu
- Group for Simulation and Theory of Atomic-Scale Material Phenomena (stAMP), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Hailong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
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23
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Li J, Liu X, Xie Q, Jia Y, Sun J, Yao Y. Cryogel-Templated Fabrication of n-Al/PVDF Superhydrophobic Energetic Films with Exceptional Underwater Ignition Performance. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206911. [PMID: 36296502 PMCID: PMC9611366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The rapid heat loss and corrosion of nano-aluminum limits the energy performance of metastable intermolecular composites (MICs) in aquatic conditions. In this work, superhydrophobic n-Al/PVDF films were fabricated by the cryogel-templated method. The underwater ignition performance of the energetic films was investigated. The preparation process of energetic materials is relatively simple, and avoids excessively high temperatures, ensuring the safety of the entire experimental process. The surface of the n-Al/PVDF energetic film exhibits super-hydrophobicity. Because the aluminum nanoparticles are uniformly encased in the hydrophobic energetic binder, the film is more waterproof and anti-aging. Laser-induced underwater ignition experiments show that the superhydrophobic modification can effectively induce the ignition of energetic films underwater. The results suggest that the cryogel-templated method provides a feasible route for underwater applications of energetic materials, especially nanoenergetics-on-a-chip in underwater micro-scale energy-demanding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xuwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18655488806
| | - Quanmin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yongsheng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jinshan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yingkang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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24
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Horseman T, Lin S. Exceptional Mineral Scaling Resistance from the Surface Gas Layer: Impacts of Surface Wetting Properties and the Gas Layer Charging Mechanism. ACS Environ Au 2022; 2:418-427. [PMID: 37101459 PMCID: PMC10125293 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Mineral scaling is a phenomenon that occurs on submerged surfaces in contact with saline solutions. In membrane desalination, heat exchangers, and marine structures, mineral scaling reduces process efficiency and eventually leads to process failure. Therefore, achieving long-term scaling resistance is beneficial to enhancing process performance and reducing operating and maintenance costs. While evidence shows that superhydrophobic surfaces may reduce mineral scaling kinetics, prolonged scaling resistance is limited due to the finite stability of the entrained gas layer present in a Cassie-Baxter wetting state. Additionally, superhydrophobic surfaces are not always feasible for all applications, but strategies for long-term scaling resistance with smooth or even hydrophilic surfaces are often overlooked. In this study, we elucidate the role of interfacial nanobubbles on the scaling kinetics of submerged surfaces of varied wetting properties, including those that do not entrain a gas layer. We show that both solution conditions and surface wetting properties that promote interfacial bubble formation enhances scaling resistance. In the absence of interfacial bubbles, scaling kinetics decrease as surface energy decreases, while the presence of bulk nanobubbles enhances the scaling resistance of the surface with any wetting property. The findings in this study allude to scaling mitigation strategies that are enabled by solution and surface properties that promote the formation and stability of interfacial gas layers and provide insights to surface and process design for greater scaling resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Horseman
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- . Phone: +1 (615) 322-7226
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25
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Chen C, Zhong H, Liu Z, Wang J, Wang J, Liu G, Li Y, Zhu P. Asymmetric Jetting during the Impact of Liquid Drops on Superhydrophobic Concave Surfaces. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 13:1521. [PMID: 36144146 PMCID: PMC9501287 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of liquid drops on superhydrophobic solid surfaces is ubiquitous and of practical importance in many industrial processes. Here, we study the impingement of droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces with a macroscopic dimple structure, during which the droplet exhibits asymmetric jetting. Systematic experimental investigations and numerical simulations provide insight into the dynamics and underlying mechanisms of the observed phenomenon. The observation is a result of the interaction between the spreading droplet and the dimple. An upward internal flow is induced by the dimple, which is then superimposed on the horizontal flow inside the spreading droplet. As such, an inclined jet is issued asymmetrically into the air. This work would be conducive to the development of an open-space microfluidic platform for droplet manipulation and generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Chen
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Industrial Software, Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongjun Zhong
- Jinan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Industrial Software, Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Li
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Pingan Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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26
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Li C, Qiu H, Ma J, Wang Y. Numerical study on the performance of centrifugal blood pump with superhydrophobic surface. Int J Artif Organs 2022; 45:1028-1036. [PMID: 36028949 DOI: 10.1177/03913988221114156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM In order to reduce the blood damage of an artificial heart pump and optimize its hydraulic performance, a centrifugal blood pump with superhydrophobic characteristics is proposed in this study. METHODS To study the influence of superhydrophobic surface characteristics on the performance of centrifugal blood pumps, the Navier slip model is used to simulate the slip characteristics of superhydrophobic surfaces, which is realized by the user defined function of ANSYS fluent. The user defined functions with different values of slip length are verified by two benchmark solutions of laminar flow and turbulence in the pipeline. The blood pump model adopts the designed centrifugal blood pump, and its head, hydraulic efficiency and hemolysis index are calculated. The Navier slip boundary condition (a constant slip-length of 50 μm) is applied to the walls of the blood pump impeller and a volute at different positions, and the influence of the superhydrophobic surface on the performance of the blood pump at the design point Q = 6 L/min was compared and analyzed. RESULTS The results show that the centrifugal blood pump model used in this paper has good blood compatibility and meets the design requirements; the superhydrophobic surface can significantly reduce the scalar shear stress in the blood pump. At the design point, when the slip length is 50 μm, the mass-average scalar shear stress in the impeller area and the volute area reduction rate is about 5.9%, the hydraulic efficiency growth rate is about 3.8%, the hemolysis index reduction rate is about 18.4%, and the pressure head changes little with a growth rate of 0.3%. CONCLUSIONS Centrifugal blood pumps with superhydrophobic surfaces can improve the efficiency of blood pumps and reduce hemolysis. Based on these encouraging results, vitro investigations for actual blood damage would be practicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihe Qiu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Jianying Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
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27
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Chen C, Tian Z, Luo X, Jiang G, Hu X, Wang L, Peng R, Zhang H, Zhong M. Micro-Nano-Nanowire Triple Structure-Held PDMS Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Robust Ultra-Long-Term Icephobic Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:23973-23982. [PMID: 35535994 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anti-icing superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted tremendous interests due to their repellency to water and extremely low ice affinity, whereas the weak durability has been the bottleneck for further applications. Surface durability is especially important in long-term exposure to low-temperature and high-humidity environments. In this study, a robust micro-nano-nanowire triple structure-held PDMS superhydrophobic surface was fabricated via a hybrid process: ultrafast-laser-prepared periodic copper microstructures were chemically oxidized, followed by modification of PDMS. The hedgehog-like surface structure was composed of microcones, densely grown nanowires, and tightly combined PDMS. The capillary force difference in micro-nanostructures drove PDMS solutions to distribute evenly, bonding fragile nanowires to form stronger composite cones. PDMS replaced the commonly used fragile fluorosilanes and protected nanowires from breaking, which endowed the surfaces with higher robustness. The ductile PDMS-nanowire composites possessed higher resiliency than brittle nanowires under a load of 1 mN. The surface kept superhydrophobic and ice-resistant after 15 linear abrasion cycles under 1.2 kPa or 60 icing-deicing cycles under -20 °C or 500 tape peeling cycles. Under a higher pressure of 6.2 kPa, the contact angle (CA) was maintained above 150° until the abrasion distance exceeded 8 m. In addition, the surface exhibited a rare spontaneously optimized performance in the icing-deicing cycles. The ice adhesion strength of the surface reached its lowest value of 12.2 kPa in the 16th cycle. Evolution of surface roughness and morphology were combined to explain its unique U-shaped performance curves, which distinguished its unique degradation process from common surfaces. Thus, this triple-scale superhydrophobic surface showed a long-term anti-icing performance with high deicing robustness and low ice adhesion strength. The proposed nanostructure-facilitated uniform distribution strategy of PDMS is promising in future design of durable superhydrophobic anti-icing surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Chen
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ze Tian
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Guochen Jiang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rui Peng
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Minlin Zhong
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Tsinghua University(SMSE) - AVIC - ARI Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials and Anti-Icing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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28
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Su H, Liu Y, Gao Y, Fu C, Li C, Qin R, Liang L, Yang P. Amyloid-Like Protein Aggregation Toward Pesticide Reduction. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105106. [PMID: 35257513 PMCID: PMC9069373 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide overuse is a major global problem and the cause of this problem is noticeable pesticide loss from undesired bouncing of sprayed pesticide droplets and rain erosion. This further becomes a primary source of soil and groundwater pollution. Herein, the authors report a method that can enhance pesticide droplet deposition and adhesion on superhydrophobic plant leave surfaces by amyloid-like aggregation of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Through the reduction of the disulfide bond of BSA by tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), the amyloid-like phase transition of BSA is triggered that rapidly affords abundant phase-transitioned BSA (PTB) oligomers to facilitate the invasion of the PTB droplet into the nanostructures on a leaf surface. Such easy penetration is further followed by a robust amyloid-mediated interfacial adhesion of PTB on leaf surface. As a result, after mixing with pesticides, the PTB system exhibits a remarkable pesticide adhesion capacity that is more than 10 times higher than conventional fixation of commercial pesticides. The practical farmland experiments show that the use of PTB aggregation could reduce the use of pesticides by 70-90% while ensuring yield. This work demonstrates that current pesticide dosage in actual agriculture production may be largely reduced by utilizing eco-friendly amyloid-like protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Yingtao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Chengyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Institute of Science and TechnologyEastern HuaLan AvenueXinxiangHenan453003China
| | - Rongrong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Lei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Institute of Science and TechnologyEastern HuaLan AvenueXinxiangHenan453003China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
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29
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Li K, Zhao Y, Yang J, Feng J. "Anti-Condensation" Aluminum Superhydrophobic Surface by Smaller Nanostructures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:887902. [PMID: 35557859 PMCID: PMC9086191 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.887902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to classical heterogeneous nucleation theory, the free energy barrier (ΔGc) of heterogeneous nucleation of vapor condensation ascends dramatically as the substrate nanostructure diameter (Rs) decreases. Based on this idea, we fabricated two types of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) on an aluminum substrate by different roughening processes and the same fluorization treatment. Water vapor condensation trials by optical microscope and ESEM confirmed that on SHSs with submicron rectangle structures, a typical self-propelled motion of condensates or jumping condensation occurred. However, on SHS with coral-like micro/nano-structures, vapor nucleation occurred tardily, randomly, and sparsely, and the subsequent condensation preferentially occurred on the nuclei formed earlier, e.g., the condensation on such SHS typically followed the Matthew effect. Higher vapor-liquid nucleation energy barrier caused by smaller fluorinated nanostructures should be responsible for such a unique "anti-condensation" property. This study would be helpful in designing new SHSs and moving their application in anti-icing, anti-fogging, air humidity control, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Rodič P, Kapun B, Milošev I. Superhydrophobic Aluminium Surface to Enhance Corrosion Resistance and Obtain Self-Cleaning and Anti-Icing Ability. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031099. [PMID: 35164365 PMCID: PMC8838885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile environmentally acceptable surface roughening method using chemical etching in HCl/H2O2 followed by grafting with n-octyltrimethoxysilane (AS-8) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (FAS-8) was studied to fabricate a (super)hydrophobic aluminium surface. The ground aluminium surface after selected etching times (before and after grafting), was characterised using a contact profilometer, optical tensiometer, scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy-dispersive spectroscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope to evaluate surface roughness, wettability, surface morphology and composition. The durability of the grafted surface was tested using thermal and UV resistance tests. The corrosion properties were evaluated using potentiodynamic measurements and standard salts spray testing, ASTM B117-19. Finally, the self-cleaning and anti-icing abilities were assessed. The grafted aluminium surface with octyl- or perfluorooctyl silane reflected the highly hydrophobic (AS-8) and superhydrophobic behaviour (FAS-8). Moreover, the different behaviour of the octyl- or perfluorooctyl chain in the silane molecule on modified surface properties was also noticed because durability tests confirmed greater thermal, UV stability and corrosion resistance of FAS-8 compared to AS-8. The aluminium etched for 2 min and grafted with FAS-8 also demonstrated an excellent self-cleaning and anti-icing performance.
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31
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Tang J, Zou R, Zhang X, Zhong Y, Li M, Feng Y, Wei X, Wang J. Combination of Universal Chemical Deposition and Unique Liquid Etching for the Design of Superhydrophobic Aramid Paper with Bioinspired Multiscale Hierarchical Dendritic Structure. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:4791-4807. [PMID: 35029108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent and significant for the further development of superhydrophobic materials to exploit a facile, low-cost, scalable, and eco-friendly method for the manufacture of superhydrophobic materials with self-cleaning, antifouling, directional transportation, and other characteristics. Herein, an outstanding superhydrophobic material composed of a flexible microconvex aramid paper substrate, micron-scale cone-shaped copper, micro-nanoscale dendritic copper oxide, and hydrophobic copper stearate film has been successfully constructed through delicate architectural design and a convenient preparation approach. Based on the microstructure evolution and composition analysis results, it is revealed that the cone-shaped copper was etched into a dendritic copper oxide structure step by step from the top to bottom and from the outside to inside in an alkaline liquid environment. Moreover, by virtue of the compositional features and structural characteristics, the constructed superhydrophobic material showcased a high contact angle (CA), low sliding angle (SA), high porosity, low surface free energy, and adhesion work. Meanwhile, the dendritic microstructure analysis, the calculation of solid-liquid interfacial tension, and the force analysis of water droplets jointly revealed the mechanism of the bounce and merged bounce of water droplets. Finally, this superhydrophobic material has the functions of self-cleaning, antifouling, and directional transportation, especially by controlling the deformation of the material to realize the transportation of water droplets in a specified direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqing Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinpeng Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, People's Republic of China
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Lu C, Gao Y, Yu S, Zhou H, Wang X, Li L. Non-Fluorinated Flexible Superhydrophobic Surface with Excellent Mechanical Durability and Self-Cleaning Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:4750-4758. [PMID: 35029969 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although plenty of superhydrophobic surfaces have been developed owing to their tremendous potential applications, it is still a great challenge for the superhydrophobic surfaces to possess environmental friendliness, biocompatibility, and mechanical durability simultaneously. Herein, a non-fluorinated flexible superhydrophobic surface was designed by constructing a film-substrate system with labyrinth-like wrinkles combining an intrinsically hydrophobic Zn film and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. Excellent superhydrophobicity with a contact angle up to 168.5° and a slide angle as low as 0° has been achieved on the Zn/PDMS surface, which is attributed to the micro-/nano-textured structures of the labyrinth-like wrinkles, providing sufficient air pockets to form a stable Cassie-Baxter state. Furthermore, the Zn/PDMS surface retains excellent superhydrophobicity under stretching, bending, and twisting mechanical deformation up to 500 cycles due to the stability of the micro-/nano-textured structures of the labyrinth-like wrinkles protected by the fantastic self-healing ability of the micro-cracks. Additionally, the Zn/PDMS superhydrophobic surface possesses an outstanding self-cleaning performance for various contaminants. The present work provides a valuable routine to design non-fluorinated flexible superhydrophobic surfaces with superb mechanical durability and self-cleaning property as promising functional layers for flexible electronics, wearable devices, biomedical engineering, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Senjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Physics, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Lingwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
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Zhuang K, Yang X, Huang W, Dai Q, Wang X. Efficient Bubble Transport on Bioinspired Topological Ultraslippery Surfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:61780-61788. [PMID: 34913334 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) with micro-/nanostructures inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher plant exhibit excellent characteristics in terms of liquid repellency, self-healing, pressure tolerance, and so forth. In particular, stable bubble transport on SLIPS can be achieved when the surface is submerged in water. However, more precise and sophisticated bubble manipulations on SLIPS still remain challenging. In this research, a three-dimensional topological SLIPS combined with a submillimeter rice leaf-like groove array is fabricated to guide the underwater bubble motion precisely. The dynamic behavior and wetting state of bubbles on SLIPS were investigated experimentally. Furthermore, topological SLIPS with different geometric textures were designed and created for sophisticated bubble manipulations, such as fast bubble directional transport and collection. The results indicated that a lubricant with low surface tension and low viscosity could improve the adhesion force to bubbles and the transport velocity of bubbles, simultaneously. The current findings are helpful to deepen the cognition of interaction between bubbles and SLIPS and to promote their wide applications in the field of smart bubble manipulation and catalytic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhuang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Qingwen Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Yang J, Yue Y, Zhang H. A Review of Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Their Applications in Drag Reduction and Heat Transfer. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 12:nano12010044. [PMID: 35009994 PMCID: PMC8746732 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the superhydrophobic properties of some plants and animals with special structures, such as self-cleaning, water repellent, and drag reduction, the research on the basic theory and practical applications of superhydrophobic surfaces is increasing. In this paper, the characteristics of superhydrophobic surfaces and the preparation methods of superhydrophobic surfaces are briefly reviewed. The mechanisms of drag reduction on superhydrophobic surfaces and the effects of parameters such as flow rate, fluid viscosity, wettability, and surface morphology on drag reduction are discussed, as well as the applications of superhydrophobic surfaces in boiling heat transfer and condensation heat transfer. Finally, the limitations of adapting superhydrophobic surfaces to industrial applications are discussed. The possibility of applying superhydrophobic surfaces to highly viscous fluids for heat transfer to reduce flow resistance and improve heat transfer efficiency is introduced as a topic for further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Food & Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-Saving Technology, China National Light Industry, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Food & Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-Saving Technology, China National Light Industry, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junling Yang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Food & Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-Saving Technology, China National Light Industry, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yunkai Yue
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Food & Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-Saving Technology, China National Light Industry, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huafu Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Food & Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-Saving Technology, China National Light Industry, Beijing 100190, China
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Wang Y, Zhao W, Han M, Guan L, Han L, Hemraj A, Tam KC. Sustainable Superhydrophobic Surface with Tunable Nanoscale Hydrophilicity for Water Harvesting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115238. [PMID: 34936181 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fog collection can be a sustainable solution to water scarcity in many regions around the world. Recently, great efforts have been undertaken to develop low-cost and highly efficient water collectors to address water shortages, especially in arid regions. However, the design of a scalable water harvesting surface remains elusive to the trade-off between water deposition and transport. Herein, we developed a hydrophilic/superhydrophobic surface using a "one-pot" facile approach to enable an efficient water deposition and transport process. Preferential exposure of hydrophilic cellulose nanocrystal outer surface could be used to accelerate droplet deposition, coupled with wax microspheres with distinct wetting features for the manipulation of the droplet mobility. Appropriate tuning of the wetting characteristics of the surfaces, optimizing the hydrophobicity and density of the water affinity nanodomains allowed us to enhance the water deposition rate without the sacrifice of water transport. An optimal hydrophilic/superhydrophobic topography through the control of nanoscale hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains yielded a water harvesting flux of 3.402 L/m 2 /h for a plate and 5.02 L/m 2 /h for a mesh. This strategy of decorating a superhydrophobic surface with moderately hydrophilic nanodomains allows the manipulation of droplet nucleation and removal to enhance the water collection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Weinan Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Lian Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Afraz Hemraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kam Chiu Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Guo C, Liu L, Liu C. Contact time of impacting droplets on a superhydrophobic surface with tunable curvature and groove orientation. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 34:095001. [PMID: 34814124 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3c67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the impact dynamics of water droplets on a solid surface is of great significance for some practical applications. In this study, the droplet impingement on a flexible superhydrophobic surface arrayed with micro-scale grooves was investigated experimentally. The surface was curved into cylindrical shapes with certain curvatures from two orthogonal directions, where axial and circumferential grooves were formed, respectively. The effects of curvature diameter and Weber number, as well as the orientation of grooves on droplet spreading and retracting dynamics were analyzed and explained. Results show that the circumferential grooves promote the spreading of a droplet in the azimuthal direction, where the droplet rebounds from the surface with a stretched shape. This mechanism further reduces the contact time of impacting droplets on the superhydrophobic surface compared to the other curving mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Guo
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwan Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Zhang W, Yan W, Zheng H, Zhao C, Liu D. Laser-Engineered Superhydrophobic Polydimethylsiloxane for Highly Efficient Water Manipulation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:48163-48170. [PMID: 34582179 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost, high-quality, and large-area superhydrophobic surfaces are in high demand. This study demonstrates laser-engineered polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a platform for versatile and highly efficient water manipulation. The fabrication process consists of two steps: patterning PDMS with arrayed microlenses and laser pulse scanning. The obtained PDMS is superhydrophobic and exhibits excellent chemical resistance, UV stability, pressure robustness, and substantial mechanical durability. Notably, there is no significant change in the water contact angles after storage in air for 14 months. Microstructural analysis revealed that the sample contained stable nanostructured inorganics such as crystalline silicon, silicon carbide, and sp3-like carbon. The superhydrophobic surface was demonstrated to have versatile and wide applications in oil/water separation and water collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Zhang
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Weishan Yan
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Haonian Zheng
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chaopeng Zhao
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Duo Liu
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
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Choi W, Yun S. Symmetry-Breaking Drop Bouncing on Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Continuously Changing Curvatures. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172940. [PMID: 34502980 PMCID: PMC8434175 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the residence time of drops on the solid surface is related to a wide spectrum of engineering applications, such as self-cleaning and anti-icing. The symmetry-breaking dynamics induced by the initial drop shape can promote drop bouncing. Here, we study the bouncing features of spherical and ellipsoidal drops on elliptical surfaces that continuously change curvatures inspired by natural succulent leaves. The bounce characteristics highly depend on the geometric relations between the ellipsoidal drops and curved surfaces. Numerical results show that ellipsoidal shapes of the drops amplify asymmetries of the mass and momentum in synergy with an influence of the surface curvature during the impact, which is verified by experiments. Effects of the surface anisotropy and drops’ ellipticity on the residence time are investigated under various surface morphologies and Weber numbers. The residence time is closely associated with an initial surface curvature at the apex. The underlying principle of modifying the residence time via the drops’ ellipticity and initial surface curvature is elucidated based on momentum asymmetry. The understanding of the bouncing features on curved surfaces will offer practical implications for enhanced heat transfer performances and controlled water repellency, etc.
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Liu P, Cheng M, Zhang H, Quan J, Yan H, Zhang S, Yang L, Li H, Yang G. Promoting the Spreading of Droplets on a Superhydrophobic Surface by Supramolecular Amphiphilic Complex-Based Host-Guest Chemistry. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:9545-9550. [PMID: 34369758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spreading of pesticide droplets on the surface of superhydrophobic plants is an important process, which can prevent the inadequate retention such as bouncing, splashing, and drifting, thereby improving the efficiency of pesticide utilization and reducing soil and groundwater pollution. Herein, we report an approach to fabricate a supramolecular amphiphilic system that significantly contributes to this issue. The hydrophilic amino-pillar[5]arene was synthesized, which could form vesicles with the hydrophobic long-chain guest. This host-guest complex decreased the surface tension, which greatly promotes the spreading of droplets. This study provides a new strategy for prolonging pesticide retention and reducing pesticide loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Quan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hewei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Siyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guangfu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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Jeong JU, Ji DY, Lee KY, Hwang W, Lee CH, Kim SJ, Lee JW. Effect of Surface Structure Complexity on Interfacial Droplet Behavior of Superhydrophobic Titanium Surfaces for Robust Dropwise Condensation. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4107. [PMID: 34361301 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In general, the dropwise condensation supported by superhydrophobic surfaces results in enhanced heat transfer relative to condensation on normal surfaces. However, in supersaturated environments that exceed a certain supersaturation threshold, moisture penetrates the surface structures and results in attached condensation, which reduces the condensation heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, when designing superhydrophobic surfaces for condensers, the surface structure must be resistant to attached condensation in supersaturated conditions. The gap size and complexity of the micro/nanoscale surface structure are the main factors that can be controlled to maintain water repellency in supersaturated environments. In this study, the condensation heat exchange performance was characterized for three different superhydrophobic titanium surface structures via droplet behavior (DB) mapping to evaluate their suitability for power plant condensers. In addition, it was demonstrated that increasing the surface structure complexity increases the versatility of the titanium surfaces by extending the window for improved heat exchange performance. This study demonstrates the usefulness of DB mapping for evaluating the performance of superhydrophobic surfaces regarding their applicability for industrial condenser systems.
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Liu C, Zhao M, Zheng Y, Lu D, Song L. Enhancement and Guidance of Coalescence-Induced Jumping of Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces with a U-Groove. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:32542-32554. [PMID: 34180653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coalescence-induced droplet jumping has received considerable attention owing to its potential to enhance performance in various applications. However, the energy conversion efficiency of droplet coalescence jumping is very low and the jumping direction is uncontrollable, which vastly limits the application of droplet coalescence jumping. In this work, we used superhydrophobic surfaces with a U-groove to experimentally achieve a high dimensionless jumping velocity Vj* ≈ 0.70, with an energy conversion efficiency η ≈ 43%, about a 900% increase in energy conversion efficiency compared to droplet coalescence jumping on flat superhydrophobic surfaces. Numerical simulation and experimental data indicated that a higher jumping velocity arises from the redirection of in-plane velocity vectors to out-of-plane velocity vectors, which is a joint effect resulting from the redirection of velocity vectors in the coalescence direction and the redirection of velocity vectors of the liquid bridge by limiting maximum deformation of the liquid bridge. Furthermore, the jumping direction of merged droplets could be easily controlled ranging from 17 to 90° by adjusting the opening direction of the U-groove, with a jumping velocity Vj* ≥ 0.70. When the opening direction is 60°, the jumping direction shows a deviation as low as 17° from the horizontal surface with a jumping velocity Vj* ≈ 0.73 and corresponding energy conversion efficiency η ≈ 46%. This work not only improves jumping velocity and energy conversion efficiency but also demonstrates the effect of the U-groove on coalescence dynamics and demonstrates a method to further control the droplet jumping direction for enhanced performance in applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yelong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dunqiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Li G, Li D, Zhang X, Li Q, Liu Z, Fang Y, Zhang S, Man J. In Vivo Blood-Repellent Performance of a Controllable Facile-Generated Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:29021-29033. [PMID: 34102844 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of a blood-repellent surface is essential for implantable or interventional medical devices to avoid thrombosis which can induce several serious complications. In this research, a novel micropatterned surface was fabricated via a facile and cost-effective method, and then, the in vitro and in vivo blood-repellent performances of the controllable superhydrophobic surface were systematically evaluated. First, a facile and cost-effective strategy was proposed to fabricate a controllable superhydrophobic surface on a medically pure titanium substrate using an ultraviolet laser process, ultrasonic acid treatment, and chemical modification. Second, the superhydrophobicity, durability, stability, and corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic surface were confirmed with advanced testing techniques, which display a high contact angle, low adhesion to water and blood, and excellent resistant element precipitation. Third, the platelet-rich plasma and whole blood were applied to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the superhydrophobic surface by means of an in vitro experiment, and no blood cell activation or aggregation was observed on the superhydrophobic surface. Finally, hollow tubes with an inner superhydrophobic surface were implanted into the left carotid artery of rabbits for 2 weeks to verify the biocompatibility in vivo. The superhydrophobic surface could effectively eliminate blood cell adhesion and thrombosis. No obvious inflammation or inordinate proliferation was found by histological analysis. This research provides a facile and cost-effective strategy to prepare a blood-repellent surface, which may have promising applications in implanted biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
| | - Guiling Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Donghai Li
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Quhao Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
| | - Zehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Fang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
| | - Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
- Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China
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Zhang GD, Wu ZH, Xia QQ, Qu YX, Pan HT, Hu WJ, Zhao L, Cao K, Chen EY, Yuan Z, Gao JF, Mai YW, Tang LC. Ultrafast Flame-Induced Pyrolysis of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Foam Materials toward Exceptional Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Reliable Mechanical Robustness. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:23161-23172. [PMID: 33955739 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are imperative in flexible polymer foams for diverse applications; however, traditional surface coatings on soft skeletons are often fragile and can hardly endure severe deformation, making them unstable and highly susceptible to cyclic loadings. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to balance their mutual exclusiveness of mechanical robustness and surface water repellency on flexible substrates. Herein, we describe how robust superhydrophobic surfaces on soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) foams can be achieved using an extremely simple, ultrafast, and environmentally friendly flame scanning strategy. The ultrafast flame treatment (1-3 s) of PDMS foams produces microwavy and nanosilica rough structures bonded on the soft skeletons, forming robust superhydrophobic surfaces (i.e., water contact angles (WCAs) > 155° and water sliding angles (WSAs) < 5°). The rough surface can be effectively tailored by simply altering the flame scanning speed (2.5-15.0 cm/s) to adjust the thermal pyrolysis of the PDMS molecules. The optimized surfaces display reliable mechanical robustness and excellent water repellency even after 100 cycles of compression of 60% strain, stretching of 100% strain, and bending of 90° and hostile environmental conditions (including acid/salt/alkali conditions, high/low temperatures, UV aging, and harsh cyclic abrasion). Moreover, such flame-induced superhydrophobic surfaces are easily peeled off from ice and can be healable even after severe abrasion cycles. Clearly, the flame scanning strategy provides a facile and versatile approach for fabricating mechanically robust and surface superhydrophobic PDMS foam materials for applications in complex conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Qi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xiang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Tao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Kun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Er-Yu Chen
- NCO, Academy of PAP, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Yuan
- NCO, Academy of PAP, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Feng Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yiu-Wing Mai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Long-Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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Chen F, Xiang W, Yin S, Huang S. Magnetically Responsive Superhydrophobic Surface with Switchable Adhesivity Based on Electrostatic Air Spray Deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:20885-20896. [PMID: 33902284 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new method was reported for preparing a magnetically responsive superhydrophobic surface by electrostatic air spray deposition (EASD) and magnetic induction. The mixture was fully atomized under the combined action of the electrostatic field and the high-speed airflow field, and a dense array of micropillars was formed. The atomization mechanism of EASD was explored. The distribution and physical parameters of the micropillars were evaluated and counted. Switchable adhesion characteristics of the surface and the reversibility in 10 cycles were examined. The influences of different electrostatic voltages, component concentration, spray distance, air pressure, and magnetic field intensity on the surface morphology and hydrophobicity were analyzed. The prepared surface can be reversibly transformed between the high-adhesion state (with a contact angle of 108°) and the low-adhesion state (with a contact angle of 154°) by on/off switching of an external magnetic field. After a 2.2 kPa pressure load was applied, the surface contact angle was 144° with an applied magnetic field of 0.4 T. After heated at 90 °C for more than 90 min, the surface can almost obtain superhydrophobicity (with a contact angle of 148°) in the absence of a magnetic field. By utilizing the switchable surface adhesion characteristics, various kinds of droplet transmissions were realized. When the cured surface was spray-coated with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), active droplet manipulation can be achieved by simply moving the magnet. The advantages of this method include a simple preparation process without chemical surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Abstract
Droplet motion control on slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) that mimics the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata has promising applications in the fields of energy, lab-on-a-chip device, etc., yet is limited due to the difficulty in regulating its wettability. In this work, topologies with specific functions from natural creatures, for example, grooved structures of rice leaf and wedge-shaped structures of shore bird beak with droplet transporting capability were integrated with the SLIPS. Three-dimensional topological SLIPS was fabricated on metal substrates using laser milling followed by alkaline oxidation. Fabricated rice leaflike grooved nanotextured SLIPS can properly shape the droplet footprint to achieve a sliding resistance anisotropy of 109.8 μN, which is 27 times larger than that of a natural rice leaf and can therefore be used to efficiently and precisely transport droplets; wedge-shaped nanotextured SLIPS can confine the droplet footprint and squeeze droplet to produce a Laplace pressure gradient for continuous self-driven droplet transport. The created surfaces can manipulate droplets of acid, alkali, and salt solutions. The proposed concept is believed to have potential applications for condensing heat transfer and droplet-based lab-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
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Xin Q, Li X, Hou H, Liang Q, Guo J, Wang S, Zhang L, Lin L, Ye H, Zhang Y. Superhydrophobic Surface-Constructed Membrane Contactor with Hierarchical Lotus-Leaf-Like Interfaces for Efficient SO 2 Capture. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:1827-1837. [PMID: 33379865 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An organic-inorganic polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinylidene fluoride-silica (PVDF/PVDF-SiO2) mixed matrix membrane contactor is fabricated via a facile and efficient hydrophobic modification method. The solubility parameters of the PVDF particle are precisely regulated, the PVDF particles are blended with SiO2 nanoparticles to form PVDF-SiO2 suspension, and then the suspension is introduced onto the surface of the PVDF substrate by an in situ spin coating strategy. The PVDF particles are partly etched and incorporated to construct the adhesive PVDF-SiO2 core-shell layer on the PVDF substrate, which results in a more stable PVDF-SiO2 coating layer on the substrate. The surface structure is precisely regulated by changing the etching morphology of PVDF particles and amount of doped PVDF and SiO2 particles, forming an integrated porous PVDF-SiO2 layer and constructing hierarchical lotus-leaf-like interfaces. The resultant PVDF/PVDF-SiO2 membrane contactors display the relatively regular distribution of pore size with ∼420 nm and excellent hydrophobic property with a water contact angle of ∼158°, which noticeably lightens wetting phenomena of membrane contactors. The SO2 absorption fluxes can reach as high as 1.26 × 10-3 mol·m-2·s-1 using 0.625 M of ethanolamine (EA) as liquid absorbent. The high stability of the SO2 absorption flux test indicates the excellent interface compatibility between the PVDF-SiO2 coating layer and the PVDF substrate. The versatile organic-inorganic layer exhibits super hydrophobic property, which prevents wetting of membrane pores. In addition, the membrane mass transfer resistance (H/Km) and membrane phase transfer coefficient (Km) are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hailong Hou
- CNOOC Gas and Power Group/R & D Center, Chaoyang District Taiyanggong South Street No. 6, Beijing 100028, China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ligang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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Pan R, Zhang H, Zhong M. Triple-Scale Superhydrophobic Surface with Excellent Anti-Icing and Icephobic Performance via Ultrafast Laser Hybrid Fabrication. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:1743-1753. [PMID: 33370114 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Passive anti-icing or icephobic superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted great interest due to their potential multifaceted implications for the prevention and/or easy removal of undesired ice in many applications. However, a superhydrophobic surface with both excellent anti-icing and icephobic performances has rarely been reported due to difficulties in sustaining a good Cassie state stability. This is the case especially under high humidity and freezing environment conditions. In the present study, a new triple-scale micro/nanostructured superhydrophobic surface with both excellent anti-icing and icephobic properties has been designed via a hybrid method, combining ultrafast laser ablation and chemical oxidation. The novel surface structure is composed of periodical microcone arrays covered with densely grown nanograsses and dispersedly distributed microflowers. This surface exhibits an excellent Cassie state stability with its critical Laplace pressure reaching up to 1450 Pa, which is essential for good anti-icing and icephobic performances. The anti-icing feature of the prepared superhydrophobic surface is achieved by a rapid rolling-off of the impacting droplets. Moreover, an excellent resistance to the impact of high humidity has been achieved via hierarchical condensation, coalescence-induced jumping, and upward moving. A good delay of the heterogeneous nucleation at the solid-liquid interface under freezing condition has been registered as well, due to the presence of stable air pockets within the surface structures. In addition, the ice adhesion strength of the prepared superhydrophobic surface can be as low as 1.7 kPa, which is the lowest value when compared with the state-of-the-art superhydrophobic surfaces. Such a low ice adhesion strength allows the ice to be easily removed by its own weight and demonstrates an excellent icephobic performance. The repeated icing-deicing tests indicate a decent deicing robustness of the synthesized superhydrophobic surface. Thus, this triple-scale superhydrophobic surface exhibits a good anti-icing and icephobic performance with an excellent Cassie state stability, high humidity resistance, and good deicing durability. We hypothesize that the proposed fabrication strategy and associated basic findings will shed new light on the design of robust ice-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces and contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between superhydrophobicity and ice resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pan
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Minlin Zhong
- Laser Materials Processing Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Dong S, Wang Z, An L, Li Y, Wang B, Ji H, Wang H. Facile Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic Surface with Robust Micro-/Nanoscale Hierarchical Structures on Titanium Substrate. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10081509. [PMID: 32752033 PMCID: PMC7466599 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A superhydrophobic surface with robust structures on a metallic surface could improve its application in various harsh conditions. Herein, we developed a new strategy to fabricate robust micro-/nanoscale hierarchical structures with electrical discharge machining and electrochemical etching on a titanium substrate. After modification by fluorinated silane, the static water contact angle and slide angle of the surface could reach 162 ± 2° and 4 ± 1°, respectively. The superhydrophobic surfaces showed good corrosion resistance and mechanical stability after scratching with sandpapers. In addition, the superhydrophobic surfaces had good self-cleaning performance even in an acidic environment as well as the potential to be used as guiding tracks in droplet microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip systems. These results are expected to be helpful in designing the surface of liquid float gyroscope parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Dong
- College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (L.A.); (Y.L.); (B.W.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-0315-8805440 (S.D.); +86-451-8641-3485 (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-0315-8805440 (S.D.); +86-451-8641-3485 (Z.W.)
| | - Libao An
- College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (L.A.); (Y.L.); (B.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Yaogang Li
- College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (L.A.); (Y.L.); (B.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Baozhong Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (L.A.); (Y.L.); (B.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Hongchao Ji
- College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (L.A.); (Y.L.); (B.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Han Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;
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Wang R, Wu F, Xing D, Yu F, Gao X. Density Maximization of One-Step Electrodeposited Copper Nanocones and Dropwise Condensation Heat-Transfer Performance Evaluation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24512-24520. [PMID: 32363858 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, it is still a great challenge to obtain copper-based high-efficient dropwise condensation heat transfer (CHT) interfaces via template-free electrodepositing technologies. Here, we report that the density of template-free electrodeposited copper nanocones can maximally reach 1.5 × 106/mm2 by the synergistic control of substrate surface roughness, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular weight, and PEG concentration. After thiol modification, the densely packed copper nanocone samples can present low-adhesive superhydrophobicity and condensate microdrop self-jumping function at ambient environment. Condensation heat and mass transfer characterizations show that the CHT coefficient of copper surfaces can maximally enhance 98% for 20 °C vapor and 51% for 40 °C vapor by in situ growth of superhydrophobic densely packed copper nanocones. Although the dropwise condensation mode can change from the jumping mode to the mixed jumping and sweeping mode and the shedding-off mode along with the increase of surface subcooling and vapor temperature, the CHT performance of the nanosample is still superior to that of the contrast flat hydrophobic surface during the whole testing range of surface subcooling. As vapor temperature increases to 80 °C, the CHT performance of the nanosample is inferior to that of the contrast sample. The CHT enhancement under low-temperature vapor should be ascribed to the enhancement of small-drop mass transfer ability caused by low-adhesive superhydrophobicity nature of nanosample surfaces. Their performance degradation mainly results from increased drop-drop drag force along with the increase of surface subcooling and vapor temperature. In sharp contrast, the CHT deterioration under high-temperature vapor should be ascribed to larger drop-surface adhesion and drop-drop drag force. The former is caused by vapor penetration, whereas the latter is caused by the dramatically increased nucleation density and growth rate of condensates. These findings would help design and develop copper-based high-efficiency condensation heat transfer interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Functional Materials and Interfaces Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Functional Materials and Interfaces Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Xing
- Functional Materials and Interfaces Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fanfei Yu
- Functional Materials and Interfaces Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Functional Materials and Interfaces Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Dong Y, He Z, Gong H, Xu X, Zhao M, Qin H. Efficient Gas Transportation Using Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Yarn as the Gas-Siphon Underwater. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:18174-18181. [PMID: 32202403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the gas-trapped mechanism underwater of Argyroneta aquatica, we prepared a superhydrophobic yarn with a fiber network structure via a facile and environmentally friendly method. Attributed to the low surface energy, the superhydrophobic fiber network structure on the yarn is able to trap and transport bubbles directionally underwater. The functional yarn has good superhydrophobic and superaerophilic properties underwater to realize the directional transport of bubbles underwater without being pumped. We designed demonstration experiments on the antibuoyancy directional bubble transportation, which indicated the feasibility in the applications of gas-related fields. Significantly, on further testing, where the superhydrophobic yarn is put into a U-shaped pipe, we obtain a gas-siphon underwater with a high flux. The superhydrophobic fiber structure yarn can trap the gas underwater to enable the self-starting behavior while no manual intervention is used. The gas-siphon can convey gas over the edge of a vessel and deliver it at a higher level without energy input, which is driven by the differential pressure. The relationship between the differential pressure and the volume flux of transport bubbles is investigated. The experimental results show that the prepared superhydrophobic yarn has the advantages of good stability, easy preparation, and low cost in bubble continuous transportation underwater, which provides a novel strategy for the development and application of new technologies such as directional transportation, separation, exhaustion, and collection of gases in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Zhao He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Hanyuan Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Meiyun Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Hongling Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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