51
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Chen D, Hu W. In Situ Investigation of Electrochemically Mediated Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization by Electrochemical Surface Plasmon Resonance. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4355-4358. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daqun Chen
- Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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52
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Kim W, Jung J. Polymer brush: a promising grafting approach to scaffolds for tissue engineering. BMB Rep 2017; 49:655-661. [PMID: 27697112 PMCID: PMC5346310 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.12.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer brush is a soft material unit tethered covalently on the surface of scaffolds. It can induce functional and structural modification of a substrate’s properties. Such surface coating approach has attracted special attentions in the fields of stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine due to facile fabrication, usability of various polymers, extracellular matrix (ECM)-like structural features, and in vivo stability. Here, we summarized polymer brush-based grafting approaches comparing self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based coating method, in addition to physico-chemical characterization techniques for surfaces such as wettability, stiffness/elasticity, roughness, and chemical composition that can affect cell adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation. We also reviewed recent advancements in cell biological applications of polymer brushes by focusing on stem cell differentiation and 3D supports/implants for tissue formation. Understanding cell behaviors on polymer brushes in the scale of nanometer length can contribute to systematic understandings of cellular responses at the interface of polymers and scaffolds and their simultaneous effects on cell behaviors for promising platform designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonjung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Jongjin Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
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53
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KOIZUMI Y, INAGI S. Bipolar Electropolymerization for the Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Materials. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2017. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2017-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki KOIZUMI
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Shinsuke INAGI
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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54
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Tsuneishi C, Koizumi Y, Sueto R, Nishiyama H, Yasuhara K, Yamagishi TA, Ogoshi T, Tomita I, Inagi S. The controlled synthesis of pillar[6]arene-based hexagonal cylindrical structures on an electrode surface via electrochemical oxidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7454-7456. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02969a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation of pillar[6]arene containing six hydroquinones resulted in the formation of hexagonal cylindrical structures on an electrode surface driven by charge transfer interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Tsuneishi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Yuki Koizumi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Ryuta Sueto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kakuma-machi
- Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishiyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- 8916-5 Takayama
- Japan
| | - Tada-aki Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kakuma-machi
- Japan
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kakuma-machi
- Japan
- JST
| | - Ikuyoshi Tomita
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
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55
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Wu JG, Lee CY, Wu SS, Luo SC. Ionic Liquid-Assisted Electropolymerization for Lithographical Perfluorocarbon Deposition and Hydrophobic Patterning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22688-22695. [PMID: 27509480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel approach for hydrophobic patterning: combining the photolithography technique with ionic-liquid (IL)-based electropolymerization to fabricate a hydrophobic pattern. Perfluoro-functionalized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT-F) dispersed in ILs was directly electropolymerized on substrates, which were patterned in advance with positive photoresists. The positive photoresists did not dissolve in ionic liquids during the electropolymerization process, and the poly(EDOT-F) film created hydrophobic domains, which resulted in hydrophobic patterning. This approach provides desired patterns with a lateral resolution consistent with the mask for photolithography. Two kinds of modified indium-tin-oxide-coated glass (ITO-glass) substrates were used to demonstrate the feasibility of process for creating a hydrophobic pattern: ITO-glass substrates coated with nanostructured PEDOT, and the same substrates coated with Au nanoparticles. By confining water droplets on these two patterned substrates to form droplet arrays, we demonstrated two potential applications: multiple droplet-type electrochemical cells and surface-enhanced Raman scattering platforms. In addition, we also applied this approach to create hydrophobic patterning on ITO-coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) substrates. The droplet arrays remained well-organized on the ITO-PET substrates even when the substrates were bent. Our work successfully introduced ILs into the photolithography process, implying great potential for these green solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Guang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Shuo Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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56
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Masuda T, Akimoto AM, Nagase K, Okano T, Yoshida R. Artificial cilia as autonomous nanoactuators: Design of a gradient self-oscillating polymer brush with controlled unidirectional motion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600902. [PMID: 27602405 PMCID: PMC5007072 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A gradient self-oscillating polymer brush surface with ordered, autonomous, and unidirectional ciliary motion has been designed. The self-oscillating polymer is a random copolymer composed of N-isopropylacrylamide and ruthenium tris(2,2'-bipyridine) [Ru(bpy)3], which acts as a catalyst for an oscillating chemical reaction, the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. The target polymer brush surface was designed to have a thickness gradient by using sacrificial-anode atom transfer radical polymerization. The gradient structure of the polymer brush was confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. These analyses revealed that the thickness of the polymer brush was in the range of several tens of nanometers, and the amount of Ru(bpy)3 increased as the thickness increased. The gradient polymer brush induced a unidirectional propagation of the chemical wave from the region with small Ru(bpy)3 amounts to the region with large Ru(bpy)3 amounts. This spatiotemporal control of the ciliary motion would be useful in potential applications to functional surface such as autonomous mass transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukuru Masuda
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Aya Mizutani Akimoto
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nagase
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshida
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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57
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Li L, Nakaji-Hirabayashi T, Kitano H, Ohno K, Kishioka T, Usui Y. Gradation of proteins and cells attached to the surface of bio-inert zwitterionic polymer brush. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:180-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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58
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Carlini A, Adamiak L, Gianneschi NC. Biosynthetic Polymers as Functional Materials. Macromolecules 2016; 49:4379-4394. [PMID: 27375299 PMCID: PMC4928144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of functional polymers encoded with biomolecules has been an extensive area of research for decades. As such, a diverse toolbox of polymerization techniques and bioconjugation methods has been developed. The greatest impact of this work has been in biomedicine and biotechnology, where fully synthetic and naturally derived biomolecules are used cooperatively. Despite significant improvements in biocompatible and functionally diverse polymers, our success in the field is constrained by recognized limitations in polymer architecture control, structural dynamics, and biostabilization. This Perspective discusses the current status of functional biosynthetic polymers and highlights innovative strategies reported within the past five years that have made great strides in overcoming the aforementioned barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea
S. Carlini
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lisa Adamiak
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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59
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Huang Z, Chen J, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Zhu X. ICAR ATRP of Acrylonitrile under Ambient and High Pressure. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E59. [PMID: 30979165 PMCID: PMC6432573 DOI: 10.3390/polym8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that well-defined polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with high molecular weight (Mw > 106 g·mol-1) is an excellent precursor for high performance carbon fiber. In this work, a strategy for initiators for a continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ICAR ATRP) system for acrylonitrile (AN) was firstly established by using CuCl₂·2H₂O as the catalyst and 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as the thermal initiator in the presence of ppm level catalyst under ambient and high pressure (5 kbar). The effect of catalyst concentration and polymerization temperature on the polymerization behaviors was investigated. It is important that PAN with ultrahigh viscosity and average molecular weight (Mη = 1,034,500 g·mol-1) could be synthesized within 2 h under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Huang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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60
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Du T, Li B, Wang X, Yu B, Pei X, Huck WTS, Zhou F. Bio-Inspired Renewable Surface-Initiated Polymerization from Permanently Embedded Initiators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4260-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaowei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
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61
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Du T, Li B, Wang X, Yu B, Pei X, Huck WTS, Zhou F. Bio-Inspired Renewable Surface-Initiated Polymerization from Permanently Embedded Initiators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaowei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
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62
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Discekici EH, Pester CW, Treat NJ, Lawrence J, Mattson KM, Narupai B, Toumayan EP, Luo Y, McGrath AJ, Clark PG, Read de Alaniz J, Hawker CJ. Simple Benchtop Approach to Polymer Brush Nanostructures Using Visible-Light-Mediated Metal-Free Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:258-262. [PMID: 35614689 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of an operationally simple, metal-free surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) based on visible-light mediation is reported. The facile nature of this process enables the fabrication of well-defined polymer brushes from flat and curved surfaces using a "benchtop" setup that can be easily scaled to four-inch wafers. This circumvents the requirement of stringent air-free environments (i.e., glovebox), and mediation by visible light allows for spatial control on the micron scale, with complex three-dimensional patterns achieved in a single step. This robust approach leads to unprecedented access to brush architectures for nonexperts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre H. Discekici
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Christian W. Pester
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Nicolas J. Treat
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Jimmy Lawrence
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Kaila M. Mattson
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Benjaporn Narupai
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Edward P. Toumayan
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Yingdong Luo
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Paul G. Clark
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
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63
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Sequeira CAC, Cardoso DSP, Gameiro MLF. Bipolar Electrochemistry, a Focal Point of Future Research. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2016.1147031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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64
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Koizumi Y, Shida N, Ohira M, Nishiyama H, Tomita I, Inagi S. Electropolymerization on wireless electrodes towards conducting polymer microfibre networks. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10404. [PMID: 26804140 PMCID: PMC4737731 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymers can be easily obtained by electrochemical oxidation of aromatic monomers on an electrode surface as a film state. To prepare conducting polymer fibres by electropolymerization, templates such as porous membranes are necessary in the conventional methods. Here we report the electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and its derivatives by alternating current (AC)-bipolar electrolysis. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) derivatives were found to propagate as a fibre form from the ends of Au wires used as bipolar electrodes (BPEs) parallel to an external electric field, without the use of templates. The effects of applied frequency and of the solvent on the morphology, growth rate and degree of branching of these PEDOT fibres were investigated. In addition, a chain-growth model for the formation of conductive material networks was also demonstrated. Electropolymerization of aromatic monomers on bipolar electrodes is emerging as promising route to the surface modification of conductive objects. Here, the authors discover that some conducting polymers propagate as fibres, opening up the possibility of growing conductive polymer networks via a wireless process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Koizumi
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Shida
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Masato Ohira
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishiyama
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Ikuyoshi Tomita
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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65
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Koefoed L, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Grafting of Aryl Diazonium, Iodonium, and Sulfonium Salts in Unusual Patterns by Exploiting the Potential Gradient in Bipolar Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Line Koefoed
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Steen U. Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center; Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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66
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Koefoed L, Shimizu K, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K, Kuhn A, Zigah D. One-step preparation of bifunctionalized surfaces by bipolar electrografting. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20156j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) is used for the first time to graft molecular layers of different nature from a single bifunctional precursor compound simultaneously on the two opposite sides of a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Koefoed
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Kyoko Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Steen Uttrup Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center
| | | | - Dodzi Zigah
- Univ. Bordeaux
- ISM
- UMR 5255
- F-33400 Talence
- France
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67
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Abstract
The use of photocatalysts for visible light mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) provides an efficient route for the synthesis of well-defined polymers with spatial, temporal and sequence control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
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68
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Lorandi F, Fantin M, Isse AA, Gennaro A. Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization of n-butyl acrylate on non-platinum cathodes. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inexpensive metals and metal alloys were used as cathodes in well-controlled, electrochemically mediated ATRP ofn-butyl acrylate in DMF with the ppm level of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
- Center for Molecular Engineering
| | - Abdirisak A. Isse
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Armando Gennaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
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69
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Strover LT, Malmström J, Stubbing LA, Brimble MA, Travas-Sejdic J. Electrochemically-controlled grafting of hydrophilic brushes from conducting polymer substrates. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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70
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Nie G, Li G, Wang L, Zhang X. Nanocomposites of polymer brush and inorganic nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and application. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01333j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We tackle in this review the use of a subset of polymer brushes (e.g., polyelectrolytes and polyampholytes) for the embedment of inorganic NPs to make composite surfaces/NPs with specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genkuo Nie
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Guozhu Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
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71
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Lundgren A, Munktell S, Lacey M, Berglin M, Björefors F. Formation of Gold Nanoparticle Size and Density Gradients via Bipolar Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lundgren
- Department of Applied Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Sara Munktell
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory; Uppsala University, Box 538; SE-75121 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Lacey
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory; Uppsala University, Box 538; SE-75121 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mattias Berglin
- Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 857; SE-50115 Borås Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology; Gothenburg University, Box 462; SE-40530 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Fredrik Björefors
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory; Uppsala University, Box 538; SE-75121 Uppsala Sweden
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72
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Chen S, Wantz G, Bouffier L, Gao J. Solid-State Bipolar Electrochemistry: Polymer-Based Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shulun Chen
- Department of Physics; Engineering Physics and Astronomy; Queen's University, 64; Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Guillaume Wantz
- Université Bordeaux; Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Université. Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; 33400, Talence France
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Physics; Engineering Physics and Astronomy; Queen's University, 64; Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
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73
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74
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Shida N, Kitamura F, Fuchigami T, Tomita I, Inagi S. Signal-Amplified Analysis of Molecular Layers Prepared through Bipolar Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shida
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Fusao Kitamura
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Toshio Fuchigami
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Ikuyoshi Tomita
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Electronic Chemistry; Tokyo Institute of Tehchnology, 4259; Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
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75
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Loget G, Fabre B. Light-Driven Bipolar Electrochemical Logic Gates with Electrical or Optical Outputs. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Loget
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 (MaCSE) CNRS; Université de Rennes 1; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Bruno Fabre
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 (MaCSE) CNRS; Université de Rennes 1; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
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76
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Chen M, MacLeod MJ, Johnson JA. Visible-Light-Controlled Living Radical Polymerization from a Trithiocarbonate Iniferter Mediated by an Organic Photoredox Catalyst. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:566-569. [PMID: 35596283 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Living radical polymerization of acrylates and acrylamides from trithiocarbonate iniferters using a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bulb and 10-phenylphenothiazine as an organic photoredox catalyst is reported. With this system, chain growth can be efficiently switched between "on" and "off" in response to visible light. Polymer molar masses increase linearly with conversion, and narrow molar mass distributions are obtained. The excellent fidelity of the trithiocarbonate-iniferter enables the preparation of triblock copolymers from macro-iniferters under the same visible-light mediated protocol, using UV light without a photoredox catalyst or under traditional thermally induced RAFT conditions. We expect that the simplicity and efficiency of this metal-free, visible-light-mediated polymerization will enable the synthesis and modification of a range of materials under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michelle J. MacLeod
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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77
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke INAGI
- Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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