51
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Orsi DL, Douglas JT, Sorrentino JP, Altman RA. Cobalt-Catalyzed Selective Unsymmetrical Dioxidation of gem-Difluoroalkenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10451-10465. [PMID: 32697905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
gem-Difluoroalkenes represent valuable synthetic handles for organofluorine chemistry; however, most reactions of this substructure proceed through reactive intermediates prone to eliminate a fluorine atom and generate monofluorinated products. Taking advantage of the distinct reactivity of gem-difluoroalkenes, we present a cobalt-catalyzed regioselective unsymmetrical dioxygenation of gem-difluoroalkenes using phenols and molecular oxygen, which retains both fluorine atoms and provides β-phenoxy-β,β-difluorobenzyl alcohols. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction operates through a radical chain process initiated by Co(II)/O2/phenol and quenched by the Co-based catalyst. This mechanism enables the retention of both fluorine atoms, which contrasts most transition-metal-catalyzed reactions of gem-difluoroalkenes that typically involve defluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L Orsi
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Justin T Douglas
- Molecular Structures Group, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Jacob P Sorrentino
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Ryan A Altman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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52
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Zheng Y, Jia Y, Yuan Y, Jiang ZX, Yang Z. F --Free Deoxyhydrotrifluoromethylation of α-Keto Esters with Ph 3P +CF 2CO 2-: Synthesis of α-CF 3-Substituted Esters. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10913-10923. [PMID: 32692174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylated compounds are usually obtained via trifluoromethylation reaction by the use of CF3SiMe3 and NaSO2CF3, Umemoto's and Togni's reagents. Here, an external fluorine anion-free direct deoxyhydrotrifluoromethylation of α-keto esters with a difluoromethylating reagent has been achieved, in which the employment of water can promote the dissociation of the CF2 group to form a CF3 moiety, which provides the successful transformation. The current protocol demonstrates one of the most practical approaches to generate α-trifluoromethyl esters with a broad substrate scope and high functional group compatibility, in which it is applicable to late-stage modification of biologically active compounds and can be readily scaled up. Mechanistic investigation reveals that an in situ-generated gem-difluoroalkene intermediate is decomposed by water, giving rise to acid fluoride and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Jiang
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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53
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Qi S, Gao S, Xie X, Yang J, Zhang J. Palladium-Catalyzed Fluoroarylation of gem-Difluoroenynes to Access Trisubstituted Trifluoromethyl Allenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:5229-5234. [PMID: 32558574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various new transformations of gem-difluoroalkenes leading to trifluoromethyl substituted compounds have been well established in the past years. However, the development of new transformations of gem-difluoroenynes lags much behind. Herein is reported the fluoroarylation of 1,1-difluoro-1,3-enynes with aryl halides in the presence of silver fluoride affording trisubstituted trifluoromethyl allenes under the catalysis of palladium. The reaction features mild conditions, high functional-group tolerance, and high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shiquan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.,Stake Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai 519000, China
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54
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Wang X, Dong J, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang Q. Visible-Light-Mediated Manganese-Catalyzed Allylation Reactions of Unactivated Alkyl Iodides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7459-7467. [PMID: 32383380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a protocol for visible-light-mediated allylation reactions between unactivated alkyl iodides and allyl sulfones under mild conditions with catalysis by inexpensive and readily available Mn2(CO)10. This protocol is compatible with a wide array of sensitive functional groups and has a broad substrate scope with regard to both alkyl iodides and allyl sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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55
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Xu W, Xu X, Qing F. Synthesis and Properties of
CF
3
(
OCF
3
)
CH‐Substituted
Arenes and Alkenes
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 China
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56
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Visible‐Light‐Assisted Gold‐Catalyzed Fluoroarylation of Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5242-5247. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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57
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Tang H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Feng C. Visible‐Light‐Assisted Gold‐Catalyzed Fluoroarylation of Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Jun Tang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xinggui Zhang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Feng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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58
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Koley S, Altman RA. Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Functionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes. Isr J Chem 2020; 60:313-339. [PMID: 32523163 PMCID: PMC7286626 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
gem-Difluorinated alkenes are readily accessible building blocks that can undergo functionalization to provide a broad spectrum of fluorinated and non-fluorinated products. Herein, we review recent (since 2017) transition metal-catalyzed transformations of these specialized alkenes and summarize general reactivity patterns of these reactions. Many transition metal-catalyzed reactions undergo net C-F bond functionalization reactions to deliver monofluorinated products. These reactions typically proceed through β-fluoro alkylmetal intermediates that readily eliminate a β-fluoride to deliver monofluoroalkene products. A second series of reactions exploit coinage metal fluorides to add F- to the gem-difluorinated alkene, and further functionalization delivers trifluoromethyl-containing products. In stark contrast, few transition metal-catalyzed reactions proceed in net "fluorine-retentive processes" to deliver difluoromethylene-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvajit Koley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA
| | - Ryan A Altman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA
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59
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Liu C, Zhu C, Cai Y, Yang Z, Zeng H, Chen F, Jiang H. Fluorohalogenation of
gem
‐Difluoroalkenes: Synthesis and Applications of α‐Trifluoromethyl Halides. Chemistry 2020; 26:1953-1957. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of, Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
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60
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Du HW, Sun J, Gao QS, Wang JY, Wang H, Xu Z, Zhou MD. Synthesis of Monofluoroalkenes through Visible-Light-Promoted Defluorinative Alkylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes with 4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. Org Lett 2020; 22:1542-1546. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wu Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Sheng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Yun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - He Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Dong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
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61
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Terashima K, Kawasaki-Takasuka T, Agou T, Kubota T, Yamazaki T. Construction of trifluoromethylated quaternary stereocenters via p-quinone methides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3031-3034. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08936e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Development of a new synthetic method for the construction of quaternary centers with a CF3 group was realized by way of 1,6-addition of various nucleophiles to highly reactive δ-trifluoromethylated p-quinone methides generated in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Terashima
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Engineering
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei 184-8588
- Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawasaki-Takasuka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Engineering
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei 184-8588
- Japan
| | - Tomohiro Agou
- Department of Biomolecular Functional Engineering
- Ibaraki University
- Hitachi 316-8511
- Japan
| | - Toshio Kubota
- Department of Biomolecular Functional Engineering
- Ibaraki University
- Hitachi 316-8511
- Japan
| | - Takashi Yamazaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Engineering
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei 184-8588
- Japan
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62
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Liu C, Zeng H, Zhu C, Jiang H. Recent advances in three-component difunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10442-10452. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04318d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-component difunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes via the generation and transformation of a α-fluoroalkylated carbanion, a carbon–metal species, a radical, and a carbocation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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63
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Zhang X, Liu C, Deng Y, Cao S. Chemo- and regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted 2-aminothiophenes by the cyclization of gem-dibromo or gem-dichloroalkenes with β-keto tertiary thioamides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7540-7544. [PMID: 32966516 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01821j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A facile and practical method for the synthesis of 2,3,4-trisubstituted 2-aminothiophenes by the cyclization of gem-dibromoalkenes or gem-dichloroalkenes with β-keto tertiary thioamides has been developed. The cyclization reaction proceeded chemoselectively and regioselectively under metal-catalyst-free conditions, providing various structurally diverse 2,3,4-trisubstituted N,N'-dialkyl 2-aminothiophenes in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxue Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China.
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64
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Zubkov MO, Kosobokov MD, Levin VV, Kokorekin VA, Korlyukov AA, Hu J, Dilman AD. A novel photoredox-active group for the generation of fluorinated radicals from difluorostyrenes. Chem Sci 2019; 11:737-741. [PMID: 34123046 PMCID: PMC8146146 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04643g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-tetrafluoropyridinylthio group was suggested as a new photoredox-active moiety. The group can be directly installed on difluorostyrenes in a single step by the thiolene click reaction. It proceeds upon visible light catalysis with 9-phenylacridine providing various difluorinated sulfides as radical precursors. Single electron reduction of the C–S bond with the formation of fluoroalkyl radicals is enabled by the electron-poor azine ring. The intermediate difluorinated sulfides were involved in a series of photoredox reactions with silyl enol ethers, alkenes, nitrones and an alkenyl trifluoroborate. A new photoredox-active group was applied for the generation of fluorinated radicals from difluorostyrenes under blue light irradiation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail O Zubkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia .,Higher Chemical College, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia 9 Miusskaya sq. 125047 Moscow Russia
| | - Mikhail D Kosobokov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Vitalij V Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Vladimir A Kokorekin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia .,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 8-2 Trubetskaya st. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Alexander A Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University 1 Ostrovitianov st. 117997 Moscow Russia
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road 200032 Shanghai China
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
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65
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Fan P, Zhang C, Lan Y, Lin Z, Zhang L, Wang C. Photocatalytic hydroacylation of trifluoromethyl alkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12691-12694. [PMID: 31588452 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07285c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrofunctionalization of trifluoromethyl alkenes is highly challenging, because the nucleophilic addition is oftentimes followed by β-F elimination in this case. By the use of tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT) as a hydrogen-atom-transfer (HAT) photocatalyst for acyl C-H activation, we successfully avoid the β-F elimination in the hydroacylation of trifluoromethyl alkenes with aldehydes. This light (390 nm) promoted reaction provides a facile and efficient access to various β-CF3 ketones in complete regiocontrol with high functionality tolerance and 100% atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
| | - Chang Zhang
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
| | - Yun Lan
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiyang Lin
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
| | - Linchuan Zhang
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
| | - Chuan Wang
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 20237, P. R. China.
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66
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Photoredox-catalyzed oxo-amination of aryl cyclopropanes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4367. [PMID: 31554813 PMCID: PMC6761154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclopropanes represent a class of versatile building blocks in modern organic synthesis. While the release of ring strain offers a thermodynamic driving force, the control of selectivity for C–C bond cleavage and the subsequent regiochemistry of the functionalization remains difficult, especially for unactivated cyclopropanes. Here we report a photoredox-coupled ring-opening oxo-amination of electronically unbiased cyclopropanes, which enables the expedient construction of a host of structurally diverse β-amino ketone derivatives. Through one electron oxidation, the relatively inert aryl cyclopropanes are readily converted into reactive radical cation intermediates, which in turn participate in the ensuing ring-opening functionalizations. Based on mechanistic studies, the present oxo-amination is proposed to proceed through an SN2-like nucleophilic attack/ring-opening manifold. This protocol features wide substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and use of dioxygen as an oxidant both for catalyst regeneration and oxygen-incorporation. Moreover, a one-pot formal aminoacylation of olefins is described through a sequential cyclopropanation/oxo-amination. The ring-opening and functionalization of electronically unbiased cyclopropanes is highly challenging to achieve in a regioselective fashion. Here, the authors report a mild photoredox-coupled oxoamination of electronically unactivated aryl cyclopropanes with simple azaarenes and molecular oxygen.
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67
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Zhu C, Zhang YF, Liu ZY, Zhou L, Liu H, Feng C. Selective C-F bond carboxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with CO 2 by photoredox/palladium dual catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6721-6726. [PMID: 31367327 PMCID: PMC6625485 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic C-F bond carboxylation of organofluorines with CO2 gas remains a challenging problem in synthetic chemistry. Here, we describe a selective defluorinative carboxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes through photoredox/palladium dual catalysis. The C-F bond activation is enabled by single electron reduction through photoredox catalysis to generate a fluorovinyl radical, which subsequently participates in an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed carboxylation. This novel C-F functionalization proved applicable to a wide range of substituted gem-difluoroalkenes, providing a rapid access to valuable α-fluoroacrylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Yu-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Ze-Yao Liu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Haidong Liu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
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Sõrmus T, Lavogina D, Enkvist E, Uri A, Viht K. Efficient photocaging of a tight-binding bisubstrate inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11147-11150. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04978a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PKA bisubstrate inhibitor photocaging resulted in an over 5 orders of magnitude affinity difference between the photocaged and the active inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanel Sõrmus
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - Darja Lavogina
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - Erki Enkvist
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - Asko Uri
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - Kaido Viht
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| |
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