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Clavel C, Nogueira L, Laurent L, Iobagiu C, Vincent C, Sebbag M, Serre G. Induction of macrophage secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha through Fcgamma receptor IIa engagement by rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins complexed with fibrinogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:678-88. [PMID: 18311806 DOI: 10.1002/art.23284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is a dominant mediator of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to assess whether and how immune complexes (ICs) formed by the interaction of disease-specific autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins (ACPAs) with their main synovial target antigen, citrullinated fibrin, contribute to TNFalpha production by macrophages. METHODS An in vitro human model was developed in which monocyte-derived macrophages were stimulated with ACPA-containing ICs that were generated by capturing ACPAs from RA sera on immobilized citrullinated fibrinogen. Cellular activation was evaluated by TNFalpha assay in culture supernatants. Selective blockade of IC interactions with the 3 classes of Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaR) was used to assess the contribution of each receptor to macrophage activation. In addition, 2 citrullinated fibrin-derived peptides bearing major ACPA epitopes were tested for their capacity to inhibit formation of macrophage-activating ACPA-containing ICs. RESULTS ACPA-containing ICs induced a dose-dependent TNFalpha secretion by macrophages from 14 of 20 healthy donors. The macrophage response was systematically higher than that of the paired monocyte precursors. TNFalpha secretion was not reduced by blockade of FcgammaRI or FcgammaRIII, but was strongly repressed when interaction of ICs with FcgammaRII was prevented. The 2 citrullinated peptides significantly inhibited ACPA reactivity to citrullinated fibrinogen and, when tested together, almost completely abolished formation of macrophage-activating ICs, thereby diminishing the secreted TNFalpha levels. CONCLUSION Our model demonstrates the inflammatory potential of ACPA-containing ICs via engagement of FcgammaRIIa at the surface of macrophages, strongly supporting their pathophysiologic involvement. Continuing dissection of these molecular pathways could open the way to new therapeutic approaches in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Clavel
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5165 CNRS-Université Toulouse III, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 30 (IFR30) Toulouse, France
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Association study of IL2/IL21 and FcgRIIa: significant association with the IL2/IL21 region in Scandinavian coeliac disease families. Genes Immun 2008; 9:364-7. [DOI: 10.1038/gene.2008.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Forthal DN, Landucci G, Bream J, Jacobson LP, Phan TB, Montoya B. FcgammaRIIa genotype predicts progression of HIV infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 179:7916-23. [PMID: 18025239 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.11.7916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in FcgammaR genes are associated with susceptibility to or severity of a number of autoimmune and infectious diseases. We found that HIV-infected men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study with the FcgammaRIIa RR genotype progressed to a CD4(+) cell count of <200/mm(3) at a faster rate than individuals with the RH or HH genotypes (relative hazard = 1.6; p = 0.0001). However, progression to AIDS (using the broad definition of either a CD4(+) cell count <200/mm(3) or development of an AIDS-defining illness) was less impacted by FcgammaRIIa genotype, largely because HH homozygotes had an increased risk of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia as an AIDS-defining illness. We also showed that chronically infected subjects develop a substantial anti-gp120-specific IgG2 response. Moreover, HIV-1 immune complexes are more efficiently internalized by monocytes from HH subjects compared with RR subjects, likely because of the presence of IgG2 in the complexes. Finally, the FcgammaRIIIa F/V gene polymorphism was not associated with progression of HIV infection, but, as demonstrated previously, did predict the risk of Kaposi's sarcoma. These results demonstrate the importance of FcgammaRs in AIDS pathogenesis and point toward a critical role for interactions between FcgammaRs and immune complexes in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald N Forthal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Magnusson SE, Engström M, Jacob U, Ulfgren AK, Kleinau S. High synovial expression of the inhibitory FcgammaRIIb in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 9:R51. [PMID: 17521421 PMCID: PMC2206344 DOI: 10.1186/ar2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) have been identified as having important roles in the inflammatory joint reaction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and murine models of arthritis. However, the role of the inhibitory FcγRIIb in the regulation of the synovial inflammation in RA is less known. Here we have investigated synovial tissue from RA patients using a novel monoclonal antibody (GB3) specific for the FcγRIIb isoform. FcγRIIb was abundantly expressed in synovia of RA patients, in sharp contrast to the absence or weak staining of FcγRIIb in synovial biopsies from healthy volunteers. In addition, the expression of FcγRI, FcγRII and FcγRIII was analyzed in synovia obtained from early and late stages of RA. Compared with healthy synovia, which expressed FcγRII, FcγRIII but not FcγRI, all activating FcγRs were expressed and significantly up-regulated in RA, regardless of disease duration. Macrophages were one of the major cell types in the RA synovium expressing FcγRIIb and the activating FcγRs. Anti-inflammatory treatment with glucocorticoids reduced FcγR expression in arthritic joints, particularly that of FcγRI. This study demonstrates for the first time that RA patients do not fail to up-regulate FcγRIIb upon synovial inflammation, but suggests that the balance between expression of the inhibitory FcγRIIb and activating FcγRs may be in favour of the latter throughout the disease course. Anti-inflammatory drugs that target activating FcγRs may represent valuable therapeutics in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia E Magnusson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Programme for Molecular Immunology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 751 24, Sweden
| | - Marianne Engström
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Uwe Jacob
- SuppreMol, Am Klopferspitz 19, Martinsried, 821 52, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Ulfgren
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Sandra Kleinau
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Programme for Molecular Immunology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 751 24, Sweden
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Banda NK, Takahashi K, Wood AK, Holers VM, Arend WP. Pathogenic complement activation in collagen antibody-induced arthritis in mice requires amplification by the alternative pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:4101-9. [PMID: 17785849 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.4101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Immune complex-induced inflammation can be mediated by the classical pathway of complement. However, using mice genetically deficient in factor B or C4, we have shown that the collagen Ab-induced model of arthritis requires the alternative pathway of complement and is not dependent on the classical pathway. We now demonstrate that collagen Ab-induced arthritis is not altered in mice genetically deficient in either C1q or mannose-binding lectins A and C, or in both C1q and mannose-binding lectins. These in vivo results prove the ability of the alternative pathway to carry out pathologic complement activation in the combined absence of intact classical and lectin pathways. C3 activation was also examined in vitro by adherent collagen-anti-collagen immune complexes using sera from normal or complement-deficient mice. These results confirm the ability of the alternative pathway to mediate immune complex-induced C3 activation when C4 or C1q, or both C1q and mannose-binding lectins, are absent. However, when all three activation pathways of complement are intact, initiation by immune complexes occurs primarily by the classical pathway. These results indicate that the alternative pathway amplification loop, with its ability to greatly enhance C3 activation, is necessary to mediate inflammatory arthritis induced by adherent immune complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal K Banda
- Division of Rheumatology B115, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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56
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Nandakumar KS, Holmdahl R. Antibody-induced arthritis: disease mechanisms and genes involved at the effector phase of arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 8:223. [PMID: 17254316 PMCID: PMC1794524 DOI: 10.1186/ar2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
During the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) autoantibodies to IgG-Fc, citrullinated proteins, collagen type II (CII), glucose 6 phosphoisomerase (G6PI) and some other self-antigens appear. Of these, a pathogenic effect of the anti-CII and anti-G6PI antibodies is well demonstrated using animal models. These new antibody mediated arthritis models have proven to be very useful for studies involved in understanding the molecular pathways of the induction of arthritis in joints. Both the complement and FcgammaR systems have been found to play essential roles. Neutrophils and macrophages are important inflammatory cells and the secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1beta is pathogenic. The identification of the genetic polymorphisms predisposing to arthritis is important for understanding the complexity of arthritis. Disease mechanisms and gene regions studied using the two antibody-induced arthritis mouse models (collagen antibody-induced arthritis and serum transfer-induced arthritis) are compared and discussed for their relevance in RA pathogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibody Specificity
- Arthritis, Experimental
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantibodies/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Markers/genetics
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/genetics
- Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Rheumatoid Factor/metabolism
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Medical Inflammation Research, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
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van de Velde NC, Mottram PL, Hogarth PM. FcgammaRII and multi-system autoimmune disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:329-38. [PMID: 17091247 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-006-0056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The FcR are a crucial link in the immune response between humoral and cellular immunity and cell-based effector systems, mediating a wide variety of physiological and biochemical responses. The FcR for IgG (FcgammaR) and in particular the most widely expressed of these, FcgammaRII, are important in regulating adaptive immunity. Disruption of their function is a key factor in the development of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are characterized by chronic, multi-organ inflammation. Studies of the FcgammaRII include structure/function relationships, investigation of the associations between FcR polymorphisms and human disease and animal studies using knockout or transgenic mouse models. These investigations showed that the various forms of FcgammaRII interact with immune complexes to either initiate or inhibit inflammation. In conjunction with environmental antigens and genotype, the FcgammaRII activating and inhibitory receptors determine the nature and magnitude of response to antigens. In this review, the structure and function of the FcgammaRIIs and their role in immune complex-mediated auto-immunity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C van de Velde
- Burnet Institute (Austin Campus), Austin Hospital, Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia,
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Boross P, Verbeek JS. The complex role of Fcγ receptors in the pathology of arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:339-50. [PMID: 17043867 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-006-0049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies of the IgG class and the immune complexes they form are central players in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Receptors for the Fc part of IgG, FcgammaR constitute one of the main effector mechanisms through which IgG immune complexes exert their action. The different members of the FcgammaR family exhibit extensive structural homology leading to redundancy in ligand specificity and signal transduction. Moreover, the initiation of effector mechanisms by IgG immune complexes can also be mediated by the complement system. This strong redundancy and high degree of complexity hampers a direct in vivo analysis of antibody effector pathways. Over the last decade, mice deficient for different combinations of FcgammaR have been generated by gene targeting. These knockout mice provide excellent tools to define the specific contribution of the different FcgammaR to IgG effector pathways in well-established in vivo mouse models for arthritis. This review will discuss the results of the studies that analyze the role of the different members of the FcgammaR family in murine arthritis models and their implications for our understanding of the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Boross
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Postzone S4-P P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands,
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Yim YK, Lee H, Hong KE, Kim YI, Lee BR, Son CG, Kim JE. Electro-acupuncture at acupoint ST36 reduces inflammation and regulates immune activity in Collagen-Induced Arthritic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2006; 4:51-7. [PMID: 17342241 PMCID: PMC1810363 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nel054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and immuno-regulatory effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) at ST36 on Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Male DBA/1J mice were divided into five groups: Normal, Control, NR (needle retention), EAI and EAII. All mice except those in the normal group were immunized with Collagen II for arthritis induction. Acupuncture needles were inserted into mice ST36 and electrical currents at a frequency of 2 Hz in a continuous rectangular wave form were conducted through the needles for 15 min, 3 times a week. EA treatments were administered for 5 weeks in the EAI group and for 9 weeks in the EAII group. The mice in the NR group were acupunctured in the same manner as the EA groups and the needles were retained for 15 min without electrical stimulation. CIA incidence analysis, ELISA, histological analysis and FACS analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of EA on CIA. EA at ST36 significantly reduced CIA incidence, IL-6, TNF-a, INF-γ, collagen II antibody, IgG and IgM levels in CIA mice serum and prevented knee joint destruction. EA at ST36 also reduced CD69+/CD3e+ cells and CD11a+/CD19+ cells in CIA mice lymph nodes, and CD11b+/Gr1+ cells in CIA mice knee joints. The ratios of CD3e+ cells to CD19+ cells, and CD8+ cells to CD4+ cells were maintained closer to the normal range in the EA groups as compared with the control group or the NR group. EAII was more effective than EAI throughout all the measurements. The NR was effective as well, though less effective than EA. EA at ST36 may have an anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and immuno-regulatory effects on CIA in mice. The effectiveness is stronger when EA starts earlier and is applied longer. Needle retention without electrical stimulation may be effective on CIA as well, however less effective than EA. Electrical stimulation and acupoint ST36 may have synergistic effects on CIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kyoung Yim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Kwon-Eui Hong
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Byung-Ryul Lee
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Hospital, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon university South Korea
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Mullazehi M, Mathsson L, Lampa J, Rönnelid J. Surface-bound anti-type II collagen-containing immune complexes induce production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-8 from peripheral blood monocytes via Fc gamma receptor IIA: a potential pathophysiologic mechanism for humoral anti-type II collagen immunity in arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:1759-71. [PMID: 16736518 DOI: 10.1002/art.21892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type II collagen (CII) is a major component of hyaline cartilage, and antibodies against CII are found in a subgroup of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We undertook this study to investigate whether and how antibodies directed against CII can form solid-phase immune complexes (ICs) with cytokine-inducing properties in a model theoretically resembling the situation in the inflamed joint, in which CII is exposed for interaction with anti-CII antibodies during periods of inflammation. METHODS Sixty-five arthritis patients with varying levels of anti-native CII antibodies and 10 healthy controls were evaluated concerning anti-CII and cytokines induced in a solid-phase IC model. Monocytes were either depleted or enriched to define responder cells. Antibodies blocking Fc gamma receptors (Fc gammaR) were used to define the responsible T cell surface receptors. RESULTS ICs containing anti-CII from arthritis patients induced the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-8. We found a close correlation between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density values and induction of TNFalpha (r = 0.862, P < 0.0001), IL-1beta (r = 0.839, P < 0.0001), and IL-8 (r = 0.547, P < 0.0001). The anti-CII-containing IC density threshold needed for cytokine induction differed among peripheral blood mononuclear cell donors. Anti-CII-containing IC-induced cytokine production was almost totally abolished (>99%) after monocyte depletion, and receptor blocking studies showed significant decreases in the production of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and IL-8 after blocking Fc gammaRIIa, but not after blocking Fc gammaRIII. CONCLUSION These findings represent a possible mechanism for perpetuation of joint inflammation in the subgroup of arthritis patients with high levels of anti-CII. Blockade of Fc gammaRIIa and suppression of synovial macrophages are conceivable treatment options in such patients.
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Powell MS, Barnes NC, Bradford TM, Musgrave IF, Wines BD, Cambier JC, Hogarth PM. Alteration of the Fc gamma RIIa dimer interface affects receptor signaling but not ligand binding. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 176:7489-94. [PMID: 16751395 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.12.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of cell surface FcRs by immune complexes induces a number of important Ab-dependent effector functions. However, despite numerous studies that examine receptor function, very little is known about the molecular organization of these receptors within the cell. In this study, protein complementation, mutagenesis, and ligand binding analyses demonstrate that human FcgammaRIIa is present as a noncovalent dimer form. Protein complementation studies found that FcgammaRIIa molecules are closely associated. Mutagenesis of the dimer interface, as identified by crystallographic analyses, did not affect ligand binding yet caused significant alteration to the magnitude and kinetics of receptor phosphorylation. The data suggest that the ligand binding and the dimer interface are distinct regions within the receptor, and noncovalent dimerization of FcgammaRIIa may be an essential feature of the FcgammaRIIa signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree S Powell
- The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health Limited, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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