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Kim HJ, Kwon C, Lee BS, Noh H. One-step sensing of foodborne pathogenic bacteria using a 3D paper-based device. Analyst 2019; 144:2248-2255. [PMID: 30775740 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Managing food contamination from bacteria has been an ongoing issue in the public health and industrial fields. Enzymatic substrates possessing optical properties, e.g. fluorescence or color manifestation, are widely exploited in pathogenic/non-pathogenic bacteria culture methods. Recently, various chromogenic substrates have been utilized in the development of point-of-care diagnostic tools. Herein, four types of chromogenic substrates were exploited to develop paper-based sensors for major foodborne pathogens. We designed a compact sized three-dimensional paper device with a simple user interface. By inserting functional layers in the middle of multilayers, pre-lysis and pH regulation steps were excluded and the analysis time was subsequently reduced, while only one sample droplet was needed for the whole analysis process. After the enzymatic reactions had proceeded, target-specific colors appeared. When it was combined with enrichment, 101 cfu mL-1 of pathogens were successfully detected in 4-8 hours, while those in milk samples were readily sensed in 12 hours. The proposed bacteria sensor exhibited great advantages of low cost, portability and simple operation, while showing a respectable limit-of-detection as low as 101 cfu mL-1 and below. Significantly, we emphasize that it takes fewer steps than existing methods and provides a reduced analysis time owing to the layer functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok Jung Kim
- Department of Optometry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoultech), 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea.
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Nantaphol S, Kava AA, Channon RB, Kondo T, Siangproh W, Chailapakul O, Henry CS. Janus electrochemistry: Simultaneous electrochemical detection at multiple working conditions in a paper-based analytical device. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1056:88-95. [PMID: 30797465 PMCID: PMC6814273 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous detection of multiple analytes from a single sample is a critical tool for the analysis of real world samples. However, this is challenging to accomplish in the field by current electroanalytical techniques, where tuning assay conditions towards a target analyte often results in poor selectivity and sensitivity for other species in the mixture. In this work, an electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) capable of performing simultaneous electrochemical experiments in different solution conditions on a single sample was developed for the first time. We refer to the system as a Janus-ePAD after the two-faced Greek god because of the ability of the device to perform electrochemistry on the same sample under differing solution conditions at the same time with a single potentiostat. In a Janus-ePAD, a sample wicks down two channels from a single inlet towards two discreet reagent zones that adjust solution conditions, such as pH, before flow termination in two electrochemical detection zones. These zones feature independent working electrodes and shared reference and counter electrodes, facilitating simultaneous detection of multiple species at each species' optimal solution condition. The device utility and applicability are demonstrated through the simultaneous detection of two biologically relevant species (norepinephrine and serotonin) and a common enzymatic assay product (p-aminophenol) at two different solution pH conditions. Janus-ePADs show great promise as an inexpensive and broadly applicable platform which can reduce the complexity and/or number of steps required in multiplexed analysis, while also operating under the optimized conditions of each species present in a mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Nantaphol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Alyssa A Kava
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Robert B Channon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States.
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53
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Deng M, Liao C, Wang X, Chen S, Qi F, Zhao X, Yu P. A paper-based colorimetric microfluidic sensor fabricated by a novel spray painting prototyping process for iron analysis. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple, and low-cost spray painting technique has been developed for the fabrication of microfluidic paper-based devices. The devices that we developed utilize aerosol spray paint to build hydrophobic barriers and employ a hole puncher to obtain paper-based patterned layers and paper dots without using any specialized instruments (e.g., without a laser cutter). The entire manufacturing process is extremely simple, inexpensive, and rapid, which means that it can be applied broadly. Furthermore, the application of the device to iron detection was demonstrated. A linear relationship between the colour value and the iron concentration was observed from 0 to 0.02 g/L. The developed microfluidic paper-based device for iron detection exhibited a low detection limit (0.00090 g/L), good selectivity, and acceptable recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Changhan Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Shangda Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Fugang Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xueliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geological Environment Monitoring Technology, Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, Baoding 071051, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
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Matsuda Y, Sakai K, Yamaguchi H, Niimi T. Electrophoretic Separation on an Origami Paper-Based Analytical Device Using a Portable Power Bank. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1724. [PMID: 30974917 PMCID: PMC6480285 DOI: 10.3390/s19071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The electrophoresis of ampholytes such as amino acids on a paper device is difficult because of the variation of pH distribution in time. On the basis of this observation, we propose a paper-based analytical device (PAD) with origami structure. By folding a filter paper, a low operation voltage of 5 V was achieved, where the power was supplied by a 5 V 1.5 A portable power bank through the USB type A receptacle. As a demonstration, we carried out the electrophoretic separation of pI markers (pI 5.5 and 8.7). The separation was achieved within 4 min before the pH distribution on the paper varied. Though the separation distance was small, it could be increased by expanding the origami structure. This result indicates that our proposed PAD is useful for electrophoretic separation on a paper device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsuda
- Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ookubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Katsunori Sakai
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan; (K.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yamaguchi
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan; (K.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Tomohide Niimi
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan; (K.S.); (H.Y.)
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Lamas-Ardisana P, Martínez-Paredes G, Añorga L, Grande H. The effect of the evaporation rate on electrochemical measurements with paper-based analytical devices and its minimisation by enclosure with adhesive tape. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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56
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Manbohi A, Ahmadi SH. Sensitive and selective detection of dopamine using electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical nanosensor. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2019.100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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57
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Cao Q, Liang B, Tu T, Wei J, Fang L, Ye X. Three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated devices (3D-PMED) for wearable electrochemical glucose detection. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5674-5681. [PMID: 35515907 PMCID: PMC9060762 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wearable electrochemical sensors have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Here, a three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated device (3D-PMED) was demonstrated for real-time monitoring of sweat metabolites. The 3D-PMED was fabricated by wax screen-printing patterns on cellulose paper and then folding the pre-patterned paper four times to form five stacked layers: the sweat collector, vertical channel, transverse channel, electrode layer and sweat evaporator. A sweat monitoring device was realized by integrating a screen-printed glucose sensor on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with the fabricated 3D-PMED. The sweat flow process in 3D-PMED was modelled with red ink to demonstrate the capability of collecting, analyzing and evaporating sweat, due to the capillary action of filter paper and hydrophobicity of wax. The glucose sensor was designed with a high sensitivity (35.7 μA mM-1 cm-2) and low detection limit (5 μM), considering the low concentration of glucose in sweat. An on-body experiment was carried out to validate the practicability of the three-dimensional sweat monitoring device. Such a 3D-PMED can be readily expanded for the simultaneous monitoring of alternative sweat electrolytes and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingpeng Cao
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86 571 87951676 +86 571 87952756
| | - Bo Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86 571 87951676 +86 571 87952756
| | - Tingting Tu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86 571 87951676 +86 571 87952756
| | - Jinwei Wei
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86 571 87951676 +86 571 87952756
| | - Lu Fang
- College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Ye
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86 571 87951676 +86 571 87952756
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58
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Gebretsadik T, Belayneh T, Gebremichael S, Linert W, Thomas M, Berhanu T. Recent advances in and potential utilities of paper-based electrochemical sensors: beyond qualitative analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:2467-2479. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02463d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Paper based electrochemical sensors (PESs) are simple, low-cost, portable and disposable analytical sensing platforms that can be applied in clinical diagnostics, food quality control and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfay Gebretsadik
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Belayneh
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Sosina Gebremichael
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Wolfgang Linert
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna University of Technology
- A-1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Madhu Thomas
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Tarekegn Berhanu
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
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59
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Fu E. Paper Microfluidics for POC Testing in Low-Resource Settings. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6229-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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60
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Nanni PI, González‐López A, Nunez‐Bajo E, Madrid RE, Fernández‐Abedul MT. Staple‐Based Paper Electrochemical Platform for Celiac Disease Diagnosis. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula I. Nanni
- Departamento de Química Física y AnalíticaUniversidad de Oviedo 33006 Oviedo Spain
- Inst. Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO)CONICET-UNT 4000 – S.M. de Tucumán Argentina
- Lab. de Medios e InterfacesDepartamento de BioingenieríaFACET, UNT 4000 – S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | | | - Estefanía Nunez‐Bajo
- Departamento de Química Física y AnalíticaUniversidad de Oviedo 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Rossana E. Madrid
- Inst. Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO)CONICET-UNT 4000 – S.M. de Tucumán Argentina
- Lab. de Medios e InterfacesDepartamento de BioingenieríaFACET, UNT 4000 – S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
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Abstract
This paper focuses on one of the most commonly encountered materials in our society, namely paper. Paper is an inherently complex material, yet its use provides for chemical analysis approaches that are elegant in their simplicity of execution. In the first half of the previous century, paper in scientific research was used mainly for filtration and chromatographic separation. While its use decreased with the rise of modern elution chromatography, paper remains a versatile substrate for low-cost analytical tests. Recently, we have seen renewed interest to work with paper in (bio)analytical science, a result of the growing demand for inexpensive, portable analysis. Dried blood spotting, paper microfluidics, and paper spray ionization are areas in which paper is (re)establishing itself as an important material. These research areas all exploit several properties of paper, including stable sample storage, passive fluid movement and manipulation, chromatographic separation/extraction, modifiable surface and/or volume, easily altered shape, easy transport, and low cost. We propose that the real, and to date underexploited, potential of paper lies in utilizing its combined characteristics to add new dimensions to paper-based (bio)chemical analysis, expanding its applicability. This article provides the reader with a short historical perspective on the scientific use of paper and the developments that led to the establishment of the aforementioned research areas. We review important characteristics of paper and place them in a scientific context in this descriptive, yet critical, assessment of the achieved and the achievable in paper-based analysis. The ultimate goal is the exploration of integrative approaches at the interface between the different fields in which paper is or can be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ij Salentijn
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy , University of Groningen , Antonius Deusinglaan 1 , 9713 AV Groningen , The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , Wageningen University and Research , Stippeneng 4 , 6708 WE Wageningen , The Netherlands
| | - M Grajewski
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy , University of Groningen , Antonius Deusinglaan 1 , 9713 AV Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - E Verpoorte
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy , University of Groningen , Antonius Deusinglaan 1 , 9713 AV Groningen , The Netherlands
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62
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Mettakoonpitak J, Henry CS. Electrophoretic Separations on Parafilm-Paper-Based Analytical Devices. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018; 273:1022-1028. [PMID: 32863586 PMCID: PMC7450514 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mPADs) have gained significant attention in recent years for applications ranging from clinical diagnostics to environmental testing. However, separation on mPADs remain challenging to implement, particularly in complex samples. This has revived interest in revisiting paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis in mPADs to address these needs. Here, laminated Parafilm-paper (l-paper) is applied to fabricate electrophoretic devices. This approach yields a free-standing channel, leading to improved peak resolution relative to previous electrophoretic separations in traditional wax-printed mPADs. Major factors influencing the separation, including Joule heating, electroosmotic flow, and electrophoretic mobility, were investigated. As a result of paper's high ratio of surface area (78%) to pore volume (22%) resulting in slow heat dissipation, a usable applied field strength range of 0 - 200 V cm-1 was employed to avoid Joule heating. The electroosmotic flow of the system was found to be 2.5 × 10-5 ± 7.7 × 10-7 cm2 V-1s-1 and the electrophoretic mobility of chlorophenol red was 1.2 × 10-4 ± 7.7 × 10-7 cm2 V-1s-1. Basic separation protocols were optimized using colorimetric detection of chlorophenol red and indigo carmine dyes as representative molecules. Paper type, channel width, and applied potential were then used to optimize the separations. Addition of an injection port to the device improved resolution and reduced peak broadening. Finally, the separation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and L-glutamic acid (Glu) labeled with FITC, was successfully carried out using the l-paper electrophoretic device. Imaging with a microscope was found to achieve reduced peak broadening and increased resolution relative to imaging with a mobile camera, due to elimination of background signal, achieving a 72 ± 4% conjugation of Glu and FITC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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63
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Silvestre ALP, Milani MI, Rossini EL, Pezza L, Pezza HR. A paper platform for colorimetric determination of aluminum hydrochloride in antiperspirant samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:432-435. [PMID: 29966896 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple, fast, low-cost, portable, and eco-friendly method using a spot test on a paper platform, together with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, was developed and validated for the quantification of aluminum hydrochloride, a potential neurotoxic agent, in antiperspirant samples. The determination of aluminum hydrochloride was performed at a wavelength of 615 nm, by measuring consumption of the purple colorimetric reagent Alizarin S, due to reaction with aluminum. The linear range was from 10.0 to 125.0 mg L-1 and could be described by the equation: AR = 0.4479 - 0.002543 CAl (R = 0.999). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 3.06 and 10.2 mg L-1, respectively. The method was specific, accurate, and repeatable, with relative standard deviation (RSD) <5.0%. The recovery was between 92.2 and 103.4%. The method was successfully used for the determination of aluminum hydrochloride in commercial antiperspirant samples, revealing concentrations below the maximum permitted by current legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Letícia Polli Silvestre
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel Milani
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luiz Rossini
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pezza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Redigolo Pezza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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64
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Rewatkar P, Goel S. Paper-Based Membraneless Co-Laminar Microfluidic Glucose Biofuel Cell With MWCNT-Fed Bucky Paper Bioelectrodes. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2018; 17:374-379. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2018.2857406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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65
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Sierra T, Crevillen AG, Escarpa A. Electrochemical detection based on nanomaterials in CE and microfluidic systems. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:113-123. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sierra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Madrid Spain
- Chemical Research Institute “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR); University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
| | - Agustin G. Crevillen
- Department of Analytical Sciences; Faculty of Sciences; Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Madrid Spain
- Chemical Research Institute “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR); University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
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Pashchenko O, Shelby T, Banerjee T, Santra S. A Comparison of Optical, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Colorimetric Point-of-Care Biosensors for Infectious Disease Diagnosis. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1162-1178. [PMID: 29860830 PMCID: PMC6736529 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Each year, infectious diseases are responsible for millions of deaths, most of which occur in the rural areas of developing countries. Many of the infectious disease diagnostic tools used today require a great deal of time, a laboratory setting, and trained personnel. Due to this, the need for effective point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools is greatly increasing with an emphasis on affordability, portability, sensitivity, specificity, timeliness, and ease of use. In this Review, we discuss the various diagnostic modalities that have been utilized toward this end and are being further developed to create POC diagnostic technologies, and we focus on potential effectiveness in resource-limited settings. The main modalities discussed herein are optical-, electrochemical-, magnetic-, and colorimetric-based modalities utilized in diagnostic technologies for infectious diseases. Each of these modalities feature pros and cons when considering application in POC settings but, overall, reveal a promising outlook for the future of this field of technological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Pashchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, 1701 South Broadway Street, Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
| | - Tyler Shelby
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, 1701 South Broadway Street, Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
| | - Tuhina Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, 1701 South Broadway Street, Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
| | - Santimukul Santra
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, 1701 South Broadway Street, Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
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Lee VBC, Mohd-Naim NF, Tamiya E, Ahmed MU. Trends in Paper-based Electrochemical Biosensors: From Design to Application. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:7-18. [PMID: 29321461 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.34.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical bio-sensing using paper-based detection systems is the main focus of this review. The different existing designs of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional sensors, and fabrication techniques are discussed. This review highlights the effect of adopting different sensor designs, distinct fabrication techniques, as well as different modification methods, in order to produce reliable and reproducible reading. The use of various nanomaterials have been demonstrated in order to modify the surface of electrodes during fabrication to further enhance the signal for subsequent analysis. The reviewed sensors were classified into categories based on their applications, such as diagnostics, environmental and food testing. One of the major advantages of using paper-based electrochemical sensors is the potential for miniaturization, which only requires relatively small amount of samples, and the low cost for the purpose of mass production. Additionally, most of the devices reviewed were made to be portable, making them well-suited for on-site detection. Finally, paper-based detection is an ideal platform to fabricate cost-effective, user-friendly and sensitive electrochemical biosensors, with large capacity for customization depending on functional needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Bee Chin Lee
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
| | | | - Eiichi Tamiya
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
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Paschoalino WJ, Kogikoski S, Barragan JTC, Giarola JF, Cantelli L, Rabelo TM, Pessanha TM, Kubota LT. Emerging Considerations for the Future Development of Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Devices. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waldemir J. Paschoalino
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Sergio Kogikoski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - José T. C. Barragan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Juliana F. Giarola
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Lory Cantelli
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Thais M. Rabelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Tatiana M. Pessanha
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Lauro T. Kubota
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas-SP Brazil
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69
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Dias AA, Cardoso TMG, Chagas CLS, Oliveira VXG, Munoz RAA, Henry CS, Santana MHP, Paixão TRLC, Coltro WKT. Detection of Analgesics and Sedation Drugs in Whiskey Using Electrochemical Paper-based Analytical Devices. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson A. Dias
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | - Thiago M. G. Cardoso
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | - Cyro L. S. Chagas
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo A. A. Munoz
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia, MG 38408-100 Brazil
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins, CO 80523 United States of America
| | - Mário H. P. Santana
- Unidade Técnico-Científica -; Superintendência Regional da Polícia Federal em MG; Uberlândia, MG 38408-6630 Brazil
| | - Thiago R. L. C. Paixão
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Wendell K. T. Coltro
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
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70
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Economou A, Kokkinos C, Prodromidis M. Flexible plastic, paper and textile lab-on-a chip platforms for electrochemical biosensing. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1812-1830. [PMID: 29855637 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Flexible biosensors represent an increasingly important and rapidly developing field of research. Flexible materials offer several advantages as supports of biosensing platforms in terms of flexibility, weight, conformability, portability, cost, disposability and scope for integration. On the other hand, electrochemical detection is perfectly suited to flexible biosensing devices. The present paper reviews the field of integrated electrochemical bionsensors fabricated on flexible materials (plastic, paper and textiles) which are used as functional base substrates. The vast majority of electrochemical flexible lab-on-a-chip (LOC) biosensing devices are based on plastic supports in a single or layered configuration. Among these, wearable devices are perhaps the ones that most vividly demonstrate the utility of the concept of flexible biosensors while diagnostic cards represent the state-of-the art in terms of integration and functionality. Another important type of flexible biosensors utilize paper as a functional support material enabling the fabrication of low-cost and disposable paper-based devices operating on the lateral flow, drop-casting or folding (origami) principles. Finally, textile-based biosensors are beginning to emerge enabling real-time measurements in the working environment or in wound care applications. This review is timely due to the significant advances that have taken place over the last few years in the area of LOC biosensors and aims to direct the readers to emerging trends in this field.
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71
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Lamas-Ardisana P, Martínez-Paredes G, Añorga L, Grande H. Glucose biosensor based on disposable electrochemical paper-based transducers fully fabricated by screen-printing. Biosens Bioelectron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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72
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Gerold CT, Bakker E, Henry CS. Selective Distance-Based K+ Quantification on Paper-Based Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4894-4900. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chase T. Gerold
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, United States
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, The University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, The University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, United States
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73
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74
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75
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Nguyen MP, Meredith NA, Kelly SP, Henry CS. Design considerations for reducing sample loss in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. Anal Chim Acta 2018. [PMID: 29534791 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) is most notably characterized by portable and low-cost analysis; however, struggles to achieve the high sensitivity and low detection limits needs required for many environmental applications hinder widespread adoption of this technology. Loss of analyte to the device material represents an important problem impacting sensitivity. Critically, we found that at least 50% of a Ni(II) sample is lost when being transported down a 30 mm paper channel that is representative of structures commonly found in μPADs. In this work, we report simple strategies such as adding a waste zone, enlarging the detection zone, and using an elution step to increase device performance. A μPAD combining the best performing functionalities led to a 78% increase in maximum signal and a 28% increase in sensitivity when transporting Ni(II) samples. Using the optimized μPAD also led to a 94% increase in maximum signal for Mn(II) samples showing these modifications can be applied more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - Nathan A Meredith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| | - Sydney P Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States.
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76
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Akyazi T, Basabe-Desmonts L, Benito-Lopez F. Review on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices towards commercialisation. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1001:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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77
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Almeida MIG, Jayawardane BM, Kolev SD, McKelvie ID. Developments of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for water analysis: A review. Talanta 2018; 177:176-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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78
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Mettakoonpitak J, Miller-Lionberg D, Reilly T, Volckens J, Henry CS. Low-Cost Reusable Sensor for Cobalt and Nickel Detection in Aerosols Using Adsorptive Cathodic Square-Wave Stripping Voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017; 805:75-82. [PMID: 29399008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost electrochemical sensor with Nafion/Bi modification using adsorptive stripping voltammetry for Co and Ni determination in airborne particulate matter and welding fume samples is described. Carbon stencil-printed electrodes (CSPEs) manufactured on low-cost PET films were utilized. Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was used as a Co(II) and Ni(II) chelator with selective chemical precipitation for trace electrochemical analysis. Electrochemical studies of the Nafion/Bi-modified CSPE indicated a diffusion-controlled redox reaction for Co and Ni measurements. The Nafion coating decreased the background current and enhanced the measured peak current. Repeatability tests based on changes in percent relative standard deviation (RSD) of peak current showed the electrode could be used at least 15 times before the RSD exceeded 15% (the reported value of acceptable repeatability from Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)) due to deterioration of electrode surface. Limits of detection were 1 μg L-1 and 5 μg L-1 for Co and Ni, respectively, which were comparable to electrochemical sensors requiring more complicated modification procedures. The sensor produced a working range of 1-250 and 5-175 μg L-1 for Co and Ni, respectively. Interference studies showed no other metal species interfered with Co and Ni measurements using the optimized conditions. Finally, the developed sensors were applied for Co and Ni determination in aerosol samples generated from Co rods and a certified welding-fume reference material, respectively. Validation with ICP-MS showed no statistically different results with 95% confidence between sensor and the ICP methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Miller-Lionberg
- Access Sensor Technologies LLC, 430 N College Ave St. 410, Fort Collins, Colorado 80524, USA
| | - Thomas Reilly
- Access Sensor Technologies LLC, 430 N College Ave St. 410, Fort Collins, Colorado 80524, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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79
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Ainla A, Hamedi MM, Güder F, Whitesides GM. Electrical Textile Valves for Paper Microfluidics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702894. [PMID: 28809064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes electrically-activated fluidic valves that operate based on electrowetting through textiles. The valves are fabricated from electrically conductive, insulated, hydrophobic textiles, but the concept can be extended to other porous materials. When the valve is closed, the liquid cannot pass through the hydrophobic textile. Upon application of a potential (in the range of 100-1000 V) between the textile and the liquid, the valve opens and the liquid penetrates the textile. These valves actuate in less than 1 s, require low energy (≈27 µJ per actuation), and work with a variety of aqueous solutions, including those with low surface tension and those containing bioanalytes. They are bistable in function, and are, in a sense, the electrofluidic analog of thyristors. They can be integrated into paper microfluidic devices to make circuits that are capable of controlling liquid, including autonomous fluidic timers and fluidic logic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alar Ainla
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mahiar M Hamedi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - George M Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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80
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Nanthasurasak P, Cabot JM, See HH, Guijt RM, Breadmore MC. Electrophoretic separations on paper: Past, present, and future-A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 985:7-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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81
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Point-of-need simultaneous electrochemical detection of lead and cadmium using low-cost stencil-printed transparency electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 981:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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82
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Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices for colorimetric detection of toxic ions: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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83
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Milani MI, Rossini EL, Castoldi K, Pezza L, Pezza HR. Paper platform for reflectometric determination of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural in sugarcane liquor. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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84
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Gross EM, Durant HE, Hipp KN, Lai RY. Electrochemiluminescence Detection in Paper-Based and Other Inexpensive Microfluidic Devices. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Gross
- Department of Chemistry; Creighton University; Omaha NE 68178 USA
| | - Hannah E. Durant
- Department of Chemistry; Creighton University; Omaha NE 68178 USA
| | - Kenneth N. Hipp
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588-0304 USA
| | - Rebecca Y. Lai
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588-0304 USA
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85
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Gong MM, Sinton D. Turning the Page: Advancing Paper-Based Microfluidics for Broad Diagnostic Application. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28627178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global health issue. Diagnosis is a critical first step in effectively managing their spread. Paper-based microfluidic diagnostics first emerged in 2007 as a low-cost alternative to conventional laboratory testing, with the goal of improving accessibility to medical diagnostics in developing countries. In this review, we examine the advances in paper-based microfluidic diagnostics for medical diagnosis in the context of global health from 2007 to 2016. The theory of fluid transport in paper is first presented. The next section examines the strategies that have been employed to control fluid and analyte transport in paper-based assays. Tasks such as mixing, timing, and sequential fluid delivery have been achieved in paper and have enabled analytical capabilities comparable to those of conventional laboratory methods. The following section examines paper-based sample processing and analysis. The most impactful advancement here has been the translation of nucleic acid analysis to a paper-based format. Smartphone-based analysis is another exciting development with potential for wide dissemination. The last core section of the review highlights emerging health applications, such as male fertility testing and wearable diagnostics. We conclude the review with the future outlook, remaining challenges, and emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
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86
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Abstract
This study describes the use of a smartphone for monitoring acid–base titrations on wax printed paper microzones. An array of twelve microzones of 5 mm diameter each was wax printed on filter paper. The analytical performance of the proposed devices was explored with acid–base titrations examples, where jaboticaba peel extract was used as a natural pH indicator. The color intensity was captured using a smartphone and analyzed through a free App named Photometrix®. Before titrations, color intensity versus pH was calibrated to be used as a reference in titrations as (i) strong acid versus strong base; (ii) strong base versus strong acid; and (iii) weak acid versus strong base. In all examples, images were obtained after the addition of each aliquot of titrant solutions. The obtained titration curves showed the same behavior as the conventional titration curves. After evaluating the feasibility of the proposed methodology, the concentration level of acetic acid was obtained in three vinegar samples. Although the obtained values ranged from 5% to 8% compared to the concentrations on the conventional method, the proposed methodology presented high analytical reliability. The calculated concentrations of acetic acid in three samples ranged from 3.87% to 3.93%, and the proposed methodology did not significantly differ from classic acid–base titration at a confidence level of 95%. The acid–base titration on paper-based devices is outstanding, since any titration can be completed within 5 min using 20 µL volumes. Besides, the use of a smartphone to capture images followed by analysis in a free app offers simplicity to all users. The proposed methodology arises as a new strand to be exploited in the diffusion of the analytical chemistry education field as well as an alternative for quantitative analysis with extremely simplified instrumentation.
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87
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Teengam P, Siangproh W, Tuantranont A, Vilaivan T, Chailapakul O, Henry CS. Multiplex Paper-Based Colorimetric DNA Sensor Using Pyrrolidinyl Peptide Nucleic Acid-Induced AgNPs Aggregation for Detecting MERS-CoV, MTB, and HPV Oligonucleotides. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5428-5435. [PMID: 28394582 PMCID: PMC7077925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The development of simple fluorescent
and colorimetric assays that
enable point-of-care DNA and RNA detection has been a topic of significant
research because of the utility of such assays in resource limited
settings. The most common motifs utilize hybridization to a complementary
detection strand coupled with a sensitive reporter molecule. Here,
a paper-based colorimetric assay for DNA detection based on pyrrolidinyl
peptide nucleic acid (acpcPNA)-induced nanoparticle aggregation is
reported as an alternative to traditional colorimetric approaches.
PNA probes are an attractive alternative to DNA and RNA probes because
they are chemically and biologically stable, easily synthesized, and
hybridize efficiently with the complementary DNA strands. The acpcPNA
probe contains a single positive charge from the lysine at C-terminus
and causes aggregation of citrate anion-stabilized silver nanoparticles
(AgNPs) in the absence of complementary DNA. In the presence of target
DNA, formation of the anionic DNA-acpcPNA duplex results in dispersion
of the AgNPs as a result of electrostatic repulsion, giving rise to
a detectable color change. Factors affecting the sensitivity and selectivity
of this assay were investigated, including ionic strength, AgNP concentration,
PNA concentration, and DNA strand mismatches. The method was used
for screening of synthetic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(MERS-CoV), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA based on a colorimetric
paper-based analytical device developed using the aforementioned principle.
The oligonucleotide targets were detected by measuring the color change
of AgNPs, giving detection limits of 1.53 (MERS-CoV), 1.27 (MTB),
and 1.03 nM (HPV). The acpcPNA probe exhibited high selectivity for
the complementary oligonucleotides over single-base-mismatch, two-base-mismatch,
and noncomplementary DNA targets. The proposed paper-based colorimetric
DNA sensor has potential to be an alternative approach for simple,
rapid, sensitive, and selective DNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University , Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Adisorn Tuantranont
- Nanoelectronics and MEMS Laboratory, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center , Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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88
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Moschou D, Tserepi A. The lab-on-PCB approach: tackling the μTAS commercial upscaling bottleneck. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1388-1405. [PMID: 28294256 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00121e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Commercialization of lab-on-a-chip devices is currently the "holy grail" within the μTAS research community. While a wide variety of highly sophisticated chips which could potentially revolutionize healthcare, biology, chemistry and all related disciplines are increasingly being demonstrated, very few chips are or can be adopted by the market and reach the end-users. The major inhibition factor lies in the lack of an established commercial manufacturing technology. The lab-on-printed circuit board (lab-on-PCB) approach, while suggested many years ago, only recently has re-emerged as a very strong candidate, owing to its inherent upscaling potential: the PCB industry is well established all around the world, with standardized fabrication facilities and processes, but commercially exploited currently only for electronics. Owing to these characteristics, complex μTASs integrating microfluidics, sensors, and electronics on the same PCB platform can easily be upscaled, provided more processes and prototypes adapted to the PCB industry are proposed. In this article, we will be reviewing for the first time the PCB-based prototypes presented in the literature to date, highlighting the upscaling potential of this technology. The authors believe that further evolution of this technology has the potential to become a much sought-after standardized industrial fabrication technology for low-cost μTASs, which could in turn trigger the projected exponential market growth of μTASs, in a fashion analogous to the revolution of Si microchips via the CMOS industry establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Moschou
- Centre for Advanced Sensor Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK.
| | - Angeliki Tserepi
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou and 27 Neapoleos Str., 153 41 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
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89
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Wang X, Lin G, Cui G, Zhou X, Liu GL. White blood cell counting on smartphone paper electrochemical sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 90:549-557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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90
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Adkins JA, Boehle K, Friend C, Chamberlain B, Bisha B, Henry CS. Colorimetric and Electrochemical Bacteria Detection Using Printed Paper- and Transparency-Based Analytic Devices. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3613-3621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bledar Bisha
- Department
of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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91
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Lamas-Ardisana PJ, Casuso P, Fernandez-Gauna I, Martínez-Paredes G, Jubete E, Añorga L, Cabañero G, Grande HJ. Disposable electrochemical paper-based devices fully fabricated by screen-printing technique. Electrochem commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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92
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Introduction to Electrochemical Point-of-Care Devices. Bioanalysis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64801-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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93
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Vasilakis N, Papadimitriou KI, Morgan H, Prodromakis T. High-performance PCB-based capillary pumps for affordable point-of-care diagnostics. MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS 2017; 21:103. [PMID: 32025228 PMCID: PMC6979692 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-017-1935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Capillary pumps are integral components of passive microfluidic devices. They can displace precise volumes of liquid, avoiding the need for external active components, providing a solution for sample preparation modules in Point-of-Care (PoC) diagnostic platforms. In this work, we describe a variety of high-performance capillary pump designs, suitable for the Lab-on-Printed-Circuit-Board technology (LoPCB). Pumps are fabricated entirely on Printed Circuit Board (PCB) substrates via commercially available manufacturing processes. We demonstrate the concept of LoPCB technology and detail the fabrication method of different architectures of PCB-based capillary pumps. The capillary pumps are combined with microfluidic channels of various hydraulic resistances and characterised experimentally for different micropillar shapes and minimum feature size. Their performance in terms of flow rate is reported. Due to the superhydrophilic properties of oxygen plasma treated FR-4 PCB substrate, the capillary pump flow rates are much higher (138 μL/min, for devices comprising micropillar arrays without preceding microchannel) than comparable devices based on glass, silicon or polymers. Finally, we comment on the technology's prospects, such as incorporating more complicated microfluidic networks that can be tailored for assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Vasilakis
- Electronics and Computer Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ Hampshire United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos I. Papadimitriou
- Electronics and Computer Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ Hampshire United Kingdom
| | - Hywel Morgan
- Electronics and Computer Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ Hampshire United Kingdom
| | - Themistoklis Prodromakis
- Electronics and Computer Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ Hampshire United Kingdom
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94
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Bashirzadeh Y, Maruthamuthu V, Qian S. Electrokinetic Phenomena in Pencil Lead-Based Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E235. [PMID: 30404407 PMCID: PMC6190385 DOI: 10.3390/mi7120235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of microchannels and associated electrodes to generate electrokinetic phenomena often involves costly materials and considerable effort. In this study, we used graphite pencil-leads as low cost, disposable 3D electrodes to investigate various electrokinetic phenomena in straight cylindrical microchannels, which were themselves fabricated by using a graphite rod as the microchannel mold. Individual pencil-leads were employed as the micro-electrodes arranged along the side walls of the microchannel. Efficient electrokinetic phenomena provided by the 3D electrodes, including alternating current electroosmosis (ACEO), induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO), and dielectrophoresis (DEP), were demonstrated by the introduced pencil-lead based microfluidic devices. The electrokinetic phenomena were characterized by micro-particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) measurements and microscopy imaging. Highly efficient electrokinetic phenomena using 3D pencil-lead electrodes showed the affordability and ease of this technique to fabricate microfluidic devices embedded with electrodes for electrokinetic fluid and particle manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashar Bashirzadeh
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Shizhi Qian
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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95
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Yang Y, Noviana E, Nguyen MP, Geiss BJ, Dandy DS, Henry CS. Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices: Emerging Themes and Applications. Anal Chem 2016; 89:71-91. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Michael P. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Brian J. Geiss
- Department
of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David S. Dandy
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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96
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Electrochemical paper-based peptide nucleic acid biosensor for detecting human papillomavirus. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 952:32-40. [PMID: 28010840 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel paper-based electrochemical biosensor was developed using an anthraquinone-labeled pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid (acpcPNA) probe (AQ-PNA) and graphene-polyaniline (G-PANI) modified electrode to detect human papillomavirus (HPV). An inkjet printing technique was employed to prepare the paper-based G-PANI-modified working electrode. The AQ-PNA probe baring a negatively charged amino acid at the N-terminus was immobilized onto the electrode surface through electrostatic attraction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to verify the AQ-PNA immobilization. The paper-based electrochemical DNA biosensor was used to detect a synthetic 14-base oligonucleotide target with a sequence corresponding to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA by measuring the electrochemical signal response of the AQ label using square-wave voltammetry before and after hybridization. It was determined that the current signal significantly decreased after the addition of target DNA. This phenomenon is explained by the rigidity of PNA-DNA duplexes, which obstructs the accessibility of electron transfer from the AQ label to the electrode surface. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit of HPV type 16 DNA was found to be 2.3 nM with a linear range of 10-200 nM. The performance of this biosensor on real DNA samples was tested with the detection of PCR-amplified DNA samples from the SiHa cell line. The new method employs an inexpensive and disposable device, which easily incinerated after use and is promising for the screening and monitoring of the amount of HPV-DNA type 16 to identify the primary stages of cervical cancer.
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97
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Breadmore MC, Wuethrich A, Li F, Phung SC, Kalsoom U, Cabot JM, Tehranirokh M, Shallan AI, Abdul Keyon AS, See HH, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2014–2016). Electrophoresis 2016; 38:33-59. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Breadmore
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Feng Li
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sui Ching Phung
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Umme Kalsoom
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Joan M. Cabot
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Masoomeh Tehranirokh
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Aliaa I. Shallan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Helwan University Cairo Egypt
| | - Aemi S. Abdul Keyon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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98
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Adkins JA, Noviana E, Henry CS. Development of a Quasi-Steady Flow Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Device. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10639-10647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A. Adkins
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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99
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Ding J, Li B, Chen L, Qin W. A Three-Dimensional Origami Paper-Based Device for Potentiometric Biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13033-13037. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Bowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
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100
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Ding J, Li B, Chen L, Qin W. A Three-Dimensional Origami Paper-Based Device for Potentiometric Biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Bowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes; YICCAS; Yantai Shandong 264003 P.R. China
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