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Athanasiadi I, Geigy C, Hilger RA, Meier V, Rohrer Bley C. Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic properties of the novel triazene TriN 2755 in tumour bearing dogs - a phase I study †. Vet Comp Oncol 2015; 15:94-104. [PMID: 25689225 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
TriN 2755 is an alkylating antineoplastic agent for intravenous (IV) use, carrying the triazene group as the cytotoxic principal. Using a standard 3 + 3 design, a phase I study was performed in tumour bearing dogs to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), the dose limiting toxicity (DLT), and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of TriN 2755. Thirty dogs were included in the study. TriN 2755 was administered over 20 min on two consecutive weeks per month for a total of three cycles. The starting dose was 25 mg kg-1 and the MTD was 74.6 mg kg-1 . Three dogs experienced DLT, which was characterized by gastrointestinal adverse events. The PKs of TriN 2755 and its main metabolites in plasma and sputum are described in a two-compartment model. The response rate for 19 of 30 dogs was 47.3% (six partial remission, three stable disease) and the median progression-free interval (PFI) for the responders was 47 days (range: 21-450 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Athanasiadi
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Geigy
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R A Hilger
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Cancer Research, West German Cancer Center, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - V Meier
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Rohrer Bley
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Encinas-García T, Mendoza-Cano F, Enríquez-Espinoza T, Luken-Vega L, Vichido-Chávez R, Sánchez-Paz A. An improved validated SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR assay for the detection of the Penaeus stylirostris densovirus in penaeid shrimp. J Virol Methods 2015; 212:53-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lin J, Sun J, Wang Y, Ma Y, Chen W, Zhang Z, Gui G, Lin B. Ocular pharmacokinetics of naringenin eye drops following topical administration to rabbits. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2015; 31:51-6. [PMID: 25229266 PMCID: PMC4286587 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2014.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the ocular pharmacokinetics of 1% naringenin eye drops following topical administration to rabbits. METHODS One drop (50 μL) of 1% naringenin eye drops was instilled into both eyes of each rabbit. The animals were sacrificed at predetermined intervals after dosing, and ocular tissues and plasma were then collected. Concentrations of naringenin were analyzed using specific electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, which is proved to be sensitive, specific, precise, and suitable for determination of naringenin in ocular tissues and plasma of rabbits. RESULTS Ocular exposure to naringenin, based on AUC(0-t), was highest in cornea, followed by aqueous humor, retina, and vitreous body. The Cmax of naringenin in cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous body, and retina were 67945.30 ± 4109.34 ng/g, 1325.69 ± 239.34, 160.52 ± 38.78 ng/mL, and 1927.08 ± 660.77 ng/g at 0.083, 0.75, 0.083, and 0.083 h after topical administration, respectively. The half-lives for these tissues were 9.37, 0.65, 1.17, and 4.62 h, respectively. There was no significant difference between free naringenin and total naringenin in plasma based on Cmax and Tmax. Cmax of total naringenin in plasma at 0.083 h was 35.12 ± 0.54 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Measurable concentrations of naringenin were achieved in ocular tissues after topical application in rabbits. Topical instillation of naringenin may be an effective approach in the treatment of posterior section diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California
| | - Yandong Wang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenpei Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Gui
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqin Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Baldelli S, Cattaneo D, Fucile S, Clementi E. Lights and Shadows of the Actual European Guidelines on Bioanalytical Method Validation. Ther Drug Monit 2014; 36:739-45. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mattioli F, Puntoni M, Marini V, Fucile C, Milano G, Robbiano L, Perrotta S, Pinto V, Martelli A, Forni GL. Determination of deferasirox plasma concentrations: do gender, physical and genetic differences affect chelation efficacy? Eur J Haematol 2014; 94:310-7. [PMID: 25081908 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioavailability of deferasirox (DFX) is significantly affected by the timing of administration relative to times and to composition of meals. Its elimination half-life is also highly variable - in some patients as a result of gene polymorphisms. Understanding whether deferasirox plasma levels are related to specific characteristics of patients could help physicians to devise a drug regimen tailored the individual patient. METHODS We analyzed deferasirox plasma concentrations (CDFX ) in 80 patients with transfusion-dependent anemias, such as thalassemia, by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. We used a multivariate linear regression model to find significant associations between CDFX and clinical/demographical characteristics of patients. All patients were genotyped for UGT1A1. RESULTS Fifty-six patients were female, 24 were male, the great majority (88%) affected by β-thalassemia, and 15 were children and adolescents. No statistical correlation was detectable between CDFX and DFX dose (P = 0.6). Age, time from last drug intake to blood sampling, and ferritin levels in the 6 months before study initiation were significantly and inversely associated with CDFX in univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, the only two factors independently and inversely associated with CDFX levels were time from last drug intake to blood sampling and ferritin levels (P = 0.006). A significant inverse correlation (P = 0.03) was observed between CDFX and UGT1A1*28 gene polymorphism, but only in patients with levels of lean body mass (LBM) below the median (P for interaction = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results could indicate that a higher plasma DFX concentration could be associated with greater chelation efficacy. As a correlation between dose and CDFX was not demonstrated, it seems useful to monitor the concentrations to optimize and determine the most appropriate dose for each patient. Interesting results emerged from the analysis of genetic and physical characteristics of patients: LBM was a borderline significant effect modifier of the relationship between UGT1A1 polymorphisms and CDFX . Individual patient-tailored dosing of DFX should help to improve iron chelation efficacy and to reduce dose-dependent drug toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mattioli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Boumrah Y, Rosset M, Lecompte Y, Bouanani S, Khimeche K, Dahmani A. Development of a targeted GC/MS screening method and validation of an HPLC/DAD quantification method for piperazines–amphetamines mixtures in seized material. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Kim GP, Lee J, Ahn KG, Hwang YS, Choi Y, Chun J, Chang WS, Choung MG. Differential responses of B vitamins in black soybean seeds. Food Chem 2014; 153:101-8. [PMID: 24491706 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the contents and the association of B vitamins from seeds of 10 black and one yellow soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties with either green or yellow cotyledon. Thiamine, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), riboflavin and total riboflavin were found highest in 'Chengjakong', while flavin mononucleotide (FMN) was greatest in 'Mirang'. Nicotinic acid and total vitamin B3 were highest in 'Shingi' as a yellow soybean variety but pantothenic acid and pyridoxine contents were greatest in 'Tawon' and 'Mirang', respectively. These content variations of B vitamins directly reflected the wide segregation of soybean varieties on the principal component analysis (PCA) scores plot, indicating that these 4 soybean varieties appeared to be least associated with other soybean varieties based on the different responses of B vitamins. The results of cluster and correlation analyses presented that the cotyledon colour of soybean seed contributed to a variation of B vitamin contents. Overall, the results suggest that a wide range of B vitamin contents would be affected by genotypic factors alongside the difference of cotyledon colour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Ppeum Kim
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Dogye Campus, Kangwon National University, Hwangjori #3, Dogye-up, Samcheok 245-907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwook Lee
- USDA-ARS, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, 1104 N. Western Ave., Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
| | - Kyung-Geun Ahn
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Dogye Campus, Kangwon National University, Hwangjori #3, Dogye-up, Samcheok 245-907, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Hwang
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Dogye Campus, Kangwon National University, Hwangjori #3, Dogye-up, Samcheok 245-907, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Choi
- Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Chun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 540-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Chang
- Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Myoung-Gun Choung
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Dogye Campus, Kangwon National University, Hwangjori #3, Dogye-up, Samcheok 245-907, Republic of Korea; Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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Sailstad JM, Amaravadi L, Clements-Egan A, Gorovits B, Myler HA, Pillutla RC, Pursuhothama S, Putman M, Rose MK, Sonehara K, Tang L, Wustner JT. A white paper--consensus and recommendations of a global harmonization team on assessing the impact of immunogenicity on pharmacokinetic measurements. AAPS J 2014; 16:488-98. [PMID: 24682765 PMCID: PMC4012055 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Global Bioanalysis Consortium (GBC) set up an international team to explore the impact of immunogenicity on pharmacokinetic (PK) assessments. The intent of this paper is to define the field and propose best practices when developing PK assays for biotherapeutics. We focus on the impact of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) on the performance of PK assay leading to the impact on the reported drug concentration and exposure. The manuscript describes strategies to assess whether the observed change in the drug concentration is due to the ADA impact on drug clearance rates or is a consequence of ADA interference in the bioanalytical method applied to measure drug concentration. This paper provides the bioanalytical scientist guidance for developing ADA-tolerant PK methods. It is essential that the data generated in the PK, ADA, pharmacodynamic and efficacy/toxicity evaluations are viewed together. Therefore, the extent for the investigation of the PK sensitivity to the presence of ADA should be driven by the project needs and risk based.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sailstad
- Sailstad and Associates Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA,
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60
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De Cock RFW, Smits A, Allegaert K, de Hoon J, Saegeman V, Danhof M, Knibbe CAJ. Population pharmacokinetic modelling of total and unbound cefazolin plasma concentrations as a guide for dosing in preterm and term neonates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1330-8. [PMID: 24492261 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cefazolin is frequently administered for antimicrobial prophylaxis and treatment of infections. In neonates, pharmacokinetic observations are limited and dosing regimens variable. The aim of this study was to describe the pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in neonates based on total and unbound concentrations to optimize cefazolin dosing. METHODS Thirty-six neonates [median birth body weight 2720 (range 540-4200) g, current body weight (cBW) 2755 (830-4200) g and postnatal age (PNA) 9 (1-30) days] receiving intravenous cefazolin (50 mg/kg/8 h) were included. Based on 119 total and unbound plasma concentrations, a population pharmacokinetic analysis with a covariate analysis was performed. Monte Carlo simulations were performed aiming for unbound concentrations above an MIC of 8 mg/L (>60% of the time) in all patients. RESULTS A one-compartment pharmacokinetic model was developed in which total and unbound concentrations were linked by maximum protein binding (Bmax) of 136 mg/L and a dissociation constant (KD) for cefazolin protein binding of 46.5 mg/L. cBW was identified as covariate for volume of distribution (V), bBW and PNA for clearance and albumin plasma concentration for Bmax, explaining 50%, 58% and 41% of inter-individual variability in V, clearance and Bmax, respectively. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, a body weight- and PNA-adapted dosing regimen that resulted in similar exposure across different weight and age groups was proposed. CONCLUSIONS A neonatal pharmacokinetic model taking into account total and unbound cefazolin concentrations with saturable plasma protein binding was identified. As cBW and PNA were the most important covariates, these may be used for individualized dosing in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F W De Cock
- Division of Pharmacology, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Wongtangprasert T, Natakuathung W, Pimpitak U, Buakeaw A, Palaga T, Komolpis K, Khongchareonporn N. Production of a monoclonal antibody against oxytetracycline and its application for oxytetracycline residue detection in shrimp. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2014; 15:165-72. [PMID: 24510709 PMCID: PMC3924392 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1300181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel monoclonal antibody (MAb) against oxytetracycline (OTC) was generated and characterized. The MAb was used in the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)-based detection system. An OTC-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate was prepared and used in the immunization of mice. A conventional somatic cell fusion technique was used to generate MAb-secreting hybridomas denoted 2-4F, 7-3G, and 11-11A. An indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) was applied to measure the sensitivity and specificity of each MAb in terms of its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and percentage of cross-reactivity, respectively. MAb 2-4F exhibited the highest sensitivity, with an IC50 of 7.01 ng/ml. This MAb showed strong cross-reactivity to rolitetracycline, but no cross-reactivity to other unrelated antibiotics. When MAb 2-4F was used to detect OTC from shrimp samples, the recoveries were in the range of 82%-118% for an intra-assay and 96%-113% for an inter-assay. The coefficients of variation of the assays were 3.9%-13.9% and 5.5%-14.9%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wirongrong Natakuathung
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Pimpitak
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anumart Buakeaw
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kittinan Komolpis
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nanthika Khongchareonporn
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Tong S, Zhong H, Yi C, Cao X, Firempong CK, Zheng Q, Feng Y, Yu J, Xu X. Simultaneous HPLC determination of ergosterol and 22,23-dihydroergosterol inFlammulina velutipessterol-loaded microemulsion. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:247-54. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxue Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 9 Huangshan South Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Caleb Kesse Firempong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Qianfeng Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshu Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 People's Republic of China
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Vasantha J, Kannan G, Goud T, Palani T, Vanitha R, Anitha R, Priya J. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of Paclitaxel in South Indian cancer patients: a prospective study. J Young Pharm 2013; 3:322-8. [PMID: 22224040 PMCID: PMC3249746 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.90245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a promising drug in the treatment of different solid tumors. It exhibits nonlinear pharmacokinetics, particularly when administered as a constant rate infusion for shorter duration (e.g., 3 h). Because of the nonlinearity, relatively small changes in dose may lead to large changes in peak plasma concentration and total drug exposure. The study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of different doses of paclitaxel administered intravenously as an infusion. A prospective study was conducted in 23 cancer patients aged between 28 and 74 years, treated with paclitaxel (130, 200, 230, and 260 mg/m2) over 3 h as constant rate infusion. Plasma samples were collected from all patients at 0, 1, and 3 h and for five patients at 5 and 13 h and paclitaxel concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography method. The overall mean clearance was found to be 47.5847 ± 142.028 l/h; the mean volume of distribution was 142.028 ± 73.438 l; mean elimination rate constant was 0.336 ± 0.002/h; mean half-life was 2.086 ± 0.009 h; mean area under the curve (AUC) was 5.5917 ± 2.707 mg/ml*h; and the mean of mean residence time was 2.980 ± 0.0131 h. Paclitaxel showed nonlinear kinetics and the pharmacokinetic parameters calculated were similar to those quoted in the literature. The peak plasma concentration at 130 mg dose level was 2 μ/ml, but an increase in dose was not associated with proportional increase in plasma concentration. No significant difference was found between pharmacokinetic parameters such as clearance, volume of distribution, and AUC at different dose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vasantha
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Aouri M, Moradpour D, Cavassini M, Mercier T, Buclin T, Csajka C, Telenti A, Rauch A, Decosterd LA. Multiplex liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for simultaneous therapeutic drug monitoring of ribavirin, boceprevir, and telaprevir. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:3147-58. [PMID: 23629707 PMCID: PMC3697367 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00281-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New directly acting antivirals (DAAs) that inhibit hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication are increasingly used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. A marked pharmacokinetic variability and a high potential for drug-drug interactions between DAAs and numerous drug classes have been identified. In addition, ribavirin (RBV), commonly associated with hemolytic anemia, often requires dose adjustment, advocating for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients under combined antiviral therapy. However, an assay for the simultaneous analysis of RBV and DAAs constitutes an analytical challenge because of the large differences in polarity among these drugs, ranging from hydrophilic (RBV) to highly lipophilic (telaprevir [TVR]). Moreover, TVR is characterized by erratic behavior on standard octadecyl-based reversed-phase column chromatography and must be separated from VRT-127394, its inactive C-21 epimer metabolite. We have developed a convenient assay employing simple plasma protein precipitation, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of levels of RBV, boceprevir, and TVR, as well as its metabolite VRT-127394, in plasma. This new, simple, rapid, and robust HPLC-MS/MS assay offers an efficient method of real-time TDM aimed at maximizing efficacy while minimizing the toxicity of antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Aouri
- Innovation & Development Laboratory
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Service of Biomedicine,
| | | | | | | | - Thierry Buclin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Service of Biomedicine,
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Service of Biomedicine,
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amalio Telenti
- Institute of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Veal GJ, Errington J, Rowbotham SE, Illingworth NA, Malik G, Cole M, Daly AK, Pearson ADJ, Boddy AV. Adaptive dosing approaches to the individualization of 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin) treatment for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:469-79. [PMID: 23087409 PMCID: PMC3548903 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of adaptive dosing and the impact of pharmacogenetic variation on 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cisRA) disposition in high-risk patients with neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 13-cisRA (160 mg/m(2) or 5.33 mg/kg/d) was administered to 103 patients ages 21 years or less and plasma concentrations of 13-cisRA and 4-oxo-13-cisRA quantitated on day 14 of treatment. Seventy-one patients were recruited to a dose adjustment group, targeting a 13-cisRA C(max) of 2 μmol/L, with dose increases of 25% to 50% implemented for patients with C(max) values less than 2 μmol/L. A population pharmacokinetic model was applied and polymorphisms in relevant cytochrome P450 genes analyzed. RESULTS 13-cisRA C(max) values ranged from 0.42 to 11.2 μmol/L, with 34 of 103 (33%) patients failing to achieve a C(max) more than 2 μmol/L. Dose increases carried out in 20 patients in the dose adjustment study group led to concentrations more than 2 μmol/L in 18 patients (90%). Eight of 11 (73%) patients less than 12 kg, receiving a dose of 5.33 mg/kg, failed to achieve a C(max) of 2 μmol/L or more. Significantly, lower C(max) values were observed for patients treated with 5.33 mg/kg versus 160 mg/m(2) (1.9 ± 1.2 vs. 3.1 ± 2.0 μmol/L; mean ± SD; P = 0.023). C(max) was higher in patients who swallowed 13-cisRA capsules as compared with receiving the drug extracted from capsules (4.0 ± 2.2 vs. 2.6 ± 1.8 μmol/L; P = 0.0012). The target C(max) was achieved by 93% (25/27) versus 55% (42/76) of patients in these 2 groups, respectively. No clear relationships were found between genetic variants and 13-cisRA pharmacokinetic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Dosing regimen and method of administration have a marked influence on 13-cisRA plasma concentrations. Body weight-based dosing should not be implemented for children less than 12 kg and pharmacologic data support higher doses for children unable to swallow 13-cisRA capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Veal
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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A systematic approach for developing a robust LC–MS/MS method for bioanalysis. Bioanalysis 2013; 5:91-115. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to meet the drug discovery and development needs of pharmaceutical companies, CROs are constantly challenged by the requirements for rapid LC–MS/MS method development prior to method validation and sample analysis. In order to meet this challenge, a comprehensive method development program, nicknamed ‘Amoeba™’, which uses a series of written protocols for standardized and efficient method development was developed. In this paper, the genesis of the Amoeba method development program is elucidated in detail and a number of case studies are presented to showcase the execution of the Amoeba method development program. Using this program, the majority of the most critical information regarding the assay can be captured. While the Amoeba program has been proven to be effective, we recognize that the development of a robust bioanalytical method for use in pharmaceutical industry also requires the careful consideration of many critical parameters and the ability to identify and resolve potential issues. The refinement of the assay relies on further evaluation of several critical factors including, but not limited to, internal standard response, matrix effects (phospholipid or nonphospholipid related) and carryover.
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Target analyte quantification by isotope dilution LC-MS/MS directly referring to internal standard concentrations – validation for serum cortisol measurement. Clin Chem Lab Med 2013; 51:833-7. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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68
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Implementation of a Cost-Effective HPLC/UV Approach for Routine Medical Quantification of Memantine in Human Serum. Ther Drug Monit 2012; 34:702-12. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31826933ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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69
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Roche S, Sewell L, Meiller J, Pedersen K, Rajpal R, O'Gorman P, Clynes M, O'Connor R. Development, validation and application of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of thalidomide in human serum, cells and cell culture medium. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 902:16-26. [PMID: 22771235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple, robust, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of thalidomide was developed and validated. The method was applied to thalidomide quantification in three different types of biological samples. Thalidomide was extracted from human serum (100 μL), cells (2.5 × 10(5)), or cell culture media (100 μL) by LLE and separated on a Prodigy C18 (150 mm × 4.0 mm, 5 μm i.d.) column with isocratic elution using water/acetonitrile (70/30, v/v) 0.1% formic acid, at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, with umbelliferone (600 ng/mL) as an internal standard. Thalidomide was quantified using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in multi-reaction-monitoring mode using positive electrospray ionisation. The method was validated in two separate thalidomide concentration ranges; human serum (0.05-20 μg/mL) and in vitro cells (0.78-50 ng) with an inter-day precision of 1.8% and 1.9% and average accuracy of 100% and 101% in serum and cells respectively. Despite the use of small sample volume, the limit of quantification for thalidomide in serum was determined to be 3 ng/mL. The method was successfully employed to measure levels of thalidomide in cancer patient serum and cell culture model systems. Although cellular levels were quantifiable, thalidomide was shown to be unstable under in vitro conditions with a half life of approximately 2 h. In patient samples, circulating serum levels showed a broad correlation with dose and uncovered some patient compliance issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Roche
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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70
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Moksnes K, Kaasa S, Paulsen Ø, Rosland JH, Spigset O, Dale O. Serum concentrations of opioids when comparing two switching strategies to methadone for cancer pain. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 68:1147-56. [PMID: 22374345 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to compare pharmacological aspects of two switching strategies from morphine/oxycodone to methadone; the stop and go (SAG) strategy in which methadone is started directly after the initial opioid has been stopped, and the 3-days switch (3DS), in which morphine/oxycodone is gradually changed to methadone by cross-tapering over 3 days. METHODS Forty-two cancer patients with pain and/or opioid side effects were assessed in this randomised trial. Trough serum concentrations of methadone, morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), and oxycodone were measured on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 14. Primary outcome was number of patients with methadone concentrations in apparent C(SS) on day 4. Secondary outcomes were exposure to opioids during the first 3 days, interindividual variation of opioid concentrations, and correlation between methadone concentrations and pain intensity (PI) day 3. RESULTS Thirty-five patients received methadone (16 in the SAG group, 19 in the 3DS group). The median preswitch morphine equivalent doses were 620 (range 350-2000) mg/day in the SAG group and 800 (range 90-3600) mg/day in the 3DS group (p = 0.43);42% reached C(SS) for methadone in the SAG group on day 4 compared with 22% in the 3DS group (p = 0.42). The SAG group was significantly less exposed to morphine/M6G/oxycodone and significantly more exposed to methadone in the first 3 days. Methadone showed a low correlation with PI. More patients dropped out after intervention in the SAG group than in the 3DS group (38% vs. 5%; p = 0.032). One SAG patient suffered from respiratory depression on day 5. CONCLUSION The SAG group was initially more exposed to methadone and less to the replaced opioids but without observed clinical benefit and with a higher dropout rate. Patients switched to methadone should be followed closely for the first 5 days, regardless of switching strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Moksnes
- Pain and Palliation Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
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71
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Pharmacokinetics of sodium and trihydrate amoxicillin after intravenous and intramuscular administration in llamas (Lama glama). Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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72
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Fenández A, Teijón C, Benito M, Iglesias I, Lozano R, Teijón JM, Blanco MD. Tamoxifen-loaded microspheres based on mixtures of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(D,L-lactide) polymers: Effect of polymeric composition on drug release and in vitro antitumoral activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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73
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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Folate-Targeted Copolymeric Submicrohydrogel Based on N-Isopropylacrylamide as 5-Fluorouracil Delivery System. Polymers (Basel) 2011. [DOI: 10.3390/polym3031107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Said R, Pohanka A, Andersson M, Beck O, Abdel-Rehim M. Determination of remifentanil in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry utilizing micro extraction in packed syringe (MEPS) as sample preparation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:815-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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75
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One size does not fit all. Bioanalysis 2011; 3:473-5. [PMID: 21388258 DOI: 10.4155/bio.11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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76
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Development and validation of a LC method for the enantiomeric purity determination of S-ropivacaine in a pharmaceutical formulation using a recently commercialized cellulose-based chiral stationary phase and polar non-aqueous mobile phase. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:687-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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77
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Tanaka Y, Ohkawa T, Yasui H. Development of a Novel High-Throughput Analytical Methodology, Multiple Injection Method, for Quantitative Analysis in Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Studies Using Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1187-93. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Tanaka
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tomoyuki Ohkawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Drug Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroyuki Yasui
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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Preformulation characteristics of the opioid growth factor antagonist-naltrexone hydrochloride: stability and lipophilicity studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(11)50017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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79
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Chan KK, Liu Z, Xie Z, Chiu M, Wang H, Chen P, Dunkerson S, Chiu M, Liu S, Triantafillou G, Garzon R, Croce CM, Byrd JC, Muthusamy N, Marcucci G. A novel ultrasensitive hybridization-based ELISA method for 2-methoxyphosphorothiolate microRNAs and its in vitro and in vivo application. AAPS J 2010; 12:556-68. [PMID: 20625866 PMCID: PMC2976995 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-010-9214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small non-coding RNAs that bind to target mRNAs and regulate their expression. Recent evidence has indicated the involvement of miRNAs in human malignancies. It has been suggested that aberrantly down-regulated or up-regulated miRNAs may be replaced with synthetic miRNAs or antagomiRNAs, respectively, and restore normal cell functions. As therapeutic development requires analytical support, we developed and validated an ultrasensitive and selective assay for quantification of synthetic 2'-methoxyphosphorothiolate-miRNA in mouse plasma and cell lysate for the first time. The method is based on a hybridization-ligation fluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and has provided a linear dynamic range of 10-1,000,000 pM for three synthetic miRNAs both singly and in a mixture. The intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation were <20% and the accuracy values nearly 100%. Using this assay, we performed pharmacokinetic studies of three synthetic miRNAs in mice treated with a single i.v. bolus dose of 7.5 mg kg⁻¹. The 2-methoxyphosphorothiolate-miRNAs reached peak concentrations in the μM and nM ranges in plasma and bone marrow, respectively, and remained measurable at 24 h. These concentrations are in a range that shows biological activities. We conclude that this method provides a general and valuable tool for the pharmacologic study and clinical development of synthetic miRNAs.
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80
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2010 White Paper on Recent Issues in Regulated Bioanalysis & Global Harmonization of Bioanalytical Guidance. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:1945-60. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4th Calibration and Validation Group Workshop on Recent Issues in Regulated Bioanalysis, a 2-day full immersion workshop, was organized by the Calibration and Validation Group. Contract research organizations, pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies came together to discuss several ‘hot’ topics concerning bioanalytical issues and regulatory challenges and to reach a consensus among panelists and attendees on many points regarding method validation of small and large molecules.
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81
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Sallustio BC, Noll BD, Morris RG. Comparison of blood sirolimus, tacrolimus and everolimus concentrations measured by LC-MS/MS, HPLC-UV and immunoassay methods. Clin Biochem 2010; 44:231-6. [PMID: 20970416 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous quantitation of tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus in whole blood, and compared to HPLC-UV and immunoassay methods. DESIGN AND METHODS Blood (0.1mL) was analysed following solid-phase extraction and chromatographic resolution using a C18 column (45°C) and mobile phase of methanol/40mM ammonium acetate/glacial acetic acid (83/17/0.1) at 200μL/min, with positive electrospray ionisation and multiple reaction monitoring. RESULTS Intra- and inter-day imprecision and inaccuracy were ≤12.2% over a 1.5-40μg/L calibration range. An external quality assurance programme confirmed acceptable inaccuracy and imprecision of the LC-MS/MS method, but highlighted problems with immunoassay quantitation, particularly for everolimus, showing a >30% bias in FPIA everolimus concentrations measured in pooled patient samples versus spiked drug-free whole blood. CONCLUSIONS LC-MS/MS provides significant accuracy and precision advantages compared to HPLC and immunoassays. Discrepancies in everolimus concentrations measured by the Seradyn FPIA immunoassay require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta C Sallustio
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Um SY, Chae SW, Park HJ, Chung MW, Choi SO, Lee HJ. Simple determination of azasetron in rat plasma by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3638-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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83
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Blanco MD, Guerrero S, Benito M, Teijón C, Olmo R, Muñíz E, Katime I, Teijón JM. Tamoxifen-loaded folate-conjugate poly[(p-nitrophenyl acrylate)-co-(N-isopropylacrylamide)] sub-microgel as antitumoral drug delivery system. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 95:1028-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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84
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Nechansky A, Kircheis R. Immunogenicity of therapeutics: a matter of efficacy and safety. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2010; 5:1067-79. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2010.514326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Nechansky
- Vela pharmazeutische Entwicklung und Laboranalytik GmbH, Brunnerstrasse 59, 1230, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf Kircheis
- ViroLogik GmbH, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen, D-91052, Germany
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Barakat NS, Al-Suwayeh SA, Taha EI, Bakry Yassin AE. A new pressure-controlled colon delivery capsule for chronotherapeutic treatment of nocturnal asthma. J Drug Target 2010; 19:365-72. [PMID: 20681754 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.504264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare a pressure-controlled colon delivery capsule (PCDC) containing theophylline (TPH) dispersion in a lipid matrix as a chronotherapeutic drug delivery system for the treatment of nocturnal asthma. The system was made by film coating using Eudragit S100- based formula over the sealed-hard gelatin capsules containing the drug-lipid dispersion. The lipid formula was composed mainly of Gelucire 33/01 (G33) with different ratios of surfactants (1-10%). The efficiency of the prepared system was evaluated in vitro for its ability to withstand both the gastric and intestinal medium. In addition, the drug plasma concentrations were monitored after single administration to Beagle dogs and compared to that obtained after administration of a reference marketed, generic, sustained-release TPH tablets, Avolen(®) SR. It was found that the optimum lipid formula was GL2 containing 90% G33 and 10% Labrasol. The film-coated capsules showed complete resistance to both the acidic environment (pH 1.2) for 2 hours and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 for 3 hours at 37°C. In vivo evaluation of the TPH-based PCDCs showed longer lag time compared TO the marketed formula followed by sudden increase in TPH blood levels, which recommends the high potential of this system as a chronotherapeutic drug delivery for nocturnal asthma. The prepared PCDCs exhibited a significantly higher C(max) and T(max) and a nonsignificantly different AUC compared with Avolen(®) SR. Higher TPH blood levels from 1 to 8 hours postadministration was detected in the case of the prepared PCDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla S Barakat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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86
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Sripuram VK, Kaushik HK, Bedada SK, Reddy NY, Vangara KK, Praneeth Kumar S, IndiraPriyadarshini G, Devarakonda KR. Development and validation of rapid and sensitive HPLC method for the quantitative determination of doxorubicin in human plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/10601333.2010.486404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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87
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Faiyazuddin M, Ahmad S, Mustafa G, Ahmad FJ, Shakeel F. Bioanalytical approaches, bioavailability assessment, and bioequivalence study for waiver drugs: In vivo and in vitro perspective. CLINICAL RESEARCH AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS 2010; 27:32-41. [DOI: 10.3109/10601331003698517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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88
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Mansilha C, Melo A, Rebelo H, Ferreira IMPLVO, Pinho O, Domingues V, Pinho C, Gameiro P. Quantification of endocrine disruptors and pesticides in water by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Method validation using weighted linear regression schemes. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:6681-91. [PMID: 20553685 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A multi-residue methodology based on a solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for trace analysis of 32 compounds in water matrices, including estrogens and several pesticides from different chemical families, some of them with endocrine disrupting properties. Matrix standard calibration solutions were prepared by adding known amounts of the analytes to a residue-free sample to compensate matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement observed for certain pesticides. Validation was done mainly according to the International Conference on Harmonisation recommendations, as well as some European and American validation guidelines with specifications for pesticides analysis and/or GC-MS methodology. As the assumption of homoscedasticity was not met for analytical data, weighted least squares linear regression procedure was applied as a simple and effective way to counteract the greater influence of the greater concentrations on the fitted regression line, improving accuracy at the lower end of the calibration curve. The method was considered validated for 31 compounds after consistent evaluation of the key analytical parameters: specificity, linearity, limit of detection and quantification, range, precision, accuracy, extraction efficiency, stability and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mansilha
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal.
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89
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Bermingham S, O'Connor R, Regan F, McMahon GP. Simultaneous determination of anthracyclines and taxanes in human serum using online sample extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:1571-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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90
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Rajender G, Narayanan NGB. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of Sirolimus coated drug eluting nano porous carbon stents. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:329-34. [PMID: 19662626 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has proved to powerful research tool due to its sensitivity, high selectivity, and high throughput efficiency..Sirolimus was extracted from plasma by two-step extraction procedure using chloroform as extracting solvent. Signal intensity was high using ESI(+) source provided for the quantitation of samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on phenomenax C-18 column (250 x 4.60 mm 5microns).Mobile phase contains acetonitrile, water (80; 20 v/v) + 0.1% acetic acid, flow rate 1 mL/min.The retention time of Sirolimus 8.4 min, the total run time10 min. Linearity correlation coefficients (r(2)) curve was 0.997183.calibraction range 10-1000 ng/mL. The UV detection of Sirolimus was at 278(277.78) nm. Sirolimus coated drug eluting stents, MRM (Multiple reaction monitoring) transition of Sirolimus m/z 936.83-208.84 was selected to obtain maximum sensitivity. LC/MS/MS results exhibited consistency in drug content on the stent surface. In-vitro release kinetic indicated the release of Sirolimus in 41 days from the date of implanted. Drug release was found at the first day, burst release was observed at 7(th) day of implantation. This study involved pharmacological coating of stents, based on the notion that sustained systemic local delivery of anti-proliferative agents. LC-MS/MS method has been successfully used in the pharmacokinetic analysis of Sirolimus coated drug eluting stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajender
- Relisys Medical Devices Ltd, Hyderabad, India.
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91
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ZHANG LL, ZHANG JR, YU ZG, ZHAO J, MO F, JIANG SX. Effects of ionophores on liver CYP1A and 3A in male broilers. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2010; 33:551-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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92
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Reddy GVR, Kumar AP, Reddy BV, Kumar P, Gauttam HD. Identification of degradation products in Aripiprazole tablets by LC-QToF mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.1.1.20-27.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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93
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LC method for therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam: Evaluation of the assay performance and validation of its application in the routine area. Clin Biochem 2010; 43:473-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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94
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Simultaneous determination of glucuronic acid and sulfuric acid conjugated metabolites of daidzein and genistein in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:628-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Myler HA, McVay S, Kratzsch J. Troubleshooting PEG-hGH detection supporting pharmacokinetic evaluation in growth hormone deficient patients. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2010; 61:92-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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96
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Merino V, Micó-Albiñana T, Nácher A, Díez-Sales O, Herráez M, Merino-Sanjuán M. Enhancement of nortriptyline penetration through human epidermis: influence of chemical enhancers and iontophoresis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:415-20. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.4.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Different known percutaneous chemical enhancers and iontophoresis have been tested in-vitro to study their ability to increase transdermal absorption of nortriptyline hydrochloride (20 mg mL−1). The chemicals 1-dodecanol, Span 20, Azone, (R)-(+)-limonene or isopropyl myristate were used as an overnight pretreatment at 5% (w/w) in ethanol. Furthermore, isopropyl myristate (20%, w/w) and propylene glycol (15%, w/w) were tested in the same vehicle. Iontophoresis was applied directly to the nortriptyline hydrochloride donor solution for three different concentrations (20, 2 and 0.5 mgmL−1). The chemical enhancers slightly increased the nortriptyline transdermal flux but iontophoresis was more efficient. In this case, nortriptyline transdermal flux was concentration dependent, having a higher flux when the concentration was lowered. Therefore, iontophoresis was the most suitable technique to increase transdermal absorption of nortriptyline and it could be an alternative method to provide therapeutic concentrations of this drug in smoking cessation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Merino
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Teresa Micó-Albiñana
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Amparo Nácher
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Octavio Díez-Sales
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Marina Herráez
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Matilde Merino-Sanjuán
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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97
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Escobar-Chávez JJ, Merino V, Díez-Sales O, Nácher-Alonso A, Ganem-Quintanar A, Herráez M, Merino-Sanjuán M. Transdermal nortriptyline hydrocloride patch formulated within a chitosan matrix intended to be used for smoking cessation. Pharm Dev Technol 2010; 16:162-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450903584902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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98
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Use of the dried blood spot sampling process coupled with fast gas chromatography and negative-ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry: application to fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, reboxetine, and paroxetine analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 396:2523-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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99
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100
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Roche S, McMahon G, Clynes M, O’Connor R. Development of a high-performance liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric method for the determination of cellular levels of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors lapatinib and dasatinib. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3982-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 10/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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