51
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Zied Z, Edahech A, Rigano F, Micalizzi G, Mondello L, Kharrat N, Sellami M, Cacciola F. Monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol production by hydrolysis of refined vegetable oil by‐products using an immobilized lipase from
Serratia
sp. W3. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4323-4330. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zarai Zied
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of LipasesNational School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Edahech
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of LipasesNational School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Francesca Rigano
- Chromaleont s.r.l.c/o Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Micalizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Chromaleont s.r.l.c/o Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
- Department of MedicineUniversity Campus Bio‐Medico of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Nadia Kharrat
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of LipasesNational School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Sellami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of LipasesNational School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Dipartimento di Scienze BiomedicheOdontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e FunzionaliUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
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Zhang SD, Gong C, Lu Y, Xu X. Separation of Triacylglycerols from Edible Oil Using a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry System with a Porous Graphitic Carbon Column and a Toluene-Isopropanol Gradient Mobile Phase. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ding Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Can Gong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
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Fatty acids, triacylglycerols, and thermal behaviour of various mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernel fats. Food Res Int 2018; 116:527-537. [PMID: 30716977 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mango processing generates high amounts of unexploited kernels. Lipid profiles and thermal behaviour of kernel fats from seven Mangifera indica L. cultivars originating from Latin America and Thailand were characterised. Total lipid contents ranged between 5.4 and 11.9%. Detailed GC-FID, GC-MS, and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn analyses revealed two fatty acids and five triacylglycerols as novel mango kernel constituents. Owing to the prevailing saturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols, 'Maha Chanook' fat had a significantly higher melting point, the highest solid fat indices at all temperatures, and densely packed crystals as shown by DSC and light microscopy, respectively. In contrast, 'Falan' exhibited high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols with low equivalent carbon numbers (40-46), resulting in lower melting and crystallisation temperatures and a loosened crystal network. 'Keitt' and 'Palmer' fats showed high proportions of triacylglycerols with medium equivalent carbon numbers (44-52). Mango kernels represent a sustainable source for liquid to semi-solid edible fats suitable for numerous potential applications, e.g., in food and cosmetics.
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54
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Liu Z, Rochfort S, Cocks B. Milk lipidomics: What we know and what we don't. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 71:70-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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55
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Makarov P, Zheng D, Le D, Evans JJ. The Impact of the Complexing Cation on the Sensitivity of the Collisional-Induced Dissociation Spectra to Fatty Acid Position for a Set of YXY/YYX-type Triglycerides. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1591-1598. [PMID: 29947151 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONAL The development of an automated platform for the positional analysis of triglycerides based on electrospray tandem mass spectrometry continues to be pursued. This work compares the positional sensitivities of the collisional-induced dissociation spectra for a representative set of YXY/YYX triglycerides using ammonium, silver, sodium and lithium as complexing agents. METHODS A set of triglycerides were synthesized and analyzed by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry using an ion trap mass spectrometer. Using different salt additives, the product ion spectra of the corresponding parent ions for twelve systems of the form YXY/YYX, where Y and X represent C16:0 , C18:1(c-9), C18:2(cc-9,12) and C20:4(cccc-5,8,11,14) , were collected. The data was used to prepare two-point calibration plots for each of the twelve positional isomer systems using each of the four complexing agents. RESULTS The positional sensitivities for all twelve positional isomer systems were robust for both the sodium and lithium TAG adducts. The CID data for both the sodium and lithium TAG adducts are much less sensitive to the degree of unsaturation and double bond position of the fatty acids constituents than the CID data for the ammonium adducts. CONCLUSION Using sodium or lithium TAG adducts may be advantageous for the development of an accurate predictive model for performing positional analysis of complex TAG mixtures based on electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Ammonium adducts are likely complicated by the ability of the ammonium ion to provide extra stability to some parent ions through hydrogen bond-like interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Makarov
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Chemistry Dept., 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Dong Zheng
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Duc Le
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Chemistry Dept., 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jason J Evans
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125
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56
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Xu SL, Wei F, Xie Y, Lv X, Dong XY, Chen H. Research advances based on mass spectrometry for profiling of triacylglycerols in oils and fats and their applications. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1558-1568. [PMID: 29572876 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vegetable oils and animal fats are dietary source of lipids that play critical and multiple roles in biological function. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the principal component of oils and fats with significant difference in profile among different oils and fats. TAG profiling is essential for nutritional evaluation, quality control and assurance of safety in oils and fats. However, analysis of TAGs is a challenging task because of the complicated composition of TAGs and their similar physicochemical properties in oils and fats. The rapid development of mass spectrometry (MS) technology in recent years makes it possible to analyze the composition, content and structure of TAGs in the study of the physical, chemical and nutritional properties of oils, fats and related products. This review described the research advancement based on MS for profiling of TAGs in oil, fat and their applications in food. The application of MS, including direct infusion strategies, and its combination with chromatography, gas chromatography-MS (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS), in the analysis of TAGs were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of these analytical methods with relevant applications for TAGs analysis in food were also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Xu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ya Xie
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lv
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Yan Dong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, P. R. China
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57
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Evaluation of physical parameters of walnut and walnut products obtained by cold pressing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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58
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Vrkoslav V, Rumlová B, Strmeň T, Nekvasilová P, Šulc M, Cvačka J. Applicability of low-flow atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and photoionization mass spectrometry with a microfabricated nebulizer for neutral lipids. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:639-648. [PMID: 29457286 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or photoionization (APPI) is widely used for neutral lipids involved in many fundamental processes in living organisms. Commercial APCI and APPI sources operate at high flow rates compatible with conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, lipid analysis is often limited by a small amount of sample, which requires low flow rate separations like capillary or micro-HPLC. Therefore, APCI and APPI suitable for microliter-per-minute flow rates need to be developed and applied for neutral lipids. METHODS A micro-APCI/APPI source with a heated chip nebulizer was assembled and mounted on a Thermo ion trap instrument. The ion source operated in APCI, APPI or dual mode was optimized for low microliter-per-minute sample flow rates. The source performance was investigated for squalene, wax esters, fatty acid methyl esters, triacylglycerols, and cholesterol. RESULTS The ion source behaved as a mass-flow-sensitive detector. Direct infusion of methyl oleate showed superior analytical figures of merit when compared with high-flow ion sources. A detection limit of 200 pmol/mL and a linear dynamic range spanning three orders of magnitude were measured for micro-APCI. The mass spectra of most lipids differed from high flow rate spectra. Unlike micro-APCI, micro-APPI spectra were complicated by odd-electron species. Dual APCI/APPI mode did not show any benefits for neutral lipids. Applications for lipid samples were demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Micro-APCI-MS is a useful detection technique for neutral lipids at microliter-per-minute flow rates. It offers high sensitivity and high quality of spectra in direct infusion mode and promises successful utilization in capillary and micro-HPLC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Vrkoslav
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Rumlová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, CZ-128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Timotej Strmeň
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, CZ-128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Nekvasilová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, CZ-128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Šulc
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology Natural and Food Resources, Department of Chemistry, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, CZ-128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Rabadán A, Álvarez-Ortí M, Gómez R, de Miguel C, Pardo JE. Influence of genotype and crop year in the chemometrics of almond and pistachio oils. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2402-2410. [PMID: 29023801 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almond and pistachio oils can be considered as interesting products to produce and commercialize owing to their health-promoting properties. However, these properties are not consistent because of the differences that appear in oils as a result of the genotype and the crop year. The analysis of these variations and their origin is decisive in ensuring the commercial future prospects of these nut oils. RESULTS Although significant variability has been reported in almond and pistachio oils as a result of the crop year and the interaction between crop year and genotype, the genotype itself remains the main factor determining oil chemometrics. Oil fatty acid profile has been mainly determined by the genotype, with the exception of palmitic fatty acid in pistachio oil. However, the crop year affects the concentration of some minor components of crucial nutritional interest as total polyphenols and phytosterols. CONCLUSION Regarding reported differences in oil, some almond and pistachio genotypes should be prioritized for oil extraction. Breeding programmes focused on the improvement of specific characteristics of almond and pistachio oils should focus on chemical parameters mainly determined by the genotype. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Rabadán
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Ortí
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gómez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - José E Pardo
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Jahurul MHA, Soon Y, Shaarani Sharifudin M, Hasmadi M, Mansoor AH, Zaidul ISM, Lee JS, Ali ME, Ghafoor K, Zzaman W, Jinap S. Bambangan (Mangifera pajang
) kernel fat: a potential new source of cocoa butter alternative. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. A. Jahurul
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - Y. Soon
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - Md. Shaarani Sharifudin
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - M. Hasmadi
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - A. H. Mansoor
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - I. S. M. Zaidul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Kulliyyah of Pharmacy; International Islamic University Malaysia; Kuantan Campus; Kuantan Pahang 25200 Malaysia
| | - J. S. Lee
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah 884000 Malaysia
| | - Md. Eaqub Ali
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NanoCat); University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Kashif Ghafoor
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahidu Zzaman
- Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology; Shahjalal University of Science and Technology; Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - S. Jinap
- Department of Food Science; Faculty of Food Science and Technology; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 UPM Malaysia
- Institute Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI); Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 UPM Malaysia
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Pagliuca G, Bozzi C, Gallo FR, Multari G, Palazzino G, Porrà R, Panusa A. Triacylglycerol “hand-shape profile” of Argan oil. Rapid and simple UHPLC-PDA-ESI-TOF/MS and HPTLC methods to detect counterfeit Argan oil and Argan-oil-based products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 150:121-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Judge EJ, Zheng D, Chivukula S, Gakwaya R, Schostarez S, Li X, Liriano M, Evans JJ. A simple and economical strategy for obtaining calibration plots for relative quantification of positional isomers of YYX/YXY triglycerides using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1690-1698. [PMID: 28792632 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Positional analysis of intact triglycerides could provide greater insights into the link between fatty acid position and lipotoxic diseases. However, this methodology has been impeded by lack of commercial availability of positionally pure triglycerides. This work reports on a strategy for defining calibration plots for YXY/YYX triglyceride systems based on the product ion intensities in the collision-induced dissociation spectra of ammoniated precursor ions. METHODS A set of triglycerides were synthesized and analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using an ion trap mass spectrometer. The product ion spectra of the ammoniated precursor ions were collected for 42 triglyceride systems of the form YXY/YYX, where Y represents C16:0 , C18:1(c-9) and C20:4(cccc-5,8,11,14) . Three-point calibration plots were prepared by plotting the relative abundance of the YY+ product ion vs. the relative abundance of the YYX positional isomer. RESULTS The calibration plots were shown to give relative abundances of positional isomers accurate to within ±0.02 for most systems. Using an ion trap, under a controlled set of collision parameters, the slopes of the calibration plots can be used to compare the sensitivities of the product ion intensities to fatty acid position for various triglyceride systems. The average slopes of the calibration plots for the C16:0 , C18:1(c-9) and C20:4(cccc-5,8,11,14) systems were 0.29 ± 0.05, 0.21 ± 0.05 and 0.045 ± 0.005, respectively. CONCLUSIONS While the presence of multiple unsaturated fatty acids tends to slightly decrease the slopes of the calibration plots, the data suggest that the sensitivities are sufficient for performing positional analysis of most triglyceride systems. However, the presence of unsaturated fatty acids that contain double bonds close to the carbonyl group, such as arachidonic acid, tends to dramatically decrease positional sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Judge
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Dong Zheng
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Swathilekha Chivukula
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Robert Gakwaya
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Sarah Schostarez
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Xingwen Li
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Melissa Liriano
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Jason J Evans
- Chemistry Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
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One-Pot Analysis: a New Integrated Methodology for Determination of TAG and FA Determination through LC/MS and in-silico Saponification. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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65
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Effects of replacement of beef fat with interesterified palm kernel oil on the quality characteristics of Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Meat Sci 2017; 131:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Triacylglycerols in edible oils: Determination, characterization, quantitation, chemometric approach and evaluation of adulterations. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1515:1-16. [PMID: 28801042 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vegetable oils are a dietary source of lipids that constitute an essential component of a healthy diet. The commonly used vegetable oils differ significantly for their triacylglycerol (TAG) profile. TAGs represent the principal components of oils and may contain different fatty acids (FA) esterified with glycerol leading to several positional isomers. To differentiate individual TAGs species in edible oils, advanced analysis systems and innovative methods are therefore required. TAGs can be considered as good fingerprints for quality control and many studies have been performed to develop rapid and low cost analytical methods to determinate the authenticity, origin and eventually evidence frauds or adulterations. The present manuscript provides a general overview on the most common vegetable oils TAGs compositions and on the related analytical methodologies recently used. Finally, the chemometric applications developed to assess the authenticity, quality and botanical origin of various edible oils are discussed.
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Kalužíková A, Vrkoslav V, Harazim E, Hoskovec M, Plavka R, Buděšínský M, Bosáková Z, Cvačka J. Cholesteryl esters of ω-( O-acyl)-hydroxy fatty acids in vernix caseosa. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1579-1590. [PMID: 28576934 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesteryl esters of ω-(O-acyl)-hydroxy FAs (Chl-ωOAHFAs) were identified for the first time in vernix caseosa and characterized using chromatography and MS. Chl-ωOAHFAs were isolated using adsorption chromatography on silica gel and magnesium hydroxide. Their general structure was established using high-resolution and tandem MS of intact lipids, and products of their transesterification and derivatizations. Individual molecular species were characterized using nonaqueous reversed-phase HPLC coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. The analytes were detected as protonated molecules, and their structures were elucidated in the negative ion mode using controlled thermal decomposition and data-dependent fragmentation. About three hundred molecular species of Chl-ωOAHFAs were identified in this way. The most abundant Chl-ωOAHFAs contained 32:1 ω-hydroxy FA (ω-HFA) and 14:0, 15:0, 16:0, 16:1, and 18:1 FAs. The double bond in the 32:1 ω-HFA was in the n-7 and n-9 positions. Chl-ωOAHFAs are estimated to account for approximately 1-2% of vernix caseosa lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kalužíková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Vrkoslav
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Harazim
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hoskovec
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Plavka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Faculty Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, CZ-128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Chemical Characterization of Major and Minor Compounds of Nut Oils: Almond, Hazelnut, and Pecan Nut. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/2609549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to characterize the major and minor compounds of laboratory-extracted and commercial oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut. Oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut were obtained by means of an expeller system, while the corresponding commercial oils were provided from Vital Âtman (BR). The contents of triacylglycerols, fatty acids, aliphatic and terpenic alcohols, desmethyl-, methyl-, and dimethylsterols, squalene, and tocopherols were determined. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the main fatty acids. Desmethylsterols were the principal minor compounds withβ-sitosterol being the most abundant component. Low amounts of aliphatic and terpenic alcohols were also found. The major tocopherol in hazelnut and sweet almond oils wasα-tocopherol, whereasγ-tocopherol prevailed in pecan nut oil. Principal component analysis made it possible for us to differentiate among samples, as well as to distinguish between commercial and laboratory-extracted oils. Heatmap highlighted the main variables featuring each sample. Globally, these results have brought a new approach on nut oil characterization.
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69
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Fanali C, Micalizzi G, Dugo P, Mondello L. Ionic liquids as stationary phases for fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography. Analyst 2017; 142:4601-4612. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01338h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present paper provides an overview of the application of ionic liquid (IL) columns for GC analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Fanali
- Department of Medicine
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- 00128 Rome
- Italy
| | - G. Micalizzi
- Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”
- University of Messina – Polo Annunziata
- 98168 Messina
| | - P. Dugo
- Department of Medicine
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- 00128 Rome
- Italy
- Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche
| | - L. Mondello
- Department of Medicine
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- 00128 Rome
- Italy
- Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche
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70
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Donato P, Inferrera V, Sciarrone D, Mondello L. Supercritical fluid chromatography for lipid analysis in foodstuffs. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:361-382. [PMID: 27696781 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The task of lipid analysis has always challenged separation scientists, and new techniques in chromatography were often developed for the separation of lipids; however, no single technique or methodology is yet capable of affording a comprehensive screening of all lipid species and classes. This review acquaints the role of supercritical fluid chromatography within the field of lipid analysis, from the early developed capillary separations based on pure CO2 , to the most recent techniques employing packed columns under subcritical conditions, including the niche multidimensional techniques using supercritical fluids in at least one of the separation dimensions. A short history of supercritical fluid chromatography will be introduced first, from its early popularity in the late 1980s, to the sudden fall and oblivion until the last decade, experiencing a regain of interest within the chromatographic community. Afterwards, the subject of lipid nomenclature and classification will be briefly dealt with, before discussing the main applications of supercritical fluid chromatography for food analysis, according to the specific class of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Donato
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Veronica Inferrera
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Sciarrone
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Chromaleont s.r.l, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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71
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Shin JA, Lee MY, Lee KT. Oxidation Stability of O/W Emulsion Prepared with Linolenic Acid Enriched Diacylglycerol. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C2373-C2380. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Shin
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Chungnam National Univ; Daejeon 305-764 South Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Chungcheongnam-do Health and Environmental Research Inst; Daejeon 300-801 South Korea
| | - Ki-Teak Lee
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Chungnam National Univ; Daejeon 305-764 South Korea
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72
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Analysis of lipid profile in lipid storage myopathy. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1029-1030:157-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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73
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Detailed Compositional Analysis of Vegetable Oil Metathesis Products Using Microfluidic Switching Multidimensional Gas Chromatography. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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74
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Beccaria M, Oteri M, Micalizzi G, Bonaccorsi IL, Purcaro G, Dugo P, Mondello L. Reuse of Dairy Product: Evaluation of the Lipid Profile Evolution During and After Their Shelf-Life. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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75
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Qi B, Zhang Q, Sui X, Wang Z, Li Y, Jiang L. Differential scanning calorimetry study--assessing the influence of composition of vegetable oils on oxidation. Food Chem 2016; 194:601-7. [PMID: 26471598 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The thermal oxidation of eight different vegetable oils was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions at five different heating rates (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15°C/min), in a temperature range of 100-400°C. For all oils, the activation energy (Ea) values at Tp were smaller than that at Ts and Ton. Among all the oils, refined palm oil (RPO) exhibited the highest Ea values, 126.06kJ/mol at Ts, 134.7kJ/mol at Ton, and 91.88kJ/mol at Tp. The Ea and reaction rate constant (k) values at Ts, Ton, and Tp were further correlated with oil compositions (fatty acids and triacylglycerols) using Pearson correlation analysis. The rate constant (k) and Ea of all oils exhibited varying correlations with FAs and TAGs, indicating that the thermal oxidation behaviors were affected by oil compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhongjiang Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China.
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76
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Šala M, Lísa M, Campbell JL, Holčapek M. Determination of triacylglycerol regioisomers using differential mobility spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:256-264. [PMID: 27071217 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Triacylglycerols (TG) contain three fatty acyls attached to the glycerol backbone in stereochemically numbered positions sn-1, 2 and 3. Isobaric TG with exchanged fatty acyl chains in positions sn-1/3 vs. sn-2 are referred to as regioisomers and the determination of their regioisomeric ratios is important for nutrition purposes. METHODS Differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is applied for the separation of simple unsaturated TG regioisomers extracted from porcine adipose tissue using their silver-ion molecular adducts. RESULTS Four pairs of TG regioisomers containing combinations of unsaturated and saturated fatty acyl chains are successfully separated using DMS with 1-butanol or 1-propanol as the chemical modifier. Various experimental parameters are carefully optimized, such as the separation and compensation voltages applied to DMS electrodes, the type and flow rate of chemical modifier and the dwell time of analyte ions in the DMS cell. The optimized DMS approach is used for the characterization of TG regioisomers in less than one minute, compared to tens of minutes typical for silver-ion or reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry approaches. CONCLUSIONS The application of this method for the characterization of TG regioisomers in porcine adipose tissue shows the method suitability for analyses of other animal fats.
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77
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Cífková E, Hájek R, Lísa M, HolĿapek M. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of (lyso)phosphatidic acids, (lyso)phosphatidylserines and other lipid classes. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1439:65-73. [PMID: 26858118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work is a systematic optimization of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation of acidic lipid classes (namely phosphatidic acids-PA, lysophosphatidic acids-LPA, phosphatidylserines-PS and lysophosphatidylserines-LPS) and other lipid classes under mass spectrometry (MS) compatible conditions. The main parameters included in this optimization are the type of stationary phases used in HILIC, pH of the mobile phase, the type and concentration of mobile phase additives. Nine HILIC columns with different chemistries (unmodified silica, modified silica using diol, 2-picolylamine, diethylamine and 1-aminoanthracene and hydride silica) are compared with the emphasis on peak shapes of acidic lipid classes. The optimization of pH is correlated with the theoretical calculation of acidobasic equilibria of studied lipid classes. The final method using the hydride column, pH 4 adjusted by formic acid and the gradient of acetonitrile and 40 mmol/L of aqueous ammonium formate provides good peak shapes for all analyzed lipid classes including acidic lipids. This method is applied for the identification of lipids in real samples of porcine brain and kidney extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cífková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hájek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Lísa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal HolĿapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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78
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Cacciola F, Beccaria M, Oteri M, Utczas M, Giuffrida D, Cicero N, Dugo G, Dugo P, Mondello L. Chemical characterisation of old cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) seed oil by liquid chromatography and different spectroscopic detection systems. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:1646-54. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1131982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cacciola
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Beccaria
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marianna Oteri
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Margita Utczas
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Giuffrida
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Science4life s.r.l., c/o “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Science4life s.r.l., c/o “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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79
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Reliability of the ΔECN42 limit and global method for extra virgin olive oil purity assessment using different analytical approaches. Food Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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80
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Fanali C, Beccaria M, Salivo S, Tranchida P, Tripodo G, Farnetti S, Dugo L, Dugo P, Mondello L. Non-polar lipids characterization of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization/mass spectrometry detection and non-aqueous reversed-phase liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry detection. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3151-3160. [PMID: 26152354 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A chemical characterization of major lipid components, namely, triacylglycerols, fatty acids and the unsaponifiable fraction, in a Quinoa seed lipids sample is reported. To tackle such a task, non-aqueous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection was employed. The latter was interfaced with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for the analysis of triacylglycerols. The main triacylglycerols (>10%) were represented by OLP, OOL and OLL (P = palmitoyl, O = oleoyl, L = linoleoyl); the latter was present in the oil sample at the highest percentage (18.1%). Furthermore, fatty acid methyl esters were evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. 89% of the total fatty acids was represented by unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters with the greatest percentage represented by linoleic and oleic acids accounting for approximately 48 and 28%, respectively. An extensive characterization of the unsaponifiable fraction of Quinoa seed lipids was performed for the first time, by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with dual mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. Overall, 66 compounds of the unsaponifiable fraction were tentatively identified, many constituents of which (particularly sterols) were confirmed by using gas chromatography with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Beccaria
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Salivo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Peter Tranchida
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Sara Farnetti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Cellular Transplantation of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laura Dugo
- University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Chromaleont S.r.l. A Spin-off of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Chromaleont S.r.l. A Spin-off of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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81
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Lísa M, Holčapek M. High-Throughput and Comprehensive Lipidomic Analysis Using Ultrahigh-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:7187-95. [PMID: 26095628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
New analytical approach for high-throughput and comprehensive lipidomic analysis of biological samples using ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC) with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is presented in this work as an alternative approach to established shotgun MS or high-performance liquid chromatography-MS. The lipid class separation is performed by UHPSFC method based on 1.7 μm particle-bridged ethylene hybrid silica column with a gradient of methanol-water-ammonium acetate mixture as a modifier. All parameters of UHPSFC conditions are carefully optimized and their influence on the chromatographic behavior of lipids is discussed. The final UHPSFC/ESI-MS method enables a fast separation of 30 nonpolar and polar lipid classes within 6 min analysis covering 6 main lipid categories including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and prenols. Individual lipid species within lipid classes are identified based on positive and negative-ion full-scan and tandem mass spectra measured with high mass accuracy and high resolving power. Developed UHPSFC/ESI-MS method is applied for the analysis of porcine brain extract as a complex lipidomic sample, where 24 lipid classes containing 436 lipid species are identified. The method is validated for the quantitative analysis of lipid species in biological tissues using internal standards for each lipid class. This high-throughput, comprehensive and accurate UHPSFC/ESI-MS method is suitable for the lipidomic analysis of large sample sets in the clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Lísa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holčapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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82
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Quantitation of triacylglycerols in edible oils by off-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry using a single column. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1404:60-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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83
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Sim HJ, Kim JH, Lee SK, Kim EH, Jin YH, Seo EK, Hong J. Non-Aqueous Reversed Phase HPLC-Evaporative Light Scattering Detection of Triacylglycerols: Quality Evaluation ofCoixSeed. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jung Sim
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science; Daejeon 305-340 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ki Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Jin
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Seo
- College of Pharmacy; Ehwa Womans University; Seoul 120-750 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea
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84
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Determination of the triacylglycerol fraction in fish oil by comprehensive liquid chromatography techniques with the support of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry data. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5211-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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85
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Kalpio M, Nylund M, Linderborg KM, Yang B, Kristinsson B, Haraldsson GG, Kallio H. Enantioselective chromatography in analysis of triacylglycerols common in edible fats and oils. Food Chem 2015; 172:718-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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86
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Analysis of 1,2-diol diesters in vernix caseosa by high-performance liquid chromatography – atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1378:8-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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87
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Remodeling of intermediate metabolism in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum under nitrogen stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 112:412-7. [PMID: 25548193 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419818112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular algae that accumulate significant amounts of triacylglycerols as storage lipids when their growth is limited by nutrients. Using biochemical, physiological, bioinformatics, and reverse genetic approaches, we analyzed how the flux of carbon into lipids is influenced by nitrogen stress in a model diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Our results reveal that the accumulation of lipids is a consequence of remodeling of intermediate metabolism, especially reactions in the tricarboxylic acid and the urea cycles. Specifically, approximately one-half of the cellular proteins are cannibalized; whereas the nitrogen is scavenged by the urea and glutamine synthetase/glutamine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase pathways and redirected to the de novo synthesis of nitrogen assimilation machinery, simultaneously, the photobiological flux of carbon and reductants is used to synthesize lipids. To further examine how nitrogen stress triggers the remodeling process, we knocked down the gene encoding for nitrate reductase, a key enzyme required for the assimilation of nitrate. The strain exhibits 40-50% of the mRNA copy numbers, protein content, and enzymatic activity of the wild type, concomitant with a 43% increase in cellular lipid content. We suggest a negative feedback sensor that couples photosynthetic carbon fixation to lipid biosynthesis and is regulated by the nitrogen assimilation pathway. This metabolic feedback enables diatoms to rapidly respond to fluctuations in environmental nitrogen availability.
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88
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Salivo S, Beccaria M, Sullini G, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Mondello L. Analysis of human plasma lipids by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with dual detection and with the support of high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry for structural elucidation. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:267-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Salivo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Marco Beccaria
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sullini
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Peter Q. Tranchida
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.); Università Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21; Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.); Università Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21; Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
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89
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Hu N, Wei F, Lv X, Wu L, Dong XY, Chen H. Profiling of triacylglycerols in plant oils by high-performance liquid chromatography–atmosphere pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry using a novel mixed-mode column. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 972:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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90
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Beccaria M, Sullini G, Cacciola F, Donato P, Dugo P, Mondello L. High performance characterization of triacylglycerols in milk and milk-related samples by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:172-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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91
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Salghi R, Armbruster W, Schwack W. Detection of argan oil adulteration with vegetable oils by high-performance liquid chromatography–evaporative light scattering detection. Food Chem 2014; 153:387-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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92
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Ragonese C, Tedone L, Beccaria M, Torre G, Cichello F, Cacciola F, Dugo P, Mondello L. Characterisation of lipid fraction of marine macroalgae by means of chromatography techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2014; 145:932-40. [PMID: 24128566 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work the characterisation of the lipid fraction of several species of marine macro algae gathered along the eastern coast of Sicily is reported. Two species of green marine algae (Chloropyceae), two species of red marine algae (Rhodophyceae) and four species of brown marine algae (Pheophyceae) were evaluated in terms of fatty acids, triacylglycerols, pigments and phospholipids profile. Advanced analytical techniques were employed to fully characterise the lipid profile of these Mediterranean seaweeds, such as GC-MS coupled to a novel mass spectra database supported by the simultaneous use of linear retention index (LRI) for the identification of fatty acid profile; LC-MS was employed for the identification of triacylglycerols (TAGs), carotenoids and phospholipids; the determination of accurate mass was carried out on carotenoids and phospholipids. Quantitative data are reported on fatty acids and triacylglycerols as relative percentage of total fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ragonese
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR), University of Messina, viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
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93
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94
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Quadruple parallel mass spectrometry for analysis of vitamin D and triacylglycerols in a dietary supplement. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1320:48-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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95
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Purification of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil using silver-thiolate chromatographic material and high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1312:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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96
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Triacylglyceride profiling in serum by silver ion high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Se Pu 2013; 30:876-82. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2012.05021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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97
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Cífková E, Holčapek M, Lísa M. Nontargeted Lipidomic Characterization of Porcine Organs Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and Off-Line Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Lipids 2013; 48:915-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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98
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Lísa M, Denev R, Holčapek M. Retention behavior of isomeric triacylglycerols in silver-ion HPLC: Effects of mobile phase composition and temperature. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2888-900. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Lísa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Rumen Denev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Michal Holčapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
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99
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Cherif AO, Leveque N, Ben Messaouda M, Kallel H, Moussa F. An electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry screening of triacylglycerols in developing cultivated and wild peanut kernels (Arachis hypogaea L.). Food Chem 2013; 138:1095-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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100
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Quantitative profile of lipid classes in blood by normal phase chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector: Application in the detection of lipid class abnormalities in liver cirrhosis. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 421:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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