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Fernandes AC, Chandran D, Khondoker M, Dewey M, Shetty H, Dutta R, Stewart R. Demographic and clinical factors associated with different antidepressant treatments: a retrospective cohort study design in a UK psychiatric healthcare setting. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022170. [PMID: 30185574 PMCID: PMC6129089 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the demographic and clinical factors associated with antidepressant use for depressive disorder in a psychiatric healthcare setting using a retrospective cohort study design. SETTING Data were extracted from a de-identified data resource sourced from the electronic health records of a London mental health service. Relative risk ratios (RRRs) were obtained from multinomial logistic regression analysis to ascertain the probability of receiving common antidepressant treatments relative to sertraline. PARTICIPANTS Patients were included if they received mental healthcare and a diagnosis of depression with antidepressant treatment between March and August 2015 and exposures were measured over the preceding 12 months. RESULTS Older age was associated with increased use of all antidepressants compared with sertraline, except for negative associations with fluoxetine (RRR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) and a combination of two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (0.98; 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99), and no significant association with escitalopram. Male gender was associated with increased use of mirtazapine compared with sertraline (2.57; 95% CI 1.85 to 3.57). Previous antidepressant, antipsychotic and mood stabiliser use were associated with newer antidepressant use (ie, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, mirtazapine or a combination of both), while affective symptoms were associated with reduced use of citalopram (0.58; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.83) and fluoxetine (0.42; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.72) and somatic symptoms were associated with increased use of mirtazapine (1.60; 95% CI 1.00 to 2.75) relative to sertraline. In patients older than 25 years, past benzodiazepine use was associated with a combination of SSRIs (2.97; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.68), mirtazapine (1.94; 95% CI 1.20 to 3.16) and venlafaxine (1.87; 95% CI 1.04 to 3.34), while past suicide attempts were associated with increased use of fluoxetine (2.06; 95% CI 1.10 to 3.87) relative to sertraline. CONCLUSION There were several factors associated with different antidepressant receipt in psychiatric healthcare. In patients aged >25, those on fluoxetine were more likely to have past suicide attempt, while past use of antidepressant and non-antidepressant use was also associated with use of new generation antidepressants, potentially reflecting perceived treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Fernandes
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - David Chandran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mizanur Khondoker
- Department of Medical Statistics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Michael Dewey
- Freelance Health Statistics Consultant and KCL, London, UK
| | - Hitesh Shetty
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rina Dutta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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McCaig D, Bhatia S, Elliott MT, Walasek L, Meyer C. Text-mining as a methodology to assess eating disorder-relevant factors: Comparing mentions of fitness tracking technology across online communities. Int J Eat Disord 2018; 51:647-655. [PMID: 29734478 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Text-mining offers a technique to identify and extract information from a large corpus of textual data. As an example, this study presents the application of text-mining to assess and compare interest in fitness tracking technology across eating disorder and health-related online communities. METHOD A list of fitness tracking technology terms was developed, and communities (i.e., 'subreddits') on a large online discussion platform (Reddit) were compared regarding the frequency with which these terms occurred. The corpus used in this study comprised all comments posted between May 2015 and January 2018 (inclusive) on six subreddits-three eating disorder-related, and three relating to either fitness, weight-management, or nutrition. All comments relating to the same 'thread' (i.e., conversation) were concatenated, and formed the cases used in this study (N = 377,276). RESULTS Within the eating disorder-related subreddits, the findings indicated that a 'pro-eating disorder' subreddit, which is less recovery focused than the other eating disorder subreddits, had the highest frequency of fitness tracker terms. Across all subreddits, the weight-management subreddit had the highest frequency of the fitness tracker terms' occurrence, and MyFitnessPal was the most frequently mentioned fitness tracker. DISCUSSION The technique exemplified here can potentially be used to assess group differences to identify at-risk populations, generate and explore clinically relevant research questions in populations who are difficult to recruit, and scope an area for which there is little extant literature. The technique also facilitates methodological triangulation of research findings obtained through more 'traditional' techniques, such as surveys or interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan McCaig
- WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Sudeep Bhatia
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennysylvania
| | | | | | - Caroline Meyer
- WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Fernandes AC, Dutta R, Velupillai S, Sanyal J, Stewart R, Chandran D. Identifying Suicide Ideation and Suicidal Attempts in a Psychiatric Clinical Research Database using Natural Language Processing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7426. [PMID: 29743531 PMCID: PMC5943451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into suicide prevention has been hampered by methodological limitations such as low sample size and recall bias. Recently, Natural Language Processing (NLP) strategies have been used with Electronic Health Records to increase information extraction from free text notes as well as structured fields concerning suicidality and this allows access to much larger cohorts than previously possible. This paper presents two novel NLP approaches - a rule-based approach to classify the presence of suicide ideation and a hybrid machine learning and rule-based approach to identify suicide attempts in a psychiatric clinical database. Good performance of the two classifiers in the evaluation study suggest they can be used to accurately detect mentions of suicide ideation and attempt within free-text documents in this psychiatric database. The novelty of the two approaches lies in the malleability of each classifier if a need to refine performance, or meet alternate classification requirements arises. The algorithms can also be adapted to fit infrastructures of other clinical datasets given sufficient clinical recording practice knowledge, without dependency on medical codes or additional data extraction of known risk factors to predict suicidal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Fernandes
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Rina Dutta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sumithra Velupillai
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jyoti Sanyal
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom
| | - David Chandran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom
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54
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Kwon OS, Kim J, Choi KH, Ryu Y, Park JE. Trends in deqi research: a text mining and network analysis. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:231-237. [PMID: 30271711 PMCID: PMC6160493 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deqi is a term describing a special state of the human body, which is ready to cure itself through acupuncture stimulation and is believed to be a key factor in acupuncture treatment. However, knowledge about deqi remains subjective. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the factors related to deqi generation based on present studies to promote the progression of deqi research. Methods A term frequency–inverse document frequency (Tf-idf) was used to extract key elements from the abstracts of 148 articles searched from Pubmed, and the network structure between key elements was analyzed. Results A total of 37 items were extracted from the abstracts. Each item was categorized into one of three groups (acupuncture-related sensation, interventions or organ/mechanism). Acupuncture-related sensation was studied by comparing the items in the interventions group with the organ/mechanism group. Key elements related to deqi generation included muscles from the organ/mechanism group and intensity, depth and pressure from the interventions group. Items that belonged to the acupuncture-related sensation group were divided into two clusters: one cluster consisted of pain, tingling, aching, soreness, heaviness, fullness and numbness; the other included warm, cold and dull. Conclusion We could find out that the trend of deqi was leaning towards the interventions group, which related to the generation of deqi; thus, authors concluded that the mechanism studies, which are aimed to investigate why deqi is generated or what kind of meanings it has, are needed for evolution of acupuncture theory and application of the brand new technologies and related devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sang Kwon
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Junbeom Kim
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choi
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Park
- Mibyeong Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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55
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Karystianis G, Nevado AJ, Kim C, Dehghan A, Keane JA, Nenadic G. Automatic mining of symptom severity from psychiatric evaluation notes. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2018; 27:e1602. [PMID: 29271009 PMCID: PMC5888187 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As electronic mental health records become more widely available, several approaches have been suggested to automatically extract information from free-text narrative aiming to support epidemiological research and clinical decision-making. In this paper, we explore extraction of explicit mentions of symptom severity from initial psychiatric evaluation records. We use the data provided by the 2016 CEGS N-GRID NLP shared task Track 2, which contains 541 records manually annotated for symptom severity according to the Research Domain Criteria. METHODS We designed and implemented 3 automatic methods: a knowledge-driven approach relying on local lexicalized rules based on common syntactic patterns in text suggesting positive valence symptoms; a machine learning method using a neural network; and a hybrid approach combining the first 2 methods with a neural network. RESULTS The results on an unseen evaluation set of 216 psychiatric evaluation records showed a performance of 80.1% for the rule-based method, 73.3% for the machine-learning approach, and 72.0% for the hybrid one. CONCLUSIONS Although more work is needed to improve the accuracy, the results are encouraging and indicate that automated text mining methods can be used to classify mental health symptom severity from free text psychiatric notes to support epidemiological and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Karystianis
- Centre for Health InformaticsAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineThe Kirby Institute, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | | | - Chi‐Hun Kim
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Azad Dehghan
- The Christie NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
- School of Computer ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - John A. Keane
- School of Computer ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Goran Nenadic
- School of Computer ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- HerRCHealth e‐Research CentreManchesterUK
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Grenouilloux A. Psychiatrie phénoménologique, médecine de la personne et big data. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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57
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Posada JD, Barda AJ, Shi L, Xue D, Ruiz V, Kuan PH, Ryan ND, Tsui FR. Predictive modeling for classification of positive valence system symptom severity from initial psychiatric evaluation records. J Biomed Inform 2017; 75S:S94-S104. [PMID: 28571784 PMCID: PMC5705330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In response to the challenges set forth by the CEGS N-GRID 2016 Shared Task in Clinical Natural Language Processing, we describe a framework to automatically classify initial psychiatric evaluation records to one of four positive valence system severities: absent, mild, moderate, or severe. We used a dataset provided by the event organizers to develop a framework comprised of natural language processing (NLP) modules and 3 predictive models (two decision tree models and one Bayesian network model) used in the competition. We also developed two additional predictive models for comparison purpose. To evaluate our framework, we employed a blind test dataset provided by the 2016 CEGS N-GRID. The predictive scores, measured by the macro averaged-inverse normalized mean absolute error score, from the two decision trees and Naïve Bayes models were 82.56%, 82.18%, and 80.56%, respectively. The proposed framework in this paper can potentially be applied to other predictive tasks for processing initial psychiatric evaluation records, such as predicting 30-day psychiatric readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D Posada
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States; Electronics and Telecommunications Engineer Program, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, CI. 90 #46-112, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Amie J Barda
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States
| | - Lingyun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States
| | - Diyang Xue
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States
| | - Victor Ruiz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States
| | - Pei-Han Kuan
- Institute of Manufacturing Information and System, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Neal D Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Fuchiang Rich Tsui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States.
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Tran T, Kavuluru R. Predicting mental conditions based on "history of present illness" in psychiatric notes with deep neural networks. J Biomed Inform 2017; 75S:S138-S148. [PMID: 28606869 PMCID: PMC5705423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Applications of natural language processing to mental health notes are not common given the sensitive nature of the associated narratives. The CEGS N-GRID 2016 Shared Task in Clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP) changed this scenario by providing the first set of neuropsychiatric notes to participants. This study summarizes our efforts and results in proposing a novel data use case for this dataset as part of the third track in this shared task. OBJECTIVE We explore the feasibility and effectiveness of predicting a set of common mental conditions a patient has based on the short textual description of patient's history of present illness typically occurring in the beginning of a psychiatric initial evaluation note. MATERIALS AND METHODS We clean and process the 1000 records made available through the N-GRID clinical NLP task into a key-value dictionary and build a dataset of 986 examples for which there is a narrative for history of present illness as well as Yes/No responses with regards to presence of specific mental conditions. We propose two independent deep neural network models: one based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and another based on recurrent neural networks with hierarchical attention (ReHAN), the latter of which allows for interpretation of model decisions. We conduct experiments to compare these methods to each other and to baselines based on linear models and named entity recognition (NER). RESULTS Our CNN model with optimized thresholding of output probability estimates achieves best overall mean micro-F score of 63.144% for 11 common mental conditions with statistically significant gains (p<0.05) over all other models. The ReHAN model with interpretable attention mechanism scored 61.904% mean micro-F1 score. Both models' improvements over baseline models (support vector machines and NER) are statistically significant. The ReHAN model additionally aids in interpretation of the results by surfacing important words and sentences that lead to a particular prediction for each instance. CONCLUSIONS Although the history of present illness is a short text segment averaging 300 words, it is a good predictor for a few conditions such as anxiety, depression, panic disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Proposed CNN and RNN models outperform baseline approaches and complement each other when evaluating on a per-label basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Tran
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, 329 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Ramakanth Kavuluru
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, 329 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University Kentucky, 725 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Abbe A, Grouin C, Zweigenbaum P, Falissard B. Text mining applications in psychiatry: a systematic literature review. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2016; 25:86-100. [PMID: 26184780 PMCID: PMC6877250 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of biomedical literature is creating the need for efficient tools to keep pace with increasing volumes of information. Text mining (TM) approaches are becoming essential to facilitate the automated extraction of useful biomedical information from unstructured text. We reviewed the applications of TM in psychiatry, and explored its advantages and limitations. A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane databases. In this review, 1103 papers were screened, and 38 were included as applications of TM in psychiatric research. Using TM and content analysis, we identified four major areas of application: (1) Psychopathology (i.e. observational studies focusing on mental illnesses) (2) the Patient perspective (i.e. patients' thoughts and opinions), (3) Medical records (i.e. safety issues, quality of care and description of treatments), and (4) Medical literature (i.e. identification of new scientific information in the literature). The information sources were qualitative studies, Internet postings, medical records and biomedical literature. Our work demonstrates that TM can contribute to complex research tasks in psychiatry. We discuss the benefits, limits, and further applications of this tool in the future. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Abbe
- Inserm, U669, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, UMR-S0669, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Bruno Falissard
- Inserm, U669, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, UMR-S0669, Paris, France
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