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Spanopoulos I, Ke W, Kanatzidis MG. In Quest of Environmentally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells: A Perspective. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston 60208 IL, United States
| | - Weijun Ke
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston 60208 IL, United States
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52
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Focussed Review of Utilization of Graphene-Based Materials in Electron Transport Layer in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Materials-Based Issues. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13236335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work applies a focal point of materials-related issues to review the major case studies of electron transport layers (ETLs) of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that contain graphene-based materials (GBMs), including graphene (GR), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The coverage includes the principal components of ETLs, which are compact and mesoporous TiO2, SnO2, ZnO and the fullerene derivative PCBM. Basic considerations of solar cell design are provided and the effects of the different ETL materials on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) have been surveyed. The strategy of adding GBMs is based on a range of phenomenological outcomes, including enhanced electron transport, enhanced current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics and parameters, potential for band gap (Eg) tuning, and enhanced device stability (chemical and environmental). These characteristics are made complicated by the variable effects of GBM size, amount, morphology, and distribution on the nanostructure, the resultant performance, and the associated effects on the potential for charge recombination. A further complication is the uncertain nature of the interfaces between the ETL and perovskite as well as between phases within the ETL.
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53
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Xi J, Spanopoulos I, Bang K, Xu J, Dong H, Yang Y, Malliakas CD, Hoffman JM, Kanatzidis MG, Wu Z. Alternative Organic Spacers for More Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Containing Ruddlesden-Popper Phases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19705-19714. [PMID: 33147413 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases are a homologous layered subclass of solution-processable semiconductors that have aroused great attention, especially for developing long-term solar photovoltaics. They are defined as (A')2(A)n-1PbnX3n+1 (A' = spacer cation, A = cage cation, and X = halide anion). The orientation control of low-temperature self-assembled thin films is a fundamental issue associated with the ability to control the charge carrier transport perpendicular to the substrate. Here we report new chemical derivatives designed from a molecular perspective using a novel spacer cation 3-phenyl-2-propenammonium (PPA) with conjugated backbone as a low-temperature strategy to assemble more efficient solar cells. First, we solved and refined the crystal structures of single crystals with the general formula (PPA)2(FA0.5MA0.5)n-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 2 and 3, space group C2) using X-ray diffraction and then used the mixed halide (PPA)2(Cs0.05(FA0.88MA0.12)0.95)n-1Pbn(I0.88Br0.12)3n+1 analogues to achieve more efficient devices. While forming the RP phases, multiple hydrogen bonds between PPA and inorganic octahedra reinforce the layered structure. For films we observe that as the targeted layer thickness index increases from n = 2 to n = 4, a less horizontal preferred orientation of the inorganic layers is progressively realized along with an increased presence of high-n or 3D phases, with an improved flow of free charge carriers and vertical to substrate conductivity. Accordingly, we achieve an efficiency of 14.76% for planar p-i-n solar cells using PPA-RP perovskites, which retain 93.8 ± 0.25% efficiency with encapsulation after 600 h at 85 °C and 85% humidity (ISOS-D-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xi
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy Systems, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kijoon Bang
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy Systems, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hua Dong
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Justin M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhaoxin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
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54
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Lee PH, Wu TT, Tian KY, Li CF, Hou CH, Shyue JJ, Lu CF, Huang YC, Su WF. Work-Function-Tunable Electron Transport Layer of Molecule-Capped Metal Oxide for a High-Efficiency and Stable p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45936-45949. [PMID: 32917088 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The composite electron transporting layer (ETL) of metal oxide with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) prevents perovskite from metal electrode erosion and increases p-i-n perovskite solar cell (PVSC) stability. Although the oxide exhibits protective function, an additional work function modifier is still needed for good device performance. Usually, complicated multistep synthesis is employed to have a highly crystalline film that increases manufacturing cost and inhibits scalability. We report a facile synthesis of a novel organic-molecule-capped metal oxide nanoparticle film for the composite ETL. The nanoparticle film not only has a dual function of electron transport and protection but also exhibits work function tunability. Solvothermal-prepared SnO2 nanoparticles are capped with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) through ligand exchange. The resulting TBAOH-SnO2 nanoparticles disperse well in ethanol and form a uniform film on PCBM. The power conversion efficiency of the device dramatically increases from 14.91 to 18.77% using this layer because of reduced charge accumulation and aligned band structure. The PVSC thermal stability is significantly enhanced by adopting this layer, which prevents migration of I- and Ag. The ligand exchange method extends to other metal oxides, such as TiO2, ITO, and CeO2, demonstrating its broad applicability. These results provide a cornerstone for large-scale manufacture of high-performance and stable PVSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Huan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Tzu Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yu Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Li
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fu Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fang Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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55
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Arslan Hamat B, Aydınol MK. Experimental investigation on the electrocatalytic behavior of Ag-based oxides, Ag2XO4 (X= Cr, Mo, W), for the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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56
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Li B, Yu X, Jia L, Zhang M, Hu W, Shang Y, Li X, Ding L, Xu J, Yang S. Fast Wetting of a Fullerene Capping Layer Improves the Efficiency and Scalability of Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37265-37274. [PMID: 32689792 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene derivatives, especially [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), have been widely applied as electron transport layers of inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the solution-processed PCBM capping layer suffers from limited surface wetting which hinders the improvement in efficiency and scalability of PSCs. Herein, we develop a facile hybrid solvent strategy that enables very fast wetting of the PCBM capping layer atop of the perovskite surface, leading to an improved interfacial contact and electron transport. The significantly enhanced wettability of the PCBM solution fulfilled through blending isopropyl alcohol into the commonly used chlorobenzene (CB) is attributed to the reduced surface tension while retaining viscosity. As a result, the electron mobility and electric conductivity of the PCBM capping layer increase by around two times, and the PSC devices exhibit the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.92%, which is improved by ∼18% relative to that of the control device (16.78%). Importantly, this strategy is also applicable for other alcohols (ethanol and methanol) and CB blends. Moreover, the fast wetting approach enables us to deposit the PCBM capping layer using a facile drop-casting method, affording comparable PCEs to those obtained by the conventional spin-coating method, which is not achievable by using the conventional single solvent. This fast wetting PCBM capping layer also contributes to efficiency improvement of large-area (1 cm2) devices. These advances hold great potential for other scalable deposition methods such as blade-coating and slot-die coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bairu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lingbo Jia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wanpei Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yanbo Shang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xingcheng Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jixian Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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57
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Elsenety MM, Stergiou A, Sygellou L, Tagmatarchis N, Balis N, Falaras P. Boosting perovskite nanomorphology and charge transport properties via a functional D-π-A organic layer at the absorber/hole transporter interface. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15137-15149. [PMID: 32638773 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02562c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The photovoltaic efficiency and stability challenges encountered in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were addressed by an innovative interface engineering approach involving the utilization of the organic chromophore (E)-3-(5-(4-(bis(2',4'-dibutoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (D35) as an interlayer between the perovskite absorber and the hole transporter (HTM) of mesoporous PSCs. The organic D-π-A interlayer primarily improves the perovskite's crystallinity and creates a smoother perovskite/HTM interface, while reducing the grain boundary defects and inducing an energy level alignment with the adjacent layers. Champion power conversion efficiencies (PCE) as high as 18.5% were obtained, clearly outperforming the reference devices. Interestingly, the D35-based solar cells present superior stability since they preserved 83% of their initial efficiency after 37 days of storage under dark and open circuit (OC) conditions. The obtained results consolidate the multifunctional role of organic D-π-A molecules as perovskite interface modifiers towards performance enhancement and scale-up fabrication of robust PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsenety
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 15341, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
| | - Anastasios Stergiou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Labrini Sygellou
- Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Platani GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Balis
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 15341, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
| | - Polycarpos Falaras
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 15341, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
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58
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Singh A, Chen HC, Chen YF, Lu YJ, Wong KT, Chu CW. Core-Twisted Tetrachloroperylenediimides: Low-Cost and Efficient Non-Fullerene Organic Electron-Transporting Materials for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:3686-3695. [PMID: 32314499 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, core-twisted tetrachloroperylenediimides (ClPDIs) were introduced as new efficient electron-transporting materials (ETMs) to replace the commonly used fullerene acceptor PC61 BM in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). ClPDI showed a low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of -3.95 eV, which was compatible with the conduction band of CH3 NH3 PbI3-x Clx (-3.90 eV). In addition, the role of the length of the alkyl side chain at the imide position of ClPDI in modulating the molecular solubility, aggregation capacity for charge-transport properties, surface hydrophobicity, and PSC performance was investigated. The device based on ClPDI-C4 (ClPDI with n-butyl side chains) as ETM achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.3 % under standard AM 1.5G illumination, which iwas very competitive with that of the reference device employing PC61 BM/C60 (PCE=17.2 %) as ETM. Moreover, the devices with ClPDIs as ETMs exhibited better device stability than that with PC61 BM/C60 . This work highlights the great potential of ClPDI derivatives as low-cost (≈2.0 USD g-1 ) and effective ETMs to obtain efficient solution-processed inverted PSCs. This class of ClPDI derivatives is expected further promote the performance and stability of PSCs after extended investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Singh
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National (Taiwan) University, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National (Taiwan) University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan
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59
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Wang H, Li H, Cai W, Zhang P, Cao S, Chen Z, Zang Z. Challenges and strategies relating to device function layers and their integration toward high-performance inorganic perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14369-14404. [PMID: 32617550 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03408h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Parallel to the flourishing of inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the development of inorganic cesium-based metal halide PSCs (CsPbX3) is accelerating, with power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of over 20% being obtained. Although CsPbX3 possesses numerous merits, such as superior thermal stability and great potential for use in tandem solar cells, severe challenges remain, such as its phase instability, trap state density, and absorption range limitations, hindering further performance improvements and commercialization. This review summarizes challenges and strategies relating to each device functional layer and their integration for the purposes of performance improvement and commercialization, utilizing the fundamental configuration of a perovskite photo-absorption layer, electron transport layer (ETL), and hole transport layer (HTL ). In detail, we first analyze comprehensively strategies for designing high-quality CsPbX3 perovskite films, including precursor engineering, element doping, and post-treatment, followed by discussing the precise control of the CsPbX3 film fabrication process. Then, we introduce and analyze the carrier dynamics and interfacial modifications of inorganic ETLs, such as TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, and other typical organic ETLs with p-i-n configuration. The pros and cons of inorganic and organic HTLs are then discussed from the viewpoints of stability and band structure. Subsequently, promising candidates, i.e., HTL-free carbon-electrode-based inorganic CsPbX3 PSCs, that meet the "golden triangle" criteria used by the PSC community are reviewed, followed by discussion of other obstacles, such as hysteresis and large-scale fabrication, that lie on the road toward PSC commercialization. Finally, some perspectives relating to solutions to development bottlenecks are proposed, with the attempt to gain insight into CsPbX3 PSCs and inspire future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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60
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Said AA, Xie J, Zhao K, Liu W, Yu F, Zhang Q. Beyond Perovskite Solar Cells: Tellurium Iodide as a Promising Light-Absorbing Material for Solution-Processed Photovoltaic Application. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1505-1509. [PMID: 32207232 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Searching new light-absorbing materials to replace toxic lead halide in solar cells is very important and highly desirable. In this research, we firstly demonstrated that tellurium iodide (TeI4 ) could be used as a light-absorbing material in solar cells due to its suitable optical band gap and the active lone-pair electron orbital in Te4+ . The best power conversion efficiency (PCE=3.56%) was achieved with a concentration of 0.9 M TeI4 in DMF:DMSO (4 : 1, v,v) without any heat treatment or antisolvent dripping. Our study indicates the promising potential of TeI4 for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Said
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jian Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kexiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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61
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Zhao K, Liu W, Yu F, Long G, Said AA, Wang Z, Gao W, Zhang Q. Imide‐Fused Diazatetracenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2020; 26:4220-4225. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kexiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Guankui Long
- Division of Physics & Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematics Science Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Ahmed Ali Said
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Zongrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics & Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematics Science Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
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63
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Pashaei B, Bellani S, Shahroosvand H, Bonaccorso F. Molecularly engineered hole-transport material for low-cost perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2429-2439. [PMID: 34084407 PMCID: PMC8157471 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triphenylamine-N-phenyl-4-(phenyldiazenyl)aniline (TPA-AZO) is synthesized via a facile CuI-catalyzed reaction and used as a hole transport material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), as an alternative to the expensive spiro-type molecular materials, including commercial 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). Experimental and computational investigations reveal that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of TPA-AZO is deeper than that of spiro-OMeTAD, and optimally matches with the conduction band of the perovskite light absorber. The use of TPA-AZO as a HTM results in PSC prototypes with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) approaching that of the spiro-OMeTAD-based reference device (17.86% vs. 19.07%). Moreover, the use of inexpensive starting reagents for the synthesis of TPA-AZO makes the latter a new affordable HTM for PSCs. In particular, the cost of 1 g of TPA-AZO ($22.76) is significantly lower compared to that of spiro-OMeTAD ($170-475). Overall, TPA-AZO-based HTMs are promising candidates for the implementation of viable PSCs in large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pashaei
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Chemistry Department, University of Zanjan Zanjan Iran
| | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy
| | - Hashem Shahroosvand
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Chemistry Department, University of Zanjan Zanjan Iran
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy
- BeDimensional SpA Via Albisola 121 16163 Genova Italy
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Liu W, Yu F, Fan W, Zhang Q. Improved stability and efficiency of polymer-based selenium solar cells through the usage of tin(iv) oxide in the electron transport layers and the analysis of aging dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14838-14845. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02367a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Well-performing SSCs with SnO2 as the ETL and P3HT as the HTL, showing a long-term stability (more than 1500 h) were fabricated. Moreover, the aging process of the SSCs was analyzed in detail to explore the factors that affect the device behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Weijun Fan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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Cheng XF, Qian WH, Wang J, Yu C, He JH, Li H, Xu QF, Chen DY, Li NJ, Lu JM. Environmentally Robust Memristor Enabled by Lead-Free Double Perovskite for High-Performance Information Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1905731. [PMID: 31668013 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Memristors are emerging as a rising star of new computing and information storage techniques. However, the practical applications are severely challenged by their instability toward harsh conditions, including high moisture, high temperatures, fire, ionizing irradiation, and mechanical bending. In this work, for the first time, lead-free double perovskite Cs2 AgBiBr6 is utilized for environmentally robust memristors, enabling highly efficient information storage. The memory performance of the typical indium-tin-oxide/Cs2 AgBiBr6 /Au sandwich-like memristors is retained after 1000 switching cycles, 105 s of reading, and 104 times of mechanical bending, comparable to other halide perovskite memristors. Most importantly, the memristive behavior remains robust in harsh environments, including humidity up to 80%, temperatures as high as 453 K, an alcohol burner flame for 10 s, and 60 Co γ-ray irradiation for a dosage of 5 × 105 rad (SI), which is not achieved by any other memristors and commercial flash memory techniques. The realization of an environmentally robust memristor from Cs2 AgBiBr6 with a high memory performance will inspire further development of robust electronics using lead-free double perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hu Qian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Testing and Analysis Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hui He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Feng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yun Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Na-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Mei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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66
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Liu W, Shaikh DB, Rao PS, Bhosale RS, Said AA, Mak AM, Wang Z, Zhao M, Gao W, Chen B, Lam YM, Fan W, Bhosale SV, Bhosale SV, Zhang Q. Molecular Aggregation of Naphthalene Diimide(NDI) Derivatives in Electron Transport Layers of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Their Influence on the Device Performance. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:112-121. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Dada B. Shaikh
- Polymers and Functional Material DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500 007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | - Pedada Srinivasa Rao
- Polymers and Functional Material DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500 007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | - Rajesh S. Bhosale
- Department of ChemistryIndrashil University, Kadi Mehsana 382470 Gujarat India
| | - Ahmed Ali Said
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Adrian M. Mak
- Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Singapore
| | - Zongrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Mu Zhao
- School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Weibo Gao
- School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Bingbing Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yeng Ming Lam
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Weijun Fan
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Sidhanath V. Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Material DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500 007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | | | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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67
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Liao K, Yang JA, Li C, Li T, Hao F. Off-Stoichiometric Methylammonium Iodide Passivated Large-Grain Perovskite Film in Ambient Air for Efficient Inverted Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39882-39889. [PMID: 31577113 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hot-casting is a promising technique of depositing high-quality organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin films with large crystal grain size. Here, we reported the that the crystallinity and grain size of perovskite films could be systematically tailored by modulating the stoichiometry of the precursor solution in the hot-casting process under ambient condition with a relative humidity of 40%. It was found that a slight excess of methylammonium iodide (MAI) in the precursor solution could effectively compensate the MAI loss due to the high substrate temperature. A significant increase in the grain size and crystallinity of the perovskite film was observed together with a decrease in defect density and a carrier concentration enhancement in MAI-rich samples. The corresponding devices exhibited a notable increase in fill factor (up to 80.70%) and short-circuit current density. In addition, in MAI-deficient samples, an enrichment of PbI2 at the grain boundaries was directly observed by optical microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed an increase in the charge carrier lifetime in the MAI-deficient samples, which was in line with the previous results with a small amount of excess PbI2 in the perovskite film. This work highlights a new strategy to prepare high-quality perovskite thin films with excellent crystal quality under ambient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Liao
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
- Center for Applied Chemistry , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , P. R. China
| | - Jin-An Yang
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
- Center for Applied Chemistry , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , P. R. China
| | - Chengbo Li
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
- Center for Applied Chemistry , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , P. R. China
| | - Tingshuai Li
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
- Center for Applied Chemistry , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , P. R. China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
- Center for Applied Chemistry , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , P. R. China
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