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Schijns V, Fernández-Tejada A, Barjaktarović Ž, Bouzalas I, Brimnes J, Chernysh S, Gizurarson S, Gursel I, Jakopin Ž, Lawrenz M, Nativi C, Paul S, Pedersen GK, Rosano C, Ruiz-de-Angulo A, Slütter B, Thakur A, Christensen D, Lavelle EC. Modulation of immune responses using adjuvants to facilitate therapeutic vaccination. Immunol Rev 2020; 296:169-190. [PMID: 32594569 PMCID: PMC7497245 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccination offers great promise as an intervention for a diversity of infectious and non-infectious conditions. Given that most chronic health conditions are thought to have an immune component, vaccination can at least in principle be proposed as a therapeutic strategy. Understanding the nature of protective immunity is of vital importance, and the progress made in recent years in defining the nature of pathological and protective immunity for a range of diseases has provided an impetus to devise strategies to promote such responses in a targeted manner. However, in many cases, limited progress has been made in clinical adoption of such approaches. This in part results from a lack of safe and effective vaccine adjuvants that can be used to promote protective immunity and/or reduce deleterious immune responses. Although somewhat simplistic, it is possible to divide therapeutic vaccine approaches into those targeting conditions where antibody responses can mediate protection and those where the principal focus is the promotion of effector and memory cellular immunity or the reduction of damaging cellular immune responses as in the case of autoimmune diseases. Clearly, in all cases of antigen-specific immunotherapy, the identification of protective antigens is a vital first step. There are many challenges to developing therapeutic vaccines beyond those associated with prophylactic diseases including the ongoing immune responses in patients, patient heterogeneity, and diversity in the type and stage of disease. If reproducible biomarkers can be defined, these could allow earlier diagnosis and intervention and likely increase therapeutic vaccine efficacy. Current immunomodulatory approaches related to adoptive cell transfers or passive antibody therapy are showing great promise, but these are outside the scope of this review which will focus on the potential for adjuvanted therapeutic active vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Schijns
- Wageningen University, Cell Biology & Immunology and, ERC-The Netherlands, Schaijk, Landerd campus, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Biscay, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Žarko Barjaktarović
- Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ilias Bouzalas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Sergey Chernysh
- Laboratory of Insect Biopharmacology and Immunology, Department of Entomology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Žiga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria Lawrenz
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (CH), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ane Ruiz-de-Angulo
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Biscay, Spain
| | - Bram Slütter
- Div. BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Saeed M, Faisal SM, Akhtar F, Ahmad S, Alreshidi MM, Kausar MA, Kazmi S, Saeed A, Adnan M, Ashraf GM. Human Papillomavirus Induced Cervical and Oropharyngeal Cancers: From Mechanisms to Potential Immuno-therapeutic Strategies. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 21:167-177. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200421121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) associated infections are the hallmark of cervical and neck cancer.
Almost all the cases of cervical cancer (CC) and 70% of oropharyngeal cancer (OC) are, more or less, caused by the
persistent infection of HPV. CC is the fourth most common cancer globally, and is commenced by the persistent
infection with human papillomaviruses (HPVs), predominantly HPV types; 16 and 18. In the light of the above facts,
there is an immediate requirement to develop novel preventive and innovative therapeutic strategies that may help in
lower occurrences of HPV mediated cancers. Currently, only radiation and chemical-based therapies are the treatment
for HPV mediated neck cancer (NC) and CC. Recent advances in the field of immunotherapy are underway,
which are expected to unravel the optimal treatment strategies for the growing HPV mediated cancers. In this review,
we decipher the mechanism of pathogenesis with current immunotherapeutic advances in regressing the NC and CC,
with an emphasis on immune-therapeutic strategies being tested in clinical trials and predominantly focus on defining
the efficacy and limitations. Taken together, these immunological advances have enhanced the effectiveness of immunotherapy
and promises better treatment results in coming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohd Faisal
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Firoz Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 2099, United States
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa M. Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Kazmi
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Amir Saeed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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53
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Wakui H, Tanaka Y, Ose T, Matsumoto I, Kato K, Min Y, Tachibana T, Sato M, Naruchi K, Martin FG, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. A straightforward approach to antibodies recognising cancer specific glycopeptidic neoepitopes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4999-5006. [PMID: 34122956 PMCID: PMC8159228 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrantly truncated immature O-glycosylation in proteins occurs in essentially all types of epithelial cancer cells, which was demonstrated to be a common feature of most adenocarcinomas and strongly associated with cancer proliferation and metastasis. Although extensive efforts have been made toward the development of anticancer antibodies targeting MUC1, one of the most studied mucins having cancer-relevant immature O-glycans, no anti-MUC1 antibody recognises carbohydrates and the proximal MUC1 peptide region, concurrently. Here we present a general strategy that allows for the creation of antibodies interacting specifically with glycopeptidic neoepitopes by using homogeneous synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides designed for the streamlined process of immunization, antibody screening, three-dimensional structure analysis, epitope mapping and biochemical analysis. The X-ray crystal structure of the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody SN-101 complexed with the antigenic glycopeptide provides for the first time evidence that SN-101 recognises specifically the essential epitope by forming multiple hydrogen bonds both with the proximal peptide and GalNAc linked to the threonine residue, concurrently. Remarkably, the structure of the MUC1 glycopeptide in complex with SN-101 is identical to its solution NMR structure, an extended conformation induced by site-specific glycosylation. We demonstrate that this method accelerates dramatically the development of a new class of designated antibodies targeting a variety of "dynamic neoepitopes" elaborated by disease-specific O-glycosylation in the immunodominant mucin domains and mucin-like sequences found in intrinsically disordered regions of many proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Wakui
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Isamu Matsumoto
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yao Min
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Masaharu Sato
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Kentaro Naruchi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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54
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Sun KD, Zhang YJ, Zhu LP, Yang B, Wang SY, Yu ZH, Zhang HC, Chen X. Abnormal serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels in a patient with splenic retiform haemangioendothelioma concomitant with hepatic amyloidosis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:1108-1115. [PMID: 32258081 PMCID: PMC7103981 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i6.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a glycoprotein that is used as a reliable tool for monitoring pancreatic cancer. Serum CA 19-9 levels are increased in patients suffering from liver, lung, and other non-malignant diseases. Haemangioendothelioma is a vascular neoplasm with a borderline biological behaviour. However, no case of haemangioendothelioma has yet been reported to be associated with CA 19-9.
CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital for discontinuous fatigue and unintentional weight loss for over one year. Laboratory investigations revealed an elevated serum CA 19-9 concentration of 39 IU/mL (reference interval, 0–37 IU/mL) over one year before admission. Afterwards, coagulopathy appeared, and the patient’s serum CA 19-9 concentration increased continuously. At the time of admission, abdominal pain and haemorrhagic shock burst occurred, and emergency medical operation was performed. Laboratory investigations conducted upon admission showed a serum CA19-9 concentration of 392.56 IU/mL. Surgical resection of the spleen was undertaken, and pathological examination showed retiform haemangioendothelioma. The patient developed jaundice ten days after surgical excision of the spleen. Pathological examination of needle biopsy samples of the liver yielded a diagnosis of hepatic amyloidosis.
CONCLUSION We describe a rare case of splenic retiform haemangioenthelioma concomitant with hepatic amyloidosis. Physicians should note abnormal serum CA 19-9 levels with early symptoms of fatigue and unintentional weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Di Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lan-Ping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Sai-Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hai-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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55
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Partial silencing of fucosyltransferase 8 gene expression inhibits proliferation of Ishikawa cells, a cell line of endometrial cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 22:100740. [PMID: 32099910 PMCID: PMC7026730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy and is associated with increased morbidity each year, including young people. However, its mechanisms of proliferation and progression are not fully elucidated. It is well known that abnormal glycosylation is involved in oncogenesis, and fucosylation is one of the most important types of glycosylation. In particular, fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) is the only FUT responsible for α1, 6-linked fucosylation (core fucosylation), and it is involved in various physiological as well as pathophysiological processes, including cancer biology. Therefore, we aimed to identify the expression of FUT8 in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma and investigate the effect of the partial silencing of the FUT8 gene on the cell proliferation of Ishikawa cells, an epithelial-like endometrial cancer cell line. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that FUT8 gene expression was significantly elevated in the endometrial endometrioid carcinoma, compared to the normal endometrium. The immunostaining of FUT8 and Ulex europaeus Agglutinin 1 (UEA-1), a kind of lectin family specifically binding to fucose, was detected endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. The proliferation assay showed FUT8 partial knockdown by transfection of siRNA significantly suppressed the proliferation of Ishikawa cells, concomitant with the upregulation in the gene expressions associated with the interesting pathways associated with de-ubiquitination, aspirin trigger, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) et al. It was suggested that the core fucosylation brought about by FUT8 might be involved in the proliferation of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma cells. Fucosyltransferase 8 gene expression is elevated in the tissues affected by endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. Fucosyltransferase 8 protein is specifically detected in the glands affected by endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. Silencing of fucosyltransferase 8 suppressed the proliferation of Ishikawa cells, an endometrial cancer cell line. These results suggest that fucosyltransferase 8 might be involved in the proliferation of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma.
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56
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Rashidijahanabad Z, Huang X. Recent advances in tumor associated carbohydrate antigen based chimeric antigen receptor T cells and bispecific antibodies for anti-cancer immunotherapy. Semin Immunol 2020; 47:101390. [PMID: 31982247 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are a class of attractive antigens for the development of anti-cancer immunotherapy. Besides monoclonal antibodies and vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) targeting TACA are exciting directions to harness the power of the immune system to fight cancer. In this review, we focus on two TACAs, i.e., the GD2 ganglioside and the mucin-1 (MUC1) protein. The latest advances in CAR T cells and bispecific antibodies targeting these two antigens are presented. The roles of co-stimulatory molecules, structures of the sequences for antigen binding, methods for CAR and antibody construction, as well as strategies to enhance solid tumor penetration and reduce T cell exhaustion and death are discussed. Furthermore, approaches to reduce "on target, off tumor" side effects are introduced. With further development, CAR T cells and BsAbs targeting GD2 and MUC1 can become powerful agents to effectively treat solid tumor.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bispecific/genetics
- Antibodies, Bispecific/immunology
- Antibodies, Bispecific/metabolism
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/immunology
- Epitopes/genetics
- Epitopes/immunology
- Gangliosides/antagonists & inhibitors
- Gangliosides/chemistry
- Gangliosides/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Mucin-1/immunology
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/chemistry
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rashidijahanabad
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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57
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Mettu R, Chen CY, Wu CY. Synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines: challenges and opportunities. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:9. [PMID: 31900143 PMCID: PMC6941340 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoconjugate vaccines based on bacterial capsular polysaccharides (CPS) have been extremely successful in preventing bacterial infections. The glycan antigens for the preparation of CPS based glycoconjugate vaccines are mainly obtained from bacterial fermentation, the quality and length of glycans are always inconsistent. Such kind of situation make the CMC of glycoconjugate vaccines are difficult to well control. Thanks to the advantage of synthetic methods for carbohydrates syntheses. The well controlled glycan antigens are more easily to obtain, and them are conjugated to carrier protein to from the so-call homogeneous fully synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. Several fully glycoconjugate vaccines are in different phases of clinical trial for bacteria or cancers. The review will introduce the recent development of fully synthetic glycoconjugate vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Mettu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Yun Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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58
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Angata T. Siglec-15: a potential regulator of osteoporosis, cancer, and infectious diseases. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:10. [PMID: 31900164 PMCID: PMC6941304 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglec-15 is a member of the Siglec family of glycan-recognition proteins, primarily expressed on a subset of myeloid cells. Siglec-15 has been known to be involved in osteoclast differentiation, and is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis. Recent studies revealed unexpected roles of Siglec-15 in microbial infection and the cancer microenvironment, expanding the potential pathophysiological roles of Siglec-15. Chemical biology has advanced our understanding of the nature of Siglec-15 ligands, but the exact nature of Siglec-15 ligand depends on the biological context, leaving plenty of room for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang District, Taipei, Taiwan.
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59
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Glycan structures and their recognition roles in the human blood group ABH/Ii, Le a, b, x, y and Sialyl Le a,x active cyst glycoproteins. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:495-507. [PMID: 31773366 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Human ovarian cyst glycoproteins (HOC, cyst gps) isolated from pseudomucinous type of human ovarian cyst fluids is one of the richest and pioneer sources for studying biosynthesis, structures and functional roles of blood group ABH, Lea,b,x,y, sLea and sLex active glycoproteins. After 70+ years of exploration, four top highlights are shared. (i) an updated concept of glycotopes and their internal structures in cyst gps was composited; (ii) the unknown codes of new genes in secreted cyst gps were unlocked as Lex and Ley; (iii) recognition profiles of cyst glycans and a sialic acid-rich (18%) glycan with lectins and antibodies were shown. (iv) Co-expression of Blood Group A/ A-Leb/y and B/B-Leb/y active Glycotopes in the same glycan chains were isolated and illustrated. These are the most advanced achievements since 1980.
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60
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Huang HH, Fang JL, Wang HK, Sun CY, Tsai TW, Huang YT, Kuo CY, Wang YJ, Liao CC, Yu CC. Substrate Characterization of Bacteroides fragilis α1,3/4-Fucosyltransferase Enabling Access to Programmable One-Pot Enzymatic Synthesis of KH-1 Antigen. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lin Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Wei Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jyun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
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61
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Zhang C, Xiong X, Li Y, Huang K, Liu L, Peng X, Weng W. Cytokine-induced killer cells/natural killer cells combined with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody increase cell death rate in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6525-6535. [PMID: 31807172 PMCID: PMC6876305 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial, solid, pediatric malignancies. Despite improvements in conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the prognosis of stage IV NB remains poor, indicating that novel treatment strategies are required. Immunotherapies, such as anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies, used alone or in combination with cytokines, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs), have been indicated to cause NB cell death and to prolong patient survival in high-risk NB; however, they remain limited by severe cytotoxicity and side effects. In the present study, it was determined that anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody alone or CBMNC-isolated cytokine-induced killer (CIK)/natural killer (NK) cells alone significantly induced cell death of NB SK-N-SH cells, and the combination of anti-GD2 antibody and CIK/NK cells could significantly increase the cell death rate compared with either treatment alone. In addition, based on a method referred to our previous study, it was identified that a two-cytokine culture system, using interleukin IL-2 and IL-7, effectively stimulated the proliferation of CIK/NK cells. These results serve to suggest a novel treatment strategy for relapsed/refractory NB with high efficiency and few side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ke Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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62
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Gerber HP, Sibener LV, Lee LJ, Gee M. Intracellular targets as source for cleaner targets for the treatment of solid tumors. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 168:275-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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63
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Tong W, Maira M, Roychoudhury R, Galan A, Brahimi F, Gilbert M, Cunningham AM, Josephy S, Pirvulescu I, Moffett S, Saragovi HU. Vaccination with Tumor-Ganglioside Glycomimetics Activates a Selective Immunity that Affords Cancer Therapy. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1013-1026.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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64
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Kotlan B, Horvath S, Eles K, Plotar VK, Naszados G, Czirbesz K, Blank M, Farkas E, Toth L, Tovari J, Szekacs A, Shoenfeld Y, Godeny M, Kasler M, Liszkay G. Tumor-Associated Disialylated Glycosphingolipid Antigen-Revealing Antibodies Found in Melanoma Patients' Immunoglobulin Repertoire Suggest a Two-Direction Regulation Mechanism Between Immune B Cells and the Tumor. Front Immunol 2019; 10:650. [PMID: 31024530 PMCID: PMC6459966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is far less information available about the tumor infiltrating B (TIL-B) cells, than about the tumor infiltrating T cells. We focused on discovering the features and potential role of B lymphocytes in solid tumors. Our project aimed to develop innovative strategies to define cancer membrane structures. We chose two solid tumor types, with variable to considerable B cell infiltration. The strategy we set up with invasive breast carcinoma, showing medullary features, has been introduced and standardized in metastatic melanoma. After detecting B lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry, VH-JH, Vκ-Jκ immunoglobulin rearranged V region genes were amplified by RT-PCR, from TIL-B cDNA. Immunoglobulin variable-region genes of interest were cloned, sequenced, and subjected to a comparative DNA analysis. Single-chain variable (scFv) antibody construction was performed in selected cases to generate a scFv library and to test tumor binding capacity. DNA sequence analysis revealed an overrepresented VH3-1 cluster, represented both in the breast cancer and the melanoma TIL-B immunoglobulin repertoire. We observed that our previously defined anti GD3 ganglioside-binder antibody-variable region genes were present in melanoma as well. Our antibody fragments showed binding potential to disialylated glycosphingolipids (GD3 ganglioside) and their O acetylated forms on melanoma cancer cells. We conclude that our results have a considerable tumor immunological impact, as they reveal the power of TIL-B cells to recognize strong tumor-associated glycosphingolipid structures on melanomas and other solid tumors. As tumor-derived gangliosides affect immune cell functions and reduce the B lymphocytes' antibody production, we suspect an important B lymphocyte and cancer cell crosstalk mechanism. We not only described the isolation and specificity testing of the tumor infiltrating B cells, but also showed the TIL-B cells' highly tumor-associated GD3 ganglioside-revealing potential in melanomas. The present data help to identify new cancer-associated biomarkers that may serve for novel cancer diagnostics. The two-direction regulation mechanism between immune B cells and the tumor could eventually be developed into an innovative cancer treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Kotlan
- Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Horvath
- Center of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klara Eles
- Center of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanda K Plotar
- Center of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Naszados
- Center of Image Analysis and Radiological Diagnostics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Czirbesz
- Department of Oncodermatology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miri Blank
- Zabludowitz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Emil Farkas
- Center of Oncosurgery, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Toth
- Center of Oncosurgery, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jozsef Tovari
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Szekacs
- Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowitz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maria Godeny
- Center of Image Analysis and Radiological Diagnostics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklos Kasler
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,Ministry of Human Capacities, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Liszkay
- Department of Oncodermatology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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65
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Mandato VD, Torricelli F, Mastrofilippo V, Ciarlini G, Pirillo D, Annunziata G, Casali B, Abrate M, Sala GBL, Aguzzoli L. AB0 Blood Group and Ovarian Cancer Survival. J Cancer 2019; 10:1949-1957. [PMID: 31205554 PMCID: PMC6548162 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy because is usually diagnosed at advanced stage. New prognostic factors have been investigated but these biomarkers do not have a strong direct relationship with survival. Several studies investigated the association between AB0 blood group with ovarian cancer but with conflicting results. We investigated the association between AB0 blood group and epithelial ovarian cancer patients consecutively surgically treated at our department from 2004 to 2015. Methods: Clinical charts of ovarian cancer patients treated and followed from 2004 to 2015 were checked for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and pathological data were recorded in an electronic separate, anonymous, password-protected database. All relevant data were extrapolated and used for final analysis. Results: A population of 265 ovarian cancer patients was analyzed in this study. 121 (45.6%) patients presented blood type 0, 112 (42.3%) had blood type A, 23 (8.7%) B and 9 (3.4%) AB. A significantly lower percentage of death (8.7%) in patients with blood type B in comparison with patients presenting different genotypes (group 0: 34.7%, group A: 32.1%, group AB: 22.2%) was found. In invasive serous ovarian cancer patients the analysis showed a 5 fold significant reduction of the risk of death in patients with B genotype. However, postoperative residual tumor resulted the most important prognostic factor for overall survival. Conclusions: AB0 blood group might be a preoperative prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. According to the literature, postoperative residual disease remain the most important prognostic factor also in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Dario Mandato
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Mastrofilippo
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gino Ciarlini
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Debora Pirillo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Annunziata
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Bruno Casali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Martino Abrate
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Aguzzoli
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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66
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Chenab KK, Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Maleki A, Pashazadeh-Panahi P, Hamblin MR, Mokhtarzadeh A. Biomedical applications of nanoflares: Targeted intracellular fluorescence probes. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2019; 17:342-358. [PMID: 30826476 PMCID: PMC6520197 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoflares are intracellular probes consisting of oligonucleotides immobilized on various nanoparticles that can recognize intracellular nucleic acids or other analytes, thus releasing a fluorescent reporter dye. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) complementary to mRNA for a target gene is constructed containing a 3'-thiol for binding to gold nanoparticles. The ssDNA "recognition sequence" is prehybridized to a shorter DNA complement containing a fluorescent dye that is quenched. The functionalized gold nanoparticles are easily taken up into cells. When the ssDNA recognizes its complementary target, the fluorescent dye is released inside the cells. Different intracellular targets can be detected by nanoflares, such as mRNAs coding for genes over-expressed in cancer (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oncogenes, thymidine kinase, telomerase, etc.), intracellular levels of ATP, pH values and inorganic ions can also be measured. Advantages include high transfection efficiency, enzymatic stability, good optical properties, biocompatibility, high selectivity and specificity. Multiplexed assays and FRET-based systems have been designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khanmohammadi Chenab
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Pashazadeh-Panahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran.
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67
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Kopec M, Imiela A, Abramczyk H. Monitoring glycosylation metabolism in brain and breast cancer by Raman imaging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:166. [PMID: 30655566 PMCID: PMC6336853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that Raman microspectroscopy is a powerful method for visualization of glycocalyx offering cellular interrogation without staining, unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, and biochemical information. We showed for the first time that Raman imaging can be used to distinguish successfully between glycosylated and nonglycosylated proteins in normal and cancer tissue. Thousands of protein, lipid and glycan species exist in cells and tissues and their metabolism is monitored via numerous pathways, networks and methods. The metabolism can change in response to cellular environment alterations, such as development of a disease. Measuring such alterations and understanding the pathways involved are crucial to fully understand cellular metabolism in cancer development. In this paper Raman markers of glycogen, glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate proteoglycan were identified based on their vibrational signatures. High spatial resolution of Raman imaging combined with chemometrics allows separation of individual species from many chemical components present in each cell. We have found that metabolism of proteins, lipids and glycans is markedly deregulated in breast (adenocarcinoma) and brain (medulloblastoma) tumors. We have identified two glycoforms in the normal breast tissue and the malignant brain tissue in contrast to the breast cancer tissue where only one glycoform has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kopec
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590, Lodz, Poland
| | - A Imiela
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590, Lodz, Poland
| | - H Abramczyk
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590, Lodz, Poland.
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68
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Li X, Xu H, Gao P. ABO Blood Group and Diabetes Mellitus Influence the Risk for Pancreatic Cancer in a Population from China. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:9392-9398. [PMID: 30582832 PMCID: PMC6320638 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism by which diabetes mellitus (DM) impacts the association between ABO blood types and pancreatic cancer is unclear. Material/Methods A retrospective case-control study of 264 patients with pancreatic cancer and 423 age- and sex-matched individuals with nonmalignant diseases was performed to assess whether ABO blood group and DM jointly contribute to pancreatic cancer risk. Results A multivariate analysis with adjustments for risk factors revealed that blood type, chronic pancreatitis, and DM were significantly associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk. The estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were 2.130 (1.409–3.220) for blood type A, 2.383 (1.313–4.325) for blood type AB, 1.518 (1.012–2.276) for DM, and 10.930 (1.202–99.405) for chronic pancreatitis. Blood type A significantly modified the risk for pancreatic cancer in individuals with DM (AOR, 3.506; 95% CI, 1.659–7.409). Conclusions The risk for pancreatic cancer was associated with ABO blood type, DM, and chronic pancreatitis in a Chinese population. The risk was greatest for individuals with blood type A and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Hongqin Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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69
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Steentoft C, Migliorini D, King TR, Mandel U, June CH, Posey AD. Glycan-directed CAR-T cells. Glycobiology 2018; 28:656-669. [PMID: 29370379 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly advancing in the treatment of a variety of hematopoietic cancers, including pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. CARs are genetically encoded artificial T cell receptors that combine the antigen specificity of an antibody with the machinery of T cell activation. However, implementation of CAR technology in the treatment of solid tumors has been progressing much slower. Solid tumors are characterized by a number of challenges that need to be overcome, including cellular heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and, in particular, few known cancer-specific targets. Post-translational modifications that differentially occur in malignant cells generate valid cell surface, cancer-specific targets for CAR-T cells. We previously demonstrated that CAR-T cells targeting an aberrant O-glycosylation of MUC1, a common cancer marker associated with changes in cell adhesion, tumor growth and poor prognosis, could control malignant growth in mouse models. Here, we discuss the field of glycan-directed CAR-T cells and review the different classes of antibodies specific for glycan-targeting, including the generation of high affinity O-glycopeptide antibodies. Finally, we discuss historic and recently investigated glycan targets for CAR-T cells and provide our perspective on how targeting the tumor glycoproteome and/or glycome will improve CAR-T immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany R King
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carl H June
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avery D Posey
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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70
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi‐Huey Wong
- The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037
- The Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Larissa Krasnova
- The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037
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71
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Zhang X, Huang G, Huang H. The glyconanoparticle as carrier for drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1840-1845. [PMID: 30799659 PMCID: PMC7011877 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1519001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The glyconanoparticle (GlycoNP) has multiple effects and has important applications in drug delivery and bioimaging. It not only has the advantages of nano drug delivery system but also utilizes the characteristics of multivalent interaction of sugar, which greatly improves the targeting of drug delivery. Herein, the application of GlycoNP in drug delivery was analyzed and discussed, the solution to its problem was proposed, and its prospects were forecasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hualiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
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72
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Barton S, Li B, Siuta M, Vaibhav J, Song J, Holt CM, Tomono T, Ukawa M, Kumagai H, Tobita E, Wilson K, Sakuma S, Pham W. SPECIFIC MOLECULAR RECOGNITION AS A STRATEGY TO DELINEATE TUMOR MARGIN USING TOPICALLY APPLIED FLUORESCENCE EMBEDDED NANOPARTICLES. PRECISION NANOMEDICINE 2018; 1:194-207. [PMID: 31773101 DOI: 10.33218/prnano1(3).181009.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen is a tumor-associated antigen consistently expressed on the apical surface of epithelial-based cancer cells, including pancreatic cancer. In this work, we report the development of multimodal imaging probe, the tripolymer fluorescent nanospheres, whose surface was fabricated with peanut agglutinin (PNA) moieties as TF molecular recognition molecules. Here, we demonstrate that the probe is able to detect TF antigen in human pancreatic cancer tissues and differentiate from normal tissue. What is most noteworthy regarding the probe is its ability to visualize tumor margins defined by epithelial TF antigen expression. Further, in vivo preclinical studies using an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer suggest the potential use of the nanospheres for laparoscopic imaging of pancreatic cancer tumor margins to enhance surgical resection and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Barton
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Bo Li
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael Siuta
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Janve Vaibhav
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Jessica Song
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Clinton M Holt
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Takumi Tomono
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Ukawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Etsuo Tobita
- Advanced Materials R&D Laboratory, ADEKA Corp., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kevin Wilson
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN
| | - Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wellington Pham
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt School of Medicine Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, Vanderbilt University, TN.,Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN
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73
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Abstract
Gangliosides comprise a varied family of glycosphingolipid structures bearing one or more sialic acid residues. They are found in all mammalian tissues but are most abundant in the brain, where they represent the quantitatively major class of sialoglycans. As prominent molecular determinants on cell surfaces, they function as molecular-recognition partners for diverse glycan-binding proteins ranging from bacterial toxins to endogenous cell-cell adhesion molecules. Gangliosides also regulate the activity of plasma membrane proteins, including protein tyrosine kinases, by lateral association in the same membranes in which they reside. Their roles in molecular recognition and membrane protein regulation implicate gangliosides in human physiology and pathology, including infectious diseases, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The varied structures and biosynthetic pathways of gangliosides are presented here, along with representative examples of their biological functions in health and disease.
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74
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Silva MLS. Lectin-based biosensors as analytical tools for clinical oncology. Cancer Lett 2018; 436:63-74. [PMID: 30125611 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review focus on the use of lectin-based biosensors in the oncology field, and ponders the potentialities of using these devices as analytical tools to monitor the levels of cancer glycobiomarkers in biological fluids, helping in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment assessment. Several examples of lectin-based biosensors directed for cancer biomarkers are described and discussed, and their potential application in the clinic is considered, taking into account their analytical features, advantages and performance in sample analysis. Technical and practical aspects in the construction process, which are specific for lectin biosensors, are debated, as well as the requirements in sample collection and processing, and biosensor validation. Today's challenges for real implementation of these devices in the clinic are presented, along with the future trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luísa S Silva
- Centre of Chemical Research, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, 42076, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico; LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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75
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Coelho R, Marcos-Silva L, Mendes N, Pereira D, Brito C, Jacob F, Steentoft C, Mandel U, Clausen H, David L, Ricardo S. Mucins and Truncated O-Glycans Unveil Phenotypic Discrepancies between Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines and Primary Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072045. [PMID: 30011875 PMCID: PMC6073732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal research results rely on the selection of cellular models capable of recapitulating the characteristics of primary tumours from which they originate. The expression of mucins (MUC16 and MUC1) and truncated O-glycans (Tn, STn and T) represents a characteristic footprint of serous ovarian carcinomas (SOCs). Therefore, selecting ovarian cancer (OVCA) cell lines that reflect this phenotype is crucial to explore the putative biological role of these biomarkers in the SOC setting. Here, we investigated a panel of OVCA cell lines commonly used as SOC models, and tested whether, when cultured in 2D and 3D conditions, these recapitulate the mucin and O-glycan expression profiles of SOCs. We further explored the role of truncating the O-glycosylation capacity in OVCAR3 cells through knockout of the COSMC chaperone, using in vitro and in vivo assays. We found that the majority of OVCA cell lines of serous origin do not share the mucin and truncated O-glycan footprint of SOCs, although 3D cultures showed a higher resemblance. We also found that genetic truncation of the O-glycosylation capacity of OVCAR3 cells did not enhance oncogenic features either in vitro or in vivo. This study underscores the importance of well-characterized cellular models to study specific features of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Coelho
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lara Marcos-Silva
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB) António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Mendes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Brito
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB) António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Francis Jacob
- Glyco-Oncology, Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Leonor David
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara Ricardo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
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Stakišaitis D, Juknevičienė M, Ulys A, Žaliūnienė D, Stanislovaitienė D, Šepetienė R, Slavinska A, Sužiedėlis K, Lesauskaitė V. ABO blood group polymorphism has an impact on prostate, kidney and bladder cancer in association with longevity. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1321-1331. [PMID: 30061952 PMCID: PMC6063046 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the ABO blood group polymorphism association with prostate, bladder and kidney cancer, and longevity. The following data groups were analyzed: Prostate cancer (n=2,200), bladder cancer (n=1,530), renal cell cancer (n=2,650), oldest-old (n=166) and blood donors (n=994) groups. The data on the ABO blood type frequency and odds ratio in prostate cancer patients revealed a significantly higher blood group B frequency (P<0.05); the pooled men and women, separate men bladder cancer risk was significantly associated with the blood group B (P<0.04); however, no such association was identified in the female patients. The blood group O was observed to have a significantly decreased risk of bladder cancer for females (P<0.05). No significance for the ABO blood group type in the studied kidney cancer patients was identified. A comparison of the oldest-old and blood donor groups revealed that blood group A was significantly more frequent and blood type B was significantly rarer in the oldest-olds (P<0.05). The results of the present study indicated that blood type B was associated with the risk of prostate and bladder cancer, and could be evaluated as a determinant in the negative assocation with longevity. Blood types O and A may be positive factors for increasing the oldest-old age likelihood. The clustering analysis by the ABO type frequency demonstrated that the oldest-olds comprised a separate cluster of the studied groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatas Stakišaitis
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Juknevičienė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Albertas Ulys
- Oncosurgery Clinics, National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Žaliūnienė
- Department of Ophtalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Stanislovaitienė
- Department of Ophtalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramunė Šepetienė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Kęstutis Sužiedėlis
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vita Lesauskaitė
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Pazynina GV, Tsygankova SV, Ryzhov IM, Paramonov AS, Nicolai, Bovin V. Synthesis of H (type 4) trisaccharide, key structural fragment of globo-H and fucosyl-GM1 cancer-associated antigens. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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78
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Immuno-therapeutic potential of Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis antigens in a murine model of colon cancer. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:47-56. [PMID: 29808307 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates a negative correlation between the prevalence of some parasitic infections and cancer and their interference with tumor growth. Therefore, parasitic antigens seem to be promising candidates for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of autoclaved Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis antigens against a colon cancer murine model was investigated. Both antigens showed immunomodulatory potential, as evidenced by a significant decrease in serum IL-17, a significant increase in serum IL-10, and the percentage of splenic CD4+T-cells and intestinal FoxP3+ Treg cells. However, treatment with S. mansoni antigen yielded protection against the deleterious effect of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis only, with a significant decrease in the average lesion size and number of neoplasias per mouse. For the first time, we report an inhibitory effect of S. mansoni antigen on the progression of chemically induced colon carcinogenesis, but the exact mechanism has yet to be clarified. This anti-tumor strategy could introduce a new era of medicine in which a generation of anticancer vaccines of parasitic origin would boost the therapy for incurable cancers.
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79
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Zhuo D, Li X, Guan F. Biological Roles of Aberrantly Expressed Glycosphingolipids and Related Enzymes in Human Cancer Development and Progression. Front Physiol 2018; 9:466. [PMID: 29773994 PMCID: PMC5943571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), which consist of a hydrophobic ceramide backbone and a hydrophilic carbohydrate residue, are an important type of glycolipid expressed in surface membranes of all animal cells. GSLs play essential roles in maintenance of plasma membrane stability, in regulation of numerous cellular processes (including adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, and recognition), and in modulation of signal transduction pathways. GSLs have traditionally been classified as ganglio-series, lacto-series, or globo-series on the basis of their diverse types of oligosaccharide chains. Structures and functions of specific GSLs are also determined by their oligosaccharide chains. Different cells and tissues show differential expression of GSLs, and changes in structures of GSL glycan moieties occur during development of numerous types of human cancer. Association of GSLs and/or related enzymes with initiation and progression of cancer has been documented in 100s of studies, and many such GSLs are useful markers or targets for cancer diagnosis or therapy. In this review, we summarize (i) recent studies on aberrant expression and distribution of GSLs in common human cancers (breast, lung, colorectal, melanoma, prostate, ovarian, leukemia, renal, bladder, gastric); (ii) biological functions of specific GSLs in these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinghao Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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80
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A cancer vaccine-mediated postoperative immunotherapy for recurrent and metastatic tumors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1532. [PMID: 29670088 PMCID: PMC5906566 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines to induce effective and sustained antitumor immunity have great potential for postoperative cancer therapy. However, a robust cancer vaccine simultaneously eliciting tumor-specific immunity and abolishing immune resistance continues to be a challenge. Here we present a personalized cancer vaccine (PVAX) for postsurgical immunotherapy. PVAX is developed by encapsulating JQ1 (a BRD4 inhibitor) and indocyanine green (ICG) co-loaded tumor cells with a hydrogel matrix. Activation of PVAX by 808 nm NIR laser irradiation significantly inhibits the tumor relapse by promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and eliciting tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A mechanical study reveals that NIR light-triggered antigen release and JQ1-mediated PD-L1 checkpoint blockade cumulatively contribute to the satisfied therapeutic effect. Furthermore, PVAX prepared from the autologous tumor cells induces patient-specific memory immune response to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. The PVAX model might provide novel insights for postoperative immunotherapy. Cancer vaccines represent a promising personalized therapeutic approach to treating cancer. Here, the authors report the efficacy in a metastatic model of a cancer vaccine-mediated postoperative immunotherapy, based on the coencapsulation of the JQ1 and a photosensitizer ICG together with inactivated tumor cells into a hydrogel matrix.
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Abstract
Glycan decorates all mammalian cell surfaces through glycosylation, which is one of the most important post-modifications of proteins. Glycans mediate a wide variety of biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation, cell-cell communication, immune response, pathogen interaction, and intracellular signaling events. Besides, tumor cells aberrantly express distinct sets of glycans, which can indicate different tumor onsets and progression processes. Thus, analysis of cellular glycans may contribute to understanding of glycan-related biological processes and correlation of glycan patterns with disease states for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Although proteomics and glycomics have included great efforts for in vitro study of glycan structures and functions using lysis samples of cells or tissues, they cannot offer real-time qualitative or quantitative information, especially spatial distribution, of glycans on/in intact cells, which is important to the revelation of glycan-related biological events. Moreover, the complex lysis and separation procedures may bring unpredictable loss of glycan information. Focusing on the great urgency for in situ analysis of cellular glycans, our group developed a series of methods for in situ analysis of cellular glycans in the past 10 years. By construction of electrochemical glycan-recognizable probes, glycans on the cell surface can be quantified by direct or competitive electrochemical detection. Using multichannel electrodes or encoded lectin probes, multiple glycans on the cell surface can be dynamically monitored simultaneously. Through design of functional nanoprobes, the cell surface protein-specific glycans and intracellular glycan-related enzymes can be visualized by fluorescence or Raman imaging. Besides, some biological enzymes-based methods have been developed for remodeling or imaging of protein-specific glycans and other types of glycoconjugates, such as gangliosides. Through tracing the changes of glycan expression induced by drugs or gene interference, some glycan-related biological processes have been deduced or proved, demonstrating the reliability and practicability of the developed methods. This Account surveys the key technologies developed in this area, along with the discussion on the shortages of current methodology as well as the possible strategies to overcome those shortages. The future trend in this topic is also discussed. It is expected that this Account can provide a versatile arsenal for chemical and biological researchers to unravel the complex mechanisms involved in glycan-related biological processes and light new beacons in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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82
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Akasov R, Haq S, Haxho F, Samuel V, Burov SV, Markvicheva E, Neufeld RJ, Szewczuk MR. Sialylation transmogrifies human breast and pancreatic cancer cells into 3D multicellular tumor spheroids using cyclic RGD-peptide induced self-assembly. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66119-66134. [PMID: 27608845 PMCID: PMC5323220 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) have been at the forefront of cancer research, designed to mimic tumor-like developmental patterns in vitro. Tumor growth in vivo is highly influenced by aberrant cell surface-specific sialoglycan structures on glycoproteins. Aberrant sialoglycan patterns that facilitate MTS formation are not well defined. Matrix-free spheroids from breast MCF-7 and pancreatic PANC1 cancer cell lines and their respective tamoxifen (TMX) and gemcitabine (Gem) resistant variants were generated using the RGD platform of cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys peptide modified with 4-carboxybutyl-triphenylphosphonium bromide (cyclo-RGDfK (TPP)). MCF-7 and MCF-7 TMX cells formed tight spheroids both in the classical agarose-and RGD-based platforms while all PANC1 cells formed loose aggregates. Using lectin histochemistry staining, sialidase assay, neuraminidase (Vibrio cholerae) and oseltamivir phosphate (OP) neuraminidase inhibitor treatments, MCF-7 and PANC1 cells and their drug-resistant variants expressed different sialic acid (SA) content on their cell surfaces. α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialic acid surface residues facilitated spheroid formation under cyclo-RGDfK(TPP)-induced self-assembly. Pretreatment with α-2,3- SA specific Maackia amurensis (MAL-II) lectin, α-2,6-SA specific Sambucus nigra (SNA) lectin, and exogenous α-2,6-SA specific neuraminidase (Vibrio cholerae) dose-dependently reduced spheroid volume. OP enhanced cell aggregation and compaction forming spheroids. PANC1 and MDA-MB231 xenograft tumors from untreated and OP-treated RAGxCγ double mutant mice expressed significantly higher levels of α-2,3- SA over α-2,6-SA. MCF-7 spheroids also expressed a high α-2,3-SA to α-2,6-SA ratio. These results suggest that the relative levels of specific sialoglycan structures on the cell surface correlate with the ability of cancer cells to form avascular multicellular tumor spheroids and in vivo xenograft tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Akasov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sabah Haq
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Fiona Haxho
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Vanessa Samuel
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Sergey V Burov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petersburg, 119004 Russia
| | - Elena Markvicheva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ronald J Neufeld
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
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Yu J, Wu X, Yan J, Yu H, Xu L, Chi Z, Sheng X, Si L, Cui C, Dai J, Ma M, Xu T, Kong Y, Guo J. Anti-GD2/4-1BB chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for the treatment of Chinese melanoma patients. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:1. [PMID: 29298689 PMCID: PMC5751546 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells have demonstrated promising clinical efficacy in patients with B cell lymphoma. However, the application of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of other solid tumors has been limited. We incorporated 4-1BB into the anti-GD2 CAR-T cells to test their cytotoxicity in melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we reported the expression of ganglioside GD2 in non-Caucasian melanoma populations for the first time, thus providing a basis for future clinical research. Methods This study included tumor samples from 288 melanoma patients at the Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute. Clinical data were collected. Immunohistochemical assays using antibodies against ganglioside GD2 were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens. The ability of ganglioside GD2 CAR-T cells to kill ganglioside GD2+ melanoma cells was evaluated in vitro and in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Results Among the 288 samples, 49.3% of cases (142/288) demonstrated positive staining with ganglioside GD2. The median survival time in patients exhibiting ganglioside GD2 expression was significantly shorter than that in patients without ganglioside GD2 expression (31 vs. 47.1 months, P < 0.001). In the present study, CAR was constructed using a GD2-specific scFv (14.G2a), T cell receptor CD3ζ chain, and the CD137 (4-1BB) costimulatory motif. In addition, the GD2.BBζ CAR-T cells demonstrated specific lysis of ganglioside GD2-expressing melanoma cells in vitro. In two PDX models, mice that received intravenous or local intratumor injections of GD2.BBζ CAR-T cells experienced rapid tumor regression. Conclusions These data demonstrate that the rate of GD2 expression in Chinese patients is 49.3%. GD2.BBζ CAR-T cells can both efficiently lyse melanoma in a GD2-specific manner and release Th1 cytokines in an antigen-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Anti-GD2/4-1BB CAR-T cells represent a clinically appealing treatment strategy for Chinese melanoma patients exhibiting GD2 expression and provide a basis for future studies of the clinical application of immunotherapy for melanoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-017-0548-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yu
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Junya Yan
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Longwen Xu
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhihong Chi
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xinan Sheng
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lu Si
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chuanliang Cui
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Meng Ma
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Tianxiao Xu
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing, 100142, China.
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Combine Phage Antibody Display Library Selection on Patient Tissue Specimens with Laser Capture Microdissection to Identify Novel Human Antibodies Targeting Clinically Relevant Tumor Antigens. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1701:331-347. [PMID: 29116514 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7447-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A functional approach to generate tumor-targeting human monoclonal antibodies is through selection of phage antibody display libraries directly on tumor cells. Although technically convenient, the use of cancer cell lines for the selection has limitations as those cell lines often undergo genetic and epigenetic changes during prolonged in vitro culture and alter their cell surface antigen expression profile. The key is to develop a technology that allows selection of phage antibody display libraries on tumor cells in situ residing in their natural tissue microenvironment. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) permits the precise procurement of tumor cells from human cancer patient tissue sections. Here, we describe a LCM-based method for selecting phage antibodies against tumor cells in situ using both fresh frozen and paraffin-embedded tissues. To restrict the selection to antibodies that bind internalizing epitopes, the method utilizes a polyclonal phage population pre-enriched for internalizing phage antibodies. The ability to recognize tumor cells in situ residing in their natural tissue microenvironment and to deliver payload intracellularly makes these LCM-selected antibodies attractive candidates for the development of targeted cancer therapeutics.
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85
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Miyamoto S, Stroble CD, Taylor S, Hong Q, Lebrilla CB, Leiserowitz GS, Kim K, Ruhaak LR. Multiple Reaction Monitoring for the Quantitation of Serum Protein Glycosylation Profiles: Application to Ovarian Cancer. J Proteome Res 2017; 17:222-233. [PMID: 29207246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation fingerprints are widely recognized as potential markers for disease states, and indeed differential glycosylation has been identified in multiple types of autoimmune diseases and several types of cancer. However, releasing the glycans leave the glycoproteins unknown; therefore, there exists a need for high-throughput methods that allow quantification of site- and protein-specific glycosylation patterns from complex biological mixtures. In this study, a targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based method for the protein- and site-specific quantitation involving serum proteins immunoglobulins A, G and M, alpha-1-antitrypsin, transferrin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and complement C3 was developed. The method is based on tryptic digestion of serum glycoproteins, followed by immediate reverse phase UPLC-QQQ-MS analysis of glycopeptides. To quantitate protein glycosylation independent of the protein serum concentration, a nonglycosylated peptide was also monitored. Using this strategy, 178 glycopeptides and 18 peptides from serum glycoproteins are analyzed with good repeatability (interday CVs of 3.65-21-92%) in a single 17 min run. To assess the potential of the method, protein glycosylation was analyzed in serum samples from ovarian cancer patients and controls. A training set consisting of 40 cases and 40 controls was analyzed, and differential analyses were performed to identify aberrant glycopeptide levels. All findings were validated in an independent test set (n = 44 cases and n = 44 controls). In addition to the differential glycosylation on the immunoglobulins, which was reported previously, aberrant glycosylation was also observed on each of the glycoproteins, which could be corroborated in the test set. This report shows the development of a method for targeted protein- and site-specific glycosylation analysis and the potential of such methods in biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Miyamoto
- UC Davis Cancer Center , Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Carol D Stroble
- UC Davis Cancer Center , Sacramento, California 95817, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sandra Taylor
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Qiuting Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gary S Leiserowitz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, UC Davis Medical Center , Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - L Renee Ruhaak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center , 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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86
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The Synthesis and Biological Characterization of Acetal-Free Mimics of the Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigens. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2017; 74:137-237. [PMID: 29173726 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carcinomas express unique carbohydrates, known as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), on their surface. These are potential targets for anticancer vaccines; however, to date, no such vaccine has reached the clinic. One factor that may complicate the success of this effort is the lability of the glycosidic bond. Acetal-free carbohydrates are analogues that lack the glycosidic linkage by replacing either the endo or exo oxygen with a methylene. This chapter summarizes the seminal syntheses of the mucin TACAs, provides an overview of common techniques for the synthesis of carbasugars and C-glycosides, reviews the syntheses published to date of acetal-free TACA analogues, and provides an overview of their observed biological activity. We conclude by offering a summation of the challenges remaining to the field biologically and the potential that acetal-free TACAs have of answering several basic questions in carbohydrate immunology.
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87
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Xiao S, Feng F, Sun L, Cai L, Liu Z, Liu S, Fan D, Zhang H. Blood type AB predicts promising prognosis in gastric cancer patients with positive preoperative serum CEA. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8496. [PMID: 29381925 PMCID: PMC5708924 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about association between ABO blood groups and tumor markers in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of ABO blood groups in GC patients with different levels of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).From September 2008 to April 2015, a total of 3234 GC patients who received radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics including ABO blood groups and preoperative CEA were recorded. The prognostic value of ABO blood groups within different levels of serum CEA was analyzed.Overall, the ratio of male to female patients was 3.5:1; the median age was 57.4 years (range 20-87). The median overall survival (OS) for GC patients with blood type A, B, AB, and O were 52.6, 52.8, 53.8, and 53.6 months, respectively. There was no significant difference for the survival of patients among the 4 groups (P = .736). Also, no significant difference was found among the OS of the 4 blood types with negative (P = .875) and positive (P = .131) preoperative serum CEA. Further, we found that the OS of patients with positive preoperative serum CEA and blood type AB was significantly higher than that with blood type non-AB (P = .026). For patients with positive preoperative serum CEA, multivariate analysis showed that ABO blood groups were an independent prognostic factor.Blood type AB was a favorable prognostic factor for GC patients with positive preoperative serum CEA.
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88
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Azevedo R, Peixoto A, Gaiteiro C, Fernandes E, Neves M, Lima L, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Over forty years of bladder cancer glycobiology: Where do glycans stand facing precision oncology? Oncotarget 2017; 8:91734-91764. [PMID: 29207682 PMCID: PMC5710962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The high molecular heterogeneity of bladder tumours is responsible for significant variations in disease course, as well as elevated recurrence and progression rates, thereby hampering the introduction of more effective targeted therapeutics. The implementation of precision oncology settings supported by robust molecular models for individualization of patient management is warranted. This effort requires a comprehensive integration of large sets of panomics data that is yet to be fully achieved. Contributing to this goal, over 40 years of bladder cancer glycobiology have disclosed a plethora of cancer-specific glycans and glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans) accompanying disease progressions and dissemination. This review comprehensively addresses the main structural findings in the field and consequent biological and clinical implications. Given the cell surface and secreted nature of these molecules, we further discuss their potential for non-invasive detection and therapeutic development. Moreover, we highlight novel mass-spectrometry-based high-throughput analytical and bioinformatics tools to interrogate the glycome in the postgenomic era. Ultimately, we outline a roadmap to guide future developments in glycomics envisaging clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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89
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Targeting tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens: a phase I study of a carbohydrate mimetic-peptide vaccine in stage IV breast cancer subjects. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99161-99178. [PMID: 29228761 PMCID: PMC5716801 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) support cell survival that could be interrupted by anti-TACA antibodies. Among TACAs that mediate cell survival signals are the neolactoseries antigen Lewis Y (LeY) and the ganglioside GD2. To induce sustained immunity against both LeY and GD2, we developed a carbohydrate mimicking peptide (CMP) as a surrogate pan-immunogen that mimics both. This CMP, referred to as P10s, is the N-terminal half of a peptide vaccine named P10s-PADRE, the C-terminal half of which (PADRE) is a Pan-T-cell epitope. A Phase I dose-escalation trial of P10s-PADRE plus adjuvant MONTANIDE™ ISA 51 VG was conducted in subjects with metastatic breast cancer to test 300 and 500 μg/injection in two cohorts of 3 subjects each. Doses of the P10s-PADRE vaccine were administered to research participants subcutaneously on weeks 1, 2, 3, 7 and 19. Antibody responses to P10s, GD2, and LeY were measured by ELISA. The P10s-PADRE vaccine induced antibodies specifically reactive with P10s, LeY and GD2 in all 6 subjects. Serum antibodies displayed Caspase-3-dependent apoptotic functionality against LeY or GD2 expressing breast cancer cell lines. Immunization with the P10s-PADRE vaccine was well-tolerated and induced functional antibodies, and the data suggest potential clinical benefit.
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90
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Vantaku V, Donepudi SR, Ambati CR, Jin F, Putluri V, Nguyen K, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Battula VL, Lotan Y, Putluri N. Expression of ganglioside GD2, reprogram the lipid metabolism and EMT phenotype in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:95620-95631. [PMID: 29221154 PMCID: PMC5707048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade Bladder Cancer (BLCA) represents the most aggressive and treatment-resistant cancer that renders the patients with poor survival. However, only a few biomarkers have been identified for the detection and treatment of BLCA. Recent studies show that ganglioside GD2 can be used as cancer biomarker and/or therapeutic target for various cancers. Despite its potential relevance in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics, the role of GD2 is unknown in BLCA. Here, we report for the first time that high-grade BLCA tissues and cell lines have higher expression of GD2 compared to low-grade by high-resolution Mass Spectrometry. The muscle invasive UMUC3 cell line showed high GD2, mesenchymal phenotype, and cell proliferation. Besides, we have shown the cancer stem cells (CSC) property (CD44hiCD24lo) of GD2+ UMUC3 and J82 cells. Also, the evaluation of lipid metabolism in GD2+ BLCA cell lines revealed higher levels of Phosphatidylinositol (PI), Phosphatidic acid (PA), Cardiolipin (CL) and lower levels of Phosphatidylserine (PS), plasmenyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (pPE), plasmenyl-phosphocholines (pPC), sphingomyelins (SM), triglycerides (TGs) and N-Acetylneuraminic acid. These findings are significantly correlated with the tissues of BLCA patients. Based on this evidence, we propose that GD2 may be used as an effective diagnostic and therapeutic target for aggressive BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatrao Vantaku
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sri Ramya Donepudi
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chandrashekar R Ambati
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Jin
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khoa Nguyen
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Venkata Lokesh Battula
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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91
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Synthesis and Evaluation of GM2-Monophosphoryl Lipid A Conjugate as a Fully Synthetic Self-Adjuvant Cancer Vaccine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11403. [PMID: 28900154 PMCID: PMC5595996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of a GM2 derivative suitable for the conjugation with various biomolecules. This GM2 derivative was covalently linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) to form novel therapeutic cancer vaccines. Immunological evaluations of the resultant conjugates in mice revealed that they elicited robust GM2-specific overall and IgG antibody responses. Moreover, the GM2-MPLA conjugate was disclosed to elicit strong immune responses without the use of an adjuvant, proving its self-adjuvant property. The antisera of both conjugates showed strong binding and mediated similarly effective complement-dependent cytotoxicity to GM2-expressing cancer cell line MCF-7. Based on these results, it was concluded that both GM2-MPLA and GM2-KLH are promising candidates as therapeutic cancer vaccines, whereas fully synthetic GM2-MPLA, which has homogeneous and well-defined structure and self-adjuvant property, deserves more attention and studies.
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92
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Teillaud JL, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: An Anti-tumor School for Adaptive Immune Cells and an Antibody Factory to Fight Cancer? Front Immunol 2017; 8:830. [PMID: 28785261 PMCID: PMC5519532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) present in human solid tumors are essential for the shaping of a favorable immune micro-environment to control tumor development in most cases. They represent a formidable school for T-cell priming, B cell activation, and differentiation into plasma cells and an exquisitely located factory for antibody production. The manipulation of TLS neogenesis and maintenance represents, therefore, an exciting task to set up efficient anti-cancer vaccine strategies leading to long-lasting anti-tumor adaptive responses. To achieve this goal, a number of important issues are still pending. How TLS-T and -B cells and antibodies locally produced are related to the improved survival of cancer patients with high density of TLS is still unclear. In addition, the mechanisms by which tumors escape the immune surveillance exerted by TLS are still poorly understood and the role of immune suppressive cytokines, regulatory T cells, and/or antibodies in this process remains to be explored. The identification of the key parameters that distinguish TLS with anti- or possible pro-tumor activity is also essential to make the therapeutic targeting of TLS a success. Finally, how TLS-based therapeutic approaches can be associated with targeted therapies or immunointerventions, such as the use of ICP blockers to improve anti-tumor responses, is an open question. We will discuss these different issues in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Teillaud
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France.,Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC), Paris 06, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France.,Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC), Paris 06, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
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93
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Lin W, Modiano JF, Ito D. Stage-specific embryonic antigen: determining expression in canine glioblastoma, melanoma, and mammary cancer cells. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:101-104. [PMID: 27456773 PMCID: PMC5366293 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.1.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of stage-specific embryonic antigens (SSEAs) was determined in several types of canine cancer cells. Flow cytometry showed SSEA-1 expression in glioblastoma, melanoma, and mammary cancer cells, although none expressed SSEA-3 or SSEA-4. Expression of SSEA-1 was not detected in lymphoma, osteosarcoma, or hemangiosarcoma cell lines. Relatively stable SSEA-1 expression was observed between 24 and 72 h of culture. After 8 days in culture, sorted SSEA-1− and SSEA-1+ cells re-established SSEA-1 expression to levels comparable to those observed in unsorted cells. Our results document, for the first time, the expression of SSEA-1 in several canine cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Lin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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94
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Choo M, Tan HL, Ding V, Castangia R, Belgacem O, Liau B, Hartley-Tassell L, Haslam SM, Dell A, Choo A. Characterization of H type 1 and type 1 N-acetyllactosamine glycan epitopes on ovarian cancer specifically recognized by the anti-glycan monoclonal antibody mAb-A4. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6163-6176. [PMID: 28167527 PMCID: PMC5391748 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.768887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-specific glycans of ovarian cancer are promising epitopes for targeting with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Despite their potential, structural characterization of these glycan epitopes remains a significant challenge in mAb preclinical development. Our group generated the monoclonal antibody mAb-A4 against human embryonic stem cells (hESC), which also bound specifically to N-glycans present on 11 of 19 ovarian cancer (OC) and 8 of 14 breast cancer cell lines tested. Normal cell lines and tissue were unstained by mAb-A4. To characterize the N-linked glycan epitopes on OC cell lines targeted by mAb-A4, we used glycosidases, glycan microarray, siRNA, and advanced high sensitivity matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The mAb-A4 epitopes were found to be Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ (H type 1) and Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ (type 1 LacNAc). These structures were found to be present on multiple proteins from hESC and OC. Importantly, endo-β-galactosidase coupled with MALDI-MS allowed these two epitopes, for the first time, to be directly identified on the polylactosamines of N-glycans of SKOV3, IGROV1, OV90, and OVCA433. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of B3GALT5 expression in SKOV3 demonstrated that mAb-A4 binding was dependent on B3GALT5, providing orthogonal evidence of the epitopes' structures. The recognition of oncofetal H type 1 and type 1 LacNAc on OC by mAb-A4 is a novel and promising way to target OC and supports the theory that cancer can acquire stem-like phenotypes. We propose that the orthogonal framework used in this work could be the basis for advancing anti-glycan mAb characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Choo
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- the Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Heng Liang Tan
- the Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Ding
- the Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | | | | | - Brian Liau
- the Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Lauren Hartley-Tassell
- the Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia, and
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,
| | - Andre Choo
- the Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore 138668, Singapore,
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95
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Shurer CR, Colville MJ, Gupta VK, Head SE, Kai F, Lakins JN, Paszek MJ. Genetically Encoded Toolbox for Glycocalyx Engineering: Tunable Control of Cell Adhesion, Survival, and Cancer Cell Behaviors. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:388-399. [PMID: 29805991 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The glycocalyx is a coating of protein and sugar on the surface of all living cells. Dramatic perturbations to the composition and structure of the glycocalyx are frequently observed in aggressive cancers. However, tools to experimentally mimic and model the cancer-specific glycocalyx remain limited. Here, we develop a genetically encoded toolkit to engineer the chemical and physical structure of the cellular glycocalyx. By manipulating the glycocalyx structure, we are able to switch the adhesive state of cells from strongly adherent to fully detached. Surprisingly, we find that a thick and dense glycocalyx with high O-glycan content promotes cell survival even in a suspended state, characteristic of circulating tumor cells during metastatic dissemination. Our data suggest that glycocalyx-mediated survival is largely independent of receptor tyrosine kinase and mitogen activated kinase signaling. While anchorage is still required for proliferation, we find that cells with a thick glycocalyx can dynamically attach to a matrix scaffold, undergo cellular division, and quickly disassociate again into a suspended state. Together, our technology provides a needed toolkit for engineering the glycocalyx in glycobiology and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R Shurer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Marshall J Colville
- Cornell University, Field of Biophysics, 107 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Vivek K Gupta
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 105 Upson Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shelby E Head
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - FuiBoon Kai
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Jonathon N Lakins
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Matthew J Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Cornell University, Field of Biophysics, 107 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Field of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 101 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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96
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Badr HA, AlSadek DMM, El-Houseini ME, Saeui CT, Mathew MP, Yarema KJ, Ahmed H. Harnessing cancer cell metabolism for theranostic applications using metabolic glycoengineering of sialic acid in breast cancer as a pioneering example. Biomaterials 2017; 116:158-173. [PMID: 27926828 PMCID: PMC5193387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal cell surface display of sialic acids - a family of unusual 9-carbon sugars - is widely recognized as distinguishing feature of many types of cancer. Sialoglycans, however, typically cannot be identified with sufficiently high reproducibility and sensitivity to serve as clinically accepted biomarkers and similarly, almost all efforts to exploit cancer-specific differences in sialylation signatures for therapy remain in early stage development. In this report we provide an overview of important facets of glycosylation that contribute to cancer in general with a focus on breast cancer as an example of malignant disease characterized by aberrant sialylation. We then describe how cancer cells experience nutrient deprivation during oncogenesis and discuss how the resulting metabolic reprogramming, which endows breast cancer cells with the ability to obtain nutrients during scarcity, constitutes an "Achilles' heel" that we believe can be exploited by metabolic glycoengineering (MGE) strategies to develop new diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches. In particular, we hypothesize that adaptations made by breast cancer cells that allow them to efficiently scavenge sialic acid during times of nutrient deprivation renders them vulnerable to MGE, which refers to the use of exogenously-supplied, non-natural monosaccharide analogues to modulate targeted aspects of glycosylation in living cells and animals. In specific, once non-natural sialosides are incorporated into the cancer "sialome" they can be exploited as epitopes for immunotherapy or as chemical tags for targeted delivery of imaging or therapeutic agents selectively to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Badr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Dina M M AlSadek
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Motawa E El-Houseini
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Christopher T Saeui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Mohit P Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kevin J Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Hafiz Ahmed
- GlycoMantra, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21227, USA.
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97
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Wang D, Wu L, Liu X. Glycan Markers as Potential Immunological Targets in Circulating Tumor Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 994:275-284. [PMID: 28560680 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55947-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present here an experimental approach for exploring a new class of tumor biomarkers that are overexpressed by circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and are likely targetable in immunotherapy against tumor metastasis. Using carbohydrate microarrays, anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were scanned against a large panel of carbohydrate antigens to identify potential tumor glycan markers. Subsequently, flow cytometry and fiber-optic array scanning technology (FAST) were applied to determine whether the identified targets are tumor-specific cell-surface markers and are, therefore, likely suitable for targeted immunotherapy. Finally, the tumor glycan-specific antibodies identified were validated using cancer patients' blood samples for their performance in CTC-detection and immunotyping analysis. In this article, identifying breast CTC-specific glycan markers and targeting mAbs serve as examples to illustrate this tumor biomarker discovery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denong Wang
- Tumor Glycomics Laboratory, Biosciences Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA.
| | - Lisa Wu
- Tumor Glycomics Laboratory, Biosciences Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- Biosciences Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA
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98
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Glycosylation: a hallmark of cancer? Glycoconj J 2016; 34:147-156. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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99
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Li X, Xu H, Ding Z, Jin Q, Gao P. Association between ABO blood group and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma risk in China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5587. [PMID: 27930575 PMCID: PMC5266047 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ABO blood group has previously been reported to be associated with risk for certain malignancies; however, data about the risks for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to blood type are limited. Thus, we conducted a retrospective case-control study to investigate whether the ABO blood group contributes to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-induced HCC.From January 2010 to June 2016, 447 consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection were recruited. Of these patients, 217 had HCV-related HCC, and 230 had chronic hepatitis C (CHC) without HCC. We performed multivariate logistic regression to probe the association between the ABO blood group and HCC risk.Compared with subjects with blood type O, patients with blood type A had an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.301 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.927-5.653) for HCC after adjusting for age and gender. We found statistically significant associations between blood type A and HCC risk for both men (AOR [95% CI] = 4.192 [1.959-8.973]) and women (AOR [95% CI] = 2.594 [1.231-5.466]), and for patients aged below 70 years (<60 years: AOR [95% CI] = 3.418 [1.338-8.734]; 60-69 years: AOR [95% CI] = 3.917 [1.730-8.867]).Thus, HCC risk is associated with ABO blood type in Chinese CHC patients, and CHC patients with blood type A are more susceptible to HCV-related HCC than patients with other blood types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
| | - Hongqin Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
| | - Qinglong Jin
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
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Johannes L, Wunder C, Shafaq-Zadah M. Glycolipids and Lectins in Endocytic Uptake Processes. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:S0022-2836(16)30453-3. [PMID: 27984039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A host of endocytic processes has been described at the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Their categorization has most commonly referenced cytosolic machinery, of which the clathrin coat has occupied a preponderant position. In what concerns intra-membrane constituents, the focus of interest has been on phosphatidylinositol lipids and their capacity to orchestrate endocytic events on the cytosolic leaflet of the membrane. The contribution of extracellular determinants to the construction of endocytic pits has received much less attention, depite the fact that (glyco)sphingolipids are exoplasmic leaflet fabric of membrane domains, termed rafts, whose contributions to predominantly clathrin-independent internalization processes is well recognized. Furthermore, sugar modifications on extracellular domains of proteins, and sugar-binding proteins, termed lectins, have also been linked to the uptake of endocytic cargoes at the plasma membrane. In this review, we first summarize these contributions by extracellular determinants to the endocytic process. We thus propose a molecular hypothesis - termed the GL-Lect hypothesis - on how GlycoLipids and Lectins drive the formation of compositional nanoenvrionments from which the endocytic uptake of glycosylated cargo proteins is operated via clathrin-independent carriers. Finally, we position this hypothesis within the global context of endocytic pathway proposals that have emerged in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Christian Wunder
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Massiullah Shafaq-Zadah
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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