51
|
Zhou B, Zhang Y, Dang X, Li B, Wang H, Gong S, Li S, Meng F, Xing J, Li T, He L, Zou P, Wan Y. Up-regulation of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene protects against renal fibrosis in mice with obstructive nephropathy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:52-65. [PMID: 36479618 PMCID: PMC9806291 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a major factor in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of renal fibrosis, which is also accompanied by inflammation. To explore the effect of human-specific CHRFAM7A expression, an inflammation-related gene, on renal fibrosis during obstructive nephropathy, we studied CHRFAM7A transgenic mice and wild type mice that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury. Transgenic overexpression of CHRFAM7A gene inhibited UUO-induced renal fibrosis, which was demonstrated by decreased fibrotic gene expression and collagen deposition. Furthermore, kidneys from transgenic mice had reduced TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 expression following UUO compared with those from wild type mice with UUO. In addition, the overexpression of CHRFAM7A decreased release of inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys of UUO-injured mice. In vitro, the overexpression of CHRFAM7A inhibited TGF-β1-induced increase in expression of fibrosis-related genes in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). Additionally, up-regulated expression of CHRFAM7A in HK-2 cells decreased TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibited activation f TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathways. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that overexpression of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene can reduce UUO-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway to reduce inflammatory reactions and EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Yudian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xitong Dang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of EducationSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Shu Gong
- Science and Technology DivisionSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Indiana Center for Liver Research, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Juan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Longfei He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Hung TW, Yu MH, Yang TY, Yang MY, Chen JY, Chan KC, Wang CJ. Acarbose Protects Glucolipotoxicity-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibiting Ras Expression in High-Fat Diet-Fed db/db Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315312. [PMID: 36499639 PMCID: PMC9736061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) exacerbates renal tissue damage and is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Reactive oxygen species play a vital role in hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. This study examined whether the oral hypoglycemic drug acarbose (Ab) could attenuate the progression of DN in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice. In this study, 50 mg/kg body weight of Ab was administered to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed db/db mice. Their body weight was recorded every week, and the serum glucose concentration was monitored every 2 weeks. Following their euthanasia, the kidneys of mice were analyzed through hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The results revealed that Ab stabilized the plasma glucose and indirectly improved the insulin sensitivity and renal functional biomarkers in diabetic mice. In addition, diabetes-induced glomerular hypertrophy, the saccharide accumulation, and formation of collagen fiber were reduced in diabetic mice receiving Ab. Although the dosages of Ab cannot decrease the blood sugar in db/db mice, our results indicate that Ab alleviates glucolipotoxicity-induced DN by inhibiting kidney fibrosis-related proteins through the Ras/ERK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Wei Hung
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsun Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Yang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Chuan Chan
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (C.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 34704) (K.-C.C.); +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 11670) (C.-J.W.)
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (C.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 34704) (K.-C.C.); +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 11670) (C.-J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Lin Z, Chen A, Cui H, Shang R, Su T, Li X, Wang K, Yang J, Gao K, Lv J, Shen J, Wang S, Qi Y, Guo M, Zhu Y. Renal tubular epithelial cell necroptosis promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22625. [PMID: 36331546 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200706rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, a common pathological manifestation of virtually all types of chronic kidney disease (CKD), ultimately predisposes patients to end-stage renal disease. However, there is no effective therapy for renal fibrosis. Our earlier studies proved that RIP3-mediated necroptosis might be an important mode of renal tubular cell death in rats with chronic renal injury. Under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we found morphological changes in the necrosis of human renal tissue, and the percentage of necrotic cells increased significantly in patients with stages 2 and 3a CKD. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that the percentages of TUNEL+ /RIP3+ double-positive and TUNEL+ /MLKL+ double-positive tubular epithelial cells in renal tubules of patients with stages 2 and 3a CKD were significantly increased compared to those in control patients without renal disease. Immunohistochemistry analyses of renal biopsy specimens from patients with CKD revealed RIP3, MLKL, and p-MLKL upregulation in patients with stages 2 and 3a CKD, suggesting that necroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in CKD patients occurs, and the peak of necroptosis was in stages 2 and 3a CKD. We showed that profibrotic factor proteins (TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3) and fibroblast activation markers (α-SMA and Vimentin) were specifically upregulated in stage 2 and 3a CKD patients. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that the percentage of necroptotic renal tubular epithelial cells was positively correlated with TGF-β1 and collagen-I. We also showed that RIP1/3 or MLKL inhibitors decreased the expression of RIP3, MLKL, TGF-β1, and Smad3 in HK-2 cells treated with TNF-α. FGF-2, α-SMA, Vimentin and FN were overexpressed in the hRIFs cultured with the supernatant of necroptotic HK-2 cells, whereas necroptosis blockers (Nec-1s, GSK'872 and NSA) and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway antagonists (LY364947 and SIS3) reduced FGF-2, α-SMA, Vimentin and FN levels. Collectively, necroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in CKD patients occurs, and the peak of necroptosis was in stages 2 and 3a CKD. Renal tubular epithelial cell necroptosis mediates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease, which is related to the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ai Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongwang Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ruihua Shang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Tian Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kekun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Qionghai People's Hospital, Qionghai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Keli Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yonghui Qi
- Blood Purification Center, Hannan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Minghao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Cai Y, Chen J, Liu J, Zhu K, Xu Z, Shen J, Wang D, Chu L. Identification of six hub genes and two key pathways in two rat renal fibrosis models based on bioinformatics and RNA-seq transcriptome analyses. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1035772. [PMID: 36438657 PMCID: PMC9682235 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1035772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis (RF) is the common pathological manifestation and central treatment target of multiple chronic kidney diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying RF remain poorly understood, and exploration of RF-related hub targets and pathways is urgently needed. In this study, two classical RF rat models (adenine and UUO) were established and evaluated by HE, Masson and immunohistochemical staining. To clear molecular mechanisms of RF, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RNA-Seq analysis, hub targets and pathways were screened by bioinformatics (functional enrichment analyses, PPI network, and co-expression analysis), the screening results were verified by qRT-PCR, and potential drugs of RF were predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking. The results illustrated that renal structures were severely damaged and fibrotic in adenine- and UUO-induced models, as evidenced by collagen deposition, enhanced expressions of biomarkers (TGF-β1 and α-SMA), reduction of E-cadherin biomarker, and severe renal function changes (significantly decreased UTP, CREA, Ccr, and ALB levels and increased UUN and BUN levels), etc. 1189 and 1253 RF-related DEGs were screened in the adenine and UUO models, respectively. Two key pathways (AGE-RAGE and NOD-like receptor) and their hub targets (Tgfb1, Col1a1, Nlrc4, Casp4, Trpm2, and Il18) were identified by PPI networks, co-expressed relationships, and qRT-PCR verification. Furthermore, various reported herbal ingredients (curcumin, resveratrol, honokiol, etc.) were considered as important drug candidates due to the strong binding affinity with these hub targets. Overall, this study mainly identified two key RF-related pathways (AGE-RAGE and NOD-like receptor), screened hub targets (Tgfb1, Col1a1, Nlrc4, Casp4, Trpm2, and Il18) that involved inflammation, ECM formation, myofibroblasts generation, and pyroptosis, etc., and provided referable drug candidates (curcumin, resveratrol, honokiol, etc.) in basic research and clinical treatment of RF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingan Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Liu
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keyan Zhu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixing Xu
- The First Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Shen
- The First Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dejun Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lisheng Chu
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Xu H, Wang C, Song TT, Liu Y, Dong CW. Effects of Ziyin Qianyang Formula on Renal Fibrosis through the TGF- β1/Smads Signaling Pathway in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6088673. [PMID: 36387359 PMCID: PMC9663231 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6088673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to explore the effects and mechanisms of action of Ziyin Qianyang Formula (ZYQYF) on renal fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS Forty SHRs were randomly divided into a model group, Ziyin Qianyang Formula regular-dose and high-dose groups (ZYQYF-R, 20 g/kg; ZYQYF-H, 40 g/kg), and a western medicine group (enalapril 10 mg/kg), and 10 Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as the normal group. The rats received continuous gavage administration for 6 weeks and systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements were obtained every fortnight. The serum levels of urea, serum creatinine (sCr), and uric acid (UA) were measured; the pathological morphology and collagen content of the kidneys were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining; and the serum Ang II level was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Smad-2, Smad-3, and Smad-7 protein and mRNA expressions in kidney tissues was evaluated by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The ZYQYF-H group showed significantly a lower renal weight and renal weight/body weight than the model group. The enalapril and ZYQYF-H groups showed significantly lower SBP than other groups after 6 weeks of administration. The ZYQYF-H group showed better improvement than the ZYQYF-R and enalapril groups in glomerular and tubular morphology and better reductions in inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen volumetric fraction. The ZYQYF-H group also showed better reductions in serum UA and Ang II levels; collagen-I, collagen-III, and p-Smad2/Smad-2 protein expression; and Smad-2 mRNA expression and a better increase in Smad-7 protein and mRNA expression than the enalapril group. Besides, the degree of renal function and fibrosis improvement was positively correlated with the dose of ZYQYF. CONCLUSION ZYQYF can significantly reduce SHR blood pressure, protect renal function and structure, and improve renal fibrosis by regulating Smad proteins through TGF-β1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chao Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ting-ting Song
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chang-wu Dong
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Tang YW, Yang RC, Wan F, Tang XL, Zhang HQ, Lin Y. Celastrol attenuates renal injury in 5/6 nephrectomized rats via inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and transforming growth factor-β1/Smad3 pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1947-1955. [PMID: 36046983 PMCID: PMC9742752 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221118087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal injury is an important factor in the development of chronic kidney diseases that pathologically manifested as renal fibrosis and podocyte damage. In the disease state, renal fibroblasts lead to high expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), while podocytes undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leading to proteinuria. Celastrol, a bioactive compound in the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, was found to delay the progression of early diabetic nephropathy and attenuate renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. However, its effect on the renal system in 5/6 nephrectomized (Nx) rats remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of celastrol and its underlying mechanisms in 5/6 Nx rats. We found that 24 h proteinuria and levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, triglycerides, serum P, renal index and cholesterol significantly increased (P < 0.05), while that of serum albumin decreased significantly in 5/6 Nx rats. After intervention with celastrol, 24 h proteinuria and levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, triglycerides, serum P, renal index, and cholesterol significantly decreased, while that of serum albumin significantly increased. Renal tissue pathological staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that celastrol ameliorated kidney injury and glomerular podocyte foot injury and induced significant anti-inflammatory effects. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting results revealed that nephrin and NEPH1 expression levels were upregulated, whereas α-SMA and Col4a1 expression levels were downregulated in the celastrol group. Celastrol inhibited the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway-related molecules such as TGF-β1 and P-Smad3. In summary, celastrol contributes to renal protection by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Wen Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Dingqiao District of Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ru-Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China,Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China,Ru-Chun Yang.
| | - Feng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China,Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xuan-Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China,Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hua-Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China,Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China,Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Zhang JJ, Wang DW, Peng YL, Cai D, Cheng YX. Spiroganodermaines A-G from Ganoderma species and their activities against insulin resistance and renal fibrosis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 202:113324. [PMID: 35931232 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma mushrooms are a renowned Chinese medicine and functional food used worldwide. Seven undescribed spiro Ganoderma meroterpenoids spiroganodermaines A-G were isolated from Ganoderma species. Their structures were characterized by using spectroscopic, computational and X-ray diffraction methods. Biological studies showed that (+)-spiroganodermaine G significantly activates glucose uptake and IRS1 phosphorylation in insulin resistance C2C12 cells. Furthermore, (-)-spiroganodermaine G inhibits the expressions of fibronectin and α-SMA in TGF-β1 induced NRK-52E cells. These findings demonstrate the potential of Ganoderma meroterpenoids as medicines and dietary supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Zhang
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wei Wang
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Peng
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Cai
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Inhibition of Ubiquitin-specific Protease 4 Attenuates Epithelial—Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor Type I. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:1000-1006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
59
|
Kim H, Nam BY, Park J, Song S, Kim WK, Lee K, Nam TW, Park JT, Yoo TH, Kang SW, Ko G, Han SH. Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 reduces kidney fibrosis via immune modulatory effects in mice with chronic kidney disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101105. [PMID: 36059191 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Intestinal dysbiosis has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we aimed to evaluate whether probiotic supplements can have protective effects against kidney injury in an animal model of CKD. METHODS AND RESULTS An animal model of CKD was established by feeding C57BL/6 mice a diet containing 0.2% adenine. These model mice were administered Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 daily for 4 weeks. Features of adenine-induce CKD (Ade-CKD) mice, such as prominent kidney fibrosis and higher levels of serum creatinine and albuminuria were improved by administration of KBL409. Ade-CKD mice also exhibited a disrupted intestinal barrier and elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. These changes were attenuated by KBL409. Administration of KBL409 significantly reduced macrophage infiltration and promoted a switch to the M2 macrophage phenotype and increasing regulatory T cells. Notably, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was activated in the kidneys of Ade-CKD and decreased by KBL409. In primary kidney tubular epithelial cells treated with p-cresyl sulfate, short-chain fatty acids significantly increased M2 macrophage polarization factors and decreased profibrotic markers. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that supplementation with the probiotic KBL409 has beneficial immunomodulating effects and protects against kidney injury. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungnae Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Woon-Ki Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Jung Tak Park
- Yonsei University, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Yonsei University, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Yonsei University, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- KoBiolabs, Inc., Seoul, Korea.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Yonsei University, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Wang Y, Yu F, Li A, He Z, Qu C, He C, Ma X, Zhan H. The progress and prospect of natural components in rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) in the treatment of renal fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919967. [PMID: 36105187 PMCID: PMC9465315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal fibrosis is a key pathological change that occurs in the progression of almost all chronic kidney diseases . CKD has the characteristics of high morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is increasing each year on a global scale, which seriously affects people’s health and quality of life. Natural products have been used for new drug development and disease treatment for many years. The abundant natural products in R. ribes L. can intervene in the process of renal fibrosis in different ways and have considerable therapeutic prospects. Purpose: The etiology and pathology of renal fibrosis were analyzed, and the different ways in which the natural components of R. ribes L. can intervene and provide curative effects on the process of renal fibrosis were summarized. Methods: Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Life Science, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, were searched using the keywords ‘R. ribes L.’, ‘kidney fibrosis’, ‘emodin’ and ‘rhein’, and the various ways in which the natural ingredients protect against renal fibrosis were collected and sorted out. Results: We analyzed several factors that play a leading role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, such as the mechanism of the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Additionally, we reviewed the progress of the treatment of renal fibrosis with natural components in R. ribes L. and the intervention mechanism of the crucial therapeutic targets. Conclusion: The natural components of R. ribes L. have a wide range of intervention effects on renal fibrosis targets, which provides new ideas for the development of new anti-kidney fibrosis drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangwei Yu
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ao Li
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijia He
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiyan Qu
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiying He
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Huakui Zhan,
| | - Huakui Zhan
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Sichuan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Huakui Zhan,
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Shu S, Liu H, Yang J, Tang H, Li H, Liu Z, Zhou M, Zhu F, Hu Z, Ding K, Lu X, Nie J. Targeted inhibition of ZAK ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis. Transl Res 2022; 246:49-65. [PMID: 35276386 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
ZAK (sterile alpha motif and leucine zipper-containing kinase) is a newly discovered member of the subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks). The role of ZAK in kidney disease remains largely unknown. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression and function of ZAK in the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF). ZAK was induced, predominantly in tubular epithelium, in both fibrotic kidneys of human and mouse models with TIF. ZAK expression level was correlated with the extent of renal fibrosis and the decline of eGFR of CKD patients. Depleting ZAK attenuated TIF and inflammation induced by unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) together with decreased activation of p38 MAPK and Smads signaling. Moreover, we demonstrated that overexpressed ZAK was in complex with Smad2/3 and TGF-β receptor Ⅰ (TβRI). Whereas, silencing endogenous ZAK ameliorated the amount of Smad2/3 recruited to TβRI. Moreover, we discovered a novel small molecule inhibitor of ZAK, named 6p. In vitro, incubation with 6p inhibited TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic response in NRK52E cells. In vivo, intragastric administration of 6p ameliorated TIF and inflammation in UUO and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Delayed administration of 6p was also effective in retarding the progression of the established TIF. In conclusion, ZAK is a novel therapeutic target for TIF, and 6p might be a potential therapeutic agent for TIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fengxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ke Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Sestrin2 remedies podocyte injury via orchestrating TSP-1/TGF-β1/Smad3 axis in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:663. [PMID: 35908070 PMCID: PMC9338940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sestrin2 is identified as a stress-induced protein and could functionate in many aspects. In our study, we investigated the latent impact of Sestrin2 on podocyte injury and its molecular mechanism in vivo and in vitro in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Sestrin2 was low-expressed in renal biopsies from individuals with DKD, the glomeruli from diabetic mice, and mouse podocytes exposed to high glucose (HG). Sestrin2 overexpression ameliorated HG-induced phenotypic alterations, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes and modulated the activity of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1)/transforming growth factor (TGF-β1)/Smad3 pathway in podocytes. Moreover, TSP-1 inhibitor LSKL or TGF-β blocker Pirfenidone arrested podocyte injury induced by HG. Streptozotocin (STZ) was employed to render equivalent diabetes in B6-TgN (CMV-Sestrin2) (TgN) and wild-type (WT) control mice. Sestrin2 alleviated increased levels of 24-h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and triglyceride, and urine 8-OHdG in diabetic mice. Podocyte phenotypic alterations, increased expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and podocyte loss were observed in WT but not in diabetic TgN mice, as well as oxidative stress. Additionally, TSP-1/TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway was also suppressed in glomeruli of diabetic TgN mice. Thus, Sestrin2 mitigates podocyte injury in DKD via orchestrating TSP-1/TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, underlining Sestrin2 as a promising therapeutic target for DKD.
Collapse
|
63
|
Tan W, Wang Y, Dai H, Deng J, Wu Z, Lin L, Yang J. Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Renal Fibrosis: Cordyceps and Related Products. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:932172. [PMID: 35873549 PMCID: PMC9304961 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.932172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no effective drug for the treatment of renal fibrosis; in particular, a safe and effective treatment for renal fibrosis should be established. Cordyceps has several medical effects, including immunoregulatory, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and may prevent kidney, liver, and heart diseases. Cordyceps has also been reported to be effective in the treatment of renal fibrosis. In this paper, we review the potential mechanisms of Cordyceps against renal fibrosis, focusing on the effects of Cordyceps on inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, regulation of autophagy, reduction of extracellular matrix deposition, and fibroblast activation. We also discuss relevant published clinical trials and meta-analyses. Available clinical studies support the possibility that Cordyceps and related products provide benefits to patients with chronic kidney diseases as adjuvants to conventional drugs. However, the existing clinical studies are limited by low quality and significant heterogeneity. The use of Cordyceps and related products may be a potential strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis. Randomized controlled trial studies with good methodological quality, favorable experimental design, and large sample size are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cordyceps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Dai
- Nephrology, YunYang County People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Deng
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifen Wu
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Lin
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jurong Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Suo XG, Wang F, Xu CH, He XY, Wang JN, Zhang Y, Ni WJ, Lu H, Ji ML, He Y, Xie SS, Yang YR, Wen JG, Jin J, Gong Q, Li J, Liu MM, Meng XM. Targeted inhibition of TGF-β type I receptor by AZ12601011 protects against kidney fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 929:175116. [PMID: 35780825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, a common feature of chronic kidney disease, causes the progressive loss of renal function, in which TGF-β1 plays a critical role. In this study, we found that expression levels of TGF-β1 and its receptor 1 (TGF-βR1) were both significantly increased in obstructive fibrosis kidneys. AZ12601011 is a small molecular inhibitor of TGF-βR1; however, its therapeutic potential for renal fibrosis remains unclear. During the experiments, AZ12601011 was applied to various models of renal fibrosis followed by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in vivo, in addition to renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and TGF-β1in vitro. Our results revealed that AZ12601011 ameliorated renal injuries and fibrosis shown by PAS, HE, and Masson staining, which was consistent with the decrease in Col-1 and α-SMA expression in the kidneys from UUO and I/R mice. Similarly, in vitro data showed that AZ12601011 inhibited the induction of Col-1 and α-SMA in both TECs treated with TGF-β1 and H/R. In addition, the results of cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), molecular docking, and western bolt indicated that AZ12601011 could directly bind to TGF-βR1 and block activation of the downstream Smad3. Taken together, our findings suggest that AZ12601011 can attenuate renal fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway and it might serve as a promising clinical candidate in the fight against fibrotic kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Guo Suo
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Lu'an, 237006, China
| | - Chuan-Hui Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ming-Lu Ji
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Xie
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ru Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Jiang J, Ding S, Zhang G, Dong Y. Ambient particulate matter exposure plus a high-fat diet exacerbate renal injury by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113571. [PMID: 35512472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem of which the prevalence is increasing worldwide. Several studies have reported that ambient particulate matter (PM) causes kidney injury, which may be related to the risk of CKD. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified. In addition, whether a high-fat diet (HFD) could exacerbate ambient PM-induced nephrotoxicity has not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of ambient PM and a HFD on renal injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed either a normal diet or a HFD and exposed to filtered air (FA) or particulate matter (PM) for 18 weeks. In the present study, we observed that renal function changed (serum blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine), and exposure to PM and a HFD caused a synergistic effect on renal injury. Histopathological analysis showed that PM exposure induced renal fibrosis in mice, and combined exposure to PM and a HFD exacerbated these adverse effects. Moreover, ambient PM exposure activated the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and increased the inflammatory response, as indicated by the increases in interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the serum and kidney, as well as the upregulation of specific renal fibrosis-related markers (transforming growth factor-β1 and p-Smad2) in the kidney tissues of mice. Furthermore, combined exposure to PM and a HFD augmented these changes in the kidney. In vitro, inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 (an inhibitor of NLRP3) reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and p-Smad2 in HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data indicated that PM exposure caused renal inflammation and induced profibrotic effects on the kidney, and combined exposure to ambient PM and a HFD exacerbated renal injury, which may involve activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Shibin Ding
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Guofu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Yaqi Dong
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:182. [PMID: 35680856 PMCID: PMC9184651 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the driving force for the loss of nephron including tubules, glomerulus, and endothelium. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, and RAAS signaling involves in lipotoxicity. The upregulated Nox expression and the decreased Nrf2 expression result in oxidative stress directly. The injured renal resident cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit immune cells such as macrophages from bone marrow. NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and cGAS-STING signaling are major signaling pathways that mediate inflammation in inflammatory cells including immune cells and injured renal resident cells. The inflammatory cells produce and secret a great number of profibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β1, Wnt ligands, and angiotensin II. TGF-β signaling, Wnt signaling, RAAS signaling, and Notch signaling evoke the activation of myofibroblasts and promote the generation of ECM. The potential therapies targeted to these signaling pathways are also introduced here. In this review, we update the key signaling pathways of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and myofibroblasts activation in kidneys with chronic injury, and the targeted drugs based on the latest studies. Unifying these pathways and the targeted therapies will be instrumental to advance further basic and clinical investigation in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ben Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Yin J, Wang K, Zhu X, Lu G, Jin D, Qiu J, Zhou F. Procyanidin B2 suppresses hyperglycemia‑induced renal mesangial cell dysfunction by modulating CAV‑1‑dependent signaling. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:496. [PMID: 35837062 PMCID: PMC9257762 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of renal mesangial cells (MCs) is a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which triggers glomerulosclerosis leading to end-stage renal disease. Procyanidin B2 (PB2), the main component of proanthocyanidin, is well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, it remains unclear as to whether it has protective effects on DKD. The present study investigated the protective effect of PB2 against hyperglycemia-induced renal MC dysfunction in mouse SV40-Mes13 (Mes13) cells. The Mes13 cells were treated with or without PB2 under HG conditions. Cell proliferation was assessed using an MTT assay and oxidative stress was assessed by examining intracellular ROS generation and H2O2 production. The changes in extracellular matrix accumulation- and cellular inflammation-related proteins were measured by western blot analysis, ELISA and immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that PB2 treatment markedly attenuated hyperglycemia-induced cell proliferation, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix accumulation and cellular inflammation in Mes13 cells, which was accompanied by an inactivation of redoxosomes, TGF-β1/SMAD and IL-1β/TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathways. The present study also demonstrated that hyperglycemia upregulated and activated caveolin-1 (CAV-1), whereas PB2 treatment potently reversed this effect. In accordance, CAV-1 overexpression abolished the protective effects of PB2 against hyperglycemia in Mes13 cells, indicating that the cytoprotective effect of PB2 was CAV-1-dependent. These findings form the basis of the potential clinical applications of PB2 in the treatment of DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Guoyuan Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Donghua Jin
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215129, P.R. China
| | - Junsi Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales A-2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Xu X, Li Y, Niu Z, Xia J, Dai K, Wang C, Yao W, Guo Y, Deng X, He J, Deng M, Si H, Hao C. Inhibition of HIF-1α Attenuates Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116775. [PMID: 35682354 PMCID: PMC9180362 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Background: Excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix is a key feature of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and myofibroblasts are the main producers of extracellular matrix. Fibroblasts are the major source of myofibroblasts, but the mechanisms of transdifferentiation are unclear. Methods: In vitro, transforming growth factor-β1 was used to induce NIH-3T3 cell transdifferentiation. DMOG was used to increase hypoxia-inducible factor-1α subunit (HIF-1α) expression. KC7F2 and siRNA decreased HIF-1α expression. In vivo, silica particles were used to induce PF in C57BL/6N mice, and KC7F2 was used to reduce HIF-1α expression in C57BL/6N mice. Western blot was used to detect the expression of collagen type 1 alpha 1(COL1A1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), SMAD family member (SAMD) 3, Phospho-SMAD3 (PSMAD3), and HIF-1α. PCR was used to detect the expression of COL1A1, α-SMA, and HIF-1α. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of COL1A1 and HIF-1α. Results: In vitro, compared to the control group, COL1A1, α-SMA, PSMAD3, and HIF-1α expression were elevated in the DMOG group, and COL1A1, α-SMA, PSMAD3, and HIF-1α expression were decreased in the KC7F2 group and siRNA group. Compared to the DMOG group, COL1A1, α-SMA, and PSMAD3 expression were decreased in the DMOG + SIS3 group. In vivo, compared to the saline group, COL1A1, α-SMA, PSMAD3, and HIF-1α expression were increased in the pulmonary tissue of C57BL/6N mice in the silica group. Compared to the silica group, COL1A1, α-SMA, PSMAD3, and HIF-1α expression and the degree of PF were decreased in the silica + KC7F2 group. Conclusion: Inhibition of HIF-1α reduced α-SMA, decreased COL1A1 expression, and attenuated the degree of PF in C57BL/6N mice. Therefore, HIF-1α may be a new target for the treatment of silica-induced PF.
Collapse
|
69
|
Tang PCT, Zhang YY, Li JSF, Chan MKK, Chen J, Tang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Leung KT, To KF, Tang SCW, Lan HY, Tang PMK. LncRNA-Dependent Mechanisms of Transforming Growth Factor-β: From Tissue Fibrosis to Cancer Progression. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8030036. [PMID: 35736633 PMCID: PMC9227532 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a crucial pathogenic mediator of inflammatory diseases. In tissue fibrosis, TGF-β regulates the pathogenic activity of infiltrated immunocytes and promotes extracellular matrix production via de novo myofibroblast generation and kidney cell activation. In cancer, TGF-β promotes cancer invasion and metastasis by enhancing the stemness and epithelial mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. However, TGF-β is highly pleiotropic in both tissue fibrosis and cancers, and thus, direct targeting of TGF-β may also block its protective anti-inflammatory and tumor-suppressive effects, resulting in undesirable outcomes. Increasing evidence suggests the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in TGF-β-driven tissue fibrosis and cancer progression with a high cell-type and disease specificity, serving as an ideal target for therapeutic development. In this review, the mechanism and translational potential of TGF-β-associated lncRNAs in tissue fibrosis and cancer will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (P.C.-T.T.); (J.S.-F.L.); (M.K.-K.C.); (K.-F.T.)
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China;
| | - Jane Siu-Fan Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (P.C.-T.T.); (J.S.-F.L.); (M.K.-K.C.); (K.-F.T.)
| | - Max Kam-Kwan Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (P.C.-T.T.); (J.S.-F.L.); (M.K.-K.C.); (K.-F.T.)
| | - Jiaoyi Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (J.C.); (S.C.-W.T.)
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China;
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (P.C.-T.T.); (J.S.-F.L.); (M.K.-K.C.); (K.-F.T.)
| | - Sydney Chi-Wai Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (J.C.); (S.C.-W.T.)
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (P.C.-T.T.); (J.S.-F.L.); (M.K.-K.C.); (K.-F.T.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Min L, Shu-Li Z, Feng Y, Han H, Shao-Jun L, Sheng-Xiong T, Jia-Yu T, Xiang-Zhi F, Dan F. NecroX-5 ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting NLRP3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Respir Res 2022; 23:128. [PMID: 35596212 PMCID: PMC9121617 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and usually lethal pulmonary disease. Despite considerable research efforts, no effective therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis has been developed. NecroX-5 has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether NecroX-5 exhibits antifibrotic property in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Results We found that pre-treatment with NecroX-5 alleviated inflammatory response, reduced oxidative stress, inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Our data further indicated that NecroX-5 substantially reduced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, NLRP3 overexpression significantly reversed the protective effects of NecroX-5 in lung epithelial cells exposed to BLM. Conclusions Overall, our results demonstrate the potent antifibrotic properties of NecroX-5 and its therapeutic potential for pulmonary fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02044-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Min
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Shu-Li
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Han
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Shao-Jun
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Sheng-Xiong
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Jia-Yu
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Xiang-Zhi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Dan
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
circ_000166/miR-296 Aggravates the Process of Diabetic Renal Fibrosis by Regulating the SGLT2 Signaling Pathway in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6103086. [PMID: 35615399 PMCID: PMC9126678 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic renal fibrosis is a common cause of end-stage renal disease, and the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network may play an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy- (DN-) induced renal fibrosis. In this study, the role of circ_000166/miR-296/SGLT2 in the process of DN-related renal fibrosis was studied by constructing an animal model of DN renal fibrosis via lentiviral transfection, plasmid transfection, and dual-luciferase reporting techniques. Compared with that of normal controls, the expression of circ_000166 in the kidney tissues of DN renal fibrosis mice substantially increased. Silencing circ_000166 could minimize kidney damage and decrease urine protein levels, thereby inhibiting the progression of renal fibrosis. Moreover, circ_000166 could act as the ceRNA of miR-296 and competitively bind to miR-296, leading to an increase in the expression of the SGLT2 gene regulated by miR-296. Through mutual verification via in vivo and in vitro experiments, miR-296 was overexpressed and SGLT2 was silenced. Results showed that DN renal fibrosis and cell apoptosis were considerably reduced. We postulate that circ_000166/miR-296/SGLT2 may become a new target in the progression of DN renal fibrosis, and the regulation of this pathway may be a promising strategy for clinical treatment of DN renal fibrosis.
Collapse
|
72
|
Li L, Guo ZY, Wang J, Fei PP, Ji YF, Xu CG. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced renal fibrosis markers in cultured renal mesangial cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:432. [PMID: 35607370 PMCID: PMC9121212 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a worldwide prevalence of higher than 10% with an increasing mortality rate. As it involves the deterioration of renal function, it represents a serious risk to human health and, if left untreated, significantly lowers the quality of the patient's life. CKD is characterized by renal fibrosis. Studies have shown that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), a key driving factor of renal fibrosis, is closely related to the activation of renal fibrosis pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid derivative, can effectively inhibit endogenous ERS. Here, we explored the effects and actions of TUDCA on renal fibrosis by establishing a renal mesangial cell (RMC) model. The RMC was stimulated with TGF-β1, and PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of ERS-related chaperone proteins and fibrotic indicators. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was silenced in RMC cells to investigate the role of GRP78 in renal fibrosis. Finally, PCR and western blotting were used to detect the effects of TUDCA on the expression of GRP78, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin (FN) in the TGF-β1-stimulated RMCs. The results showed that TUDCA significantly downregulated TGF-β1-induced levels of GRP78, CHOP, α-SMA and FN in RMCs. In addition, downregulation of GRP78 inhibited the expression of FN and α-SMA in the RMCs. In conclusion, downregulation of GRP78 and CHOP expression is one of the mechanisms by which TUDCA inhibits TGF-β1-induced renal mesangial cell fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Fei
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Fei Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Steinbrenner I, Sekula P, Kotsis F, von Cube M, Cheng Y, Nadal J, Schmid M, Schneider MP, Krane V, Nauck M, Eckardt KU, Schultheiss UT. Association of osteopontin with kidney function and kidney failure in chronic kidney disease patients: the GCKD study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:1430-1438. [PMID: 35524694 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN), synthesized in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and in the distal tubule, is involved in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis, a hallmark of kidney failure (KF). In a cohort of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, we evaluated OPN's association with kidney markers and KF. METHODS OPN was measured from baseline serum samples of German Chronic Kidney Disease study participants. Cross-sectional regression models for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) as well as Cox regression models for all-cause mortality and KF were evaluated to estimate the OPN effect. Additionally, predictive ability, of OPN and time-dependent population-attributable fraction were evaluated. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 6.5 years, 471 KF events and 629 deaths occurred among 4,950 CKD patients. One-unit higher log(OPN) was associated with 5.5 mL/min/1.73m2 lower eGFR (95%CI: [-6.4,-4.6]) and 1% change in OPN with 0.7% higher UACR (estimated effect 0.7, 95%CI: [0.6,0.8]). Moreover, higher OPN levels were associated with a higher risk of KF (hazard ratio [HR] 1.4, 95%CI: [1.2,1.7]) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.5, 95%CI: [1.3,1.8]). After 6 years, 31% of the KF events could be attributed to higher OPN levels (95%CI: [3%,56%]). CONCLUSIONS In this study, higher OPN levels were associated with kidney function markers worsening, and a higher risk for adverse outcomes. A larger proportion of KF could be attributed to higher OPN levels warranting further research on OPN with regards to its role in CKD progression and possible treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maja von Cube
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Nadal
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus P Schneider
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vera Krane
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Huang C, Meng M, Li S, Liu S, Li L, Su Y, Gao H, He S, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Hou Z, Wang W, Wang X. Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Kidney Injury in MRL/Ipr Mice Through the TGF-β1 Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:876054. [PMID: 35478960 PMCID: PMC9037034 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.876054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects and mechanism of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) on kidney injury in MRL/Ipr mice were studied. UC-MSC, methylprednisolone (MP), and their combination were used to treat MRL/Ipr mice. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by renal function assessment, and HE, PAS, and Masson staining were carried out on renal tissues and visualized by electron microscopy. Subsequently, podocyte injury was detected by the presence of podocin in renal tissues by immunofluorescence. To further explore the mechanism, serum TGF-β1 was measured, and TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and TRAF6 in the renal tissue were detected by Western blotting. In vitro, TGF-β1 was used to stimulate podocytes, and the podocyte activity and changes in synaptopodin were observed after UC-MSC treatment. Significant improvements in renal function and pathological injury were observed in the UC-MSC group compared to the lupus nephritis (LN) model group. UC-MSC and MP treatment improved podocyte injury in MRL/Ipr mice. Western blot examination showed a significant increase in TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and TRAF6 expression in renal tissues of the LN model group, while significant downregulation of those proteins was observed in the UC-MSC group. After TGF-β1 stimulation in vitro, podocyte activity decreased, and UC-MSC treatment improved podocyte activity and restored synaptopodin expression. UC-MSC therapy could improve the deterioration of renal function and the pathological changes of the renal tissues in MRL/Ipr mice. Our study suggested that UC-MSC may improve kidney injury and podocyte injury in LN mice by inhibiting the TGF-β1 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunkai Huang
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Mingyao Meng
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Li
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Yanjun Su
- Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Shan He
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Yiyi Zhao
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zongliu Hou
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Wenju Wang
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Scientific Research Department, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cell Biology and Clinical Translation Research Center, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Wang R, Hu B, Ye C, Zhang Z, Yin M, Cao Q, Ba Y, Liu H. Stewed Rhubarb Decoction Ameliorates Adenine-Induced Chronic Renal Failure in Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842720. [PMID: 35392552 PMCID: PMC8979777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Stewed Rhubarb (SR) decoction on chronic renal failure (CRF) through the regulation of gut microbiota. Using a CRF mouse model induced by a 0.2% adenine diet, we proved that SR decoction (2.0 g crude SR/kg) significantly reduced the levels of urea and creatinine in plasma of CRF mice, accompanied by the improvement of renal fibrosis and tubular atrophy, amelioration of inflammation, and inhibition of aquaporins damage. Also, SR decoction alleviated gut barrier damage, indicative of the elevated mRNA expression of intestinal mucins and tight junctions. By 16S rDNA sequencing, SR decoction reshaped the imbalanced gut microbiota in CRF mice by statistically reversing the abundance changes of a wide range of intestinal bacteria at family and genus levels, which further led to balance in the production of intestinal metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, and valeric acid), indole, and bile acids (TUDCA and CDCA). Inversely, SR decoction failed to repress the occurrence of CRF in mice with gut microbiota depletion, confirming the essential role of gut microbiota in SR decoction-initiated protection against CRF. In summary, SR decoction can improve adenine-induced CRF in mice by remolding the structure of destructed gut microbiota community. Our findings shed light on the clinical application of SR decoction in nephropathy treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Nephrology Department, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Baifei Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Ye
- Technology Center of Wuhan Customs, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiushi Cao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanming Ba
- Nephrology Department, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Nephrology Department, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Chen J, Xiong GZ, Luo DY, Zou QQ, Wang YYJ, Bi GS. Daxx ameliorates abdominal aortic aneurysm through inhibiting the TGF-β1-mediated PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221091532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening vascular abnormality, that, if ruptured, is almost universally fatal without repair, and is associated with up to 50% mortality even if repaired in hospital. To date, there is no drug therapy that has clinically proven benefit to reduce or prevent expansion of AAA. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Daxx could affect AAA through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway mediated by transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ1). Methods The AAA model was constructed by injecting angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang-Ⅱ) into rats, and the Daxx lentivirus vector was constructed. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the wall thickness of the abdominal aorta in rats. The gene and protein expressions in abdominal aortic tissues were detected utilizing western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, the concentration of TGF-β1 in abdominal aortic tissue was determined by ELISA. Results The abdominal aortic wall thickness was decreased in the Daxx expression group (by HE staining), and Daxx overexpression markedly reduced the protein expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9. Proteins related to the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway were highly enhanced in the aneurysm wall of rats, but were reduced following Daxx addition. Moreover, Daxx reduced the damage to elastin (by IHC), and the expression levels of α-SMA and SM22α were up-regulated by Daxx (by qRT-PCR). The concentration of TGF-β1 was correlated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway (by ELISA), whereas AKT overexpression weakened the inhibitory effect of Daxx. Conclusion Daxx ameliorated several mechanisms that contributed to expansion of AAA suppressing the tissue concentration of TGF-β1, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway. This evidence might form the basis to develop a therapeutic target for AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guo-zuo Xiong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Dong-yang Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qing-qing Zou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yang-yi-jing Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guo-shan Bi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Liu S, Zhao J, Tian WS, Wang JC, Wang HW, Zhou BH. Estrogen deficiency aggravates fluorine ion-induced renal fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in rats. Toxicol Lett 2022; 362:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
78
|
Yu XY, Sun Q, Zhang YM, Zou L, Zhao YY. TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860588. [PMID: 35401211 PMCID: PMC8987592 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was a major public health problem worldwide. Renal fibrosis, especially tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is final manifestation of CKD. Many studies have demonstrated that TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a crucial role in renal fibrosis. Therefore, targeted inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway can be used as a potential therapeutic measure for tubulointerstitial fibrosis. At present, a variety of targeting TGF-β1 and its downstream Smad proteins have attracted attention. Natural products used as potential therapeutic strategies for tubulointerstitial fibrosis have the characteristics of acting on multiple targets by multiple components and few side effects. With the continuous research and technique development, more and more molecular mechanisms of natural products have been revealed, and there are many natural products that inhibited tubulointerstitial fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This review summarized the role of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in tubulointerstitial fibrosis and natural products against tubulointerstitial fibrosis by targeting TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Additionally, many challenges and opportunities are presented for inhibiting renal fibrosis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhang
- Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Zhao M, Yang B, Li L, Si Y, Chang M, Ma S, Li R, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Efficacy of Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction in alleviating renal fibrosis in rats with IgA nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway through exosome regulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114795. [PMID: 34737009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE IgA nephropathy is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis and is a major cause of renal failure worldwide. Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction (MHCD), a traditional Chinese herbal preparation, has clinical efficacy in reducing the 24-h urine protein levels in patients with IgA nephropathy. However, the molecular mechanism of MHCD needs further study. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which MHCD treatment alleviates renal fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS An IgA nephropathy rat model was established using bovine serum albumin, carbon tetrachloride, and lipopolysaccharide. The rats were divided into control, model, telmisartan, low-dose MHCD, medium-dose MHCD, and high-dose MHCD groups. Treatments were administered to these groups for 8 weeks. Subsequently, the 24-h urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and blood albumin levels were measured. Pathological changes and degree of fibrosis in renal tissues were observed, and levels of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway components in renal tissues and TGF-β1 in urinary exosomes were measured. RESULTS Telmisartan and MHCD reduced 24-h urine protein levels, alleviated renal pathological injury, and decreased the renal expression of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen IV in rats with IgA nephropathy. Urinary exosomes were extracted and identified for further investigation of their role in renal fibrosis. MHCD reduced TGF-β1 expression in urinary exosomes and reduced TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 levels in renal tissues. CONCLUSION MHCD alleviated renal fibrosis in rats with IgA nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway through the downregulation of TGF-β1 expression in exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Liusheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuan Si
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ronghai Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Aged Care Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Tan PC, Zhou SB, Ou MY, He JZ, Zhang PQ, Zhang XJ, Xie Y, Gao YM, Zhang TY, Li QF. Mechanical stretching can modify the papillary dermis pattern and papillary fibroblast characteristics during skin regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2384-2394.e8. [PMID: 35181299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical application of mechanical stretching is a reconstructive method for skin repair. Although studies have reported dermal fibroblast heterogeneity, whether stretching affects individual fibroblast subpopulations equally remains unclear. Here, we show the changes in dermal structure and papillary fibroblast (Fp) in regenerated human skin. Exhausted skin regeneration caused dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) flattening, papillary dermis thinning, and an increase in the type III collagen (COL3)/type I collagen (COL1) ratio with upregulated hallmarks of aging. Well-regenerated skin displayed a notable increase in the Fp population. Consistent changes were observed in the rat expansion model. Moreover, we found that TGFβ1 expression was especially increased in skin showing good regeneration. Activation of the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 pathway improved exhausted skin regeneration and resulted in increased collagen content and Fp proliferation, while pharmacological inhibition of TGFβ1 action impacted well-regenerated skin. Short-term mechanical stretching that promoted skin regeneration enhanced Fp proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, and increased TGFβ1 expression, leading to good regeneration. Conversely, long-term stretching induced premature Fp senescence, leading to poor regeneration. This work shows the mechanism of mechanical stretching in well skin regeneration that enhances Fp proliferation and ECM synthesis via the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 pathway, and highlights a crucial role of Fps in stretching-induced skin regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poh-Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Yi Ou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Zhou He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ming Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Feng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Shen W, Huang H, Xue J, Xie ML. Stevioside inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of NRK-52E cells by PPARγ activation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:287-294. [PMID: 35139741 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2039935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stevioside is a natural diterpenoid compound that possesses anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and renal protective effects, but its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells, an important immune pathological mechanism of renal fibrosis, remains unknown. This study employed the renal proximal tubular cells NRK-52E to investigate the effect of stevioside. METHODS The LPS-stimulated renal NRK-52E cells were treated with 50, 100, or 200 μM stevioside in the presence or absence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist GW9662, the expression levels of intracellular E-cadherin, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), PPARγ, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), p-STAT3, Smad2/3, and p-Smad2/3 proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS In LPS-stimulated NRK-52E cells, stevioside treatment could reverse the expressions of EMT-related E-cadherin, vimentin, and α-SMA proteins, increase the expression of PPARγ protein, and decrease the expressions of NF-κB p65, TGF-β1, p-STAT3, Smad2/3, and p-Smad2/3 proteins, especially in the 200 μM stevioside-treated group. However, these beneficial effects of stevioside were attenuated or canceled by pretreatment with PPARγ antagonist GW9662. CONCLUSIONS Stevioside can inhibit the LPS-induced EMT via the reductions of NF-κB, TGF-β1, Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3, and p-STAT3 protein expressions by PPARγ activation in NRK-52E cells, which may provide a pharmacological basis for the potential application of stevioside in the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Lin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Huang K, Luo X, Zhong Y, Deng L, Feng J. New insights into the role of melatonin in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2022; 10:e00904. [PMID: 35005848 PMCID: PMC8929360 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiovascular complications and impaired cardiac function are considered to be the main causes of death in diabetic patients worldwide, especially patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An increasing number of studies have shown that melatonin, as the main product secreted by the pineal gland, plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of diabetes. Melatonin improves myocardial cell metabolism, reduces vascular endothelial cell death, reverses microcirculation disorders, reduces myocardial fibrosis, reduces oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, regulates cell autophagy and apoptosis, and improves mitochondrial function, all of which are the characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This review focuses on the role of melatonin in DCM. We also discuss new molecular findings that might facilitate a better understanding of the underlying mechanism. Finally, we propose potential new therapeutic strategies for patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keming Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Yan Z, Wang G, Shi X. Advances in the Progression and Prognosis Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:785375. [PMID: 34992536 PMCID: PMC8724575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the increasingly serious public health concerns worldwide; the global burden of CKD is increasingly due to high morbidity and mortality. At present, there are three key problems in the clinical treatment and management of CKD. First, the current diagnostic indicators, such as proteinuria and serum creatinine, are greatly interfered by the physiological conditions of patients, and the changes in the indicator level are not synchronized with renal damage. Second, the established diagnosis of suspected CKD still depends on biopsy, which is not suitable for contraindication patients, is also traumatic, and is not sensitive to early progression. Finally, the prognosis of CKD is affected by many factors; hence, it is ineviatble to develop effective biomarkers to predict CKD prognosis and improve the prognosis through early intervention. Accurate progression monitoring and prognosis improvement of CKD are extremely significant for improving the clinical treatment and management of CKD and reducing the social burden. Therefore, biomarkers reported in recent years, which could play important roles in accurate progression monitoring and prognosis improvement of CKD, were concluded and highlighted in this review article that aims to provide a reference for both the construction of CKD precision therapy system and the pharmaceutical research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghong Yan
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guanran Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingyang Shi
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Huang W, Tao Y, Zhang X, Zhang X. TGF-β1/SMADs signaling involved in alleviating inflammation induced by nanoparticulate titanium dioxide in BV2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 80:105303. [PMID: 34990773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There are increasing safety concerns accompanying the widespread use of nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2). It has been demonstrated that nano-TiO2 can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, causing damage to the nervous system, consisting mainly of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Several studies have linked the TGF-β1/SMADs signaling to the development of inflammatory response in various organs. However, no studies have connected the induction of microglial inflammation by nano-TiO2 to this signaling. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of TGF-β1/SMADs signaling in microglia inflammatory response induced by nano-TiO2. The results showed that nano-TiO2 increased the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α) and decreased the expressions of TGF-β1 and SMAD1/2/3 proteins in BV2 cells. When TGF-β1/SMADs signaling was inhibited, the inflammatory effect induced by nano-TiO2 increased, suggesting a suppressive effect of this signaling on the inflammation. In addition, exogenous TGF-β1 upregulated the expressions of TGF-β1 and SMADs1/2/3 proteins as well as decreased the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α) compared to BV2 cells treated with only nano-TiO2. Our results suggest that nano-TiO2 may inhibit the TGF-β1/SMADs signaling by suppressing the intracellular secretion of active TGF-β1, leading to microglial activation and the induction or exacerbation of inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Huang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Tao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
li X, Dong Z, chang H, zhou H, Wang J, Yang Z, Min Q, Bai W, Shi S. Screening and identification of key microRNAs and regulatory pathways associated with renal fibrosis process. Mol Omics 2022; 18:520-533. [DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00498k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To reveal the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. Renal fibrosis was induced with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Related biochemical indices in rat serum were determined, and histopathological morphology observed. Tissue transcriptome...
Collapse
|
86
|
Li J, Cai S, Zeng C, Chen L, Zhao C, Huang Y, Cai W. Urinary exosomal vitronectin predicts vesicoureteral reflux in patients with neurogenic bladders and spinal cord injuries. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:65. [PMID: 34934436 PMCID: PMC8649849 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenic bladder (NGB) is an important complication of urinary tract dysfunction after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, using urodynamics and urography to guide therapy remains invasive and complicated. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify potential noninvasive biomarkers from urinary exosomes that can facilitate diagnosis and guide prognosis of patients with NGB subsequent to SCI. Urinary exosomes were isolated, and their proteome profile was analyzed by mass spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis confirmed the size and morphological characteristics of urinary exosomes. In addition, bioinformatics analysis and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) were used to screen candidate biomarkers. The selected biomarkers were validated using western blotting and ELISA. Mass spectrometry identified 134 upregulated proteins and 99 downregulated proteins between the vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and non-VUR groups. A total of 18 candidate proteins were selected for PRM validation, but only vitronectin (VTN) and α-1 type I collagen (COL1A1) demonstrated significant differences. In the validation experiments using western blotting and ELISA, VTN was exclusively highly expressed in VUR patients compared with non-VUR patients. However, the ELISA results of COL1A1 revealed no significant difference when a larger sample size was used. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve of ELISA-based VTN demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.795 and 80% sensitivity at a threshold set to give 82.9% specificity. Collectively, these results suggested that VTN in urinary exosomes may be used as a biomarker to predict the progression and guide the prognosis of NGB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Li
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China.,School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shiying Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Chunxian Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhi Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China.,School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Nootkatone confers antifibrotic effect by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174479. [PMID: 34480883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with underlying interstitial fibrosis is often associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In the present study, we investigated the renoprotective and antifibrotic potential of nootkatone (NTK), a bioactive sesquiterpene, in an experimental model of renal fibrosis. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model was performed to induce renal fibrosis in Balb/C mice. The animals were randomly assigned into 5 groups: sham, NTK control, UUO control, UUO and NTK 5 mg/kg, and UUO and NTK 10 mg/kg. Animals received NTK at a dose of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg orally for the next 14 consecutive days. UUO induced histological alterations, accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components including collagens, fibronectin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), activation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling and oxidative damage in the obstructed kidneys. Our study revealed that NTK (10 mg/kg) inhibits UUO mediated kidney fibrosis in vivo. Administration of NTK (10 mg/kg) prevented the activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling, expression of ECM components, markedly attenuated the renal tubular injury and fibrosis area (% area: 6.66 ± 1.45% vs UUO: 26.33 ± 2.90%). Administration of NTK at 10 mg/kg significantly restored the endogenous antioxidants and prevented the reactive oxygen species generation (25.31 ± 1.65% vs UUO: 45.01 ± 4.85%) and reduced the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (95.22 ± 12.39 vs UUO: 215.57 ± 60.45 pg/mg protein) in the kidneys. Altogether, our findings suggest that NTK might be a budding therapeutic candidate for renal fibrosis.
Collapse
|
88
|
Liu Z, Ren Y, Meng L, Li L, Beatson R, Deng J, Zhang T, Liu J, Han X. Epigenetic Signaling of Cancer Stem Cells During Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772211. [PMID: 34722553 PMCID: PMC8554148 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors pose a great challenge to human health, which has led to many studies increasingly elucidating the tumorigenic process. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have profound impacts on tumorigenesis and development of drug resistance. Recently, there has been increased interest in the relationship between inflammation and CSCs but the mechanism underlying this relationship has not been fully elucidated. Inflammatory cytokines produced during chronic inflammation activate signaling pathways that regulate the generation of CSCs through epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the effects of inflammation on cancer stem cells, particularly the role of signaling pathways such as NF-κB pathway, STAT3 pathway and Smad pathway involved in regulating epigenetic changes. We hope to provide a novel perspective for improving strategies for tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingfang Meng
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhengzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Henan Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Recent Advances in Diabetic Kidney Diseases: From Kidney Injury to Kidney Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111857. [PMID: 34769288 PMCID: PMC8584225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. The natural history of DKD includes glomerular hyperfiltration, progressive albuminuria, declining estimated glomerular filtration rate, and, ultimately, kidney failure. It is known that DKD is associated with metabolic changes caused by hyperglycemia, resulting in glomerular hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Hyperglycemia is also known to cause programmed epigenetic modification. However, the detailed mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of DKD remain elusive. In this review, we discuss recent advances regarding the pathogenic mechanisms involved in DKD.
Collapse
|
90
|
Mao X, Li H, Ge L, Liu S, Hou L, Yue D, Du H, Pan C, Gan F, Liu Y, Huang K, Chen X. Selenomethionine alleviated Ochratoxin A induced pyroptosis and renal fibrotic factors expressions in MDCK cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22933. [PMID: 34676619 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is universally known to induce nephrotoxicity via inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis, inhibiting protein synthesis and activating autophagy. Our previous studies have proved that OTA induces nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo by adjusting the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Based on these findings, we further investigated the protective role of selenomethionine (SeMet) on OTA-caused nephrotoxicity using the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells as an in vitro model, proposing to offer a new way for remedying OTA-induced nephrotoxicity by nutritional manipulation. We measured the cell vitality, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and the expression of renal fibrotic genes, NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis related genes. MTT and LDH results indicated that SeMet supplementation significantly mitigated 2.0 μg/ml OTA-induced cytotoxicity in MDCK cells (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, SeMet alleviated OTA induced increase of reactive oxygen species in MDCK cells. Then, the expressions of α-SMA, Vimentin, and TGF-β were detected both in mRNA and protein levels. The results indicated 8 μM SeMet supplementation could significantly downregulate the expression of OTA-induced renal fibrosis-related genes (p < 0.05). In addition, the upregulation of OTA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis downstream genes was also significantly inhibited by 8 μM of SeMet (p < 0.05). In summary, SeMet could alleviate OTA-induced renal fibrotic genes expression and reduce NLRP3-caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Therefore, SeMet supplementation may become an effective approach for preserving animals from renal injury exposed to OTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuiping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongmei Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Liang L, Li S, Liu H, Mao Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Peng W, Xiao Y, Zhang F, Shi M, Wang Y, Guo B. Blood glucose control contributes to protein stability of Ski-related novel protein N in a rat model of diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1341. [PMID: 34630695 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ski-related novel protein N (SnoN) negatively regulates the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway and is present at a low level during diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its underlying regulatory mechanism is currently unknown. The present study aimed to assess the effects of insulin-controlled blood glucose on renal SnoN expression and fibrosis in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Streptozotocin-induced DM rats were treated with insulin glargine (INS group) following successful model establishment. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged for biochemical indexes and the kidneys were collected for morphological analysis. In vitro, rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells were treated with high-glucose medium for 24 h and transferred to normal glucose medium for 24 h. The expression levels of TGF-β1, SnoN, Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (Smurf2), Arkadia, Smads, E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen III were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The ubiquitylation of SnoN was detected by immunoprecipitation, and the expression levels of SnoN mRNA were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The biochemical parameters and morphology indicated that renal fibrosis was notable in the DM group and mitigated in the INS group. Compared with the control group, TGF-β1, phosphor (p)-Smad2, p-Smad3, Smurf2 and Arkadia levels were enhanced in the DM group, and the levels of SnoN protein were decreased, whereas the levels of SnoN mRNA and ubiquitylation were increased in renal tissues. Notably, treatment with insulin reversed this trend. Furthermore, changing the glucose levels in the medium from high to normal glucose suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of NRK-52E cells by restoring the SnoN protein levels, and this phenomenon was impaired by the knockout of SnoN. SnoN protein levels were likely reduced through a mechanism enhanced by the ubiquitin proteasome system, which reversed the transcriptional activation of SnoN during DN progression. In addition, controlling blood glucose may delay DN fibrosis by rescuing the protein stability of SnoN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luqun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Huiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yanwen Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Sun CM, Zhang WY, Wang SY, Qian G, Pei DL, Zhang GM. Fer exacerbates renal fibrosis and can be targeted by miR-29c-3p. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1378-1385. [PMID: 34595351 PMCID: PMC8439263 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Renal fibrosis (RF) is a common clinical condition leading to irreversible renal function loss. Tyrosine kinase proteins and microRNAs (miRs) are associated with pathogenesis and we aim to investigate the role of Fer and its partner miR(s) in RF. Method In silico reproduction of Mouse Kidney FibrOmics browser was performed to identify potential miR(s) and target gene(s). In vivo validation was performed in C57BL/6 mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). In vitro validation was performed in rat kidney fibroblast NRK-49F cells. Mimics and inhibitors of miR-29c-3p were constructed. The target gene Fer was monitored by RT-PCR and western blotting. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in serum and media were measured by ELISA. Results The Fer expression and protein level were gradually increased during 14 days of UUO modeling. miR-29c-3p expression was strongly correlated with that of Fer. In vivo validation showed increased expressions of fibrosis-associated genes and increased phospoho-Smad3 level in the UUO model. Fer-knockdown (KD) significantly decreased expressions of fibrosis-associated genes. Pharmaceutical inhibition of Fer showed similar effects to miR-29c-3p, and miR inhibition showed a significant decrease of excretion of inflammatory factors. Conclusion Dysregulation of miR-29c-3p and Fer plays a role in RF. Pharmaceutical or genetic inhibition of Fer may serve as the potential treatment for RF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Min Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Wen-Yi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Dong-Liang Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Guang-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate renal fibrosis via delivery of miR-186-5p. Hum Cell 2021; 35:83-97. [PMID: 34585365 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) therapy has potential application in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, MSCs-derived exosomes can improve the renal function and prevent the progression of CKD. However, the mechanisms by which MSCs-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) ameliorate renal fibrosis in CKD remain largely unclear. To mimic an in vitro model of renal fibrosis, rat kidney tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) were stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. In addition, we established an in vivo model of unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis. Meanwhile, we exploited exosomes derived from MSCs for delivering miR-186-5p agomir into NRK52E cells or kidneys in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that level of miR-186-5p was significantly downregulated in TGF-β1-stimulated NRK52E cells and the obstructed kidneys of UUO mice. In addition, miR-186-5p can be transferred from MSCs to NRK52E cells via exosomes. MSCs-delivered miR-186-5p markedly reduced the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis in TGF-β1-stimulated NRK52E cells. Moreover, exosomal miR-186-5p from MSCs attenuated kidney injury and fibrosis in a UUO mouse model via inhibition of the ECM protein accumulation and EMT process. Meanwhile, dual-luciferase assay showed that miR-186-5p downregulated Smad5 expression via direct binding with the 3'-UTR of Smad5. Collectively then, these findings indicated that exosomal miR-186-5p derived from MSCs could attenuate renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by downregulation of Smad5. These findings may help to understand the role of MSCs' exosomes in alleviating renal fibrosis in CKD.
Collapse
|
94
|
Yan H, Xu J, Xu Z, Yang B, Luo P, He Q. Defining therapeutic targets for renal fibrosis: Exploiting the biology of pathogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112115. [PMID: 34488081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a failed wound-healing process of the kidney tissue after chronic, sustained injury, which is a common pathway and pathological marker of virtually every type of chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of cause. However, there is a lack of effective treatment specifically targeting against renal fibrosis per se to date. The main pathological feature of renal fibrosis is the massive activation and proliferation of renal fibroblasts and the excessive synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited in the renal interstitium, leading to structural damage, impairment of renal function, and eventually end-stage renal disease. In this review, we summarize recent advancements regarding the participation and interaction of many types of kidney residents and infiltrated cells during renal fibrosis, attempt to comprehensively discuss the mechanism of renal fibrosis from the cellular level and conclude by highlighting novel therapeutic targets and approaches for development of new treatments for patients with renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiangxin Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Hu F, Sha W, Dai H, Yang X, Hu P, Chu Y, Qiu X, Bu S. Lower expression of Hsa_circRNA_102682 in diabetic hyperhomocysteinemia negatively related to creatinemia is associated with TGF-β and CTGF. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23860. [PMID: 34296783 PMCID: PMC8373364 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy is a kidney disease caused by long‐term hyperglycemia. Hsa_circRNA_102682 is related to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is related to hypertension and proteinuria, and diabetic nephropathy is mainly manifested by hypertension and proteinuria. The main pathological change in diabetic nephropathy is glomerular fibrosis. Methods This study used serum samples of patients treated at Li Huili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, China, from July 10, 2018 to February 15, 2019. We included 73 patients with diabetes and divided them into a normal‐homocysteine group and a high‐homocysteine group. We selected used quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction to measure Hsa_circRNA_102682 concentration in the serum. Serum transforming growth factor‐beta and connective tissue growth factor levels were tested using ELISA. The Pearson correlation test was used to assess the correlations between Hsa_circRNA_102682, transforming growth factor‐beta, connective tissue growth factor, homocysteine, and creatinine. Result Hsa_circRNA_102682 was significantly lower in diabetic patients with high levels of homocysteine than in those with normal levels of homocysteine, whereas transforming growth factor‐beta and connective tissue growth factor levels were higher in diabetic patients with hyperhomocysteinemia. Hsa_circRNA_102682 was negatively correlated with the levels of transforming growth factor‐beta, connective tissue growth factor, homocysteine, and creatinine. Transforming growth factor‐beta and connective tissue growth factor were both positively correlated with homocysteine and creatinine. Conclusion Low Hsa_circRNA_102682 was associated with high levels of transforming growth factor‐beta and connective tissue growth factor as well as homocysteine and creatinine. These results suggest that Hsa_circRNA_102682 might be related to the pathogenesis of hyperhomocysteinemia in diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, China
| | - Wenxin Sha
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huixue Dai
- Department of endocrinology, Ninghai Chengguan Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiangwei Yang
- Department of endocrinology, Ninghai Chengguan Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of endocrinology, Ninghai Chengguan Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yudong Chu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Aashaq S, Batool A, Mir SA, Beigh MA, Andrabi KI, Shah ZA. TGF-β signaling: A recap of SMAD-independent and SMAD-dependent pathways. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:59-85. [PMID: 34286853 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a proinflammatory cytokine known to control a diverse array of pathological and physiological conditions during normal development and tumorigenesis. TGF-β-mediated physiological effects are heterogeneous and vary among different types of cells and environmental conditions. TGF-β serves as an antiproliferative agent and inhibits tumor development during primary stages of tumor progression; however, during the later stages, it encourages tumor development and mediates metastatic progression and chemoresistance. The fundamental elements of TGF-β signaling have been divulged more than a decade ago; however, the process by which the signals are relayed from cell surface to nucleus is very complex with additional layers added in tumor cell niches. Although the intricate understanding of TGF-β-mediated signaling pathways and their regulation are still evolving, we tried to make an attempt to summarize the TGF-β-mediated SMAD-dependent andSMAD-independent pathways. This manuscript emphasizes the functions of TGF-β as a metastatic promoter and tumor suppressor during the later and initial phases of tumor progression respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabreena Aashaq
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, JK, India
| | - Asiya Batool
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar, JK, India
| | | | | | | | - Zaffar Amin Shah
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, JK, India
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
LncRNA PICSAR binds to miR-485-5p and activates TGF-β1/Smad to promote abnormal proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Med Mol Morphol 2021; 54:337-345. [PMID: 34255190 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore whether LncRNA PICSAR binds to miR-485-5p and thereby activates TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, influencing the abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive deposition of ECM in hypertrophic scar formation. PICSAR and miR-485-5p expressions were detected by qPCR. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8. Protein expressions were determined by western blot. Immunofluorescence detected the Ki-67 expression. Dual-luciferase followed by immunoprecipitation was performed to verify the interaction between PICSAR and miR-485-5p. Interference with PICSAR inhibited the abnormal proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) and the excessive deposition of ECM. It was also confirmed in our study that MiR-485-5p is a direct target of PICSAR in HSFs. Additionally, inhibition of miR-485-5p reversed the effect of PICSAR knockdown in HSFs. LncRNA PICSAR binds to miR-485-5p and thereby activates TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, promoting the abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive deposition of ECM in hypertrophic scar formation.
Collapse
|
98
|
Protective Effect of Joa-Gui Em through the Improvement of the NLRP3 and TLR4/NF- κb Signaling by Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Renal Failure Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7178868. [PMID: 34135984 PMCID: PMC8177998 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7178868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Joa-gui em (, JGE) is known to be effective for treating kidney-yin deficient syndrome. However, there is a lack of objective pharmacological research on improving kidney function. This study was designed to evaluate whether JGE improves renal function and related mechanisms in rats with acute renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The acute renal failure (ARF) group was subjected to reperfusion after inserting a clip into the renal artery for 45 min. The ARF + JGE (100 or 200 mg/kg/day) groups were orally administered for four days after their I/R surgery, respectively. JGE treatment suppressed the increase in kidney size in the ARF animal model and alleviated the polyuria symptoms. In addition, to confirm the effect of improving the kidney function of JGE, lactate dehydrogenase levels, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio, and creatinine clearance were measured. As a result, it decreased in the ARF group but significantly improved in the JGE group. Also, as a result of examining the morphological aspects of renal tissue, it was shown that JGE improved renal fibrosis caused by ARF. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that JGE reduced inflammation through the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, which are the major causes of acute ischemic kidney injury, thereby improving renal function disorder. The JGE has a protective effect by improving the NLRP3 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats with acute renal dysfunction induced by I/R injury.
Collapse
|
99
|
Wu F, Zhao Y, Shao Q, Fang K, Dong R, Jiang S, Lu F, Luo J, Chen G. Ameliorative Effects of Osthole on Experimental Renal Fibrosis in vivo and in vitro by Inhibiting IL-11/ERK1/2 Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646331. [PMID: 34054526 PMCID: PMC8155534 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Natural product, osthole, has been proven to have a protective effect on organ fibrosis, including renal fibrosis. All of these studies are mainly focused on the regulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. However, due to the pleiotropic roles of TGF-β/Smad signaling, direct TGF-β-targeted treatments are unlikely to be therapeutically feasible in clinic. Recently, the downstream IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling of TGF-β has become an attractive therapeutic target without upstream disadvantages. Based on that, this study was designed to identify the potential effects of osthole on IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in renal fibrosis. Methods: The renal fibrosis model was established in vivo and in vitro, we investigated the effects of osthole on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis and TGF-β-induced HK-2 cells. After preliminarily confirming the antifibrogenic effects of osthole and the link between its antifibrogenic effects and the inhibition of IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling, we applied a direct IL-11-induced HK-2 cells fibrosis model to further explore the inhibitory effects of osthole on IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Results: Our results confirmed that osthole can decrease the secretion of fibrosis proteins, such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, and fibronectin, ameliorate experimental renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro, and the effect was associated with suppressing TGF-β1/Smad signaling. More importantly, we found that IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling in UUO-induced renal fibrosis and TGF-β-induced HK-2 cell model was obviously upregulated, and osthole treatment also significantly inhibited the abnormal IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling activation. Given the direct link between TGF-β/Smad signaling and IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, we have verified that osthole has a direct inhibitory effect on IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling independent of TGF-β signaling by using an IL-11-induced HK-2 cells fibrosis model. Osthole treatment decreased the protein expression of α-SMA, collagen I and fibronectin without changing their mRNA levels in IL-11-induced HK-2 cells. Moreover, it was observed that the IL-11/ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, partly blocked the antifibrogenic effects of osthole. Conclusion: In this study, we found that osthole has a previously unrecognized role in inhibiting IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our work demonstrated that the antifibrogenic effect of osthole is not only mediated by TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling, but also directly mediated by IL-11/ERK1/2 signaling pathway independent of TGF-β1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Shao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinlong Luo
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Zou ML, Chen ZH, Teng YY, Liu SY, Jia Y, Zhang KW, Sun ZL, Wu JJ, Yuan ZD, Feng Y, Li X, Xu RS, Yuan FL. The Smad Dependent TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathway in Bone Remodeling and Therapies. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:593310. [PMID: 34026818 PMCID: PMC8131681 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.593310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a continuous process that maintains the homeostasis of the skeletal system, and it depends on the homeostasis between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-absorbing osteoclasts. A large number of studies have confirmed that the Smad signaling pathway is essential for the regulation of osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation during skeletal development, bone formation and bone homeostasis, suggesting a close relationship between Smad signaling and bone remodeling. It is known that Smads proteins are pivotal intracellular effectors for the members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), acting as transcription factors. Smad mediates the signal transduction in TGF-β and BMP signaling pathway that affects both osteoblast and osteoclast functions, and therefore plays a critical role in the regulation of bone remodeling. Increasing studies have demonstrated that a number of Smad signaling regulators have potential functions in bone remodeling. Therefore, targeting Smad dependent TGF-β and BMP signaling pathway might be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy against osteoporosis. This article aims to review recent advances in this field, summarizing the influence of Smad on osteoblast and osteoclast function, together with Smad signaling regulators in bone remodeling. This will facilitate the understanding of Smad signaling pathway in bone biology and shed new light on the modulation and potential treatment for osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Zou
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying-Ying Teng
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Si-Yu Liu
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai-Wen Zhang
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zi-Li Sun
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rui-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|