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Complexes of the fac-{Re(CO)3}+ core with tridentate ligands derived from arylpiperazines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2003.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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52
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Kurti L, Papagiannopoulou D, Papadopoulos M, Pirmettis I, Raptopoulou CP, Terzis A, Chiotellis E, Harmata M, Kuntz RR, Pandurangi RS. Synthesis and characterization of novel 99gTc(V) and Re(V) complexes with water-soluble tetraaza diamido dipyridino ligands: single-crystal X-ray structural investigations of mono- and dinuclear complexes. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:2960-7. [PMID: 12716188 DOI: 10.1021/ic020434q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhenium and technetium are known for their useful applications in nuclear medicine with similar properties. In this study, new diamido dipyridino (N(4)) water-soluble ligands (2-C(5)H(4)NCH(2)NHCO)(2)CH(2), 1 (L(1)H2), (2-C(5)H(4)NNHNHCO)(2)CH(2), 2, and [2-C(5)H(4)N(+)(O)(-)CH(2)NHCO](2)CH(2), 3, were synthesized. Reaction of L(1)H2 with ReOCl(3)(PPh(3))(2) resulted in the novel six-coordinated rhenium(V) complex, trans-ReO(L(1))(OEt), 4. The complex was characterized by spectroscopic methods, and its X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that rhenium is coordinated to four nitrogen atoms of the ligand and to two oxygen atoms from the deprotonated ethanol and the oxo group respectively in a distorted octahedral geometry. In solution, complex 4 was transformed to a new complex 5, which was proved to be the dinuclear complex mu-oxo [ReO(L(1))](2)O. Reaction of 1 with [n-Bu(4)N][ReOCl(4)] resulted in the neutral complex 6, trans-[ReO(L(1))]Cl. Similarly, when ligand 1 was reacted with [n-Bu(4)N][(99g)TcOCl(4)], the neutral trans-[(99)TcO(L(1))]Cl complex 7 was formed, which upon dissolution transformed into a cationic complex 8, trans-[(99)TcO(L(1))(OH(2))](+)Cl(-). The single-crystal X-ray structure of 8 reveals that the coordination sphere about technetium is a distorted octahedron with four nitrogen atoms in the equitorial plane, while doubly bonded oxygen and coordinated water occupy the apical positions. Further dissolution of 8 resulted in the formation of dinuclear mu-oxo [TcO(L(1))](2)O, 9. This study shows that Tc and Re have similar metal core structures in solution for diamido dipyridino systems, besides similarity in geometrical structure, proved by the X-ray structures on the same ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Kurti
- Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Fichna J, Janecka A. Synthesis of target-specific radiolabeled peptides for diagnostic imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2003; 14:3-17. [PMID: 12526687 DOI: 10.1021/bc025542f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fichna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lindleya 6, 90-131 Lodz, Poland
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Banerjee SR, Levadala MK, Lazarova N, Wei L, Valliant JF, Stephenson KA, Babich JW, Maresca KP, Zubieta J. Bifunctional single amino acid chelates for labeling of biomolecules with the [Tc(CO)(3)](+) and [Re(CO)(3)](+) cores. Crystal and molecular structures of [ReBr(CO)(3)(H(2)NCH(2)C(5)H(4)N)], [Re(CO)(3)[(C(5)H(4)NCH(2))(2)NH]]Br, [Re(CO)(3)[(C(5)H(4)NCH(2))(2)NCH(2)CO(2)H]]Br, [Re(CO)(3)[X(Y)NCH(2)CO(2)CH(2)CH(3)]]Br (X = Y = 2-pyridylmethyl; X = 2-pyridylmethyl, Y = 2-(1-methylimidazolyl)methyl; X = Y = 2-(1-methylimidazolyl)methyl), [ReBr(CO)(3)[(C(5)H(4)NCH(2))NH(CH(2)C(4)H(3)S)]], and [Re(CO)(3)[(C(5)H(4)NCH(2))N(CH(2)C(4)H(3)S)(CH(2)CO(2))]]. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:6417-25. [PMID: 12444786 DOI: 10.1021/ic020476e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of a series of potentially tridentate ligands, derived from single amino acids or amino acid analogues, with [NEt(4)](2)[ReBr(3)(CO)(3)] have been investigated. The model compounds [Re(CO)(3)Br[(2-pyridylmethyl)NH(2)]] (1) and [Re(CO)(3)[(2-pyridylmethyl)(2)NH]]Br (2) were also prepared and structurally characterized. With ligands possessing two pyridyl appendages, (2-pyridylmethyl)(2)NX (X = -CH(2)CO(2)H, -CH(2)CO(2)Et, -CH(2)CH(2)CO(2)H, -CH(2)CH(2)CO(2)Et, -CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)CH(NHCO(2)(t)Bu)CO(2)H), complexes of the type [Re(CO)(3)(ligand)]Br (3-6) were isolated. All possess the fac-[Re(CO)(3)N(3)] coordination geometry in the cationic molecular unit. Similarly, the ligands with the imidazolyl arms (2-pyridylmethyl)[2-(1-methylimidazolyl)methyl]NCH(2)CO(2)Et and [2-(1-methylimidazolyl)methyl](2)NCH(2)CO(2)Et, complexes 7 and 8 of the same [Re(CO)(3)(ligand)]Br type, were prepared. Replacement of one pyridyl arm with a thiophene group yielded the complex [Re(CO)(3)[(2-pyridylmethyl)N(CH(2)CO(2))(2-thiophenemethyl)]] (9), while additional substitution of X = -H for -CH(2)CO(2)H yielded [Re(CO)(3)Br[(2-pyridylmethyl)NH(2-thiophenemethyl)]] (10). In both 9 and 10, the thiophene is uncoordinated and pendant, and the derivatives display fac-[Re(CO)(3)N(2)O] and fac-[Re(CO)(3)N(2)Br] coordination geometries, respectively. Crystal data: C(9)H(8)BrN(2)O(3)Re (1), triclinic P1, a = 8.156(1) A, b = 12.077(1) A, c = 12.945(2) A, alpha = 92.183(3) degrees, beta = 107.848(3) degrees, gamma = 100.955(7) degrees, V = 1185.1(3) A, Z = 4; C(15)H(13)BrN(3)O(3)Re (2), tetragonal P4(1), a = 8.6095(3) A, c = 22.228(1) A, V = 1646.9(1) A(3), Z = 4; C(17)H(14)BrN(3)O(5)Re.CH(3)OH (3), monoclinic P2(1)/m, a = 7.4425(3) A, b = 9.7596(4) A, c = 14.0646(6) A, beta = 97.753(1) degrees, V = 1012.26(7) A(3), Z = 2; C(19)H(19)BrN(3)O(5)Re (4), tetragonal P42(1)c, a = 16.895(3) A, c = 15.042(3) A, V = 4293.7(13) A(3), Z = 8; C(18)H(20)BrN(4)O(5)Re.CH(3)OH.H(2)O (7), monoclinic P2(1)/c, a = 10.2816(4) A, b = 30.386(1) A, c = 14.5810(6) A, beta = 99.868(1) degrees, V = 4488.03(3) A(3), Z = 8; C(17)H(21)BrN(5)O(5)Re.0.5CH(2)Cl(2).0.5H(2)O (8), triclinic P1, a = 11.5363(6) A, b = 13.1898(6) A, c = 16.4933(8) A, alpha = 89.356(1) degrees, beta = 74.907(1) degrees, gamma = 76.216(1) degrees, V = 2349.8(2) A(3), Z = 4; C(16)H(13)N(2)O(5)ReS (9), monoclinic P2(1)/c, a = 17.2072(7) A, b = 8.5853(4) A, c = 11.5607(5) A, beta = 101.73(1) degrees, V = 1672.2(1) A(3), Z = 4; and C(14)H(12)N(2)O(3)BrReS (10), triclinic P1, a = 7.5585(3) A, b = 9.7713(4) A, c = 11.7103(4) A, alpha = 109.566(1) degrees, beta = 98.298(1) degrees, gamma = 100.925(1) degrees, V = 779.73(5) A(3), Z = 2.
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Anderson CJ. Metabolism of radiometal-labeled proteins and peptides: what are the real radiopharmaceuticals in vivo? Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2001; 16:451-5. [PMID: 11789022 DOI: 10.1089/10849780152752056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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56
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6-Mercaptomethylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid (MEMNIC): a new reagent for peptide labeling with Tc-99m. Inorganica Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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57
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Hoffman TJ, Quinn TP, Volkert WA. Radiometallated receptor-avid peptide conjugates for specific in vivo targeting of cancer cells. Nucl Med Biol 2001; 28:527-39. [PMID: 11516698 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
New receptor-avid radiotracers are being developed for site-specific in vivo targeting of a myriad of receptors expressed on cancer cells. This review exemplifies strategies being used to design radiometallated peptide conjugates that maximize uptake in tumors and optimize their in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. Efforts to produce synthetic peptide analogues that target the following three receptor systems are highlighted: Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), and guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Hoffman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri and Research Service, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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58
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Femia FJ, Chen X, Babich JW, Zubieta J. Synthesis and characterization of a ‘3+2’ {Re(V)O}3+ core complex carrying the ONS/PO donor atom set. Inorganica Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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59
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99mTc-labeled chemotactic peptides: influence of coligand on distribution of molecular species and infection imaging properties. Synthesis and structural characterization of model complexes with the {Re(η2-HNNC5H4N)(η1-NNC5H4N)} core. Inorganica Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)00255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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60
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Nock B, Pietzsch HJ, Tisato F, Maina T, Leibnitz P, Spies H, Chiotellis E. Oxorhenium mixed-ligand complexes with the 2,6-dimercaptomethylpyridine ligand. Crystal structure of [2,6-dimercaptomethylpyridinato][p-methoxybenzenethiolato]oxorhenium(V). Inorganica Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)00056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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61
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Arterburn JB, Rao KV, Goreham DM, Valenzuela MV, Holguin MS, Hall KA, Ott KC, Bryan JC. Functionalized Rhenium(V) Organoimido Complexes as Potential Radiopharmaceuticals. 2. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Reactivity of N-Succinimidyl Ester Derivatives with Amines. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om990929w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Goswami N, Higginbotham C, Volkert W, Alberto R, Nef W, Jurisson S. Rhodium-105 tetrathioether complexes: radiochemistry and initial biological evaluation. Nucl Med Biol 1999; 26:951-7. [PMID: 10708310 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(99)00070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
105Rhodium(III) complexes with three different acyclic tetrathioether ligands containing pendant carboxylic acid groups have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes were evaluated for stability under physiological conditions and the most promising complexes were evaluated in vivo in normal mice. The primary route of clearance for these complexes was the renal/urinary system, consistent with the presence of pendant carboxylate groups. The results indicate that the cis-[Rh(III)Cl2(2,5,8,11-tetrathiadodecane-1,12-dicarboxylic acid)]+ complex shows the most promising in vivo characteristics on which to base a potential therapeutic radiopharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
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65
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A ‘preformed chelate approach’ model for coupling amine-modified rhenium and technetium ‘3+1’ mixed ligand complexes to carboxylate residues. Polyhedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(99)00286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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66
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Liu S, Edwards DS. 99mTc-Labeled Small Peptides as Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals. Chem Rev 1999; 99:2235-68. [PMID: 11749481 DOI: 10.1021/cr980436l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Liu
- DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Medical Imaging Division, 331 Treble Cove Road, North Billerica, Massachusetts 01862
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67
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Anderson CJ, Welch MJ. Radiometal-labeled agents (non-technetium) for diagnostic imaging. Chem Rev 1999; 99:2219-34. [PMID: 11749480 DOI: 10.1021/cr980451q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C J Anderson
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine 510 S. Kingshighway, Campus Box 8225 St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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68
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Volkert
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211 and Departments of Radiology and Internal Medicine and Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
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69
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Nock B, Maina T, Tisato F, Papadopoulos M, Raptopoulou CP, Terzis A, Chiotellis E. Novel Six-Coordinate Oxorhenium “3 + 2” Mixed-Ligand Complexes Carrying the SNS/PO Donor Atom Set: Synthesis and Characterization. Inorg Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9905796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Nock
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodosia Maina
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Francesco Tisato
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Minas Papadopoulos
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Catherine P. Raptopoulou
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Aris Terzis
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Chiotellis
- Institute of RadioisotopesRadiodiagnostic Products, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece, Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologie Inorganiche e dei Materiali Avanzati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy, and Institute of Materials Science, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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Santimaria M, Blok D, Feitsma RI, Mazzi U, Pauwels EK. Experiments on a new phosphine-peptide chelator for labelling of peptides with Tc-99m. Nucl Med Biol 1999; 26:251-8. [PMID: 10363795 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(98)00106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A phosphine-containing ligand providing a N-[N-[3-(diphenylphosphino)propionyl]glycyl]-L-S-benzyl-cystein (PNNS) donor atomset for the chelation of 99mTc was studied in labelling experiments with a model peptide (tetragastrin, cholecystokinin-fragment). The peptide was conjugated to the ligand chelator by active ester chemistry either before or after radiolabelling. Both the chelator-conjugate and the preformed chelate approaches resulted in the same radiolabelled isomers of the ligand peptide. Sequence and reaction conditions influence yield and purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Santimaria
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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73
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Pérez-Lourido P, Romero J, García-Vázquez JA, Sousa A, Maresca KP, Zubieta J. Synthesis and Characterization of Rhenium(III) Organohydrazide Compounds. Crystal and Molecular Structures of [ReCl(PPh3)2(NHNC5H4N)(HNNC5H4N)]Cl2, [Re{2-(Ph2P)C6H4S}{2-(Ph2PO)C6H4S}(NNC5H4N)(HNNC5H4N)], and [Re{2-(Ph2P)C6H4S}2(NNC5H4N)]. Inorg Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ic980953m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jankowsky R, Friebe M, Noll B, Johannsen B. Determination of dissociation constants of 99mTechnetium radiopharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 1999; 833:83-96. [PMID: 10074702 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)01017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis was applied to investigate pKa values of 99mTc radiotracers used in nuclear medicine. Therefore, the protonation equilibria of the carboxyl groups of 99mTc-mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine (99mTc-MAG3) and 99mTc-ethylenecysteine dimer (99mTc-EC) were studied by pH-dependent determination of electrophoretical velocities. 99mTc-ethylenecysteine dimer diethyl ester (99mTc-ECD) was used as a non-protonable standard. The capillary electrophoresis system was equipped with a radioactivity detector. Measurements were performed using a pressure-driven capillary zone electrophoresis which allowed runs even in the low pH range. For the determination of pKa values, the electrophoretical velocities of the analytes were referred to the electrophoretical velocities of tetraphenyle arsonium chloride as a positively charged marker. Calculation of pKa values was accomplished by non-linear curve fitting of both structure-based equilibria equations and sigmoidal decay functions to the experimental data. 99mTc-MAG3 was shown to have a carboxyl group pKa value of 4.22. The value for the carboxyl groups of 99mTc-EC is 2.90 (determined by structure-based equilibria equations), which represents a common value for both carboxyl groups. By the use of sigmoidal functions, similar values were elucidated. As expected, 99mTc-ECD shows no protonation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jankowsky
- Institut für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf e.V., Dresden, Germany.
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Papadopoulos M, Tsoukalas C, Pirmettis I, Nock B, Maina T, Abedin Z, Raptopoulou CP, Terzis A, Chiotellis E. Synthesis and characterization of five-coordinate rhenium(V) and technetium(V) mixed ligand bifunctional complexes carrying the SNS/S or the SNN/S donor atom set. Crystal structure of ReO{[(C2H5)2NCH2CH2N(CH2CH2S)2](p-H2N–PhS)} and ReO{[(CH2)4NCH2CH2NCH2CH2S](p-H2N–PhS)}. Inorganica Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(98)00330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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76
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Spradau TW, Katzenellenbogen JA. Protein and peptide labeling with (cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonyl rhenium and technetium. Bioconjug Chem 1998; 9:765-72. [PMID: 9815171 DOI: 10.1021/bc980043t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method for labeling proteins and peptides with (methoxycarbonyl cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonyl rhenium and technetium is described. The precursors used for this labeling are conveniently produced from perrhenate and pertechnetate, respectively, using a double ligand transfer reaction. For labeling the lysine residues of the model protein bovine serum albumin, the technetium methyl ester was saponified and then transformed into its N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester. For the labeling of the model peptides leucine enkephalin, substance P, oxytocin, and the tumor imaging/therapy candidate octreotide, the rhenium methyl ester was saponified and activated using either 1-hydoxybenzotriazole or 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole. The activation and peptide-coupling reactions were followed using reversed-phase (C18) HPLC and yields averaged approximately 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Spradau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 461 Roger Adams Laboratory, Box 37-5, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Bodor N, Prokai-Tatrai K, Koltai E, Prokai L. PREPARATION OF O-(3,3,8,10,10-PENTAMETHYL-1,2-DITHIA-5,8-DIAZACYCLODECAN-5-YL)ETHYL O-PIVALOYLOXYMETHYL PHENYLPHOSPHONATE. ORG PREP PROCED INT 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00304949809355318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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78
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Bogdanov A, Petherick P, Marecos E, Weissleder R. In vivo localization of diglycylcysteine-bearing synthetic peptides by nuclear imaging of oxotechnetate transchelation. Nucl Med Biol 1997; 24:739-42. [PMID: 9428599 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A phenomenon of in vivo transchelation of oxotechnetate from a complex with glucoheptonic acid to synthetic peptides bearing oxotechnetate-binding motifs and a technique for in vivo visualization of these peptides are described. Using two model peptides bearing two tandem diglycylcysteine (GGC) motifs (P1) or three GGC motifs (P2), we demonstrated that: (i) these peptides efficiently transchelated oxo-[99mTc]technetate from a complex with glucoheptonic acid in vitro (a complex with peptides was stable at least 24 h; radiochemical purity exceeded 95% by high performance liquid chromatography); (ii) injection of peptides into the rectus femoris muscle (at 0.5-1 micromol of SH groups) followed by an intravenous injection of 99mTc-glucoheptonate (0.25-0.5 mCi per animal) yielded visualization of the injected muscle by nuclear imaging within 1 h after injection; (iii) the experimental/control (contralateral) thigh muscle ratio was 1.80 +/- 0.05 for peptide P1 and 3.0 +/- 0.1 for P2; (iv) the injection of a control peptide P2 with SH groups covalently modified with N-ethylmaleimide resulted in a ratio of 1.4 +/- 0.2. These findings argue for specific association of oxo-[99mTc]technetate with free thiols within the binding motif of injected peptides in vivo. In vivo transchelation of oxo-[99mTc]technetate may be useful for the purpose of noninvasive imaging of gene expression, i.e., when the expression product bears GGC motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bogdanov
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02129, USA
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79
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Hom RK, Katzenellenbogen JA. Technetium-99m-labeled receptor-specific small-molecule radiopharmaceuticals: recent developments and encouraging results. Nucl Med Biol 1997; 24:485-98. [PMID: 9316075 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of technetium-99m-labeled small-molecule radiopharmaceuticals directed at specific high-affinity binding sites, as are found in receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters, transport systems, and certain enzymes, is a natural outgrowth from the successful development of technetium radiopharmaceuticals for imaging flow and metabolism. Although many receptor-specific radiopharmaceuticals labeled with PET and other SPECT isotopes already exist, the low cost and widespread availability of technetium-99m would make their 99mTc-labeled counterparts much more accessible to the medical community. This review has four goals: (a) To survey and analyze critically the results of a flurry of research activity in this area in recent years, which has led to the preparation of a number of novel technetium-labeled radiopharmaceuticals targeted at high-affinity sites, a few of which appear to be very promising; (b) to provide a conceptual analysis of how these agents are being designed; (c) to provide a context in terms of binding and uptake behavior by which these agents should be judged; and (d) to highlight emerging knowledge on the structure of receptors and related high-affinity binding biomolecules and their distribution, which may serve as reference points for understanding the results that have been obtained so far, and may be useful guides for future design.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Hom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA
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80
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Kao CH, Baidoo KE, Lever SZ. Validation and application of a solid phase chemistry method for preparation of high effective specific activity technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals. Nucl Med Biol 1997; 24:499-505. [PMID: 9316076 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Solid phase chemistry with UltraLink Iodoacetyl gel was investigated as a method for removing excess ligand present in preparations of diaminedithiol (DADT) 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals. The process was optimized and tested under 99mTc labeling conditions with 2,2,4,9,9-pentamethyl-4,7-diaza-1,10-decanedithiol (N-methyl-DADT), 1, and 4-(1-(2'-methoxyphenyl) piperazinylbutyl)-2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-4,7-diaza-1,10 -decanedithiol (DADT-4C-MPP), 2, a serotonin receptor-binding ligand. The results illustrated that this gel removed > or = 99.9% excess ligand used in labeling reactions, and was comparable to the level of purification usually obtained by the more labor intensive method of HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-2179, USA
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81
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Arteaga de Murphy C, Meléndez-Alafort L, Martínez-Rivero O, Gómez E, Ferro-Flores G. Phosphine reduced IgG: A new method for99mTc labeling immunoglobulins. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02035345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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82
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Wilson C, McJury M, O'Mahony B, Frier M, Perkins A. Imaging of oily formulations in the gastrointestinal tract. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(96)00493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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83
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Johannsen B, Berger R, Brust P, Pietzsch HJ, Scheunemann M, Seifert S, Spies H, Syhre R. Structural modification of receptor-binding technetium-99m complexes in order to improve brain uptake. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1997; 24:316-9. [PMID: 9143471 DOI: 10.1007/bf01728770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Low brain uptake is a generally accepted problem in developing technetium-99m brain receptor imaging agents. For a class of potential 5-HT2A receptor-binding agents we tried to improve the original low brain uptake of 0.4% injected dose (ID) in rats 5 min p.i. by modifying the lipophilic properties of the molecules. Because of the presence of a protonable nitrogen, which according to the pKa value leads to ionization of the molecule at blood pH, the pKa value was considered to be the parameter most suitable for adjustment of lipophilicity. Insertion of ether-oxygen in the molecule of five candidates lowers the apparent pKa value from 10.0 to 8.3 and dramatically increases the brain uptake to 1.3% ID at 5 min. The direct relationship between brain uptake and apparent pKa cannot be simply explained by the increase in the pKa-governed proportion of the neutral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Johannsen
- Institut für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf e.V., Dresden, Germany
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84
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Li N, Struttman M, Higginbotham C, Grall AJ, Skerlj JF, Vollano JF, Bridger SA, Ochrymowycz LA, Ketring AR, Abrams MJ, Volkert WA. Biodistribution of model 105Rh-labeled tetradentate thiamacrocycles in rats. Nucl Med Biol 1997; 24:85-92. [PMID: 9080479 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(96)00177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
105Rh(III)Cl2 complexes with a limited series of [14]ane- and [16]ane- thia macrocycles were prepared and their biodistributions in Sprague-Dawley rats studied. These studies demonstrate that modifications in the structure and composition of the 105Rh-thia macrocycle complexes produce significant differences in their uptake and retention in both the liver and kidneys. The results indicate that the cis-Rh(III)Cl2-[14]ane thiamacrocycles exhibit less kidney retention than the corresponding trans-Rh(III)Cl2-[16]ane thiamacrocycles. In addition, the presence of a side chain containing a carboxylate group will produce decreased retention of activity in the kidneys. HPLC analysis of urine from these animals indicates no observable in vivo metabolism or dissociation of these chelates in the blood stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
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85
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Arterburn JB, Fogarty IM, Hall KA, Ott KC, Bryan JC. Funktionalisierte Organoimidorhenium(V)-Komplexe als potentielle Radiopharmaka – die Synthese von Glycinderivaten und die strukturelle Charakterisierung eines Rheniumanalogons von Chlorambucil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19961082342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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86
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Lang L, Aloj L, Kiesewetter DO, Jagoda E, Lee JT, Paik CH, Carrasquillo JA, Eckelman WC. A review of new oncotropic tracers for PET imaging. Nucl Med Biol 1996; 23:669-72. [PMID: 8940707 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(96)00064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have developed three biochemical probes to determine if they are sensitive probes of early biochemical change in a tumor. All three probes appear to have the appropriate properties for in vivo imaging, but must now be evaluated as probes for the sensitive detection of changes in early malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lang
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892-1180, USA
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87
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Johannsen B, Scheunemann M, Spies H, Brust P, Wober J, Syhre R, Pietzsch HJ. Technetium(V) and rhenium(V) complexes for 5-HT2A serotonin receptor binding: structure-affinity considerations. Nucl Med Biol 1996; 23:429-38. [PMID: 8832697 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(96)00015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Starting from the lead structure of ketanserin, a prototypic serotonin (5-HT) antagonist, new oxotechnetium(V) and oxorhenium(V) complexes were synthesized that are able to compete with [3H]ketan-serin in receptor-binding assays. To imitate organic 5-HT2 receptor ligands, fragments of ketanserin were combined with chelate moieties. Neutral compounds of the general formula [MOL1L2] (M = Tc, Re; L1 = HS-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-SH, N-(2-mercaptophenyl)salicylideneimine, N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-salicylideneimine, 3-(2-([N,N-bis(2-mercapto-S-ethyl)]-amino)ethyl)-2,4-(1H, 3H)-quinazolinedione and L2 = HS-R with R = subst. alkyl) were prepared by common action of a Tc(V) or Re(V) precursor with a mixture of equimolar amounts of a tridentate ligand L1 and a monodentate thiolate L2 bearing fragments of the lead structure. Lipophilic complexes consisting of a small S4 thiolate/thioether chelate unit, protonable nitrogen-containing spacer, and simple benzyl moiety significantly inhibited the specific binding of [3H]ketan-serin with IC50 values between 10 and 50 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Johannsen
- Forschungszentrum Rossendorf E.V., Institut Für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie, Dresden, Germany
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88
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Hancock RD, Reichert DE, Welch MJ. Molecular Mechanics Force Field for Modeling Technetium(V) Complexes. Inorg Chem 1996; 35:2165-2166. [PMID: 11666407 DOI: 10.1021/ic951422q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Hancock
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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