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Alati S, Singh R, Pomper MG, Rowe SP, Banerjee SR. Preclinical Development in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:663-686. [PMID: 37468417 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Among the various treatment options, radiopharmaceutical therapy has shown notable success in metastatic, castration-resistant disease. Radiopharmaceutical therapy is a systemic approach that delivers cytotoxic radiation doses precisely to the malignant tumors and/or tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are composed of a therapeutic radionuclide and a high-affinity, tumor-targeting carrier molecule. Therapeutic radionuclides used in preclinical prostate cancer studies are primarily α-, β--, or Auger-electron-emitting radiometals or radiohalogens. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody-derived fragments, peptides, and small molecules are frequently used as tumor-targeting molecules. Over the years, several important membrane-associated proteases and receptors have been identified, validated, and subsequently used for preclinical radiotherapeutic development for prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is the most well-studied prostate cancer-associated protease in preclinical literature. PSMA-targeting radiotherapeutic agents are being investigated using high-affinity antibody- and small-molecule-based agents for safety and efficacy. Early generations of such agents were developed simply by replacing radionuclides of the imaging agents with therapeutic ones. Later, extensive structure-activity relationship studies were conducted to address the safety and efficacy issues obtained from initial patient data. Recent regulatory approval of the 177Lu-labeled low-molecular-weight agent, 177Lu-PSMA-617, is a significant accomplishment. Current preclinical experiments are focused on the structural modification of 177Lu-PSMA-617 and relevant investigational agents to increase tumor targeting and reduce off-target binding and toxicity in healthy organs. While lutetium-177 (177Lu) remains the most widely used radionuclide, radiolabeled analogs with iodine-131 (128I), yttrium-90 (89Y), copper-67 (67Cu), and terbium-161 (161Tb) have been evaluated as potential alternatives in recent years. In addition, agents carrying the α-particle-emitting radiohalogen, astatine-211 (211At), or radiometals, actinium-225 (225Ac), lead-212 (212Pb), radium-223 (223Ra), and thorium-227 (227Th), have been increasingly investigated in preclinical research. Besides PSMA-based radiotherapeutics, other prominent prostate cancer-related proteases, for example, human kallikrein peptidases (HK2 and HK3), have been explored using monoclonal-antibody-(mAb)-based targeting platforms. Several promising mAbs targeting receptors overexpressed on the different stages of prostate cancer have also been developed for radiopharmaceutical therapy, for example, Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL-3), CD46, and CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Progress is also being made using peptide-based targeting platforms for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), a well-established membrane-associated receptor expressed in localized and metastatic prostate cancers. Furthermore, mechanism-driven combination therapies appear to be a burgeoning area in the context of preclinical prostate cancer radiotherapeutics. Here, we review the current developments related to the preclinical radiopharmaceutical therapy of prostate cancer. These are summarized in two major topics: (1) therapeutic radionuclides and (2) tumor-targeting approaches using monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, and peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Alati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rajan Singh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD.
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Boinapally S, Alati S, Jiang Z, Yan Y, Lisok A, Singh R, Lofland G, Minn I, Hobbs RF, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Preclinical Evaluation of a New Series of Albumin-Binding 177Lu-Labeled PSMA-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Radiotherapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:6158. [PMID: 37630410 PMCID: PMC10459686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based low-molecular-weight agents using beta(β)-particle-emitting radiopharmaceuticals is a new treatment paradigm for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although results have been encouraging, there is a need to improve the tumor residence time of current PSMA-based radiotherapeutics. Albumin-binding moieties have been used strategically to enhance the tumor uptake and retention of existing PSMA-based investigational agents. Previously, we developed a series of PSMA-based, β-particle-emitting, low-molecular-weight compounds. From this series, 177Lu-L1 was selected as the lead agent because of its reduced off-target radiotoxicity in preclinical studies. The ligand L1 contains a PSMA-targeting Lys-Glu urea moiety with an N-bromobenzyl substituent in the ε-amino group of Lys. Here, we structurally modified 177Lu-L1 to improve tumor targeting using two known albumin-binding moieties, 4-(p-iodophenyl) butyric acid moiety (IPBA) and ibuprofen (IBU), and evaluated the effects of linker length and composition. Six structurally related PSMA-targeting ligands (Alb-L1-Alb-L6) were synthesized based on the structure of 177Lu-L1. The ligands were assessed for in vitro binding affinity and were radiolabeled with 177Lu following standard protocols. All 177Lu-labeled analogs were studied in cell uptake and selected cell efficacy studies. In vivo pharmacokinetics were investigated by conducting tissue biodistribution studies for 177Lu-Alb-L2-177Lu-Alb-L6 (2 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 192 h) in male NSG mice bearing human PSMA+ PC3 PIP and PSMA- PC3 flu xenografts. Preliminary therapeutic ratios of the agents were estimated from the area under the curve (AUC0-192h) of the tumors, blood, and kidney uptake values. Compounds were obtained in >98% radiochemical yields and >99% purity. PSMA inhibition constants (Kis) of the ligands were in the ≤10 nM range. The long-linker-based agents, 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L5, displayed significantly higher tumor uptake and retention (p < 0.001) than the short-linker-bearing 177Lu-Alb-L2 and 177Lu-Alb-L3 and a long polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker-bearing agent, 177Lu-Alb-L6. The area under the curve (AUC0-192h) of the PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor uptake of 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L5 were >4-fold higher than 177Lu-Alb-L2, 177Lu-Alb-L3, and 177Lu-Alb-L6, respectively. Also, the PSMA+ PIP tumor uptake (AUC0-192h) of 177Lu-Alb-L2 and 177Lu-Alb-L3 was ~1.5-fold higher than 177Lu-Alb-L6. However, the lowest blood AUC0-192h and kidney AUC0-192h were associated with 177Lu-Alb-L6 from the series. Consequently, 177Lu-Alb-L6 displayed the highest ratios of AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(blood) and AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(kidney) values from the series. Among the other agents, 177Lu-Alb-L4 demonstrated a nearly similar ratio of AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(blood) as 177Lu-Alb-L6. The tumor-to-blood ratio was the dose-limiting therapeutic ratio for all of the compounds. Conclusions: 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L6 showed high tumor uptake in PSMA+ tumors and tumor-to-blood ratios. The data suggest that linker length and composition can be modulated to generate an optimized therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Suresh Alati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Rajan Singh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Robert F. Hobbs
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Chen Z, Krishnamachary B, Mironchik Y, Ray Banerjee S, Pomper MG, Bhujwalla ZM. PSMA-specific degradable dextran for multiplexed immunotargeted siRNA therapeutics against prostate cancer. Nanoscale 2022; 14:14014-14022. [PMID: 36093754 PMCID: PMC9844541 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02200a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is ideal for gene silencing through a sequence-specific RNA interference process. The redundancy and complexity of molecular pathways in cancer create a need for multiplexed targeting that can be achieved with multiplexed siRNA delivery. Here, we delivered multiplexed siRNA with a PSMA-targeted biocompatible dextran nanocarrier to downregulate CD46 and PD-L1 in PSMA expressing prostate cancer cells. The selected gene targets, PD-L1 and CD46, play important roles in the escape of cancer cells from immune surveillance. PSMA, abundantly expressed by prostate cancer cells, allowed the prostate cancer-specific delivery of the nanocarrier. The nanocarrier was modified with acid cleavable acetal bonds for a rapid release of siRNA. Cell imaging and flow cytometry studies confirmed the PSMA-specific delivery of CD46 and PD-L1 siRNA to high PSMA expressing PC-3 PIP cells. Immunoblot, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry methods confirmed the downregulation of CD46 and PD-L1 following treatment with multiplexed siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Chen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Boinapally S, Lisok A, Lofland G, Minn I, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Shin MJ, Merino VF, Zheng L, Brayton C, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Correction to: Hetero-bivalent agents targeting FAP and PSMA. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4755. [PMID: 36044067 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Jay Shin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa F Merino
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Boinapally S, Lisok A, Lofland G, Minn I, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Shin MJ, Merino VF, Zheng L, Brayton C, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Hetero-bivalent agents targeting FAP and PSMA. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4369-4381. [PMID: 35965291 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We developed a theranostic radiopharmaceutical that engages two key cell surface proteases, fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), each frequently overexpressed within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The latter is also expressed in most prostate tumor epithelium. To engage a broader spectrum of cancers for imaging and therapy, we conjugated small-molecule FAP and PSMA-targeting moieties using an optimized linker to provide 64Cu-labeled compounds. METHODS We synthesized FP-L1 and FP-L2 using two linker constructs attaching the FAP and PSMA-binding pharmacophores. We determined in vitro inhibition constants (Ki) for FAP and PSMA. Cell uptake assays and flow cytometry were conducted in human glioma (U87), melanoma (SK-MEL-24), prostate cancer (PSMA + PC3 PIP and PSMA - PC3 flu), and clear cell renal cell carcinoma lines (PSMA + /PSMA - 786-O). Quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and tissue biodistribution studies were performed using U87, SK-MEL-24, PSMA + PC3 PIP, and PSMA + 786-O experimental xenograft models and the KPC genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer. RESULTS 64Cu-FP-L1 and 64Cu-FP-L2 were produced in high radiochemical yields (> 98%) and molar activities (> 19 MBq/nmol). Ki values were in the nanomolar range for both FAP and PSMA. PET imaging and biodistribution studies revealed high and specific targeting of 64Cu-FP-L1 and 64Cu-FP-L2 for FAP and PSMA. 64Cu-FP-L1 displayed more favorable pharmacokinetics than 64Cu-FP-L2. In the U87 tumor model at 2 h post-injection, tumor uptake of 64Cu-FP-L1 (10.83 ± 1.02%ID/g) was comparable to 64Cu-FAPI-04 (9.53 ± 2.55%ID/g). 64Cu-FP-L1 demonstrated high retention 5.34 ± 0.29%ID/g at 48 h in U87 tumor. Additionally, 64Cu-FP-L1 showed high retention in PSMA + PC3 PIP tumor (12.06 ± 0.78%ID/g at 2 h and 10.51 ± 1.82%ID/g at 24 h). CONCLUSIONS 64Cu-FP-L1 demonstrated high and specific tumor targeting of FAP and PSMA. This compound should enable imaging of lesions expressing FAP, PSMA, or both on the tumor cell surface or within the TME. FP-L1 can readily be converted into a theranostic for the management of heterogeneous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Jay Shin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa F Merino
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Chen Y, Minn I, Rowe SP, Lisok A, Chatterjee S, Brummet M, Banerjee SR, Mease RC, Pomper MG. A Series of PSMA-Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Imaging Agents. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030405. [PMID: 35327597 PMCID: PMC8946146 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized a series of 10 new, PSMA-targeted, near-infrared imaging agents intended for use in vivo for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). Compounds were synthesized from the commercially available amine-reactive active NHS ester of DyLight800. We altered the linker between the PSMA-targeting urea moiety and the fluorophore with a view to improve the pharmacokinetics. Chemical yields for the conjugates ranged from 51% to 86%. The Ki values ranged from 0.10 to 2.19 nM. Inclusion of an N-bromobenzyl substituent at the ε-amino group of lysine enhanced PSMA+ PIP tumor uptake, as did hydrophilic substituents within the linker. The presence of a polyethylene glycol chain within the linker markedly decreased renal uptake. In particular, DyLight800-10 demonstrated high specific uptake relative to background signal within kidney, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These compounds may be useful for FGS in prostate, renal or other PSMA-expressing cancers.
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Banerjee SR, Lisok A, Minn I, Josefsson A, Kumar V, Brummet M, Boinapally S, Brayton C, Mease RC, Sgouros G, Hobbs RF, Pomper MG. Preclinical Evaluation of 213Bi- and 225Ac-Labeled Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds for Radiopharmaceutical Therapy of Prostate Cancer. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:980-988. [PMID: 33246975 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.256388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy is a new option for patients with advanced prostate cancer refractory to other treatments. Previously, we synthesized a β-particle-emitting low-molecular-weight compound, 177Lu-L1 which demonstrated reduced off-target effects in a xenograft model of prostate cancer. Here, we leveraged that scaffold to synthesize α-particle-emitting analogs of L1, 213Bi-L1 and 225Ac-L1, to evaluate their safety and cell kill effect in PSMA-positive (+) xenograft models. Methods: The radiochemical synthesis, cell uptake, cell kill, and biodistribution of 213Bi-L1 and 225Ac-L1 were evaluated. The efficacy of 225Ac-L1 was determined in human PSMA+ subcutaneous and micrometastatic models. Subacute toxicity at 8 wk and chronic toxicity at 1 y after administration were evaluated for 225Ac-L1. The absorbed radiation dose of 225Ac-L1 was determined using the biodistribution data and α-camera imaging. Results: 213Bi- and 225Ac-L1 demonstrated specific cell uptake and cell kill in PSMA+ cells. The biodistribution of 213Bi-L1 and 225Ac-L1 revealed specific uptake of radioactivity within PSMA+ lesions. Treatment studies of 225Ac-L1 demonstrated activity-dependent, specific inhibition of tumor growth in the PSMA+ flank tumor model. 225Ac-L1 also showed an increased survival benefit in the micrometastatic model compared with 177Lu-L1. Activity-escalated acute and chronic toxicity studies of 225Ac-L1 revealed off-target radiotoxicity, mainly in kidneys and liver. The estimated maximum tolerated activity was about 1 MBq/kg. α-Camera imaging of 225Ac-L1 revealed high renal cortical accumulation at 2 h followed by fast clearance at 24 h. Conclusion: 225Ac-L1 demonstrated activity-dependent efficacy with minimal treatment-related organ radiotoxicity. 225Ac-L1 is a promising therapeutic for further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anders Josefsson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert F Hobbs
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Lesniak WG, Wu Y, Kang J, Boinapally S, Ray Banerjee S, Lisok A, Jablonska A, Boctor EM, Pomper MG. Dual contrast agents for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging: evaluation in a murine model of prostate cancer. Nanoscale 2021; 13:9217-9228. [PMID: 33978042 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00669j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for prostate cancer (PC). Poly(amidoamine) [PAMAM] dendrimers serve as versatile scaffolds for imaging agents and drug delivery that can be tailored to different sizes and compositions depending upon the application. We have developed PSMA-targeted PAMAM dendrimers for real-time detection of PC using fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. A generation-4, ethylenediamine core, amine-terminated dendrimer was consecutively conjugated with on average 10 lysine-glutamate-urea PSMA targeting moieties and a different number of sulfo-cyanine7.5 (Cy7.5) near-infrared dyes (2, 4, 6 and 8 denoted as conjugates II, III, IV and V, respectively). The remaining terminal primary amines were capped with butane-1,2-diol functionalities. We also prepared a conjugate composed of Cy7.5-lysine-suberic acid-lysine glutamate-urea (I) and control dendrimer conjugate (VI). Among all conjugates, IV showed superior in vivo target specificity in male NOD-SCID mice bearing isogenic PSMA+ PC3 PIP and PSMA- PC3 flu xenografts and suitable physicochemical properties for FL and PA imaging. Such agents may prove useful in PC cancer detection and subsequent surgical guidance during excision of PSMA-expressing lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech G Lesniak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Yixuan Wu
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. and Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jeeun Kang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. and Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Anna Jablonska
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Emad M Boctor
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. and Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. and Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Banerjee SR, Kumar V, Lisok A, Chen J, Minn I, Brummet M, Boinapally S, Cole M, Ngen E, Wharram B, Brayton C, Hobbs RF, Pomper MG. 177Lu-labeled low-molecular-weight agents for PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2545-2557. [PMID: 31399803 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radiotherapeutic for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with optimized efficacy and minimized toxicity employing the β-particle radiation of 177Lu. METHODS We synthesized 14 new PSMA-targeted, 177Lu-labeled radioligands (177Lu-L1-177Lu-L14) using different chelating agents and linkers. We evaluated them in vitro using human prostate cancer PSMA(+) PC3 PIP and PSMA(-) PC3 flu cells and in corresponding flank tumor models. Efficacy and toxicity after 8 weeks were evaluated at a single administration of 111 MBq for 177Lu-L1, 177Lu-L3, 177Lu-L5 and 177Lu-PSMA-617. Efficacy of 177Lu-L1 was further investigated using different doses, and long-term toxicity was determined in healthy immunocompetent mice. RESULTS Radioligands were produced in high radiochemical yield and purity. Cell uptake and internalization indicated specific uptake only in PSMA(+) PC3 cells. 177Lu-L1, 177Lu-L3 and 177Lu-L5 demonstrated comparable uptake to 177Lu-PSMA-617 and 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in PSMA-expressing tumors up to 72 h post-injection. 177Lu-L1, 177Lu-L3 and 177Lu-L5 also demonstrated efficient tumor regression at 8 weeks. 177Lu-L1 enabled the highest survival rate. Necropsy studies of the treated group at 8 weeks revealed subacute damage to lacrimal glands and testes. No radiation nephropathy was observed 1 year post-treatment in healthy mice receiving 111 MBq of 177Lu-L1, most likely related to the fast renal clearance of this agent. CONCLUSIONS 177Lu-L1 is a viable clinical candidate for radionuclide therapy of PSMA-expressing malignancies because of its high tumor-targeting ability and low off-target radiotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Cole
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ethel Ngen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bryan Wharram
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert F Hobbs
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Banerjee SR, Minn I, Kumar V, Josefsson A, Lisok A, Brummet M, Chen J, Kiess AP, Baidoo K, Brayton C, Mease RC, Brechbiel M, Sgouros G, Hobbs RF, Pomper MG. Preclinical Evaluation of 203/212Pb-Labeled Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds for Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy of Prostate Cancer. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:80-88. [PMID: 31253744 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.229393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (TRT) using α-particle radiation is a promising approach for treating both large and micrometastatic lesions. We developed prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted low-molecular-weight agents for 212Pb-based TRT of patients with prostate cancer (PC) by evaluating the matching γ-emitting surrogate, 203Pb. Methods: Five rationally designed low-molecular-weight ligands (L1-L5) were synthesized using the lysine-urea-glutamate scaffold, and PSMA inhibition constants were determined. Tissue biodistribution and SPECT/CT imaging of 203Pb-L1-203Pb-L5 were performed on mice bearing PSMA(+) PC3 PIP and PSMA(-) PC3 flu flank xenografts. The absorbed radiation dose of the corresponding 212Pb-labeled analogs was determined using the biodistribution data. Antitumor efficacy of 212Pb-L2 was evaluated in PSMA(+) PC3 PIP and PSMA(-) PC3 flu tumor models and in the PSMA(+) luciferase-expressing micrometastatic model. 212Pb-L2 was also evaluated for dose-escalated, long-term toxicity. Results: All new ligands were obtained in high yield and purity. PSMA inhibitory activities ranged from 0.10 to 17 nM. 203Pb-L1-203Pb-L5 were synthesized in high radiochemical yield and specific activity. Whole-body clearance of 203Pb-L1-203Pb-L5 was fast. The absorbed dose coefficients (mGy/kBq) of the tumor and kidneys were highest for 203Pb-L5 (31.0, 15.2) and lowest for 203Pb-L2 (8.0, 4.2). The tumor-to-kidney absorbed dose ratio was higher for 203Pb-L3 (3.2) and 203Pb-L4 (3.6) than for the other agents, but with lower tumor-to-blood ratios. PSMA(+) tumor lesions were visualized through SPECT/CT as early as 0.5 h after injection. A proof-of-concept therapy study with a single administration of 212Pb-L2 demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth in the PSMA(+) flank tumor model. 212Pb-L2 also demonstrated an increased survival benefit in the micrometastatic model compared with 177Lu-PSMA-617. Long-term toxicity studies in healthy, immunocompetent CD-1 mice revealed kidney as the dose-limiting organ. Conclusion: 203Pb-L1-203Pb-L5 demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetics for 212Pb-based TRT. The antitumor efficacy of 212Pb-L2 supports the corresponding 203Pb/212Pb theranostic pair for PSMA-based α-particle TRT in advanced PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anders Josefsson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jian Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ana P Kiess
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert F Hobbs
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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11
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Lesniak WG, Boinapally S, Banerjee SR, Behnam Azad B, Foss CA, Shen C, Lisok A, Wharram B, Nimmagadda S, Pomper MG. Evaluation of PSMA-Targeted PAMAM Dendrimer Nanoparticles in a Murine Model of Prostate Cancer. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2590-2604. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech G. Lesniak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Babak Behnam Azad
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Catherine A. Foss
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Chentian Shen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Bryan Wharram
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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12
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Banerjee SR, Kumar V, Lisok A, Plyku D, Nováková Z, Brummet M, Wharram B, Barinka C, Hobbs R, Pomper MG. Evaluation of 111In-DOTA-5D3, a Surrogate SPECT Imaging Agent for Radioimmunotherapy of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. J Nucl Med 2018; 60:400-406. [PMID: 30237212 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.214403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5D3 is a new high-affinity murine monoclonal antibody specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA is a target for the imaging and therapy of prostate cancer. 111In-labeled antibodies have been used as surrogates for 177Lu/90Y-labeled therapeutics. We characterized 111In-DOTA-5D3 by SPECT/CT imaging, tissue biodistribution studies, and dosimetry. Methods: Radiolabeling, stability, cell uptake, and internalization of 111In-DOTA-5D3 were performed by established techniques. Biodistribution and SPECT imaging were done on male nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice bearing human PSMA(+) PC3 PIP and PSMA(-) PC3 flu prostate cancer xenografts on the upper right and left flanks, respectively, at 2, 24, 48, 72, and 192 h after injection. Biodistribution was also evaluated in tumor-free, healthy male CD-1 mice. Blocking studies were performed by coinjection of a 10-fold and 50-fold excess of 5D3 followed by biodistribution at 24 h to determine PSMA binding specificity. The absorbed radiation doses were calculated on the basis of murine biodistribution data, which were translated to a human adult man using organ weights as implemented in OLINDA/EXM. Results: 111In-DOTA-5D3 was synthesized with specific activity of approximately 2.24 ± 0.74 MBq/μg (60.54 ± 20 μCi/μg). Distribution of 111In-DOTA-5D3 in PSMA(+) PC3 PIP tumor peaked at 24 h after injection and remained high until 72 h. Uptake in normal tissues, including the blood, spleen, liver, heart, and lungs, was highest at 2 h after injection. Coinjection of 111In-DOTA-5D3 with a 10- and 50-fold excess of nonradiolabeled antibody significantly reduced PSMA(+) PC3 PIP tumor and salivary gland uptake at 24 h but did not reduce uptake in kidneys and lacrimal glands. Significant clearance of 111In-DOTA-5D3 from all organs occurred at 192 h. The highest radiation dose was received by the liver (0.5 mGy/MBq), followed by the spleen and kidneys. Absorbed radiation doses to the salivary and lacrimal glands and bone marrow were low. Conclusion: 111In-DOTA-5D3 is a new radiolabeled antibody for imaging and a surrogate for therapy of malignant tissues expressing PSMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Ala Lisok
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Donika Plyku
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Zora Nováková
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Mary Brummet
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Bryan Wharram
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Hobbs
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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13
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Faust HJ, Sommerfeld SD, Rathod S, Rittenbach A, Ray Banerjee S, Tsui BMW, Pomper M, Amzel ML, Singh A, Elisseeff JH. A hyaluronic acid binding peptide-polymer system for treating osteoarthritis. Biomaterials 2018; 183:93-101. [PMID: 30149233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found naturally in synovial fluid and is utilized therapeutically to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we employed a peptide-polymer cartilage coating platform to localize HA to the cartilage surface for the purpose of treating post traumatic osteoarthritis. The objective of this study was to increase efficacy of the peptide-polymer platform in reducing OA progression in a mouse model of post-traumatic OA without exogenous HA supplementation. The peptide-polymer is composed of an HA-binding peptide (HABP) conjugated to a heterobifunctional poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain and a collagen binding peptide (COLBP). We created a library of different peptide-polymers and characterized their HA binding properties in vitro using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) and isothermal calorimetry (ITC). The peptide polymers were further tested in vivo in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) murine model of post traumatic OA. The peptide-polymer with the highest affinity to HA as tested by QCM-D (∼4-fold greater binding compared to other peptides tested) and by ITC (∼3.8-fold) was HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP. Biotin tagging demonstrated that HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP localizes to both cartilage defects and synovium. In vivo, HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP treatment and the clinical HA comparator Orthovisc lowered levels of inflammatory genes including IL-6, IL-1B, and MMP13 compared to saline treated animals and increased aggrecan expression in young mice. HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP and Orthovisc also reduced pain as measured by incapacitance and hotplate testing. Cartilage degeneration as measured by OARSI scoring was also reduced by HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP and Orthovisc. In aged mice, HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP therapeutic efficacy was similar to its efficacy in young mice, but Orthovisc was less efficacious and did not significantly improve OARSI scoring. These results demonstrate that HABP2-8-arm PEG-COLBP is effective at reducing PTOA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Faust
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sven D Sommerfeld
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sona Rathod
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andrew Rittenbach
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | | | - Benjamin M W Tsui
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Martin Pomper
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Mario L Amzel
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Anirudha Singh
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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14
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Banerjee SR, Song X, Yang X, Minn I, Lisok A, Chen Y, Bui A, Chatterjee S, Chen J, van Zijl PCM, McMahon MT, Pomper MG. Salicylic Acid-Based Polymeric Contrast Agents for Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Chemistry 2018; 24:7235-7242. [PMID: 29508450 PMCID: PMC5980787 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an innovative molecular imaging technique in which contrast agents are labeled by saturating their exchangeable proton spins by radio-frequency irradiation. Salicylic acid and its analogues are a promising class of highly sensitive, diamagnetic CEST agents. Herein, polymeric agents grafted with salicylic acid moieties and a known high-affinity ligand targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen in approximately 10:1 molar ratio were synthesized to provide sufficient MRI sensitivity and receptor specificity. The proton-exchange properties of the contrast agent in solution and in an experimental murine model are reported to demonstrate the feasibility of receptor-targeted CEST MRI of prostate cancer. Furthermore, the CEST imaging data were validated with an 111 In-labeled analogue of the agent by in vivo single photon emission computed tomographic imaging and tissue biodistribution studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xing Yang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Yanrong Chen
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Albert Bui
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Samit Chatterjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Jian Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287
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15
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Minn I, Koo SM, Lee HS, Brummet M, Rowe SP, Gorin MA, Sysa-Shah P, Lewis WD, Ahn HH, Wang Y, Banerjee SR, Mease RC, Nimmagadda S, Allaf ME, Pomper MG, Yang X. [64Cu]XYIMSR-06: A dual-motif CAIX ligand for PET imaging of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56471-56479. [PMID: 27437764 PMCID: PMC5302928 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a cell surface enzyme that is over-expressed in approximately 95% of cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common renal cancer. We synthesized and performed in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a dual-motif ligand, [64Cu]XYIMSR-06, for imaging CAIX expression on ccRCC tumors using positron emission tomography (PET). [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 was generated in yields of 51.0 ± 4.5% (n=5) and specific activities of 4.1 - 8.9 GBq/μmol (110-240 Ci/mmol). Tumor was visualized on PET images by 1 h post-injection with high tumor-to-background levels (>100 tumor-to-blood and -muscle) achieved within 24 h. Biodistribution studies demonstrated a maximum tumor uptake of 19.3% injected dose per gram of radioactivity at 4 h. Tumor-to-blood, -muscle and -kidney ratios were 129.6 ± 18.8, 84.3 ± 21.0 and 2.1 ± 0.3, respectively, at 8 h post-injection. At 24 h a tumor-to-kidney ratio of 7.1 ± 2.5 was achieved. These results indicate pharmacokinetics superior to those of previously reported imaging agents binding to CAIX. [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 is a new low-molecular-weight PET ligand targeting CAIX, which can image localized and metastatic ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Soo Min Koo
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hye Soo Lee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Gorin
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Polina Sysa-Shah
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William D Lewis
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hye-Hyun Ahn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohamad E Allaf
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xing Yang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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16
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Liu G, Banerjee SR, Yang X, Yadav N, Lisok A, Jablonska A, Xu J, Li Y, Pomper MG, van Zijl P. A dextran-based probe for the targeted magnetic resonance imaging of tumours expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen. Nat Biomed Eng 2017; 1:977-982. [PMID: 29456877 PMCID: PMC5810963 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Safe imaging agents able to render the expression and distribution of cancer receptors, enzymes or other biomarkers would facilitate clinical screening of the disease. Here, we show that diamagnetic dextran particles coordinated to a urea-based targeting ligand for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) enable targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the PSMA receptor. In a xenograft model of prostate cancer, micromolar concentrations of the dextran –ligand probe provided sufficient signal to specifically detect PSMA-expressing tumours via chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI. The dextran-based probe could be detected via the contrast originating from dextran hydroxyl protons, thereby avoiding the need of chemical substitution for radioactive or metallic labelling. Because dextrans are currently used clinically, dextran-based contrast agents may help extend receptor-targeted imaging to clinical MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nirbhay Yadav
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ala Lisok
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Jablonska
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuguo Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Chatterjee S, Banerjee K, Pandit D, Roy P, Bandyopadhyay T, Ravishankar R, Bhattacharya C, Bhattacharya S, Datta D, Banerjee SR. Optimization of beam dump shielding for K-130 cyclotron at VECC. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 128:216-223. [PMID: 28738250 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A compact and efficient beam dump shield has been designed using Monte Carlo simulation code FLUKA to facilitate low background measurement of neutron and gamma rays using K130 cyclotron at Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata (VECC). Iron, lead and high density Polyethylene (HDPE) were considered in the design of the beam dump shield. Representative FLUKA simulation results have been validated using in-beam experiment performed on the same beam dump constituents. Experimental neutron and gamma-rays energy spectra have been found to be in fair agreement with the simulation results. Activation of various beam dump shield components were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chatterjee
- HS&E Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - K Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Deepak Pandit
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Pratap Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - T Bandyopadhyay
- HS&E Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - R Ravishankar
- HS&E Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - C Bhattacharya
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | - D Datta
- HS&E Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400094, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S R Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400085, India
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18
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Mondal D, Pandit D, Mukhopadhyay S, Pal S, Dey B, Bhattacharya S, De A, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharyya S, Roy P, Banerjee K, Banerjee SR. Experimental Determination of η/s for Finite Nuclear Matter. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:192501. [PMID: 28548517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.192501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present, for the first time, simultaneous determination of shear viscosity (η) and entropy density (s) and thus, η/s for equilibrated nuclear systems from A∼30 to A∼208 at different temperatures. At finite temperature, η is estimated by utilizing the γ decay of the isovector giant dipole resonance populated via fusion evaporation reaction, while s is evaluated from the nuclear level density parameter (a) and nuclear temperature (T), determined precisely by the simultaneous measurements of the evaporated neutron energy spectra and the compound nuclear angular momenta. The transport parameter η and the thermodynamic parameter s both increase with temperature, resulting in a mild decrease of η/s with temperature. The extracted η/s is also found to be independent of the neutron-proton asymmetry at a given temperature. Interestingly, the measured η/s values are comparable to that of the high-temperature quark-gluon plasma, pointing towards the fact that strong fluidity may be the universal feature of the strong interaction of many-body quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Mondal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Deepak Pandit
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
| | - S Mukhopadhyay
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Surajit Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
| | - Balaram Dey
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400005, India
| | - Srijit Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, Barasat Government College, Barasat, N 24 Pgs, Kolkata-700124, India
| | - A De
- Department of Physics, Raniganj Girls' College, Raniganj-713358, India
| | - Soumik Bhattacharya
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - S Bhattacharyya
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Pratap Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - K Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - S R Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF-Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
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19
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Li M, Banerjee SR, Zheng C, Pomper MG, Barman I. Ultrahigh affinity Raman probe for targeted live cell imaging of prostate cancer. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6779-6785. [PMID: 28451123 PMCID: PMC5356002 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01739h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise visualization of tumor margins with characterization of microscopic tumor invasion are unmet needs in prostate oncology that demand approaches with high sensitivity and specificity. To address those needs we report surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based optical imaging for prostate cancer using a combination of live cell Raman microscopy, optimally engineered SERS tags and a urea-based small-molecule inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a targeting moiety. We develop gold nanostar based SERS agents that offer ultrahigh binding affinity to PSMA with nearly four orders of magnitude lower IC50 values in relation to existing clinical imaging agents. This combination enables selective recognition of prostate cancer cells, and facilitates quantitative and photostable Raman measurements. Using Raman microscopy to analyze phenotypically similar prostate cancer cell lines differing only in PSMA expression, we demonstrate facile, site-selective recognition using as low as 20 pM of the SERS agent for imaging, opening the door for spectroscopic detection of prostate and other PSMA-expressing tumors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USA . ;
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , USA .
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , USA
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USA . ;
- Department of Breast Surgery , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 25000 , China
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , USA .
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , USA
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USA . ;
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , USA .
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20
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Yang X, Minn I, Rowe SP, Banerjee SR, Gorin MA, Brummet M, Lee HS, Koo SM, Sysa-Shah P, Mease RC, Nimmagadda S, Allaf ME, Pomper MG. Imaging of carbonic anhydrase IX with an 111In-labeled dual-motif inhibitor. Oncotarget 2016; 6:33733-42. [PMID: 26418876 PMCID: PMC4741798 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a new scaffold for radionuclide-based imaging and therapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Compound XYIMSR-01, a DOTA-conjugated, bivalent, low-molecular-weight ligand, has two moieties that target two separate sites on CAIX, imparting high affinity. We synthesized [111In]XYIMSR-01 in 73.8–75.8% (n = 3) yield with specific radioactivities ranging from 118 – 1,021 GBq/μmol (3,200–27,600 Ci/mmol). Single photon emission computed tomography of [111In]XYIMSR-01 in immunocompromised mice bearing CAIX-expressing SK-RC-52 tumors revealed radiotracer uptake in tumor as early as 1 h post-injection. Biodistribution studies demonstrated 26% injected dose per gram of radioactivity within tumor at 1 h. Tumor-to-blood, muscle and kidney ratios were 178.1 ± 145.4, 68.4 ± 29.0 and 1.7 ± 1.2, respectively, at 24 h post-injection. Retention of radioactivity was exclusively observed in tumors by 48 h, the latest time point evaluated. The dual targeting strategy to engage CAIX enabled specific detection of ccRCC in this xenograft model, with pharmacokinetics surpassing those of previously described radionuclide-based probes against CAIX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Gorin
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hye Soo Lee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Soo Min Koo
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Polina Sysa-Shah
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohamad E Allaf
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Ray Banerjee S, Chen Z, Pullambhatla M, Lisok A, Chen J, Mease RC, Pomper MG. Preclinical Comparative Study of (68)Ga-Labeled DOTA, NOTA, and HBED-CC Chelated Radiotracers for Targeting PSMA. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1447-55. [PMID: 27076393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(68)Ga-labeled, low-molecular-weight imaging agents that target the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are increasingly used clinically to detect prostate and other cancers with positron emission tomography (PET). The goal of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of three PSMA-targeted radiotracers: (68)Ga-1, using DOTA-monoamide as the chelating agent; (68)Ga-2, containing the macrocyclic chelating agent p-SCN-Bn-NOTA; and (68)Ga-DKFZ-PSMA-11, currently in clinical trials, which uses the acyclic chelating agent, HBED-CC. The PSMA-targeting scaffold for all three agents utilized a similar Glu-urea-Lys-linker construct. Each radiotracer enabled visualization of PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor, kidney, and urinary bladder as early as 15 min post-injection using small animal PET/computed tomography (PET/CT). (68)Ga-2 demonstrated the fastest rate of clearance from all tissues in this series and displayed higher uptake in PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor compared to (68)Ga-1 at 1 h post-injection. There was no significant difference in PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor uptake for the three agents at 2 and 3 h post-injection. (68)Ga-DKFZ-PSMA-11 demonstrated the highest uptake and retention in normal tissues, including kidney, blood, spleen, and salivary glands and PSMA-negative PC3 flu tumors up to 3 h post-injection. In this preclinical evaluation (68)Ga-2 had the most advantageous characteristics for PSMA-targeted PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Zhengping Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Mrudula Pullambhatla
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Jian Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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22
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Yang X, Song X, Ray Banerjee S, Li Y, Byun Y, Liu G, Bhujwalla ZM, Pomper MG, McMahon MT. Developing imidazoles as CEST MRI pH sensors. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2016; 11:304-12. [PMID: 27071959 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of intra-molecular hydrogen bonded imidazoles and related heterocyclic compounds were screened for their N-H chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast properties. Of the compounds, imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamides (I45DCs) were found to provide the strongest contrast, with the contrast produced at a large chemical shift from water (7.8 ppm) and strongly dependent on pH. We have tested several probes based on this scaffold, and demonstrated that these probes could be applied for in vivo detection of kidney pH after intravenous administration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuguo Li
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael T McMahon
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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23
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Zhu C, Bandekar A, Sempkowski M, Banerjee SR, Pomper MG, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Sofou S. Nanoconjugation of PSMA-Targeting Ligands Enhances Perinuclear Localization and Improves Efficacy of Delivered Alpha-Particle Emitters against Tumor Endothelial Analogues. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 15:106-113. [PMID: 26586724 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect on killing efficacy of the intracellular trafficking patterns of α-particle emitters by using different radionuclide carriers in the setting of targeted antivascular α-radiotherapy. Nanocarriers (lipid vesicles) targeted to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is unique to human neovasculature for a variety of solid tumors, were loaded with the α-particle generator actinium-225 and were compared with a PSMA-targeted radiolabeled antibody. Actinium-225 emits a total of four α-particles per decay, providing highly lethal and localized irradiation of targeted cells with minimal exposure to surrounding healthy tissues. Lipid vesicles were derivatized with two types of PSMA-targeting ligands: a fully human PSMA antibody (mAb) and a urea-based, low-molecular-weight agent. Target selectivity and extent of internalization were evaluated on monolayers of human endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced to express PSMA in static incubation conditions and in a flow field. Both types of radiolabeled PSMA-targeted vesicles exhibit similar killing efficacy, which is greater than the efficacy of the radiolabeled control mAb when compared on the basis of delivered radioactivity per cell. Fluorescence confocal microscopy demonstrates that targeted vesicles localize closer to the nucleus, unlike antibodies which localize near the plasma membrane. In addition, targeted vesicles cause larger numbers of dsDNAs per nucleus of treated cells compared with the radiolabeled mAb. These findings demonstrate that radionuclide carriers, such as PSMA-targeted lipid-nanocarriers, which localize close to the nucleus, increase the probability of α-particle trajectories crossing the nuclei, and, therefore, enhance the killing efficacy of α-particle emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Amey Bandekar
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Michelle Sempkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stavroula Sofou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
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24
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Josefsson A, Nedrow JR, Park S, Banerjee SR, Rittenbach A, Jammes F, Tsui B, Sgouros G. Imaging, Biodistribution, and Dosimetry of Radionuclide-Labeled PD-L1 Antibody in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2015; 76:472-9. [PMID: 26554829 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) participates in an immune checkpoint system involved in preventing autoimmunity. PD-L1 is expressed on tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and other cells in the tumor microenvironment. Anti-PD-L1 antibodies are active against a variety of cancers, and combined anti-PD-L1 therapy with external beam radiotherapy has been shown to increase therapeutic efficacy. PD-L1 expression status is an important indicator of prognosis and therapy responsiveness, but methods to precisely capture the dynamics of PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment are still limited. In this study, we developed a murine anti-PD-L1 antibody conjugated to the radionuclide Indium-111 ((111)In) for imaging and biodistribution studies in an immune-intact mouse model of breast cancer. The distribution of (111)In-DTPA-anti-PD-L1 in tumors as well as the spleen, liver, thymus, heart, and lungs peaked 72 hours after injection. Coinjection of labeled and 100-fold unlabeled antibody significantly reduced spleen uptake at 24 hours, indicating that an excess of unlabeled antibody effectively blocked PD-L1 sites in the spleen, thus shifting the concentration of (111)In-DTPA-anti-PD-L1 into the blood stream and potentially increasing tumor uptake. Clearance of (111)In-DTPA-anti-PD-L1 from all organs occurred at 144 hours. Moreover, dosimetry calculations revealed that radionuclide-labeled anti-PD-L1 antibody yielded tolerable projected marrow doses, further supporting its use for radiopharmaceutical therapy. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the feasibility of using anti-PD-L1 antibody for radionuclide imaging and radioimmunotherapy and highlight a new opportunity to optimize and monitor the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Josefsson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessie R Nedrow
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sunju Park
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Rittenbach
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fabien Jammes
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Tsui
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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25
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Kiess AP, Banerjee SR, Mease RC, Rowe SP, Rao A, Foss CA, Chen Y, Yang X, Cho SY, Nimmagadda S, Pomper MG. Prostate-specific membrane antigen as a target for cancer imaging and therapy. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 59:241-68. [PMID: 26213140 PMCID: PMC4859214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a molecular target whose use has resulted in some of the most productive work toward imaging and treating prostate cancer over the past two decades. A wide variety of imaging agents extending from intact antibodies to low-molecular-weight compounds permeate the literature. In parallel there is a rapidly expanding pool of antibody-drug conjugates, radiopharmaceutical therapeutics, small-molecule drug conjugates, theranostics and nanomedicines targeting PSMA. Such productivity is motivated by the abundant expression of PSMA on the surface of prostate cancer cells and within the neovasculature of other solid tumors, with limited expression in most normal tissues. Animating the field is a variety of small-molecule scaffolds upon which the radionuclides, drugs, MR-detectable species and nanoparticles can be placed with relative ease. Among those, the urea-based agents have been most extensively leveraged, with expanding clinical use for detection and more recently for radiopharmaceutical therapy of prostate cancer, with surprisingly little toxicity. PSMA imaging of other cancers is also appearing in the clinical literature, and may overtake FDG for certain indications. Targeting PSMA may provide a viable alternative or first-line approach to managing prostate and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Kiess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA -
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Banerjee SR, Ngen EJ, Rotz MW, Kakkad S, Lisok A, Pracitto R, Pullambhatla M, Chen Z, Shah T, Artemov D, Meade TJ, Bhujwalla ZM, Pomper MG. Synthesis and Evaluation of GdIII-Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Banerjee SR, Ngen EJ, Rotz MW, Kakkad S, Lisok A, Pracitto R, Pullambhatla M, Chen Z, Shah T, Artemov D, Meade TJ, Bhujwalla ZM, Pomper MG. Synthesis and Evaluation of Gd(III) -Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [PMID: 26212031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is advantageous because it concurrently provides anatomic, functional, and molecular information. MR molecular imaging can combine the high spatial resolution of this established clinical modality with molecular profiling in vivo. However, as a result of the intrinsically low sensitivity of MR imaging, high local concentrations of biological targets are required to generate discernable MR contrast. We hypothesize that the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), an attractive target for imaging and therapy of prostate cancer, could serve as a suitable biomarker for MR-based molecular imaging. We have synthesized three new high-affinity, low-molecular-weight Gd(III) -based PSMA-targeted contrast agents containing one to three Gd(III) chelates per molecule. We evaluated the relaxometric properties of these agents in solution, in prostate cancer cells, and in an in vivo experimental model to demonstrate the feasibility of PSMA-based MR molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA).
| | - Ethel J Ngen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Matthew W Rotz
- Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Samata Kakkad
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Ala Lisok
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Richard Pracitto
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Mrudula Pullambhatla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Zhengping Chen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Tariq Shah
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Thomas J Meade
- Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
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Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of self-assembling dual-modality molecular probes containing both a fluorophore for optical imaging and a metal ion chelator for imaging with MRI or radionuclide methods. These molecular probes can spontaneously associate into spherical nanoparticles under physiological conditions. We demonstrate the use of these supramolecular nanoprobes for live-cell optical imaging, as well as their potential use as MRI contrast agents after complexation with gadolinium. Our results suggest that self-assembly into supramolecular nanoprobes presents an effective means to enhance and tune the relaxivities of molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Banerjee SR, Foss CA, Pullambhatla M, Wang Y, Srinivasan S, Hobbs RF, Baidoo KE, Brechbiel MW, Nimmagadda S, Mease RC, Sgouros G, Pomper MG. Preclinical evaluation of 86Y-labeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen for dosimetry estimates. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:628-34. [PMID: 25722448 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.149062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED (86)Y (half-life = 14.74 h, 33% β(+)) is within an emerging class of positron-emitting isotopes with relatively long physical half-lives that enables extended imaging of biologic processes. We report the synthesis and evaluation of 3 low-molecular-weight compounds labeled with (86)Y for imaging the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) using PET. Impetus for the study derives from the need to perform dosimetry estimates for the corresponding (90)Y-labeled radiotherapeutics. METHODS Multistep syntheses were used in preparing (86)Y- 4: - 6: PSMA inhibition constants were evaluated by competitive binding assay. In vivo characterization using tumor-bearing male mice was performed by PET/CT for (86)Y- 4: - 6: and by biodistribution studies of (86)Y- 4: and (86)Y- 6: out to 24 h after injection. Quantitative whole-body PET scans were recorded to measure the kinetics for 14 organs in a male baboon using (86)Y- 6 RESULTS: Compounds (86)Y- 4: - 6: were obtained in high radiochemical yield and purity, with specific radioactivities of more than 83.92 GBq/μmol. PET imaging and biodistribution studies using PSMA-positive PC-3 PIP and PSMA-negative PC-3 flu tumor-bearing mice revealed that (86)Y- 4-6: had high site-specific uptake in PSMA-positive PC-3 PIP tumor starting at 20 min after injection and remained high at 24 h. Compound (86)Y- 6: demonstrated the highest tumor uptake and retention, with 32.17 ± 7.99 and 15.79 ± 6.44 percentage injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 5 and 24 h, respectively. Low activity concentrations were associated with blood and normal organs, except for the kidneys, a PSMA-expressing tissue. PET imaging in baboons reveals that all organs have a 2-phase (rapid and slow) clearance, with the highest uptake (8 %ID/g) in the kidneys at 25 min. The individual absolute uptake kinetics were used to calculate radiation doses using the OLINDA/EXM software. The highest mean absorbed dose was received by the renal cortex, with 1.9 mGy per MBq of (86)Y- 6: CONCLUSION Compound (86)Y- 6: is a promising candidate for quantitative PET imaging of PSMA-expressing tumors. Dosimetry calculations indicate promise for future (90)Y or other radiometals that could use a similar chelator/scaffold combination for radiopharmaceutical therapy based on the structure of 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Catherine A Foss
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Mrudula Pullambhatla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Senthamizhchelvan Srinivasan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Robert F Hobbs
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | | | | | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - George Sgouros
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Yang X, Yadav NN, Song X, Banerjee SR, Edelman H, Minn I, van Zijl PCM, Pomper MG, McMahon MT. Tuning phenols with Intra-Molecular bond Shifted HYdrogens (IM-SHY) as diaCEST MRI contrast agents. Chemistry 2014; 20:15824-32. [PMID: 25302635 PMCID: PMC4309366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The optimal exchange properties for chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents on 3 T clinical scanners were characterized using continuous wave saturation transfer, and it was demonstrated that the exchangeable protons in phenols can be tuned to reach these criteria through proper ring substitution. Systematic modification allows the chemical shift of the exchangeable protons to be positioned between 4.8 to 12 ppm from water and enables adjustment of the proton exchange rate to maximize CEST contrast at these shifts. In particular, 44 hydrogen-bonded phenols are investigated for their potential as CEST MRI contrast agents and the stereoelectronic effects on their CEST properties are summarized. Furthermore, a pair of compounds, 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid and 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalic acid, were identified which produce the highest sensitivity through incorporating two exchangeable protons per ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Nirbhay N. Yadav
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave. Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Xiaolei Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave. Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Hannah Edelman
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Il Minn
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave. Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave. Baltimore, MD 21287 (USA)
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Song X, Yang X, Ray Banerjee S, Pomper MG, McMahon MT. Anthranilic acid analogs as diamagnetic CEST MRI contrast agents that feature an intramolecular-bond shifted hydrogen. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2014; 10:74-80. [PMID: 24771546 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diamagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (diaCEST) agents are a new class of imaging agents, which have unique magnetic resonance (MR) properties similar to agents used for optical imaging. Here we present a series of anthranilic acid analogs as examples of diaCEST agents that feature an exchangeable proton shifted downfield, namely, an intramolecular-bond shifted hydrogen (IM-SHY), which produces significant and tunable contrast at frequencies of 4.8-9.3 ppm from water. Five analogs of N-sulfonyl anthranilic acids are all highly soluble and produced similar CEST contrast at ~6-8 ppm. We also discovered that flufenamic acid, a commercial nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, displayed CEST contrast at 4.8 ppm. For these N-H IM-SHY agents, the contrast produced was insensitive to pH, making them complementary to existing diaCEST probes. This initial IM-SHY library includes the largest reported shifts for N-H protons on small organic diaCEST agents, and should find use as multifrequency MR agents for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Song
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Foss CA, Nimmagadda S, Ferdani R, Anderson CJ, Mease RC, Pomper MG. ⁶⁴Cu-labeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen for PET imaging of prostate cancer. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2657-69. [PMID: 24533799 PMCID: PMC3983358 DOI: 10.1021/jm401921j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Prostate-specific
membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well-recognized
target for identification and therapy of a variety of cancers. Here
we report five 64Cu-labeled inhibitors of PSMA, [64Cu]3–7, which are based on the lysine–glutamate
urea scaffold and utilize a variety of macrocyclic chelators, namely
NOTA(3), PCTA(4), Oxo-DO3A(5), CB-TE2A(6), and DOTA(7), in an effort
to determine which provides the most suitable pharmacokinetics for
in vivo PET imaging. [64Cu]3–7 were prepared in high radiochemical yield (60–90%)
and purity (>95%). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies
of [64Cu]3–7 revealed
specific accumulation in PSMA-expressing xenografts (PSMA+ PC3 PIP)
relative to isogenic control tumor (PSMA– PC3 flu) and background
tissue. The favorable kinetics and high image contrast provided by
CB-TE2A chelated [64Cu]6 suggest it as the
most promising among the candidates tested. That could be due to the
higher stability of [64Cu]CB-TE2A as compared with [64Cu]NOTA, [64Cu]PCTA, [64Cu]Oxo-DO3A,
and [64Cu]DOTA chelates in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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Yang X, Song X, Li Y, Liu G, Banerjee SR, Pomper MG, McMahon MT. Salicylic acid and analogues as diaCEST MRI contrast agents with highly shifted exchangeable proton frequencies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8116-9. [PMID: 23794432 PMCID: PMC3819166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Xiaolei Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Yuguo Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA); F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave., Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 991 N. Broadway Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA); F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 N. Broadway Ave., Baltimore, Maryland 21287 (USA)
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Ray Banerjee S, Pullambhatla M, Foss CA, Falk A, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Mease RC, Pomper MG. Effect of chelators on the pharmacokinetics of (99m)Tc-labeled imaging agents for the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). J Med Chem 2013; 56:6108-21. [PMID: 23799782 DOI: 10.1021/jm400823w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Technetium-99m, the most commonly used radionuclide in nuclear medicine, can be attached to biologically important molecules through a variety of chelating agents, the choice of which depends upon the imaging application. The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as an important target for imaging and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). Three different (99m)Tc-labeling methods were employed to investigate the effect of the chelator on the biodistribution and PCa tumor uptake profiles of 12 new urea-based PSMA-targeted radiotracers. This series includes hydrophilic ligands for radiolabeling with the [(99m)Tc(CO)3](+) core (L8-L10), traditional NxSy-based chelating agents with varying charge and polarity for the (99m)Tc-oxo core (L11-L18), and a (99m)Tc-organohydrazine-labeled radioligand (L19). (99m)Tc(I)-Tricarbonyl-labeled [(99m)Tc]L8 produced the highest PSMA+ PC3 PIP to PSMA- PC3 flu tumor ratios and demonstrated the lowest retention in normal tissues including kidney after 2 h. These results suggest that choice of chelator is an important pharmacokinetic consideration in the development of (99m)Tc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals targeting PSMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Abstract
Gallium-68 is a positron-emitting radioisotope that is produced from a (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator. As such it is conveniently used, decoupling radiopharmacies from the need for a cyclotron on site. Gallium-68-labeled peptides have been recognized as a new class of radiopharmaceuticals showing fast target localization and blood clearance. (68)Ga-DOTATOC, (8)Ga-DOTATATE, (68)Ga-DOTANOC, are the most prominent radiopharmaceuticals currently in use for imaging and differentiating lesions of various somatostatin receptor subtypes, overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors. There has been a tremendous increase in the number of clinical studies with (68)Ga over the past few years around the world, including within the United States. An estimated ∼10,000 scans are being performed yearly in Europe at about 100 centers utilizing (68)Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs within clinical trials. Two academic sites within the US have also begun to undertake human studies. This review will focus on the clinical experience of selected, well-established and recently applied (68)Ga-labeled imaging agents used in nuclear medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Shallal H, Lisok A, Mease RC, Pomper MG. A modular strategy to prepare multivalent inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Oncotarget 2012; 2:1244-53. [PMID: 22207391 PMCID: PMC3282081 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a modular scaffold for preparing high-affinity, homo-multivalent inhibitors of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for imaging and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). Our system contains a lysine-based (µ-, e-) dialkyne residue for incorporating a PSMA binding Lys-Glu urea motif exploiting click chemistry and a second lysine residue for subsequent modification with an imaging or therapeutic moiety. The utility of the multivalent scaffold was examined by synthesizing bivalent compounds 2 and 3 and comparing them with the monovalent analog 1. Determination of inhibition constants (Ki) revealed that bivalent 2 (0.2 nM) and 3 (0.08 nM) are significantly more potent (~ 5 fold and ~ 11 fold, respectively) inhibitors of PSMA than monovalent 1 (0.9 nM). A single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-CT imaging study of [111In]3 demonstrated high and specific uptake in PSMA+ PC-3 PIP tumor until at least 48 h post-injection, with rapid clearance from non-target tissues, including kidney. A biodistribution study revealed that [111In]3 demonstrated 34.0 ± 7.5 percent injected dose per gram of tissue in PSMA+ tumor at 24 h post-injection and was capable of generating target-to-non-target ratios of ~ 379 in PSMA+ PC-3 PIP tumors vs. isogenic PSMA-negative PC3-flu tumors in vivo. The click chemistry approach affords a convenient strategy toward multivalent PSMA inhibitors of enhanced affinity and superior pharmacokinetics for imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Foss CA, Green G, Fox JJ, Lupold SE, Mease RC, Pomper MG. Sequential SPECT and optical imaging of experimental models of prostate cancer with a dual modality inhibitor of the prostate-specific membrane antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9167-70. [PMID: 21861274 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans Street, 492 CRB II, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Foss CA, Green G, Fox JJ, Lupold SE, Mease RC, Pomper MG. Sequential SPECT and Optical Imaging of Experimental Models of Prostate Cancer with a Dual Modality Inhibitor of the Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Green G, Fox JJ, Horti A, Mease RC, Pomper MG. 68Ga-labeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for imaging prostate cancer. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5333-41. [PMID: 20568777 DOI: 10.1021/jm100623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gallium-68 is a generator-produced radionuclide for positron emission tomography (PET) that is being increasingly used for radiolabeling of tumor-targeting peptides. Compounds [(68)Ga]3 and [(68)Ga]6 are high-affinity urea-based inhibitors of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) that were synthesized in decay-uncorrected yields ranging from 60% to 70% and radiochemical purities of more than 99%. Compound [(68)Ga]3 demonstrated 3.78 +/- 0.90% injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) within PSMA+ PIP tumor at 30 min postinjection, while [(68)Ga]6 showed a 2 h PSMA+ PIP tumor uptake value of 3.29 +/- 0.77 %ID/g. Target (PSMA+ PIP) to nontarget (PSMA- flu) ratios were 4.6 and 18.3, respectively, at those time points. Both compounds delineated tumor clearly by small animal PET. The urea series of imaging agents for PSMA can be radiolabeled with (68)Ga, a cyclotron-free isotope useful for clinical PET studies, with maintenance of target specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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Chen Y, Dhara S, Banerjee SR, Byun Y, Pullambhatla M, Mease RC, Pomper MG. A low molecular weight PSMA-based fluorescent imaging agent for cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:624-9. [PMID: 19818734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized YC-27 3 to provide a fluorescent imaging agent for the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a marker for hormone-independent prostate cancer and tumor neovasculature, with suitable pharmacokinetics for use in vivo. Immediate precursor trifluoroacetate salt of 2-(3-{5-[7-(5-amino-1-carboxy-pentylcarbamoyl)-heptanoylamino]-1-carboxy-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid 2 was conjugated with a commercially available near-infrared light-emitting dye (IRDye 800CW) to provide 3 in 72% yield. YC-27 3 demonstrated a PSMA inhibitory activity of 0.37nM and was capable of generating target-to-nontarget ratios of at least 10 in PSMA-expressing PC3-PIP vs. PSMA-negative PC3-flu tumors in vivo. YC-27 3 may be useful for study of PSMA-expressing tissue in preclinical models or for intraoperative guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Banerjee SR, Chakrabarty S, Vasulu TS, Bharati S, Sinha D, Banerjee P, Bharati P. Growth and nutritional status of Bengali adolescent girls. Indian J Pediatr 2009; 76:391-9. [PMID: 19205646 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-009-0015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessment of the growth and nutritional status among healthy Bengali adolescent schoolgirls at peri-urban area. METHODS In this cross sectional study, sample consists of 527 school going adolescent girls, aged 10 to 18 years. The sample of the present study was collected from a peri-urban area (Duttapukur) of north 24 parganas district of West Bengal, India. Standard anthropometric measurements including linear, curvilinear and skinfold thickness were collected from each subject. Percentile curves and nutritional indices were used to determine the growth and nutritional status respectively. RESULTS The nature of distance curves and percentile curves of the body measurements showed a high rate of increase in 10-11 years of age group corresponding to an earlier adolescent growth spurt than average Indian girls. The adolescent girls in the current study were found to be significantly (p<0.0001) taller than Indian girls and heavier than both Indian and urban Bengali girls but slightly shorter than urban Bengali girls. They are significantly (p<0.0001) shorter and lighter than American girls, which also corresponded to 50(th) percentile curves. Age specific nutritional assessment shows different grades of malnutrition among them. Gomez's classification indicates about 60 % to 70 % adolescent girls show either moderate to mild malnutrition during their growth period. Both the indices of Waterlow's classification show least percentage of least malnutrition among the girls. CONCLUSION The growth pattern and nutritional status observed among adolescent girls in peri-urban situation show heterogeneity with respect to some anthropometric traits and in conformity with the growth pattern and nutritional status of urban girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Banerjee
- Islamia Hospital, 8 Jessore Road, Kolkata, India
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Banerjee SR, Bharati P, Vasulu TS, Chakrabarty S, Banerjee P. Whole time domestic child labor in metropolitan city of Kolkata. Indian Pediatr 2008; 45:579-582. [PMID: 18695278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We conducted this study to explore the socioeconomic conditions, and health and nutritional status of whole time child domestic labor. 330 children engaged in domestic child labor ranging between 8 to 14 years of age from the metropolitan city of Kolkata were studied. Majority of the domestic child laborers were girls and migrants coming from illiterate families. These children were physically, mentally or sexually abused. Further, they suffered from anemia, gastrointestinal tract infections, vitamin deficiencies, respiratory tract infections and skin diseases along with a high prevalence of malnutrition. The study highlights the poor state of domestic child labor in Kolkata, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Islamia Hospital, Kolkata, India.
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Stephenson KA, Banerjee SR, McFarlane N, Boreham DR, Maresca KP, Babich JW, Zubieta J, Valliant JF. A convenient solid-phase synthesis methodology for preparing peptide-derived molecular imaging agents Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro screening of Tc(I) chemotactic peptide conjugates. CAN J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1139/v05-224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A versatile solid-phase synthesis strategy for preparing peptidechelate conjugates was developed. The methodology was optimized using a series of ligands, designed to bind Tc(I)/Re(I), and a chemotactic peptide fMFL, which was exploited as a model targeting vector. The peptide derivatives were prepared in parallel using a conventional automated peptide synthesizer in multi-milligram quantities, which provided sufficient material to perform complete characterization, radiolabelling, and in vitro screening studies. Because of the robust nature of the metalchelate complexes, the Re complex of a chelatepeptide conjugate was prepared on the resin using the same methodology employed to prepare the free ligand conjugates. As such, the reported methodology is amenable to the preparation of libraries of novel Tc radiopharmaceutical ligands and their corresponding Re reference standards in which several factors, including peptide sequence, site of derivatization, and both the type and length of the spacer, can be easily varied.Key words: radiopharmaceuticals, technetium, rhenium, peptides, solid-phase synthesis.
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Stephenson KA, Banerjee SR, Sogbein OO, Levadala MK, McFarlane N, Boreham DR, Maresca KP, Babich JW, Zubieta J, Valliant JF. A New Strategy for the Preparation of Peptide-Targeted Technetium and Rhenium Radiopharmaceuticals. The Automated Solid-Phase Synthesis, Characterization, Labeling, and Screening of a Peptide-Ligand Library Targeted at the Formyl Peptide Receptor. Bioconjug Chem 2005; 16:1189-95. [PMID: 16173797 DOI: 10.1021/bc0500591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new solid-phase synthetic methodology was developed that enables libraries of peptide-based Tc(I)/Re(I) radiopharmaceuticals to be prepared using a conventional automated peptide synthesizer. Through the use of a tridentate ligand derived from N-alpha-Fmoc-l-lysine, which we refer to as a single amino acid chelate (SAAC), a series of 12 novel bioconjugates [R-NH(CO)ZLF(SAAC)G, R = ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, tert-butyl, n-butyl, benzyl; Z = Met, Nle] that are designed to target the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) were prepared. Construction of the library was carried out in a multiwell format on an Advanced ChemTech 348 peptide synthesizer where multi-milligram quantities of each peptide were isolated in high purity without HPLC purification. After characterization, the library components were screened for their affinity for the FPR receptor using flow cytometry where the K(d) values were found to be in the low micromolar range (0.5-3.0 microM). Compound 5j was subsequently labeled with (99m)Tc(I) and the product isolated in high radiochemical yield using a simple Sep-Pak purification procedure. The retention time of the labeled compound matched that of the fully characterized Re-analogue which was prepared through the use of the same solid-phase synthesis methodology that was used to construct the library. The work reported here is a rare example of a method by which libraries of peptide-ligand conjugates and their rhenium complexes can be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1
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Banerjee SR, Maresca KP, Francesconi L, Valliant J, Babich JW, Zubieta J. New directions in the coordination chemistry of 99mTc: a reflection on technetium core structures and a strategy for new chelate design. Nucl Med Biol 2005; 32:1-20. [PMID: 15691657 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Revised: 08/31/2004] [Accepted: 09/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional chelates offer a general approach for the linking of radioactive metal cations to macromolecules. In the specific case of 99mTc, a variety of technologies have been developed for assembling a metal-chelate-biomolecule complex. An evaluation of these methodologies requires an appreciation of the coordination characteristics and preferences of the technetium core structures and oxidation states, which serve as platforms for the development of the imaging agent. Three technologies, namely, the MAG3-based bifunctional chelates, the N-oxysuccinimidylhydrazino-nicotinamide system and the recently described single amino acid chelates for the {Tc(CO)3}1+ core, are discussed in terms of the fundamental coordination chemistry of the technetium core structures. In assessing the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, we conclude that the single amino acid analogue chelates (SAAC), which are readily conjugated to small peptides by solid-phase synthesis methods and which form robust complexes with the {Tc(CO)3}1+ core, offer an effective alternative to the previously described methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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Banerjee SR, Zubieta J. A new tricarbonylrhenium(I) compound incorporating the tridentate ligandN,N-bispicolyl-2-ethanolamine. Acta Crystallogr C 2005; 61:m275-7. [PMID: 15930663 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270105009820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2004] [Accepted: 03/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, {[N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]ethanol-kappa(3)N,N',N''}tricarbonylrhenium(I) bromide methanol solvate, [Re(C14H17N3O)(CO)3]Br.CH4O, has been prepared in almost quantitative yield by reacting (NEt4)2[Re(CO)3Br3] with the ligand N,N-bispicolyl-2-ethanolamine in refluxing methanol. The X-ray structure revealed that the Re(CO)3N3 coordination sphere is highly distorted from octahedral geometry and that the Re(CO)3 core is facial. The coordinated ligand forms two five-membered rings, with the pyridine rings in a butterfly formation. The OH group is not involved in metal coordination. The packing of the molecule shows a network of classical O...H-O and Br...H-O, and non-classical Br...H-C and O...H-C hydrogen bonds between the methanol solvate molecules, the metal complex cations and the bromide anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, 111 College Place, Syracuse University, New York 13244, USA.
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Abstract
A series of bifunctional chelates containing a tridentate donor set for complexation of the M(CO)3+ core and a maleimide group for site-specific coupling to peptides and proteins containing free thiol groups has been prepared and their Re(CO)3+ complexes and glutathione conjugates structurally characterized. The flexibility of design allows preparation of ligands suitable for both fluorescence imaging, radioimaging and radiotherapeutic studies of proteins and peptides as well as other biopolymers using site specific conjugation.
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Banerjee SR, Schaffer P, Babich JW, Valliant JF, Zubieta J. Design and synthesis of site directed maleimide bifunctional chelators for technetium and rhenium. Dalton Trans 2005:3886-97. [PMID: 16311643 DOI: 10.1039/b507096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of heterobifunctional linkers (L1-L9) containing a terminus consisting of a tridentate donor set for coordination of the {M(CO)(3)}(+) core (M = Tc, Re), and a thiol reactive maleimide group has been prepared conveniently and in high yield under Mitsunobu reaction conditions by the coupling of an appropriate alcohol derivative with maleimide. The rhenium complexes [Re(CO)(3)(Lx)]Br (x= 1-9) were prepared in good yields from the reactions of the ligands and (NEt(4))(2)[Re(CO)(3)Br(3)] in refluxing methanol. The ligands and their Re complexes were characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR, IR, and ESI-MS. Ligand L4 and [Re(CO)(3)(L5)]Br have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Photoexcitation of solutions of the complexes [Re(CO)(3)(Lx)]Br (x= 4-6) gives rise to intense and prolonged luminescence at room temperature (fluorescence lifetimes of ca. 16 micros). The ligands and their Re complexes react smoothly at the maleimide linker with sulfhydryl groups of peptides and proteins at room temperature in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) to form stable thioether bioconjugates. The photoluminescence properties of the labeled conjugates are similar to those of the parent complexes, but with even longer lifetimes. The ligands can also be labeled at room temperature with (99m)Tc to give chemically robust complexes. The corresponding hydrazinonicotinamide derivative N-[5-(6'-hydrazinopyridine-3'-carbonyl)aminopentyl]maleimide (L10) was also prepared. While coupling of L10 to cysteine ethylester and synthesis of the rhenium derivative [ReCl(3)(HYNIC-maleimide)(2)] were successfully accomplished, attempts to couple [ReCl(3)(HYNIC-maleimide)(2)] to glutathione or BSA yielded intractable mixtures.
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Stephenson KA, Banerjee SR, Besanger T, Sogbein OO, Levadala MK, McFarlane N, Lemon JA, Boreham DR, Maresca KP, Brennan JD, Babich JW, Zubieta J, Valliant JF. Bridging the Gap between in Vitro and in Vivo Imaging: Isostructural Re and 99mTc Complexes for Correlating Fluorescence and Radioimaging Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:8598-9. [PMID: 15250681 DOI: 10.1021/ja047751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A bifunctional ligand that is capable of forming Re and 99mTc complexes as complementary fluorescent and radioactive probes was developed. The tridentate bis(quinoline) amine ligand, which is referred to as the SAACQ system, was prepared in a single step from Fmoc protected lysine in high yield. Reaction of the SAACQ ligand with [Re(CO)3Br3]2- resulted in the formation of the SAACQ-(Re(CO)3)+complex which exhibits favorable fluorescence properties including a long lifetime and a large Stoke's shift. Because the SAACQ ligand is derived from an amino acid, it can readily be linked to or incorporated within peptides as a means of targeting the probe to specific receptors. To demonstrate this feature, the SAACQ ligand and the SAACQ-Re complex were incorporated into fMLFG, a peptide that binds to the formyl peptide receptor (FPR). Uptake of the fMLF[(SAACQ-Re(CO)3)+]G conjugate into human leukocytes in vitro was visualized by fluorescence microscopy, and the observed distribution of the peptide was similar to that of a well-established fluorescent FPR probe. The corresponding Tc complex, fMLF[(SAACQ-99mTc(CO)3)+]G, was prepared in excellent yield from [99mTc(CO)3(OH2)3]+, which affords the opportunity to correlate the results of the microscopy experiments with in vivo radioimaging studies because the probes are isostructural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M1
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Banerjee SR, Zubieta J. A metal-mediated dimerization of the ligand bis(N,N-diethylamino)carbeniumdithiocarboxylate. Acta Crystallogr C 2004; 60:m208-9. [PMID: 15131366 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270104006869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, methylene bis[bis(N,N-diethylamino)carbeniumdithiocarboxylate] pentachlorooxorhenium, (C(21)H(42)N(4)S(4))[ReCl(5)O], is the result of an unusual dimerization of the ligand bis(N,N-diethylamino)carbeniumdithiocarboxylate [(Et(2)N)(2)C(2)S(2)] upon reaction with [ReOCl(3)(PPh(3))(2)] in chloroform under reflux conditions. The compound was obtained as a dicationic moiety, with the molecular [ReOCl(5)](2-) anion providing the charge compensation. The planes of the carbenium and thiocarboxylate moieties are nearly perpendicular to one another and the backbone C-C bond length in the N(2)CCS(2) group is the same as a normal C-C single-bond length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, 111 College Place, Syracuse University, New York 13244, USA
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