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Delpino-Rius A, Eras J, Marsol-Vall A, Vilaró F, Balcells M, Canela-Garayoa R. Ultra performance liquid chromatography analysis to study the changes in the carotenoid profile of commercial monovarietal fruit juices. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1331:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Luan H, Meng N, Fu J, Chen X, Xu X, Feng Q, Jiang H, Dai J, Yuan X, Lu Y, Roberts AA, Luo X, Chen M, Xu S, Li J, Hamilton CJ, Fang C, Wang J. Genome-wide transcriptome and antioxidant analyses on gamma-irradiated phases of deinococcus radiodurans R1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85649. [PMID: 24465634 PMCID: PMC3900439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of D. radiodurans cells to extreme irradiation environments requires dynamic interactions between gene expression and metabolic regulatory networks, but studies typically address only a single layer of regulation during the recovery period after irradiation. Dynamic transcriptome analysis of D. radiodurans cells using strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-seq), combined with LC-MS based metabolite analysis, allowed an estimate of the immediate expression pattern of genes and antioxidants in response to irradiation. Transcriptome dynamics were examined in cells by ssRNA-seq covering its predicted genes. Of the 144 non-coding RNAs that were annotated, 49 of these were transfer RNAs and 95 were putative novel antisense RNAs. Genes differentially expressed during irradiation and recovery included those involved in DNA repair, degradation of damaged proteins and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolism. The knockout mutant crtB (phytoene synthase gene) was unable to produce carotenoids, and exhibited a decreased survival rate after irradiation, suggesting a role for these pigments in radiation resistance. Network components identified in this study, including repair and metabolic genes and antioxidants, provided new insights into the complex mechanism of radiation resistance in D. radiodurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemi Luan
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Fu
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xune Yuan
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanping Lu
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alexandra A. Roberts
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengtao Xu
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chris J. Hamilton
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Chengxiang Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (CF); (JW)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Science and Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail: (CF); (JW)
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Sanches-Silva A, Albuquerque TG, Finglas P, Ribeiro T, Valente A, Vasilopoulou E, Trichopoulou A, Alexieva I, Boyko N, Costea CE, Hayran O, Jorjadze M, Kaprelyants L, Karpenko D, D'Antuono LF, Costa HS. Carotenoids, vitamins (A, B2, C and E) and total folate of traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3545-3557. [PMID: 23722967 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotenoids, vitamins (A, B2, C and E) and total folate are related to health promotion. However, there are still many food matrices for which the content of these compounds is not available. In order to fill this gap, traditional foods from Black Sea Area countries (BSAC) were analysed in order to investigate their potential health benefits. RESULTS The most abundant carotenoid was β-carotene. Plum jam was the sample with the highest β-carotene content (608 µg 100 g(-1) edible portion). The group of vegetables and vegetable-based foods contributed most to β-carotene content. Evergreen cherry laurel presented the highest l-ascorbic acid content (29.9 mg 100 g(-1) edible portion), while the highest riboflavin and total folate contents were found for roasted sunflower seeds. Approximately 61% of the analysed samples showed quantifiable amounts of α-tocopherol but did not contain retinol. CONCLUSION Despite the great variability in the content of carotenoids, vitamins and total folate, most of the analysed traditional foods from BSAC can be considered good sources of these compounds. Therefore, owing to their putative health benefits, the consumption of those with higher contents of these compounds should be encouraged and promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanches-Silva
- Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, IP, Lisbon, Portugal
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Dousty F, O'Brien RT, Gahler R, Kersten H, Benter T. Carbon disulfide as a dopant in photon-induced chemical ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:1969-1976. [PMID: 23939964 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The addition of a dopant to an Atmospheric Pressure PhotoIonization (APPI) source of a mass spectrometer has been shown to enhance the degree of analyte ionization. A series of different dopants has been successfully utilized; however, there has been very little published on the characteristics of a good dopant. We have proposed carbon disulfide (CS2) as a novel new dopant based on its absorption cross-section for the VUV photon's energy used and its unique gas-phase ion chemistry, notably the fact that it does not contain a proton. METHODS The ability of CS2 to enhance the ionization effectiveness of APPI was tested by using a group of compounds that have different proton affinities (PAs) and electron affinities (EAs). These results were compared to results obtained using the commonly used dopants, toluene and anisole. Particular attention was paid to the formation of [M](+) ions relative to [M+H](+) ions. Mass spectra were collected using a Waters Quattro Premier liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) system equipped with a commercial Photomate™ photoionization source. RESULTS The results show that CS2 increases the ionization efficiency of most of the analytes studied in this work comparably to toluene and anisole. CS2 promotes both ionization routes of [M](+) and [M+H](+). In addition, due to the higher ionization energy (IE) of CS2 (10.01) compared to the IEs of toluene (8.83) and anisole (8.20), CS2 can enhance the ionization efficiency of analytes that cannot be enhanced with toluene and anisole. CONCLUSIONS We have determined that CS2 is a viable dopant for use in APPI sources. For some analytes, significant [M+H](+) ion signals are observed; therefore, the donated proton must come from either water clusters or solvents. In addition, CS2 promotes the ionization of analytes with low PAs and higher IEs than that of toluene and anisole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Dousty
- Chemistry, I. K. Barber School of Arts & Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada, V1V 1 V7
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55
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Kim SH, Liu KH, Lee SY, Hong SJ, Cho BK, Lee H, Lee CG, Choi HK. Effects of light intensity and nitrogen starvation on glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, and carotenoid composition in Dunaliella tertiolecta culture. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72415. [PMID: 24039760 PMCID: PMC3764108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-course variation of lipid and carotenoid production under high light (300 μE/m2s) and nitrogen starvation conditions was determined in a Dunaliella tertiolecta strain. Nanoelectrospray (nanoESI) chip based direct infusion was used for lipid analysis and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with a photodiode array (PDA) or atmospheric chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) was used for carotenoid analysis. A total of 29 lipids and 7 carotenoids were detected. Alterations to diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (DGTS) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) species were significant observations under stress conditions. Their role in relation to the regulation of photosynthesis under stress condition is discussed in this study. The total carotenoid content was decreased under stress conditions, while ã-carotene was increased under nitrate-deficient cultivation. The highest productivity of carotenoid was attained under high light and nitrate sufficiency (HLNS) condition, which result from the highest level of biomass under HLNS. When stress was induced at stationary phase, the substantial changes to the lipid composition occurred, and the higher carotenoid content and productivity were exhibited. This is the first report to investigate the variation of lipids, including glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, and carotenoid in D. tertiolecta in response to stress conditions using lipidomics tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joo Hong
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hookeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choul-Gyun Lee
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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56
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Rivera SM, Vilaró F, Zhu C, Bai C, Farré G, Christou P, Canela-Garayoa R. Fast quantitative method for the analysis of carotenoids in transgenic maize. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5279-85. [PMID: 23678974 DOI: 10.1021/jf400694z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A fast method was developed to determine carotenoid content in transgenic maize seeds. The analysis was carried out using an ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatograph coupled to a photodiode array detector and a mass spectrometer (UHPLC-PDA-MS/MS). Sixteen carotenoid pigments were detected and quantified in <13 min. In addition, it was possible to obtain good resolution of both polar xanthophylls and nonpolar carotenes. The method exhibited (a) a high degree of repeatability (%RSD < 13%), (b) linear calibration curves (R² > 0.9952), (c) satisfactory recoveries for most of the pigments (between 82 and 108%), and (d) low detection (from 0.02 to 0.07 μg/mL) and quantification limits (from 0.05 to 0.20 μg/mL) (LOD and LOQ, respectively). The methodology was applied to the analysis of transgenic maize lines TM1, TM2, and TM3, expressing several carotenogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Maiam Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, ETSEA, University of Lleida -Agrotecnio Center, Avenida Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Zheng YF, Bae SH, Kwon MJ, Park JB, Choi HD, Shin WG, Bae SK. Inhibitory effects of astaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, canthaxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:78-85. [PMID: 23669408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, canthaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin, the major xanthophylls, are widely used in food, medicine, and health care products. To date, no studies regarding the inhibitory effects of these xanthophylls on the nine CYPs isozymes have been reported. This study investigated the reversible and time-dependent inhibitory potentials of five xanthophylls on CYPs activities in vitro. The reversible inhibition results showed that the five compounds had only a weak inhibitory effect on the nine CYPs. Lutein did not inhibit the nine CYPs activities. Astaxanthin weakly inhibited CYP2C19, with an IC₅₀ of 16.2 μM; and β-cryptoxanthin weakly inhibited CYP2C8, with an IC₅₀ of 13.8 μM. In addition, canthaxanthin weakly inhibited CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5, with IC₅₀ values of 10.9 and 13.9 μM, respectively. Zeaxanthin weakly inhibited CYP3A4/5, with an IC₅₀ of 15.5 μM. However, these IC₅₀ values were markedly greater than the Cmax values reported in humans. No significant IC₅₀ shift was observed in the time-dependent inhibition screening. Based on these observations, it is unlikely that these five xanthophylls from the diet or nutritional supplements alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs metabolized by CYPs. These findings provide some useful information for the safe use of these five xanthophylls in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fen Zheng
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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58
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Rivera S, Canela R. Influence of sample processing on the analysis of carotenoids in maize. Molecules 2012; 17:11255-68. [PMID: 23001386 PMCID: PMC6268282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170911255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a number of tests with the aim to develop an effective extraction method for the analysis of carotenoid content in maize seed. Mixtures of methanol–ethyl acetate (6:4, v/v) and methanol–tetrahydrofuran (1:1, v/v) were the most effective solvent systems for carotenoid extraction from maize endosperm under the conditions assayed. In addition, we also addressed sample preparation prior to the analysis of carotenoids by liquid chromatography (LC). The LC response of extracted carotenoids and standards in several solvents was evaluated and results were related to the degree of solubility of these pigments. Three key factors were found to be important when selecting a suitable injection solvent: compatibility between the mobile phase and injection solvent, carotenoid polarity and content in the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramon Canela
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +34-973-702-843; Fax: +34-973-238-264
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59
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Hsu B, Pu Y, Inbaraj BS, Chen B. An improved high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–mass spectrometry method for determination of carotenoids and their precursors phytoene and phytofluene in human serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 899:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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60
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Rivera S, Canela-Garayoa R. Analytical tools for the analysis of carotenoids in diverse materials. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1224:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Van Meulebroek L, Vanhaecke L, De Swaef T, Steppe K, De Brabander H. U-HPLC-MS/MS to quantify liposoluble antioxidants in red-ripe tomatoes, grown under different salt stress levels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:566-573. [PMID: 22175546 DOI: 10.1021/jf2028329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest of consumers in healthy food challenges growers to continuously improve the nutritional quality of their crops. In this research, the potential of a more saline growth environment for improved antioxidant concentration in tomato fruit was studied, and an U-HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of lycopene, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol was optimized. Analytes were thereby separated on a 1.9 μm Hypersil GOLD C(18) column and quantified on a TSQ Vantage triple-quadropole mass spectrometer. The method displayed a short analysis time (6 min), a high specificity, and an excellent repeatability (≤6.39%). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the electrical conductivity level of the applied nutrient solution did not unambiguously influence antioxidant concentration in tomato fruits. Future research should focus on moderate salt stress only and should aim at reducing natural variation by more closely controlling the growth environment and a more objective determination of the ripening degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Lu CH, Choi JH, Moran NE, Jin YS, Erdman JW. Laboratory-scale production of 13C-labeled lycopene and phytoene by bioengineered Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:9996-10005. [PMID: 21888370 PMCID: PMC3178727 DOI: 10.1021/jf202599z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of tomato products has been associated with decreased risks of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, and therefore the biological functions of tomato carotenoids such as lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene are being investigated. To study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of these carotenoids, a bioengineered Escherichia coli model was evaluated for laboratory-scale production of stable isotope-labeled carotenoids. Carotenoid biosynthetic genes from Enterobacter agglomerans were introduced into the BL21Star(DE3) strain to yield lycopene. Over 96% of accumulated lycopene was in the all-trans form, and the molecules were highly enriched with 13C by 13C-glucose dosing. In addition, error-prone PCR was used to disrupt phytoene desaturase (crtI) function and create a phytoene-accumulating strain, which was also found to maintain the transcription of phytoene synthase (crtB). Phytoene molecules were also highly enriched with 13C when the 13C-glucose was the only carbon source. The development of this production model will provide carotenoid researchers a source of labeled tracer materials to further investigate the metabolism and biological functions of these carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hua Lu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Nancy Engelmann Moran
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 300 W. 10th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - John W. Erdman
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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