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Tang WJ, Zhang LS, Fang Y, Zhou Y, Ye BC. Biodegradation of phthalate esters by newly isolated Rhizobium
sp. LMB-1 and its biochemical pathway of di-n
-butyl phthalate. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:177-86. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W.-J. Tang
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - L.-S. Zhang
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Y. Fang
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Y. Zhou
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - B.-C. Ye
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
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52
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Iwata M, Imaoka T, Nishiyama T, Fujii T. Re-characterization of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate hydrolase belonging to the serine hydrolase family. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:140-5. [PMID: 26868518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel bacterium assimilating di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate as a sole carbon source was isolated, and identified as a Rhodococcus species and the strain was named EG-5. The strain has a mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) hydrolase (EG-5 MehpH), which exhibits some different enzymatic features when compared with the previously reported MEHP hydrolase (P8219 MehpH) from Gordonia sp. These differences include different pH optimum activity, maximal reaction temperature and heat stability. The Km and Vmax values of EG-5 MehpH were significantly higher than those of P8219 MehpH. The primary structure of EG-5 MehpH showed the highest sequence identity to that of P8219 MehpH (39%) among hydrolases. The phylogenetic tree suggested that EG-5 MehpH and P8219 MehpH were categorized in different groups of the novel MEHP hydrolase family. Mutation of a conserved R(109) residue of EG-5 MehpH to a hydrophobic residue resulted in a dramatic reduction in the Vmax value towards MEHP without affecting the Km value. These results indicate that this residue may neutralize the negative charge of a carboxylate anion of MEHP, and thus inhibit the catalytic nucleophile from attacking the ester bond. In other words, the R residue blocks inhibition from the carboxylate anion of MEHP. Recently, registered hypothetical proteins exhibiting 98% or 99% identities for EG-5 MehpH or for P8219 MehpH were found from some pathogens belonging to Actinomycetes. The protein may have other activities besides MEHP hydrolysis and function in other physiological reactions in some Actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Iwata
- IMB Co., Ltd., 1070-10 Hitotsugi, Asakura City, Fukuoka 838-0065, Japan
| | - Takuya Imaoka
- Department of Applied Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishiku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishiku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Takao Fujii
- Department of Applied Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishiku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
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53
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Biodegradation of di-n-Butyl Phthalate by Achromobacter sp. Isolated from Rural Domestic Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:13510-22. [PMID: 26516878 PMCID: PMC4627046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121013510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial strain W-1, isolated from rural domestic wastewater, can utilize the environmental hormone di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) as the sole carbon and energy source. The isolated bacterium species was confirmed to belong to the genus Achromobacter based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence. The results of substrate utilization tests showed that the strain W-1 could utilize other common phthalates and phenol. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the optimal conditions for DBP degradation were pH 7.0, 35 °C, and an agitation rate of 175 rpm. Under these conditions, 500 mg/L of DBP was completely degraded within 30 h. The effects of heavy metals (50 mg/L Cu(2+) and 500 mg/L Pb(2+)) and surfactants (100 mg/L SDS and 500 mg/L Tween 20) on DBP degradation were investigated. The results demonstrated that Cu(2+) and SDS severely inhibited DBP degradation and Pb(2+) weakly inhibited DBP degradation, while Tween 20 greatly enhanced DBP degradation. Furthermore, phthalate degradation genes were found to be located on a plasmid present in Achromobacter sp. W-1.
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54
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Cloning and Characterization of an Enantioselective l-Menthyl Benzoate Hydrolase from Acinetobacter sp. ECU2040. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:1102-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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55
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Chen X, Zhang X, Yang Y, Yue D, Xiao L, Yang L. Biodegradation of an endocrine-disrupting chemical di-n-butyl phthalate by newly isolated Camelimonas sp. and enzymatic properties of its hydrolase. Biodegradation 2015; 26:171-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-015-9725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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56
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Ding J, Wang C, Xie Z, Li J, Yang Y, Mu Y, Tang X, Xu B, Zhou J, Huang Z. Properties of a newly identified esterase from Bacillus sp. K91 and its novel function in diisobutyl phthalate degradation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119216. [PMID: 25746227 PMCID: PMC4352063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely used plasticizer phthalate esters (PAEs) have become a public concern because of their effects on environmental contamination and toxicity on mammals. However, the biodegradation of PAEs, especially diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), remains poorly understood. In particular, genes involved in the hydrolysis of these compounds were not conclusively identified. In this study, the CarEW gene, which encodes an enzyme that is capable of hydrolyzing ρ-nitrophenyl esters of fatty acids, was cloned from a thermophilic bacterium Bacillus sp. K91 and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 using the pEASY-E2 expression system. The enzyme showed a monomeric structure with a molecular mass of approximately 53.76 kDa and pI of 4.88. The enzyme exhibited maximal activity at pH 7.5 and 45 °C, with ρ-NP butyrate as the best substrate. The enzyme was fairly stable within the pH range from 7.0 to 8.5. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) were employed to detect the catabolic pathway of DiBP. Two intermediate products were identified, and a potential biodegradation pathway was proposed. Altogether, our findings present a novel DiBP degradation enzyme and indicate that the purified enzyme may be a promising candidate for DiBP detoxification and for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhenrong Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunjuan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuelin Mu
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xianghua Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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Newly identified thermostable esterase from Sulfobacillus acidophilus: properties and performance in phthalate ester degradation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:6870-8. [PMID: 25149523 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02072-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
EstS1, a newly identified thermostable esterase from Sulfobacillus acidophilus DSM10332, was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and shown to enzymatically degrade phthalate esters (PAEs) to their corresponding monoalkyl PAEs. The optimal pH and temperature of the esterase were found to be 8.0 and 70°C, respectively. The half-life of EstS1 at 60°C was 15 h, indicating that the enzyme had good thermostability. The specificity constant (kcat/Km) of the enzyme for p-nitrophenyl butyrate was as high as 6,770 mM(-1) s(-1). The potential value of EstS1 was demonstrated by its ability to effectively hydrolyze 35 to 82% of PAEs (10 mM) within 2 min at 37°C, with all substrates being completely degraded within 24 h. At 60°C, the time required for complete hydrolysis of most PAEs was reduced by half. To our knowledge, this enzyme is a new esterase identified from thermophiles that is able to degrade various PAEs at high temperatures.
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58
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Wen ZD, Gao DW, Wu WM. Biodegradation and kinetic analysis of phthalates by an Arthrobacter strain isolated from constructed wetland soil. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4683-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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59
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Martínez-Martínez M, Lores I, Peña-García C, Bargiela R, Reyes-Duarte D, Guazzaroni ME, Peláez AI, Sánchez J, Ferrer M. Biochemical studies on a versatile esterase that is most catalytically active with polyaromatic esters. Microb Biotechnol 2014; 7:184-91. [PMID: 24418210 PMCID: PMC3937722 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we applied a community genomic approach using a naphthalene-enriched community (CN1) to isolate a versatile esterase (CN1E1) from the α/β-hydrolase family. The protein shares low-to-medium identity (≤ 57%) with known esterase/lipase-like proteins. The enzyme is most active at 25–30°C and pH 8.5; it retains approximately 55% of its activity at 4°C and less than 8% at ≥ 55°C, which indicates that it is a cold-adapted enzyme. CN1E1 has a distinct substrate preference compared with other α/β-hydrolases because it is catalytically most active for hydrolysing polyaromatic hydrocarbon (phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, benzoyl, protocatechuate and phthalate) esters (7200–21 000 units g−1 protein at 40°C and pH 8.0). The enzyme also accepts 44 structurally different common esters with different levels of enantio-selectivity (1.0–55 000 units g−1 protein), including (±)-menthyl-acetate, (±)-neomenthyl acetate, (±)-pantolactone, (±)-methyl-mandelate, (±)-methyl-lactate and (±)-glycidyl 4-nitrobenzoate (in that order). The results provide the first biochemical evidence suggesting that such broad-spectrum esterases may be an ecological advantage for bacteria that mineralize recalcitrant pollutants (including oil refinery products, plasticizers and pesticides) as carbon sources under pollution pressure. They also offer a new tool for the stereo-assembly (i.e. through ester bonds) of multi-aromatic molecules with benzene rings that are useful for biology, chemistry and materials sciences for cases in which enzyme methods are not yet available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Martínez-Martínez
- Department of Applied Biocatalysis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institute of Catalysis, Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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60
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Jiao Y, Chen X, Wang X, Liao X, Xiao L, Miao A, Wu J, Yang L. Identification and characterization of a cold-active phthalate esters hydrolase by screening a metagenomic library derived from biofilms of a wastewater treatment plant. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75977. [PMID: 24116085 PMCID: PMC3792999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A cold-active phthalate esters hydrolase gene (designated dphB) was identified through functional screening of a metagenomic library derived from biofilms of a wastewater treatment plant. The enzyme specifically catalyzed the hydrolysis of dipropyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dipentyl phthalate to the corresponding monoalkyl phthalate esters at low temperatures. The catalytic triad residues of DphB were proposed to be Ser159, Asp251, and His281.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Liao
- Center for Analysis and Testing, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JW); (LY)
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Environmental Biology, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JW); (LY)
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