51
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Dental Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Exosomes. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:8973613. [PMID: 29760738 PMCID: PMC5924966 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8973613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells derived from human dental pulp tissue (DP-MSC) differ from the other mesenchymal stem cells prepared from bone marrow or adipose tissue due to their embryonic origin from the neural crest and are of special interest because of their neurotropic character. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of DP-MSCs is realized through paracrine action of extracellularly released components, for which exosomes play an important role. In this review, we intend to explore the properties of these cells with an emphasis on exosomes. The therapeutic applicability of these cells and exosomes in dental practice, neurodegenerative diseases, and many other difficultly treatable diseases, like myocardial infarction, focal cerebral ischemia, acute lung or brain injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute inflammation, and several others is concisely covered. The use of cellular exosomes as an important diagnostic marker and indicator of targeted cancer therapies is also discussed, while the importance of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth as a source of evolutionally young cells for future regenerative therapies is stressed. We conclude that exosomes derived from these cells are potent therapeutic tools for regenerative medicine in the near future as clinical administration of DP-MSC-conditioned medium and/or exosomes is safer and more practical than stem cells.
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Wu H, Li JZ, Xie BD, Tian H, Fang SH, Jiang SL, Kang K. Lower Senescence of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells than Donor-Matched Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Surgical Ventricular Restoration. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:612-623. [PMID: 29630447 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) can restore cardiac function for left ventricular aneurysm to some extent. However, the patches used in this treatment have some limitations such as stiffness and calcification. Engineering heart tissues (EHTs) have emerged as a promising biomaterial to repair damaged heart. Nevertheless, selecting optimal candidate cells for EHTs has been controversial. Aging is a major consideration for seed cells derived from elderly patients. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the proliferation of, antiapoptosis potential of, and expression of senescence-associated factors (eg, SA-β-Gal, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (P21) in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. In addition, cardiac function, cell survival, and angiogenesis of ADSCs and BMSCs after SVR were assessed in vivo. The in vitro results showed that old ADSCs (OAs) grew faster; expressed lower levels of SA-β-Gal, P16, and P21; and possessed more pronounced antiapoptosis activity than old BMSCs (OBs). The in vivo results demonstrated that 28 days after patch implantation, animals that received OAs patches showed better restoration of cardiac function than animals that received OBs patches. Meanwhile, old ADSCs possessed more potential regarding cell survival and angiogenesis. These results suggest that ADSCs may be superior to BMSCs with regard to autologous cell transplantation in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China .,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Li
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China .,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Dong Xie
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Hai Tian
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Shao-Hong Fang
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Jiang
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Kai Kang
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
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53
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Wang A, Ren M, Song Y, Wang X, Wang Q, Yang Q, Liu H, Du Z, Zhang G, Wang J. MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Associated with Osteogenesis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1813-1825. [PMID: 29590087 PMCID: PMC5887684 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a common orthopedic disease associated with the application of glucocorticoid (GC). In this study, we detected the microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from SONFH patients, and target gene predictions were performed, and the functions of the target genes was verified. MATERIAL AND METHODS BMSCs collected from patients with SONFH and femoral neck fracture (FNF) constituted the SONFH group (n=3) and FNF (control) group (n=3), respectively. MiRNA microarray analysis was utilized to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the microarray results. The target genes and functions of the differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed using a bioinformatics database. RESULTS The microarray results revealed that compared with the control group, 22 miRNAs were identified differentially expressed in the SONFH group, with 17 upregulated and 5 downregulated. Further qRT-PCR validation of differentially expressed miRNAs confirmed that hsa-miR-601, hsa-miR-452-3p, hsa-miR-647, and hsa-miR-516b-5p were significantly increased, whereas hsa-miR-122-3p was significantly decreased. During osteogenic differentiation, hsa-miR-601, hsa-miR-452-3p, hsa-miR-647, hsa-miR-516b-5p, and hsa-miR-127-5p were significantly downregulated, whereas hsa-miR-122-3p was significantly upregulated, and miRNAs showed a converse tendency during adipogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Six miRNAs associated with osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation were identified differentially expressed in the BMSCs of SONFH patients; these miRNAs may serve as novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for SONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenwu Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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54
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Zhou M, Liu NX, Shi SR, Li Y, Zhang Q, Ma QQ, Tian TR, Ma WJ, Cai XX, Lin YF. Effect of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures on proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via activation of the notch signaling pathway. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1227-1236. [PMID: 29458214 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) derived from the human dental pulp tissue have multiple differentiation capabilities, such as osteo/odontogenic differentiation. Therefore, DPSCs are deemed as ideal stem cell sources for tissue regeneration. As new nanomaterials based on DNA, tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) have tremendous potential for biomedical applications. Here, the authors aimed to explore the part played by TDNs in proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, and attempted to investigate if these cellular responses could be driven by activating the canonical Notch signaling pathway. Upon exposure to TDNs, proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs were dramatically enhanced, accompanied by up regulation of Notch signaling. In general, our study suggested that TDNs can significantly promote proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, and this remarkable discovery can be applied in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to develop a significant and novel method for bone and dental tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Si-Rong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quan-Quan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao-Ran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Feng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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55
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Mandakhbayar N, El-Fiqi A, Dashnyam K, Kim HW. Feasibility of Defect Tunable Bone Engineering Using Electroblown Bioactive Fibrous Scaffolds with Dental Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1019-1028. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| | - Ahmed El-Fiqi
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Glass Research Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Khandmaa Dashnyam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
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Sancilio S, Gallorini M, Di Nisio C, Marsich E, Di Pietro R, Schweikl H, Cataldi A. Alginate/Hydroxyapatite-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Improve Dental Pulp Biomineralization and Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9643721. [PMID: 30154869 PMCID: PMC6098856 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9643721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is widely recognized as a promising approach for bone repair and reconstruction. Several attempts have been made to achieve materials that must be compatible, osteoconductive, and osteointegrative and have mechanical strength to provide a structural support. Composite scaffolds consisting in biodegradable natural polymers are very promising constructs. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can support alginate as inorganic reinforcement and osteoconductive component of alginate/HAp composite scaffolds. Therefore, HAp-strengthened polymer biocomposites offer a solid system to engineer synthetic bone substitutes. In the present work, HAp was incorporated into an alginate solution and internal gelling was induced by addition of slowly acid-hydrolyzing D-gluconic acid delta-lactone for the direct release of calcium ions from HAp. It has been previously demonstrated that alginate-based composites efficiently support adhesion of cancer bone cell lines. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) identified in human dental pulp are clonogenic cells capable of differentiating in multiple lineage. Thus, this study is aimed at verifying the mineralization and differentiation potential of human DPSCs seeded onto scaffolds based on alginate and nano-hydroxyapatite. For this purpose, gene expression profile of early and late mineralization-related markers, extracellular matrix components, viability parameters, and oxidative stress occurrence were evaluated and analyzed. In summary, our data show that DPSCs express osteogenic differentiation-related markers and promote calcium deposition and biomineralization when growing onto Alg/HAp scaffolds. These findings confirm the use of Alg/HAp scaffolds as feasible composite materials in tissue engineering, being capable of promoting a specific and successful tissue regeneration as well as mineralized matrix deposition and sustaining natural bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sancilio
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- 2Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- 3Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Chiara Di Nisio
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- 4Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- 5Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Helmut Schweikl
- 3Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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57
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Comparing Circadian Dynamics in Primary Derived Stem Cells from Different Sources of Human Adult Tissue. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2057168. [PMID: 29201058 PMCID: PMC5672638 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2057168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimising cell/tissue constructs so that they can be successfully accepted and integrated within a host body is essential in modern tissue engineering. To do this, adult stem cells are frequently utilised, but there are many aspects of their environment in vivo that are not completely understood. There is evidence to suggest that circadian rhythms and daily circadian temporal cues have substantial effects on stem cell activation, cell cycle, and differentiation. It was hypothesised that the circadian rhythm in human adult stem cells differs depending on the source of tissue and that different entraining signals exert differential effects depending on the anatomical source. Dexamethasone and rhythmic mechanical stretch were used to synchronise stem cells derived from the bone marrow, tooth dental pulp, and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, and it was experimentally evidenced that these different stem cells differed in their circadian clock properties in response to different synchronisation mechanisms. The more primitive dental pulp-derived stem cells did not respond as well to the chemical synchronisation but showed temporal clock gene oscillations following rhythmic mechanical stretch, suggesting that incorporating temporal circadian information of different human adult stem cells will have profound implications in optimising tissue engineering approaches and stem cell therapies.
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58
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The neurotrophic effects of different human dental mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12605. [PMID: 28974767 PMCID: PMC5626751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve injury is nerve grafting but this has disadvantages such as donor site morbidity. New techniques focus on replacing these grafts with nerve conduits enhanced with growth factors and/or various cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental-MSCs (D-MSCs) including stem cells obtained from apical papilla (SCAP), dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are potential sources of MSCs for nerve repair. Here we present the characterization of various D-MSCs from the same human donors for peripheral nerve regeneration. SCAP, DPSC and PDLSC expressed BDNF, GDNF, NGF, NTF3, ANGPT1 and VEGFA growth factor transcripts. Conditioned media from D-MSCs enhanced neurite outgrowth in an in vitro assay. Application of neutralizing antibodies showed that brain derived neurotrophic factor plays an important mechanistic role by which the D-MSCs stimulate neurite outgrowth. SCAP, DPSC and PDLSC were used to treat a 10 mm nerve gap defect in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. All the stem cell types significantly enhanced axon regeneration after two weeks and showed neuroprotective effects on the dorsal root ganglia neurons. Overall the results suggested SCAP to be the optimal dental stem cell type for peripheral nerve repair.
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59
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Teng SW, Lo YS, Liu WT, Hsuan Y, Lin W. A genome-wide comparison of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human placenta and umbilical cord. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 56:664-671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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60
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Pettersson LF, Kingham PJ, Wiberg M, Kelk P. In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Jawbone Compared with Dental Tissue. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:763-774. [PMID: 30603526 PMCID: PMC6171664 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone transplantation is the current gold standard for reconstruction of jawbone defects. Bone regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is an interesting alternative to improve the current techniques, which necessitate a second site of surgery resulting in donor site morbidity. In this study, we compared the osteogenic ability of jawbone MSC (JB-MSC) with MSC from tissues with neural crest origin, namely, the dental pulp, apical papilla and periodontal ligament. All four types of MSC were isolated from the same patient (n = 3 donors) to exclude inter-individual variations. The MSC growth and differentiation properties were characterized. The osteogenic differentiation potential in each group of cells was assessed quantitatively to determine if there were any differences between the cell types. All cells expressed the MSC-associated surface markers CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 and were negative for CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. All cell types proliferated at similar rates, exhibited similar clonogenic activity and could differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. An alkaline phosphatase assay, OsteoImage™ assay for mineralization and qRT-PCR measuring the genes runx2, ALP and OCN, indicated that there were no significant differences in the osteogenic differentiation ability between the various MSCs. In conclusion, we show that from a small segment of jawbone it is possible to isolate sufficient quantities of MSC and that these cells can easily be expanded and differentiated into osteoblasts. JB-MSC appear to be good candidates for future bone regeneration applications in the craniofacial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda F Pettersson
- 1Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.,3Department of Odontology, Section for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul J Kingham
- 1Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wiberg
- 1Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.,2Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Section for Hand and Plastic Surgery, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peyman Kelk
- 1Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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61
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In Vitro Cultivation, Characterization and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth on 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Scaffolds. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.55593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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62
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Liu SY, He YB, Deng SY, Zhu WT, Xu SY, Ni GX. Exercise affects biological characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 41:1199-1209. [PMID: 28364139 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Both bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) are good sources for tissue engineering. To maximize therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, an appropriate source of MSCs should be selected according to their own inherent characteristics for future clinical application. Hence, this study was conducted to compare proliferative, differential and antiapoptosis abilities of both MSCs derived from exercised and sedentary rats under normal and hypoxia/serum deprivation conditions (H/SD). Our results showed that exercise may enhance proliferative ability and decrease adipogenic ability of BMSCs and ADSCs. However, positive effect of exercise on osteogenesis was only observed for BMSCs in either environment. Little effect was observed on the antiapoptotic ability of both MSC types. It was also suggested that biological characteristics of both types were partly changed. It is therefore believed that BMSCs derived from exercised rat on early passage may be a good cell source for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yao Liu
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong-Bin He
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Song-Yun Deng
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhu
- Biomaterial Research Center, School of pharmaceutical sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shao-Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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63
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D'Alimonte I, Mastrangelo F, Giuliani P, Pierdomenico L, Marchisio M, Zuccarini M, Di Iorio P, Quaresima R, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R. Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Comparative Analysis Between Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Dental Pulp. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:843-855. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda D'Alimonte
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Filiberto Mastrangelo
- Unit of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita e Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raimondo Quaresima
- Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Aging Research Center and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
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64
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Gao Q, Cooper PR, Walmsley AD, Scheven BA. Role of Piezo Channels in Ultrasound-stimulated Dental Stem Cells. J Endod 2017; 43:1130-1136. [PMID: 28527849 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Piezo1 and Piezo2 are mechanosensitive membrane ion channels. We hypothesized that Piezo proteins may play a role in transducing ultrasound-associated mechanical signals and activate downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling processes in dental cells. In this study, the expression and role of Piezo channels were investigated in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) after treatment with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). METHODS Cell proliferation was evaluated by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Western blots were used to analyze the proliferating cell nuclear antigen as well as the transcription factors c-fos and c-jun. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting were used to determine the activation of MAPK after LIPUS treatment. Ruthenium red (RR), a Piezo ion channel blocker, was applied to determine the functional role of Piezo proteins in LIPUS-stimulated cell proliferation and MAPK signaling. RESULTS Western blotting showed the presence of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in both dental cell types. LIPUS treatment significantly increased the level of the Piezo proteins in DPSCs after 24 hours; however, no significant effects were observed in PDLSCs. Treatment with RR significantly inhibited LIPUS-stimulated DPSC proliferation but not PDLSC proliferation. Extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 MAPK was consistently activated in DPSCs over a 24-hour time period after LIPUS exposure, whereas phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK were mainly increased in PDLSCs. RR affected MAPK signaling in both dental cell types with its most prominent effects on ERK1/2/MAPK phosphorylation levels; the significant inhibition of LIPUS-induced stimulation of ERK1/2 activation in DPSCs by RR suggests that stimulation of DPSC proliferation by LIPUS involves Piezo-mediated regulation of ERK1/2 MAPK signaling. CONCLUSIONS This study for the first time supports the role of Piezo ion channels in transducing the LIPUS response in dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Gao
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul R Cooper
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Damien Walmsley
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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In vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of endometrial stem cells and dental pulp stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2017; 18:239-247. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-017-9620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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66
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Lisignoli G, Lambertini E, Manferdini C, Gabusi E, Penolazzi L, Paolella F, Angelozzi M, Casagranda V, Piva R. Collagen type XV and the 'osteogenic status'. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2236-2244. [PMID: 28332281 PMCID: PMC5571525 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that collagen type XV (ColXV) is a novel bone extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. It is well known that the complex mixture of multiple components present in ECM can help both to maintain stemness or to promote differentiation of stromal cells following change in qualitative characteristics or concentrations. We investigated the possible correlation between ColXV expression and mineral matrix deposition by human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) with different osteogenic potential and by osteoblasts (hOBs) that are able to grow in culture medium with or without calcium. Analysing the osteogenic process, we have shown that ColXV basal levels are lower in cells less prone to osteo‐induction such as hMSCs from Wharton Jelly (hWJMSCs), compared to hMSCs that are prone to osteo‐induction such as those from the bone marrow (hBMMSCs). In the group of samples identified as ‘mineralized MSCs’, during successful osteogenic induction, ColXV protein continued to be detected at substantial levels until early stage of differentiation, but it significantly decreased and then disappeared at the end of culture when the matrix formed was completely calcified. The possibility to grow hOBs in culture medium without calcium corroborated the results obtained with hMSCs demonstrating that calcium deposits organized in a calcified matrix, and not calcium ‘per se’, negatively affected ColXV expression. As a whole, our data suggest that ColXV may participate in ECM organization in the early‐phases of the osteogenic process and that this is a prerequisite to promote the subsequent deposition of mineral matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Paolella
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Angelozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Casagranda
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Paduano F, Marrelli M, Alom N, Amer M, White LJ, Shakesheff KM, Tatullo M. Decellularized bone extracellular matrix and human dental pulp stem cells as a construct for bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:730-748. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1301770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noura Alom
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mahetab Amer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lisa J. White
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Marco Tatullo
- Tecnologica Research Institute, Biomedical Section, Crotone, Italy
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68
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Gorain B, Tekade M, Kesharwani P, Iyer AK, Kalia K, Tekade RK. The use of nanoscaffolds and dendrimers in tissue engineering. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:652-664. [PMID: 28219742 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To avoid tissue rejection during organ transplantation, research has focused on the use of tissue engineering to regenerate required tissues or organs for patients. The biomedical applications of hyperbranched, multivalent, structurally uniform, biocompatible dendrimers in tissue engineering include the mimicking of natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) in the 3D microenvironment. Dendrimers are unimolecular architects that can incorporate a variety of biological and/or chemical substances in a 3D architecture to actively support the scaffold microenvironment during cell growth. Here, we review the use of dendritic delivery systems in tissue engineering. We discuss the available literature, highlighting the 3D architecture and preparation of these nanoscaffolds, and also review challenges to, and advances in, the use dendrimers in tissue engineering. Advances in the manufacturing of dendritic nanoparticles and scaffold architectures have resulted in the successful incorporation of dendritic scaffolds in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bapi Gorain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lincoln University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muktika Tekade
- TIT College of Pharmacy, Technocrats Institute of Technology, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP 462021, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- The International Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arun K Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Chalisserry EP, Nam SY, Park SH, Anil S. Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417702531. [PMID: 28616151 PMCID: PMC5461911 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417702531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Paul Chalisserry
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyug Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Moraes DA, Sibov TT, Pavon LF, Alvim PQ, Bonadio RS, Da Silva JR, Pic-Taylor A, Toledo OA, Marti LC, Azevedo RB, Oliveira DM. A reduction in CD90 (THY-1) expression results in increased differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:97. [PMID: 27465541 PMCID: PMC4964048 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells used in several cell therapies. MSCs are characterized by the expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 cell markers, and the absence of CD34, CD45, CD11a, CD19, and HLA-DR cell markers. CD90 is a glycoprotein present in the MSC membranes and also in adult cells and cancer stem cells. The role of CD90 in MSCs remains unknown. Here, we sought to analyse the role that CD90 plays in the characteristic properties of in vitro expanded human MSCs. METHODS We investigated the function of CD90 with regard to morphology, proliferation rate, suppression of T-cell proliferation, and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs by reducing the expression of this marker using CD90-target small hairpin RNA lentiviral vectors. RESULTS The present study shows that a reduction in CD90 expression enhances the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro and, unexpectedly, causes a decrease in CD44 and CD166 expression. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that CD90 controls the differentiation of MSCs by acting as an obstacle in the pathway of differentiation commitment. This may be overcome in the presence of the correct differentiation stimuli, supporting the idea that CD90 level manipulation may lead to more efficient differentiation rates in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A. Moraes
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
- Centro Universitario do Distrito Federal UDF, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Tatiana T. Sibov
- Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Lorena F. Pavon
- Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Paula Q. Alvim
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Raphael S. Bonadio
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Jaqueline R. Da Silva
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Aline Pic-Taylor
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Orlando A. Toledo
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Luciana C. Marti
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Ricardo B. Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Daniela M. Oliveira
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
- IB-Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, CEP 70910-970 Brazil
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Mead B, Logan A, Berry M, Leadbeater W, Scheven BA. Concise Review: Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Novel Cell Therapy for Retinal and Central Nervous System Repair. Stem Cells 2016; 35:61-67. [PMID: 27273755 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are neural crest-derived ecto-mesenchymal stem cells that can relatively easily and non-invasively be isolated from the dental pulp of extracted postnatal and adult teeth. Accumulating evidence suggests that DPSC have great promise as a cellular therapy for central nervous system (CNS) and retinal injury and disease. The mode of action by which DPSC confer therapeutic benefit may comprise multiple pathways, in particular, paracrine-mediated processes which involve a wide array of secreted trophic factors and is increasingly regarded as the principal predominant mechanism. In this concise review, we present the current evidence for the use of DPSC to repair CNS damage, including recent findings on retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection and regeneration in optic nerve injury and glaucoma. Stem Cells 2017;35:61-67.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Mead
- School of Dentistry, Oral Biology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Neurotrauma and Neurobiology Research Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Logan
- Neurotrauma and Neurobiology Research Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Berry
- Neurotrauma and Neurobiology Research Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Leadbeater
- Neurotrauma and Neurobiology Research Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, Oral Biology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Multipotent Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: a Literature Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:511-523. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9661-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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73
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Comparative Immunophenotypic Characteristics, Proliferative Features, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Permanent and Deciduous Teeth with Bone Marrow. Mol Biotechnol 2016; 58:415-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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74
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Natu VP, Dubey N, Loke GCL, Tan TS, Ng WH, Yong CW, Cao T, Rosa V. Bioactivity, physical and chemical properties of MTA mixed with propylene glycol. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 23:405-11. [PMID: 26398513 PMCID: PMC4560501 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the physical (setting time, hardness, flowability, microstructure) and chemical (pH change, calcium release, crystallinity) properties and the biological outcomes (cell survival and differentiation) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed using different proportions of propylene glycol (PG) and water. MATERIAL AND METHODS White MTA was mixed with different water/PG ratios (100/0, 80/20 and 50/50). Composition (XRD), microstructure (SEM), setting time (ASTM C266-13), flowability (ANSI/ADA 57-2000), Knoop hardness (100 g/10 s) and chemical characteristics (pH change and Ca2+ release for 7 days) were evaluated. Cell proliferation, osteo/odontoblastic gene expression and mineralization induced by MTA mixed with PG were evaluated. MTA discs (5 mm in diameter, 2 mm thick) were prepared and soaked in culture medium for 7 days. Next, the discs were removed and the medium used to culture dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) for 28 days. Cells survival was evaluated using MTS assay (24, 72 and 120 h) and differentiation with RT-PCR (ALP, OCN, Runx2, DSPP and MEPE) and alizarin red staining (7 and 14 days). Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc analysis (a=0.05). RESULTS The addition of PG significantly increased setting time, flowability and Ca2+ release, but it compromised the hardness of the material. SEM showed that 50/50 group resulted porous material after setting due to the incomplete setting reaction, as shown by XRD analysis. The addition of PG (80/20 and 50/50) was not capable to improve cell proliferation or to enhance gene expression, and mineralized deposition of DPSC after 7 and 14 days as compared to the 100/0. CONCLUSION Except for flowability, the addition of PG did not promote further improvements on the chemical and physical properties evaluated, and it was not capable of enhancing the bioactivity of the MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teng Seng Tan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, SG
| | - Wee Hsuan Ng
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, SG
| | - Chee Weng Yong
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, SG
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, SG
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, SG
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Hao C, Yang S, Xu W, Shen JK, Ye S, Liu X, Dong Z, Xiao B, Feng Y. MiR-708 promotes steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, suppresses osteogenic differentiation by targeting SMAD3. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22599. [PMID: 26932538 PMCID: PMC4773864 DOI: 10.1038/srep22599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is a serious complication of glucocorticoid (GC) use. We investigated the differential expression of miRs in the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of patients with ONFH, and aimed to explain the relationship between GC use and the development of MSC dysfunction in ONFH. Cells were collected from bone marrow of patients with ONFH. Samples were assigned to either GCs Group or Control Group at 1:1 matched with control. We then used miRNA microarray analysis and real-time PCR to identify the differentially expressed miRs. We also induced normal MSCs with GCs to verify the differential expression above. Subsequently, we selected some of the miRs for further studies, including miRNA target and pathway prediction, and functional analysis. We discovered that miR-708 was upregulated in ONFH patients and GC-treated MSCs. SMAD3 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-708, and functional analysis demonstrated that miR-708 could markedly suppress osteogenic differentiation and adipogenesis differentiation of MSCs. Inhibition of miR-708 rescued the suppressive effect of GC on osteonecrosis. Therefore, we determined that GC use resulted in overexpression of miR-708 in MSCs, and thus, targeting miR-708 may serve as a novel therapeutic biomarker for the prevention and treatment of ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hao
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jacson K Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Shunan Ye
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xianzhe Liu
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhe Dong
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Baojun Xiao
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yong Feng
- Orthopedic Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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76
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Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells reveals source specific cellular markers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21507. [PMID: 26857143 PMCID: PMC4746666 DOI: 10.1038/srep21507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells with great potential in therapy, reflected by more than 500 MSC-based clinical trials registered with the NIH. MSC are derived from multiple tissues but require invasive harvesting and imply donor-to-donor variability. Embryonic stem cell-derived MSC (ESC-MSC) may provide an alternative, but how similar they are to ex vivo MSC is unknown. Here we performed an in depth characterization of human ESC-MSC, comparing them to human bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) as well as human embryonic stem cells (hESC) by transcriptomics (RNA-seq) and quantitative proteomics (nanoLC-MS/MS using SILAC). Data integration highlighted and validated a central role of vesicle-mediated transport and exosomes in MSC biology and also demonstrated, through enrichment analysis, their versatility and broad application potential. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing profiles between ESC-MSC and BM-MSC and assessing their equivalency. Data presented here shows that differences between ESC-MSC and BM-MSC are similar in magnitude to those reported for MSC of different origin and the former may thus represent an alternative source for therapeutic applications. Finally, we report an unprecedented coverage of MSC CD markers, as well as membrane associated proteins which may benefit immunofluorescence-based applications and contribute to a refined molecular description of MSC.
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77
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Gao Q, Walmsley AD, Cooper PR, Scheven BA. Ultrasound Stimulation of Different Dental Stem Cell Populations: Role of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling. J Endod 2016; 42:425-31. [PMID: 26830427 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues may respond to low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment, potentially providing a therapeutic approach to promoting dental tissue regeneration. This work aimed to compare LIPUS effects on the proliferation and MAPK signaling in MSCs from rodent dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) compared with MSCs from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS Isolated MSCs were treated with 1-MHz LIPUS at an intensity of 250 or 750 mW/cm2 for 5 or 20 minutes. Cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining after 24 hours of culture following a single LIPUS treatment. Specific ELISAs were used to determine the total and activated p38, ERK1/2, and JNK MAPK signaling proteins up to 4 hours after treatment. Selective MAPK inhibitors PD98059 (ERK1/2), SB203580 (p38), and SP600125 (JNK) were used to determine the role of activation of the particular MAPK pathways. RESULTS The proliferation of all MSC types was significantly increased after LIPUS treatment. LIPUS at a 750-mW/cm2 dose induced the greatest effects on DPSCs. BMSC proliferation was stimulated in equal measures by both intensities, whereas 250 mW/cm2 LIPUS exposure exerted maximum effects on PDLSCs. ERK1/2 was activated immediately in DPSCs after treatment. Concomitantly, DPSC proliferation was specifically modulated by ERK1/2 inhibition, whereas p38 and JNK inhibition exerted no effects. In BMSCs, JNK MAPK signaling was LIPUS activated, and the increase in proliferation was blocked by specific inhibition of the JNK pathway. In PDLSCs, JNK MAPK signaling was activated immediately after LIPUS, whereas p-p38 MAPK increased significantly in these cells 4 hours after exposure. Correspondingly, JNK and p38 inhibition modulated LIPUS-stimulated PDLSC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS LIPUS promoted MSC proliferation in an intensity and cell-specific dependent manner via activation of distinct MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Gao
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Damien Walmsley
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Cooper
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Demirci S, Doğan A, Şahin F. Dental Stem Cells vs. Other Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Their Pluripotency and Role in Regenerative Medicine. DENTAL STEM CELLS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28947-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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79
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Dhillon H, Kaushik M, Sharma R. Regenerative endodontics--Creating new horizons. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:676-85. [PMID: 26699211 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Trauma to the dental pulp, physical or microbiologic, can lead to inflammation of the pulp followed by necrosis. The current treatment modality for such cases is non-surgical root canal treatment. The damaged tissue is extirpated and the root canal system prepared. It is then obturated with an inert material such a gutta percha. In spite of advances in techniques and materials, 10%-15% of the cases may end in failure of treatment. Regenerative endodontics combines principles of endodontics, cell biology, and tissue engineering to provide an ideal treatment for inflamed and necrotic pulp. It utilizes mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, and organ tissue culture to provide treatment. Potential treatment modalities include induction of blood clot for pulp revascularization, scaffold aided regeneration, and pulp implantation. Although in its infancy, successful treatment of damaged pulp tissue has been performed using principles of regenerative endodontics. This field is dynamic and exciting with the ability to shape the future of endodontics. This article highlights the fundamental concepts, protocol for treatment, and possible avenues for research in regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnoor Dhillon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Mamta Kaushik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Roshni Sharma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
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Regenerative Applications Using Tooth Derived Stem Cells in Other Than Tooth Regeneration: A Literature Review. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:9305986. [PMID: 26798366 PMCID: PMC4699044 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9305986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth derived stem cells or dental stem cells are categorized according to the location from which they are isolated and represent a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine. Originally, as one kind of mesenchymal stem cells, they are considered an alternative of bone marrow stromal cells. They share many commonalties but maintain differences. Considering their original function in development and the homeostasis of tooth structures, many applications of these cells in dentistry have aimed at tooth structure regeneration; however, the application in other than tooth structures has been attempted extensively. The availability from discarded or removed teeth can be an innate benefit as a source of autologous cells. Their origin from the neural crest results in exploitation of neurological and numerous other applications. This review briefly highlights current and future perspectives of the regenerative applications of tooth derived stem cells in areas beyond tooth regeneration.
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81
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Osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells under the influence of three different materials. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:132. [PMID: 26510991 PMCID: PMC4624653 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regeneration of periodontal tissues is a major goal of periodontal therapy. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) show mesenchymal cell properties with the potential for dental tissue engineering. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are examples of materials that act as signaling molecules to enhance periodontal regeneration. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been proven to be biocompatible and appears to have some osteoconductive properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of EMD, MTA, and PDGF on DPSC osteogenic differentiation. Methods Human DPSCs were cultured in medium containing EMD, MTA, or PDGF. Control groups were also established. Evaluation of the achieved osteogenesis was carried out by computer analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-stained chambers, and spectrophotometric analysis of alizarin red S-stained mineralized nodules. Results EMD significantly increased the amounts of ALP expression and mineralization compared with all other groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, MTA gave variable results with slight increases in certain differentiation parameters, and PDGF showed no significant increase in the achieved differentiation. Conclusions EMD showed a very strong osteogenic ability compared with PDGF and MTA, and the present results provide support for its use in periodontal regeneration.
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Ducret M, Fabre H, Degoul O, Atzeni G, McGuckin C, Forraz N, Alliot-Licht B, Mallein-Gerin F, Perrier-Groult E, Farges JC. Manufacturing of dental pulp cell-based products from human third molars: current strategies and future investigations. Front Physiol 2015; 6:213. [PMID: 26300779 PMCID: PMC4526817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal cell-based products have been developed to improve surgical therapies aimed at repairing human tissues. In this context, the tooth has recently emerged as a valuable source of stem/progenitor cells for regenerating orofacial tissues, with easy access to pulp tissue and high differentiation potential of dental pulp mesenchymal cells. International guidelines now recommend the use of standardized procedures for cell isolation, storage and expansion in culture to ensure optimal reproducibility, efficacy and safety when cells are used for clinical application. However, most dental pulp cell-based medicinal products manufacturing procedures may not be fully satisfactory since they could alter the cells biological properties and the quality of derived products. Cell isolation, enrichment and cryopreservation procedures combined to long-term expansion in culture media containing xeno- and allogeneic components are known to affect cell phenotype, viability, proliferation and differentiation capacities. This article focuses on current manufacturing strategies of dental pulp cell-based medicinal products and proposes a new protocol to improve efficiency, reproducibility and safety of these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires Lyon, France
| | - Hugo Fabre
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Degoul
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | | | - Colin McGuckin
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | - Nico Forraz
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | - Brigitte Alliot-Licht
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Université de Nantes Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Mallein-Gerin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Emeline Perrier-Groult
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires Lyon, France
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Production of Human Dental Pulp Cells with a Medicinal Manufacturing Approach. J Endod 2015; 41:1492-9. [PMID: 26189777 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) are generally isolated and cultured with xenogeneic products and in stress conditions that may alter their biological features. However, guidelines from the American Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency currently recommend the use of protocols compliant with medicinal manufacturing. Our aim was to design an ex vivo procedure to produce large amounts of HDPCs for dentin/pulp and bone engineering according to these international recommendations. METHODS HDPC isolation was performed from pulp explant cultures. After appropriate serum-free medium selection, cultured HDPCs were immunophenotyped with flow cytometry. Samples were then cryopreserved for 510 days. The post-thaw cell doubling time was determined up to passage 4 (P4). Karyotyping was performed by G-band analysis. Osteo/odontoblastic differentiation capability was determined after culture in a differentiation medium by gene expression analysis of osteo/odontoblast markers and mineralization quantification. RESULTS Immunophenotyping of cultured HDPCs revealed a mesenchymal profile of the cells, some of which also expressed the stem/progenitor cell markers CD271, Stro-1, CD146, or MSCA-1. The post-thaw cell doubling times were stable and similar to fresh HDPCs. Cells displayed no karyotype abnormality. Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and dentin sialophosphoprotein gene expression and culture mineralization were increased in post-thaw HDPC cultures performed in differentiation medium compared with cultures in control medium. CONCLUSIONS We successfully isolated, cryopreserved, and amplified human dental pulp cells with a medicinal manufacturing approach. These findings may constitute a basis on which to investigate how HDPC production can be optimized for human pulp/dentin and bone tissue engineering.
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Potdar PD, Jethmalani YD. Human dental pulp stem cells: Applications in future regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:839-851. [PMID: 26131314 PMCID: PMC4478630 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i5.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are pluripotent cells, having a property of differentiating into various types of cells of human body. Several studies have developed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various human tissues, peripheral blood and body fluids. These cells are then characterized by cellular and molecular markers to understand their specific phenotypes. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are having a MSCs phenotype and they are differentiated into neuron, cardiomyocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, liver cells and β cells of islet of pancreas. Thus, DPSCs have shown great potentiality to use in regenerative medicine for treatment of various human diseases including dental related problems. These cells can also be developed into induced pluripotent stem cells by incorporation of pluripotency markers and use for regenerative therapies of various diseases. The DPSCs are derived from various dental tissues such as human exfoliated deciduous teeth, apical papilla, periodontal ligament and dental follicle tissue. This review will overview the information about isolation, cellular and molecular characterization and differentiation of DPSCs into various types of human cells and thus these cells have important applications in regenerative therapies for various diseases. This review will be most useful for postgraduate dental students as well as scientists working in the field of oral pathology and oral medicine.
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Davies OG, Cooper PR, Shelton RM, Smith AJ, Scheven BA. Isolation of adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using CD29 and CD90 modifies their capacity for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. J Tissue Eng 2015; 6:2041731415592356. [PMID: 26380065 PMCID: PMC4555348 DOI: 10.1177/2041731415592356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from rats are frequently used for tissue engineering research. However, considerable differences have been identified between rat mesenchymal stem cells and those derived from humans, and no defined panel of markers currently exists for the isolation of these cells. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cell sorting for CD29+/CD90+ cells from rat adipose and bone marrow tissues on their differentiation and expression of stem cell–associated genes. Flow cytometry showed 66% and 78% CD29+/CD90+ positivity within passage 1 of adipose and bone marrow cultures, respectively. CD29+/CD90+ cells showed a reduction in both osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation when compared with unsorted cells, as determined by alizarin red and Oil Red-O staining, respectively. These findings could not entirely be explained by fluorescence-activated cell sorting–induced cell injury as sort recovery was only modestly affected in adipose-derived cells. Maintaining cells in fluorescence-activated cell sorting buffer did not affect adipose-derived cell viability, but a significant (p < 0.05) reduction was found in bone marrow–derived cell viability. Additionally, CD29+/CD90+ selection was associated with a significant decrease in the expression of Lin28, Sox2, Nanog and CD73 in adipose-derived cell cultures, whereas differences in stem cell–associated gene expression were not observed in sorted bone marrow–derived cell cultures. In summary, this study demonstrated that fluorescence-activated cell sorting had differential effects on adipose-derived cells and bone marrow–derived cells, and both CD29+/CD90+ cells displayed a significantly reduced capacity for osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation. In conclusion, we identify that maintaining heterogeneity within the mesenchymal stem cell population may be important for optimal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen G Davies
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paul R Cooper
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Anthony J Smith
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:378368. [PMID: 26106427 PMCID: PMC4464683 DOI: 10.1155/2015/378368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration. Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies. Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.
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The effects of cryopreservation on cells isolated from adipose, bone marrow and dental pulp tissues. Cryobiology 2014; 69:342-7. [PMID: 25127874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effects of cryopreservation on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) phenotype are not well documented; however this process is of increasing importance for regenerative therapies. This study examined the effect of cryopreservation (10% dimethyl-sulfoxide) on the morphology, viability, gene-expression and relative proportion of MSC surface-markers on cells derived from rat adipose, bone marrow and dental pulp. Cryopreservation significantly reduced the number of viable cells in bone marrow and dental pulp cell populations but had no observable effect on adipose cells. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated significant increases in the relative expression of MSC surface-markers, CD90 and CD29/CD90 following cryopreservation. sqRT-PCR analysis of MSC gene-expression demonstrated increases in pluripotent markers for adipose and dental pulp, together with significant tissue-specific increases in CD44, CD73-CD105 following cryopreservation. Cells isolated from different tissue sources did not respond equally to cryopreservation with adipose tissue representing a more robust source of MSCs.
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