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Profiling influences of gene overexpression on heterologous resveratrol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Chem Sci Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rühlmann A, Antovic D, Müller TJJ, Urlacher VB. Regioselective Hydroxylation of Stilbenes by Engineered Cytochrome P450 fromThermobifida fuscaYX. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Rühlmann
- Institute of Biochemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstr.1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Dragutin Antovic
- Institute of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institute of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Vlada B. Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstr.1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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Che J, Shi J, Gao Z, Zhang Y. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genetic Basis of the Resveratrol Biosynthesis Pathway in an Endophytic Fungus (Alternaria sp. MG1) Isolated from Vitis vinifera. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1257. [PMID: 27588016 PMCID: PMC4988973 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternaria sp. MG1, an endophytic fungus previously isolated from Merlot grape, produces resveratrol from glucose, showing similar metabolic flux to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, currently found solely in plants. In order to identify the resveratrol biosynthesis pathway in this strain at the gene level, de novo transcriptome sequencing was conducted using Illumina paired-end sequencing. A total of 22,954,434 high-quality reads were assembled into contigs and 18,570 unigenes were identified. Among these unigenes, 14,153 were annotated in the NCBI non-redundant protein database and 5341 were annotated in the Swiss-Prot database. After KEGG mapping, 2701 unigenes were mapped onto 115 pathways. Eighty-four unigenes were annotated in major pathways from glucose to resveratrol, coding 20 enzymes for glycolysis, 10 for phenylalanine biosynthesis, 4 for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and 4 for stilbenoid biosynthesis. Chalcone synthase was identified for resveratrol biosynthesis in this strain, due to the absence of stilbene synthase. All the identified enzymes indicated a reasonable biosynthesis pathway from glucose to resveratrol via glycolysis, phenylalanine biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and stilbenoid pathways. These results provide essential evidence for the occurrence of resveratrol biosynthesis in Alternaria sp. MG1 at the gene level, facilitating further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in this strain's secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Che
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University Yangling, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenhong Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University Yangling, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University Yangling, China
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Strategies for enhancing resveratrol production and the expression of pathway enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7407-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kuwahara H, Alazmi M, Cui X, Gao X. MRE: a web tool to suggest foreign enzymes for the biosynthesis pathway design with competing endogenous reactions in mind. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:W217-25. [PMID: 27131375 PMCID: PMC4987905 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To rationally design a productive heterologous biosynthesis system, it is essential to consider the suitability of foreign reactions for the specific endogenous metabolic infrastructure of a host. We developed a novel web server, called MRE, which, for a given pair of starting and desired compounds in a given chassis organism, ranks biosynthesis routes from the perspective of the integration of new reactions into the endogenous metabolic system. For each promising heterologous biosynthesis pathway, MRE suggests actual enzymes for foreign metabolic reactions and generates information on competing endogenous reactions for the consumption of metabolites. These unique, chassis-centered features distinguish MRE from existing pathway design tools and allow synthetic biologists to evaluate the design of their biosynthesis systems from a different angle. By using biosynthesis of a range of high-value natural products as a case study, we show that MRE is an effective tool to guide the design and optimization of heterologous biosynthesis pathways. The URL of MRE is http://www.cbrc.kaust.edu.sa/mre/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kuwahara
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari Alazmi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuefeng Cui
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Liu X, Lin J, Hu H, Zhou B, Zhu B. De novobiosynthesis of resveratrol by site-specific integration of heterologous genes inEscherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw061. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Zhan YY, Liang BQ, Li XY, Gu EM, Dai DP, Cai JP, Hu GX. The effect of resveratrol on pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole in vivo and in vitro. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:439-44. [PMID: 26391142 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1088175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study were to investigate the effect of orally administered resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole (APZ) in rat, and the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on APZ dehydrogenation activity in liver microsomes and human cytochrome P450 3A4 and 2D6. 2. Twenty-five healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: A (control group), B (multiple dose of 200 mg/kg resveratrol), C (multiple dose of 100 mg/kg resveratrol), D (a single dose of 200 mg/kg resveratrol) and E (a single dose of 100 mg/kg resveratrol). A single dose of 3 mg/kg APZ administered orally 30 min after administration of resveratrol. In addition, CYP2D6*1, CYP3A4*1, human and rat liver microsomes were performed to determine the effect of resveratrol on the metabolism of APZ in vitro. 3. The multiple dose of 200 or 100 mg/kg resveratrol significantly increased the AUC and Cmax of APZ. The resveratrol also obviously decreased the CL, but without any significant difference on t1/2 in vivo. On the other hand, resveratrol showed inhibitory effect on CYP3A4*1, CYP2D6*1, human and rat microsomes, the IC50 of resveratrol was 6.771, 87.87, 45.11 and 35.59 μmol l(-1), respectively. 4. Those results indicated more attention should be paid when APZ was administrated combined with resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Zhan
- a School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China and
| | - Bing-Qing Liang
- a School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China and
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- a School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China and
| | - Er-Min Gu
- a School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China and
| | - Da-Peng Dai
- b The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health , Beijing , China
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- b The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health , Beijing , China
| | - Guo-Xin Hu
- a School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China and
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Vos T, de la Torre Cortés P, van Gulik WM, Pronk JT, Daran-Lapujade P. Growth-rate dependency of de novo resveratrol production in chemostat cultures of an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:133. [PMID: 26369953 PMCID: PMC4570684 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a popular host for production of non-native compounds. The metabolic pathways involved generally require a net input of energy. To maximize the ATP yield on sugar in S. cerevisiae, industrial cultivation is typically performed in aerobic, sugar-limited fed-batch reactors which, due to constraints in oxygen transfer and cooling capacities, have to be operated at low specific growth rates. Because intracellular levels of key metabolites are growth-rate dependent, slow growth can significantly affect biomass-specific productivity. Using an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain expressing a heterologous pathway for resveratrol production as a model energy-requiring product, the impact of specific growth rate on yeast physiology and productivity was investigated in aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures. Results Stoichiometric analysis revealed that de novo resveratrol production from glucose requires 13 moles of ATP per mole of produced resveratrol. The biomass-specific production rate of resveratrol showed a strong positive correlation with the specific growth rate. At low growth rates a substantial fraction of the carbon source was invested in cellular maintenance-energy requirements (e.g. 27 % at 0.03 h−1). This distribution of resources was unaffected by resveratrol production. Formation of the by-products coumaric, phloretic and cinnamic acid had no detectable effect on maintenance energy requirement and yeast physiology in chemostat. Expression of the heterologous pathway led to marked differences in transcript levels in the resveratrol-producing strain, including increased expression levels of genes involved in pathways for precursor supply (e.g. ARO7 and ARO9 involved in phenylalanine biosynthesis). The observed strong differential expression of many glucose-responsive genes in the resveratrol producer as compared to a congenic reference strain could be explained from higher residual glucose concentrations and higher relative growth rates in cultures of the resveratrol producer. Conclusions De novo resveratrol production by engineered S. cerevisiae is an energy demanding process. Resveratrol production by an engineered strain exhibited a strong correlation with specific growth rate. Since industrial production in fed-batch reactors typically involves low specific growth rates, this study emphasizes the need for uncoupling growth and product formation via energy-requiring pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0321-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Vos
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Pilar de la Torre Cortés
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Walter M van Gulik
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Jack T Pronk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Pascale Daran-Lapujade
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands.
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Li M, Kildegaard KR, Chen Y, Rodriguez A, Borodina I, Nielsen J. De novo production of resveratrol from glucose or ethanol by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab Eng 2015; 32:1-11. [PMID: 26344106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural antioxidant compound, used as food supplement and cosmetic ingredient. Microbial production of resveratrol has until now been achieved by supplementation of expensive substrates, p-coumaric acid or aromatic amino acids. Here we engineered the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce resveratrol directly from glucose or ethanol via tyrosine intermediate. First we introduced the biosynthetic pathway, consisting of tyrosine ammonia-lyase from Herpetosiphon aurantiacus, 4-coumaryl-CoA ligase from Arabidopsis thaliana and resveratrol synthase from Vitis vinifera, and obtained 2.73 ± 0.05 mg L(-1) resveratrol from glucose. Then we over-expressed feedback-insensitive alleles of ARO4 encoding 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate and ARO7 encoding chorismate mutase, resulting in production of 4.85 ± 0.31 mg L(-1) resveratrol from glucose as the sole carbon source. Next we improved the supply of the precursor malonyl-CoA by over-expressing a post-translational de-regulated version of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase encoding gene ACC1; this strategy further increased resveratrol production to 6.39 ± 0.03 mg L(-1). Subsequently, we improved the strain by performing multiple-integration of pathway genes resulting in resveratrol production of 235.57 ± 7.00 mg L(-1). Finally, fed-batch fermentation of the final strain with glucose or ethanol as carbon source resulted in a resveratrol titer of 415.65 and 531.41 mg L(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingji Li
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Kanchana R Kildegaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Angelica Rodriguez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark.
| | - Jens Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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