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Lepenies B, Seeberger PH. The promise of glycomics, glycan arrays and carbohydrate-based vaccines. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 32:196-207. [DOI: 10.3109/08923970903292663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
Glycan arrays have become a powerful tool for the high-throughput elucidation of interactions of different carbohydrate structures with a wide variety of biological targets, including antibodies, proteins, viruses and cells. This technique is especially suitable for glycomics studies, because arrays present carbohydrate ligands in a manner that mimics interactions at cell-cell interfaces. This review assesses the recent advances involving glycan arrays, including new methods for glycan-array fabrication, new platforms for novel biological information, and new perceptions of glycomics for improving the understanding of disease-related glycobiology. Furthermore, this review attempts to forecast trends in the development of glycan arrays and possible solutions for some remaining challenges to improve this new technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hui Liang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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53
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Clé C, Martin C, Field RA, Kuzmič P, Bornemann S. Detection of enzyme-catalyzed polysaccharide synthesis on surfaces. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242420903388744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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54
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Fais M, Karamanska R, Russell DA, Field RA. Lectin and carbohydrate microarrays: New high-throughput methods for glycoprotein, carbohydrate-binding protein and carbohydrate-active enzyme analysis. J Cereal Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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55
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Abstract
Carbohydrates encode biological information necessary for cellular function. The structural diversity and complexity of these sugar residues have necessitated the creation of novel methodologies for their study. This review highlights recent technological advancements that are starting to unravel the intricate web of carbohydrate biology. New methods for the analysis of both glycoconjugates and glycan structures are discussed. With the use of these innovative tools, the field of glycobiology is poised to take center-stage in the postgenomic era of modern biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003-6688
| | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, New York 10003-6688
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56
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Abstract
Microarrays have been extremely useful for investigating binding interactions among diverse types of molecular species, with the main advantage being the ability to examine many interactions using small amounts of samples and reagents. Microarrays are increasingly being used to advance research in the field of glycobiology. Several types of microarrays are being used in the study of glycans and proteins in glycobiology, including glycan arrays to study the recognition of carbohydrates, lectin arrays to determine carbohydrate expression on purified proteins or on cells, and antibody arrays to examine the variation in particular glycan structures on specific proteins. This article covers the technology and applications of these types of microarrays, and their use for obtaining complementary information on various aspects of glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yue
- Van Andel Research Institute, 333 Bostwick NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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57
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Ogata M, Hidari KIPJ, Kozaki W, Murata T, Hiratake J, Park EY, Suzuki T, Usui T. Molecular design of spacer-N-linked sialoglycopolypeptide as polymeric inhibitors against influenza virus infection. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1894-903. [PMID: 19438195 DOI: 10.1021/bm900300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of spacer-N-linked glycopolymers carrying long/short α2,3/6 sialylated glycan were designed as polymeric inhibitors of influenza virus. Lactose (Lac) and N-acetyllactosamine (LN: Galβ1,4GlcNAc) were first converted to spacer-N-linked disaccharide glycosides, followed by consecutive enzymatic addition of GlcNAc and Gal residues to the glycosides. The resulting spacer-N-linked glycosides with di-, tetra-, and hexasaccharides carrying a Lac, LN, lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT: Galβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc), and LNβ1,3LNnT were coupled to the carboxy group of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and enzymatically converted to glycopolypeptides carrying α2,3/6 sialylated glycans. The interactions of a series of sialoglycopolypeptides with avian and human influenza virus strains were investigated using a hemagglutination inhibition assay. The avian virus A/Duck/HongKong/313/4/78 (H5N3) bound specifically, regardless of the structure of the asialo portion. In contrast, human virus A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) bound preferentially to long α2,6sialylated glycans with penta- or heptasaccharides in a glycan length-dependent manner. Furthermore, the Sambucus sieboldiana (SNA) lectin was also useful as a model of human virus hemagglutinin (HA) for understanding the carbohydrate binding properties, because the recognition motifs of the inner sugar in the receptor were very similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ogata
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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58
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Ogata M, Hidari KIPJ, Murata T, Shimada S, Kozaki W, Park EY, Suzuki T, Usui T. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Sialoglycopolypeptides As Glycomimetics to Block Infection by Avian and Human Influenza Viruses. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:538-49. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800460p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ogata
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Kazuya I. P. J. Hidari
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Takeomi Murata
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Shizumi Shimada
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Wataru Kozaki
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
| | - Taichi Usui
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga ward, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program, and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University
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59
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Homann A, Seibel J. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis and functional analysis of natural and modified glycostructures. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:1555-71. [DOI: 10.1039/b909990p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Clé C, Gunning AP, Syson K, Bowater L, Field RA, Bornemann S. Detection of Transglucosidase-Catalyzed Polysaccharide Synthesis on a Surface in Real Time Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15234-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja805264w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Clé
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - A. Patrick Gunning
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Syson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bowater
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. Field
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Bornemann
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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61
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Laurent N, Voglmeir J, Flitsch SL. Glycoarrays--tools for determining protein-carbohydrate interactions and glycoenzyme specificity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4400-12. [PMID: 18802573 DOI: 10.1039/b806983m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate arrays (glycoarrays) have recently emerged as a high-throughput tool for studying carbohydrate-binding proteins and carbohydrate-processing enzymes. A number of sophisticated array platforms that allow for qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbohydrate binding and modification on the array surface have been developed, including analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. These platforms, together with examples of biologically-relevant applications are reviewed in this Feature Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Laurent
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, UK M1 7DN
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62
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Enzyme catalysis on solid surfaces. Trends Biotechnol 2008; 26:328-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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63
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Horlacher T, Seeberger PH. Carbohydrate arrays as tools for research and diagnostics. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1414-22. [PMID: 18568167 DOI: 10.1039/b708016f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In a very short time, carbohydrate microarrays have become important tools to investigate binding events that involve sugars. High throughput analysis of carbohydrate interactions with a wide range of binding partners, including proteins, RNA, whole cells and viruses, can be performed. Questions ranging from simple binding events to in-depth kinetic analysis can be addressed. This tutorial review summarizes methods to produce carbohydrate microarrays as well as their use. Some selected examples illustrate applications and the potential that these tools hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Horlacher
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, HCI F315, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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64
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Liang PH, Wu CY, Greenberg WA, Wong CH. Glycan arrays: biological and medical applications. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2008; 12:86-92. [PMID: 18258211 PMCID: PMC7108407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates and their conjugates are involved in various biological events, including viral and bacterial infection, the immune response, differentiation and development, and the progression of tumor cell metastasis. Glycan arrays are a new technology that has enabled the high-sensitivity and rapid analysis carbohydrate–protein interaction and contribute to significant advances in glycomics. Glycan arrays use a minute amount of materials and can be used for high-throughput profiling and quantitative analysis and provide information for the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines and new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Hui Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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65
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de Boer AR, Hokke CH, Deelder AM, Wuhrer M. Serum antibody screening by surface plasmon resonance using a natural glycan microarray. Glycoconj J 2008; 25:75-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-007-9100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 12/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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66
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Park S, Lee MR, Shin I. Carbohydrate microarrays as powerful tools in studies of carbohydrate-mediated biological processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4389-99. [DOI: 10.1039/b806699j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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67
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Park S, Lee MR, Shin I. Chemical tools for functional studies of glycans. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1579-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b713011m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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