1
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Wang YC, Chen CR, Chen CY, Liang PH. Synthesis of Quillaic Acid through Sustainable C-H Bond Activations. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5491-5497. [PMID: 38595071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
To meet the demand for quillaic acid, a multigram synthesis of quillaic acid was accomplished in 14 steps, starting from oleanolic acid, leading to an overall yield of 3.4%. Key features include C-H activation at C-16 and C-23. Through Pd-catalyzed C-H acetoxylation, the oxidation at C-23 was observed as the major product, as opposed to at C-24. A copper-mediated C-H hydroxylation using O2 successfully afforded the single isomer, 16β-ol triterpenoid, followed by configuration inversion to the desired 16α-ol compound. In summary, with steps optimized and conducted on a multigram scale, quillaic acid could be feasibly acquired through C-H activation with inexpensive copper catalysts, promoting a more sustainable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ru Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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2
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Juang YP, Tsai JY, Gu WL, Hsu HC, Lin CL, Wu CC, Liang PH. Discovery of 5-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Juglone) Derivatives as Dual Effective Agents Targeting Platelet-Cancer Interplay through Protein Disulfide Isomerase Inhibition. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3626-3642. [PMID: 38381886 PMCID: PMC10945480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a series of 2- and/or 3-substituted juglone derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among them, 9, 18, 22, 30, and 31 showed stronger inhibition activity against cell surface PDI or recombinant PDI and higher inhibitory effects on U46619- and/or collagen-induced platelet aggregation than juglone. The glycosylated derivatives 18 and 22 showed improved selectivity for inhibiting the proliferation of multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 cells, and the IC50 values reached 61 and 48 nM, respectively, in a 72 h cell viability test. In addition, 18 and 22 were able to prevent tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation and platelet-enhanced tumor cell proliferation. The molecular docking showed the amino acid residues Gln243, Phe440, and Leu443 are important for the compound-protein interaction. Our results reveal the potential of juglone derivatives to serve as novel antiplatelet and anticancer dual agents, which are available to interrupt platelet-cancer interplay through covalent binding to PDI catalytic active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pu Juang
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ying Tsai
- Graduate
Institute of Natural Product, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lan Gu
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Hsu
- Graduate
Institute of Natural Product, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lung Lin
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chung Wu
- Graduate
Institute of Natural Product, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- The
Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
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3
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Lin CI, Wang YW, Liu CY, Chen HW, Liang PH, Chuang YH. Regulatory T cells in inflamed liver are dysfunctional in murine primary biliary cholangitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 215:225-239. [PMID: 37916967 PMCID: PMC10876115 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of intrahepatic small bile ducts. CD8 T cells play a critical role in biliary destruction. However, regulatory T cells (Tregs) have also been identified in the portal tracts of PBC patients. This study tested the hypothesis that hepatic Tregs in PBC were dysfunctional in suppressing immune responses in disease by using our human PBC-like autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) mouse model induced by 2-octynoic acid-conjugated ovalbumin (2-OA-OVA). Our results showed that female and male mice immunized with 2-OA-OVA developed AIC; however, female AIC mice had more severe liver inflammation and fibrosis than male AIC mice. Levels of functional effector CD8 T cells and their chemoattractants, CXCL9 and CXCL10, in the liver were markedly elevated in female AIC mice than in male AIC mice. These results reinforce that CD8 T cells are the primary effector cells in PBC. The number of hepatic Tregs in AIC mice was also higher than in saline-treated mice, but there was no difference between male and female AIC mice. The suppressive function of AIC Tregs was evident despite a discrepancy in the changes in their co-inhibitory receptors and inhibitory cytokines. However, the expansion of hepatic Tregs by low-dose IL-2 treatment did not reduce immune responses to AIC, which may be due to the dysfunction of Tregs in inhibiting T cells. In conclusion, the function of Tregs in the inflamed liver of PBC was insufficient, and low-dose IL-2 treatment could not restore their function to suppress pathological immune responses. Transferring normal Tregs or directly targeting effector CD8 T cells may be beneficial for treating PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Chuang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Chen TY, Shyur E, Ma TH, Wijeyewickrema L, Lin SW, Kao MR, Liang PH, Shie JJ, Chuang EY, Liou JP, Hsieh YSY. Effect of Sulfotyrosine and Negatively Charged Amino Acid of Leech-Derived Peptides on Binding and Inhibitory Activity Against Thrombin. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300744. [PMID: 38055188 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Hirudins, natural sulfo(glyco)proteins, are clinical anticoagulants that directly inhibit thrombin, a key coagulation factor. Their potent thrombin inhibition primarily results from antagonistic interactions with both the catalytic and non-catalytic sites of thrombin. Hirudins often feature sulfate moieties on Tyr residues in their anionic C-terminus region, enabling strong interactions with thrombin exosite-I and effectively blocking its engagement with fibrinogen. Although sulfotyrosines have been identified in various hirudin variants, the precise relationship between sulfotyrosine and the number of negatively charged amino acids within the anionic-rich C-terminus peptide domain for the binding of thrombin has remained elusive. By using Fmoc-SPPS, hirudin dodecapeptides homologous to the C-terminus of hirudin variants from various leech species were successfully synthesized, and the effect of sulfotyrosine and the number of negatively charged amino acids on hirudin-thrombin interactions was investigated. Our findings did not reveal any synergistic effect between an increasing number of sulfotyrosines or negatively charged amino acids and their inhibitory activity on thrombin or fibrinolysis in the assays, despite a higher binding level toward thrombin in the sulfated dodecapeptide Hnip_Hirudin was observed in SPR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Eileen Shyur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lakshmi Wijeyewickrema
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, 3086, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheng-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Rong Kao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Shie
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
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5
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Chiu PF, Lin IC, Lu YL, Chang CN, Chan HY, Lin TS, Tsai KC, Hsieh YSY, Chen MJ, Lin MH, Liang PH. Design, structure-activity relationships, and enzyme kinetic studies of tricyclic and tetracyclic coumarin-based sulfamates as steroid sulfatase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106581. [PMID: 37172437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of steroid sulfatase (STS) decreases estrogen production and thus, suppresses tumor proliferation. Inspired by irosustat, the first STS inhibitor in clinical trials, we explored twenty-one tricyclic and tetra-heterocyclic coumarin-based derivatives. Their STS enzyme kinetic parameters, docking models, and cytotoxicity toward breast cancer and normal cells were evaluated. Tricyclic derivative 9e and tetracyclic derivative 10c were the most promising irreversible inhibitors developed in this study, with KI of 0.05 and 0.4 nM, and kinact/KI ratios of 28.6 and 19.1 nM-1min-1 on human placenta STS, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Nien Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Chan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Shen Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taipei
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE106 91, Sweden
| | - Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Livia Shangyu Wan Scholar, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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6
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Lai YH, Chou YT, Lin YY, Wang YC, Cao JX, Liang PH. Toward an Improved Triterpene 3- O-Glucuronidation: The Systematic Determination of the Relative Reactivities of Glucuronyl Donors and Acceptors. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9946-9958. [PMID: 37410072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
3-O-β-Glucuronide triterpenes are plant-derived compounds. Some of them have been used as herbal medicine and in pharmaceuticals, such as chikusetsu saponins and Quillaja saponins. However, the demand for these materials has remained largely a challenge owing to their natural scarcity and low-yielding purification process. Therefore, a chemical triterpene 3-O-glucuronidation was conducted in this study to alleviate the surging demand on natural source. Various glucuronyl imidate donors and oleanane-type triterpene acceptors were synthesized, and the relative reactivity values (RRV) and acceptor nucleophilic constants (Aka) were systematically measured to study their influence on glucuronidation yield. As a result, applying donors in higher RRV value generally improved the production of 3-O-glucuronide triterpenes. Meanwhile, a bulky pivaloyl group was an ideal 2-O-protection to provide β-selectivity and prevented side reactions, including orthoester formation and acyl-transfer reaction. Collectively, a positive correlation was observed between reactive donors/acceptors and improved glucuronidation yields. These findings offered insights on the influence of donors' and acceptors' reactivities on 3-O-β-glucuronide triterpenes synthesis, and this knowledge would help to access saponins of interest to address future needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsun Lai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Xiu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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7
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Chiu PF, Chang CK, Huang PS, Lin YY, Lin CS, Yang HY, Hsu LC, Yu LCH, Liang PH. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Glucose Transporter Inhibitor-SN38 Conjugates for Targeting Colorectal Cancer. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37413981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Irinotecan (1), a prodrug of SN38 (2) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating colorectal cancer, lacks specificity and causes many side effects. To increase the selectivity and therapeutic efficacy of this drug, we designed and synthesized conjugates of SN38 and glucose transporter inhibitors (phlorizin (5) or phloretin (6)), which could be hydrolyzed by glutathione or cathepsin to release SN38 in the tumor microenvironment, as a proof of concept. These conjugates (8, 9, and 10) displayed better antitumor efficacy with lower systemic exposure to SN38 in an orthotopic colorectal cancer mouse model compared with irinotecan at the same dosage. Further, no major adverse effects of the conjugates were observed during treatment. Biodistribution studies showed that conjugate 10 could induce higher concentrations of free SN38 in tumor tissues than irinotecan at the same dosage. Thus, the developed conjugates exhibit potential for treating colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Shuo Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Linda Chia-Hui Yu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
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8
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Chou O, Juang YP, Chao TL, Tsai SF, Chiu PF, Chiou CT, Tsai KC, Chang SY, Liang PH, Wong CH. Isolation of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Natural Products Extracted from Mentha canadensis and the Semi-synthesis of Antiviral Derivatives. J Nat Prod 2023; 86:1428-1436. [PMID: 37267066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine offers opportunities to discover novel therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 mutation. The dried aerial part of mint (Mentha canadensis L.) was chosen for bioactivity-guided extraction. Seven constituents were isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Syringic acid and methyl rosmarinate were evaluated in drug combination treatment. Ten amide derivatives of methyl rosmarinate were synthesized, and the dodecyl (13) and 3-ethylphenyl (19) derivatives demonstrated significant improvement in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 plaque reduction assay, achieving IC50 of 0.77 and 2.70 μM, respectively, against Omicron BA.1 as compared to methyl rosmarinate's IC50 of 57.0 μM. Spike protein binding and 3CLpro inhibition assays were performed to explore the viral inhibition mechanism. Molecular docking of compounds 13 and 19 to 3CLpro was performed to reveal potential interaction. In summary, natural products with anti-Omicron BA.1 activity were isolated from Mentha canadensis and derivatives of methyl rosmarinate were synthesized, showing 21- to 74-fold improvement in antiviral activity against Omicron BA.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osbert Chou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fa Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tang Chiou
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
- Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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9
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Chang CC, Algaissi A, Lai CC, Chang CK, Lin JS, Wang YS, Chang BH, Chang YC, Chen WT, Fan YQ, Peng BH, Chao CY, Tzeng SR, Liang PH, Sung WC, Hu AYC, Chang SC, Chang MF. Subunit vaccines with a saponin-based adjuvant boost humoral and cellular immunity to MERS coronavirus. Vaccine 2023; 41:3337-3346. [PMID: 37085450 PMCID: PMC10083212 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreaks have constituted a public health issue with drastic mortality higher than 34%, necessitating the development of an effective vaccine. During MERS-CoV infection, the trimeric spike protein on the viral envelope is primarily responsible for attachment to host cellular receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). With the goal of generating a protein-based prophylactic, we designed a subunit vaccine comprising the recombinant S1 protein with a trimerization motif (S1-Fd) and examined its immunogenicity and protective immune responses in combination with various adjuvants. We found that sera from immunized wild-type and human DPP4 transgenic mice contained S1-specific antibodies that can neutralize MERS-CoV infection in susceptible cells. Vaccination with S1-Fd protein in combination with a saponin-based QS-21 adjuvant provided long-term humoral as well as cellular immunity in mice. Our findings highlight the significance of the trimeric S1 protein in the development of MERS-CoV vaccines and offer a suitable adjuvant, QS-21, to induce robust and prolonged memory T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chieh Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Biodefense and Emerging Disease, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Chia-Chun Lai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan; College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Shiuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiang Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Hau Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiuan Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Qing Fan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Hung Peng
- Department of Neurosciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Chih-Yu Chao
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Ru Tzeng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Chou Sung
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yung-Chih Hu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shin C Chang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fu Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
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10
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Yeh CY, Su SH, Tan YF, Tsai TF, Liang PH, Kelel M, Weng HJ, Hsiao YP, Lu CH, Tsai CH, Lee CH, Clausen BE, Liu FT, Lee YL. PD-L1 Enhanced by cis-Urocanic Acid on Langerhans Cells Inhibits Vγ4 + γδT17 Cells in Psoriatic Skin Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)00161-6. [PMID: 36868499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an IL-23/IL-17-mediated inflammatory autoimmune dermatosis and ultraviolet B (UVB) may contribute to immunosuppression and ameliorate associated symptoms. One of the pathophysiology underlying UVB therapy is through the production of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA) from keratinocytes. However, the detailed mechanism is yet to be fully understood. In the current study, we found filaggrin expression and serum cis-UCA levels were significantly lower in psoriasis patients than in healthy controls. We also noted that cis-UCA application inhibited psoriasiform inflammation through the reduction of Vγ4+ γδT17 cells in murine skin and draining lymph nodes. Meanwhile, CCR6 was down-regulated on γδT17 cells, which would suppress the inflammatory reaction at a distal skin site. We revealed that 5-HT2A receptor (HTR2A), the known cis-UCA receptor, was highly expressed on Langerhans cells (LCs) in the skin. cis-UCA also inhibited IL-23 expression and induced PD-L1 on LCs, leading to the attenuated proliferation and migration of γδT cells. Compared to the isotype control, α-PD-L1 treatment in vivo could reverse the anti-psoriatic effects of cis-UCA. PD-L1 expression on LCs was sustained through cis-UCA-induced MAPK/ERK pathway. These findings uncover the cis-UCA-induced PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression on LCs, which facilitates the resolution of inflammatory dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yun Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Su
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Fong Tan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsen-Fang Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Musin Kelel
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jui Weng
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Hsiao
- Department of Dermatology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Björn E Clausen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yungling Leo Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Hsiung SY, Li J, Imre B, Kao MR, Liao HC, Wang D, Chen CH, Liang PH, Harris PJ, Hsieh YSY. Structures of the xyloglucans in the monocotyledon family Araceae (aroids). Planta 2023; 257:39. [PMID: 36650257 PMCID: PMC9845173 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The xyloglucans of all aquatic Araceae species examined had unusual structures compared with those of other non-commelinid monocotyledon families previously examined. The aquatic Araceae species Lemna minor was earlier shown to have xyloglucans with a different structure from the fucogalactoxyloglucans of other non-commelinid monocotyledons. We investigated 26 Araceae species (including L. minor), from five of the seven subfamilies. All seven aquatic species examined had xyloglucans that were unusual in having one or two of three features: < 77% XXXG core motif [L. minor (Lemnoideae) and Orontium aquaticum (Orontioideae)]; no fucosylation [L. minor (Lemnoideae), Cryptocoryne aponogetonifolia, and Lagenandra ovata (Aroideae, Rheophytes clade)]; and > 14% oligosaccharide units with S or D side chains [Spirodela polyrhiza and Landoltia punctata (Lemnoideae) and Pistia stratiotes (Aroideae, Dracunculus clade)]. Orontioideae and Lemnoideae are the two most basal subfamilies, with all species being aquatic, and Aroideae is the most derived. Two terrestrial species [Dieffenbachia seguine and Spathicarpa hastifolia (Aroideae, Zantedeschia clade)] also had xyloglucans without fucose indicating this feature was not unique to aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Hsiung
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Life Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Balazs Imre
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Rong Kao
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chun Liao
- Division of Botany, Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, 552, Taiwan
| | - Damao Wang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chih-Hui Chen
- Division of Botany, Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, 552, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Philip J Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Chang CN, Lin IC, Lin TS, Chiu PF, Lu YL, Narwane M, Liu IC, Hng Y, Tsai KC, Lin MH, S. Y. Hsieh Y, Chen MJ, Liang PH. The Design, Structure–Activity, and kinetic studies of 3-Benzyl-5-oxa-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-2H-chromeno-(3,4-c)pyridin-8-yl sulfamates as Steroid sulfatase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Wang D, Kao MR, Li J, Sun P, Meng Q, Vyas A, Liang PH, Wang YS, Hsieh YSY. Novel Two-Step Process in Cellulose Depolymerization: Hematite-Mediated Photocatalysis by Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase and Fenton Reaction. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:9941-9947. [PMID: 35921143 PMCID: PMC9389612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To transform cellulose from biomass into fermentable sugars for biofuel production requires efficient enzymatic degradation of cellulosic feedstocks. The recently discovered family of oxidative enzymes, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO), has a high potential for industrial biorefinery, but its energy efficiency and scalability still have room for improvement. Hematite (α-Fe2O3) can act as a photocatalyst by providing electrons to LPMO-catalyzed reactions, is low cost, and is found abundantly on the Earth's surface. Here, we designed a composite enzymatic photocatalysis-Fenton reaction system based on nano-α-Fe2O3. The feasibility of using α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles as a composite catalyst to facilitate LPMO-catalyzed cellulose oxidative degradation in water was tested. Furthermore, a light-induced Fenton reaction was integrated to increase the liquefaction yield of cellulose. The innovative approach finalized the cellulose degradation process with a total liquefaction yield of 93%. Nevertheless, the complex chemical reactions and products involved in this system require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damao Wang
- College
of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taiwan
Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Rong Kao
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taiwan
Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jing Li
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- College
of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 220234, PR China
| | - Peicheng Sun
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qijun Meng
- Division
of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering
Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm SE1004, Sweden
| | - Anisha Vyas
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- College
of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yane-Shih Wang
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yves S. Y. Hsieh
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taiwan
Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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14
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Tseng KY, Tzeng ZH, Cheng TJR, Liang PH, Hung SC. Design and Synthesis of 1-O- and 6′-C-Modified Heparan Sulfate Trisaccharides as Human Endo-6-O-Sulfatase 1 Inhibitors. Front Chem 2022; 10:947475. [PMID: 35910734 PMCID: PMC9326219 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.947475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular human endo-6-O-sulfatases (Sulf-1 and Sulf-2) are responsible for the endolytic cleavage of the 6-sulfate groups from the internal D-glucosamine residues in the highly sulfated subdomains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. A trisaccharide sulfate, IdoA2OS-GlcNS6S-IdoA2OS, was identified as the minimal size of substrate for Sulf-1. In order to study the complex structure with Sulf-1 for developing potential drugs, two trisaccharide analogs, IdoA2OS-GlcNS6OSO2NH2-IdoA2OS-OMe and IdoA2OS-GlcNS6NS-IdoA2OS-OMe, were rationally designed and synthesized as the Sulf-1 inhibitors with IC50 values at 0.27 and 4.6 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei-Yao Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pi-Hui Liang, ; Shang-Cheng Hung,
| | - Shang-Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pi-Hui Liang, ; Shang-Cheng Hung,
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15
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Juang YP, Chou YT, Lin RX, Ma HH, Chao TL, Jan JT, Chang SY, Liang PH. Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of niclosamide analogues against SARS-CoV-2. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114295. [PMID: 35344901 PMCID: PMC8933873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Niclosamide, a widely-used anthelmintic drug, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 virus entry through TMEM16F inhibition and replication through autophagy induction, but the relatively high cytotoxicity and poor oral bioavailability limited its application. We synthesized 22 niclosamide analogues of which compound 5 was found to exhibit the best anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy (IC50 = 0.057 μ M) and compounds 6, 10, and 11 (IC50 = 0.39, 0.38, and 0.49 μ M, respectively) showed comparable efficacy to niclosamide. On the other hand, compounds 5, 6, 11 contained higher stability in human plasma and liver S9 enzymes assay than niclosamide, which could improve bioavailability and half-life when administered orally. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that compound 5 exhibited better activity in the reduction of phosphatidylserine externalization compared to niclosamide, which was related to TMEM16F inhibition. The AI-predicted protein structure of human TMEM16F protein was applied for molecular docking, revealing that 4'-NO2 of 5 formed hydrogen bonding with Arg809, which was blocked by 2'-Cl in the case of niclosamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Xian Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hua Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan,Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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16
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Chang CK, Chiu PF, Yang HY, Juang YP, Lai YH, Lin TS, Hsu LC, Yu LCH, Liang PH. Targeting Colorectal Cancer with Conjugates of a Glucose Transporter Inhibitor and 5-Fluorouracil. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4450-4461. [PMID: 33819035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of glucose transporters (GLUTs) in colorectal cancer cells is associated with 5-fluorouracil (1, 5-FU) resistance and poor clinical outcomes. We designed and synthesized a novel GLUT-targeting drug conjugate, triggered by glutathione in the tumor microenvironment, that releases 5-FU and GLUTs inhibitor (phlorizin (2) and phloretin (3)). Using an orthotopic colorectal cancer mice model, we showed that the conjugate exhibited better antitumor efficacy than 5-FU, with much lower exposure of 5-FU during treatment and without significant side effects. Our study establishes a GLUT-targeting theranostic incorporating a disulfide linker between the targeting module and cytotoxic payload as a potential antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Lai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Linda Chia-Hui Yu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
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17
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Li J, Wang D, Chang SC, Liang PH, Srivastava V, Guu SY, Shie JJ, Khoo KH, Bulone V, Hsieh YSY. Production of Structurally Defined Chito-Oligosaccharides with a Single N-Acetylation at Their Reducing End Using a Newly Discovered Chitinase from Paenibacillus pabuli. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:3371-3379. [PMID: 33688734 PMCID: PMC8041281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Partially acetylated chito-oligosaccharides (paCOSs) are bioactive compounds with potential medical applications. Their biological activities are largely dependent on their structural properties, in particular their degree of polymerization (DP) and the position of the acetyl groups along the glycan chain. The production of structurally defined paCOSs in a purified form is highly desirable to better understand the structure/bioactivity relationship of these oligosaccharides. Here, we describe a newly discovered chitinase from Paenibacillus pabuli (PpChi) and demonstrate by mass spectrometry that it essentially produces paCOSs with a DP of three and four that carry a single N-acetylation at their reducing end. We propose that this specific composition of glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues, as in GlcN(n)GlcNAc1, is due to a subsite specificity toward GlcN residues at the -2, -3, and -4 positions of the partially acetylated chitosan substrates. In addition, the enzyme is stable, as evidenced by its long shelf life, and active over a large temperature range, which is of high interest for potential use in industrial processes. It exhibits a kcat of 67.2 s-1 on partially acetylated chitosan substrates. When PpChi was used in combination with a recently discovered fungal auxilary activity (AA11) oxidase, a sixfold increase in the release of oligosaccharides from the lobster shell was measured. PpChi represents an attractive biocatalyst for the green production of highly valuable paCOSs with a well-defined structure and the expansion of the relatively small library of chito-oligosaccharides currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College
of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 220234, PR China
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, 250
Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Damao Wang
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- College
of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shu-Chieh Chang
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
| | - Shih-Yun Guu
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Shie
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Bulone
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- School
of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University
of Adelaide, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - Yves S. Y. Hsieh
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm SE10691, Sweden
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, 250
Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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18
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Kelel M, Yang RB, Tsai TF, Liang PH, Wu FY, Huang YT, Yang MF, Hsiao YP, Wang LF, Tu CF, Liu FT, Lee YL. FUT8 Remodeling of EGFR Regulates Epidermal Keratinocyte Proliferation during Psoriasis Development. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:512-522. [PMID: 32888953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
α-(1,6)-fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) is implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, but its role in psoriasis is poorly understood. In this study, we show that FUT8 remodeling of EGFR plays a critical role in the development of psoriasis phenotypes. Notably, elevated FUT8 expression was associated with disease severity in the lesional epidermis of a patient with psoriasis. FUT8 gain of function promoted HaCaT cell proliferation, whereas short hairpin FUT8 reduced cell proliferation and induced a longer S phase with downregulation of cyclin A1 expression. Furthermore, cell proliferation, which is controlled by the activation of EGFR, was shown to be regulated by FUT8 core fucosylation of EGFR. Short hairpin FUT8 significantly reduced EGFR/protein kinase B signaling and slowed EGF‒EGFR complex trafficking to the perinuclear region. Moreover, short hairpin FUT8 reduced ligand-induced EGFR dimerization. Overactivated EGFR was observed in the lesional epidermis of both human patient and psoriasis-like mouse model, whereas conditional knockout of FUT8 in an IL-23 psoriasis-like mouse model ameliorated disease phenotypes and reduced EGFR activation in the epidermis. These findings implied that elevated FUT8 expression in the lesional epidermis is implicated in the development of psoriasis phenotypes, being required for EGFR overactivation and leading to keratinocyte hyperproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musin Kelel
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Bing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsen-Fang Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Huang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fong Yang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Hsiao
- Department of Dermatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fen Tu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yungling L Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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19
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Chang SC, Saldivar RK, Liang PH, Hsieh YSY. Structures, Biosynthesis, and Physiological Functions of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-Glucans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030510. [PMID: 33673640 PMCID: PMC7997180 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
(1,3;1,4)-β-d-Glucans, also named as mixed-linkage glucans, are unbranched non-cellulosic polysaccharides containing both (1,3)- and (1,4)-β-linkages. The linkage ratio varies depending upon species origin and has a significant impact on the physicochemical properties of the (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans. (1,3;1,4)-β-d-Glucans were thought to be unique in the grasses family (Poaceae); however, evidence has shown that (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans are also synthesized in other taxa, including horsetail fern Equisetum, algae, lichens, and fungi, and more recently, bacteria. The enzyme involved in (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan biosynthesis has been well studied in grasses and cereal. However, how this enzyme is able to assemble the two different linkages remains a matter of debate. Additionally, the presence of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan across the species evolutionarily distant from Poaceae but absence in some evolutionarily closely related species suggest that the synthesis is either highly conserved or has arisen twice as a result of convergent evolution. Here, we compare the structure of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans present across various taxonomic groups and provide up-to-date information on how (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans are synthesized and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chieh Chang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.-C.C.); (R.K.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Rebecka Karmakar Saldivar
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.-C.C.); (R.K.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yves S. Y. Hsieh
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.-C.C.); (R.K.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-8-790-9937
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20
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Jan JT, Cheng TJR, Juang YP, Ma HH, Wu YT, Yang WB, Cheng CW, Chen X, Chou TH, Shie JJ, Cheng WC, Chein RJ, Mao SS, Liang PH, Ma C, Hung SC, Wong CH. Identification of existing pharmaceuticals and herbal medicines as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2021579118. [PMID: 33452205 PMCID: PMC7865145 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021579118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in more than 50 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths worldwide as of November 2020. Currently, there are no effective antivirals approved by the Food and Drug Administration to contain this pandemic except the antiviral agent remdesivir. In addition, the trimeric spike protein on the viral surface is highly glycosylated and almost 200,000 variants with mutations at more than 1,000 positions in its 1,273 amino acid sequence were reported, posing a major challenge in the development of antibodies and vaccines. It is therefore urgently needed to have alternative and timely treatments for the disease. In this study, we used a cell-based infection assay to screen more than 3,000 agents used in humans and animals, including 2,855 small molecules and 190 traditional herbal medicines, and identified 15 active small molecules in concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 50 μM. Two enzymatic assays, along with molecular modeling, were then developed to confirm those targeting the virus 3CL protease and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Several water extracts of herbal medicines were active in the cell-based assay and could be further developed as plant-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. Some of the active compounds identified in the screen were further tested in vivo, and it was found that mefloquine, nelfinavir, and extracts of Ganoderma lucidum (RF3), Perilla frutescens, and Mentha haplocalyx were effective in a challenge study using hamsters as disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hua Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ta Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hung Chou
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Shie
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jie Chein
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Shan Mao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Che Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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21
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Abstract
Saponins are amphiphilic molecules consisting of carbohydrate and either triterpenoid or steroid aglycone moieties and are noted for their multiple biological activities-Fungicidal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects have all been observed. Saponins from natural sources have long been used in herbal and traditional medicines; however, the isolation of complexed saponins from nature is difficult and laborious, due to the scarce amount and structure heterogeneity. Chemical synthesis is considered a powerful tool to expand the structural diversity of saponin, leading to the discovery of promising compounds. This review focuses on recent developments in the structure optimization and biological evaluation of synthetic triterpenoid and steroid saponin derivatives. By summarizing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) results, we hope to provide the direction for future development of saponin-based bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
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22
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Cheng WC, You TY, Teo ZZ, Sayyad AA, Maharana J, Guo CW, Liang PH, Lin CS, Meng FC. Further Insights on Structural Modifications of Muramyl Dipeptides to Study the Human NOD2 Stimulating Activity. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3836-3844. [PMID: 32975372 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogues with structural modifications at the C4 position of MurNAc and on the d-iso-glutamine (isoGln) residue of the peptide part were synthesized. The C4-diversification of MurNAc was conveniently achieved by using CuAAC click strategy to conjugate an azido muramyl dipeptide precursor with structurally diverse alkynes. d-Glutamic acid (Glu), replaced with isoGln, was applied for the structural diversity through esterification or amidation of the carboxylic acid. In total, 26 MDP analogues were synthesized and bio-evaluated for the study of human NOD2 stimulation activity in the innate immune response. Interestingly, MDP derivatives with an ester moiety are found to be more potent than reference compound MDP itself or MDP analogues containing an amide moiety. Among the varied lengths of the alkyl chain in ester derivatives, the MDP analogue bearing the d-glutamate dodecyl (C12) ester moiety showed the best NOD2 stimulation potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Cheng-Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yun You
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Zhen-Zhuo Teo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ashik A Sayyad
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Jitendra Maharana
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Chemical biology and molecular Biophysics (CBMB), Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd., Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Guo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shun Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Chun Meng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nangang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
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23
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Hng Y, Lin MH, Lin TS, Liu IC, Lin IC, Lu YL, Chang CN, Chiu PF, Tsai KC, Chen MJ, Liang PH. Design and synthesis of 3-benzylaminocoumarin-7-O-sulfamate derivatives as steroid sulfatase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103618. [PMID: 32059152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase (STS) is a sulfatase enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to free steroid. The inhibition of STS could abate estrogenic steroids that stimulate the proliferation and development of breast cancer, and therefore STS is a potential target for adjuvant endocrine therapy. In this study, a series of 3-benzylaminocoumarin-7-O-sulfamate derivatives targeting STS were designed and synthesized. Structure-relationship activities (SAR) analysis revealed that attachment of a benzylamino group at the 3-position of coumarin improved inhibitory activity. Compound 3j was found to have the highest inhibition activity against human placenta isolated STS (IC50 0.13 μM) and MCF-7 cell lines (IC50 1.35 µM). Kinetic studies found compound 3j to be an irreversible inhibitor of STS, with KI and kinact value of 86.9 nM and 158.7 min-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Nien Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Livia Shangyu Wan Scholar, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan.
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24
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Huang CY, Huang CY, Pai YC, Lin BR, Lee TC, Liang PH, Yu LCH. Glucose Metabolites Exert Opposing Roles in Tumor Chemoresistance. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1282. [PMID: 31824857 PMCID: PMC6881467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogrammed glucose metabolism and increased glycolysis have been implicated in tumor chemoresistance. The aim was to investigate the distinct roles of the glucose metabolites pyruvate and ATP in chemoresistance mechanisms, including cell death and proliferation. Our data showed higher glucose transporters in colorectal cancer (CRC) from non-responsive patients than those responsive to chemotherapy. Human CRC cell lines exposed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) displayed elevated cell viability and larger tumors in xenograft mouse models if cultured in high-glucose medium. Glucose conferred resistance to 5-FU-induced necroptosis via pyruvate scavenging of mitochondrial free radicals, whereas ATP replenishment had no effect on cell death. Glucose attenuated the 5-FU-induced G0/G1 shift but not the S phase arrest. Opposing effects were observed by glucose metabolites; ATP increased while pyruvate decreased the G0/G1 shift. Lastly, 5-FU-induced tumor spheroid destruction was prevented by glucose and pyruvate, but not by ATP. Our finding argues against ATP as the main effector for glucose-mediated chemoresistance and supports a key role of glycolytic pyruvate as an antioxidant for dual modes of action: necroptosis reduction and a cell cycle shift to a quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Huang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Pai
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Been-Ren Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Linda Chia-Hui Yu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Lin TS, Hsieh CH, Kuo C, Juang YP, Hsieh YSY, Chiang H, Hung SC, Jiang CC, Liang PH. Sulfation pattern of chondroitin sulfate in human osteoarthritis cartilages reveals a lower level of chondroitin-4-sulfate. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115496. [PMID: 31826425 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfates (CS) account for more than 80% of the glycosaminoglycans of articular cartilage, which impart its physiological functions. We quantified the absolute concentration of the CS components of the full thickness cartilages from the knees of patients with terminal-phase osteoarthritis. Osteochondrol biopsies were removed from the medial femoral condyle and lateral femoral condyle of sixty female patients received total knee arthroplasty, aged from 58 to 83 years old. We found the total CS concentrations and chondroitin-4-sulfate disaccharide were significantly lowered in osteoarthritic samples. Microstructure analysis indicated while chondroitin-0-sulfate was equally distributed across different zones of the osteoarthritic cartilages, chondroitin-4-sulfate is significantly less in the deep zones. Down-regulation of sulfotransferases, the enzymes responsible for CS sulfation, in the lesion site of cartilage were observed. Our study suggested chondroitin-4-sulfate down-regulation can be a diagnostic marker for degraded osteoarthritis cartilage, with potential implications in cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 128, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chin Kuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, SE106 91, Sweden
| | - Hongsen Chiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | | | - Ching-Chuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 128, Taiwan.
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26
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Li J, Wang D, Xing X, Cheng TJR, Liang PH, Bulone V, Park JH, Hsieh YS. Structural analysis and biological activity of cell wall polysaccharides extracted from Panax ginseng marc. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Abstract
Apigenin, a flavone abundant in parsley and celery, is known to act on several CNS receptors, but its very poor water solubility (<0.001 mg/mL) impedes its absorption in vivo and prevents clinical use. Herein, apigenin was directly conjugated with glycine, l-phenylalanine, and l-lysine to give the corresponding carbamate derivatives, all of which were much more soluble than apigenin itself (0.017, 0.018, and 0.13 mg/mL, respectively). The Lys-apigenin carbamate 10 had a temporary sedative effect on the mice within 5 min of intraperitoneal administration (single dose of 0.4 mg/g) and could be detected in the mice brain tissues at a concentration of 0.82 μg/g of intact Lys-apigenin carbamate 10 and 0.42 ug/g of apigenin at 1.5 h. This study accomplished the delivery of apigenin across the BBB in a manner that might be applicable to other congeners, which should inform the future development of BBB-crossing flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yun Wong
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shian Tsai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology , National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology , National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Medicine , National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
- The Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei 128 , Taiwan
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28
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Chan SH, Liang PH, Guh JH. An integrated approach to elucidate signaling pathways of dioscin-induced apoptosis, energy metabolism and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:587-602. [PMID: 29594316 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the therapeutics have improved the rates of remission and cure of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in recent decades, there is still an unmet medical need for AML therapies because disease relapses are a major obstacle in patients who become refractory to salvage therapy. The development of therapeutic agents promoting both cytotoxicity and cell differentiation may provide opportunities to improve the clinical outcome. Dioscin-induced apoptosis in leukemic cells was identified through death receptor-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway. The formation of Bak and tBid, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were induced by dioscin suggesting the activation of intrinsic apoptotsis pathway. A functional analysis of transcription factors using transcription factor-DNA interaction array and IPA analysis demonstrated that dioscin induced a profound increase of protein expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), a critical factor for myeloid differentiation. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis assay confirmed the increase of C/EBPα expression. Dioscin-induced differentiation was substantiated by an increase of CD11b protein expression and the induction of differentiation toward myelomonocytic/granulocytic lineages using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Moreover, both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis assay and IPA network enrichment analysis were proposed to dioscin action. In conclusion, the data suggest that dioscin exerts its antileukemic effect through the upregulation of both death ligands and death receptors and a crosstalk activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway with the collaboration of tBid and Bak formation. In addition, proteomics approach reveals an altered metabolic signature of dioscin-treated cells and the induction of differentiation of promyelocytes to granulocytes and monocytes in which the C/EBPα plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No.33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No.33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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29
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Lu YJ, Lai YH, Lin YY, Wang YC, Liang PH. 2- O- N-Benzylcarbamoyl as a Protecting Group To Promote β-Selective Glycosylation and Its Applications in the Stereoselective Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3688-3701. [PMID: 29512381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the utility of the N-benzylcarbamoyl (BnCar) protecting group in glycosylation reactions of the parent O-2 protected carbohydrate donor. It was found that the BnCar group imparted exclusively β-selectivity with primary and secondary alcohols. A mechanistic study revealed the activated intermediate to be the glycosyl triflate in a skew conformation, which results in β-selective glycosylation via an SN2-like pathway. The BnCar group can be readily cleaved using tetrabutylammonium nitrite, without affecting ester and ether protecting groups. Taken together, these results show BnCar to be useful for the synthesis of complex oligosaccharides, an undertaking that requires delicate chemical differentiation of various protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Jen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Lai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
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30
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Cheng HW, Wang HW, Wong TY, Yeh HW, Chen YC, Liu DZ, Liang PH. Synthesis of S-linked NeuAc-α(2-6)-di-LacNAc bearing liposomes for H1N1 influenza virus inhibition assays. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2262-2270. [PMID: 29472127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
S-NeuAc-α(2-6)-di-LacNAc (5) was efficiently synthesized by a [2+2] followed by a [1+4] glycosylation, and later conjugated with 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DLPE) to form both single-layer and multi-layer homogeneous liposomes in the presence of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol. These liposomes were found to be weak inhibitors in both the influenza virus entry assay and the hemagglutination inhibition assay. The single layer liposome was found to more efficiently interfere with the entry of the H1N1 influenza virus into MDCK cells than the multilayer liposome containing 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yun Wong
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wei Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan.
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31
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Ho YH, Wang KJ, Hung PY, Cheng YS, Liu JR, Fung ST, Liang PH, Chern JW, Yu CW. A highly HDAC6-selective inhibitor acts as a fluorescent probe. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7820-7832. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00966j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 receives great attention because of its therapeutic potential for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsun Ho
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Kuang-Jui Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | | | - Yi-Sheng Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology
- College of Life Science
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Sheang-Tze Fung
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
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Lin YY, Chan SH, Juang YP, Hsiao HM, Guh JH, Liang PH. Design, synthesis and cytotoxic activity of N-Modified oleanolic saponins bearing A glucosamine. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1942-1958. [PMID: 29133061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-acyl, N-alkoxycarbonyl, and N-alkylcarbamoyl derivatives of 2'-deoxy-glucosyl bearing oleanolic saponins were synthesized and evaluated against HL-60, PC-3, and HT29 tumor cancer cells. The SAR studies revealed that the activity increased in order of conjugation of 2' -amino group with carbamate > amide > urea derivatives. Lengthening the alkyl chain increased the cytotoxicity, the peak activity was found to around heptyl to nonyl substitutions. 2'-N-heptoxycarbonyl derivative 56 was found to be the most cytotoxic (IC50 = 0.76 μM) against HL-60 cells. Due to the interesting SARs of alkyl substitutions, we hypothesized that their location in the cell was different, and pursued a location study using 2'-(4″-pentynoylamino) 2'-deoxy-glucosyl OA, which suggested that these compounds distributed mainly in the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichuang 433, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pu Juang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Min Hsiao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; The Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan.
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Lin CC, Su SC, Su MY, Liang PH, Feng CC, Wu SH, Chang CI. Structural Insights into the Allosteric Operation of the Lon AAA+ Protease. Structure 2016; 24:667-675. [PMID: 27041592 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Lon AAA+ protease (LonA) is an evolutionarily conserved protease that couples the ATPase cycle into motion to drive substrate translocation and degradation. A hallmark feature shared by AAA+ proteases is the stimulation of ATPase activity by substrates. Here we report the structure of LonA bound to three ADPs, revealing the first AAA+ protease assembly where the six protomers are arranged alternately in nucleotide-free and bound states. Nucleotide binding induces large coordinated movements of conserved pore loops from two pairs of three non-adjacent protomers and shuttling of the proteolytic groove between the ATPase site and a previously unknown Arg paddle. Structural and biochemical evidence supports the roles of the substrate-bound proteolytic groove in allosteric stimulation of ATPase activity and the conserved Arg paddle in driving substrate degradation. Altogether, this work provides a molecular framework for understanding how ATP-dependent chemomechanical movements drive allosteric processes for substrate degradation in a major protein-destruction machine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chu Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC; Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, ROC
| | - Shih-Chieh Su
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, ROC
| | - Ming-Yuan Su
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10051, ROC
| | - Chia-Cheng Feng
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, ROC
| | - Chung-I Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, ROC.
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Chen KT, Huang DY, Chiu CH, Lin WW, Liang PH, Cheng WC. Synthesis of Diverse N-Substituted Muramyl Dipeptide Derivatives and Their Use in a Study of Human NOD2 Stimulation Activity. Chemistry 2015; 21:11984-8. [PMID: 26226896 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A flexible synthetic strategy toward the preparation of diverse N-substituted muramyl dipeptides (N-substituted MDPs) from different protected monosaccharides is described. The synthetic MDPs include N-acetyl MDP and N-glycolyl MDP, known NOD2 ligands, and this methodology allows for structural variation at six positions, including the muramic acid, peptide, and N-substituted moieties. The capacity of these molecules to activate human NOD2 in the innate immune response was also investigated. It was found that addition of the methyl group at the C1 position of N-glycolyl MDP significantly enhanced the NOD2 stimulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ting Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115 (Taiwan).,School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100 (Taiwan)
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei 100 (Taiwan)
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chiu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115 (Taiwan)
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei 100 (Taiwan).
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100 (Taiwan).
| | - Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115 (Taiwan).
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Jiang PL, Lin HJ, Wang HW, Tsai WY, Lin SF, Chien MY, Liang PH, Huang YY, Liu DZ. Galactosylated liposome as a dendritic cell-targeted mucosal vaccine for inducing protective anti-tumor immunity. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:356-67. [PMID: 25242652 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces contain specialized dendritic cells (DCs) that are able to recognize foreign pathogens and mount protective immunity. We previously demonstrated that intranasal administration of targeted galactosylated liposomes can elicit mucosal and systemic antibody responses. In the present study, we assessed whether galactosylated liposomes could act as an effective DC-targeted mucosal vaccine that would be capable of inducing systemic anti-tumor immunity as well as antibody responses. We show that targeted galactosylated liposomes effectively facilitated antigen uptake by DCs beyond that mediated by unmodified liposomes both in vitro and in vivo. Targeted galactosylated liposomes induced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than unmodified liposomes in vitro. C57BL/6 mice thrice immunized intranasally with ovalbumin (OVA)-encapsulated galactosylated liposomes produced high levels of OVA-specific IgG antibodies in their serum. Spleen cells from mice receiving galactosylated liposomes were restimulated with OVA and showed significantly augmented levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-6. In addition, intranasal administration of OVA-encapsulated beta-galactosylated liposomes resulted in complete protection against EG7 tumor challenge in C57BL/6 mice. Taken together, these results indicate that nasal administration of a galactosylated liposome vaccine mediates the development of an effective immunity against tumors and might be useful for further clinical anti-tumoral applications.
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Yeh HW, Lin TS, Wang HW, Cheng HW, Liu DZ, Liang PH. S-Linked sialyloligosaccharides bearing liposomes and micelles as influenza virus inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11518-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01376c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
S-Linked sialic glycoconjugates on liposome and micelle surfaces interacted with influenza virus hemagglutinin, interfering with the entry of the virus into the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Wei Yeh
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
| | - Hou-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering
- College of Oral Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 110
- Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
- Taiwan
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37
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Liang PH, Hsin LW, Pong SL, Hsu CH, Cheng CY. Synthesis of Galanthamine Analogs as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors via Intramolecular Heck Cyclization. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Lin TS, Liw YW, Song JS, Hsieh TC, Yeh HW, Hsu LC, Lin CJ, Wu SH, Liang PH. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel C-aryl d-glucofuranosides as sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6282-91. [PMID: 24071445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel C-aryl-d-glucofuranosides were synthesized and evaluated for their capacity to inhibit human sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (hSGLT2) and hSGLT1. Compound 21q demonstrated the best in vitro inhibitory activity against SGLT2 in this series (EC50=0.62μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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39
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Yang CY, Chen JB, Tsai TF, Tsai YC, Tsai CY, Liang PH, Hsu TL, Wu CY, Netea MG, Wong CH, Hsieh SL. CLEC4F is an inducible C-type lectin in F4/80-positive cells and is involved in alpha-galactosylceramide presentation in liver. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65070. [PMID: 23762286 PMCID: PMC3675125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CLEC4F, a member of C-type lectin, was first purified from rat liver extract with high binding affinity to fucose, galactose (Gal), N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), and un-sialylated glucosphingolipids with GalNAc or Gal terminus. However, the biological functions of CLEC4F have not been elucidated. To address this question, we examined the expression and distribution of murine CLEC4F, determined its binding specificity by glycan array, and investigated its function using CLEC4F knockout (Clec4f-/-) mice. We found that CLEC4F is a heavily glycosylated membrane protein co-expressed with F4/80 on Kupffer cells. In contrast to F4/80, CLEC4F is detectable in fetal livers at embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5) but not in yolk sac, suggesting the expression of CLEC4F is induced as cells migrate from yolk cells to the liver. Even though CLEC4F is not detectable in tissues outside liver, both residential Kupffer cells and infiltrating mononuclear cells surrounding liver abscesses are CLEC4F-positive upon Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) infection. While CLEC4F has strong binding to Gal and GalNAc, terminal fucosylation inhibits CLEC4F recognition to several glycans such as Fucosyl GM1, Globo H, Bb3∼4 and other fucosyl-glycans. Moreover, CLEC4F interacts with alpha-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) in a calcium-dependent manner and participates in the presentation of α-GalCer to natural killer T (NKT) cells. This suggests that CLEC4F is a C-type lectin with diverse binding specificity expressed on residential Kupffer cells and infiltrating monocytes in the liver, and may play an important role to modulate glycolipids presentation on Kupffer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ya Yang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Bo Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Tsai
- Transgenic Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Liang Hsieh
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine & Infection and Immunity Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Immunology Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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40
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Wang YH, Yeh HW, Wang HW, Yu CC, Guh JH, Liu DZ, Liang PH. Synthesis of a chlorogenin glycoside library using an orthogonal protecting group strategy. Carbohydr Res 2013; 375:118-35. [PMID: 23707361 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring spirostanol saponins bear a chacotriose, α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranose residue as the oligosaccharide moiety which is believed to be important for biological activity. Herein the development of a concise, combinatorial method for the synthesis of two series of glycan variants at the 2' and/or 4' positions of chacotriose is described and the structure-activity relationships of the glycone part at 3-OH of chlorogenin investigated. These compounds were found to be weakly-cytotoxic toward leukemia cell lines CCRF and HL-20, indicating that the chacotriose moiety is important for anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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41
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Wang HW, Jiang PL, Lin SF, Lin HJ, Ou KL, Deng WP, Lee LW, Huang YY, Liang PH, Liu DZ. Application of galactose-modified liposomes as a potent antigen presenting cell targeted carrier for intranasal immunization. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5681-8. [PMID: 23159567 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system produces secretory IgA (sIgA) as the first line of defense against invasion by foreign pathogens. Our aim was to develop a galactose-modified liposome as a targeted carrier which can be specifically recognized by macrophage, one of the most important antigen presenting cells. First, galactose was covalently conjugated with 1,2-didodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DLPE) to give a targeted ligand, a galactosyl lipid. The galactosyl lipid was then incorporated into a liposomal bilayer to form a galactosylated liposome carrier. Further, the ovalbumin (OVA) was encapsulated into the galactosylated liposome carriers and mice were intranasally immunized. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry analysis showed that the targeted galactosylated liposome carrier had a higher uptake rate than unmodified liposomes. The targeted galactosylated liposome induced higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 production than unmodified liposomes (P<0.05). Furthermore, 6-week-old BALB/c female mice immunized with the OVA-encapsulated targeted galactosylated liposome had significantly higher OVA-specific s-IgA levels in the nasal and lung wash fluid (P<0.05). In addition, the targeted galactosylated liposome simultaneously augmented the serum IgG antibody response. In summary, the OVA-encapsulated targeted galactosylated liposome induced significantly higher mucosal IgA and systemic IgG antibody titers and is a potential antigen delivery carrier for further clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Wen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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42
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Chang HC, Yang SF, Huang CC, Lin TS, Liang PH, Lin CJ, Hsu LC. Development of a novel non-radioactive cell-based method for the screening of SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitors using 1-NBDG. Mol BioSyst 2013; 9:2010-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70060g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Chen KT, Kuan YC, Fu WC, Liang PH, Cheng TJR, Wong CH, Cheng WC. Rapid preparation of mycobacterium N-glycolyl Lipid I and Lipid II derivatives: a biocatalytic approach. Chemistry 2012; 19:834-8. [PMID: 23229320 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breaking down barriers: A rapid, inexpensive preparation of the structurally complex mycobacterial N-glycolyl Lipid I, Lipid II, and their analogues from a range of different synthetic N-glycolyl and N-glycinyl Park's nucleotides is described (see scheme). The biotransformations were catalyzed by a readily available biocatalyst obtained from a bacterial cell-free membrane fraction. The unnatural N-glycinyl Lipid II was found to be a substrate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transglycosylase, PonA, and N-glycolyl Lipid I was a weak inhibitor against PonA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ting Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang,Taipei, 115, Taiwan
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44
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Hsieh MH, Hung JT, Liw YW, Lu YJ, Wong CH, Yu AL, Liang PH. Synthesis and evaluation of acyl-chain- and galactose-6''-modified analogues of α-GalCer for NKT cell activation. Chembiochem 2012; 13:1689-97. [PMID: 22730199 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
α-GalCer is an immunostimulating glycolipid that binds to CD1d molecules and activates invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. Here we report a scaled-up synthesis of α-GalCer analogues with modifications in the acyl side chain and/or at the galactose 6''-position, together with their evaluation in vitro and in vivo. Analogues containing 11-phenylundecanoyl acyl side chains with aromatic substitutions (14, 16-21) and Gal-6''-phenylacetamide-substituted α-GalCer analogues bearing p-nitro- (32), p-tert-butyl (34), or o-, m-, or p-methyl groups (40-42) displayed higher IFN-γ/IL-4 secretion ratios than α-GalCer in vitro. In mice, compound 16, with an 11-(3,4-difluorophenyl)undecanoyl acyl chain, induced significant proliferation of NK and DC cells, which should be beneficial in killing tumors and priming the immune response. These new glycolipids might prove useful as adjuvants or anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Han Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1, Jen-Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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45
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Meng FC, Chen KT, Huang LY, Shih HW, Chang HH, Nien FY, Liang PH, Cheng TJR, Wong CH, Cheng WC. Total synthesis of polyprenyl N-glycolyl lipid II as a mycobacterial transglycosylase substrate. Org Lett 2011; 13:5306-9. [PMID: 21913698 DOI: 10.1021/ol2021687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A feasible synthetic approach toward the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) N-glycolyl lipid II-like molecule 1 is described. Compound 1 bears pendant undecaprenol and l-lysin moieties instead of the naturally occurring decaprenol and meso-diaminopimelic acid, which are not readily available. Functionalization of 1 with a fluorophore on the peptide side chain gave 14, which was found to be recognized as an Mtb TGase substrate. This result suggests it has tremendous utility for mechanistic studies, the characterization of mycobacterial enzymes, and mycobacterial TGase inhibitor evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Chun Meng
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
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46
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47
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Abstract
The development of glycan arrays has enabled the high-sensitivity and high-throughput analysis of carbohydrate-protein interactions and contributed to significant advances in glycomics. A number of new array platforms that allow for qualitative and quantitative analysis of mono- and multivalent interactions on surfaces have been developed recently. Glycan arrays are not only a powerful tool for basic research, but also a promising technique for medical diagnosis, and detection of pathogens and cancers. These studies also have led to the design of efficient carbohydrate-based antimicrobial or anticancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Wu
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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48
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49
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Liang PH, Imamura M, Li X, Wu D, Fujio M, Guy RT, Wu BC, Tsuji M, Wong CH. Quantitative microarray analysis of intact glycolipid-CD1d interaction and correlation with cell-based cytokine production. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:12348-54. [PMID: 18712867 DOI: 10.1021/ja8012787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The protein CD1d binds self and foreign glycolipids for presentation to CD1-restricted T cells by means of TCR recognition and activates T(H)1 and T(H)2 chemokine release. In this study, a variety of glycolipid ligands were attached to a microarray surface and their binding with dimeric CD1d was investigated. An alpha-galactosyl ceramide (alpha-GalCer) bearing a carbamate group at the 6'-OH position was tethered to the surface, and the dissociation constant on surface with CD1d was determined to reflect the multivalent interaction. Competition assays were then used to determine the dissociation constants (Ki) of new and intact glycolipids in solution. The 4-fluorophenyloctanoyl-modified alpha-GalCer (18) was found to bind most strongly with CD1d (Ki 0.21 microM), 2 orders of magnitude stronger than alpha-GalCer and more than three times more selective than alpha-GalCer for IFN-gamma release from NKT cells. Various alpha-GalCer analogues were analyzed, and the results showed that the binding affinity of glycolipids to CD1d correlates well with IFN-gamma production but poorly with IL-4 secretion by NKT cells, suggesting that tighter binding ligands could bias cytokine release through the T(H)1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Hui Liang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang Dist., Taipei, Taiwan 11529
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50
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Abstract
Carbohydrates and their conjugates are involved in various biological events, including viral and bacterial infection, the immune response, differentiation and development, and the progression of tumor cell metastasis. Glycan arrays are a new technology that has enabled the high-sensitivity and rapid analysis carbohydrate–protein interaction and contribute to significant advances in glycomics. Glycan arrays use a minute amount of materials and can be used for high-throughput profiling and quantitative analysis and provide information for the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines and new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Hui Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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