51
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Chen PC, Tsai WJ, Ueng YF, Tzeng TT, Chen HL, Zhu PR, Huang CH, Shiao YJ, Li WT. Neuroprotective and Antineuroinflammatory Effects of Hydroxyl-Functionalized Stilbenes and 2-Arylbenzo[b]furans. J Med Chem 2017; 60:4062-4073. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Chen
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Jern Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yune-Fang Ueng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsai-Teng Tzeng
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiang-Ling Chen
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ru Zhu
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Hsiang Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Young-Ji Shiao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
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52
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Ismaili L, Refouvelet B, Benchekroun M, Brogi S, Brindisi M, Gemma S, Campiani G, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Esteban G, Unzeta M, Nikolic K, Butini S, Marco-Contelles J. Multitarget compounds bearing tacrine- and donepezil-like structural and functional motifs for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 151:4-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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53
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Novel conjugates of aminoadamantanes with carbazole derivatives as potential multitarget agents for AD treatment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45627. [PMID: 28358144 PMCID: PMC5372361 DOI: 10.1038/srep45627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new group of compounds, promising for the design of original multitarget therapeutic agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases, based on conjugates of aminoadamantane and carbazole derivatives was synthesized and investigated. Compounds of these series were found to interact with a group of targets that play an important role in the development of this type of diseases. First of all, these compounds selectively inhibit butyrylcholinesterase, block NMDA receptors containing NR2B subunits while maintaining the properties of MK-801 binding site blockers, exert microtubules stabilizing properties, and possess the ability to protect nerve cells from death at the calcium overload conditions. The leading compound C-2h has been shown the most promising effects on all analyzed parameters. Thus, these compounds can be regarded as promising candidates for the design of multi-target disease-modifying drugs for treatment of AD and/or similar neuropathologies.
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54
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de Candia M, Zaetta G, Denora N, Tricarico D, Majellaro M, Cellamare S, Altomare CD. New azepino[4,3-b]indole derivatives as nanomolar selective inhibitors of human butyrylcholinesterase showing protective effects against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:288-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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55
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Wang Y, Wang H, Chen HZ. AChE Inhibition-based Multi-target-directed Ligands, a Novel Pharmacological Approach for the Symptomatic and Disease-modifying Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:364-75. [PMID: 26786145 PMCID: PMC4876592 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160119094820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elder people, characterised by a progressive decline in memory as a result of an impairment of cholinergic neurotransmission. To date acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) have become the most prescribed drugs for the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate AD. However, the traditional “one molecule-one target” paradigm is not sufficient and appropriate to yield the desired therapeutic efficacy since multiple factors, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased levels of acetylcholine (ACh) have been thought to play significant roles in the AD pathogenesis. New generation of multi-target drugs is earnestly demanded not only for ameliorating symptoms but also for modifying the disease. Herein, we delineated the catalytic and non-catalytic functions of AChE, and summarized the works of our group and others in research and development of novel AChEI-based multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs), such as dual binding site AChEIs and multi-target AChEIs inhibiting Aβ aggregation, regulating Aβ procession, antagonizing platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, scavenging oxygen radical, chelating metal ions, inhibiting monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), blocking N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor and others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| | - Hong-zhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
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56
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Nikiforuk A, Potasiewicz A, Kos T, Popik P. The combination of memantine and galantamine improves cognition in rats: The synergistic role of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine and NMDA receptors. Behav Brain Res 2016; 313:214-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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57
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Reggiani AM, Simoni E, Caporaso R, Meunier J, Keller E, Maurice T, Minarini A, Rosini M, Cavalli A. In Vivo Characterization of ARN14140, a Memantine/Galantamine-Based Multi-Target Compound for Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33172. [PMID: 27609215 PMCID: PMC5016838 DOI: 10.1038/srep33172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic pathological condition that leads to neurodegeneration, loss of intellectual abilities, including cognition and memory, and ultimately to death. It is widely recognized that AD is a multifactorial disease, where different pathological cascades (mainly amyloid and tau) contribute to neural death and to the clinical outcome related to the disease. The currently available drugs for AD were developed according to the one-target, one-drug paradigm. In recent times, multi-target strategies have begun to play an increasingly central role in the discovery of more efficacious candidates for complex neurological conditions, including AD. In this study, we report on the in vivo pharmacological characterization of ARN14140, a new chemical entity, which was obtained through a multi-target structure-activity relationship campaign, and which showed a balanced inhibiting profile against the acetylcholinesterase enzyme and the NMDA receptor. Based on the initial promising biochemical data, ARN14140 is here studied in mice treated with the amyloidogenic fragment 25-35 of the amyloid-β peptide, a consolidated non-transgenic AD model. Sub-chronically treating animals with ARN14140 leads to a prevention of the cognitive impairment and of biomarker levels connected to neurodegeneration, demonstrating its neuroprotective potential as new AD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo M Reggiani
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Simoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Caporaso
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Tangui Maurice
- Amylgen, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France.,INSERM U1198, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Rosini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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58
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Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Zheleva D, Atanasova M, Konstantinov S, Doytchinova I. Docking-based Design of Galantamine Derivatives with Dual-site Binding to Acetylcholinesterase. Mol Inform 2016; 35:278-85. [PMID: 27492242 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase is a key target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease because of its ability to hydrolyze acetylcholine via the catalytic binding site and to accelerate the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide via the peripheral anionic site (PAS). Using docking-based predictions, in the present study we design 20 novel galantamine derivatives with alkylamide spacers of different length ending with aromatic fragments. The galantamine moiety blocks the catalytic site, while the terminal aromatic fragments bind in PAS. The best predicted compounds are synthesized and tested for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The experimental results confirm the predictions and show that the heptylamide spacer is of optimal length to bridge the galantamine moiety bound in the catalytic site and the aromatic fragments interacting with PAS. Among the tested terminal aromatic fragments, the phenethyl substituent is the most suitable for binding in PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. 9, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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59
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Prati F, Cavalli A, Bolognesi ML. Navigating the Chemical Space of Multitarget-Directed Ligands: From Hybrids to Fragments in Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2016; 21:466. [PMID: 27070562 PMCID: PMC6273289 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multitarget drug discovery is one of the hottest topics and most active fields in the search for new molecules against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Over the last 20 years, many promising multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) have been identified and developed at a pre-clinical level. However, how to design them in a rational way remains the most fundamental challenge of medicinal chemists. This is related to the foundational question of achieving an optimized activity towards multiple targets of interest, while preserving drug-like properties. In this respect, large hybrid molecules and small fragments are poles apart. In this review article, our aim is to appraise what we have accomplished in the development of both hybrid- and fragment-like molecules directed to diverse AD targets (i.e., acetylcholinesterase, NMDA receptors, metal chelation, BACE-1 and GSK-3β). In addition, we attempt to highlight what are the persistent needs that deserve to be improved and cared for, with the ultimate goal of moving an MTDL to AD clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- Sir James Black Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
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60
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Natural Xanthones from Garcinia mangostana with Multifunctional Activities for the Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1806-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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61
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Multitarget strategies in Alzheimer's disease: benefits and challenges on the road to therapeutics. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:697-711. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial syndrome, for which effective cures are urgently needed. Seeking for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, multitarget drugs have been increasingly sought after over the last decades. They offer the attractive prospect of tackling intricate network effects, but with the benefits of a single-molecule therapy. Herein, we highlight relevant progress in the field, focusing on acetylcholinesterase inhibition and amyloid pathways as two pivotal features in multitarget design strategies. We also discuss the intertwined relationship between selected molecular targets and give a brief glimpse into the power of multitarget agents as pharmacological probes of Alzheimer's disease molecular mechanisms.
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62
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Dym O, Song W, Felder C, Roth E, Shnyrov V, Ashani Y, Xu Y, Joosten RP, Weiner L, Sussman JL, Silman I. The impact of crystallization conditions on structure-based drug design: A case study on the methylene blue/acetylcholinesterase complex. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1096-114. [PMID: 26990888 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based drug design utilizes apoprotein or complex structures retrieved from the PDB. >57% of crystallographic PDB entries were obtained with polyethylene glycols (PEGs) as precipitant and/or as cryoprotectant, but <6% of these report presence of individual ethyleneglycol oligomers. We report a case in which ethyleneglycol oligomers' presence in a crystal structure markedly affected the bound ligand's position. Specifically, we compared the positions of methylene blue and decamethonium in acetylcholinesterase complexes obtained using isomorphous crystals precipitated with PEG200 or ammonium sulfate. The ligands' positions within the active-site gorge in complexes obtained using PEG200 are influenced by presence of ethyleneglycol oligomers in both cases bound to W84 at the gorge's bottom, preventing interaction of the ligand's proximal quaternary group with its indole. Consequently, both ligands are ∼3.0Å further up the gorge than in complexes obtained using crystals precipitated with ammonium sulfate, in which the quaternary groups make direct π-cation interactions with the indole. These findings have implications for structure-based drug design, since data for ligand-protein complexes with polyethylene glycol as precipitant may not reflect the ligand's position in its absence, and could result in selecting incorrect drug discovery leads. Docking methylene blue into the structure obtained with PEG200, but omitting the ethyleneglycols, yields results agreeing poorly with the crystal structure; excellent agreement is obtained if they are included. Many proteins display features in which precipitants might lodge. It will be important to investigate presence of precipitants in published crystal structures, and whether it has resulted in misinterpreting electron density maps, adversely affecting drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Dym
- Israel Structural Proteomics Center, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Wanling Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (22), China
| | - Clifford Felder
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Esther Roth
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Valery Shnyrov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Yacov Ashani
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yechun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (22), China
| | - Robbie P Joosten
- Department of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, CX, 1066, the Netherlands
| | - Lev Weiner
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Joel L Sussman
- Israel Structural Proteomics Center, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.,Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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63
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Jourdan JP, Since M, El Kihel L, Lecoutey C, Corvaisier S, Legay R, Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos J, Cresteil T, Malzert-Fréon A, Rochais C, Dallemagne P. Novel benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones with pleiotropic activities potentially useful in Alzheimer's disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:365-79. [PMID: 27046230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and the biological evaluation of novel benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones as potential antioxidant, metal chelating or amyloid β (βA) aggregation inhibitors. Some derivatives exhibited interesting results in regard to several of the performed evaluations and appear as valuable Multi-Target Directed Ligands with potential therapeutic interest in Alzheimer's disease. Among them, compound 29 particularly appears as a valuable radical and NO scavenger, a Cu(II) and Fe(II) chelating agent and exhibits moderate βA aggregation inhibition properties. These activities, associated to a good predictive bioavailability and a lack of cytotoxicity, design it as a promising hit for further in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Jourdan
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Marc Since
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Laïla El Kihel
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Cédric Lecoutey
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Corvaisier
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Rémi Legay
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | | | - Thierry Cresteil
- CIBLOT, IPSIT - IFR14, 5 rue Jean Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Aurélie Malzert-Fréon
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Christophe Rochais
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France.
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France.
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64
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Micoli A, De Simone A, Russo D, Ottonello G, Colombano G, Ruda GF, Bandiera T, Cavalli A, Bottegoni G. Aryl and heteroaryl N-[4-[4-(2,3-substituted-phenyl)piperazine-1-yl]alkyl]carbamates with improved physico-chemical properties as dual modulators of dopamine D3 receptor and fatty acid amide hydrolase. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Improving the physico-chemical profile of a MTDL series.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Micoli
- CompuNet
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | - A. De Simone
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - D. Russo
- PharmaChemistry
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | - G. Ottonello
- PharmaChemistry
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | - G. Colombano
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit
- The Institute of Cancer Research
- Sutton
- UK
| | - G. F. Ruda
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX3 7DQ
- UK
- Target Discovery Institute (TDI)
| | - T. Bandiera
- PharmaChemistry
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | - A. Cavalli
- CompuNet
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
- FaBit
| | - G. Bottegoni
- CompuNet
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
- BiKi Technologies S.r.l
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65
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Biflavonoids as Potential Small Molecule Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 863:55-77. [PMID: 26092626 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring phytochemicals found in a variety of fruits and vegetables and offer color, flavor, aroma, nutritional and health benefits. Flavonoids have been found to play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting and/or modifying the self-assembly of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into oligomers and fibrils, which are linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The neuroprotective efficacy of flavonoids has been found to strongly depend on their structure and functional groups. Flavonoids may exist in monomeric, as well as di-, tri-, tetra- or polymeric form through C-C or C-O-C linkages. It has been shown that flavonoids containing two or more units, e.g., biflavonoids, exert greater biological activity than their respective monoflavonoids. For instance, biflavonoids have the ability to distinctly alter Aβ aggregation and more effectively reduce the toxicity of Aβ oligomers compared to the monoflavonoid moieties. Although the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, flavonoids have been shown to alter the Aβ aggregation pathway to yield non-toxic, unstructured Aβ aggregates, as well as directly exerting a neuroprotective effect to cells. In this chapter, we review biflavonoid-mediated Aβ aggregation and toxicity, and highlight the beneficial roles biflavonoids can potentially play in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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66
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Magierski R, Sobow T. Benefits and risks of add-on therapies for Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2015; 5:445-62. [DOI: 10.2217/nmt.15.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite three decades of intensive research, the efforts of scientific society and industry and the expenditures, numerous attempts to develop effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease have failed. Currently, approved and widely used medications to treat cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease are symptomatic only and show at best modest efficacy. In this context, the need to develop a successful, disease-modifying treatment is loudly expressed. One way to achieve this goal is the use of add-on therapies or various combinations of existing ‘conventional’ drugs. Results of several clinical studies and post hoc analyses of combination therapy with all cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are published. Moreover, there is a need for studies on long-term efficacy of combination therapy in Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Magierski
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry & Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92–216 Lodz, Czechoslowacka Street 8/10, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sobow
- Department of Medical Psychology, Medical University of Lodz, 91–425 Lodz, Sterlinga Street 5, Poland
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67
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Makhaeva GF, Lushchekina SV, Boltneva NP, Sokolov VB, Grigoriev VV, Serebryakova OG, Vikhareva EA, Aksinenko AY, Barreto GE, Aliev G, Bachurin SO. Conjugates of γ-Carbolines and Phenothiazine as new selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and blockers of NMDA receptors for Alzheimer Disease. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13164. [PMID: 26281952 PMCID: PMC4642525 DOI: 10.1038/srep13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease is a multifactorial pathology and the development of new multitarget neuroprotective drugs is promising and attractive. We synthesized a group of original compounds, which combine in one molecule γ-carboline fragment of dimebon and phenothiazine core of methylene blue (MB) linked by 1-oxo- and 2-hydroxypropylene spacers. Inhibitory activity of the conjugates toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and structurally close to them carboxylesterase (CaE), as well their binding to NMDA-receptors were evaluated in vitro and in silico. These newly synthesized compounds showed significantly higher inhibitory activity toward BChE with IC50 values in submicromolar and micromolar range and exhibited selective inhibitory action against BChE over AChE and CaE. Kinetic studies for the 9 most active compounds indicated that majority of them were mixed-type BChE inhibitors. The main specific protein-ligand interaction is π-π stacking of phenothiazine ring with indole group of Trp82. These compounds emerge as promising safe multitarget ligands for the further development of a therapeutic approach against aging-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer and/or other pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Sofya V Lushchekina
- 1] Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia [2] Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Natalia P Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Vladimir B Sokolov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Grigoriev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Olga G Serebryakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Vikhareva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu Aksinenko
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - George E Barreto
- 1] Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia [2] Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- 1] GALLY International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA [2] School of Health Science and Healthcare Administration, University of Atlanta, Johns Creek, GA 30097, USA
| | - Sergey O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
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68
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Rochais C, Lecoutey C, Gaven F, Giannoni P, Hamidouche K, Hedou D, Dubost E, Genest D, Yahiaoui S, Freret T, Bouet V, Dauphin F, Sopkova de Oliveira Santos J, Ballandonne C, Corvaisier S, Malzert-Fréon A, Legay R, Boulouard M, Claeysen S, Dallemagne P. Novel multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and serotonergic subtype 4 receptor (5-HT4R) agonist activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease: the design of donecopride. J Med Chem 2015; 58:3172-87. [PMID: 25793650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a novel series of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDL) displaying both nanomolar dual-binding site (DBS) acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects and partial 5-HT4R agonist activity, among which donecopride was selected for further in vivo evaluations in mice. The latter displayed procognitive and antiamnesic effects and enhanced sAPPα release, accounting for a potential symptomatic and disease-modifying therapeutic benefit in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Rochais
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Cédric Lecoutey
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Florence Gaven
- ‡CNRS, UMR-5203, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,§Inserm, U1191, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,∥Université de Montpellier, UMR-5203, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrizia Giannoni
- ‡CNRS, UMR-5203, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,§Inserm, U1191, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,∥Université de Montpellier, UMR-5203, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Katia Hamidouche
- ⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Damien Hedou
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Emmanuelle Dubost
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - David Genest
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Samir Yahiaoui
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Freret
- ⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Valentine Bouet
- ⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - François Dauphin
- ⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | | | - Céline Ballandonne
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Corvaisier
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France.,⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Aurélie Malzert-Fréon
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Remi Legay
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Michel Boulouard
- ⊥UNICAEN, GMPc5 (Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Sylvie Claeysen
- ‡CNRS, UMR-5203, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,§Inserm, U1191, F-34000 Montpellier, France.,∥Université de Montpellier, UMR-5203, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- †UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 2-arylethenylquinoline derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 89:349-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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70
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Shu S, Zhao X, Wang W, Zhang G, Cosoveanu A, Ahn Y, Wang M. Identification of a novel endophytic fungus from Huperzia serrata which produces huperzine A. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:3101-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Design of donecopride, a dual serotonin subtype 4 receptor agonist/acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with potential interest for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E3825-30. [PMID: 25157130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1410315111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
RS67333 is a partial serotonin subtype 4 receptor (5-HT4R) agonist that has been widely studied for its procognitive effect. More recently, it has been shown that its ability to promote the nonamyloidogenic cleavage of the precursor of the neurotoxic amyloid-β peptide leads to the secretion of the neurotrophic protein sAPPα. This effect has generated great interest in RS67333 as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We show herein that RS67333 is also a submicromolar acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and therefore, could contribute, through this effect, to the restoration of the cholinergic neurotransmission that becomes altered in AD. We planned to pharmacomodulate RS67333 to enhance its AChE inhibitory activity to take advantage of this pleiotropic pharmacological profile in the design of a novel multitarget-directed ligand that is able to exert not only a symptomatic but also, a disease-modifying effect against AD. These efforts allowed us to select donecopride as a valuable dual (h)5-HT4R partial agonist (Ki = 10.4 nM; 48.3% of control agonist response)/(h)AChEI (IC50 = 16 nM) that further promotes sAPPα release (EC50 = 11.3 nM). Donecopride, as a druggable lead, was assessed for its in vivo procognitive effects (0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg) with an improvement of memory performances observed at 0.3 and 1 mg/kg on the object recognition test. On the basis of these in vitro and in vivo activities, donecopride seems to be a promising drug candidate for AD treatment.
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