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Del Olmo E, García-Álvarez O, Maroto-Morales A, Ramón M, Jiménez-Rabadán P, Iniesta-Cuerda M, Anel-Lopez L, Martinez-Pastor F, Soler A, Garde J, Fernández-Santos M. Estrous sheep serum enables in vitro capacitation of ram spermatozoa while preventing caspase activation. Theriogenology 2016; 85:351-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wakx A, Dutot M, Massicot F, Mascarelli F, Limb GA, Rat P. Amyloid β Peptide Induces Apoptosis Through P2X7 Cell Death Receptor in Retinal Cells: Modulation by Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid DHA and EPA. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 178:368-81. [PMID: 26467741 PMCID: PMC4718936 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Retinal Müller glial cells have already been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is characterized by accumulation of toxic amyloid-β peptide (Aβ); the question we raise is as follows: is P2X7 receptor, known to play an important role in several degenerative diseases, involved in Aβ toxicity on Müller cells? Retinal Müller glial cells were incubated with Aβ for 48 h. Cell viability was assessed using the alamarBlue assay and cytotoxicity using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. P2X7 receptor expression was highlighted by immunolabeling observed on confocal microscopy and its activation was evaluated by YO-PRO-1 assay. Hoechst 33342 was used to evaluate chromatin condensation, and caspases 8 and 3 activation was assessed using AMC assays. Lipid formulation rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) used in Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 was incubated on cells for 15 min prior to Aβ incubation. For the first time, we showed that Aβ induced caspase-independent apoptosis through P2X7 receptor activation on our retinal model. DHA and EPA are polyunsaturated fatty acids recommended in food supplement to prevent AMD. We therefore modulated Aβ cytotoxicity using a lipid formulation rich in DHA and EPA to have a better understanding of the results observed in clinical studies. We showed that fish oil rich in EPA and DHA, in combination with a potent P2X7 receptor antagonist, represents an efficient modulator of Aβ toxicity and that P2X7 could be an interesting therapeutic target to prevent AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Wakx
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Mélody Dutot
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Laboratoire Yslab, 2 rue Félix Le Dantec, 29000 Quimper, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - France Massicot
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Frédéric Mascarelli
- />INSERM U 872—Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires: Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 Rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - G. Astrid Limb
- />Division of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, 11 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Patrice Rat
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
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de Pedro N, Cantizani J, Ortiz-López FJ, González-Menéndez V, Cautain B, Rodríguez L, Bills GF, Reyes F, Genilloud O, Vicente F. Protective effects of isolecanoric acid on neurodegenerative in vitro models. Neuropharmacology 2015; 101:538-48. [PMID: 26455662 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by loss of dopaminergic or motor neurons, respectively. Although understanding of the PD and ALS pathogenesis remains incomplete, increasing evidence from human and animal studies has suggested that aberrant GSK3β, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are involved in their pathogenesis. Using two different molecular models, treatment with L-BMAA for ALS and rotenone for PD the effect of isolecanoric acid, a natural product isolated from a fungal culture, was evaluated. Pre-treatment with this molecule caused inhibition of GSK3β and CK1, and a decrease in oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis and cell death. Taken together, these results indicated that isolecanoric acid might have a protective effect against the development of these neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria de Pedro
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Cantizani
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Victor González-Menéndez
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Bastien Cautain
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lorena Rodríguez
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Gerald F Bills
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Genilloud
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisca Vicente
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
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54
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Bisphenol A and its analogs exhibit different apoptotic potential in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in vitro study). Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 84:79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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55
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Michałowicz J, Wróblewski W, Mokra K, Maćczak A, Kwiatkowska M. Comparative study of the effect of chloro-, dichloro-, bromo-, and dibromoacetic acid on necrotic, apoptotic and morphological changes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in vitro study). Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1416-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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56
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Bukowska B, Wieteska P, Kwiatkowska M, Sicińska P, Michalowicz J. Evaluation of the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenol on oxidative parameters and viability of human blood mononuclear cells (in vitro). Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:775-84. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115606789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is formed in drinking water as a result of its chlorination, and it is created in the environment during transformation of various xenobiotics such as triclosan or herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The molecular mechanism depicting the action of phenolic compounds on nucleated blood cells has been insufficiently studied, and therefore, we have assessed the effect of 2,4-DCP on the structure and viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We have evaluated necrotic, apoptotic, and morphological changes (alterations in the size and granulation) in PBMCs incubated with 2,4-DCP in the concentration ranging from 10 to 500 µg mL−1 for 4 h at 37°C. Moreover, we have estimated changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in the incubated cells. We have noted that 2,4-DCP increased ROS formation and lipid peroxidation (from 10 µg mL−1) and oxidized proteins (from 50 µg mL−1) in PBMCs. The compound studied also provoked apoptotic (from 50 µg mL−1), necrotic (from 100 µg mL−1) and alterations in the size and granulation (from 50 µg mL−1) in the incubated cells. The analysis of quinolinium 4-[(3-methyl-2(3 H)-benzoxazolylidene)methyl]-1-[3-(trimethyl-ammonio)-propyl]-diiodide/propidium iodide staining revealed that 2,4-DCP (50–250 µg mL−1) more strongly increased the number of apoptotic than necrotic cells, which suggests that this cell death type is mainly provoked by this compound in PBMCs. The observed changes were caused by relatively high concentrations of 2,4-DCP, which cannot influence human organism during environmental exposure and thus may only occur as a result of acute or subacute poisoning with this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bukowska
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - P Wieteska
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Kwiatkowska
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - P Sicińska
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Michalowicz
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Caza F, Betoulle S, Auffret M, Brousseau P, Fournier M, St-Pierre Y. Comparative analysis of hemocyte properties from Mytilus edulis desolationis and Aulacomya ater in the Kerguelen Islands. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 110:174-182. [PMID: 26382607 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The capability of bivalve molluscs to respond to environmental stresses largely depends upon their cellular immunity. Accordingly, shift in habitat conditions following thermal stress or exposure to pollutants may harm sensitive species differently, thereby modulating the biodiversity of a given ecosystem by favoring stress-tolerant species. Here, we have compared the sensitivity of hemocytes from Mytilus edulis desolationis (M. edulis desolationis) and Aulacomya ater (A. ater) to acute thermal stress and exposure to cadmium. The two subantarctic species are commonly found in the same habitat in the isolated Kerguelen archipelago. Our results showed that the phagocytic activity and viability of hemocytes from both species were equally sensitive to increasing concentrations of cadmium. However, although in vitro exposure to cadmium induced apoptosis in hemocytes of M. edulis desolationis and A. ater, flow cytometric analyses showed that the apoptotic profile of both species differed greatly when using Annexin V and YO-PRO-1 as apoptotic markers. We also found that the total hemocyte counts decreased strongly in A. ater but not in M. edulis desolationis following an acute thermal stress. Taken together, these results showed that stress responses differed significantly in hemocytes from both species. This suggests that the co-existence of both species may be at risk following exposure to pollutants and/or changes in temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- France Caza
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Stéphane Betoulle
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO Stress environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques, Campus Moulin de la Housse, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Michel Auffret
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR CNRS 6539-LEMAR, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzane, France
| | - Pauline Brousseau
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Michel Fournier
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada.
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58
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Wang H, Lööf S, Borg P, Nader GA, Blau HM, Simon A. Turning terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells into regenerative progenitors. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7916. [PMID: 26243583 PMCID: PMC4765497 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to repeatedly regenerate limbs during the entire lifespan of an animal is restricted to certain salamander species among vertebrates. This ability involves dedifferentiation of post-mitotic cells into progenitors that in turn form new structures. A long-term enigma has been how injury leads to dedifferentiation. Here we show that skeletal muscle dedifferentiation during newt limb regeneration depends on a programmed cell death response by myofibres. We find that programmed cell death-induced muscle fragmentation produces a population of ‘undead' intermediate cells, which have the capacity to resume proliferation and contribute to muscle regeneration. We demonstrate the derivation of proliferating progeny from differentiated, multinucleated muscle cells by first inducing and subsequently intercepting a programmed cell death response. We conclude that cell survival may be manifested by the production of a dedifferentiated cell with broader potential and that the diversion of a programmed cell death response is an instrument to achieve dedifferentiation. Newts can regenerate amputated limbs via unknown mechanism involving dedifferentiation of cells in the stump into progenitors that contribute to the new appendages. Here the authors show that skeletal muscle dedifferentiation in regenerating newt limbs relies on a diverted programmed cell death response by myofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sara Lööf
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Paula Borg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gustavo A Nader
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - András Simon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
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59
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Ramió-Lluch L, Yeste M, Fernández-Novell JM, Estrada E, Rocha L, Cebrián-Pérez JA, Muiño-Blanco T, Concha II, Ramírez A, Rodríguez-Gil JE. Oligomycin A-induced inhibition of mitochondrial ATP-synthase activity suppresses boar sperm motility and in vitro capacitation achievement without modifying overall sperm energy levels. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 26:883-97. [PMID: 25319379 DOI: 10.1071/rd13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Incubation of boar spermatozoa in a capacitation medium with oligomycin A, a specific inhibitor of the F0 component of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, induced an immediate and almost complete immobilisation of cells. Oligomycin A also inhibited the ability of spermatozoa to achieve feasible in vitro capacitation (IVC), as measured through IVC-compatible changes in motility patterns, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of the acrosomal p32 protein, membrane fluidity and the ability of spermatozoa to achieve subsequent, progesterone-induced in vitro acrosome exocytosis (IVAE). Both inhibitory effects were caused without changes in the rhythm of O2 consumption, intracellular ATP levels or mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). IVAE was accompanied by a fast and intense peak in O2 consumption and ATP levels in control spermatozoa. Oligomycin A also inhibited progesterone-induced IVAE as well as the concomitant peaks of O2 consumption and ATP levels. The effect of oligomycin on IVAE was also accompanied by concomitant alterations in the IVAE-induced changes on intracellular Ca(2+) levels and MMP. Our results suggest that the oligomycin A-sensitive mitochondrial ATP-synthase activity is instrumental in the achievement of an adequate boar sperm motion pattern, IVC and IVAE. However, this effect seems not to be linked to changes in the overall maintenance of adequate energy levels in stages other than IVAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramió-Lluch
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Fernández-Novell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Efrén Estrada
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luiz Rocha
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Cebrián-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, I. U. C. A., School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, E-50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Muiño-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, I. U. C. A., School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, E-50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ilona I Concha
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology and Institute of Animal Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alfredo Ramírez
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology and Institute of Animal Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Joan E Rodríguez-Gil
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Ferreira L, Pereira L, Faria R. Fluorescent dyes as a reliable tool in P2X7 receptor-associated pore studies. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2015; 47:283-307. [PMID: 26076670 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-015-9613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since the nineteenth century, a great amount of different biological structures and processes have been assessed by fluorescent dyes. Along with the uses of these compounds as vital and histological dyes, some fluorescent dyes have become valuable tools for the study of the pore phenomenon in plasma membranes. Some ion channels capable of forming large conductance channels, such as P2X7, TRPV1, VDAC-1 and the maxi-anion channels transiently alter the plasma membrane permeability, producing pores, which permit the passage of molecules of up to 1,000 Da. In this review, we discuss the uses of the fluorescent dyes chosen in diverse studies of this topic up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brazil 4365, pavilion 108, room 28B Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, CEP 21040-360,
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61
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Validation of merocyanine 540 staining as a technique for assessing capacitation-related membrane destabilization of fresh dog sperm. Theriogenology 2015; 83:1451-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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62
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Kuzelova L, Vasicek J, Chrenek P. Influence of Macrophages on the Rooster Spermatozoa Quality. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:580-6. [PMID: 25913179 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of macrophages in rooster semen and to investigate their impact on the spermatozoa quality. Ross 308 breeder males (n = 30) with no evidence of genital tract infections were used to determine the concentration of macrophages using fluorescently conjugated acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL). Subsequently, the roosters were divided into two groups on the basis of semen macrophage concentration, and semen quality was compared in two heterospermic samples. We applied computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system to determine motility parameters. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to evaluate occurrence of apoptotic and dead spermatozoa. Spermatozoa fertility potential was examined after intravaginal artificial insemination of hens. Eighteen roosters (control group) contained 0.2-3% of macrophages within spermatozoa population and ten roosters (macrophage group) had 10-15% of macrophages. Males from macrophage group had lower (p < 0.05) motility parameters (total and progressive movement, velocity curved line) and increased concentration of dead spermatozoa detected by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy (p < 0.001 and p ˂ 0.05, respectively). Differences (p < 0.05) between fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry in results on spermatozoa apoptosis and viability were observed. No significant difference was found between groups in fertility of spermatozoa. In conclusion, the higher presence of macrophages in rooster semen may have a negative effect on some parameters of rooster spermatozoa evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, our study suggests that flow cytometry allows more precise examination of spermatozoa viability and apoptosis in a very short time compared with the fluorescent microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kuzelova
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - J Vasicek
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Lužianky, Slovak Republic
| | - P Chrenek
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Lužianky, Slovak Republic
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63
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Covarrubias AA, Yeste M, Salazar E, Ramírez-Reveco A, Rodriguez Gil JE, Concha II. The Wnt1 ligand/Frizzled 3 receptor system plays a regulatory role in the achievement of the ‘in vitro’ capacitation and subsequent ‘in vitro’ acrosome exocytosis of porcine spermatozoa. Andrology 2015; 3:357-67. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Covarrubias
- Facultad de Ciencias; Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - M. Yeste
- Facultat de Veterinària; Unitat de Reproducció Animal; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - E. Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias; Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - A. Ramírez-Reveco
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria; Instituto de Ciencia Animal; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - J. E. Rodriguez Gil
- Facultat de Veterinària; Unitat de Reproducció Animal; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - I. I. Concha
- Facultad de Ciencias; Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
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Vergilio C, Carvalho C, Melo E. Mercury-induced dysfunctions in multiple organelles leading to cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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65
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Bukowska B, Michałowicz J, Marczak A. The effect of catechol on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in vitro study). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:187-193. [PMID: 25528409 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Catechol also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene is formed endogenously in the organism from neurotransmitters including adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine. It is also a metabolite of many drugs like DOPA, isoproterenol or aspirin and it is also formed in the environment during transformation of various xenobiotics. We evaluated in vitro the effect of catechol on the structure and function of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cells were incubated with xenobiotic at concentration range from 2 to 500μg/mL for 1h. Human blood mononuclear cells were obtained from leucocyte-platelet buffy coat taken from healthy donors in the Blood Bank of Łódź, Poland. Using flow cytometry we have evaluated necrotic, apoptotic and morphological changes in PBMCs incubated with catechol. Moreover, we have estimated changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation in the cells studied. The compound studied provoked necrotic (from 250μg/mL), apoptotic (from 100μg/mL), and morphological changes (from 250μg/mL) in the incubated cells. We have also noted that catechol decreased H2DCF oxidation at 2 and 10μg/mL but at higher concentrations of 250 and 500μg/mL it caused statistically significant increase in the oxidation of this probe. We also observed an increase in lipid peroxidation (from 250μg/mL) and protein carbonylation (from 50μg/mL) of PBMCs. It was observed that catechol only at high concentrations was capable of inducing changes in PBMCs. The obtained results clearly showed that catechol may induce change in PBMCs only in the caste of poisoning with this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jaromir Michałowicz
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Trzcińska M, Bryła M, Gajda B, Gogol P. Fertility of boar semen cryopreserved in extender supplemented with butylated hydroxytoluene. Theriogenology 2014; 83:307-13. [PMID: 25468554 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to determine the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on quality and fertilizing ability of frozen-thawed boar semen. In the first experiment, five crossbreds of Polish Landrace and Large White boars (five ejaculates per boar) were frozen in 0.5 mL straws after dilution with lactose-egg yolk-glycerol extender supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mM BHT. The sperm quality was verified based on the motility (computer-assisted sperm analysis; total motility, %; progressive motility, %), membrane integrity (YO-PRO-1/propidium iodide [PI] assay), acrosome integrity (fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated with peanut agglutinin/PI), and lipid peroxidation (chemiluminescence method) at 15 minutes postthaw. In the second experiment, the semen cryopreserved in extender supplemented with 1.0 and 2.0 mM BHT were selected for intrauterine artificial insemination of synchronized gilts. An intrauterine artificial insemination with low numbers of spermatozoa (500 × 10(6)) was surgically infused into each uterine horn. The highest (P < 0.001) progressive motility (%), membrane integrity, and acrosomal integrity were noted by the addition of 1.0 and 2.0 mM BHT to the freezing extender. Moreover, the various concentrations (0.5-2.0 mM) of BHT caused a considerable decrease in lipid peroxidation in relation to the control extender (P < 0.001). The highest reproductive performance of inseminated gilts (farrowing rate, 86.7%; litter size, 10.8 ± 1.6) was observed when semen was cryopreserved in extender supplemented with 1.0 mM BHT. These findings demonstrate that the addition of 1.0 mM BHT to the freezing extender efficiently improves the fertilizing ability of postthaw boar spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Trzcińska
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology, Balice, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Bryła
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology, Balice, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Gajda
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology, Balice, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Gogol
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology, Balice, Kraków, Poland
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Bonaterra GA, Wakenhut F, Röthlein D, Wolf M, Bistrian BR, Driscoll D, Kinscherf R. Cytoprotection by omega-3 fatty acids as a therapeutic drug vehicle when combined with nephrotoxic drugs in an intravenous emulsion: Effects on intraglomerular mesangial cells. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:843-857. [PMID: 28962296 PMCID: PMC5598520 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct concentrations of Ketorolac/Gentamicin are toxic to mesangial (MES 13) cells. Omega-3 fatty acids protect intraglomerular mesangial cells against nephrotoxic drugs. Omega-6 fatty acids do not protect MES 13 cells against nephrotoxic drugs. Cytoprotection by n-3 PUFA may be due to increased intracellular redox state.
During therapeutic interventions, blood concentrations of intravenously applied drugs are higher, and their onset of pharmacological action is faster than with other routes of drug administration. However, acute drug therapy often produces nephrotoxic side effects, as commonly seen after treatment with Ketorolac or Gentamicin leading to questions about their use, especially for patients at risk for acute renal failure. Omega-6(n-6) and omega-3(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) affect eicosanoid metabolism, which plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. Eicosanoids derived from n-6 FA have proinflammatory and immunoactive functions, whereas eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA have anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. We hypothesized that providing such injectable drugs with nephrotoxic potential in combination with n3-PUFAs from the outset, might afford rapid cytoprotection of renal cells, given the recent evidence that intravenously administered n3-PUFAs are rapidly incorporated into cell membranes. We used intraglomerular mesangial cells (MES13) that are sensitive to treatment with Ketorolac or Gentamicin instead of proximal tubular cells which do not respond to Ketorolac. We found a significant inhibition of Ketorolac (0.25, 0.5, 1 mM) or Gentamicin (2.5, 5 mM) induced cytotoxicity after pretreatment of MES13 cells with 0.01% of 20%w/v LipOmega-3 Emulsion 9/1, containing 90:10 wt/wt mixture of fish oil derived triglycerides to medium chain triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Alejandro Bonaterra
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Wakenhut
- B. Braun Melsungen AG, Hospital Care Division, Am Schwerzelshof, 34212 Melsungen, Germany
| | - Doris Röthlein
- B. Braun Melsungen AG, Hospital Care Division, Am Schwerzelshof, 34212 Melsungen, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- B. Braun Melsungen AG, Hospital Care Division, Am Schwerzelshof, 34212 Melsungen, Germany
| | - Bruce Ryan Bistrian
- Beth Israel Deaconess medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Driscoll
- Stable Solutions LLC, Easton Industrial Park, 19 Norfolk Avenue, South Easton, MA 02375, USA.,University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ralf Kinscherf
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Komor AC, Barton JK. An unusual ligand coordination gives rise to a new family of rhodium metalloinsertors with improved selectivity and potency. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14160-72. [PMID: 25254630 PMCID: PMC4195389 DOI: 10.1021/ja5072064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Rhodium
metalloinsertors are octahedral complexes that bind DNA
mismatches with high affinity and specificity and exhibit unique cell-selective
cytotoxicity, targeting mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient cells over
MMR-proficient cells. Here we describe a new generation of metalloinsertors
with enhanced biological potency and selectivity, in which the complexes
show Rh–O coordination. In particular, it has been found that
both Δ- and Λ-[Rh(chrysi)(phen)(DPE)]2+ (where
chrysi =5,6 chrysenequinone diimmine, phen =1,10-phenanthroline, and
DPE = 1,1-di(pyridine-2-yl)ethan-1-ol) bind to DNA containing a single
CC mismatch with similar affinities and without racemization. This
is in direct contrast with previous metalloinsertors and suggests
a possible different binding disposition for these complexes in the
mismatch site. We ascribe this difference to the higher pKa of the coordinated immine of the chrysi ligand in these
complexes, so that the complexes must insert into the DNA helix with
the inserting ligand in a buckled orientation; spectroscopic studies
in the presence and absence of DNA along with the crystal structure
of the complex without DNA support this assignment. Remarkably, all
members of this new family of compounds have significantly increased
potency in a range of cellular assays; indeed, all are more potent
than cisplatin and N-methyl-N′-nitro-nitrosoguanidine
(MNNG, a common DNA-alkylating chemotherapeutic agent). Moreover,
the activities of the new metalloinsertors are coupled with high levels
of selective cytotoxicity for MMR-deficient versus proficient colorectal
cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis C Komor
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena California 91125, United States
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Denes V, Lakk M, Makarovskiy A, Jakso P, Szappanos S, Graf L, Mandel L, Karadi I, Geck P. Metastasis blood test by flow cytometry:In vivocancer spheroids and the role of hypoxia. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1528-36. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Denes
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology; Tufts University; Boston MA 02111 USA
| | - Monika Lakk
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology; Tufts University; Boston MA 02111 USA
| | | | - Pal Jakso
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine, University of Pécs; Pécs 7624 Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Szappanos
- Department of Oncotherapy; School of Medicine, University of Pécs; Pécs 7624 Hungary
| | - Laszlo Graf
- Department of Internal Medicine III; Semmelweis University; Budapest 1125 Hungary
| | - Laszlo Mandel
- Department of Oncotherapy; School of Medicine, University of Pécs; Pécs 7624 Hungary
| | - Istvan Karadi
- Department of Internal Medicine III; Semmelweis University; Budapest 1125 Hungary
| | - Peter Geck
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology; Tufts University; Boston MA 02111 USA
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Bado-Nilles A, Techer R, Porcher JM, Geffard A, Gagnaire B, Betoulle S, Sanchez W. Detection of immunotoxic effects of estrogenic and androgenic endocrine disrupting compounds using splenic immune cells of the female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:672-683. [PMID: 25238107 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Today, the list of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in freshwater and marine environments that mimic or block endogenous hormones is expanding at an alarming rate. As immune and reproductive systems may interact in a bidirectional way, some authors proposed the immune capacities as attractive markers to evaluate the hormonal potential of environmental samples. Thus, the present work proposed to gain more knowledge on direct biological effects of natural and EDCs on female fish splenic leucocyte non-specific immune activities by using ex vivo assays. After determining the optimal required conditions to analyze splenic immune responses, seven different EDCs were tested ex vivo at 0.01, 1 and 100nM over 12h on the leucocyte functions of female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In summary, we found that natural hormones acted as immunostimulants, whilst EDCs were immunosuppressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bado-Nilles
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - R Techer
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - J M Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - A Geffard
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
| | - B Gagnaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie des Radionucléides, Centre de Cadarache, Bât 186, B.P. 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - S Betoulle
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
| | - W Sanchez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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Gonçalves AP, Cordeiro JM, Monteiro J, Muñoz A, Correia-de-Sá P, Read ND, Videira A. Activation of a TRP-like channel and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics during phospholipase-C-mediated cell death. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3817-29. [PMID: 25037570 PMCID: PMC4150065 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.152058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The model organism Neurospora crassa undergoes programmed cell death when exposed to staurosporine. Here, we show that staurosporine causes defined changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]c) dynamics and a distinct Ca2+ signature that involves Ca2+ influx from the external medium and internal Ca2+ stores. We investigated the molecular basis of this Ca2+ response by using [Ca2+]c measurements combined with pharmacological and genetic approaches. Phospholipase C was identified as a pivotal player during cell death, because modulation of the phospholipase C signaling pathway and deletion of PLC-2, which we show to be involved in hyphal development, results in an inability to trigger the characteristic staurosporine-induced Ca2+ signature. Using Δcch-1, Δfig-1 and Δyvc-1 mutants and a range of inhibitors, we show that extracellular Ca2+ entry does not occur through the hitherto described high- and low-affinity Ca2+ uptake systems, but through the opening of plasma membrane channels with properties resembling the transient receptor potential (TRP) family. Partial blockage of the response to staurosporine after inhibition of a putative inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor suggests that Ca2+ release from internal stores following IP3 formation combines with the extracellular Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pedro Gonçalves
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - J Miguel Cordeiro
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Monteiro
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, CTF Building, Grafton Street, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nick D Read
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, CTF Building, Grafton Street, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Arnaldo Videira
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Chang WN, Lee GH, Kao TT, Lin CY, Hsiao TH, Tsai JN, Chen BH, Chen YH, Wu HR, Tsai HJ, Fu TF. Knocking down 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase increased oxidative stress and impeded zebrafish embryogenesis by obstructing morphogenetic movement. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2340-50. [PMID: 24747731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate is an essential nutrient for cell survival and embryogenesis. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH) is the most abundant folate enzyme in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase converts 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and CO2, the only pathway responsible for formate oxidation in methanol intoxication. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase has been considered a potential chemotherapeutic target because it was down-regulated in cancer cells. However, the normal physiological significance of 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase is not completely understood, hampering the development of therapeutic drug/regimen targeting 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. METHODS 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase expression in zebrafish embryos was knocked-down using morpholino oligonucleotides. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of fdh morphants were examined using specific dye staining and whole-mount in-situ hybridization. Embryonic folate contents were determined by HPLC. RESULTS The expression of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase was consistent in whole embryos during early embryogenesis and became tissue-specific in later stages. Knocking-down fdh impeded morphogenetic movement and caused incorrect cardiac positioning, defective hematopoiesis, notochordmalformation and ultimate death of morphants. Obstructed F-actin polymerization and delayed epiboly were observed in fdh morphants. These abnormalities were reversed either by adding tetrahydrofolate or antioxidant or by co-injecting the mRNA encoding 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase N-terminal domain, supporting the anti-oxidative activity of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase and the in vivo function of tetrahydrofolate conservation for 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase N-terminal domain. CONCLUSIONS 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase functioned in conserving the unstable tetrahydrofolate and contributing to the intracellular anti-oxidative capacity of embryos, which was crucial in promoting proper cell migration during embryogenesis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These newly reported tetrahydrofolate conserving and anti-oxidative activities of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase shall be important for unraveling 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase biological significance and the drug development targeting 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ni Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Ting Kao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Cha-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Hsien Hsiao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kao;hsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ru Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fun Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Farhat A, Malecki E, Bonaterra GA, Röthlein D, Wolf M, Schmitt J, Rosemeyer H, Kinscherf R. Cytostatic/Cytotoxic Effects of 5-Fluorouridine Nucleolipids on Colon, Hepatocellular, and Renal Carcinoma Cells: in vitro
Identification of a Potential Cytotoxic Multi-Anticancer Drug. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:469-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Farnaes L, La Clair JJ, Fenical W. Napyradiomycins CNQ525.510B and A80915C target the Hsp90 paralogue Grp94. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:418-23. [PMID: 24292715 PMCID: PMC3893886 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular localization and target of the napyradiomycin congeners CNQ525.510B and A80815C were explored using an immunoaffinity fluorescence (IAF) approach. Semi-synthetic methods were used to prepare probes from napyradiomycin CNQ525.510B and derivative A80815C. The results of confocal microscopy indicated that probes from both natural products localized predominantly within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells. Parallel immunoaffinity precipitation efforts using a monoclonal antibody designed against the IAF tag, resulted in the isolation of an Hsp90 family member. This protein was identified as human Grp94 (hGrp94), by its specific mass spectral signature. This observation was validated by Western blot analyses and by the result of an in vitro Grp94 binding assay. The fact that the napyradiomycins CNQ525.510B and A80815C bind to hGrp94, and their associated probes localize within the ER, suggest the use of these materials as molecular probes for monitoring ER-based chaperone function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauge Farnaes
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0204, USA
| | - James J. La Clair
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093- 0378, USA
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0204, USA
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Bado-Nilles A, Jolly S, Porcher JM, Palluel O, Geffard A, Gagnaire B, Betoulle S, Sanchez W. Applications in environmental risk assessment of leucocyte apoptosis, necrosis and respiratory burst analysis on the European bullhead, Cottus sp. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 184:9-17. [PMID: 24012786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of a biochemical multi-biomarker approach proved insufficient to obtain clear information about ecosystem health. The fish immune system is considered as an attractive non-specific marker for environmental biomonitoring which has direct implications in individual fitness and population growth. Thus, the present work proposes the use of fish immunomarkers together with more common biochemical biomarkers in sampling conditions optimized to reduce biomarker variability and increase parameter robustness. European bullheads (Cottus sp.) from 11 stations in the Artois-Picardie watershed (France) were sampled. In the multiple discriminant analysis, the sites were highly correlated with apoptosis, respiratory burst, GST and EROD activities. Moreover, the use together of biochemical and immune markers increased the percentage of fish correctly classed at each site and enhanced site separation. This study argues in favor of the utilization of apoptosis, necrosis and respiratory burst for the determination of environmental risk assessment in addition to the set of biochemical biomarkers commonly used in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bado-Nilles
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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McNamara G, Yanai A, Khankaldyyan V, Laug WE, Boden J, Webster K, Li Y, Wen R. Low magnification confocal microscopy of tumor angiogenesis. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1075:149-75. [PMID: 24052350 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-847-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels are critical to normal mammalian development, tissue repair, and growth and treatment of cancer. Mouse research models enable mechanistic studies of blood vessels. We detail how to perfuse mice with fluorescent tomato lectin or the lipophilic fluorophore DiI. We provide details on how to image fluorescently labeled blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- George McNamara
- Analytical Imaging Core, Diabetes Research Institute, Miami Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Michałowicz J, Mokra K, Rosiak K, Sicińska P, Bukowska B. Chlorobenzenes, lindane and dieldrin induce apoptotic alterations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (in vitro study). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:979-988. [PMID: 24077485 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have assessed apoptotic effect of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, lindane and dieldrin on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. We observed an increase in ROS formation and a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential in the cells incubated with low concentrations of all compounds studied, in particular lindane and dieldrin. ROS formation and changes in mitochondrial transmembrane potential may have influenced caspase-3 activation, a crucial enzyme in the apoptotic process. Moreover, chlorobenzenes, and in particular lindane and dieldrin changed cells' membrane permeability and induced phosphatidylserine translocation, which confirmed that they are capable of inducing apoptosis in human lymphocytes. Apoptotic changes in human lymphocytes provoked by biologically relevant concentrations of these substances suggest that they may disturb function of immunological system especially among people occupationally exposed to their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Michałowicz
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
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Caspase-cleaved arrestin-2 and BID cooperatively facilitate cytochrome C release and cell death. Cell Death Differ 2013; 21:172-84. [PMID: 24141717 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is programmed cell death triggered by activation of death receptors or cellular stress. Activation of caspases is the hallmark of apoptosis. Arrestins are best known for their role in homologous desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Arrestins quench G protein activation by binding to activated phosphorylated GPCRs. Recently, arrestins have been shown to regulate multiple signalling pathways in G protein-independent manner via scaffolding signalling proteins. Here we demonstrate that arrestin-2 isoform is cleaved by caspases during apoptosis induced via death receptor activation or by DNA damage at evolutionarily conserved sites in the C-terminus. Caspase-generated arrestin-2-(1-380) fragment translocates to mitochondria increasing cytochrome C release, which is the key checkpoint in cell death. Cells lacking arrestin-2 are significantly more resistant to apoptosis. The expression of wild-type arrestin-2 or its cleavage product arrestin-2-(1-380), but not of its caspase-resistant mutant, restores cell sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli. Arrestin-2-(1-380) action depends on tBID: at physiological concentrations, arrestin-2-(1-380) directly binds tBID and doubles tBID-induced cytochrome C release from isolated mitochondria. Arrestin-2-(1-380) does not facilitate apoptosis in BID knockout cells, whereas its ability to increase caspase-3 activity and facilitate cytochrome C release is rescued when BID expression is restored. Thus, arrestin-2-(1-380) cooperates with another product of caspase activity, tBID, and their concerted action significantly contributes to cell death.
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Fujisawa S, Romin Y, Barlas A, Petrovic LM, Turkekul M, Fan N, Xu K, Garcia AR, Monette S, Klimstra DS, Erinjeri JP, Solomon SB, Manova-Todorova K, Sofocleous CT. Evaluation of YO-PRO-1 as an early marker of apoptosis following radiofrequency ablation of colon cancer liver metastases. Cytotechnology 2013; 66:259-73. [PMID: 24065619 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Radiofrequency (RF) ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment for colorectal-cancer liver metastases (CLM) in selected nonsurgical patients. Unlike surgical resection, RFA is not followed by routine pathological examination of the target tumor and the surrounding liver tissue. The aim of this study was the evaluation of apoptotic events after RFA. Specifically, we evaluated YO-PRO-1 (YP1), a green fluorescent DNA marker for cells with compromised plasma membrane, as a potential, early marker of cell death. YP1 was applied on liver tissue adherent on the RF electrode used for CLM ablation, as well as on biopsy samples from the center and the margin of the ablation zone as depicted by dynamic CT immediately after RFA. Normal pig and mouse liver tissues were used for comparison. The same samples were also immunostained for fragmented DNA (TUNEL assay) and for active mitochondria (anti-OxPhos antibody). YP1 was also used simultaneously with propidium iodine (PI) to stain mouse liver and samples from ablated CLM. Following RFA of human CLM, more than 90 % of cells were positive for YP1. In nonablated, dissected pig and mouse liver however, we found similar YP1 signals (93.1 % and 65 %, respectively). In samples of intact mouse liver parenchyma, there was a significantly smaller proportion of YP1 positive cells (22.7 %). YP1 and PI staining was similar for ablated CLM. However in dissected normal mouse liver there was initial YP1 positivity and complete absence of the PI signal and only later there was PI signal. CONCLUSION This is the first time that YP1 was applied in liver parenchymal tissue (rather than cell culture). The results suggest that YP1 is a very sensitive marker of early cellular events reflecting an early and widespread plasma membrane injury that allows YP1 penetration into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Fujisawa
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
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Kim A, Yim NH, Ma JY. Samsoeum, a traditional herbal medicine, elicits apoptotic and autophagic cell death by inhibiting Akt/mTOR and activating the JNK pathway in cancer cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:233. [PMID: 24053190 PMCID: PMC3849547 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Samsoeum (SSE), a traditional herbal formula, has been widely used to treat cough, fever, congestion, and emesis for centuries. Recent studies have demonstrated that SSE retains potent pharmacological efficiency in anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory reactions. However, the anti-cancer activity of SSE and its underlying mechanisms have not been studied. Thus, the present study was designed to determine the effect of SSE on cell death and elucidate its detailed mechanism. Methods Following SSE treatment, cell growth and cell death were measured using an MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assay, respectively. Cell cycle arrest and YO-PRO-1 uptake were assayed using flow cytometry, and LC3 redistribution was observed using confocal microscope. The mechanisms of anti-cancer effect of SSE were investigated through western blot analysis. Results We initially found that SSE caused dose- and time-dependent cell death in cancer cells but not in normal primary hepatocytes. In addition, during early SSE treatment (6–12 h), cells were arrested in G2/M phase concomitant with up-regulation of p21 and p27 and down-regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1, followed by an increase in apoptotic YO-PRO-1 (+) cells. SSE also induced autophagy via up-regulation of Beclin-1 expression, conversion of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) I to LC3-II, and re-distribution of LC3, indicating autophagosome formation. Moreover, the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), which is critical for cross-talk between apoptosis and autophagy, was significantly reduced in SSE-treated cells. Phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was increased, followed by suppression of the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) pathway, and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in response to SSE treatment. In particular, among MAPKs inhibitors, only the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-specific inhibitor SP600125 nearly blocked SSE-induced increases in Beclin-1, LC3-II, and Bax expression and decreases in Bcl-2 expression, indicating that JNK activation plays critical role in cell death caused by SSE. Conclusions These findings suggest that SSE efficiently induces cancer cell death via apoptosis as well as autophagy through modification of the Akt/mTOR and JNK signaling pathways. SSE may be as a potent traditional herbal medicine for treating malignancies.
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Isolation of spermatozoa with low levels of fragmented DNA with the use of flow cytometry and sorting. Fertil Steril 2013; 100:686-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tang R, Kim CS, Solfiell DJ, Rana S, Mout R, Velázquez-Delgado EM, Chompoosor A, Jeong Y, Yan B, Zhu ZJ, Kim C, Hardy JA, Rotello VM. Direct delivery of functional proteins and enzymes to the cytosol using nanoparticle-stabilized nanocapsules. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6667-6673. [PMID: 23815280 PMCID: PMC3757120 DOI: 10.1021/nn402753y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular protein delivery is an important tool for both therapeutic and fundamental applications. Effective protein delivery faces two major challenges: efficient cellular uptake and avoiding endosomal sequestration. We report here a general strategy for direct delivery of functional proteins to the cytosol using nanoparticle-stabilized capsules (NPSCs). These NPSCs are formed and stabilized through supramolecular interactions between the nanoparticle, the protein cargo, and the fatty acid capsule interior. The NPSCs are ~130 nm in diameter and feature low toxicity and excellent stability in serum. The effectiveness of these NPSCs as therapeutic protein carriers was demonstrated through the delivery of fully functional caspase-3 to HeLa cells with concomitant apoptosis. Analogous delivery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) confirmed cytosolic delivery as well as intracellular targeting of the delivered protein, demonstrating the utility of the system for both therapeutic and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Chang Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - David J. Solfiell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Subinoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Rubul Mout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Elih M. Velázquez-Delgado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Apiwat Chompoosor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Chaekyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Jeanne A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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Kiani-Esfahani A, Bahrami S, Tavalaee M, Deemeh MR, Mahjour AA, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS: which one is associated with poor chromatin remodeling? Syst Biol Reprod Med 2013; 59:352-9. [PMID: 23968144 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2013.829536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if there are any associations between impaired chromatin packaging and the origin of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cytosolic ROS, mitochondrial ROS, DNA protamination, and apoptosis were evaluated with dichlorofluoresceindiacetate (DCFH-DA), dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123), chromomycin A3 (CMA3), and YO-Pro-1 (Y1)/propidium iodide (PI), respectively, by flow cytometry (FCM) in 40 infertile individuals. Percentages DCF+ and R123+ sperm were positively associated with percentage CMA3+ sperm and negatively associated with percentage apoptotic sperm. No correlation was observed between CMA3+ sperm and the percentage of apoptotic sperm. Under protamination of sperm is not associated with the origin of ROS production, but their relationship may suggest an association with general physiological dysfunction of sperm. Furthermore, under protamination does make sperm prone to apoptosis. Rather, it is likely that apoptosis is induced by ROS production. Considering that these conclusions are derived from correlative analyses, additional studies including an interventive approach are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Kiani-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology , ACECR , Isfahan , Iran
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Two modes of cell death caused by exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric field. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70278. [PMID: 23894630 PMCID: PMC3720895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-amplitude electric pulses of nanosecond duration, also known as nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF), are a novel modality with promising applications for cell stimulation and tissue ablation. However, key mechanisms responsible for the cytotoxicity of nsPEF have not been established. We show that the principal cause of cell death induced by 60- or 300-ns pulses in U937 cells is the loss of the plasma membrane integrity (“nanoelectroporation”), leading to water uptake, cell swelling, and eventual membrane rupture. Most of this early necrotic death occurs within 1–2 hr after nsPEF exposure. The uptake of water is driven by the presence of pore-impermeable solutes inside the cell, and can be counterbalanced by the presence of a pore-impermeable solute such as sucrose in the medium. Sucrose blocks swelling and prevents the early necrotic death; however the long-term cell survival (24 and 48 hr) does not significantly change. Cells protected with sucrose demonstrate higher incidence of the delayed death (6–24 hr post nsPEF). These cells are more often positive for the uptake of an early apoptotic marker dye YO-PRO-1 while remaining impermeable to propidium iodide. Instead of swelling, these cells often develop apoptotic fragmentation of the cytoplasm. Caspase 3/7 activity increases already in 1 hr after nsPEF and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage is detected in 2 hr. Staurosporin-treated positive control cells develop these apoptotic signs only in 3 and 4 hr, respectively. We conclude that nsPEF exposure triggers both necrotic and apoptotic pathways. The early necrotic death prevails under standard cell culture conditions, but cells rescued from the necrosis nonetheless die later on by apoptosis. The balance between the two modes of cell death can be controlled by enabling or blocking cell swelling.
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P2X7 Cell Death Receptor Activation and Mitochondrial Impairment in Oxaliplatin-Induced Apoptosis and Neuronal Injury: Cellular Mechanisms and In Vivo Approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66830. [PMID: 23826152 PMCID: PMC3695015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited information is available regarding the cellular mechanisms of oxaliplatin-induced painful neuropathy during exposure of patients to this drug. We therefore determined oxidative stress in cultured cells and evaluated its occurrence in C57BL/6 mice. Using both cultured neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell lines and also brain tissues of oxaliplatin-treated mice, we investigated whether oxaliplatin (OXA) induces oxidative stress and apoptosis. Cultured cells were treated with 2–200 µM OXA for 24 h. The effects of pharmacological inhibitors of oxidative stress or inflammation (N-acetyl cysteine, ibuprofen, acetaminophen) were also tested. Inhibitors were added 30 min before OXA treatment and then in combination with OXA for 24 h. In SH-SY5Y cells, OXA caused a significant dose-dependent decrease in viability, a large increase in ROS and NO production, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial impairment as assessed by a drop in mitochondrial membrane potential, which are deleterious for the cell. An increase in levels of negatively charged phospholipids such as cardiolipin but also phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol, was also observed. Additionally, OXA caused concentration-dependent P2X7 receptor activation, increased chromatin condensation and caspase-3 activation associated with TNF-α and IL-6 release. The majority of these toxic effects were equally observed in Raw 264.7 which also presented high levels of PGE2. Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with pharmacological inhibitors significantly reduced or blocked all the neurotoxic OXA effects. In OXA-treated mice (28 mg/kg cumulated dose) significant cold hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in the tested brain areas were shown. Our study suggests that targeting P2X7 receptor activation and mitochondrial impairment might be a potential therapeutic strategy against OXA-induced neuropathic pain.
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Bonaterra GA, Kelber O, Weiser D, Kinscherf R. Mechanisms of the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the herbal fixed combination STW 5 (Iberogast®) on colon adenocarcinoma (HT29) cells in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:691-698. [PMID: 23535188 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several conventional pharmaceuticals like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) or selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been demonstrated to exert anti-proliferative effects and to induce apoptosis in a variety of cell lines, e.g. colon, stomach, or prostate cancer cells. STW 5 (Iberogast(®)), a combination of nine plant extracts, is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome for which the involvement of an inflammatory etiology is discussed. To investigate the possible anti-proliferative effects, STW 5 and its components have been tested by using the colon-carcinoma cell line HT-29. The analyses have been performed in comparison to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and diclofenac (Diclo), which are well-known to reduce colon carcinoma risk. RESULTS STW 5 showed significant anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on HT-29 cancer cells, similar to NSAIDs under test. However, using the LDH assay, STW 5 revealed significantly lower cytotoxicity than Diclo at same concentrations. In contrast to NSAIDs, STW 5 induced COX-1/COX-2, caspase-3 and Bax mRNA expressions in HT-29 and blocked LPS mediated translocation of the NF-κB p65 from the cytoplasm into the nucleus in PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages. These effects might be relevant, e.g. for prevention of undesirable side effects like gastric erosions. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the pro-apoptotic effect of STW 5 on HT-29 cells is involving multiple targets and is possibly due to an activation of the caspase cascade via mitochondrial destabilization. Active concentrations of STW 5 are, in relation to therapeutic doses, comparable to those of ASA and Diclo, suggesting a similar favorable effect on colon carcinoma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Bonaterra
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
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87
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88
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Johnson S, Nguyen V, Coder D. Assessment of cell viability. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CYTOMETRY 2013; Chapter 9:9.2.1-9.2.26. [PMID: 23546778 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy0902s64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell viability may be judged by morphological changes or by changes in membrane permeability and/or physiological state inferred from the exclusion of certain dyes or the uptake and retention of others. This unit presents methods based on dye exclusion, esterase activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as protocols for determining the pre-fixation viability of fixed cells either before or after fixation with amine-reactive dyes suitable for a range of excitation wavelengths. Membrane-impermeable dead cell and live cell dyes as well as dye-exclusion procedures for microscopy are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Johnson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vy Nguyen
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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Sigward E, Mignet N, Rat P, Dutot M, Muhamed S, Guigner JM, Scherman D, Brossard D, Crauste-Manciet S. Formulation and cytotoxicity evaluation of new self-emulsifying multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:611-25. [PMID: 23403891 PMCID: PMC3569110 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s35661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three multiple water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) nanoemulsions have been designed for potential inclusion of either lipophilic or hydrophilic drugs using a two-step emulsification process exclusively based on low-energy self-emulsification. The W/O primary emulsion was constituted by a blend of oil (medium chain triglyceride), a mixture (7:3) of two surfactants, and a 10% water phase. The surfactants were a mixture of Polysorbate-85/Labrasol®, Polysorbate-85/Cremophor® EL or glycerol/Polysorbate-85. The final W/O/W nanoemulsions were obtained by the addition of water, with a weight ratio nanoemulsion/water of 1:2. The multiple emulsion stability was found to increase from 24 hours to 2 and 6 months with Labrasol, glycerol, and Cremophor, respectively. Cytotoxicity was found for formulations including Labrasol and Cremophor EL. The concentration of emulsion inhibiting 50% cell viability (IC50) was determined using the alamarBlue® test, giving after 24 hours of incubation, IC50 = 10.2 mg/mL for the Labrasol formulation and IC50 = 11.8 mg/mL for the Cremophor EL formulation. Corresponding calculated IC50 values for surfactants were 0.51 mg/mL for Labrasol and 0.59 mg/mL for Cremophor EL. In both cases, cytotoxicity was due to an apoptotic mechanism, evidenced by chromatin condensation and P2X7 cell death receptor activation. The formulation including glycerol, investigated between 1 and 100 mg/mL concentration of nanoemulsion, did not affect cell viability. Moreover, neither chromatin condensation nor P2X7 activation was found between the 10 and 30 mg/mL final concentration of the emulsion. This last formulation would therefore be of major interest for further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Sigward
- Chemical, Genetic and Imaging Pharmacology Laboratory; INSERM U1022, CNRS UMR8151, Chimie ParisTech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Sorbone Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Muratori M, Porazzi I, Luconi M, Marchiani S, Forti G, Baldi E. Annexin V Binding and Merocyanine Staining Fail to Detect Human Sperm Capacitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 25:797-810. [PMID: 15292113 DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2004.tb02858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The signaling pathways that characterize the process of capacitation of human spermatozoa are still largely unknown. Modifications in the lipid architecture of the sperm plasma membrane have been described in spermatozoa from different species, including translocation of phosphatidylserine (PS) from the inner to the outer leaflet and increased phospholipid disorder in the membrane. In human spermatozoa, however, results of PS exposure are controversial. In the present study, we used flow cytometry to investigate both membrane PS exposure by Annexin V (Ann V) binding and lipid disorder by merocyanine 540 (M540) staining, in swimup-selected live spermatozoa after incubation in conditions leading to capacitation. Our results indicate that neither probe is able to detect capacitation-related membrane modifications. Investigation of the nature of PS exposure and M540-positive live cells was then carried out. We found that M540 stains elements devoid of nuclei are present in seminal plasma. Live PS-exposing cells were mainly represented by damaged spermatozoa as revealed by the occurrence of a negative correlation between PS exposure and normal morphology and motility in unselected samples. The same cells were also positive for M540. These results demonstrate that Ann V and M540 binding in human sperm samples mainly detects cells with early membrane degeneration as well as dead cells, which is in agreement with findings obtained for somatic cells in which the two probes recognize cells with a damaged membrane due to the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Muratori
- Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Andrology Unit, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6 50139 Firenze, Italy.
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Verma M, Shulga N, Pastorino JG. Sirtuin-3 modulates Bak- and Bax-dependent apoptosis. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:274-88. [PMID: 23108666 PMCID: PMC3603519 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.115188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-3 exhibits properties of a tumor suppressor partly emanating from its ability to control the state of mitochondrial metabolism, with depletion of sirt-3 increasing tumor cell survival. In the present study we demonstrate that depletion of sirtuin-3 brings about an anti-apoptotic phenotype via stimulating cyclophilin-D activity, which promotes the binding of hexokinase II to the mitochondria, thereby preventing Bak/Bax dependent mitochondrial injury and cell death. By contrast, increased expression of sirtuin-3 decreases cyclophilin-D activity, resulting in detachment of hexokinase II from the mitochondria and potentiation of Bak- and Bax-induced mitochondrial injury and loss of cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John G. Pastorino
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
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Pierroz V, Joshi T, Leonidova A, Mari C, Schur J, Ott I, Spiccia L, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Molecular and cellular characterization of the biological effects of ruthenium(II) complexes incorporating 2-pyridyl-2-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. J Am Chem Soc 2012. [PMID: 23181418 DOI: 10.1021/ja307288s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A great majority of the Ru complexes currently studied in anticancer research exert their antiproliferative activity, at least partially, through ligand exchange. In recent years, however, coordinatively saturated and substitutionally inert polypyridyl Ru(II) compounds have emerged as potential anticancer drug candidates. In this work, we present the synthesis and detailed characterization of two novel inert Ru(II) complexes, namely, [Ru(bipy)(2)(Cpp-NH-Hex-COOH)](2+) (2) and [Ru(dppz)(2)(CppH)](2+) (3) (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; CppH = 2-(2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid; Cpp-NH-Hex-COOH = 6-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-4-carboxamido)hexanoic acid; dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine). 3 is of particular interest as it was found to have IC(50) values comparable to cisplatin, a benchmark standard in the field, on three cancer cell lines and a better activity on one cisplatin-resistant cell line than cisplatin itself. The mechanism of action of 3 was then investigated in detail and it could be demonstrated that, although 3 binds to calf-thymus DNA by intercalation, the biological effects that it induces did not involve a nuclear DNA related mode of action. On the contrary, confocal microscopy colocalization studies in HeLa cells showed that 3 specifically targeted mitochondria. This was further correlated by ruthenium quantification using High-resolution atomic absorption spectrometry. Furthermore, as determined by two independent assays, 3 induced apoptosis at a relatively late stage of treatment. The generation of reactive oxygen species could be excluded as the cause of the observed cytotoxicity. It was demonstrated that the mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa was impaired by 3 as early as 2 h after its introduction and even more with increasing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pierroz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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93
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Ghazi K, Deng-Pichon U, Warnet JM, Rat P. Hyaluronan fragments improve wound healing on in vitro cutaneous model through P2X7 purinoreceptor basal activation: role of molecular weight. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48351. [PMID: 23173033 PMCID: PMC3500239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background hyaluronan biopolymer is used in dermatology but the underlying mechanism and the impact of its molecular weight have not yet been investigated in skin wound healing. The aim of our work was to study the role of HA molecular weight in the proliferative phase of wound healing and to understand how this physiological biopolymer acts to promote wound healing on a human keratinocyte in vitro model. Methodology and Findings wound healing closure was evaluated using scratch test assay, cell proliferation by counting cell with haemocytometer, expression of CD44 and ZO-1 (protein present in tight junctions specific of epithelia) using flow cytometry, and P2X7 receptor activation on living using a cytoflurometric method. Our study showed that medium hyaluronan fragment (MMW-HA, between 100 and 300 kDa) induced a significant increase in wound closure, increased ZO-1 protein expression and induced a slight activation of P2X7 receptor, contrary to high (between 1000 and 1400 kDa) and low (between 5 and 20 kDa) molecular hyaluronan fragments that had no healing effects. Basal activation of P2X7 receptor is already known to stimulate cell proliferation and this activation in our model plays a pivotal role in MMW-HA-induced wound healing. Indeed, we showed that use of BBG, a specific inhibitor of P2X7 receptor, blocked completely the beneficial effects of MMW-HA on wound healing. Conclusion taken together, our results showed for the first time the relationship between P2X7 receptor and hyaluronan in wound healing, and that topical use of MMW-HA (fragment between 100 and 300 kDa) could represent a new therapeutic strategy to promote healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamelia Ghazi
- Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Uriell Deng-Pichon
- Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Warnet
- Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Rat
- Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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94
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Effect of Multipurpose Solutions on Cell Morphology and Cytokine Production by Corneal Epithelial Cells. Optom Vis Sci 2012; 89:1460-7. [DOI: 10.1097/opx.0b013e318269c7b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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95
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Samiec M, Skrzyszowska M. Roscovitine is a novel agent that can be used for the activation of porcine oocytes reconstructed with adult cutaneous or fetal fibroblast cell nuclei. Theriogenology 2012; 78:1855-67. [PMID: 22979963 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the preimplantation developmental competence of cloned pig embryos that were derived from fibroblast cell nuclei by different methods for the activation of reconstructed oocytes. In subgroups IA and IB, nuclear-transferred (NT) oocytes derived from either adult cutaneous or fetal fibroblast cells that had been classified as nonapoptotic by intra vitam analysis for programmed cell death using the YO-PRO-1 DNA fluorochrome underwent sequential physical (i.e., electrical) and chemical activation (SE-CA). This novel method of SE-CA, which was developed and optimized in our laboratory, involves treatment of reconstituted oocytes with direct current pulses and subsequent exposure to 7.5 μM calcium ionomycin, followed by incubation with 30 μM R-roscovitine (R-RSCV), 0.7 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine and 3.5 μg/mL cycloheximide. In subgroups IIA and IIB, NT oocytes were subjected to the standard method of simultaneous fusion and activation mediated by direct current pulses. The proportion of cloned embryos in subgroup IA that reached the morula and blastocyst stages was 145/248 (58.5%) and 78/248 (31.5%), respectively. The proportions of cloned embryos in subgroup IB that reached the morula and blastocyst stages were 186/264 (70.5%) and 112/264 (42.4%), respectively. In turn, subgroup IIA yielded proportions at the morula and blastocyst stages of 110/234 (47.0%) and 49/234 (20.9%), respectively. Subgroup IIB yielded proportions at the morula and blastocyst stages of 144/243 (59.3%) and 74/243 (30.5%), respectively. In summary, the SE-CA of NT oocytes reconstructed from either type of nonapoptotic/nonnecrotic (i.e., YO-PRO-1-negative) fibroblast cell resulted in porcine cloned embryos with considerably better in vitro developmental outcomes than those of cloned embryos generated using the simultaneous fusion and activation approach. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the successful stimulation of porcine NT oocytes using electric pulses followed by an additional activation with a higher dose (1.5 times) of calcium ionomycin and subsequent exposure to a combination of 30 μM R-RSCV and lower concentrations (by 3 times) of 6-dimethylaminopurine and cycloheximide. Moreover, we report here the first use of R-RSCV, a novel meiosis-promoting factor-related p34(cdc2) kinase inhibitor, in the oocyte activation protocol for the somatic cell cloning of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samiec
- Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Kraków, Poland.
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96
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Bors M, Michałowicz J, Pilarski R, Sicińska P, Gulewicz K, Bukowska B. Studies of biological properties of Uncaria tomentosa extracts on human blood mononuclear cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:669-678. [PMID: 22683905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC is a lignified climbing plant from South and Central America, which (under the name of "vilcacora" or "cat's claw") has become highly popular in many countries due to its proven immunostimmulatory and anti-inflammatory activities and also with respect to its anticancer and antioxidative effects. There are insufficient data on the mechanism of U. tomentosa action on normal blood mononuclear cells. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of ethanol and aqueous extracts from bark and leaves of Uncaria tomentosa on the structure and function of human mononuclear cells and to find out whether the kind of extractant used modulates biological activity of the extracts studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material consisted of four different extracts: (1) ethanol extract from leaves, (2) aqueous extract from leaves, (3) ethanol extract from bark and (4) aqueous extract from bark. The effect of these extracts on protein damage as well as on free-radical formation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was analyzed. Moreover, changes in viability, size, and granularity as well as apoptotic alterations in human blood mononuclear cells exposed to U. tomentosa extracts were investigated. RESULTS The oxidative changes were observed in mononuclear blood cells exposed to both ethanol and aqueous extracts obtained from bark and leaves. Moreover, in the cells studied the extracts from U. tomentosa induced apoptosis and a decrease in viability of mononuclear blood cells, with the exception of aqueous extract from leaves. Additionally, no statistically significant changes in the cell size were observed both for aqueous extracts from leaves and bark. Changes in the blood mononuclear cell granularity were observed at 250 μg/mL for all extracts examined. The strongest changes were observed for the ethanol extract of the bark, which increased cell granularity at 50 μg/mL and changed cell size at 100 μg/mL. CONCLUSION The conducted research showed differences in biological activity between aqueous and ethanol extracts. It was observed that ethanol extracts exhibited stronger negative effects on mononuclear blood cells. The kind of extractant used had a significant influence of the chemical composition of the tested extracts. The ethanol extract from bark containing a high amount of polyphenols and alkaloids revealed the highest pro-apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Bors
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
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Pace NJ, Pimental DR, Weerapana E. An inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase omega 1 that selectively targets apoptotic cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8365-8. [PMID: 22777685 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Pace
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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98
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Pace NJ, Pimental DR, Weerapana E. An Inhibitor of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 that Selectively Targets Apoptotic Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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99
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Rovegno M, Feitosa WB, Rocha AM, Mendes CM, Visintin JA, D’Avila Assumpção MEO. Assessment of post-thawed ram sperm viability after incubation with seminal plasma. Cell Tissue Bank 2012; 14:333-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-012-9317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Relationship Between Apoptotic-Like Changes in Stored Boar Semen and DNA Fragmentation in Preimplantation Embryos. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10220-012-0030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Relationship Between Apoptotic-Like Changes in Stored Boar Semen and DNA Fragmentation in Preimplantation EmbryosThe aim of this experiment was to study the relationship between apoptotic-like changes in spermatozoa and DNA fragmentation in embryos obtained after insemination with fresh and stored semen. The ejaculates collected from three boars (five ejaculates from the same boar) were extended in Biosolwens Plus extender and stored for five days at 15-17°C. Semen, both fresh (Day 0) and stored (Day 5) used for insemination was analysed to detect apoptotic-like changes using fluorescence method: an assay to assess early changes in the membrane integrity of the sperm using the YO-PRO-1 fluorophore. After 5.5 days of insemination embryos were flushed out of the uterus and DNA fragmentation using TUNEL was analysed. In the fresh semen an average of 2.7, 3.7 and 6.2% of apoptotic sperm was observed in boar nos. 1, 2 and 3, respectively. After five days of storage the percentage of apoptotic sperm significantly increased up to 8.0, 15.7 and 23.2% in each analysed boar. The TUNEL index was 7.1% in the morphologically normal expanded blastocysts obtained after insemination with stored semen, and approximately 1.7% after insemination with fresh semen. A greater number of degenerated embryos and higher incidence of DNA fragmentation in the morphologically normal blastocysts were observed after insemination with stored semen which consists of higher percentage of apoptotic sperm compared to results from insemination with fresh semen.
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