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Lee MJ, Lee SJ, Yun SJ, Jang JY, Kang H, Kim K, Choi IH, Park S. Silver nanoparticles affect glucose metabolism in hepatoma cells through production of reactive oxygen species. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 11:55-68. [PMID: 26730190 PMCID: PMC4694681 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s94907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is a candidate for anticancer therapy because of its effects on cell survival and signaling. Although numerous reports are available regarding their effect on cell death, the effect of AgNPs on metabolism is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on glucose metabolism in hepatoma cell lines. Lactate release from both HepG2 and Huh7 cells was reduced with 5 nm AgNPs as early as 1 hour after treatment, when cell death did not occur. Treatment with 5 nm AgNPs decreased glucose consumption in HepG2 cells but not in Huh7 cells. Treatment with 5 nm AgNPs reduced nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 expression in both cell types without affecting its activation at the early time points after AgNPs’ treatment. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected 1 hour after 5 nm AgNPs’ treatment, and lactate release was restored in the presence of an ROS scavenger. Our results suggest that 5 nm AgNPs affect glucose metabolism by producing ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Su Jin Yun
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jang
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hangoo Kang
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyongmin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - In-Hong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Park
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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Wildt BE, Celedon A, Maurer EI, Casey BJ, Nagy AM, Hussain SM, Goering PL. Intracellular accumulation and dissolution of silver nanoparticles in L-929 fibroblast cells using live cell time-lapse microscopy. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:710-9. [PMID: 26643278 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity assessments of nanomaterials, such as silver nanoparticles, are challenging due to interferences with test reagents and indicators as well uncertainties in dosing as a result of the complex nature of nanoparticle intracellular accumulation. Furthermore, current theories suggest that silver nanoparticle cytotoxicity is a result of silver nanoparticle dissolution and subsequent ion release. This study introduces a novel technique, nanoparticle associated cytotoxicity microscopy analysis (NACMA), which combines fluorescence microscopy detection using ethidium homodimer-1, a cell permeability marker that binds to DNA after a cell membrane is compromised (a classical dead-cell indicator dye), with live cell time-lapse microscopy and image analysis to simultaneously investigate silver nanoparticle accumulation and cytotoxicity in L-929 fibroblast cells. Results of this method are consistent with traditional methods of assessing cytotoxicity and nanoparticle accumulation. Studies conducted on 10, 50, 100 and 200 nm silver nanoparticles reveal size dependent cytotoxicity with particularly high cytotoxicity from 10 nm particles. In addition, NACMA results, when combined with transmission electron microscopy imaging, reveal direct evidence of intracellular silver ion dissolution and possible nanoparticle reformation within cells for all silver nanoparticle sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget E Wildt
- a Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Alfredo Celedon
- b Pontificia Universidad Catolica De Chile , Santiago , Chile .,c Scanogen Inc , Baltimore , MD , USA , and
| | - Elizabeth I Maurer
- d Applied Biotechnology Branch, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson AFB , Dayton , OH , USA
| | - Brendan J Casey
- a Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Amber M Nagy
- a Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Saber M Hussain
- d Applied Biotechnology Branch, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson AFB , Dayton , OH , USA
| | - Peter L Goering
- a Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring , MD , USA
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Jerobin J, Makwana P, Suresh Kumar RS, Sundaramoorthy R, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N. Antibacterial activity of neem nanoemulsion and its toxicity assessment on human lymphocytes in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10 Suppl 1:77-86. [PMID: 26491309 PMCID: PMC4599620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s79983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is recognized as a medicinal plant well known for its antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. Neem nanoemulsion (NE) (O/W) is formulated using neem oil, Tween 20, and water by high-energy ultrasonication. The formulated neem NE showed antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogen Vibrio vulnificus by disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane. Despite the use of neem NE in various biomedical applications, the toxicity studies on human cells are still lacking. The neem NE showed a decrease in cellular viability in human lymphocytes after 24 hours of exposure. The neem NE at lower concentration (0.7-1 mg/mL) is found to be nontoxic while it is toxic at higher concentrations (1.2-2 mg/mL). The oxidative stress induced by the neem NE is evidenced by the depletion of catalase, SOD, and GSH levels in human lymphocytes. Neem NE showed a significant increase in DNA damage when compared to control in human lymphocytes (P<0.05). The NE is an effective antibacterial agent against the bacterial pathogen V. vulnificus, and it was found to be nontoxic at lower concentrations to human lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Jerobin
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pooja Makwana
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R S Suresh Kumar
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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54
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Perturbation of cellular mechanistic system by silver nanoparticle toxicity: Cytotoxic, genotoxic and epigenetic potentials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 221:4-21. [PMID: 25935324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently the applications of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are gaining overwhelming response due to the advancement of nanotechnology. However, only limited information is available with regard to their toxicity mechanism in different species. It is very essential to understand the complete molecular mechanism to explore the functional and long term applications of Ag NPs. Ag NPs could be toxic at cellular, subcellular, biomolecular, and epigenetic levels. Toxicity effects induced by Ag NPs have been evaluated using numerous in vitro and in vivo models, but still there are contradictions in interpretations due to disparity in methodology, test endpoints and several other model parameters which needs to be considered. Thus, this review article focuses on the progressive elucidation of molecular mechanism of toxicity induced by Ag NPs in various in vitro and in vivo models. Apart from these, this review also highlights the various ignored factors which are to be considered during toxicity studies.
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55
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Orta-García ST, Plascencia-Villa G, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Ruiz-Vera T, Pérez-Vázquez FJ, Velázquez-Salazar JJ, Yacamán MJ, Navarro-Contreras HR, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Analysis of cytotoxic effects of silver nanoclusters on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells 'in vitro'. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1189-99. [PMID: 26281020 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have made these particles one of the most used nanomaterials in consumer products. Therefore, an understanding of the interactions (unwanted toxicity) between nanoparticles and human cells is of significant interest. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoclusters (AgNC, < 2 nm diameter) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Using flow cytometry and comet assay methods, we demonstrate that exposure of PBMC to AgNC induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage and apoptosis at 3, 6 and 12 h, with a dose-dependent response (0.1, 1, 3, 5 and 30 µg ml(-1)). Advanced electron microscopy imaging of complete and ultrathin-sections of PBMC confirmed the cytotoxic effects and cell damage caused by AgNC. The present study showed that AgNC produced without coating agents induced significant cytotoxic effects on PBMC owing to their high aspect ratio and active surface area, even at much lower concentrations (<1 µg ml(-1)) than those applied in previous studies, resembling what would occur under real exposure conditions to nanosilver-functionalized consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Teresa Orta-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Germán Plascencia-Villa
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Angeles Catalina Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Tania Ruiz-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - J Jesús Velázquez-Salazar
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Miguel José Yacamán
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hugo Ricardo Navarro-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.,Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, México
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56
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Butler KS, Peeler DJ, Casey BJ, Dair BJ, Elespuru RK. Silver nanoparticles: correlating nanoparticle size and cellular uptake with genotoxicity. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:577-91. [PMID: 25964273 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this research was to develop a better understanding of the pertinent physico-chemical properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that affect genotoxicity, specifically how cellular uptake influences a genotoxic cell response. The genotoxicity of AgNPs was assessed for three potential mechanisms: mutagenicity, clastogenicity and DNA strand-break-based DNA damage. Mutagenicity (reverse mutation assay) was assessed in five bacterial strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Echerichia coli, including TA102 that is sensitive to oxidative DNA damage. AgNPs of all sizes tested (10, 20, 50 and 100nm), along with silver nitrate (AgNO3), were negative for mutagenicity in bacteria. No AgNPs could be identified within the bacteria cells using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), indicating these bacteria lack the ability to actively uptake AgNPs 10nm or larger. Clastogenicity (flow cytometry-based micronucleus assay) and intermediate DNA damage (DNA strand breaks as measured in the Comet assay) were assessed in two mammalian white blood cell lines: Jurkat Clone E6-1 and THP-1. It was observed that micronucleus and Comet assay end points were inversely correlated with AgNP size, with smaller NPs inducing a more genotoxic response. TEM results indicated that AgNPs were confined within intracellular vesicles of mammalian cells and did not penetrate the nucleus. The genotoxicity test results and the effect of AgNO3 controls suggest that silver ions may be the primary, and perhaps only, cause of genotoxicity. Furthermore, since AgNO3 was not mutagenic in the gram-negative bacterial Ames strains tested, the lack of bacterial uptake of the AgNPs may not be the major reason for the lack of genotoxicity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Butler
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, 10933 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - David J Peeler
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, 10933 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Brendan J Casey
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, 10933 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Benita J Dair
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, 10933 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Rosalie K Elespuru
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, 10933 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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57
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Beyth N, Houri-Haddad Y, Domb A, Khan W, Hazan R. Alternative antimicrobial approach: nano-antimicrobial materials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:246012. [PMID: 25861355 PMCID: PMC4378595 DOI: 10.1155/2015/246012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous existing potent antibiotics and other antimicrobial means, bacterial infections are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, the need to develop additional bactericidal means has significantly increased due to the growing concern regarding multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and biofilm associated infections. Consequently, attention has been especially devoted to new and emerging nanoparticle-based materials in the field of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The present review discusses the activities of nanoparticles as an antimicrobial means, their mode of action, nanoparticle effect on drug-resistant bacteria, and the risks attendant on their use as antibacterial agents. Factors contributing to nanoparticle performance in the clinical setting, their unique properties, and mechanism of action as antibacterial agents are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Beyth
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 12272, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Houri-Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 12272, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi Domb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Wahid Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Ronen Hazan
- Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 12272, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
- IYAR, The Israeli Institute for Advanced Research, Tel Aviv, Israel
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58
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Paino IMM, Zucolotto V. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated silver nanoparticles: activation of neutrophils and nanotoxicology effects in human hepatocarcinoma and mononuclear cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:614-621. [PMID: 25681999 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNps) have been described as important for their excellent biocompatibility, biomedical applications. Nevertheless, AgNps can interact with the immune system which is essential to analyze human exposure to assess their potential risk to health and environment. In general, the primary site for accumulation of nanoparticles has been demonstrated to be the liver. Furthermore, the direct activation of neutrophils or oxidative burst by a given nanoparticle is poorly documented. In this paper, we investigated the cell uptake, apoptosis, necrosis, DNA damage in human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2), primary normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the direct activation of primary isolated neutrophils through the oxidative burst on exposure to AgNps coated with Polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA). All cell types were incubated in the presence of 1.0 and 50.0 μM of AgNps-PVA for 24h. A significant cyto- and genotoxic-response and the activation of human neutrophils were induced by AgNps-PVA (p<0.05). Our results revealed that AgNps can interact with the normal isolated neutrophils, PBMC and HepG2 cells in vitro, which opens the way for further studies on the toxicological effects of AgNps in the human immune system response and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iêda Maria Martinez Paino
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400, CEP13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400, CEP13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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59
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Cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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60
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Soenen SJ, Parak WJ, Rejman J, Manshian B. (Intra)cellular stability of inorganic nanoparticles: effects on cytotoxicity, particle functionality, and biomedical applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:2109-35. [PMID: 25757742 DOI: 10.1021/cr400714j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan J Soenen
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Medicine, KULeuven , B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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61
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He W, Kienzle A, Liu X, Müller WEG, Feng Q. In vitro 30 nm silver nanoparticles promote chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06386h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles positively influence chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells through promoting expression of chondrogenic markers while reducing hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Arne Kienzle
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Xujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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62
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Klingberg H, B. Oddershede L, Loeschner K, Larsen EH, Loft S, Møller P. Uptake of gold nanoparticles in primary human endothelial cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00061g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-particle resolution techniques show that endothelial cells internalise 80 nm unmodified gold nanoparticles by endocytosis with subsequent transport to vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Klingberg
- Department of Public Health
- Section of Environment Health
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | | | - Katrin Loeschner
- Division of Food Chemistry
- National Food Institute
- Technical University of Denmark
- Søborg
- Denmark
| | - Erik H. Larsen
- Division of Food Chemistry
- National Food Institute
- Technical University of Denmark
- Søborg
- Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health
- Section of Environment Health
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health
- Section of Environment Health
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
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63
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Huk A, Izak-Nau E, Reidy B, Boyles M, Duschl A, Lynch I, Dušinska M. Is the toxic potential of nanosilver dependent on its size? Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:65. [PMID: 25466209 PMCID: PMC4274708 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanosilver is one of the most commonly used engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). In our study we focused on assessing the size-dependence of the toxicity of nanosilver (Ag ENMs), utilising materials of three sizes (50, 80 and 200 nm) synthesized by the same method, with the same chemical composition, charge and coating. METHODS Uptake and localisation (by Transmission Electron Microscopy), cell proliferation (Relative growth activity) and cytotoxic effects (Plating efficiency), inflammatory response (induction of IL-8 and MCP-1 by Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay), DNA damage (strand breaks and oxidised DNA lesions by the Comet assay) were all assessed in human lung carcinoma epithelial cells (A549), and the mutagenic potential of ENMs (Mammalian hprt gene mutation test) was assessed in V79-4 cells as per the OECD protocol. Detailed physico-chemical characterization of the ENMs was performed in water and in biological media as a prerequisite to assessment of their impacts on cells. To study the relationship between the surface area of the ENMs and the number of ENMs with the biological response observed, Ag ENMs concentrations were recalculated from μg/cm2 to ENMs cm2/cm2 and ENMs/cm2. RESULTS Studied Ag ENMs are cytotoxic and cytostatic, and induced strand breaks, DNA oxidation, inflammation and gene mutations. Results expressed in mass unit [μg/cm2] suggested that the toxicity of Ag ENMs is size dependent with 50 nm being most toxic. However, re-calculation of Ag ENMs concentrations from mass unit to surface area and number of ENMs per cm2 highlighted that 200 nm Ag ENMs, are the most toxic. Results from hprt gene mutation assay showed that Ag ENMs 200 nm are the most mutagenic irrespective of the concentration unit expressed. CONCLUSION We found that the toxicity of Ag ENMs is not always size dependent. Strong cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were observed in cells exposed to Ag ENMs 50 nm, but Ag ENMs 200 nm had the most mutagenic potential. Additionally, we showed that expression of concentrations of ENMs in mass units is not representative. Number of ENMs or surface area of ENMs (per cm2) seem more precise units with which to compare the toxicity of different ENMs.
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Côté-Maurais G, Bernier J. Silver and fullerene nanoparticles’ effect on interleukin-2-dependent proliferation of CD4 (+) T cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:1474-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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65
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Johnson BM, Fraietta JA, Gracias DT, Hope JL, Stairiker CJ, Patel PR, Mueller YM, McHugh MD, Jablonowski LJ, Wheatley MA, Katsikis PD. Acute exposure to ZnO nanoparticles induces autophagic immune cell death. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:737-48. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.974709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ahlberg S, Antonopulos A, Diendorf J, Dringen R, Epple M, Flöck R, Goedecke W, Graf C, Haberl N, Helmlinger J, Herzog F, Heuer F, Hirn S, Johannes C, Kittler S, Köller M, Korn K, Kreyling WG, Krombach F, Lademann J, Loza K, Luther EM, Malissek M, Meinke MC, Nordmeyer D, Pailliart A, Raabe J, Rancan F, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Rühl E, Schleh C, Seibel A, Sengstock C, Treuel L, Vogt A, Weber K, Zellner R. PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1944-65. [PMID: 25383306 PMCID: PMC4222445 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
PVP-capped silver nanoparticles with a diameter of the metallic core of 70 nm, a hydrodynamic diameter of 120 nm and a zeta potential of -20 mV were prepared and investigated with regard to their biological activity. This review summarizes the physicochemical properties (dissolution, protein adsorption, dispersability) of these nanoparticles and the cellular consequences of the exposure of a broad range of biological test systems to this defined type of silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles dissolve in water in the presence of oxygen. In addition, in biological media (i.e., in the presence of proteins) the surface of silver nanoparticles is rapidly coated by a protein corona that influences their physicochemical and biological properties including cellular uptake. Silver nanoparticles are taken up by cell-type specific endocytosis pathways as demonstrated for hMSC, primary T-cells, primary monocytes, and astrocytes. A visualization of particles inside cells is possible by X-ray microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and combined FIB/SEM analysis. By staining organelles, their localization inside the cell can be additionally determined. While primary brain astrocytes are shown to be fairly tolerant toward silver nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles induce the formation of DNA double-strand-breaks (DSB) and lead to chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster fibroblast cell lines (CHO9, K1, V79B). An exposure of rats to silver nanoparticles in vivo induced a moderate pulmonary toxicity, however, only at rather high concentrations. The same was found in precision-cut lung slices of rats in which silver nanoparticles remained mainly at the tissue surface. In a human 3D triple-cell culture model consisting of three cell types (alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells), adverse effects were also only found at high silver concentrations. The silver ions that are released from silver nanoparticles may be harmful to skin with disrupted barrier (e.g., wounds) and induce oxidative stress in skin cells (HaCaT). In conclusion, the data obtained on the effects of this well-defined type of silver nanoparticles on various biological systems clearly demonstrate that cell-type specific properties as well as experimental conditions determine the biocompatibility of and the cellular responses to an exposure with silver nanoparticles.
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Gene expression analysis reveals a functional role for the Ag-NPs-induced Egr-1 transcriptional factor in human keratinocytes. Mol Cell Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-014-0016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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69
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A nano-silver composite based on the ion-exchange response for the intelligent antibacterial applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 41:134-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Erakovic S, Jankovic A, Tsui GCP, Tang CY, Miskovic-Stankovic V, Stevanovic T. Novel bioactive antimicrobial lignin containing coatings on titanium obtained by electrophoretic deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:12294-322. [PMID: 25019343 PMCID: PMC4139845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150712294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the most suitable biocompatible material for bone implant coatings; its brittleness, however, is a major obstacle, and the reason why research focuses on creating composites with biopolymers. Organosolv lignin (Lig) is used for the production of composite coatings, and these composites were examined in this study. Titanium substrate is a key biomedical material due to its well-known properties, but infections of the implantation site still impose a serious threat. One approach to prevent infection is to improve antimicrobial properties of the coating material. Silver doped hydroxyapatite (Ag/HAP) and HAP coatings on titanium were obtained by an electrophoretic deposition method in order to control deposited coating mass and morphology by varying applied voltage and deposition time. The effect of lignin on microstructure, morphology and thermal behavior of biocomposite coatings was investigated. The results showed that higher lignin concentrations protect the HAP lattice during sintering, improving coating stability. The corrosion stability was evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. Newly formed plate-shaped carbonate-HAP was detected, indicating enhanced bioactive performance. The antimicrobial efficiency of Ag/HAP/Lig was confirmed by its higher reduction of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus TL (S. aureus TL) than of HAP/Lig coating. Cytotoxicity assay revealed that both coatings can be classified as non-toxic against healthy immunocompetent peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Erakovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Ana Jankovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Gary C P Tsui
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, AG711 Chung Sze Yuen Building, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chak-Yin Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, AG711 Chung Sze Yuen Building, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Vesna Miskovic-Stankovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Tatjana Stevanovic
- Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de Foresterie, de Géographie et de Géomatique, Université Laval, 2425 rue de la Terrasse, Pavillon Gene-H.-Kruger, Québec G1V 0A6, QC, Canada.
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71
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Effect of 28-day oral administration of silver nanocolloid on the peripheral blood leukocytes in mice. Pol J Vet Sci 2014; 17:263-73. [DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2014-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles, which have found a wide range of applications owing to their antimicrobial properties, are also recommended as dietary supplements in alternative medicine. Studies on rodents confirm that nanosilver is absorbed from the digestive tract into the bloodstream, which implies its possible interactions with leukocytes. The objective of the experiment discussed herein has been to determine the effect of 28-day oral administration of different doses (0.25, 2.5, 25 ppm) of commercial silver nanocolloid on hematological parameters, percentages of particular lymphocyte populations and activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes in mice. All the tested colloid doses decreased the counts of monocytes in the animals’ blood and induced phenotypic modifications among lymphocytes: an increase in CD4+/CD8+ T cell distribution, a decrease in NK and NKT cell distribution (doses of 0.25 and 2.5 ppm) and an increased CD4+:CD8+ ratio (25 ppm). Silver nanocolloid also affected the activity of cells, depressing the proliferation of lymphocytes (0.25 ppm) and stimulating phagocytosis as well as the respiratory burst of granulocytes and monocytes (all doses). The results verify the influence of orally administered silver colloid on the peripheral blood leukocytes, at the same time implying the potential risk of developing an inappropriate immune response of an organism exposed to prolonged administration of this substance
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72
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The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after 28-day oral administration of silver nanocolloid. Pol J Vet Sci 2014; 17:27-35. [PMID: 24724467 DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2014-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of applications of silver nanoparticles in industry, medicine and everyday life means that the risk of exposure of the human organism to their potential harmful influence is growing. This study has sought to assess the effect of 28-day alimentary administration of different concentrations (0.25, 2.5 and 25 ppm) of a commercial silver nanocolloid on the proliferative activity and synthesis of cytokines by mouse splenocytes. All of the analyzed doses of the colloid had a significant, albeit different, effect on the activity of splenocytes. At the lowest dose, a significant decrease in the proliferation of T cells and more intensive synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, both by non-stimulated and LPS-stimulated cells, was observed. The intermediate dose, on the other hand, stimulated proliferation of B cells while producing a pro-inflammatory effect regarding the synthesis of cytokines. Finally, the highest dose decreased the synthesis of cytokines by non-stimulated cells, but after LPS stimulation, through the strong activation of the IL-10 synthesis, it raised the proliferation of B cells and decreased the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results suggest that silver nanoparticles administered orally have an easy access to the peripheral organs of the immune system, such as the spleen, but the effect of long-term exposure of this organ to the effect of silver nanocolloid depends on several factors, including the dose of nanoparticles, and seems as difficult to predict.
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Di Bucchianico S, Fabbrizi MR, Cirillo S, Uboldi C, Gilliland D, Valsami-Jones E, Migliore L. Aneuploidogenic effects and DNA oxidation induced in vitro by differently sized gold nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2191-204. [PMID: 24855356 PMCID: PMC4020889 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s58397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are used in many fields, including biomedical applications; however, no conclusive information on their potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity mechanisms is available. For this reason, experiments in human primary lymphocytes and murine macrophages (Raw264.7) were performed exposing cells to spherical citrate-capped Au NPs with two different nominal diameters (5 nm and 15 nm). The proliferative activity, mitotic, apoptotic, and necrotic markers, as well as chromosomal damage were assessed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with human and murine pancentromeric probes was applied to distinguish between clastogenic and aneuploidogenic effects. Our results indicate that 5 nm and 15 nm Au NPs are able to inhibit cell proliferation by apoptosis and to induce chromosomal damage, in particular chromosome mis-segregation. DNA strand breaks were detected by comet assay, and the modified protocol using endonuclease-III and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase restriction enzymes showed that pyrimidines and purines were oxidatively damaged by Au NPs. Moreover, we show a size-independent correlation between the cytotoxicity of Au NPs and their tested mass concentration or absolute number, and genotoxic effects which were more severe for Au NP 15 nm compared to Au NP 5 nm. Results indicate that apoptosis, aneuploidy, and DNA oxidation play a pivotal role in the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity exerted by Au NPs in our cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Di Bucchianico
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Fabbrizi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Uboldi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Douglas Gilliland
- European Commission-Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, NanoBioSciences Unit, Ispra, Italy
| | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK ; Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Lozano-Fernández T, Ballester-Antxordoki L, Pérez-Temprano N, Rojas E, Sanz D, Iglesias-Gaspar M, Moya S, González-Fernández Á, Rey M. Potential impact of metal oxide nanoparticles on the immune system: The role of integrins, L-selectin and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:1301-10. [PMID: 24650882 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The impact of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) on the immune system has been studied in vitro using human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Metal oxide NPs (ZnO, CeO2, TiO2 and Al2O3) induced changes in the expression levels of adhesion molecules and the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in these cells. Proliferation studies were carried out with CFSE in response to PHA, finding an increase in T-cell proliferation upon cell exposure to TiO2 and Al2O3 NPs. For ZnO NPs, a decrease in the chemotactic response to SDF-1α was observed. No changes were found in basophil activation and leukocyte oxidative burst after phagocytosis. Despite the absence of cytotoxicity, metal oxide NPs are not inert; they alter the expression levels of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, key actors in the immune response, and affect important cell functions such as T-cell proliferative response to mitogens and chemotaxis. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This study demonstrates the immune-modulating effects of four different metal nanoparticles in a human peripheral blood lymphocyte model system. These effects were clearly present even though these nanoparticles did not display cytotocity in ex vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Lozano-Fernández
- Immunology, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo (IBIV), University of Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Nerea Pérez-Temprano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Elena Rojas
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - David Sanz
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Maite Iglesias-Gaspar
- Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica e Investigación, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Sergio Moya
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- Immunology, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo (IBIV), University of Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Rey
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain.
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75
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The in vitro effect of commercially available noble metal nanocolloids on the splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine production in mice. Pol J Vet Sci 2014; 17:37-45. [DOI: 10.2478/pjvs-2014-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles, currently among the most popular types of nanomaterials, are capable of penetrating through biological barriers once they enter a living organism. There, they can permeate into organs possessing the reticuloendothelial system, such as the spleen. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of commercial nanocolloids of noble metals (silver, gold and copper), recommended by the manufacturer as dietary supplements, on the in vitro viability, proliferative activity and production of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL- 10 and TNF-α) by mouse splenocytes.
All of the analyzed colloids had some effect on the activity of mouse splenocytes. Silver colloid was characterized by high toxicity - concentrations of 1.25 ppm and above substantially depressed the viability of cells as well as their proliferative activity and ability to synthesize cytokines. The other two colloids were far less toxic than nanosilver, although their non-toxic concentrations had a significant effect on the production of cytokines by mitogen activated splenocytes. The colloid of gold decreased the level of IL-2, and the colloid of copper caused an increase in IL-2, IL6 and Il-10. At the same time, copper colloid alone induced the synthesis of IL-1β in mitogen unstimulated cells. The results indicate that colloids of noble metals are capable of affecting the activity of immunocompetent cells in important peripheral organs of the immune system.
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Taglietti A, Arciola CR, D'Agostino A, Dacarro G, Montanaro L, Campoccia D, Cucca L, Vercellino M, Poggi A, Pallavicini P, Visai L. Antibiofilm activity of a monolayer of silver nanoparticles anchored to an amino-silanized glass surface. Biomaterials 2014; 35:1779-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Dubnika A, Loca D, Salma I, Reinis A, Poca L, Berzina-Cimdina L. Evaluation of the physical and antimicrobial properties of silver doped hydroxyapatite depending on the preparation method. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:435-44. [PMID: 24170340 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of the preparation method on the physical and antibacterial properties of silver doped hydroxyapatite (HAp/Ag) samples was investigated. HAp/Ag with 0.1-5 % of silver was prepared using two different modified wet chemical precipitation methods. A comparison of thermal stability and thermodynamical properties indicated that the thermal stability and sintering temperature of HAp/Ag were higher than those of pure hydroxyapatite if Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, AgNO3, NH4OH and (NH4)2HPO4 were used as raw materials. Phase composition and silver release were determined by XRD and ICP-MS. The study showed that, after 50 h in simulated body fluid 0.8-1.8 % of silver of the total silver amount was released from compact HAp/Ag scaffolds, and release kinetics strongly depended on the HAp/Ag preparation method. In vitro antibacterial activity of samples from each method against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was approved. Results showed that, in the case of using Ca(OH)2, H3PO4 and AgNO3 as raw materials for HAp/Ag synthesis, higher antibacterial activity towards both bacterial strains could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arita Dubnika
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3/3, Riga, 1007, Latvia,
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Laloy J, Minet V, Alpan L, Mullier F, Beken S, Toussaint O, Lucas S, Dogné JM. Impact of Silver Nanoparticles on Haemolysis, Platelet Function and Coagulation. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2014; 1:4. [PMID: 30023015 PMCID: PMC6029236 DOI: 10.5772/59346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are increasingly used in biomedical applications because of their large antimicrobial spectrum. Data in the literature on the ability of Ag NPs to perform their desired function without eliciting undesirable effects on blood elements are very limited and contradictory. We studied the impact of Ag NPs on erythrocyte integrity, platelet function and blood coagulation. Erythrocyte integrity was assessed by spectrophotometric measurement of haemoglobin release. Platelet adhesion and aggregation was determined by light transmission aggregometry and scanning electron microscopy. The calibrated thrombin generation test was used to study the impact on coagulation cascade. We demonstrated that Ag NPs induced haemolysis. They also increase platelet adhesion without having any impact on platelet aggregation. Finally, they also had procoagulant potential. Bringing all data from these tests together, the no observed effect concentration is 5 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Laloy
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), NAmur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Valentine Minet
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), NAmur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Lutfiye Alpan
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), NAmur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - François Mullier
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), NAmur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.,Hematology Department, CHU Dinant Godinne - UCL Namur, Belgium
| | - Sonja Beken
- Division Evaluators, DG PRE Authorisation, Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products (FAMHP), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Toussaint
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry and Biology, NNC, NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lucas
- Research Centre for the Physics of Matter and Radiation, NNC, NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Dogné
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), NAmur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Sengstock C, Diendorf J, Epple M, Schildhauer TA, Köller M. Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:2058-69. [PMID: 25551033 PMCID: PMC4273214 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) are one of the fastest growing products in nano-medicine due to their enhanced antibacterial activity at the nanoscale level. In biomedicine, hundreds of products have been coated with Ag-NP. For example, various medical devices include silver, such as surgical instruments, bone implants and wound dressings. After the degradation of these materials, or depending on the coating technique, silver in nanoparticle or ion form can be released and may come into close contact with tissues and cells. Despite incorporation of Ag-NP as an antibacterial agent in different products, the toxicological and biological effects of silver in the human body after long-term and low-concentration exposure are not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the effects of both ionic and nanoparticulate silver on the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages and on the secretion of the respective differentiation markers adiponectin, osteocalcin and aggrecan. RESULTS As shown through laser scanning microscopy, Ag-NP with a size of 80 nm (hydrodynamic diameter) were taken up into hMSCs as nanoparticulate material. After 24 h of incubation, these Ag-NP were mainly found in the endo-lysosomal cell compartment as agglomerated material. Cytotoxicity was observed for differentiated or undifferentiated hMSCs treated with high silver concentrations (≥20 µg·mL(-1) Ag-NP; ≥1.5 µg·mL(-1) Ag(+) ions) but not with low-concentration treatments (≤10 µg·mL(-1) Ag-NP; ≤1.0 µg·mL(-1) Ag(+) ions). Subtoxic concentrations of Ag-NP and Ag(+) ions impaired the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas chondrogenic differentiation was unaffected after 21 d of incubation. In contrast to aggrecan, the inhibitory effect of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by a decrease in the secretion of specific biomarkers, including adiponectin (adipocytes) and osteocalcin (osteoblasts). CONCLUSION Aside from the well-studied antibacterial effect of silver, little is known about the influence of nano-silver on cell differentiation processes. Our results demonstrate that ionic or nanoparticulate silver attenuates the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs even at non-toxic concentrations. Therefore, more studies are needed to investigate the effects of silver species on cells at low concentrations during long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Sengstock
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Diendorf
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas A Schildhauer
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Manfred Köller
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
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Loza K, Diendorf J, Sengstock C, Ruiz-Gonzalez L, Gonzalez-Calbet JM, Vallet-Regi M, Köller M, Epple M. The dissolution and biological effects of silver nanoparticles in biological media. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1634-1643. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21569e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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81
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Pauksch L, Hartmann S, Rohnke M, Szalay G, Alt V, Schnettler R, Lips KS. Biocompatibility of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in primary human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:439-49. [PMID: 24095782 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of implant-related infections is an important issue in medical research. The aim is to exploit the strong antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) to develop new antibacterial coatings for implants. However, there is still a serious lack of information on the influence of AgNP on bone metabolism. In the present study we have evaluated the influence of AgNP on cell stress, viability, proliferation and differentiation of primary human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and osteoblasts (OB). Finally, cellular uptake of the AgNP was examined. After 21 days impairment of cell viability of MSC and OB occurred at a concentration of 10 μg/g of AgNP. Cytotoxicity and inhibition of proliferation was highly time and dose dependent. No influence on cell differentiation, but an increase in cell stress, was observed. Uptake of AgNP into MSC and OB could be confirmed. In summary, these results demonstrate AgNP-mediated cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. Therefore, a therapeutical window for the application of AgNP in medical products might exist. However, the antibacterial benefits and potential health risks of AgNP need to be weighed in further studies.
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82
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Haberl N, Hirn S, Wenk A, Diendorf J, Epple M, Johnston BD, Krombach F, Kreyling WG, Schleh C. Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 4:933-940. [PMID: 24455451 PMCID: PMC3896256 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are among the most promising nanomaterials, and their usage in medical applications and consumer products is growing rapidly. To evaluate possible adverse health effects, especially to the lungs, the current study focused on the cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of AgNP after the intratracheal instillation in rats. Monodisperse, PVP-coated AgNP (70 nm) showing little agglomeration in aqueous suspension were instilled intratracheally. After 24 hours, the lungs were lavaged, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and cytokine levels as well as total and differential cell counts were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Instillation of 50 µg PVP-AgNP did not result in elevated LDH, total protein, or cytokine levels in BALF compared to the control, whereas instillation of 250 µg PVP-AgNP caused a significant increase in LDH (1.9-fold) and total protein (1.3-fold) levels as well as in neutrophil numbers (60-fold) of BALF. Furthermore, while there was no change in BALF cytokine levels after the instillation of 50 µg PVP-AgNP, instillation of 250 µg PVP-AgNP resulted in significantly increased levels of seven out of eleven measured cytokines. These finding suggest that exposure to inhaled AgNP can induce moderate pulmonary toxicity, but only at rather high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Haberl
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Current address: Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany, Phone: +49 89 2180 76540, Fax: +4949 89 2180 76532
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Current address: Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany, Phone: +49 89 2180 76540, Fax: +4949 89 2180 76532
| | - Alexander Wenk
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Diendorf
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Blair D Johnston
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Fritz Krombach
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Current address: Institute of Epidemiology 2, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schleh
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Current address: Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall, Am Knie 8, 81241 München, Germany
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83
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Krajewski S, Prucek R, Panacek A, Avci-Adali M, Nolte A, Straub A, Zboril R, Wendel HP, Kvitek L. Hemocompatibility evaluation of different silver nanoparticle concentrations employing a modified Chandler-loop in vitro assay on human blood. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7460-8. [PMID: 23523936 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to their antibacterial effects, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a great variety of medical applications like coatings of medical devices has increased markedly in the last few years. However, blood in contact with AgNPs may induce adverse effects, thereby altering hemostatic functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the hemocompatibility of AgNPs in whole blood. Human whole blood (n=6) was treated with different AgNPs concentrations (1, 3 and 30mgl(-1)) or with saline/blank solutions as controls before being circulated in an in vitro Chandler-loop model for 60min at 37°C. Before and after circulation, various hematologic markers were investigated. Based on the hematologic parameters measured, no profound changes were observed in the groups treated with AgNP concentrations of 1 or 3mgl(-1). AgNP concentrations of 30mgl(-1) induced hemolysis of erythrocytes and α-granule secretion in platelets, increased CD11b expression on granulocytes, increased coagulation markers thrombin-antithrombin-III complex, kallikrein-like and FXIIa-like activities as well as complementing cascade activation. Overall, we provide for the first time a comprehensive evaluation including all hematologic parameters required to reliably assess the hemocompatibility of AgNPs. We strongly recommend integrating these hemocompatibility tests to preclinical test procedures prior to in vivo application of new AgNP-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Krajewski
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany
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84
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Jovanović Ž, Radosavljević A, Kačarević-Popović Z, Stojkovska J, Perić-Grujić A, Ristić M, Matić IZ, Juranić ZD, Obradovic B, Mišković-Stanković V. Bioreactor validation and biocompatibility of Ag/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogel nanocomposites. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 105:230-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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85
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Dobay MP, Schmidt A, Mendoza E, Bein T, Rädler JO. Cell type determines the light-induced endosomal escape kinetics of multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:1047-1052. [PMID: 23406469 DOI: 10.1021/nl304273u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated uptake and individual endosome lysis events in fibroblast, normal, and carcinoma cell lines using a colloidal mesoporous silica (CMS) nanoparticle (NP)-based reporter system with a covalently attached photosensitizer. Endosome lysis was induced through the activation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Surprisingly, this release-on-demand system resulted in more broadly distributed lysis times than expected, particularly for Renca, a renal carcinoma cell line. An analysis of the NP load per endosome, endosome size, and uptake characteristics indicate that Renca cells not only take up a lower amount of NPs in comparison with the fibroblast cells but also have larger endosomes and a lower NP load per endosome. We then created a stochastic model detailing steps downstream of uptake to understand how much factors that cannot be directly measured, such as variations in the PpIX load per NP, affect the lysis time distributions. Model results indicate that the distributions are primarily determined by the endosome properties, rather than variations across NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pamela Dobay
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
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86
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Rauch J, Kolch W, Laurent S, Mahmoudi M. Big signals from small particles: regulation of cell signaling pathways by nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3391-406. [PMID: 23428231 DOI: 10.1021/cr3002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rauch
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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87
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Peetsch A, Greulich C, Braun D, Stroetges C, Rehage H, Siebers B, Köller M, Epple M. Silver-doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and toxic effects toward mammalian and prokaryotic cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:724-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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88
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Lin JJ, Lin WC, Li SD, Lin CY, Hsu SH. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility for silver nanoparticles immobilized on nano silicate platelets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:433-443. [PMID: 23270500 DOI: 10.1021/am302534k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for their bactericidal abilities. The antibacterial potency is dependent on the particle size and dispersion status. In this study, we synthesized AgNP/NSP nanohybrids in two different weight ratios (1/99 and 8/92) using the fully exfoliated clay, i.e., nanosilicate platelets (NSP), as a dispersing agent and carrier for AgNPs. Due to the size of NSP, the immobilized AgNPs do not enter cells readily, which may lower the risk associated with the cellular uptake of AgNPs. The biocompatibility, immunological response, and antimicrobial activities of AgNP/NSP hybrids were evaluated. The results revealed that AgNP/NSP hybrids elicited merely mild inflammatory response and retained the outstanding antibacterial activity. The hybrids were further embedded in poly(ether)urethane (PEU) to increase the biocompatibility. At the same silver content (20 ppm), the PEU-AgNP/NSP nanocomposites were nontoxic to mouse skin fibroblasts, while simultaneously exhibiting nearly complete bacterial growth reduction (99.9%). PEU containing the same amount of free AgNPs did not display such an effect. Our results verify the better biosafety of the AgNPs/NSP hybrids and their polymer nanocomposites for further clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jen Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, (ROC)
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89
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Mironava T, Simon M, Rafailovich MH, Rigas B. Platinum folate nanoparticles toxicity: cancer vs. normal cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:882-9. [PMID: 23318730 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Almost for two decades metallic nanoparticles are successfully used for cancer detection, imaging and treatment. Due to their high electron density they can be easily observed by electron microscopy and used in laser and radiofrequency therapy as energy releasing agents. However, the limitation for this practice is an inability to generate tumor-specific heating in a minimally invasive manner to the healthy tissue. To overcome this restraint we proposed to use folic acid coated metallic nanoparticles and determine whether they preferentially penetrate cancer cells. We developed technique for synthesizing platinum nanoparticles using folic acid as stabilizing agent which produced particles of relatively narrow size distribution, having d=2.3 ± 0.5 nm. High resolution TEM and zeta potential analysis indicated that the particles produced by this method had a high degree of crystalline order with no amorphous outer shell and a high degree of colloidal stability. The keratinocytes and mammary breast cells (cancer and normal) were incubated with platinum folate nanoparticles, and the results showed that the IC50 was significantly higher for the normal cells than the cancer cells in both cases, indicating that these nanoparticles preferentially target the cancer cells. TEM images of thin sections taken from the two types of cells indicated that the number of vacuoles and morphology changes after incubation with nanoparticles was also larger for the cancer cells in both types of tissue studied. No preferential toxicity was observed when folic acid receptors were saturated with free folic acid prior to exposure to nanoparticles. These results confirm our hypothesis regarding the preferential penetration of folic acid coated nanoparticles to cancer cells due to receptor mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsiana Mironava
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Facility, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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90
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Joris F, Manshian BB, Peynshaert K, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Soenen SJ. Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8339-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60145e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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91
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Laverny G, Casset A, Purohit A, Schaeffer E, Spiegelhalter C, de Blay F, Pons F. Immunomodulatory properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects and allergic patients. Toxicol Lett 2012; 217:91-101. [PMID: 23266719 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory activity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and mite-allergic subjects. Freshly prepared PBMCs, stimulated or not with Toll-like receptor (TLR)1-9 agonists, a T cell mitogen (phytohemagglutinin A) or mite allergen extract were cultured in the presence or absence of MWCNTs. Secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12/23p40 or IFN-γ was quantified in the culture supernatants by ELISA. Basal secretion of all the cytokines was not altered by MWCNTs in PBMCs from both healthy donors and allergic subjects. In PBMCs from healthy donors, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12/23p40 secretion in response to the TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide was however increased in a dose-dependent manner by MWCNTs. Significant increases in the release of these cytokines were also observed in PBMCs stimulated with a TLR2 or TLR3 agonist. MWCNTs also increased the release of IL-2 and IFN-γ by PBMCs stimulated with a T cell mitogen. In contrast, MWCNTs inhibited allergen-induced IL-5 secretion by PBMCs from mite-allergic subjects. As well, MWCNTs altered the capacity of PBMC-derived monocytes to differentiate into functional dendritic cells. All together, our data suggest that according to its immune cell target, MWCNTs may either promote or suppress immune responses in humans. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the complexity behind interactions of engineered nanoparticles with the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Laverny
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
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92
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Chernousova S, Epple M. Silber als antibakterielles Agens: Ion, Nanopartikel, Metall. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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93
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Chernousova S, Epple M. Silver as antibacterial agent: ion, nanoparticle, and metal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1636-53. [PMID: 23255416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1267] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The antibacterial action of silver is utilized in numerous consumer products and medical devices. Metallic silver, silver salts, and also silver nanoparticles are used for this purpose. The state of research on the effect of silver on bacteria, cells, and higher organisms is summarized. It can be concluded that the therapeutic window for silver is narrower than often assumed. However, the risks for humans and the environment are probably limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Chernousova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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94
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Battiston KG, Labow RS, Santerre JP. Protein binding mediation of biomaterial-dependent monocyte activation on a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8316-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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95
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Sur I, Altunbek M, Kahraman M, Culha M. The influence of the surface chemistry of silver nanoparticles on cell death. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:375102. [PMID: 22922335 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/37/375102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the surface chemistry of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on p53 mediated cell death was evaluated using human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and lung cancer (A549) cells. The citrate reduced AgNPs (C-AgNPs) were modified with either lactose (L-AgNPs) or a 12-base long oligonucleotide (O-AgNPs). Both unmodified and modified AgNPs showed increased concentration and time dependent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity causing an increased p53 up-regulation within 6 h and led to apoptotic or necrotic cell deaths. The C-AgNPs induced more cytotoxicity and cellular DNA damage than the surface modified AgNPs. Modifying the C-AgNPs with lactose or the oligonucleotide reduced both necrotic and apoptotic cell deaths in the HDF cells. The C-AgNPs caused an insignificant necrosis in A549 cells whereas the modified AgNPs caused necrosis and apoptosis in both cell types. Compared to the O-AgNPs, the L-AgNPs triggered more cellular DNA damage, which led to up-regulation of p53 gene inducing apoptosis in A549 cells compared to HDF cells. This suggests that the different surface chemistries of the AgNPs cause different cellular responses that may be important not only for their use in medicine but also for reducing their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Sur
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
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96
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van der Zande M, Vandebriel RJ, Van Doren E, Kramer E, Herrera Rivera Z, Serrano-Rojero CS, Gremmer ER, Mast J, Peters RJB, Hollman PCH, Hendriksen PJM, Marvin HJP, Peijnenburg AACM, Bouwmeester H. Distribution, elimination, and toxicity of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in rats after 28-day oral exposure. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7427-42. [PMID: 22857815 DOI: 10.1021/nn302649p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a 28-day oral exposure study in rats, exposed to <20 nm noncoated, or <15 nm PVP-coated silver nanoparticles ([Ag] = 90 mg/kg body weight (bw)), or AgNO(3) ([Ag] = 9 mg/kg bw), or carrier solution only. Dissection was performed at day 29, and after a wash-out period of 1 or 8 weeks. Silver was present in all examined organs with the highest levels in the liver and spleen for all silver treatments. Silver concentrations in the organs were highly correlated to the amount of Ag(+) in the silver nanoparticle suspension, indicating that mainly Ag(+), and to a much lesser extent silver nanoparticles, passed the intestines in the silver nanoparticle exposed rats. In all groups silver was cleared from most organs after 8 weeks postdosing, but remarkably not from the brain and testis. Using single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, silver nanoparticles were detected in silver nanoparticle exposed rats, but, remarkably also in AgNO(3) exposed rats, hereby demonstrating the formation of nanoparticles from Ag(+)in vivo that are probably composed of silver salts. Biochemical markers and antibody levels in blood, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine release, and NK-cell activity did not reveal hepatotoxicity or immunotoxicity of the silver exposure. In conclusion, oral exposure to silver nanoparticles appears to be very similar to exposure to silver salts. However, the consequences of in vivo formation of silver nanoparticles, and of the long retention of silver in brain and testis should be considered in a risk assessment of silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike van der Zande
- RIKILT-Wageningen University & Research Centre, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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97
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Tautzenberger A, Kovtun A, Ignatius A. Nanoparticles and their potential for application in bone. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4545-57. [PMID: 22923992 PMCID: PMC3423651 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials are commonly applied in regenerative therapy and tissue engineering in bone, and have been substantially refined in recent years. Thereby, research approaches focus more and more on nanoparticles, which have great potential for a variety of applications. Generally, nanoparticles interact distinctively with bone cells and tissue, depending on their composition, size, and shape. Therefore, detailed analyses of nanoparticle effects on cellular functions have been performed to select the most suitable candidates for supporting bone regeneration. This review will highlight potential nanoparticle applications in bone, focusing on cell labeling as well as drug and gene delivery. Labeling, eg, of mesenchymal stem cells, which display exceptional regenerative potential, makes monitoring and evaluation of cell therapy approaches possible. By including bioactive molecules in nanoparticles, locally and temporally controlled support of tissue regeneration is feasible, eg, to directly influence osteoblast differentiation or excessive osteoclast behavior. In addition, the delivery of genetic material with nanoparticulate carriers offers the possibility of overcoming certain disadvantages of standard protein delivery approaches, such as aggregation in the bloodstream during systemic therapy. Moreover, nanoparticles are already clinically applied in cancer treatment. Thus, corresponding efforts could lead to new therapeutic strategies to improve bone regeneration or to treat bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tautzenberger
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Musculoskeletal Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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98
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Andersson-Willman B, Gehrmann U, Cansu Z, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Krug HF, Gabrielsson S, Scheynius A. Effects of subtoxic concentrations of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles on human lymphocytes, dendritic cells and exosome production. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 264:94-103. [PMID: 22842014 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in the paint and coating industry as well as in cosmetics, but the knowledge of their possible interactions with the immune system is very limited. Our aims were to investigate if commercially available TiO(2) and ZnO nanoparticles may affect different human immune cells and their production of exosomes, nano-sized vesicles that have a role in cell to cell communication. We found that the TiO(2) or ZnO nanoparticles at concentrations from 1 to 100μg/mL did not affect the viability of primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In contrast, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) reacted with a dose dependent increase in cell death and caspase activity to ZnO but not to TiO(2) nanoparticles. Non-toxic exposure, 10μg/mL, to TiO(2) and ZnO nanoparticles did not significantly alter the phenotype of MDDC. Interestingly, ZnO but not TiO(2) nanoparticles induced a down regulation of FcγRIII (CD16) expression on NK-cells in the PBMC population, suggesting that subtoxic concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles might have an effect on FcγR-mediated immune responses. The phenotype and size of exosomes produced by PBMC or MDDC exposed to the nanoparticles were similar to that of exosomes harvested from control cultures. TiO(2) or ZnO nanoparticles could not be detected within or associated to exosomes as analyzed with TEM. We conclude that TiO(2) and ZnO nanoparticles differently affect immune cells and that evaluations of nanoparticles should be performed even at subtoxic concentrations on different primary human immune cells when investigating potential effects on immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Andersson-Willman
- Translational Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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99
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You C, Han C, Wang X, Zheng Y, Li Q, Hu X, Sun H. The progress of silver nanoparticles in the antibacterial mechanism, clinical application and cytotoxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9193-201. [PMID: 22722996 PMCID: PMC7089021 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a highly promising field, with nanoparticles produced and utilized in a wide range of commercial products. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been widely used in clothing, electronics, bio-sensing, the food industry, paints, sunscreens, cosmetics and medical devices, all of which increase human exposure and thus the potential risk related to their short- and long-term toxicity. Many studies indicate that AgNPs are toxic to human health. Interestingly, the majority of these studies focus on the interaction of the nano-silver particle with single cells, indicating that AgNPs have the potential to induce the genes associated with cell cycle progression, DNA damage and mitochondrial associated apoptosis. AgNPs administered through any method were subsequently detected in blood and were found to cause deposition in several organs. There are very few studies in rats and mice involving the in vivo bio-distribution and toxicity, organ accumulation and degradation, and the possible adverse effects and toxicity in vivo are only slowly being recognized. In the present review, we summarize the current data associated with the increased medical usage of nano-silver and its related nano-materials, compare the mechanism of antibiosis and discuss the proper application of nano-silver particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang You
- Department of Burns, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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100
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Luther EM, Schmidt MM, Diendorf J, Epple M, Dringen R. Upregulation of Metallothioneins After Exposure of Cultured Primary Astrocytes to Silver Nanoparticles. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1639-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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