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Juneau C, Pellerin N, Trives E, Ricard M, Shankland R, Dambrun M. Reliability and validity of an equanimity questionnaire: the two-factor equanimity scale (EQUA-S). PeerJ 2020; 8:e9405. [PMID: 32704443 PMCID: PMC7350915 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have revealed the positive impact of mindfulness training on mental health and proposed equanimity as a general outcome in contemplative research. Despite recent interest, relatively few studies have empirically examined equanimity and measurement instruments are still lacking. The main goal of this study was to develop an Equanimity Scale (the EQUA-S) in a Western population with or without meditation experience, based on previous definitions of equanimity, in order to investigate its relations with the relevant psychological constructs and health outcomes. Methods Adults from the general population (N = 265; M age = 34.81) completed various measures: the EQUA-S, mindfulness, hyper-sensitivity, avoidance and fusion, impulsivity, personality, alexithymia, sensitivity to punishment and reward and frequency of problematic addictive behaviors. The dimensionality of the EQUA-S was examined using Factor Analyses. The convergent validity of this new scale was investigated using Pearson's Correlations. Results The results of a factor analysis revealed two dimensions of equanimity: an even-minded state of mind (E-MSM) and a hedonic independence (HI) component. While the E-MSM was positively related to emotional stability, adaptive emotional regulation and several mindfulness-related abilities, HI was found to correlate negatively with addictive issues. Discussion The relations with personality constructs and possible related cognitive processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Juneau
- LAPSCO CNRS UMR 6024, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Pellerin
- CLLE-LTC CNRS UMR 5263, Université de Toulouse-le-Mirail (Toulouse II), Toulouse, France
| | - Elliott Trives
- LAPCOS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Matthieu Ricard
- Mind and Life Institute, Shechen Monastery, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Michael Dambrun
- LAPSCO CNRS UMR 6024, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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You M, Laborde S, Dosseville F, Salinas A, Allen MS. Associations of chronotype, Big Five, and emotional competences with perceived stress in university students. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1090-1098. [PMID: 32400200 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1752705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the associations between individual difference factors (chronotype, Big Five, emotional competences) and perceived stress in French university students. In total, 362 students agreed to take part (M age = 20.19 ± 1.75 years). Participants completed the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire, Big Five Inventory, the Profile of Emotional Competences, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results showed that chronotype amplitude (+), eveningness chronotype (+), neuroticism (+), conscientiousness (-), and intrapersonal emotional competences (-) were important for perceived stress. These findings have theoretical and practical implications in terms of identifying students who might benefit most from stress management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min You
- UFR De Psychologie, EA3918 CERREV, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne , Cologne, Germany.,EA4260CesamS, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | | | - Agnès Salinas
- UFR De Psychologie, EA3918 CERREV, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | - Mark S Allen
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, Australia
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Giustiniani J, Nicolier M, Teti Mayer J, Chabin T, Masse C, Galmès N, Pazart L, Trojak B, Bennabi D, Vandel P, Haffen E, Gabriel D. Event-Related Potentials (ERP) Indices of Motivation during the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E283. [PMID: 32397250 PMCID: PMC7287692 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic and temporal facets of the various constructs that comprise motivation remain to be explored. Here, we adapted the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task, a well-known laboratory task used to evaluate motivation, to study the event-related potentials associated with reward processing. The Stimulus Preceding Negativity (SPN) and the P300 were utilized as motivation indicators with high density electroencephalography. The SPN was found to be more negative for difficult choices compared to easy choices, suggesting a greater level of motivation, at a neurophysiological level. The insula, a structure previously associated with both effort discounting and prediction error, was concomitantly activated during the generation of the SPN. Processing a gain significantly altered the amplitude of the P300 compared to an absence of gain, particularly on centroparietal electrodes. One of the generators of the P300 was located on the vmPFC, a cerebral structure involved in the choice between two positive results and their predictions, during loss processing. Both the SPN and the P300 appear to be reliable neural markers of motivation. We postulate that the SPN represents the strength of the motivational level, while the P300 represents the impact of motivation on updating memories of the feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Giustiniani
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Magali Nicolier
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
- Neuroimaging and neurostimulation department Neuraxess, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Juliana Teti Mayer
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Thibault Chabin
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Caroline Masse
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Nathan Galmès
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Lionel Pazart
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Trojak
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, 21079 Dijon, France;
- EA 4452, LPPM, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- FondaMental Foundation, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Pierre Vandel
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (M.N.); (J.T.M.); (C.M.); (D.B.); (P.V.); (E.H.)
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
- FondaMental Foundation, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Damien Gabriel
- EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (T.C.); (N.G.); (L.P.); (D.G.)
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital of Besançon, Inserm CIC 1431, 25000 Besançon, France
- Neuroimaging and neurostimulation department Neuraxess, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
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Tricoche L, Ferrand-Verdejo J, Pélisson D, Meunier M. Peer Presence Effects on Eye Movements and Attentional Performance. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 13:280. [PMID: 31969810 PMCID: PMC6960111 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
"Social facilitation" refers to the enhancement or impairment of performance engendered by the mere presence of others. It has been demonstrated for a diversity of behaviors. This study assessed whether it also concerns attention and eye movements and if yes, which decision-making mechanisms it affects. Human volunteers were tested in three different tasks (saccades, visual search, and continuous performance) either alone or in the presence of a familiar peer. The results failed to reveal any significant peer influence on the visual search and continuous performance tasks. For saccades, by contrast, they showed a negative or positive peer influence depending on the complexity of the testing protocol. Pro-and anti-saccades were both inhibited when pseudorandomly mixed, and both facilitated when performed separately. Peer presence impaired or improved reaction times, i.e., the speed to initiate the saccade, as well as peak velocity, i.e., the driving force moving the eye toward the target. Effect sizes were large, with Cohen's d-values ranging for reaction times (RTs) from 0.50 to 0.95. Analyzing RT distributions using the LATER (Linear Approach to Threshold with Ergodic Rate) model revealed that social inhibition of pro- and anti-saccades in the complex protocol was associated with a significant increase in the rate of rise. The present demonstration that the simple presence of a familiar peer can inhibit or facilitate saccades depending on task difficulty strengthens a growing body of evidence showing social modulations of eye movements and attention processes. The present lack of effect on visual search and continuous performance tasks contrasts with peer presence effects reported earlier using similar tasks, and future studies are needed to determine whether it is due to an intermediate level of difficulty maximizing individual variability. Together with an earlier study of the social inhibition of anti-saccades also using the LATER model, which showed an increase of the threshold, the present increase of the rate of rise suggests that peer presence can influence both the top-down and bottom-up attention-related processes guiding the decision to move the eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Tricoche
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, University Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Johan Ferrand-Verdejo
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, University Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Denis Pélisson
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, University Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Martine Meunier
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, University Lyon, Bron, France
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Bartolomei J, Baeriswyl-Cottin R, Framorando D, Zanello A, Bacchetta JP, Herrmann F, Sentissi O. Personality Factors and Attachment Styles as Predictors of the Therapeutic Efficacy of a Short-Term Ambulatory Intervention for Depression. J Psychiatr Pract 2020; 26:3-16. [PMID: 31913965 DOI: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown a significant positive impact of intensive short-term ambulatory psychiatric interventions for depression. However, data on outcomes related to factors that are predictive of the efficacy of these interventions in terms of remission or response to treatment remain scarce. The goal of this naturalistic prospective study was to identify factors, including Big Five Inventory personality traits and attachment style, that are predictive of the efficacy of crisis interventions (CIns) in major depressive disorder. METHODS The study included 234 adult outpatients with major depressive disorder who completed all assessments in a study of a short-term intensive ambulatory CIn. In this study, we evaluated sociodemographic factors, and scores on the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, the Big Five Inventory personality assessment, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Adult Attachment Scale. RESULTS Mean scores on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale decreased significantly from 26.3 (SD=9.0) at admission to 10.6 (SD=8.1) at the end of the CIn (t=23.9; P<0.001); 99 patients (42%) experienced remission, 151 patients (65%) were considered treatment responders, and 98 patients (42%) both responded to treatment and experienced remission. Results of multivariate regression analysis showed that education level and family intervention were associated with response to treatment. Neuroticism traits were related to a lower rate of response to treatment. The dependency dimension attachment style had a positive impact on response to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Neuroticism traits can predict clinical outcomes after a short-term intensive psychiatric intervention for depression. Results of family interviews, education level, and Global Assessment of Functioning scores should also be taken into account in predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bartolomei
- BARTOLOMEI, ZANELLO, and BACCHETTA: Adult Psychiatric Division, Crisis Intervention Centre of Cappi Paquis, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; BAERISWYL-COTTIN and FRAMORANDO: Adult Psychiatric Division, Crisis Intervention Centre of Cappi Servette, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; HERRMANN: Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, and Hôpital des Trois-Chêne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; SENTISSI: Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
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Fournier A, Luminet O, Dambrun M, Dutheil F, Pellissier S, Mondillon L. Importance of considering interoceptive abilities in alexithymia assessment. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7615. [PMID: 31768300 PMCID: PMC6874858 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that people with high alexithymia scores have decreased interoceptive abilities, which can be associated with psychological and physical disorders. Early assessments of the alexithymia trait included the evaluation of these abilities through the dimension measuring the difficulty in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and bodily sensations (the 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale; TAS-26). The revised version of the TAS, the TAS-20, contains a three-factor solution that does not involve a dimension assessing interoceptive abilities. However, the three items allowing the evaluation of these abilities are still present in the TAS-20. In this context, we hypothesized that the 3 items which assess interoceptive abilities in the TAS-20 should constitute an independent factor. In addition to exploring the internal structure of the TAS-20, we examined its external validity by assessing the relationships between the new factors and self-reported measures of personality trait and psychological and physical health. Method Two online studies (N = 253 and N = 287) were performed. The participants completed the TAS-20 and a set of psychological questionnaires (e.g., anxiety, depression) and health questions (e.g., “Do you suffer from a somatic disorder?”). The structure of the TAS-20 was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), followed by an investigation of the relationships between the resulting new factors and other psychological and health data using regressions. In both studies, EFA revealed a new structure of the questionnaire consisting of four dimensions: (1) difficulty in the awareness of feelings, (2) externally oriented thinking, (3) difficulty in interoceptive abilities, and (4) poor affective sharing. The first factor was positively associated with all self-reported psychological and personality trait measures while the third factor was associated more with somatic disorders and medication intake. Results Our results suggest the presence of a new latent factor in the assessment of alexithymia that reflects interoceptive abilities specifically related to health and personality trait outcomes. In accordance with the results and the literature, it seems important to include an assessment of interoceptive abilities when considering the evaluation of alexithymia. The next step would be to develop a valid measure of these abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Fournier
- Laboratory Psy-DREPI, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Behaviors, Risk and Health, CNRS, MSHE Claude-Nicolas Ledoux, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Luminet
- Research Institute for Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.,Belgium Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Dambrun
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), CNRS UMR 6024, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), CNRS UMR 6024, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sonia Pellissier
- Laboratoire Inter-Universitaire de Psychologie, Personnalité, Cognition et Changement Social (LIP/PC2S), Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Laurie Mondillon
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), CNRS UMR 6024, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Behavioral and Electrophysiological Arguments in Favor of a Relationship between Impulsivity, Risk-Taking, and Success on the Iowa Gambling Task. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9100248. [PMID: 31554273 PMCID: PMC6826503 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trait impulsivity, risk-taking, and decision-making performance. We recruited 20 healthy participants who performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) to measure decision-making and risk-taking. The impulsivity was measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Resting-state neural activity was recorded to explore whether brain oscillatory rhythms provide important information about the dispositional trait of impulsivity. We found a significant correlation between the ability to develop a successful strategy and the propensity to take more risks in the first trials of the BART. Risk-taking was negatively correlated with cognitive impulsivity in participants who were unable to develop a successful strategy. Neither risk-taking nor decision-making was correlated with cortical asymmetry. In a more exploratory approach, the group was sub-divided in function of participants’ performances at the IGT. We found that the group who developed a successful strategy at the IGT was more prone to risk, whereas the group who failed showed a greater cognitive impulsivity. These results emphasize the need for individuals to explore their environment to develop a successful strategy in uncertain situations, which may not be possible without taking risks.
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Abstract
As researchers, we are advised to share our data to improve transparency and increase the reproducibility of experiments. Simultaneously, making data freely accessible can raise ethical questions regarding the participants’ privacy. We first outline the challenges regarding “open data” for researchers in light of the GDPR. Then, we turn to the impact of an open-access data sharing policy on the participants: could the participants’ knowledge about the future use of the data alter the data itself? Through two pre-registered studies (N = 193, collected on campus and N = 543, online participation), we investigate whether disclosing that anonymized data will be publicly shared vs. not shared influences a potential participants’ intention to take part in the study. Using both frequentist and Bayesian analysis, we conclude towards an absence of effect of a difference in data sharing policy on scores in the Big Five questionnaire and social desirability, careless response behavior, and results in the anchoring paradigm. In the second study, a lexicometric analysis of participants’ reactions to openly sharing data reveals a readiness to share data and support transparency under the condition of preserved anonymity. Hence, if anonymity can be ensured, there seems to be no methodological or ethical drawback in transparent and open data sharing policies for many psychological studies.
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Negru-Subtirica O, Pop EI, Crocetti E, Meeus W. Social comparison at school: Can GPA and personality mutually influence each other across time? J Pers 2019; 88:555-567. [PMID: 31483860 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Being a student is an important social role youth play during adolescence and how they approach this role has critical implications for their future development. This three-wave longitudinal study investigated the links between academic achievement (i.e., GPA) and personality traits, through the lens of social comparison mechanisms. METHOD Patterns of effects between students' GPA and personality traits were analyzed at group (i.e., comparing rank-order differences at group-level; group effects) and individual (i.e., scores are compared to a student's own mean; within-person effects) levels. A total of 1,151 adolescents (Mage = 16.45 years; 58.7% female) participated in the study. RESULTS Most effects we depicted were from GPA to personality traits. At the group-level, higher GPA fostered students' Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness, while Openness reinforced high levels of GPA. At the individual level, GPA was a protective factor against negative affect, as it drove longitudinal decreases in Neuroticism. CONCLUSIONS GPA had a stronger role in personality formation when it reflected students' standing in the school compared to their peers (i.e., group effects) and to a lesser extent when it reflected changes at personal level (i.e., within-person effects).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Negru-Subtirica
- Self and Identity Development Lab, Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eleonora Ioana Pop
- Self and Identity Development Lab, Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Wim Meeus
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Tible O, Mendez M, von Gunten A. Phenomenological contribution to understanding of vocally disruptive behaviour: A clinical case study in a patient with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1294-1300. [PMID: 30015360 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause great suffering in patients and their families. Phenomenology can help clarify the diagnosis and propose some new therapeutic responses using Daseinsanalyse. Separation issues understood using the phenomenological description of the melancholic type (MT) by Tellenbach may further shed light on our understanding of depression in dementia. SUBJECT AND METHODS In a 90-year-old woman presenting with advanced (Clinical Dementia Rating 3) mixed dementia and BPSD in the form of vocally disruptive behaviour (VDB), we discuss separation anxiety as the aetiopathogenic hypothesis. Depression and BPSD were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cornell scale, and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale to confirm our second phenomenological diagnostic hypothesis, ie, melancholy. The Big Five Inventory scale filled in by a proxy was also used to evaluate the patient's premorbid personality. We then propose an explanatory frame of VDB and depression through the standard phenomenological assessment of its relation to time, space, self, and other. RESULTS Confirming MT, we found an inhibited temperament and low openness to experience in the patient, as well as a symbiotic relationship with a close relative (the other). CONCLUSION Separation anxiety may well explain the patient's MT expressed by VDB. Melancholic type and her symbiotic relationship led to a situation unbearable to the patient and her close relative unable to delegate care to a specialized team. RUNNING HEAD Phenomenology in vocally disruptive behaviour in dementia. We have found new explanations in similar clinical cases in dementia as follows. A patient presenting with vocally disruptive behaviour has a melancholic type, a behavioural-inhibited temperament, and marital violence in the past. Phenomenology may help explain this profile with neurobiological disorders. The life trajectory, from childhood into older age, must be taken into account to understand behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Tible
- Département de Psychiatrie, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Âge Avancé (SUPAA), Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Montserrat Mendez
- Département de Psychiatrie, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Âge Avancé (SUPAA), Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Département de Psychiatrie, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Âge Avancé (SUPAA), Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
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Schlegel K, Fontaine JRJ, Scherer KR. The Nomological Network of Emotion Recognition Ability. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The ability to recognize other people’s emotions from their face, voice, and body (emotion recognition ability, ERA) is crucial to successful functioning in private and professional life. The Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT; Schlegel, Grandjean, & Scherer, 2014 ) is a new instrument to measure ERA in a more ecologically valid way than previous tests. In this article, we report the results of five studies examining the test’s construct validity with a total N of 1,284. We found that the GERT was highly positively correlated with other performance-based tests measuring ERA and emotional intelligence (EI), as well as with cognitive intelligence. GERT scores were also related to higher self-reported empathy, openness, and neuroticism, and to better social adjustment. Furthermore, higher GERT scores were related to lower anxiety, anger expressivity, and alexithymia. In line with previous findings, women scored higher than men and GERT performance declined with increasing age. Taken together, these results provide considerable evidence for the construct validity of the GERT and for ERA as an adaptive skill that likely facilitates better life outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schlegel
- Social Interaction Laboratory, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johnny R. J. Fontaine
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
- School of Human Resource Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Klaus R. Scherer
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Age differences in maximization. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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63
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Ribadier A, Varescon I. Anxiety and depression in alcohol use disorder individuals: the role of personality and coping strategies. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:1475-1484. [PMID: 30973041 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1586950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depression favor the maintenance and relapse of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Some five factor model personality dimensions (e.g. high neuroticism, low extraversion, and conscientiousness) and coping strategies (e.g. high avoidant and low problem-focused) are associated with AUD and with anxiety and/or depression in AUD individuals. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate personality and coping in an AUD population as potential predictors of anxiety and depression. Methods: Through a cross-sectional and multicenter study, 122 AUD people (74 men and 48 women) responded to a sociodemographic interview and three self-questionnaires assessing personality (BFI), coping strategies (brief COPE), and anxiety-depression symptomatology (HADS). Comparative and correlational analyses, as well as hierarchical regressions, were performed. Results: AUD women show higher neuroticism, use more emotion-focused coping and less problem-focused coping than AUD men. They also present higher anxiety. Neuroticism is associated with an ineffective use of coping strategies. Other dimensions, such as openness to experience, extraversion, and conscientiousness, show negative relationships with avoidant coping and positive links with problem-focused strategies. Neuroticism, avoidant coping and gender are predictive for anxiety. Both avoidant and problem-focused coping, but no personality dimension, are predictive for depression. Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of interventions involving specific coping strategies in AUD patients (whether or not anxiety and/or depression is present), both to reduce alcohol use and prevent relapse. Specific therapeutic support for women would be beneficial in the case of anxiety comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Ribadier
- a Universite Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé , Boulogne-Billancourt , France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- a Universite Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé , Boulogne-Billancourt , France
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64
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Loose T, Acier D, El-Baalbaki G. Drinking motives as mediators between personality traits and alcohol use among young French people. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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65
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Brunault P, Ducluzeau PH, Courtois R, Bourbao-Tournois C, Delbachian I, Réveillère C, Ballon N. Food Addiction is Associated with Higher Neuroticism, Lower Conscientiousness, Higher Impulsivity, but Lower Extraversion in Obese Patient Candidates for Bariatric Surgery. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:1919-1923. [PMID: 29452044 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1433212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "food addiction" phenotype identifies a subpopulation of individuals experiencing substance-dependence symptoms toward specific foods. In the current debate on whether the "food addiction" phenotype should be considered as an addictive disorder, assessment of the personality traits associated with this phenotype would provide arguments for or against the "food addiction" phenotype and its inclusion in the "substance-related and addictive disorder" category. OBJECTIVES To assess the personality characteristics associated with the "food addiction" phenotype in obesity surgery candidates (i.e., big five personality dimensions, alexithymia and impulsivity). METHODS We assessed food addiction (Yale Food Addiction Scale), personality dimensions (Big Fig Inventory), impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11th version) and alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 items) in 188 bariatric surgery candidates recruited between July 2013 and November 2015 in the Nutrition Department of the University Hospital of Tours. We used chi-squared tests and Student's tests or Mann-Whitney-U-tests to determine the factors associated with food addiction. RESULTS Prevalence of current food addiction was 16.5%. Patients with (vs. without) food addiction had lower conscientiousness (p = .047), higher neuroticism and lower extraversion (ps < 0.001), but there was no difference in terms of agreeableness (p = 0.42) or openness (p = 0.16). They were more frequently single (p = .021) and reported higher alexithymia (ps < .001) and higher impulsivity sub-scores (ps<.05). Conclusions/Importance: Food addiction shares personality traits with substance-related disorders (regarding neuroticism, conscientiousness, impulsivity, alexithymia), and one distinctive trait (low extraversion). This study provides additional data that enrich the discussion on whether the "food addiction" phenotype should be included or not in the "substance-related and addictive disorder" category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brunault
- a Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie & Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,b Département de Psychologie EA 2114 "Psychologie des Ages de la Vie" , Université de Tours , Tours , France.,c Centre Spécialisé pour la prise en charge de l'Obésité sévère , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,d INSERM U1253 iBrain Brain & Imaging , Université de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Pierre-Henri Ducluzeau
- c Centre Spécialisé pour la prise en charge de l'Obésité sévère , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,e Service de Médecine Interne-Nutrition , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,f INSERM UMR 1069 , Université de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Robert Courtois
- a Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie & Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,b Département de Psychologie EA 2114 "Psychologie des Ages de la Vie" , Université de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Céline Bourbao-Tournois
- c Centre Spécialisé pour la prise en charge de l'Obésité sévère , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,g Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Endocrinienne , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Irène Delbachian
- c Centre Spécialisé pour la prise en charge de l'Obésité sévère , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,d INSERM U1253 iBrain Brain & Imaging , Université de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Christian Réveillère
- b Département de Psychologie EA 2114 "Psychologie des Ages de la Vie" , Université de Tours , Tours , France
| | - Nicolas Ballon
- a Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie & Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,c Centre Spécialisé pour la prise en charge de l'Obésité sévère , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France.,d INSERM U1253 iBrain Brain & Imaging , Université de Tours , Tours , France
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Vieillard S, Pinabiaux C. Spontaneous response to and expressive regulation of mirth elicited by humorous cartoons in younger and older adults. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2018; 26:407-423. [PMID: 29580157 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2018.1453922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have examined the effect of aging on the ability to regulate negative emotions but less is known about the way the elderly people control their positive affects. Thirty-eight younger and 38 older adults were compared on their affective, expressive, physiological, and behavioral spontaneous responses to and in expressive regulation of mirth elicited by humorous cartoons. Compared to younger adults, older adults were equally amused and aroused but showed lower expressivity in their spontaneous reaction. They were similarly successful in implementing expressive regulation but they had lower physiological activation under amplification condition and more gaze avoidance from the key areas of the cartoons under suppression condition. This indicates that in older, amplification skills are disjointed from the physiological responses and suppression skills seem supplanted by a less costly strategy of attention redeployment. This also suggests that older adults' behavior is not driven by a greater preference for positive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Vieillard
- a Laboratoire CHArt-Upon, EA4004 , Université Paris Nanterre , Nanterre , France
| | - Charlotte Pinabiaux
- a Laboratoire CHArt-Upon, EA4004 , Université Paris Nanterre , Nanterre , France
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67
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Potard C, Lignier B, Henry A. Psychometric Properties of a French Version of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory in Young Adults. SWISS JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is widely used in social and personality psychology. The present study validates a French version of the NPI (NPI-Fr) for use with young adults. Respondents (N = 1275, Mage = 21.83, SD = 4.97) completed the NPI and two other convergent measures (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and French version of the Big Five Inventory) for three validation steps. Exploratory factor analyses yielded evidence for a structure with either two (Power/Authority, Exhibitionism/Self-Admiration) or four (Leadership/Authority, Grandiosity/Exhibitionism, Special Person, Exploitativeness/Entitlement) first-order factors for the NPI. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the 33-item four-factor model, with moderate model fit indices (χ2/df = 2.04, RMSEA = .058, CFI = .90, GFI = .85). We found significant positive correlations (r = .11 to .44) with self-esteem, Extraversion, and Openness, and a negative correlation with Neuroticism (r = –.09 to –.21). There was high internal consistency, with a reliability coefficient of α = .73 to .93, while test–retest reliability at 4 weeks was satisfactory. Our results confirm the psychometric quality of the questionnaire for French young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Potard
- Pays de la Loire Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Angers, France
| | - Baptiste Lignier
- Psychopathology and Medical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Audrey Henry
- Cognition, Health, and Socialization Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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68
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Lovik A, Nassiri V, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Sodermans AK. Psychometric properties and comparison of different techniques for factor analysis on the Big Five Inventory from a Flemish sample. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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69
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Individual differences in perceived social desirability of openness to experience: A new framework for social desirability responding in personality research. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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70
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Dambrun M. Self-centeredness and selflessness: happiness correlates and mediating psychological processes. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3306. [PMID: 28507820 PMCID: PMC5429736 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this research was to test central assumptions from the Self-centeredness/Selflessness Happiness Model. According to this model, while self-centered psychological functioning induces fluctuating happiness, authentic–durable happiness results from selflessness. Distinct mediating processes are supposed to account for these relationships: afflictive affects (e.g., anger, fear, jealousy, frustration) in the case of the former, and both emotional stability and feelings of harmony in the case of the latter. We tested these hypotheses in two studies based on heterogeneous samples of citizens (n = 547). Factor analyses revealed that self-centeredness (assessed through egocentrism and materialism) and selflessness (assessed through self-transcendence and connectedness to other) were two distinct psychological constructs. Second, while self-centeredness was positively and significantly related to fluctuating happiness, selflessness was positively and significantly related to authentic–durable happiness. Finally, distinct psychological processes mediated these relationships (study 2). On one hand, the relationship between self-centeredness and fluctuating happiness was fully mediated by afflictive affects. On the other hand, emotional stability and the feeling of being in harmony partially mediated the relation between selflessness and authentic–durable happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dambrun
- Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), LAPSCO CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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71
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Hendy NT. Forced-Choice Personality Measures and Academic Dishonesty: a Comparative Study. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC ETHICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10805-017-9280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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72
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Faur C, Martin JC, Clavel C. Measuring chronic regulatory focus with proverbs: The developmental and psychometric properties of a French scale. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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73
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What Do You Believe In? French Translation of the FAD-Plus to Assess Beliefs in Free Will and Determinism and Their Relationship with Religious Practices and Personality Traits. Psychol Belg 2017; 57:1-16. [PMID: 30479450 PMCID: PMC5808107 DOI: 10.5334/pb.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of (dis)belief in free will on prosocial behaviors and sense of control has attracted considerable interest over the last few years. The provision of relevant research tools to assess beliefs in free will and determinism for the community thus becomes a central endeavour. However, no relevant validated questionnaires are currently available to the French language community. Therefore, the present study was aimed at providing a valid French translation of the FAD-plus (Paulhus & Carey, 2011), a questionnaire built to assess people’s beliefs in Free will and Determinism. Exploratory factor analysis of the data obtained in Sample 1 revealed a four factor model. Confirmatory factor analyses on the basis of Sample 2 data were conducted to compare the theoretical model advanced by Paulhus and Carey’s versus the model obtained in Sample 1. With only but a few modifications as compared to the original questionnaire, the questionnaire that we here propose appears to constitute a reliable tool for the French language community. We also examined the relationship between beliefs in free will, determinism and religious practices. We found that the more people are engaged in religious practices, the more they believe in determinism and in the inevitability of their future.
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Tavani JL, Caroff X, Storme M, Collange J. Familiarity and liking for music: The moderating effect of creative potential and what predict the market value. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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75
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Abele AE, Hauke N, Peters K, Louvet E, Szymkow A, Duan Y. Facets of the Fundamental Content Dimensions: Agency with Competence and Assertiveness-Communion with Warmth and Morality. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1810. [PMID: 27920737 PMCID: PMC5118442 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Agency (A) and communion (C) are fundamental content dimensions. We propose a facet-model that differentiates A into assertiveness (AA) and competence (AC) and C into warmth (CW) and morality (CM). We tested the model in a cross-cultural study by comparing data from Asia, Australia, Europe, and the USA (overall N = 1.808). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported our model. Both the two-factor model and the four-factor model showed good fit indices across countries. Participants answered additional measures intended to demonstrate the fruitfulness of distinguishing the facets. The findings support the model's construct validity by positioning the fundamental dimensions and their facets within a network of self-construal, values, impression management, and the Big Five personality factors: In all countries, A was related to independent self-construal and to agentic values, C was related to interdependent self-construal and to communal values. Regarding the facets, AA was always related to A values, but the association of AC with A values fell below our effect size criterion in four of the five countries. A (both AA and AC) was related to agentic impression management. However, C (both CW and CM) was neither related to communal nor to agentic impression management. Regarding the Big Five personality factors, A was related to emotional stability, to extraversion, and to conscientiousness. C was related to agreeableness and to extraversion. AA was more strongly related to emotional stability and extraversion than AC. CW was more strongly related to extraversion and agreeableness than CM. We could also show that self-esteem was more related to AA than AC; and that it was related to CM, but not to CW. Our research shows that (a) the fundamental dimensions of A and C are stable across cultures; and (b) that the here proposed distinction of facets of A and C is fruitful in analyzing self-perception. The here proposed measure, the AC-IN, may be a useful tool in this research area. Applications of the facet model in social perception research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E. Abele
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Hauke
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Kim Peters
- School of Psychology, University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eva Louvet
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions, University of StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Aleksandra Szymkow
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot CampusWarsaw, Poland
| | - Yanping Duan
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong, China
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76
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Adaptation et validation d’une version brève en langue française du questionnaire d’impulsivité de Barratt (BIS-15). EUROPEAN REVIEW OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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77
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Villaron C, Marqueste T, Eisinger F, Cappiello MA, Therme P, Cury F. Links between personality, time perspective, and intention to practice physical activity during cancer treatment: an exploratory study. Psychooncology 2016; 26:531-536. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Villaron
- Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Marseille France
| | | | - François Eisinger
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Marseille France
| | | | | | - François Cury
- Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Toulon University; France
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78
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Dorard G, Khorramian-Pour M. [Binge eating disorder: Links with personality and emotionality]. Encephale 2016; 43:114-119. [PMID: 27374156 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our two objectives were: (1) to investigate the relationship between binge eating disorder, dimensions of personality (according to the Big Five model of Costa and McCrae) and those of emotionality in the "tripartite" model of emotions of Watson and Clark; (2) to evaluate the correspondence between the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2) scores. METHOD Four self-administered questionnaires were completed on a shared doc website: the EDI-2, the BES, the BFI-Fr (Big Five Inventory-French version) and the EPN-31 (Positive and Negative Emotionality Scale). The analyses were conducted in a sample of 101 participants (36 men and 65 women), aged 20-59 years (mean age=35.28±9.76) from the general population. RESULTS We found that 11% of the participants had moderate to severe binge eating disorder. Among them, nearly 4% were overweight and 4% were obese. The correlations analyses indicated that binge eating disorder was associated with two dimensions of personality, the neuroticism (P=0.001) and the consciousness (P=0.010), and with the emotions of joy (P=0.008), tenderness (P=0.036), fear (P=0.011), shame (P<0.001) and sadness (P=0.009). From a comparative perspective, participants with binge eating disorder get higher scores on EDI-2 subscales: search for thinness (P=0.001), bulimia (P<0.001), dissatisfaction with the body (P<0.001) and interceptive awareness (P<0.001). CONCLUSION These results suggest that binge eating disorder is associated with negative affectivity both as a personality dimension and as an emotional feeling. The patterns of associations, observed with the EDI scale, seem to confirm the good convergent validity of the Binge Eating Scale. Thus, like other eating disorders, emotional functioning should be a prime target for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dorard
- Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, EA 4057, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - M Khorramian-Pour
- Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, EA 4057, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Storme M, Tavani JL, Myszkowski N. Psychometric Properties of the French Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) in a French-speaking sample (1,554 participants, 59.3% of women). Our results showed that the French version of the TIPI has acceptable psychometric properties with satisfactory levels of temporal stability (after three and six weeks), satisfactory convergent and divergent construct validity in relationship with the Big Five Inventory (BFI), emotional intelligence, and self-esteem. As in the other translations of the TIPI, the limitation of our adaptation is the low level of internal consistency, especially concerning agreeableness, as in the Spanish version. The French TIPI is a promising scale that should be used preferably for exploratory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Storme
- Laboratoire Adaptation Travail-Individu, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Tavani
- Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale – GRPPS, Université Paris 8 Vincennes, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Nils Myszkowski
- Department of Psychology, Pace University, New York, NY, USA
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Attempt to validate the Self-Construal Scale in French: Systematic approach and model limitation. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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81
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Villieux A, Sovet L, Jung SC, Guilbert L. Psychological flourishing: Validation of the French version of the Flourishing Scale and exploration of its relationships with personality traits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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82
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Abstract
This longitudinal prospective and multi-informant study based on a three-wave research program (pregnancy, 12 months' postpartum, and 16 months' postpartum) aimed to determine the process of construction of family alliance, as assessed by the Lausanne Trilogue Play (Fivaz-Depeursinge & Corboz-Warnery, 1999). A model using parents' individual characteristics (i.e., personality traits and attachment orientations) as distal variables, coparenting as a mediator, child's temperament as a moderator, and family alliance as outcome was tested using structural equation modeling on 62 nonreferred families. Results showed that both parents' conscientiousness was positively and mothers' avoidant attachment and fathers' anxious attachment were negatively and indirectly (via coparenting) associated with the family alliance. The discussion underlines mothers' and fathers' different roles and the importance of coparenting as a core mechanism in the development of family alliance.
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83
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Why do liver transplant patients so often become obese? The addiction transfer hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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84
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Myszkowski N, Storme M, Davila A, Lubart T. Managerial creative problem solving and the Big Five personality traits. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/jmd-12-2013-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide new elements to understand, measure and predict managerial creativity. More specifically, based on new approaches to creative potential (Lubart et al., 2011), this study proposes to distinguish two aspects of managerial creative problem solving: divergent-exploratory thinking, in which managers try to generate several new solutions to a problem; and convergent-integrative thinking, in which managers select and elaborate one creative solution.
Design/methodology/approach
– In this study, personality is examined as a predictor of managerial creative problem solving: On one hand, based on previous research on general divergent thinking (e.g. Ma, 2009), it is hypothesized that managerial divergent thinking is predicted by high openness to experience and low agreeableness. On the other hand, because efficient people management involves generating satisfying and trustful social interactions, it is hypothesized that convergent-integrative thinking ability is predicted by high agreeableness. In all, 137 adult participants completed two divergent-exploratory thinking managerial tasks and two convergent-integrative thinking managerial task and the Big Five Inventory (John and Srivastava, 1999).
Findings
– As expected, divergent-exploratory thinking was predicted by openness to experience (r=0.21; p<0.05) and agreeableness (r=−0.22; p<0.05) and the convergent-integrative thinking part of managerial creative problem solving was predicted by agreeableness (r=0.28; p<0.001).
Originality/value
– Contrary to most research on managerial creativity (e.g. Scratchley and Hakstian, 2001), the study focuses (and provides measure guidelines) on both divergent and convergent thinking dimensions of creative potential. This study replicates and extends previous results regarding the link between personality (especially agreeableness) and managerial creativity.
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85
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Chiorri C, Marsh HW, Ubbiali A, Donati D. Testing the Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Gender of the Big Five Inventory Through Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling. J Pers Assess 2015; 98:88-99. [DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2015.1035381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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86
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87
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Déterminants de la procrastination académique : motivation autodéterminée, estime de soi et degré de maximation. PRAT PSYCHOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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88
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Guédon D, Bernaud JL. Le workaholisme dans une université française : une perspective transactionnelle. PRAT PSYCHOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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89
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Vieillard S, Harm J, Bigand E. Expressive suppression and enhancement during music-elicited emotions in younger and older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:11. [PMID: 25741278 PMCID: PMC4332363 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
When presented with emotional visual scenes, older adults have been found to be equally capable to regulate emotion expression as younger adults, corroborating the view that emotion regulation skills are maintained or even improved in later adulthood. However, the possibility that gaze direction might help achieve an emotion control goal has not been taken into account, raising the question whether the effortful processing of expressive regulation is really spared from the general age-related decline. Since it does not allow perceptual attention to be redirected away from the emotional source, music provides a useful way to address this question. In the present study, affective, behavioral, and physiological consequences of free expression of emotion, expressive suppression and expressive enhancement were measured in 31 younger and 30 older adults while they listened to positive and negative musical excerpts. The main results indicated that compared to younger adults, older adults reported experiencing less emotional intensity in response to negative music during the free expression of emotion condition. No age difference was found in the ability to amplify or reduce emotional expressions. However, an age-related decline in the ability to reduce the intensity of emotional state and an age-related increase in physiological reactivity were found when participants were instructed to suppress negative expression. Taken together, the current data support previous findings suggesting an age-related change in response to music. They also corroborate the observation that older adults are as efficient as younger adults at controlling behavioral expression. But most importantly, they suggest that when faced with auditory sources of negative emotion, older age does not always confer a better ability to regulate emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Vieillard
- Laboratory of Psychology, Psychology, Université de Franche-Comté Besançon, France
| | - Jonathan Harm
- Laboratory of Psychology, Psychology, Université de Franche-Comté Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bigand
- Psychology, LEAD-CNRS, Psychology, Université de Bourgogne Dijon, France
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90
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Faniko K, Grin F, Ghisletta P. Assessing Multicultural Effectiveness Among Young Swiss People. SWISS JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present paper examines the reliability and validity of the French-language version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) among young participants (N = 7,180) in French-speaking Switzerland. Consistent with previous research ( Van der Zee & Van Oudenhoven, 2000 , 2001 ; Van der Zee, Zaal, & Piekstra, 2003 ), exploratory analysis in one subsample confirmed the presence of the five factors underpinning the MPQ: Open-Mindedness, Cultural Empathy, Emotional Stability, Social Initiative, and Flexibility. Confirmatory factor analyses in a second subsample and in the total sample further confirmed the same five-factor structure. This model was modified to include correlated residuals between items with high semantic proximity. This final model obtained a satisfactory fit to the overall data. We conclude that the French version of the 37-item MPQ scale can be used to examine the attitudes associated with multicultural effectiveness in French-speaking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klea Faniko
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Translation and Interpreting, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Grin
- Faculty of Translation and Interpreting, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Ghisletta
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Distance Learning University of Switzerland
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91
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Courtois R, Plaisant O, Duijsens IJ, Enfoux A, Coutard N, Réveillère C, Camus V, El-Hage W. Exploratory Study toward Development of the French Version of the Questionnaire on Personality Traits (QPT/VKP–4) in an Elderly Population in Comparison to Young Adults. Psychol Rep 2014; 115:115-32. [DOI: 10.2466/08.09.pr0.115c12z6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This research is an exploratory study toward development of the French version of the Questionnaire on Personality Traits (QPT/VKP–4). The goal was to assess its association with the Big Five Inventory (BIG–5) and to explore the personality characteristics of the elderly compared to young adults. The 241 participants included 83 elderly people and 158 young adults. Borderline and anxious personality disorders were less frequent in elderly women than in young women, and depressive personality disorder was less frequent in elderly men. Dimension scores were higher for Conscientiousness in the elderly, Agreeableness in elderly women, and Extraversion in elderly men. Statistically significant correlations were found between personality dimension scores using the VKP–4 and the BIG–5.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Courtois
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - O. Plaisant
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
- GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, France
| | - I. J. Duijsens
- Department of Clinical Health and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
- Datec, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - A. Enfoux
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - N. Coutard
- EHPAD ORPEA, Les Jardins de Saintes, France
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92
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Duron E, Vidal JS, Bounatiro S, Ben Ahmed S, Seux ML, Rigaud AS, Hanon O, Viollet C, Epelbaum J, Martel G. Relationships between Personality Traits, Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy, and White Matter Lesion in Subjects Suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:195. [PMID: 25120483 PMCID: PMC4114211 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous cognitive status that can be a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is particularly relevant to focus on prodromal stages of AD such as MCI, because patho-physiological abnormalities of AD start years before the dementia stage. Medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy resulting from AD lesions and cerebrovascular lesions [i.e., white matter lesions (WML), lacunar strokes, and strokes] are often revealed concurrently on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in MCI subjects. Personality changes have been reported to be associated with MCI status and early AD. More specifically, an increase in neuroticism and a decrease in conscientiousness have been reported, suggesting that higher and lower scores, respectively, in neuroticism and conscientiousness are associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. However, personality changes have not been studied concomitantly with pathological structural brain alterations detected on MRI in patients suffering from MCI. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between MTL atrophy, WML, lacunar strokes, and personality traits in such patients. The severity of WML was strongly associated with lower levels of conscientiousness and higher levels of neuroticism. Conversely, no association was detected between personality traits and the presence of lacunar strokes or MTL atrophy. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that personality changes occurring in a MCI population, at high risk of AD, are associated with WML, which can induce executive dysfunctions, rather than with MTL atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Duron
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe d'Accueil 4468 , Paris , France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Vidal
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe d'Accueil 4468 , Paris , France
| | - Samira Bounatiro
- UMRS 894 INSERM, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Sana Ben Ahmed
- UMRS 894 INSERM, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Marie-Laure Seux
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe d'Accueil 4468 , Paris , France
| | - Anne-Sophie Rigaud
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe d'Accueil 4468 , Paris , France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Equipe d'Accueil 4468 , Paris , France
| | - Cécile Viollet
- UMRS 894 INSERM, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMRS 894 INSERM, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Guillaume Martel
- UMRS 894 INSERM, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
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93
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Canada B, Stephan Y, Caudroit J, Jaconelli A. Personality and subjective age among older adults: the mediating role of age-group identification. Aging Ment Health 2014; 17:1037-43. [PMID: 23767835 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2013.807420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A small body of research has highlighted the role of the five-factor model personality traits in subjective age. However, no study has yet focused on the mechanisms through which personality could be related to subjective age among older adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediating role of age-group identification in relation between personality traits and subjective age. It was hypothesized that both extraversion and openness to experience are positively related to a younger subjective age through the mediation of their negative relationship with age-group identification. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted with 501 older individuals aged from 60 to 95 years who completed measures of sociodemographic variables, self-rated health, personality, subjective age, and age-group identification. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis revealed that openness to experience was positively related to subjective age through the complete mediation of age-group identification, whereas no support was found for the relationship between extraversion and subjective age. CONCLUSION This study fills a gap in the existing literature and reveals that openness to experience is related to a youthful subjective age, because older open individuals tend to distance themselves from their age group. Therefore, this study confirms that personality deserves attention as a predictor of subjective age, independently of sociodemographic and health-related variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Canada
- a Department of Sport Sciences , University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble , France
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94
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Canada B, Stephan Y, Jaconelli A, Duberstein PR. The Moderating Effect of Chronological Age on the Relation Between Neuroticism and Physical Functioning: Cross-Sectional Evidence From Two French Samples. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2014; 71:35-40. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbu083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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95
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Caruana S, Lefeuvre R, Mollaret P. Looking for performance in personality inventories: The primacy of evaluative information over descriptive traits. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Caruana
- Cognition, Health & Socialization Laboratory (C2S); University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Reims France
- CDE Consultants; Reims France
| | - Régis Lefeuvre
- Cognition, Health & Socialization Laboratory (C2S); University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Reims France
| | - Patrick Mollaret
- Cognition, Health & Socialization Laboratory (C2S); University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Reims France
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96
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Potard C, Kubiszewski V, Gimenes G, Courtois R. Validation of the French version of the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire among adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2014; 215:471-6. [PMID: 24332633 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Teenage suicide is a major public health issue in Western societies, especially in France. An instrument to measure suicidal thoughts in French adolescents and thus identify the teenagers at risk is urgently required. The aim of this study was to validate a French version of the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ) for use with teenagers. Respondents (n=956, age range 14-18.0) completed the SIQ and other convergent measures (self-esteem, psychic morbidity, anxiety, and personality) for three validation steps (general and clinical samples). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the SIQ. The study supported a 30-item one-factor model, similar to the original questionnaire, with moderate model fit indices (χ(2)/ddl=3.21; RMSEA=0.05; CFI=0.87; GFI=0.92). Significant correlations (-0.22 to 0.74) were found with convergent measures among general (n=871) and psychiatric samples (n=38). A high internal consistency was found with a reliability coefficient of 0.91. The results confirm the psychometric qualities of the questionnaire for French adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Potard
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 6291, 57 rue Pierre Tailtinger, 51096 Reims, Cedex, France.
| | | | - Guillaume Gimenes
- University of François Rabelais, Department of Psychology, EA 2114 Tours, France
| | - Robert Courtois
- University of François Rabelais, Department of Psychology, EA 2114 Tours, France; Psychiatric University Clinic, University Hospital of Tours (CHRU), Tours, France
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97
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Demulier V, Stephan Y, Fouquereau E, Chevalier S, Le Scanff C. Planification de l’âge du départ à la retraite professionnelle : contribution de l’ouverture aux expériences. PSYCHOLOGIE DU TRAVAIL ET DES ORGANISATIONS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1420-2530(16)30041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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98
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Stephan Y, Boiché J, Canada B, Terracciano A. Association of personality with physical, social, and mental activities across the lifespan: Findings from US and French samples. Br J Psychol 2013; 105:564-80. [PMID: 24182200 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite evidence for its health-related benefits, little is known on the psychological predictors of the participation in leisure activities across the lifespan. Therefore, this study aimed to identify whether personality is associated with a variety of different types of activities, involving physical, cognitive, and social components. The samples included individuals from the second wave of the National Study of Midlife in the United States (N = 3,396) and community-dwelling French individuals (N = 2,917) aged between 30 and 84. Both samples completed measures of the five-factor model of personality. To create an activity index, we combined the physical, social, and cognitive (games and developmental) activities performed at least once a month. In both samples, individuals who scored higher on extraversion and openness were more likely to engage in a variety of activity types. The findings were consistent across two samples from different western societies and suggest that extraversion and openness contribute to social, cognitive, and physical functioning across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Stephan
- EA 4556 Epsylon, Department of Sport Sciences, Psychology and Medicine, University of Montpellier and St-Etienne, Montpellier, France
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99
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Balon S, Lecoq J, Rimé B. Passion and personality: Is passionate behaviour a function of personality ? EUROPEAN REVIEW OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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100
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Romo L, Coëffec A, Guilmin-Crepon S. Évaluation de la personnalité, de la motivation au changement et des facteurs familiaux présents chez des jeunes suivis pour obésité. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2012.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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