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Vi C, Mandarano G, Shigdar S. Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Targeting HER2 Breast Cancer: A Novel Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6163. [PMID: 34200484 PMCID: PMC8201268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in women globally and is the primary cause of cancer mortality in females. BC is highly heterogeneous with various phenotypic expressions. The overexpression of HER2 is responsible for 15-30% of all invasive BC and is strongly associated with malignant behaviours, poor prognosis and decline in overall survival. Molecular imaging offers advantages over conventional imaging modalities, as it provides more sensitive and specific detection of tumours, as these techniques measure the biological and physiological processes at the cellular level to visualise the disease. Early detection and diagnosis of BC is crucial to improving clinical outcomes and prognosis. While HER2-specific antibodies and nanobodies may improve the sensitivity and specificity of molecular imaging, the radioisotope conjugation process may interfere with and may compromise their binding functionalities. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides capable of targeting biomarkers with remarkable binding specificity and affinity. Aptamers can be functionalised with radioisotopes without compromising target specificity. The attachment of different radioisotopes can determine the aptamer's functionality in the treatment of HER2(+) BC. Several HER2 aptamers and investigations of them have been described and evaluated in this paper. We also provide recommendations for future studies with HER2 aptamers to target HER2(+) BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Vi
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (C.V.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Mandarano
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (C.V.); (G.M.)
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (C.V.); (G.M.)
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluation of [68Ga]NODAGA-duramycin as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer of cell death for whole-body detection of chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity. PROCEDURES Tracer specificity of Ga-68 labeled NODAGA-duramycin was determined in vitro using competitive binding experiments. Organ uptake was analyzed in untreated and doxorubicin, busulfan, and cisplatin-treated mice 2 h after intravenous injection of [68Ga]NODAGA-duramycin. In vivo data were validated by immunohistology and blood parameters. RESULTS In vitro experiments confirmed specific binding of [68Ga]NODAGA-duramycin. Organ toxicities were detected successfully using [68Ga]NODAGA-duramycin PET/X-ray computed tomography (CT) and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and blood parameter analysis. Organ toxicities in livers and kidneys showed similar trends in PET/CT and immunohistology. Busulfan and cisplatin-related organ toxicities in heart, liver, and lungs were detected earlier by PET/CT than by blood parameters and immunohistology. CONCLUSION [68Ga]NODAGA-duramycin PET/CT was successfully applied to non-invasively detect chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity with high sensitivity in mice. It, therefore, represents a promising alternative to standard toxicological analyses with a high translational potential.
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Lee JY, Choi PS, Yang SD, Park JH. TiO 2 Decorated Low-Molecular Chitosan a Microsized Adsorbent for a 68Ge/ 68Ga Generator System. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113185. [PMID: 34073450 PMCID: PMC8198501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report column material for a 68Ge/68Ga generator with acid resistance and excellent adsorption and desorption capacity of 68Ge and 68Ga, respectively. Despite being a core element of the 68Ge/68Ga generator system, research on this has been insufficient. Therefore, we synthesized a low molecular chitosan-based TiO2 (LC-TiO2) adsorbent via a physical trapping method as a durable 68Ge/68Ga generator column material. The adsorption/desorption studies exhibited a higher separation factor of 68Ge/68Ga in the concentration range of HCl examined (0.01 M to 1.0 M). The prepared LC-TiO2 adsorbent showed acid resistance capabilities with >93% of 68Ga elution yield and 1.6 × 10-4% of 68Ge breakthrough. In particular, the labeling efficiency of DOTA and NOTA, by using the generator eluted 68Ga, was quite encouraging and confirmed to be 99.65 and 99.69%, respectively. Accordingly, the resulting behavior of LC-TiO2 towards 68Ge/68Ga adsorption/desorption capacity and stability with aqueous HCl exhibited a high potential for ion-exchange solid-phase extraction for the 68Ge/68Ga generator column material.
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Sahnoun S, Conen P, Mottaghy FM. The battle on time, money and precision: Da[ 18F] id vs. [ 68Ga]liath. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 47:2944-2946. [PMID: 32715336 PMCID: PMC7680323 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-04961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabri Sahnoun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 31, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patrick Conen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 31, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix M Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 31, 52074, Aachen, Germany. .,Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P. Debeylaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, Netherlands.
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Dénes N, Kis A, Szabó JP, Jószai I, Hajdu I, Arató V, Enyedi KN, Mező G, Hunyadi J, Trencsényi G, Kertész I. In vivo preclinical assessment of novel 68Ga-labelled peptides for imaging of tumor associated angiogenesis using positron emission tomography imaging. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 174:109778. [PMID: 34004593 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Formation and growth of metastases require a new vascular network. Angiogenesis plays an essential role in the expansion and progression of most malignancies. A high number of molecular pathways regulate angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), αvβ3 integrin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), or aminopeptidase N. The aim of this study is to involve new, easily accessible peptide sequences into the of neo-angiogenesis in malignant processes. Labelling of these peptide ligands with 68Ga enable PET imaging of neo-vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Dénes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Kis
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Jószai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Hajdu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Arató
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kata Nóra Enyedi
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mező
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Hunyadi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Floresta G, Keeling GP, Memdouh S, Meszaros LK, de Rosales RTM, Abbate V. NHS-Functionalized THP Derivative for Efficient Synthesis of Kit-Based Precursors for 68Ga Labeled PET Probes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:367. [PMID: 33915871 PMCID: PMC8066796 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexadentate tris(3,4-hydroxypyridinone) ligands (THP) complex Fe3+ at very low iron concentrations and their high affinities for oxophilic trivalent metal ions have led to their development for new applications as bifunctional chelators for the radiometal gallium-68 (68Ga). THP-peptide bioconjugates rapidly and quantitatively complex 68Ga at room temperature, neutral pH, and micromolar ligand concentrations, making them amenable to kit-based radiosynthesis of 68Ga PET radiopharmaceuticals. With the aim to produce an N-hydroxysuccinimide-(NHS)-THP reagent for kit-based 68Ga-labeling and PET imaging, THP-derivatives were designed and synthesized to exploit the advantages of NHS chemistry for coupling with peptides, proteins, and antibodies. The more stable five-carbon atoms linker product was selected for a proof-of-concept conjugation and radiolabeling study with an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) camelid single domain antibody (sdAb) under mild conditions and further evaluated for site-specific amide bond formation with a synthesized glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) targeting peptide using solid-phase synthesis. The obtained THP-GLP-1 conjugate was tested for its 68Ga chelating ability, demonstrating to be a promising candidate for the detection and monitoring of GLP-1 aberrant malignancies. The obtained sdAb-THP conjugate was radiolabeled with 68Ga under mild conditions, providing sufficient labeling yields after 5 min, demonstrating that the novel NHS-THP bifunctional chelator can be widely used to easily conjugate the THP moiety to different targeting molecules (e.g., antibodies, anticalins, or peptides) under mild conditions, paving the way to the synthesis of different imaging probes with all the advantages of THP radiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (G.F.); (S.M.)
| | - George P. Keeling
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK; (G.P.K.); (L.K.M.); (R.T.M.d.R.)
| | - Siham Memdouh
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (G.F.); (S.M.)
| | - Levente K. Meszaros
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK; (G.P.K.); (L.K.M.); (R.T.M.d.R.)
- NanoMab Technology (UK) Ltd., 720 Centennial Court, Centennial Park, Elstree, Hertfordshire WD6 3SY, UK
| | - Rafael T. M. de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK; (G.P.K.); (L.K.M.); (R.T.M.d.R.)
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (G.F.); (S.M.)
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Prado VS, Leitao RCF, Silva F, Gano L, Santos IC, Marques FLN, Paulo A, Deflon VM. Gallium and indium complexes with new hexadentate bis(semicarbazone) and bis(thiosemicarbazone) chelators. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1631-1640. [PMID: 33480908 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two new hexadentate potentially tetra-anionic acyclic chelators, an N2O4-donor bis(semicarbazone) (H4bsc) and an N2O2S2-donor bis(thiosemicarbazone) (H4btsc), is described. Coordination reactions of the ligands with gallium and indium precursors were investigated and yielded the complexes [Ga(Hbsc)] (1) and [In(Hbtsc)] (2), respectively. Ligands and complexes structures were confirmed by several techniques, including FTIR, NMR (1H, 13C, COSY, HSQC), ESI(+)-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The radioactive congeners [67Ga(Hbsc)] (1*) and [111In(Hbtsc)] (2*) were also synthesized and their radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity were certified by HPLC and ITLC analyses. Biodistribution assays in groups of CD-1 mice showed a high uptake of both radiocomplexes in liver and intestine where 1* presented higher retention. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed higher stability of 1* compared with 2*, namely in the blood. The results suggest that radiocomplex 1* is a candidate for further investigation as it could be prepared in high yields (>95%), at low temperature (20-25 °C) and at fast reaction time (15 min), which are very desirable synthesis conditions for potential new radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana S Prado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Renan C F Leitao
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Fabio L N Marques
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear (LIM-43), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-911 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Victor M Deflon
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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58
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Krasnovskaya O, Spector D, Zlobin A, Pavlov K, Gorelkin P, Erofeev A, Beloglazkina E, Majouga A. Metals in Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9190. [PMID: 33276505 PMCID: PMC7730413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the deposition of amyloid plaques in the brain parenchyma, which occurs 7-15 years before the onset of cognitive symptoms of the pathology. Timely diagnostics of amyloid formations allows identifying AD at an early stage and initiating inhibitor therapy, delaying the progression of the disease. However, clinically used radiopharmaceuticals based on 11C and 18F are synchrotron-dependent and short-lived. The design of new metal-containing radiopharmaceuticals for AD visualization is of interest. The development of coordination compounds capable of effectively crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) requires careful selection of a ligand moiety, a metal chelating scaffold, and a metal cation, defining the method of supposed Aβ visualization. In this review, we have summarized metal-containing drugs for positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of Alzheimer's disease. The obtained data allow assessing the structure-ability to cross the BBB ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Krasnovskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil Spector
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Zlobin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Kirill Pavlov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Peter Gorelkin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Erofeev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Beloglazkina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexander Majouga
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (K.P.); (P.G.); (A.E.); (E.B.); (A.M.)
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 101000 Moscow, Russia
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Ploshchad’ 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
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Verhaar ER, Woodham AW, Ploegh HL. Nanobodies in cancer. Semin Immunol 2020; 52:101425. [PMID: 33272897 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For treatment and diagnosis of cancer, antibodies have proven their value and now serve as a first line of therapy for certain cancers. A unique class of antibody fragments called nanobodies, derived from camelid heavy chain-only antibodies, are gaining increasing acceptance as diagnostic tools and are considered also as building blocks for chimeric antigen receptors as well as for targeted drug delivery. The small size of nanobodies (∼15 kDa), their stability, ease of manufacture and modification for diverse formats, short circulatory half-life, and high tissue penetration, coupled with excellent specificity and affinity, account for their attractiveness. Here we review applications of nanobodies in the sphere of tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha R Verhaar
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Andrew W Woodham
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Lindner S, Wängler C, Bailey JJ, Jurkschat K, Bartenstein P, Wängler B, Schirrmacher R. Radiosynthesis of [18F]SiFAlin-TATE for clinical neuroendocrine tumor positron emission tomography. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3827-3843. [DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Caribé PRRV, Vandenberghe S, Diogo A, Pérez-Benito D, Efthimiou N, Thyssen C, D'Asseler Y, Koole M. Monte Carlo Simulations of the GE Signa PET/MR for Different Radioisotopes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:525575. [PMID: 33041852 PMCID: PMC7522581 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.525575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
NEMA characterization of PET systems is generally based on 18F because it is the most relevant radioisotope for the clinical use of PET. 18F has a half-life of 109.7 min and decays into stable 18O via β+ emission with a probability of over 96% and a maximum positron energy of 0.633 MeV. Other commercially available PET radioisotopes, such as 82Rb and 68Ga have more complex decay schemes with a variety of prompt gammas, which can directly fall into the energy window and induce false coincidence detections by the PET scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R R V Caribé
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing - MEDISIP, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Vandenberghe
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing - MEDISIP, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - André Diogo
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon (FCUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Pérez-Benito
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Efthimiou
- Department of Physics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Thyssen
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing - MEDISIP, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yves D'Asseler
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Lindner S, Simmet M, Gildehaus FJ, Jurkschat K, Wängler C, Wängler B, Bartenstein P, Schirrmacher R, Ilhan H. Automated production of [ 18F]SiTATE on a Scintomics GRP™ platform for PET/CT imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 88-89:86-95. [PMID: 32828007 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION [18F]SiTATE (formerly known as [18F]SiFAlin-TATE) was recently introduced as a highly promising imaging agent for the diagnosis of well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). A high tumor uptake and excellent image quality, the straightforward labeling approach, as well as the economic and logistic advantages of 18F- over 68Ga-labeled compounds predestinate [18F]SiTATE to become a potential new clinical reference standard. A novel state-of-the-art methodology of automated radiopharmaceutical production is required to establish [18F]SiTATE in clinical routine. This work illustrates the development of a novel synthesis procedure of [18F]SiTATE on an automated synthesis unit (ASU) and the clinical applicability of the tracer in human NET imaging. METHODS A new synthesis protocol was generated for the production of [18F]SiTATE on the Scintomics GRP™ platform for clinical NET imaging. The synthesis was carried out according to common Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines including all quality control measurements. To confirm utility, clinical batches (n = 3) were produced and applied to six patients diagnosed with NET. RESULTS [18F]SiTATE was obtained in 54 ± 4% (n = 3) non-decay corrected radiochemical yield (RCY), with a radiochemical purity of 96.3 ± 0.1% and a molar activity (Am) of 472 ± 45 GBq/μmol (n = 3). Quality control measurements always met the local release criteria. All specifications were taken or adapted from the Ph.Eur. regulations. PET/CT imaging with [18F]SiTATE produced on the GRP™ module confirmed the expected high image quality. The in vivo distribution pattern and excellent tumor to non-tumor contrast observed, matched the quality of the manually prepared [18F]SiTATE batches. CONCLUSIONS The automated manufacture of [18F]SiTATE was developed using the Scintomics GRP™ platform. The high quality of the radiotracer matched stringent quality control requirements adhering to common GMP guidelines, and its clinical applicability was confirmed by human PET/CT investigations. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE The automated process for the manufacture of [18F]SiTATE described herein represents an important contribution to make [18F]SiTATE routinely accessible for its use in clinical NET diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marcel Simmet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harun Ilhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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63
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Park SY, Na SJ, Kumar M, Mosci C, Wardak M, Koglin N, Bullich S, Mueller A, Berndt M, Stephens AW, Cho YM, Ahn H, Chae SY, Kim HO, Moon DH, Gambhir SS, Mittra ES. Clinical Evaluation of (4S)-4-(3-[ 18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate ( 18F-FSPG) for PET/CT Imaging in Patients with Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5380-5387. [PMID: 32694158 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE (4S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamic acid (18F-FSPG) is a radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging of system xC - activity, which can be upregulated in prostate cancer. We present data on the first evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent prostate cancer with this radiopharmaceutical. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Ten patients with primary and 10 patients with recurrent prostate cancer were enrolled in this prospective multicenter study. After injection of 300 MBq of 18F-FSPG, three whole-body PET/CT scans were obtained. Visual analysis was compared with step-section histopathology when available as well as other imaging studies and clinical outcomes. Metabolic parameters were measured semiquantitatively. Expression levels of xCT and CD44 were evaluated by IHC for patients with available tissue samples. RESULTS 18F-FSPG PET showed high tumor-to-background ratios with a relatively high tumor detection rate on a per-patient (89%) and per-lobe (87%) basis. The sensitivity was slightly higher with imaging at 105 minutes in comparison with 60 minutes. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) for cancer was significantly higher than both normal (P < 0.005) and benign pathology (P = 0.011), while there was no significant difference between normal and benign pathology (P = 0.120). In the setting of recurrence, agreement with standard imaging was demonstrated in 7 of 9 patients (78%) and 13 of 18 lesions (72%), and revealed true local recurrence in a discordant case. 18F-FSPG accumulation showed moderate correlation with CD44 expression. CONCLUSIONS 18F-FSPG is a promising tumor imaging agent for PET that seems to have favorable biodistribution and high cancer detection rate in patients with prostate cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the diagnostic value for both initial staging and recurrence, and how it compares with other investigational radiotracers and conventional imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Youngju Park
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South).,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sae Jung Na
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South).,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Meena Kumar
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Camila Mosci
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mirwais Wardak
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yong Mee Cho
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Hanjong Ahn
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Sun Young Chae
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Hye Ok Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South).,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Woman's University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Dae Hyuk Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Sanjiv S Gambhir
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Bioengineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Erik S Mittra
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California. .,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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64
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Price TW, Yap SY, Gillet R, Savoie H, Charbonnière LJ, Boyle RW, Nonat AM, Stasiuk GJ. Evaluation of a Bispidine‐Based Chelator for Gallium‐68 and of the Porphyrin Conjugate as PET/PDT Theranostic Agent. Chemistry 2020; 26:7602-7608. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Price
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Positron Emission Tomography Research CenterUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and BiologySchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College London Cottingham Road London SE1 7EH UK
| | - Steven Y. Yap
- Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Raphaël Gillet
- Equipe de Synthèse pour l'Analyse (SynPA)CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Huguette Savoie
- Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Loïc J. Charbonnière
- Equipe de Synthèse pour l'Analyse (SynPA)CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Ross W. Boyle
- Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Aline M. Nonat
- Equipe de Synthèse pour l'Analyse (SynPA)CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Graeme J. Stasiuk
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Positron Emission Tomography Research CenterUniversity of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and BiologySchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College London Cottingham Road London SE1 7EH UK
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65
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Zha Z, Wu Z, Choi SR, Ploessl K, Smith M, Alexoff D, Zhu L, Kung HF. A New [ 68Ga]Ga-HBED-CC-Bisphosphonate as a Bone Imaging Agent. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1674-1684. [PMID: 32251600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 68Ga-labeled bisphosphonates to target bone metastasis could be a valuable tool in cancer diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic treatment. A 68Ga labeled ligand, N,N'-bis[2-hydroxy-5-(carboxyethyl)benzyl]ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED-CC) containing one bisphosphonate group (HBED-CC-BP, 1) was prepared and evaluated. The new ligand, 1, reacted rapidly to form [68Ga]Ga-1, via complexing with [68Ga]GaCl3 eluted from a commercially available 68Ge/68Ga generator (in a sodium acetate buffer at pH 4, reaching >95% labeling yield at room temperature in 5 min). The resulting [68Ga]Ga-1 showed excellent stability in vitro and in vivo. [68Ga]Ga-1 displayed high binding affinity to hydroxyapatite and good uptake in the tibia and femur bone of normal mice. Biodistribution and MicroPET imaging studies of [68Ga]Ga-1 in normal mice and rats showed excellent bone uptake and retention comparable to that of Na[18F]F. The results suggested that [68Ga]Ga-1 might be suitable as a bone imaging agent in humans and it could be useful as a convenient alternative to the current bone imaging PET agent, Na[18F]F, without the need of a near-by cyclotron. Also, an automated synthesis module was developed to produce clinical doses of [68Ga]Ga-1 in a consistent and reproducible manner. Currently, the investigation new drug application (IND) for [68Ga]Ga-HBED-CC-BP, [68Ga]Ga-1, has received FDA approval, and it is currently under clinical trial (IND #129870).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zha
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zehui Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Seok Rye Choi
- Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Karl Ploessl
- Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Megan Smith
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David Alexoff
- Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Hank F Kung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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66
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Segard T, Morandeau LMJA, Dunne ML, Robinson JO, Murray RJ, Geelhoed EA, Francis RJ. Comparison between gallium-68 citrate positron emission tomography-computed tomography and gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy for infection imaging. Intern Med J 2020; 49:1016-1022. [PMID: 30667165 DOI: 10.1111/imj.14231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary studies have reported promising results for the utility of gallium-68 (Ga-68) citrate positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) for infection imaging. This technique offers reduced radiation dose to patients, shorter time between injection and imaging and reduced time for image acquisition compared to the 'gold standard' nuclear imaging technique: gallium-67 (Ga-67) citrate scintigraphy. AIMS To compare the two imaging modalities to ascertain whether Ga-68 citrate PET-CT is of equivalent diagnostic efficacy for bone and joint infection or pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) and to assess image quality and reporter confidence. METHODS Patients with PUO and suspected bone or joint infection underwent Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy and Ga-68 citrate PET-CT. Participants were followed up for 3 months to record subsequent treatment, investigations and outcome. RESULTS 60 patients were recruited to this multicentre prospective study: 32 for bone and joint infection, 28 for PUO. The results show a sensitivity of 81% for Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy and 69% for Ga-68 citrate PET-CT, a specificity of 79% for Ga-67 citrate and 67% for Ga-68 citrate and were concordant for 76% of the participants. The reporting physician confidence was significantly lower for Ga-68 citrate (P < 0.05), frequently due to prominent physiologic blood pool activity adjacent to the site of infection. CONCLUSION The sensitivity and specificity of Ga-68 citrate PET-CT were found to be consistently lower than Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy. Additionally, due to the insufficient level of confidence of the reporting physicians for the Ga-68 citrate PET-CT, this modality could not currently be recommended to replace Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Segard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Laurence M J A Morandeau
- Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marina L Dunne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James O Robinson
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory, Royal Perth Hospital and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species Typing and Research, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ronan J Murray
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Geelhoed
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roslyn J Francis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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67
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Allott L, Dubash S, Aboagye EO. [ 18F]FET-βAG-TOCA: The Design, Evaluation and Clinical Translation of a Fluorinated Octreotide. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040865. [PMID: 32252406 PMCID: PMC7226534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of Lutathera™ ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) in the NETTER-1 clinical trial as a peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for somatostatin receptor expressing (SSTR) neuroendocrine tumours (NET) is likely to increase the demand for patient stratification by positron emission tomography (PET). The current gold standard of gallium-68 radiolabelled somatostatin analogues (e.g., [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE) works effectively, but access is constrained by the limited availability and scalability of gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical production. The aim of this review is three-fold: firstly, we discuss the peptide library design, biological evaluation and clinical translation of [18F]fluoroethyltriazole-βAG-TOCA ([18F]FET-βAG-TOCA), our fluorine-18 radiolabelled octreotide; secondly, to exemplify the potential of the 2-[18F]fluoroethylazide prosthetic group and copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry in accessing good manufacturing practice (GMP) compatible radiopharmaceuticals; thirdly, we aim to illustrate a framework for the translation of similarly radiolabelled peptides, in which in vivo pharmacokinetics drives candidate selection, supported by robust radiochemistry methodology and a route to GMP production. It is hoped that this review will continue to inspire the development and translation of fluorine-18 radiolabelled peptides into clinical studies for the benefit of patients.
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68
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Radiosynthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Preclinical Study of a 68Ga-Labeled Cyclic RGD Peptide as an Early Diagnostic Agent for Overexpressed α v β 3 Integrin Receptors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2020; 2020:8421657. [PMID: 32292304 PMCID: PMC7153000 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8421657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The αvβ3 integrin receptors have high expression on proliferating growing tumor cells of different origins including non-small-cell lung cancer. RGD-containing peptides target the extracellular domain of integrin receptors. This specific targeting makes these short sequences a suitable nominee for theranostic application. DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2 was radiolabeled with 68Ga efficiently. The in vivo and in vitro stability was examined in different buffer systems. Metabolic stability was assessed in mice urine. In vitro specific binding, cellular uptake, and internalization were determined. The tumor-targeting potential of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2 in a lung cancer mouse model was studied. Besides, the very early diagnostic potential of the 68Ga-labeled RGD peptide was evaluated. The acquisition and reconstruction of the PET-CT image data were also carried out. Radiochemical and radionuclide purity for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2 was >%98 and >%99, respectively. Radiotracer showed high in vivo, in vitro, and metabolic stability which was determined by ITLC. The dissociation constant (Kd) of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2 was 15.28 nM. On average, more than 95% of the radioactivity was specific binding (internalized + surface-bound) to A549 cells. Biodistribution data showed that radiolabeled peptides were accumulated significantly in A549 tumor and excreted rapidly by the renal system. Tumor uptake peaks were at 1-hour postinjection for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2. The tumor was clearly visualized in all images. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-E(cRGDfK)2 can be used as a peptide-based imaging agent allowing very early detection of different cancers overexpressing αvβ3 integrin receptors and can be a potential candidate in clinical peptide-based imaging for lung cancer.
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69
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70
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Tsoodol Z, Aikawa M, Dagvadorj I, Khishigjargal T, Javkhlantugs N, Komori Y, Haba H. Production cross sections of 68Ga and radioactive by-products in deuteron-induced reactions on natural zinc. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 159:109095. [PMID: 32250769 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Activation cross sections of the deuteron-induced reactions on natural zinc are studied for the production of the medical radionuclide 68Ga. The stacked foil activation method and the γ-ray spectrometry were used. Co-produced radionuclides 65,66,67Ga, 63,65,69mZn, 61Cu, and 58Co are also investigated to evaluate amounts of impurities for practical use of 68Ga. Physical yields of the radionuclides were deduced from the measured cross sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolbadral Tsoodol
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan; Nuclear Research Center, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 13330, Mongolia.
| | - Masayuki Aikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan; Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Ichinkhorloo Dagvadorj
- Nuclear Research Center, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 13330, Mongolia; Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tegshjargal Khishigjargal
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Namsrai Javkhlantugs
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Yukiko Komori
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Haba
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
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71
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Alnahwi AH, Tremblay S, Ait-Mohand S, Beaudoin JF, Guérin B. Automated radiosynthesis of 68Ga for large-scale routine production using 68Zn pressed target. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 156:109014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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72
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van Boxtel W, Lütje S, van Engen-van Grunsven IC, Verhaegh GW, Schalken JA, Jonker MA, Nagarajah J, Gotthardt M, van Herpen CM. 68Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT imaging for adenoid cystic carcinoma and salivary duct carcinoma: a phase 2 imaging study. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2273-2283. [PMID: 32089741 PMCID: PMC7019174 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Treatment options for recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), major subtypes of salivary gland cancer, are limited. Both tumors often show overexpression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). In prostate cancer, PSMA-ligands labeled with 68Ga or 177Lu are used for imaging and therapy, respectively. Primary aim of this study in R/M ACC and SDC patients was to systematically investigate 68Ga-PSMA-uptake by PET/CT imaging to determine if PSMA radionuclide therapy could be a treatment option. Methods: In a prospective phase II study, PET/CT imaging was performed 1 h post injection of 68Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC in 15 ACC patients and 10 SDC patients. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) were determined in tumor lesions. Immunohistochemical PSMA expression was scored in primary tumors and metastatic tissue. Standard imaging (MRI or CT) was performed for comparison. Results: In ACC patients, SUVmax ranged from 1.1 to 30.2 with a tumor/liver-ratio >1 in 13 out of 14 evaluable patients (93%). In SDC patients, SUVmax ranged from 0.3 to 25.9 with a tumor/liver-ratio >1 in 4 out of 10 patients (40%). We found a large intra-patient inter-metastatic variation in uptake of 68Ga-PSMA, and immunohistochemistry did not predict ligand uptake in ACC and SDC. Finally, PSMA-PET detected additional bone metastases compared to CT in 2 ACC patients with unexplained pain. Conclusion: In 93% of ACC patients and 40% of SDC patients we detected relevant PSMA-ligand uptake, which warrants to study PSMA radionuclide therapy in these patients. Additionally, our data provide arguments for patient selection and treatment timing. Finally, PSMA-PET imaging has added diagnostic value compared to CT in selected patients.
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Reynoso-Mejía C, Kerik-Rotenberg N, Moranchel M. Calculation of S-values for head and brain structures from a constructed voxelized phantom for positron-emitting radionuclides. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Smith AJ, Osborne BE, Keeling GP, Blower PJ, Southworth R, Long NJ. DO2A-based ligands for gallium-68 chelation: synthesis, radiochemistry and ex vivo cardiac uptake. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1097-1106. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02354b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
New DO2A-based lipophilic and cationic chelators for gallium-68 have been synthesised for cardiac PET imaging. These radiotracers show preferential uptake in healthy cardiac tissue over cardiac tissue depolarised by CCCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London
- UK
| | - Bradley E. Osborne
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London
- UK
| | - George P. Keeling
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences
- King's College London
- London
- UK
| | - Philip J. Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences
- King's College London
- London
- UK
| | - Richard Southworth
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences
- King's College London
- London
- UK
| | - Nicholas J. Long
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London
- UK
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Ermert J, Benešová M, Hugenberg V, Gupta V, Spahn I, Pietzsch HJ, Liolios C, Kopka K. Radiopharmaceutical Sciences. Clin Nucl Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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76
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MacPherson DS, Fung K, Cook BE, Francesconi LC, Zeglis BM. A brief overview of metal complexes as nuclear imaging agents. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14547-14565. [PMID: 31556418 PMCID: PMC6829947 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metallic radionuclides have been instrumental in the field of nuclear imaging for over half a century. While recent years have played witness to a dramatic rise in the use of radiometals as labels for chelator-bearing biomolecules, imaging agents based solely on coordination compounds of radiometals have long played a critical role in the discipline as well. In this work, we seek to provide a brief overview of metal complex-based radiopharmaceuticals for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). More specifically, we have focused on imaging agents in which the metal complex itself rather than a pendant biomolecule or targeting moiety is responsible for the in vivo behavior of the tracer. This family of compounds contains metal complexes based on an array of different nuclides as well as probes that have been used for the imaging of a variety of pathologies, including infection, inflammation, cancer, and heart disease. Indeed, two of the defining traits of transition metal complexes-modularity and redox chemistry-have both been creatively leveraged in the development of imaging agents. In light of our audience, particular attention is paid to structure and mechanism, though clinical data is addressed as well. Ultimately, it is our hope that this review will not only educate readers about some of the seminal work performed in this space over the last 30 years but also spur renewed interest in the creation of radiopharmaceuticals based on small metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S MacPherson
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10028, USA.
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Stieb S, McDonald B, Gronberg M, Engeseth GM, He R, Fuller CD. Imaging for Target Delineation and Treatment Planning in Radiation Oncology: Current and Emerging Techniques. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2019; 33:963-975. [PMID: 31668214 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Imaging in radiation oncology has a wide range of applications. It is necessary not only for tumor staging and treatment response assessment after therapy but also for the treatment planning process, including definition of target and organs at risk, as well as treatment plan calculation. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the main imaging modalities currently used for target delineation and treatment planning and gives insight into new and promising techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stieb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brigid McDonald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary Gronberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Grete May Engeseth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Renjie He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Clifton David Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Biodistribution and first clinical results of 18F-SiFAlin-TATE PET: a novel 18F-labeled somatostatin analog for imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:870-880. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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79
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Pooja D, Gunukula A, Gupta N, Adams DJ, Kulhari H. Bombesin receptors as potential targets for anticancer drug delivery and imaging. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 114:105567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Haskali MB, Roselt PD, Binns D, Hetsron A, Poniger S, Hutton CA, Hicks RJ. Automated preparation of clinical grade [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04, a cholecystokinin-2 receptor agonist, using iPHASE MultiSyn synthesis platform. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:23. [PMID: 31659509 PMCID: PMC6707997 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gallium-68 ([68Ga]Ga) labelled radiopharmaceuticals have become a valuable tool in clinical practice using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). These agents are typically produced on-site owing to the short half-life of [68Ga]Ga (68 min), which hinders distant transportation and often cannot comply with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in hospital environments due to limited resources or infrastructure constraints. Moreover, full blown GMP production of radiopharmaceuticals under development can be prohibitively expensive. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04 is a promising peptide for imaging neuroendocrine tumors overexpressing the cholecyctokinin-2 receptor. Automation is an integral process in ensuring the radiopharmaceuticals produced under non-GMP conditions are of a uniform quality for routine clinical use. Herein, we describe the development of an automation platform, the iPHASE MultiSyn radiosynthesizer, to produce 68Ga-labelled DOTA-CP04 for routine clinical provision. Results The use of the MultiSyn module for 68Ga-labelling of DOTA-CP04 was investigated. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04, was reproducibly prepared in high (> 70%) decay-corrected yields. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04 passed all predetermined acceptance criteria for human injection. Conclusions [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04 was produced effectively using the MultiSyn module in a consistent and reproducible manner suitable for human injection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41181-019-0067-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Haskali
- The Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Peter D Roselt
- The Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Binns
- The Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amit Hetsron
- The Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stan Poniger
- iPHASE Technologies Pty. Ltd., Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig A Hutton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- The Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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81
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Song IH, Jeong MS, Hong HJ, Shin JI, Park YS, Woo SK, Moon BS, Kim KI, Lee YJ, Kang JH, Lee TS. Development of a Theranostic Convergence Bioradiopharmaceutical for Immuno-PET Based Radioimmunotherapy of L1CAM in Cholangiocarcinoma Model. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6148-6159. [PMID: 31337646 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy of bile duct with a poor prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally ineffective, and surgical resection is the only curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma. L1-cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been known as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of immuno-PET imaging-based radioimmunotherapy using radiolabeled anti-L1CAM antibody in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft model. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We prepared a theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical using chimeric anti-L1CAM antibody (cA10-A3) conjugated with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) chelator and labeled with 64Cu or 177Lu and evaluated the immuno-PET or SPECT/CT imaging and biodistribution with 64Cu-/177Lu-cA10-A3 in various cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. Therapeutic efficacy and response monitoring were performed by 177Lu-cA10-A3 and 18F-FDG-PET, respectively, and immunohistochemistry was done by TUNEL and Ki-67. RESULTS Radiolabeled cA10-A3 antibodies specifically recognized L1CAM in vitro, clearly visualized cholangiocarcinoma tumors in immuno-PET and SPECT/CT imaging, and differentiated the L1CAM expression level in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. 177Lu-cA10-A3 (12.95 MBq/100 μg) showed statistically significant reduction in tumor volumes (P < 0.05) and decreased glucose metabolism (P < 0.01). IHC analysis revealed 177Lu-cA10-A3 treatment increased TUNEL-positive and decreased Ki-67-positive cells, compared with saline, cA10-A3, or 177Lu-isotype. CONCLUSIONS Anti-L1CAM immuno-PET imaging using 64Cu-cA10-A3 could be translated into the clinic for characterizing the pharmacokinetics and selecting appropriate patients for radioimmunotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy using 177Lu-cA10-A3 may provide survival benefit in L1CAM-expressing cholangiocarcinoma tumor. Theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical strategy would be applied as imaging biomarker-based personalized medicine in L1CAM-expressing patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Ho Song
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Mun Sik Jeong
- Department of Systems Immunology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Hong
- Department of Systems Immunology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jong Il Shin
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Serk Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Keun Woo
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kang
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Sup Lee
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.
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82
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NEMA NU 2-2007 performance characteristics of GE Signa integrated PET/MR for different PET isotopes. EJNMMI Phys 2019; 6:11. [PMID: 31273558 PMCID: PMC6609673 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-019-0247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fully integrated PET/MR systems are being used frequently in clinical research and routine. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) characterization of these systems is generally done with 18F which is clinically the most relevant PET isotope. However, other PET isotopes, such as 68Ga and 90Y, are gaining clinical importance as they are of specific interest for oncological applications and for follow-up of 90Y-based radionuclide therapy. These isotopes have a complex decay scheme with a variety of prompt gammas in coincidence. 68Ga and 90Y have higher positron energy and, because of the larger positron range, there may be interference with the magnetic field of the MR compared to 18F. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the performance of PET/MR for these clinically relevant and commercially available isotopes. METHODS NEMA NU 2-2007 performance measurements were performed for characterizing the spatial resolution, sensitivity, image quality, and the accuracy of attenuation and scatter corrections for 18F, 68Ga, and 90Y. Scatter fraction and noise equivalent count rate (NECR) tests were performed using 18F and 68Ga. All phantom data were acquired on the GE Signa integrated PET/MR system, installed in UZ Leuven, Belgium. RESULTS 18F, 68Ga, and 90Y NEMA performance tests resulted in substantially different system characteristics. In comparison with 18F, the spatial resolution is about 1 mm larger in the axial direction for 68Ga and no significative effect was found for 90Y. The impact of this lower resolution is also visible in the recovery coefficients of the smallest spheres of 68Ga in image quality measurements, where clearly lower values are obtained. For 90Y, the low number of counts leads to a large variability in the image quality measurements. The primary factor for the sensitivity change is the scale factor related to the positron emission fraction. There is also an impact on the peak NECR, which is lower for 68Ga than for 18F and appears at higher activities. CONCLUSIONS The system performance of GE Signa integrated PET/MR was substantially different, in terms of NEMA spatial resolution, image quality, and NECR for 68Ga and 90Y compared to 18F. But these differences are compensated by the PET/MR scanner technologies and reconstructions methods.
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83
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Shakeri A, Panahi Y, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Biological properties of metal complexes of curcumin. Biofactors 2019; 45:304-317. [PMID: 31018024 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a naturally occurring phenolic compound isolated from Curcuma longa, has different pharmacological effects, including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, curcumin has been found to have a limited bioavailability because of its hydrophobic nature, low-intestinal absorption, and rapid metabolism. Therefore, there is a need for enhancing the bioavailability and its solubility in water in order to increase the pharmacological effects of this bioactive compound. One strategy is curcumin complexation with transition metals to circumvent the abovementioned problems. Curcumin can undergo chelation with various metal ions to form metallo-complexes of curcumin, which may show greater effects as compared with curcumin alone. Promising results with metal curcumin complexes have been observed with regard to antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity, as well as in treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The present review provides a concise summary of the characterization and biological properties of curcumin-metal complexes. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):304-317, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shakeri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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84
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Vyas CK, Lee JY, Hur MG, Yang SD, Kong YB, Lee EJ, Park JH. Chitosan-TiO 2 composite: A potential 68Ge/ 68Ga generator column material. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 149:206-213. [PMID: 31078965 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A durable and ready to use 68Ge-68Ga generator column material is required for its routine use in radiopharmaceutical procedures. The present work comprises preliminary studies for development and evaluation of chitosan-TiO2 based microsphere (C-TOM) composite towards its competence as a column material. The batch uptake studies showed higher distribution coefficients for 68Ge vis-à-vis 68Ga in the complete concentration range of HCl examined (0.01-1 mol.L-1). Furthermore, C-TOM showed enduring physical and chemical stability in 0.01 mol.L-1 HCl with persistent 68Ga elution profiles (>95%) and negligible 68Ge breakthrough (2 × 10-4%) for the preliminary evaluation period of ∼2 months. Overall, the studies indicated that, 68Ga with high radionuclidic purity (≥99.99%) can be eluted routinely in a small volume (∼1.5 mL) of 0.01 mol.L-1 HCl proving its potentials as a novel solid phase extractant for 68Ge/68Ge generator system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag K Vyas
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Goo Hur
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Dae Yang
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bae Kong
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Je Lee
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Park
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup Si, Jeollabuk Do - 56212, Republic of Korea.
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85
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Preparation of Zirconium-89 Solutions for Radiopharmaceutical Purposes: Interrelation Between Formulation, Radiochemical Purity, Stability and Biodistribution. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081534. [PMID: 31003494 PMCID: PMC6514948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zirconium-89 is a promising radionuclide for nuclear medicine. The aim of the present work was to find a suitable method for obtaining zirconium-89 solutions for radiopharmaceutical purposes. For this purpose, the ion exchange behavior of zirconium-89 solutions was studied. Radio-TLC (thin layer chromatography) and biodistribution studies were carried out to understand speciation of zirconium-89 complexes and their role in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals. Three methods of zirconium-89 isolation were studied using ZR (hydroxamate) and Chelex-100 resins. It was found that ZR-resin alone is not enough to obtain stable zirconium-89 formulations. An easy and effective method of reconstitution of [89Zr]Zr-oxalate to [89Zr]Zr-citrate using Chelex-100 resin was developed. Developed procedures allow obtaining [89Zr]Zr-oxalate (in 0.1 M sodium oxalate solution) and [89Zr]Zr-citrate (in 0.1–1.0 M sodium citrate solution). These solutions are perfectly suitable and convenient for radiopharmaceutical purposes. Our results prove [89Zr]Zr-citrate to be advantageous over [89Zr]Zr-oxalate. During evaluation of speciation of zirconium-89 complexes, a new TLC method was developed, since it was proved that there is no comprehensive method for analysis or zirconium-89 preparations. The new method provides valuable insights about the content of “active” ionic form of zirconium-89. The interrelation of the chromatographic behavior of zirconium-89 preparations and their biodistribution was studied.
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86
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Roxin Á, Zhang C, Huh S, Lepage M, Zhang Z, Lin KS, Bénard F, Perrin DM. A Metal-Free DOTA-Conjugated 18F-Labeled Radiotracer: [18F]DOTA-AMBF3-LLP2A for Imaging VLA-4 Over-Expression in Murine Melanoma with Improved Tumor Uptake and Greatly Enhanced Renal Clearance. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1210-1219. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Áron Roxin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sungjoon Huh
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lepage
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Giovannini E, Giovacchini G, Borsò E, Lazzeri P, Riondato M, Leoncini R, Duce V, Ciarmiello A. [68Ga]-Dota Peptide PET/CT in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Main Clinical Applications. Curr Radiopharm 2019; 12:11-22. [DOI: 10.2174/1874471012666181212101244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs) are generally defined as rare and heterogeneous
tumors. The gastrointestinal system is the most frequent site of NENs localization, however they
can be found in other anatomical regions, such as pancreas, lungs, ovaries, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal
glands. Neuroendocrine neoplasms have significant clinical manifestations depending on the
production of active peptide.
Methods:
Imaging modalities play a fundamental role in initial diagnosis as well as in staging and
treatment monitoring of NENs, in particular they vastly enhance the understanding of the physiopathology
and diagnosis of NENs through the use of somatostatin analogue tracers labeled with appropriate
radioisotopes. Additionally, the use of somatostatin analogues provides the ability to in-vivo measure
the expression of somatostatin receptors on NEN cells, a process that might have important therapeutic
implications.
Results:
A large body of evidences showed improved accuracy of molecular imaging based on PET/CT
radiotracer with SST analogues (e.g. [68Ga]-DOTA peptide) for the detection of NEN lesions in comparison
to morphological imaging modalities. So far, the role of imaging technologies in assessing
treatment response is still under debate.
Conclusion:
This review offers the systems of classification and grading of NENs and summarizes the
more useful recommendations based on data recently published for the management of patients with
NENs, with special focus on the role of imaging modalities based on SST targeting with PET / CT
radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisa Borsò
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lazzeri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Mattia Riondato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Rossella Leoncini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Valerio Duce
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciarmiello
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
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Skovsgaard MB, Jeppesen TE, Mortensen MR, Nielsen CH, Madsen J, Kjaer A, Gothelf KV. Affinity-Guided Conjugation to Antibodies for Use in Positron Emission Tomography. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:881-887. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel B. Skovsgaard
- iNANO and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Troels E. Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Michael R. Mortensen
- iNANO and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten H. Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jacob Madsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kurt V. Gothelf
- iNANO and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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Jiang J, Li K, Komarov S, O'Sullivan JA, Tai YC. Feasibility study of a point-of-care positron emission tomography system with interactive imaging capability. Med Phys 2019; 46:1798-1813. [PMID: 30667069 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the feasibility of a novel positron emission tomography (PET) system that provides near real-time feedback to an operator who can interactively scan a patient to optimize image quality. The system should be compact and mobile to support point-of-care (POC) molecular imaging applications. In this study, we present the key technologies required and discuss the potential benefits of such new capability. METHODS The core of this novel PET technology includes trackable PET detectors and a fully three-dimensional, fast image reconstruction engine implemented on multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to support dynamically changing geometry by calculating the system matrix on-the-fly using a tube-of-response approach. With near real-time image reconstruction capability, a POC-PET system may comprise a maneuverable front PET detector and a second detector panel which can be stationary or moved synchronously with the front detector such that both panels face the region-of-interest (ROI) with the detector trajectory contoured around a patient's body. We built a proof-of-concept prototype using two planar detectors each consisting of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) optically coupled to an array of 48 × 48 lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals (1.0 × 1.0 × 10.0 mm3 each). Only 38 × 38 crystals in each arrays can be clearly re-solved and used for coincidence detection. One detector was mounted to a robotic arm which can position it at arbitrary locations, and the other detector was mounted on a rotational stage. A cylindrical phantom (102 mm in diameter, 150 mm long) with nine spherical lesions (8:1 tumor-to-background activity concentration ratio) was imaged from 27 sampling angles. List-mode events were reconstructed to form images without or with time-of-flight (TOF) information. We conducted two Monte Carlo simulations using two POC-PET systems. The first one uses the same phantom and detector setup as our experiment, with the detector coincidence re-solving time (CRT) ranging from 100 to 700 ps full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM). The second study simulates a body-size phantom (316 × 228 × 160 mm3 ) imaged by a larger POC-PET system that has 4 × 6 modules (32 × 32 LYSO crystals/module, four in axial and six in transaxial directions) in the front panel and 3 × 8 modules (16 × 16 LYSO crystals/module, three in axial and eight in transaxial directions) in the back panel. We also evaluated an interactive scanning strategy by progressively increasing the number of data sets used for image reconstruction. The updated images were analyzed based on the number of data sets and the detector CRT. RESULTS The proof-of-concept prototype re-solves most of the spherical lesions despite a limited number of coincidence events and incomplete sampling. TOF information reduces artifacts in the reconstructed images. Systems with better timing resolution exhibit improved image quality and reduced artifacts. We observed a reconstruction speed of 0.96 × 106 events/s/iteration for 600 × 600 × 224 voxel rectilinear space using four GPUs. A POC-PET system with significantly higher sensitivity can interactively image a body-size object from four angles in less than 7 min. CONCLUSIONS We have developed GPU-based fast image reconstruction capability to support a PET system with arbitrary and dynamically changing geometry. Using TOF PET detectors, we demonstrated the feasibility of a PET system that can provide timely visual feedback to an operator who can scan a patient interactively to support POC imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Jiang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Sergey Komarov
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph A O'Sullivan
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Yuan-Chuan Tai
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
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90
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Al Bulushi N, Al Suqri B, Al Aamri M, Al Hadidi A, Al Jahdami H, Al Zadjali M, Al Risi M. Diagnostic accuracy of technetium-99m-octreotide in imaging neuroendocrine tumors, Oman hospital experience with literature review. World J Nucl Med 2019; 18:137-142. [PMID: 31040744 PMCID: PMC6476243 DOI: 10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_36_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this observational cross-sectional study with retrospective review of the data is to evaluate the efficacy of using technetium-99m-octreotide (Tc-99m-OCT) in imaging neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in our tertiary care hospital. A total of 58 patients had Tc-99m-OCT were identified in our database, from January 2013 to December 2016. Forty-one patients (age range of 15–75 years) meet our inclusion criteria, namely histopathology proven NETs, Tc-99m-OCT scan, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) done in our institute for correlation. Twenty-three patients had true positive Tc-99m-OCT scan. In addition to the primary tumors, the octreotide scan revealed metastasis in the lung, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The smallest lesion detected on octreotide scan was a 4-mm pulmonary nodule that was missed on lung window CT scan. The Tc-99m-OCT had 17 true negative, one false negative, and no false positive. The CT and MRI scans had 18 true positive, 17 true negative, 5 false negative, and one false positive. The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values of Tc-99m-OCT scan were 96%, 100%, 97%, 100%, and 94%, respectively. Whereas those of CT and MRI were 78%, 94%, 85%, 94%, and 77%, respectively. Our diagnostic accuracy of Tc-99m-OCT is high. We recommend that, in addition to the conventional radiological investigations, Tc-99m-OCT scan, or other somatostatin receptor imaging (SSR) is a mandate for better and accurate staging of patients with NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Al Bulushi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Badriya Al Suqri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Marwa Al Aamri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Hafidh Al Jahdami
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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91
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Khalid U, Vi C, Henri J, Macdonald J, Eu P, Mandarano G, Shigdar S. Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 12:ph12010002. [PMID: 30586898 PMCID: PMC6469178 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, which continues to grow as millions of people are diagnosed annually. Metastatic disease caused by cancer is largely responsible for the mortality rates, thus early detection of metastatic tumours can improve prognosis. However, a large number of patients will also present with micrometastasis tumours which are often missed, as conventional medical imaging modalities are unable to detect micrometastases due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity. Recent advances in radiochemistry and the development of nucleic acid based targeting molecules, have led to the development of novel agents for use in cancer diagnostics. Monoclonal antibodies may also be used, however, they have inherent issues, such as toxicity, cost, unspecified binding and their clinical use can be controversial. Aptamers are a class of single-stranded RNA or DNA ligands with high specificity, binding affinity and selectivity for a target, which makes them promising for molecular biomarker imaging. Aptamers are presented as being a superior choice over antibodies because of high binding affinity and pH stability, amongst other factors. A number of aptamers directed to cancer cell markers (breast, lung, colon, glioblastoma, melanoma) have been radiolabelled and characterised to date. Further work is ongoing to develop these for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Khalid
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
| | - Chris Vi
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
| | - Justin Henri
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
| | - Joanna Macdonald
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
| | - Peter Eu
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Giovanni Mandarano
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, Australia.
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92
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Pulido J, de Cabrera M, Sobczak AJ, Amor-Coarasa A, McGoron AJ, Wnuk SF. 4-N-Alkanoyl and 4-N-alkyl gemcitabine analogues with NOTA chelators for 68-gallium labelling. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5624-5630. [PMID: 30342865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The conjugation of 4-N-(3-aminopropanyl)-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine with 2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (SCN-Bn-NOTA) ligand in 0.1 M Na2CO3 buffer (pH 11) at ambient temperature provided 4-N-alkylgemcitabine-NOTA chelator. Incubation of latter with excess of gallium(III) chloride (GaCl3) (0.6 N AcONa/H2O, pH = 9.3) over 15 min gave gallium 4-N-alkylgemcitabine-NOTA complex which was characterized by HRMS. Analogous [68Ga]-complexation of 4-N-alkylgemcitabine-NOTA conjugate proceeded with high labeling efficiency (94%-96%) with the radioligand almost exclusively found in the aqueous layer (∼95%). The high polarity of the gallium 4-N-alkylgemctiabine-NOTA complex resulted in rapid renal clearance of the 68Ga-labelled radioligand in BALB/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Pulido
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Maria de Cabrera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Adam J Sobczak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Alejandro Amor-Coarasa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Anthony J McGoron
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Stanislaw F Wnuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
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93
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Smith AJ, Gawne PJ, Ma MT, Blower PJ, Southworth R, Long NJ. Synthesis, gallium-68 radiolabelling and biological evaluation of a series of triarylphosphonium-functionalized DO3A chelators. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15448-15457. [PMID: 30328444 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02966k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Radiolabelled lipophilic cations that accumulate in mitochondria according to the magnitude of the mitochondrial membrane potential can be used to report non-invasively on mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease, cardiotoxicity, and cancer. While several such cations are already commercially available for SPECT imaging, PET offers greater promise in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and capacity for dynamic imaging and pharmacokinetic modelling. We have therefore synthesised a series of three triarylphosphonium-functionalised DO3A chelators for positron emitter gallium-68, with differing alkyl-functionalisation motifs to provide opportunities for tunable lipophilicity as a means of optimising their pharmacokinetics. To assess their capacity to report on mitochondrial membrane potential, we assessed their pharmacokinetic profiles in isolated tumour cells and isolated perfused rat hearts before and after mitochondrial depolarisation with the ionophore CCCP. All three compounds radiolabelled with over 97% RCY and exhibited log D values of between -3.12 and -1.81. In vitro assessment of the uptake of the radiotracers in cultured tumour cells showed a three-fold increase in uptake compared to unchelated [68Ga]Ga(iii). However, each complex exhibited less than 1% retention in healthy hearts, which was not significantly diminished by mitochondrial depolarisation with CCCP. This preliminary work suggests that while this approach is promising, the lipophilicity of this class of tracers must be increased in order for them to be useful as cardiac or cancer imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK.
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94
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Gallium-68 DOTA-NOC PET/CT as an alternate predictor of disease activity in sarcoidosis. Nucl Med Commun 2018; 39:768-778. [PMID: 29851772 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the role of gallium-68-labeled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-1-Nal3-octreotide (Ga-DOTA-NOC) PET/CT in assessing sarcoidosis disease activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis underwent Ga-DOTA-NOC-PET/CT. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) at the pathological site and in the descending thoracic aorta (reference standard, SUVmed) were assessed. A SUVmax/SUVmed ratio (disease activity score) of more than one was considered a marker of active disease and was compared with the clinical symptoms and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and computed tomography (CT) scan. The primary outcome was to assess the efficacy of the scan in estimating disease activity. RESULTS Of the 39 patients enrolled in the study, 27 patients were symptomatic and the rest were asymptomatic at enrollment. Increased disease activity was present in 25 (92%) of the 27 symptomatic patients and two (16%) of the 12 asymptomatic patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 92.5% (95% confidence interval=75.7-99.0) and 83.3% (95% confidence interval=51.5-97.9), respectively. Seven out of nine patients who became asymptomatic after treatment showed a significant decrease in the mean disease activity score in post-treatment scans (3.38±1.05 vs 1.20±0.82, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT emerged as a useful tool to assess the disease activity and treatment response in patients with sarcoidosis with thoracic involvement.
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95
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Amor-Coarasa A, Kelly JM, Ponnala S, Nikolopoulou A, Williams C, Babich JW. 66Ga: A Novelty or a Valuable Preclinical Screening Tool for the Design of Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102575. [PMID: 30304795 PMCID: PMC6222850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging interest in extending the plasma half-life of small molecule radioligands warrants a consideration of the appropriate radionuclide for PET imaging at longer time points (>8 h). Among candidate positron-emitting radionuclides, 66Ga (t1/2 = 9.5 h, β+ = 57%) has suitable nuclear and chemical properties for the labeling and PET imaging of radioligands of this profile. We investigated the value of 66Ga to preclinical screening and the evaluation of albumin-binding PSMA-targeting small molecules. 66Ga was produced by irradiation of a natZn target. 66Ga3+ ions were separated from Zn2+ ions by an optimized UTEVA anion exchange column that retained 99.99987% of Zn2+ ions and allowed 90.2 ± 2.8% recovery of 66Ga3+. Three ligands were radiolabeled in 46.4 ± 20.5%; radiochemical yield and >90% radiochemical purity. Molar activity was 632 ± 380 MBq/µmol. Uptake in the tumor and kidneys at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h p.i. was determined by µPET/CT imaging and more completely predicted the distribution kinetics than uptake of the [68Ga]Ga-labeled ligands did. Although there are multiple challenges to the use of 66Ga for clinical PET imaging, it can be a valuable research tool for ligand screening and preclinical imaging beyond 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Amor-Coarasa
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - James M Kelly
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Shashikanth Ponnala
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Anastasia Nikolopoulou
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Clarence Williams
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - John W Babich
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and MI3, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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96
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Rickmeier J, Ritter T. Site-Specific Deoxyfluorination of Small Peptides with [18
F]Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rickmeier
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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97
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Rickmeier J, Ritter T. Site-Specific Deoxyfluorination of Small Peptides with [ 18 F]Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14207-14211. [PMID: 30187598 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeled receptor-binding peptides are an important class of positron emission tomography tracers owing to achievable high binding affinities and their rapid blood clearance. Herein, a method to introduce a 4-[18 F]fluoro-phenylalanine residue into peptide sequences is reported, by chemoselective radio-deoxyfluorination of a tyrosine residue using a traceless activating group. The replacement of only one hydrogen atom with [18 F]fluoride results in minimal structural perturbation of the peptide, which is desirable in the labeling of tracer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rickmeier
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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98
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Savelieff MG, Pappalardo L, Azmanis P. The current status of avian aspergillosis diagnoses: Veterinary practice to novel research avenues. Vet Clin Pathol 2018; 47:342-362. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Pappalardo
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences; American University of Sharjah; Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Panagiotis Azmanis
- Dubai Falcon Hospital/Wadi Al Safa Wildlife Center; Dubai United Arab Emirates
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99
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De Silva RA, Kumar D, Lisok A, Chatterjee S, Wharram B, Venkateswara Rao K, Mease R, Dannals RF, Pomper MG, Nimmagadda S. Peptide-Based 68Ga-PET Radiotracer for Imaging PD-L1 Expression in Cancer. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3946-3952. [PMID: 30037229 PMCID: PMC6127800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Tumors create and maintain an immunosuppressive
microenvironment
that promotes cancer cell escape from immune surveillance. The immune
checkpoint protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed
in many cancers and is an important contributor to the maintenance
of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. PD-L1 is a prominent
target for cancer immunotherapy. Guidance of anti-PD-L1 therapy is
currently effected through measurement of PD-L1 through biopsy and
immunohistochemistry. Here, we report a peptide-based imaging agent,
[68Ga]WL12, to detect PD-L1 expression in tumors noninvasively
by positron emission tomography (PET). WL12, a cyclic peptide comprising
14 amino acids, binds to PD-L1 with high affinity (IC50≈ 23
nM). Synthesis of [68Ga]WL12 provided radiochemical purity
>99% after purification. Biodistribution in immunocompetent mice
demonstrated
11.56 ± 3.18, 4.97 ± 0.8, 1.9 ± 0.1, and 1.33 ±
0.21 percentage of injected dose per gram (%ID/g) in hPD-L1, MDAMB231,
SUM149, and CHO tumors, respectively, at 1 h postinjection, with high
binding specificity noted with coinjection of excess, nonradiolabeled
WL12. PET imaging demonstrated high tissue contrast in all tumor models
tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra A De Silva
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Ala Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Samit Chatterjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Bryan Wharram
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Kalagadda Venkateswara Rao
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Ronnie Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Robert F Dannals
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canter Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21287 , United States
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100
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Wallin M, Turner P, Katsifis A, Yang M, Chan HK. Crystal structure of aqua-(2-{[2-({2-[bis-(carboxyl-ato-κ O-meth-yl)amino-κ N]eth-yl}(carboxyl-ato-κ O-meth-yl)amino-κ N)eth-yl](carb-oxy-meth-yl)aza-niumyl}acetato)-gallium(III) trihydrate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2018; 74:1054-1057. [PMID: 30116560 PMCID: PMC6073008 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989018009428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the title GaIII complex compound with pentetic acid, [Ga(C14H20N3O10)(H2O)]·3H2O, the GaIII centre is bound in a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination sphere by two amine N atoms, three carboxyl-ate O atoms and one water O atom. The complex mol-ecule exists as a zwitterion. In the crystal, the complexes are linked to each other via O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to (001). Three uncoordinating water mol-ecules link the complex layers via O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wallin
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew Katsifis
- Department of PET & Nuclear Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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