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Design, Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Dichloro Substituted Chalcones and Dihydropyrazole Derivatives for Their Antifungal, Antitubercular and Antiproliferative Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143188. [PMID: 32668655 PMCID: PMC7397056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by fungi and mycobacteria pose an important problem for humankind. Similarly, cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel agents to combat the deadly problems of cancer, tuberculosis, and also fungal infections. Hence, in the present study, we designed, synthesized, and characterized 30 compounds including 15 chalcones (2–16) and 15 dihydropyrazoles (17–31) containing dichlorophenyl moiety and also screened these compounds for their antifungal, antitubercular, and antiproliferative activities. Among these compounds, the dihydropyrazoles showed excellent antifungal and antitubercular activities whereas the chalcones exhibited promising antiproliferative activity. Among the dihydropyrazoles, compound 31 containing 2-thienyl moiety showed promising antifungal activity (MIC 5.35 µM), whereas compounds 22 and 24 containing 2,4-difluorophenyl and 4-trifluoromethyl scaffolds revealed significant antitubercular activity with the MICs of 3.96 and 3.67 µM, respectively. Compound 16 containing 2-thienyl moiety in the chalcone series showed the highest anti-proliferative activity with an IC50 value of 17 ± 1 µM. The most active compounds identified through this study could be considered as starting points in the development of drugs with potential antifungal, antitubercular, and antiproliferative activities.
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52
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Jiang Y, He R, Shi Y, Liang J, Zhao L. Plasma exosomes protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via exosomal HSP70 mediated suppression of ROS. Life Sci 2020; 256:117987. [PMID: 32569778 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of severe disability and death worldwide. As the pathogenesis of stroke has not been clearly elucidated and the ability of current therapeutic drugs on crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is extremely low, there is no effective strategy to treat stroke. We aim at investigating the specific advantages of using plasma exosomes (Pla-Exo) for targeting ischemic brain and exploring its underlying mechanism in neuroprotection. MAIN METHODS Pla-Exo was obtained by a gradient ultracentrifugation of fresh plasma. The quantification of penetrated Pla-Exo through BBB was investigated in vitro BBB model, furthermore, the effects of Pla-Exo and exosomal HSP70 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Pla-Exo enhanced BBB crossing by specific interaction between Pla-Exo inherited heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and endothelial Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). As expected, Pla-Exo increased HSP70 expression in the ischemic region through the transfer of HSP70, and led to HSP70 mediated suppression of ROS, thus alleviating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by attenuating the deterioration of BBB and preventing mitochondria damage. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicated that Pla-Exo can provide protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury via the regulation of HSP70 and it should be further studied as a potential candidate for protection against ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Ruyi He
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Jia Liang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
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Wang L, Cai X, Shi M, Xue L, Kuang S, Xu R, Qi W, Li Y, Ma X, Zhang R, Hong F, Ye H, Chen L. Identification and optimization of piperine analogues as neuroprotective agents for the treatment of Parkinson's disease via the activation of Nrf2/keap1 pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 199:112385. [PMID: 32402936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive and complex neurodegenerative disorder. Up to date, there are no approved drugs that could slow or reverse the neurodegenerative process of PD. Here, we reported the synthesis of series of piperine analogues and the evaluation of their neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced damage in the neuron-like PC12 cells. Among these analogues, 3b exhibited the most potent protection effect and its underlying mechanism was further investigated. Further results indicated that the ROS scavenging and cytoprotection effect of 3b might be related to the Nrf2 activation and upregulation of related phase II antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1 and NQO1. In in vivo study, oral administration (100 mg/kg) of 3b significantly attenuated PD-associated behavioral deficits in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD and protected tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive dopaminergic neurons. Our results provided evidence that 3b might be a promising candidate for Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linlin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenyan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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54
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Feng H, Hu L, Zhu H, Tao L, Wu L, Zhao Q, Gao Y, Gong Q, Mao F, Li X, Zhou H, Li J, Zhang H. Repurposing antimycotic ciclopirox olamine as a promising anti-ischemic stroke agent. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:434-446. [PMID: 32140390 PMCID: PMC7049605 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a severe disorder resulting from acute cerebral thrombosis. Here we demonstrated that post-ischemic treatment with ciclopirox olamine (CPX), a potent antifungal clinical drug, alleviated brain infarction, neurological deficits and brain edema in a classic rat model of ischemic stroke. Single dose post-ischemic administration of CPX provided a long-lasting neuroprotective effect, which can be further enhanced by multiple doses administration of CPX. CPX also effectively reversed ischemia-induced neuronal loss, glial activation as well as blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage. Employing quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis, 130 phosphosites in 122 proteins were identified to be significantly regulated by CPX treatment in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, which revealed that phosphokinases and cell cycle-related phosphoproteins were largely influenced. Subsequently, we demonstrated that CPX markedly enhanced the AKT (protein kinase B, PKB/AKT) and GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β) phosphorylation in OGD-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, and regulated the cell cycle progression and nitric oxide (NO) release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cells, which may contribute to its ameliorative effects against ischemia-associated neuronal death and microglial inflammation. Our study suggests that CPX could be a promising compound to reduce multiple ischemic injuries; however, further studies will be needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved.
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55
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Shaik A, Bhandare RR, Palleapati K, Nissankararao S, Kancharlapalli V, Shaik S. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities of Some Novel Isoxazole Ring Containing Chalcone and Dihydropyrazole Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051047. [PMID: 32110945 PMCID: PMC7179112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous work identified isoxazole-based chalcones and their dihydropyrazole derivatives as two important five-membered heterocycles having antitubercular activity. Hence, in the present study, we biologically evaluated 30 compounds, including 15 isoxazole ring-containing chalcones (17-31) and 15 dihydropyrazoles (32-46) derived from these chalcones for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Chalcones exhibited superior antibacterial and antioxidant activities compared to dihydropyrazoles. Among the chalcones, compound 28 showed potent antibacterial (MIC = 1 µg/mL) and antioxidant activities (IC50 = 5 ± 1 µg/mL). Dihydropyrazoles, on the contrary, demonstrated remarkable antifungal and anticancer activities. Compound 46 (IC50 = 2 ± 1 µg/mL) showed excellent antifungal activity whereas two other dihydropyrazoles 45 (IC50 = 2 ± 1 µg/mL) and 39 (IC50 = 4 ± 1 µg/mL) exhibited potential anticancer activity. The compounds were also tested for their toxicity on normal human cell lines (LO2) and were found to be nontoxic. The active compounds that have emerged out of this study are potential lead molecules for the development of novel drugs against infectious diseases, oxidative stress, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi-522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +91-9966-014-374 (A.S.); +971-565646655 (R.R.B.)
| | - Richie R. Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman PO Box 346, UAE
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +91-9966-014-374 (A.S.); +971-565646655 (R.R.B.)
| | - Kishor Palleapati
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry ASN Pharmacy College, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Tenali-522201, Andhra Pradesh, India; (K.P.); (V.K.)
| | | | - Venkata Kancharlapalli
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry ASN Pharmacy College, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Tenali-522201, Andhra Pradesh, India; (K.P.); (V.K.)
| | - Shahanaaz Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Victoria College of Pharmacy, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nallapadu-522001, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India;
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Li G, Zheng Y, Yao J, Hu L, Liu Q, Ke F, Feng W, Zhao Y, Yan P, He W, Deng H, Qiu P, Li W, Wu J. Design and Green Synthesis of Piperlongumine Analogs and Their Antioxidant Activity against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4545-4557. [PMID: 31491086 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The supplementation of exogenous antioxidants to scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an effective treatment for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in stroke. Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid, has a great potential as a neuroprotective agent, but it also has obvious toxicity. Moreover, its neuroprotective effects remain to be improved. In this study, we designed a series of novel PL analogs by hybridizing the screened low-toxicity diketene skeleton with antioxidant effect and the 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl group, which may increase the antioxidant activity of PL. The intermediate was synthesized by a novel green synthesis method, and 34 compounds were obtained. The compounds without obvious cytotoxicity have remarkable antioxidant effects, especially compared with diketene skeletons and PL. The cytoprotection of the active compound decreased significantly by reduction of the carbon-carbon double bonds of the Michael acceptor in the diketene skeleton. More importantly, further study revealed that compound A9, which has the best activity, can confer protection for cells against oxidative stress and attenuate brain injury in vivo. Overall, this study provided a promising drug candidate for the treatment of CIRI and guided the further development of drug research in oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Yuantie Zheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Jiali Yao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Linya Hu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Qunpeng Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Furong Ke
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Weixiao Feng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
- Department of Periodontics, Hospital & School of Stomatology , Wenzhou Medical University , No. 373 West Xueyuan Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Pencheng Yan
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Wenfei He
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Periodontics, Hospital & School of Stomatology , Wenzhou Medical University , No. 373 West Xueyuan Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Peihong Qiu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Wulan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
| | - Jianzhang Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325035 , China
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Chaudhry F, Asif N, Naureen S, Munawar MA, Khan MA. On Efficient Synthesis, X‐Ray Analysis and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity of Pyrazolone‐Based
trans
‐Chalcones. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Chaudhry
- Institute of the ChemistryQuaid-e-Azam CampusUniversity of the Punjab Lahore- 54590 Pakistan
- Department of ChemistryKinnaird College for Women Lahore 93-Jail Road Lahore- 54000 Pakistan
| | - Nadia Asif
- Institute of the ChemistryQuaid-e-Azam CampusUniversity of the Punjab Lahore- 54590 Pakistan
| | - Sadia Naureen
- Institute of the ChemistryQuaid-e-Azam CampusUniversity of the Punjab Lahore- 54590 Pakistan
| | - Munawar Ali Munawar
- Institute of the ChemistryQuaid-e-Azam CampusUniversity of the Punjab Lahore- 54590 Pakistan
| | - Misbahul Ain Khan
- Institute of the ChemistryQuaid-e-Azam CampusUniversity of the Punjab Lahore- 54590 Pakistan
- Department of Chemistrythe Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan
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58
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Lin Y, Zhang M, Lu Q, Xie J, Wu J, Chen C. A novel chalcone derivative exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects after acute lung injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7805-7816. [PMID: 31553308 PMCID: PMC6781971 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We explored the effects of compound 33, a synthetic chalcone derivative with antioxidant activity, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Compound 33, dexamethasone or vehicle was administered intragastrically to mice 6 h before intratracheal instillation of LPS. After 24 h, the effects of compound 33 on alveolar structural damage were evaluated by assessing lung morphology and the wet/dry weight ratio. Protein and proinflammatory cytokine levels and superoxide dismutase activity were also examined in the cell free supernatant of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of compound 33 in vitro and its effects on the MAPK/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Pretreatment with compound 33 prevented LPS-induced structural damage, tissue edema, protein exudation, and overproduction of proinflammatory mediators. The effects of compound 33 were similar to or greater in magnitude than those of the positive control, dexamethasone. Moreover, compound 33 exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in vitro by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Compound 33 may therefore be a promising candidate treatment for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Qingdi Lu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
| | - Jingwen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
| | - Jianzhang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of cinnamic acid derivatives with synergetic neuroprotection and angiogenesis effect. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111695. [PMID: 31541868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As for complex brain diseases involved with multiple pathogenic factors, it is extremely difficult to achieve curative effect by acting on a single target. Multi-approach drugs provide a promising prospect in the treatment of complex brain diseases and have been attracting more and more interest. Enlightened by synergetic effect of combination in traditional herb medicines, forty-two novel cinnamic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing capsaicin and/or ligustrazine moieties to enhance biological activities in both neurological function and neurovascular protection. Elevated levels of cell viability on human brain microvascular endothelium cell line (HBMEC-2) and human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) against free radical injury were observed in most of compounds. Among them, compound 14a exhibited the most potent activities with a significant EC50 value of 3.26 ± 0.16 μM (HBMEC-2) and 2.41 ± 0.10 μM (SH-SY5Y). Subsequently, the results of morphological staining and flow cytometry analysis experiments on both cell lines showed that 14a had the potential to block apoptosis, maintain cell morphological integrity and protect physiological function of mitochondria. Moreover, 14a displayed specific angiogenesis effect in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay; and the results of RT-PCR suggested that the mechanism for angiogenesis effect was associated with the enhancement of the expressions of VEGFR2 mRNA in chick embryo. Preliminary structure-activity relationship was analyzed. The above evidences suggested that conjunctures gained by combining active ingredients in traditional herb medicines deserved further study and might provide references in discovering dual-effective lead compounds for brain diseases.
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60
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Lin Y, Huang G, Jin Y, Fang M, Lin D. Effects and mechanism of urinary kallidinogenase in the survival of random skin flaps in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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61
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Engelbrecht I, Petzer JP, Petzer A. Evaluation of Selected Natural Compounds as Dual Inhibitors of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase and Monoamine Oxidase. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:133-145. [PMID: 31258092 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190619090852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The most effective symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease remains
the metabolic precursor of dopamine, L-dopa. To enhance the efficacy of L-dopa, it is often combined
with inhibitors of the enzymes, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase
(MAO) B, key metabolic enzymes of L-dopa and dopamine.
Objective:
This study attempted to discover compounds that exhibit dual inhibition of COMT and
MAO-B among a library of 40 structurally diverse natural compounds. Such dual acting inhibitors
may be effective as adjuncts to L-dopa and offer enhanced value in the management of Parkinson’s
disease.
Methods:
Selected natural compounds were evaluated as in vitro inhibitors of rat liver COMT and
recombinant human MAO. Reversibility of MAO inhibition was investigated by dialysis.
Results:
Among the natural compounds morin (IC50 = 1.32 µM), chlorogenic acid (IC50 = 6.17 µM),
(+)-catechin (IC50 = 0.86 µM), alizarin (IC50 = 0.88 µM), fisetin (IC50 = 5.78 µM) and rutin (IC50 =
25.3 µM) exhibited COMT inhibition. Among these active COMT inhibitors only morin (IC50 = 16.2
µM), alizarin (IC50 = 8.16 µM) and fisetin (IC50 = 7.33 µM) were noteworthy MAO inhibitors, with
specificity for MAO-A.
Conclusion:
None of the natural products investigated here are dual COMT/MAO-B inhibitors.
However, good potency COMT inhibitors have been identified, which may serve as leads for future
development of COMT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalet Engelbrecht
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jacobus P. Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Anél Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Son YJ, Lee K, Kim BH. Gender Differences in the Association between Frailty, Cognitive Impairment, and Self-Care Behaviors Among Older Adults with Atrial Fibrillation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132387. [PMID: 31284406 PMCID: PMC6651572 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), common in older adults, increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Self-care behaviors help avoid adverse events in older patients with AF. However, while frailty and cognitive impairment can contribute to poor self-care behaviors, few studies have explored these relationships in older adults with AF. This cross-sectional study aims to determine associations between frailty, cognitive impairment, and self-care behaviors among older adults with AF by gender. A total of 298 patients with AF aged 60 and over were assessed with a self-reported questionnaire consisting of the Korean version of the FRAIL scale, modified mini-mental state examination, and self-care scale for AF. Prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in men and women was around 11% and 48.4% and 28% and 47.4%, respectively. According to the hierarchical linear regression analysis, in men, prefrailty (β = -2.874, p = 0.013) and frailty (β = -7.698, p < 0.001) were associated with self-care behaviors; in women, frailty (β = -5.476, p = 0.003), and cognitive impairment (β = -3.350, p = 0.044) were associated with self-care behaviors. Developing individualized care plans will require periodic screening of older patients with AF to determine their frailty status and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Jung Son
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kyounghoon Lee
- College of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
| | - Bo-Hwan Kim
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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