51
|
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of large arteries and a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Chronic inflammation, aberrant immune response, and disturbances to key enzymes involved with lipid metabolism are characteristic features of atherosclerosis. Apart from targeting the derangements in lipid metabolism, therapeutic modulation to regulate chronic inflammation and the immune system response may prove to be very promising strategies in the management of atherosclerosis. In recent years, various targets have been studied for the treatment of atherosclerosis. PCSK9, a serine protease, actively targets the LDL-R and causes lysosomal degradation, which leads to excessive accumulation of LDL-C. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) affects the adaptive and innate immune response, respectively, and thus, therapeutic intervention of either of these targets would directly modulate disease progression. Advanced atherosclerotic lesions are characterized by an accumulation of apoptotic cells. Cluster of differentiation-47 (CD47), an anti-phagocytic known as the "don't eat me" signaling molecule, inhibits efferocytosis, which causes accumulation of cell debris in plaque. ADAMTS and Notch signaling potentially affect the formation of neointima by modulation of extracellular matrix components such as macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. This review provides insights on the molecular targets for therapeutic intervention of atherosclerosis, their effect at various stages of atherosclerosis development, and the therapies that have been designed and currently being evaluated in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Solanki
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Abstract
Cellular senescence, previously thought of as an autonomous tumour suppressor mechanism, is emerging as a phenotype and effector present throughout the life of an organism from embryogenesis to senile decline. Senescent cells have powerful non-autonomous effects upon multiple players within their microenvironment mainly through their secretory phenotype. How senescent cells co-ordinate numerous, sometimes functionally contrasting outputs through their secretome had previously been unclear. The Notch pathway, originally identified for its involvement in Drosophila wing development, has more recently been found to underpin diverse effects in human cancer. Here we discuss recent findings that suggest that Notch is intimately involved in the development of senescence and how it acts to co-ordinate the composition and functional effects of the senescence secretome. We also highlight the complex physical and functional interplay between Notch and p53, critical to both senescence and cancer. Understanding the interplay between Notch, p53 and senescence could allow us develop the therapeutics of the future for cancer and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hoare
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Masashi Narita
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Control of Blood Vessel Formation by Notch Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1066:319-338. [PMID: 30030834 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels span throughout the body to nourish tissue cells and to provide gateways for immune surveillance. Endothelial cells that line capillaries have the remarkable capacity to be quiescent for years but to switch rapidly into the activated state once new blood vessels need to be formed. In addition, endothelial cells generate niches for progenitor and tumor cells and provide organ-specific paracrine (angiocrine) factors that control organ development and regeneration, maintenance of homeostasis and tumor progression. Recent data indicate a pivotal role for blood vessels in responding to metabolic changes and that endothelial cell metabolism is a novel regulator of angiogenesis. The Notch pathway is the central signaling mode that cooperates with VEGF, WNT, BMP, TGF-β, angiopoietin signaling and cell metabolism to orchestrate angiogenesis, tip/stalk cell selection and arteriovenous specification. Here, we summarize the current knowledge and implications regarding the complex roles of Notch signaling during physiological and tumor angiogenesis, the dynamic nature of tip/stalk cell selection in the nascent vessel sprout and arteriovenous differentiation. Furthermore, we shed light on recent work on endothelial cell metabolism, perfusion-independent angiocrine functions of endothelial cells in organ-specific vascular beds and how manipulation of Notch signaling may be used to target the tumor vasculature.
Collapse
|
54
|
Shi H, Liang M, Chen W, Sun X, Wang X, Li C, Yang Y, Yang Z, Zeng W. Human induced pluripotent stem cell‑derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate atherosclerosis by modulating inflammatory responses. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1461-1468. [PMID: 29257199 PMCID: PMC5780084 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been a reported method for alleviating atherosclerosis (AS). Because the availability of bone marrow‑derived MSCs (BM‑MSCs) is limited, the authors used this study to explore the use of a new type of MSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell‑derived MSCs (iPSC‑MSCs), to evaluate whether these cells could alleviate AS. iPSC‑MSCs were intravenously administered to ApoE knock out mice fed on a high‑fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. It was reported that systematically administering iPSC‑MSCs clearly reduced the size of plaques. In addition, the numbers of macrophages and lipids in plaques were lower in the HFD + iPSC‑MSCs group than in the HFD group. Furthermore, iPSC‑MSCs attenuated AS‑associated inflammation by decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑6, in serum. In addition, the expression of Notch1 was higher in the HFD group, and injecting iPSC‑MSCs reversed this effect. In conclusion, the current study provides the first evidence indicating that iPSC‑MSCs may be a new optional MSC‑based strategy for treating AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat‑sen Cardiovascular Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Weiyan Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiuting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Chenghsun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhisheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wutao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Ito Y, Hoare M, Narita M. Spatial and Temporal Control of Senescence. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 27:820-832. [PMID: 28822679 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an autonomous tumor suppressor mechanism leading to stable cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells are highly secretory, driving a range of different functions through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Recent findings have suggested that the composition of the SASP is dynamically and spatially regulated and that the changing composition of the SASP can determine the beneficial and detrimental aspects of the senescence program, tipping the balance to either an immunosuppressive/profibrotic environment or proinflammatory/fibrolytic state. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the temporal and spatial regulation of the SASP and the novel finding of NOTCH signaling as a regulator of SASP composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ito
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Matthew Hoare
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Masashi Narita
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Tian DY, Jin XR, Zeng X, Wang Y. Notch Signaling in Endothelial Cells: Is It the Therapeutic Target for Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081615. [PMID: 28757591 PMCID: PMC5578007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels respond to injury through a healing process that includes neointimal hyperplasia. The vascular endothelium is a monolayer of cells that separates the outer vascular wall from the inner circulating blood. The disruption and exposure of endothelial cells (ECs) to subintimal components initiate the neointimal formation. ECs not only act as a highly selective barrier to prevent early pathological changes of neointimal hyperplasia, but also synthesize and release molecules to maintain vascular homeostasis. After vascular injury, ECs exhibit varied responses, including proliferation, regeneration, apoptosis, phenotypic switching, interacting with other cells by direct contact or secreted molecules and the change of barrier function. This brief review presents the functional role of the evolutionarily-conserved Notch pathway in neointimal hyperplasia, notably by regulating endothelial cell functions (proliferation, regeneration, apoptosis, differentiation, cell-cell interaction). Understanding endothelial cell biology should help us define methods to prompt cell proliferation, prevent cell apoptosis and dysfunction, block neointimal hyperplasia and vessel narrowing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yuan Tian
- Trainee Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xu-Rui Jin
- Trainee Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Rodriguez-Vita J, Fischer A. Notch1 induces endothelial senescence and promotes tumor progression. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:911-912. [PMID: 28426366 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1316575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rodriguez-Vita
- a Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270) , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Andreas Fischer
- a Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270) , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,b Vascular Biology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim , Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany.,c Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry , Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Rodriguez-Vita J, Fischer A. Notch signaling facilitates crossing of endothelial barriers by tumor cells. Mol Cell Oncol 2017; 4:e1311828. [PMID: 28616587 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2017.1311828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels supply tumor cells with oxygen and nutrients and provide the basis for metastatic dissemination. In addition, endothelial cells can provide factors that orchestrate the behavior of tumor cells. Here, we expand upon our previous findings that link activation of Notch signaling in the endothelium to cellular senescence, weakening of cell junctions, and expression of adhesion molecules, which facilitates tumor and immune cell migration across the vessel wall and homing at distant sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rodriguez-Vita
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Vascular Biology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Wieland E, Rodriguez-Vita J, Liebler SS, Mogler C, Moll I, Herberich SE, Espinet E, Herpel E, Menuchin A, Chang-Claude J, Hoffmeister M, Gebhardt C, Brenner H, Trumpp A, Siebel CW, Hecker M, Utikal J, Sprinzak D, Fischer A. Endothelial Notch1 Activity Facilitates Metastasis. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:355-367. [PMID: 28238683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) provide angiocrine factors orchestrating tumor progression. Here, we show that activated Notch1 receptors (N1ICD) are frequently observed in ECs of human carcinomas and melanoma, and in ECs of the pre-metastatic niche in mice. EC N1ICD expression in melanoma correlated with shorter progression-free survival. Sustained N1ICD activity induced EC senescence, expression of chemokines and the adhesion molecule VCAM1. This promoted neutrophil infiltration, tumor cell (TC) adhesion to the endothelium, intravasation, lung colonization, and postsurgical metastasis. Thus, sustained vascular Notch signaling facilitates metastasis by generating a senescent, pro-inflammatory endothelium. Consequently, treatment with Notch1 or VCAM1-blocking antibodies prevented Notch-driven metastasis, and genetic ablation of EC Notch signaling inhibited peritoneal neutrophil infiltration in an ovarian carcinoma mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elfriede Wieland
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan Rodriguez-Vita
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven S Liebler
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Vascular Biology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Vascular Oncology and Metastasis (A190), German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iris Moll
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie E Herberich
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Vascular Biology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elisa Espinet
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer (A010), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Herpel
- Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amitai Menuchin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology (C020), German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Research Group Genetic Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research (C070), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology (G300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research (C070), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer (A010), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V. (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology (G300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Sprinzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Vascular Biology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hoare
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masashi Narita
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Ruan ZB, Fu XL, Li W, Ye J, Wang RZ, Zhu L. Effect of notch1,2,3 genes silicing on NF-κB signaling pathway of macrophages in patients with atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:666-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
62
|
Nakano T, Fukuda D, Koga JI, Aikawa M. Delta-Like Ligand 4-Notch Signaling in Macrophage Activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2038-47. [PMID: 27562914 PMCID: PMC5033717 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.306926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway regulates the development of various cell types and organs, and also contributes to disease mechanisms in adults. Accumulating evidence suggests its role in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Notch signaling components also control the phenotype of immune cells. Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) of the Notch pathway promotes proinflammatory activation of macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Dll4 blockade attenuates chronic atherosclerosis, vein graft disease, vascular calcification, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice. The Dll4-Notch axis may, thus, participate in the shared mechanisms for cardiometabolic disorders, serving as a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating these global health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakano
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jun-Ichiro Koga
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Liu L, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhang Z, Du Y, Zhao H. Analysis of gene expression profile identifies potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3052-8. [PMID: 27573188 PMCID: PMC5042771 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis via analysis of gene expression profiles. The microarray dataset no. GSE20129 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. A total of 118 samples from the peripheral blood of female patients was used, including 47 atherosclerotic and 71 non‑atherosclerotic patients. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the atherosclerosis samples were identified using the Limma package. Gene ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses for DEGs were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery tool. The recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm was applied for feature selection via iterative classification, and support vector machine classifier was used for the validation of prediction accuracy. A total of 430 DEGs in the atherosclerosis samples were identified, including 149 up‑ and 281 downregulated genes. Subsequently, the RFE algorithm was used to identify 11 biomarkers, whose receiver operating characteristic curves had an area under curve of 0.92, indicating that the identified 11 biomarkers were representative. The present study indicated that APH1B, JAM3, FBLN2, CSAD and PSTPIP2 may have important roles in the progression of atherosclerosis in females and may be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis as well as treatment targets for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luran Liu
- Department of Neurology and
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology and
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
64
|
Karamzadeh R, Baghaban Eslaminejad M, Sharifi-Zarchi A. Comparative In Vitro Evaluation of Human Dental Pulp and Follicle Stem Cell Commitment. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:609-618. [PMID: 28042545 PMCID: PMC5086339 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective Pulp and periodontal tissues are well-known sources of mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) that provide a promising place in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The
molecular mechanisms underlying commitment and differentiation of dental stem cells that originate from different dental tissues are not fully understood. In this study, we have compared the
expression levels of pluripotency factors along with immunological and developmentally-related
markers in the culture of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), human dental follicle stem
cells (hDFSCs), and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, isolated human dental stem cells
were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunostaining,
and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Additionally, we conducted gene ontology
(GO) analysis of differentially expressed genes and compared them between dental stem
cells and pluripotent stem cells.
Results The results demonstrated that pluripotency (OCT4 and SOX2) and immunological
(IL-6 and TLR4) factors had higher expressions in hDFSCs, with the exception of the JAGGED-1/NOTCH1 ratio, c-MYC and NESTIN which expressed more in hDPSCs. Immunostaining of
OCT4, SOX2 and c-MYC showed cytoplasmic and nucleus localization in both groups at
similar passages. GO analysis showed that the majority of hDFSCs and hDPSCs populations
were in the synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases of the cell cycle, respectively.
Conclusion This study showed different status of heterogeneous hDPSCs and hDFSCs
in terms of stemness, differentiation fate, and cell cycle phases. Therefore, the different
behaviors of dental stem cells should be considered based on clinical treatment variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Karamzadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi-Zarchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Nus M, Martínez-Poveda B, MacGrogan D, Chevre R, D'Amato G, Sbroggio M, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J, Andrés V, Hidalgo A, de la Pompa JL. Endothelial Jag1-RBPJ signalling promotes inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:568-580. [PMID: 27496872 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the role of NOTCH during the arterial injury response and the subsequent chronic arterial-wall inflammation underlying atherosclerosis. Methods and results We have generated a mouse model of endothelial-specific (Cdh5-driven) depletion of the Notch effector recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) [(ApoE-/-); homozygous RBPJk conditional mice (RBPJflox/flox); Cadherin 5-CreERT, tamoxifen inducible driver mice (Cdh5-CreERT)]. Endothelial-specific deletion of RBPJ or systemic deletion of Notch1 in athero-susceptible ApoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks resulted in reduced atherosclerosis in the aortic arch and sinus. Intravital microscopy revealed decreased leucocyte rolling on the endothelium of ApoE-/-; RBPJflox/flox; Cdh5-CreERT mice, correlating with a lowered content of leucocytes and macrophages in the vascular wall. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of proinflammatory and endothelial activation pathways in atherosclerotic tissue of RBPJ-mutant mice. During normal Notch activation, Jagged1 signalling up-regulation in endothelial cells promotes nuclear translocation of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) and its physical interaction with nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). This N1ICD-NF-κB interaction is required for reciprocal transactivation of target genes, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Conclusions Notch signalling pathway inactivation decreases leucocyte rolling, thereby preventing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Attenuation of Notch signalling might provide a treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Nus
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, West Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Donal MacGrogan
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Chevre
- Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaetano D'Amato
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauro Sbroggio
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB Sant Pau. Sant Antoni María Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB Sant Pau. Sant Antoni María Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Imaging Cardiovascular Inflammation and the Immune Response Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstr. 9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Zhu G, Yi X, Haferkamp S, Hesbacher S, Li C, Goebeler M, Gao T, Houben R, Schrama D. Combination with γ-secretase inhibitor prolongs treatment efficacy of BRAF inhibitor in BRAF-mutated melanoma cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 376:43-52. [PMID: 27000992 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic triggering of the MAPK pathway in melanocytes results in senescence, and senescence escape is considered as one critical step for melanocytic transformation. In melanoma, induction of a senescent-like state by BRAF-inhibitors (BRAFi) in a fraction of treated cells - instead of killing - contributes to the repression of tumor growth, but may also provide a source for relapse. Here, we demonstrate that NOTCH activation in melanocytes is not only growth-promoting but it also protects these cells against oncogene-induced senescence. In turn, treatment of melanoma cells with an inhibitor of the NOTCH-activating enzyme γ-secretase led to induction of a senescent-like status in a fraction of the cells but overall achieved only a moderate inhibition of melanoma cell growth. However, combination of γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) with BRAFi markedly increased the treatment efficacy particularly in long-term culture. Moreover, even melanoma cells starting to regrow after continuous BRAFi treatment - the major problem of BRAFi therapy in patients - can still be affected by the combination treatment. Thus, combining GSI with BRAFi increases the therapeutic efficacy by, at least partially, prolonging the senescent-like state of treated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Sonja Hesbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Roland Houben
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Zhang B, Sirsjö A, Khalaf H, Bengtsson T. Transcriptional profiling of human smooth muscle cells infected with gingipain and fimbriae mutants of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21911. [PMID: 26907358 PMCID: PMC4764818 DOI: 10.1038/srep21911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is considered to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the role of different virulence factors produced by P. gingivalis in this process is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the transcriptional profiling of human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) infected with wild type, gingipain mutants or fimbriae mutants of P. gingivalis. AoSMCs were exposed to wild type (W50 and 381), gingipain mutants (E8 and K1A), or fimbriae mutants (DPG-3 and KRX-178) of P. gingivalis. We observed that wild type P. gingivalis changes the expression of a considerable larger number of genes in AoSMCs compare to gingipain and fimbriae mutants, respectively. The results from pathway analysis revealed that the common differentially expressed genes for AoSMCs infected by 3 different wild type P. gingivalis strains were enriched in pathways of cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathway. Disease ontology analysis showed that various strains of P. gingivalis were associated with different disease profilings. Our results suggest that gingipains and fimbriae, especially arginine-specific gingipain, produced by P. gingivalis play important roles in the association between periodontitis and other inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boxi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Allan Sirsjö
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Hazem Khalaf
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Yin H, Pickering JG. Cellular Senescence and Vascular Disease: Novel Routes to Better Understanding and Therapy. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32:612-23. [PMID: 27040096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a definable fate of cells within aging, diseased, and remodelling tissues. The traditional hallmark of cellular senescence is permanent cell cycle arrest but the senescent state is also accompanied by secretion of proteins that can reinforce the senescent phenotype and adversely affect the local tissue environment. Assessment for cellular markers of senescence has revealed the existence of senescent smooth muscle cells and senescent endothelial cells in vessels of patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension. This raises the possibility that cellular senescence might contribute to the initiation or progression of vascular disease. Potential disease-promoting pathways include blunted replicative reserve, reduced nitric oxide production, and increased cellular stiffness. Moreover, the secretory phenotype of senescent vascular cells might promote vascular degeneration through chronic inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation. Slowing of vascular cell aging and selective clearing of cells that have become senescent are emerging as exciting possibilities for controlling vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yin
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Geoffrey Pickering
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology), Biochemistry, and Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Koenraadt WMC, Tokmaji G, DeRuiter MC, Vliegen HW, Scholte AJHA, Siebelink HMJ, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, de Graaf MA, Wolterbeek R, Mulder BJ, Bouma BJ, Schalij MJ, Jongbloed MRM. Coronary anatomy as related to bicuspid aortic valve morphology. Heart 2016; 102:943-9. [PMID: 26864668 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variable coronary anatomy has been described in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs). This was never specified to BAV morphology, and prognostic relevance of coronary vessel dominance in this patient group is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate valve morphology in relation to coronary artery anatomy and outcome in patients with isolated BAV and with associated aortic coarctation (CoA). METHODS Coronary anatomy was evaluated in 186 patients with BAV (141 men (79%), 51±14 years) by CT and invasive coronary angiography. Correlation of coronary anatomy was made with BAV morphology and coronary events. RESULTS Strictly bicuspid valves (without raphe) with left-right cusp fusion (type 1B) had more left dominant coronary systems compared with BAVs with left-right cusp fusion with a raphe (type 1A) (48% vs. 26%, p=0.047) and showed more separate ostia (28% vs. 9%, p=0.016). Type 1B BAVs had more coronary artery disease than patients with type 1A BAV (36% vs. 19%, p=0.047). More left dominance was seen in BAV patients with CoA than in patients without (65% vs. 24%, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of a left dominant coronary artery system and separate ostia was significantly related to BAVs with left-right fusion without a raphe (type 1B). These patients more often had significant coronary artery disease. In patients with BAV and CoA, left dominancy is more common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilke M C Koenraadt
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - George Tokmaji
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hubert W Vliegen
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur J H A Scholte
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Michiel A de Graaf
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wolterbeek
- Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara J Mulder
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berto J Bouma
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Schalij
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique R M Jongbloed
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Kida Y, Goligorsky MS. Sirtuins, Cell Senescence, and Vascular Aging. Can J Cardiol 2015; 32:634-41. [PMID: 26948035 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The sirtuins (SIRTs) constitute a class of proteins with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase or adenosine diphosphate-ribosyltransferase activity. Seven SIRT family members have been identified in mammals, from SIRT1, the best studied for its role in vascular aging, to SIRT7. SIRT1 and SIRT2 are localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are mitochondrial, and SIRT6 and SIRT7 are nuclear. Extensive studies have clearly revealed that SIRT proteins regulate diverse cell functions and responses to stressors. Vascular aging involves the aging process (senescence) of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Two types of cell senescence have been identified: (1) replicative senescence with telomere attrition; and (2) stress-induced premature senescence without telomere involvement. Both types of senescence induce vascular cell growth arrest and loss of vascular homeostasis, and contribute to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Previous mechanistic studies have revealed in detail that SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 show protective functions against vascular aging, and definite vascular function of other SIRTs is under investigation. Thus, direct SIRT modulation and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide stimulation of SIRT are promising candidates for cardiovascular disease therapy. A small number of pilot studies have been conducted to assess SIRT modulation in humans. These clinical studies have not yet provided convincing evidence that SIRT proteins alleviate morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The outcomes of multiple ongoing clinical trials are awaited to define the efficacy of SIRT modulators and SIRT activators in cardiovascular diseases, along with the potential adverse effects of chronic SIRT modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kida
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Physiology, Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
| | - Michael S Goligorsky
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Physiology, Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Donato AJ, Morgan RG, Walker AE, Lesniewski LA. Cellular and molecular biology of aging endothelial cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:122-35. [PMID: 25655936 PMCID: PMC4522407 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and aging is a major risk factor for CVD development. One of the major age-related arterial phenotypes thought to be responsible for the development of CVD in older adults is endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial function is modulated by traditional CVD risk factors in young adults, but advancing age is independently associated with the development of vascular endothelial dysfunction. This endothelial dysfunction results from a reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability downstream of endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation that can be further modulated by traditional CVD risk factors in older adults. Greater endothelial oxidative stress with aging is a result of augmented production from the intracellular enzymes NADPH oxidase and uncoupled eNOS, as well as from mitochondrial respiration in the absence of appropriate increases in antioxidant defenses as regulated by relevant transcription factors, such as FOXO. Interestingly, it appears that NFkB, a critical inflammatory transcription factor, is sensitive to this age-related endothelial redox change and its activation induces transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can further suppress endothelial function, thus creating a vicious feed-forward cycle. This review will discuss the two macro-mechanistic processes, oxidative stress and inflammation, that contribute to endothelial dysfunction with advancing age as well as the cellular and molecular events that lead to the vicious cycle of inflammation and oxidative stress in the aged endothelium. Other potential mediators of this pro-inflammatory endothelial phenotype are increases in immune or senescent cells in the vasculature. Of note, genomic instability, telomere dysfunction or DNA damage has been shown to trigger cell senescence via the p53/p21 pathway and result in increased inflammatory signaling in arteries from older adults. This review will discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the emerging concepts of senescence and genomic instability as mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and inflammation in the aged endothelium. Lastly, energy sensitive/stress resistance pathways (SIRT-1, AMPK, mTOR) are altered in endothelial cells and/or arteries with aging and these pathways may modulate endothelial function via key oxidative stress and inflammation-related transcription factors. This review will also discuss what is known about the role of "energy sensing" longevity pathways in modulating endothelial function with advancing age. With the growing population of older adults, elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction with age is critical to establishing appropriate and measured strategies to utilize pharmacological and lifestyle interventions aimed at alleviating CVD risk. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "SI: CV Aging".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Donato
- University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Veteran's Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - R Garrett Morgan
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ashley E Walker
- University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lisa A Lesniewski
- University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Veteran's Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Briot A, Civelek M, Seki A, Hoi K, Mack JJ, Lee SD, Kim J, Hong C, Yu J, Fishbein GA, Vakili L, Fogelman AM, Fishbein MC, Lusis AJ, Tontonoz P, Navab M, Berliner JA, Iruela-Arispe ML. Endothelial NOTCH1 is suppressed by circulating lipids and antagonizes inflammation during atherosclerosis. J Exp Med 2015; 212:2147-63. [PMID: 26552708 PMCID: PMC4647265 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Briot et al. show that inflammatory lipids deriving from a high-fat diet suppress NOTCH1 expression and signaling in adult arterial endothelium and propose that reduction of endothelial NOTCH1 is a predisposing factor in the onset of atherosclerosis. Although much progress has been made in identifying the mechanisms that trigger endothelial activation and inflammatory cell recruitment during atherosclerosis, less is known about the intrinsic pathways that counteract these events. Here we identified NOTCH1 as an antagonist of endothelial cell (EC) activation. NOTCH1 was constitutively expressed by adult arterial endothelium, but levels were significantly reduced by high-fat diet. Furthermore, treatment of human aortic ECs (HAECs) with inflammatory lipids (oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [Ox-PAPC]) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF and IL1β) decreased Notch1 expression and signaling in vitro through a mechanism that requires STAT3 activation. Reduction of NOTCH1 in HAECs by siRNA, in the absence of inflammatory lipids or cytokines, increased inflammatory molecules and binding of monocytes. Conversely, some of the effects mediated by Ox-PAPC were reversed by increased NOTCH1 signaling, suggesting a link between lipid-mediated inflammation and Notch1. Interestingly, reduction of NOTCH1 by Ox-PAPC in HAECs was associated with a genetic variant previously correlated to high-density lipoprotein in a human genome-wide association study. Finally, endothelial Notch1 heterozygous mice showed higher diet-induced atherosclerosis. Based on these findings, we propose that reduction of endothelial NOTCH1 is a predisposing factor in the onset of vascular inflammation and initiation of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Briot
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Atsuko Seki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Karen Hoi
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Julia J Mack
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Stephen D Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Jason Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Cynthia Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Gregory A Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ladan Vakili
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Alan M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Michael C Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Mohamad Navab
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Judith A Berliner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - M Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Microvesicles, in general, and exosomes together with their delivered content in particular, are now being widely recognized as key players in atherosclerosis. We have previously reviewed the role of microvesicles in atherosclerosis pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Here, we focus on the roles of exosomes and discuss their emergent role in mediating activation and response to inflammation, vessel infiltration and induction of coagulation. We will finally give an outlook to discuss novel detection techniques and systems biology based data analyses to investigate exosome-mediated cell-to-cell communication. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research points to a role of exosomes in delivering apoptotic and inflammatory content between blood cells and vascular cells, with a potential contribution of exosomes secreted by adipose tissue. An atheroprotective role of exosomes in response to coagulation that may contrast with the procoagulatory role of platelet-derived larger microvesicles is envisaged. New detection and separation methods and systems biology techniques are emerging. CONCLUSION We project that the development of novel detection, separation and analysis mechanism and systems-based analysis methods will further unravel the paracrine and endocrine 'communication protocol' between cellular players in atherosclerosis, mediating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich J. Huber
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit
- Cardiovascular Systems Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Holvoet
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Kagawa S, Natsuizaka M, Whelan KA, Facompre N, Naganuma S, Ohashi S, Kinugasa H, Egloff AM, Basu D, Gimotty PA, Klein-Szanto AJ, Bass A, Wong KK, Diehl JA, Rustgi AK, Nakagawa H. Cellular senescence checkpoint function determines differential Notch1-dependent oncogenic and tumor-suppressor activities. Oncogene 2015; 34:2347-59. [PMID: 24931169 PMCID: PMC4268095 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Notch activity regulates tumor biology in a context-dependent and complex manner. Notch may act as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene even within the same tumor type. Recently, Notch signaling has been implicated in cellular senescence. Yet, it remains unclear as to how cellular senescence checkpoint functions may interact with Notch-mediated oncogenic and tumor-suppressor activities. Herein, we used genetically engineered human esophageal keratinocytes and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells to delineate the functional consequences of Notch activation and inhibition along with pharmacological intervention and RNA interference experiments. When expressed in a tetracycline-inducible manner, the ectopically expressed activated form of Notch1 (ICN1) displayed oncogene-like characteristics inducing cellular senescence corroborated by the induction of G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, Rb dephosphorylation, flat and enlarged cell morphology and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Notch-induced senescence involves canonical CSL/RBPJ-dependent transcriptional activity and the p16(INK4A)-Rb pathway. Loss of p16(INK4A) or the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogene products not only prevented ICN1 from inducing senescence but permitted ICN1 to facilitate anchorage-independent colony formation and xenograft tumor growth with increased cell proliferation and reduced squamous-cell differentiation. Moreover, Notch1 appears to mediate replicative senescence as well as transforming growth factor-β-induced cellular senescence in non-transformed cells and that HPV E6/E7 targets Notch1 for inactivation to prevent senescence, revealing a tumor-suppressor attribute of endogenous Notch1. In aggregate, cellular senescence checkpoint functions may influence dichotomous Notch activities in the neoplastic context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kagawa
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mitsuteru Natsuizaka
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kelly A. Whelan
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole Facompre
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Seiji Naganuma
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shinya Ohashi
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kinugasa
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ann Marie Egloff
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Devraj Basu
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Phyllis A. Gimotty
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Biostatistics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Adam Bass
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - J. Alan Diehl
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anil K. Rustgi
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Mu X, Tang Y, Lu A, Takayama K, Usas A, Wang B, Weiss K, Huard J. The role of Notch signaling in muscle progenitor cell depletion and the rapid onset of histopathology in muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2923-37. [PMID: 25678553 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it has been speculated that stem cell depletion plays a role in the rapid progression of the muscle histopathology associated with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for stem cell depletion remain poorly understood. The rapid depletion of muscle stem cells has not been observed in the dystrophin-deficient model of DMD (mdx mouse), which may explain the relatively mild dystrophic phenotype observed in this animal model. In contrast, we have observed a rapid occurrence of stem cell depletion in the dystrophin/utrophin double knockout (dKO) mouse model, which exhibits histopathological features that more closely recapitulate the phenotype observed in DMD patients compared with the mdx mouse. Notch signaling has been found to be a key regulator of stem cell self-renewal and myogenesis in normal skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the role that Notch plays in the development of the dystrophic histopathology associated with DMD. Our results revealed an over-activation of Notch in the skeletal muscles of dKO mice, which correlated with sustained inflammation, impaired muscle regeneration and the rapid depletion and senescence of the muscle progenitor cells (MPCs, i.e. Pax7+ cells). Consequently, the repression of Notch in the skeletal muscle of dKO mice delayed/reduced the depletion and senescence of MPCs, and restored the myogenesis capacity while reducing inflammation and fibrosis. We suggest that the down-regulation of Notch could represent a viable approach to reduce the dystrophic histopathologies associated with DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Mu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Koji Takayama
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Arvydas Usas
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kurt Weiss
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Kapoor D, Trikha D, Vijayvergiya R, Kaul D, Dhawan V. Conventional therapies fail to target inflammation and immune imbalance in subjects with stable coronary artery disease: A system-based approach. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:623-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
77
|
Xie R, Huang H, Li W, Chen B, Jiang J, He Y, Lv J, ma B, Zhou Y, Feng C, Chen L, He W. Identifying progression related disease risk modules based on the human subcellular signaling networks. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:3298-309. [PMID: 25315201 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the structure and dynamics of the human signaling network are disturbed in complex diseases such as coronary artery disease, and gene expression profiles can distinguish variations in diseases since they can accurately reflect the status of cells. Integration of subcellular localization and the human signaling network holds promise for providing insight into human diseases. In this study, we performed a novel algorithm to identify progression-related-disease-risk modules (PRDRMs) among patients of different disease states within eleven subcellular sub-networks from a human signaling network. The functional annotation and literature retrieval showed that the PRDRMs were strongly associated with disease pathogenesis. The results indicated that the PRDRM expression values as classification features had a good classification performance to distinguish patients of different disease states. Our approach compared with the method PageRank had a better classification performance. The identification of the PRDRMs in response to the dynamic gene expression change could facilitate our understanding of the pathological basis of complex diseases. Our strategy could provide new insights into the potential use of prognostic biomarkers and the effective guidance of clinical therapy from the human subcellular signaling network perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiang Xie
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wan Y, Gao P, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Hao D, Lian L, Li Y, Chen H, Liu D. SIRT1-mediated epigenetic downregulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 prevents vascular endothelial replicative senescence. Aging Cell 2014; 13:890-9. [PMID: 25040736 PMCID: PMC4331759 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The inactivation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been shown to exert beneficial effects in age-related vascular diseases. Limited information is available on the molecular mechanisms regarding the negatively regulated expression of PAI-1 in the vascular system. In this study, we observed an inverse correlation between SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase, and PAI-1 expression in human atherosclerotic plaques and the aortas of old mice, suggesting that internal negative regulation exists between SIRT1 and PAI-1. SIRT1 overexpression reversed the increased PAI-1 expression in senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and aortas of old mice, accompanied by decreased SA-β-gal activity in vitro and improved endothelial function and reduced arterial stiffness in vivo. Moreover, the SIRT1-mediated inhibition of PAI-1 expression exerted an antisenescence effect in HUVECs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SIRT1 is able to bind to the PAI-1 promoter, resulting in a decrease in the acetylation of histone H4 lysine 16 (H4K16) on the PAI-1 promoter region. Thus, our findings suggest that the SIRT1-mediated epigenetic inhibition of PAI-1 expression exerts a protective effect in vascular endothelial senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Zhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Zhu‐Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - De‐Long Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Li‐Shan Lian
- Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing 100730 China
| | - Yong‐Jun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing 100730 China
| | - Hou‐Zao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - De‐Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Pabois A, Devallière J, Quillard T, Coulon F, Gérard N, Laboisse C, Toquet C, Charreau B. The disintegrin and metalloproteinase ADAM10 mediates a canonical Notch-dependent regulation of IL-6 through Dll4 in human endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 91:510-21. [PMID: 25130545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although the involvement of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase ADAM10 in several areas of vascular biology is now clearly established, its role in vascular inflammation and in Notch signaling at the endothelial level remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that ADAM10 specifically localizes in the CD31(+) endothelial cells (ECs) in normal human cardiac tissues and in cultured primary arterial ECs. In vitro, ADAM10 drives a specific regulation of the Notch pathway in vascular ECs. Using an ADAM10 gain and loss of function approach we show an ADAM10-dependent regulation of Dll1 and Dll4 expression in association with changes in Hes1 and Hey1 expression. We also identified IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and sVCAM-1 as novel targets of ADAM10 upon inflammation. Although Notch pathway does not seem to be required for the production of IL-8, MCP-1 and sVCAM-1, the release of IL-6 by ECs occurred through ADAM10 and a canonical Notch signaling pathway, dependent of γ-secretase activity. Moreover, sustained expression of Dll4 mediated by ADAM10 elicits an increased release of IL-6 suggesting a strong implication of the specific Dll4 signaling in this mechanism. Modulation of IL-6 mediated by ADAM10/Notch signaling required PI3K activity. Thus, our findings suggest that ADAM10/Dll4 signaling is a major signaling pathway in ECs driving inflammatory events involved in inflammation and immune cell recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Pabois
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Julie Devallière
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Thibaut Quillard
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Flora Coulon
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Nathalie Gérard
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Christian Laboisse
- LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Claire Toquet
- LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes F44000, France
| | - Béatrice Charreau
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes F44000, France; CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN, Nantes F44000, France; LUNAM, Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes F44000, France.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Abstract
Age is the greatest risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In addition, inflammation and age (senescence) have been linked at both the clinical and molecular levels. In general, senescent cells have been described as pro-inflammatory based on their senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, we have previously shown that senescence induced by overexpression of SENEX (or ARHGAP18), in endothelial cells results in an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We have investigated, at the individual cellular level, the senescent phenotype of endothelial cells following three of the chief signals associated with ageing; oxidative stress, disturbed flow and hypoxia. All three stimuli induce senescence and, based on neutrophil adhesion and expression of the adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1, a population of senescent cells is seen that is resistant to inflammatory stimuli and thus we define as anti-inflammatory. The proportion of anti-inflammatory cells increases with time but remains stable at approximately 50% by eight days after induction of senescence, suggesting that these are stable phenotypes of endothelial cell senescence. Similar to other senescent cell types, p38MAPK blockade inhibits the development of the pro-inflammatory phenotype but unique to EC, there is a corresponding increase in the number of anti-inflammatory senescent cells. Thus stress-induced senescent endothelial cells display a mosaic of inflammatory phenotypes. The anti-inflammatory population suggests that senescent endothelial cells may have an unique protective role, to inhibit uncontrolled proliferation and to limit the local inflammatory response.
Collapse
|
81
|
Zhang P, Yan X, Chen Y, Yang Z, Han H. Notch signaling in blood vessels: from morphogenesis to homeostasis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:774-80. [PMID: 25104449 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway that plays numerous crucial roles in vascular development and physiology. Compelling evidence indicates that Notch signaling is vital for vascular morphogenesis including arterial and venous differentiation and endothelial tip and stalk cell specification during sprouting angiogenesis and also vessel maturation featured by mural cell differentiation and recruitment. Notch signaling is also required for vascular homeostasis in adults by keeping quiescent phalanx cells from re-entering cell cycle and by modulating the behavior of endothelial progenitor cells. We will summarize recent advances of Notch pathway in vascular biology with special emphasis on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Yoshida Y, Hayashi Y, Suda M, Tateno K, Okada S, Moriya J, Yokoyama M, Nojima A, Yamashita M, Kobayashi Y, Shimizu I, Minamino T. Notch signaling regulates the lifespan of vascular endothelial cells via a p16-dependent pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100359. [PMID: 24950189 PMCID: PMC4065107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling controls cell fate determination and differentiation during development, and is also essential for neovascularization in adults. Although recent studies suggest that the Notch pathway is associated with age-related conditions, it remains unclear whether Notch signaling is involved in vascular aging. Here we show that Notch signaling has a crucial role in endothelial cell senescence. Inhibition of Notch signaling in human endothelial cells induced premature senescence via a p16-dependent pathway. Conversely, over-expression of Notch1 or Jagged1 prolonged the replicative lifespan of endothelial cells. Notch1 positively regulated the expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1) and MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1), while MKP1 further up-regulated Id1 expression by inhibiting p38MAPK-induced protein degradation. Over-expression of Id1 down-regulated p16 expression, thereby inhibiting premature senescence of Notch1-deleted endothelial cells. These findings indicate that Notch1 signaling has a role in the regulation of endothelial cell senescence via a p16-dependent pathway and suggest that activation of Notch1 could be a new therapeutic target for treating age-associated vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tateno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sho Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junji Moriya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aika Nojima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Shan H, Zhang S, Li X, Yu K, Zhao X, Chen X, Jin B, Bai X. Valsartan ameliorates ageing-induced aorta degeneration via angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated ERK activity. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1071-80. [PMID: 24548645 PMCID: PMC4508146 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays important roles in ageing-related disorders through its type 1 receptor (AT1 R). However, the role and underlying mechanisms of AT1R in ageing-related vascular degeneration are not well understood. In this study, 40 ageing rats were randomly divided into two groups: ageing group which received no treatment (ageing control), and valsartan group which took valsartan (selective AT1R blocker) daily for 6 months. 20 young rats were used as adult control. The aorta structure were analysed by histological staining and electron microscopy. Bcl-2/Bax expression in aorta was analysed by immunohistochemical staining, RT-PCR and Western blotting. The expressions of AT1 R, AT2 R and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were detected. Significant structural degeneration of aorta in the ageing rats was observed, and the degeneration was remarkably ameliorated by long-term administration of valsartan. With ageing, the expression of AT1R was elevated, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased and meanwhile, an important subgroup of MAPKs, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity was elevated. However, these changes in ageing rats could be reversed to some extent by valsartan. In vitro experiments observed consistent results as in vivo study. Furthermore, ERK inhibitor could also acquire partial effects as valsartan without affecting AT1R expression. The results indicated that AT1R involved in the ageing-related degeneration of aorta and AT1R-mediated ERK activity was an important mechanism underlying the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HaiYan Shan
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
|
85
|
Kim KS, Kim JE, Choi KJ, Bae S, Kim DH. Characterization of DNA damage-induced cellular senescence by ionizing radiation in endothelial cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 90:71-80. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.859763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
86
|
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease, a global health threat, has been linked to chronic inflammation, in which activated macrophages play a key role. Macrophages are highly heterogeneous hematopoietic cells found in nearly every tissue in the body. Various stimuli recruit monocytes into the cardiovascular system and metabolic organs, where they differentiate to macrophages, and activate these pro-inflammatory phagocytes, leading to the initiation and development of inflammation in these organs. Key regulators of macrophage activation therefore may serve as therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic disease. The Notch signaling pathway, involving 5 ligands and 4 receptors, regulates the differentiation of various cell types during development, and also contributes to the disease processes in adults. We found that the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (Dll4) activates macrophages in vitro as determined by the induction of genes and pathways associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Our recent study demonstrated in vivo that blockade of Dll4 by a neutralizing antibody attenuates key features typical of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, such as accumulation of activated macrophages in arteries and fat; chronic atherosclerosis; arterial and valvular calcification; insulin resistance; and fatty liver. These results suggest that Dll4-mediated Notch signaling participates in the shared disease mechanisms for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. This review summarizes the role of macrophages and Dll4/Notch signaling in the development of inflammation in both the cardiovascular system and metabolic organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiju Fukuda
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Hunter S, Arendt T, Brayne C. The senescence hypothesis of disease progression in Alzheimer disease: an integrated matrix of disease pathways for FAD and SAD. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:556-70. [PMID: 23546742 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterised in life by cognitive decline and behavioural symptoms and post-mortem by the neuropathological hallmarks including the microtubule-associated protein tau-reactive tangles and neuritic plaques and amyloid-beta-protein-reactive senile plaques. Greater than 95 % of AD cases are sporadic (SAD) with a late onset and <5 % of AD cases are familial (FAD) with an early onset. FAD is associated with various genetic mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PS)1 and PS2. As yet, no disease pathway has been fully accepted and there are no treatments that prevent, stop or reverse the cognitive decline associated with AD. Here, we review and integrate available environmental and genetic evidence associated with all forms of AD. We present the senescence hypothesis of AD progression, suggesting that factors associated with AD can be seen as partial stressors within the matrix of signalling pathways that underlie cell survival and function. Senescence pathways are triggered when stressors exceed the cells ability to compensate for them. The APP proteolytic system has many interactions with pathways involved in programmed senescence and APP proteolysis can both respond to and be driven by senescence-associated signalling. Disease pathways associated with sporadic disease may be different to those involving familial genetic mutations. The interpretation we provide strongly points to senescence as an additional underlying causal process in dementia progression in both SAD and FAD via multiple disease pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Hunter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|