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Intracellular interactome of secreted antibody Fab fragment in Pichia pastoris reveals its routes of secretion and degradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 93:2503-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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52
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Aminake MN, Arndt HD, Pradel G. The proteasome of malaria parasites: A multi-stage drug target for chemotherapeutic intervention? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2012; 2:1-10. [PMID: 24533266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin/proteasome system serves as a regulated protein degradation pathway in eukaryotes, and is involved in many cellular processes featuring high protein turnover rates, such as cell cycle control, stress response and signal transduction. In malaria parasites, protein quality control is potentially important because of the high replication rate and the rapid transformations of the parasite during life cycle progression. The proteasome is the core of the degradation pathway, and is a major proteolytic complex responsible for the degradation and recycling of non-functional ubiquitinated proteins. Annotation of the genome for Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria tropica, revealed proteins with similarity to human 26S proteasome subunits. In addition, a bacterial ClpQ/hslV threonine peptidase-like protein was identified. In recent years several independent studies indicated an essential function of the parasite proteasome for the liver, blood and transmission stages. In this review, we compile evidence for protein recycling in Plasmodium parasites and discuss the role of the 26S proteasome as a prospective multi-stage target for antimalarial drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoah Nigel Aminake
- Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2/D15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gabriele Pradel
- Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2/D15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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53
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Gising J, Odell LR, Larhed M. Microwave-assisted synthesis of small molecules targeting the infectious diseases tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria and hepatitis C. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2713-29. [PMID: 22227602 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06833h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of microwave in situ heating offer unparalleled opportunities for medicinal chemists to speed up lead optimisation processes in early drug discovery. The technology is ideal for small-scale discovery chemistry because it allows full reaction control, short reaction times, high safety and rapid feedback. To illustrate these advantages, we herein describe applications and approaches in the synthesis of small molecules to combat four of the most prevalent infectious diseases; tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria and hepatitis C, using dedicated microwave instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Gising
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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54
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Gallastegui N, Groll M. Analysing properties of proteasome inhibitors using kinetic and X-ray crystallographic studies. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 832:373-390. [PMID: 22350899 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-474-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The combination of X-ray crystallography and kinetic studies of proteasome:ligand complexes has proven to be an important tool in inhibitor analysis of this crucial protein degradation machinery. Here, we describe in detail the purification protocols, proteolytic activity assays, crystallisation methods, and structure determination for the yeast 20S proteasome (CP) in complex with its inhibitors. The fusion of these advanced techniques offers the opportunity to further optimise drugs which are already tested in different clinical phase studies, as well as to design new promising proteasome lead structures which might be suitable for their application in medicine, plant protection, and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Gallastegui
- Department of Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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55
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Frankland-Searby S, Bhaumik SR. The 26S proteasome complex: an attractive target for cancer therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012; 1825:64-76. [PMID: 22037302 PMCID: PMC3242858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The 26S proteasome complex engages in an ATP-dependent proteolytic degradation of a variety of oncoproteins, transcription factors, cell cycle specific cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, ornithine decarboxylase, and other key regulatory cellular proteins. Thus, the proteasome regulates either directly or indirectly many important cellular processes. Altered regulation of these cellular events is linked to the development of cancer. Therefore, the proteasome has become an attractive target for the treatment of numerous cancers. Several proteasome inhibitors that target the proteolytic active sites of the 26S proteasome complex have been developed and tested for anti-tumor activities. These proteasome inhibitors have displayed impressive anti-tumor functions by inducing apoptosis in different tumor types. Further, the proteasome inhibitors have been shown to induce cell cycle arrest, and inhibit angiogenesis, cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, immune and inflammatory responses, and DNA repair response. A number of proteasome inhibitors are now in clinical trials to treat multiple myeloma and solid tumors. Many other proteasome inhibitors with different efficiencies are being developed and tested for anti-tumor activities. Several proteasome inhibitors currently in clinical trials have shown significantly improved anti-tumor activities when combined with other drugs such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, Akt (protein kinase B) inhibitors, DNA damaging agents, Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) inhibitors, and lenalidomide. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is now in the clinic to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. Here, we discuss the 26S proteasome complex in carcinogenesis and different proteasome inhibitors with their potential therapeutic applications in treatment of numerous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Frankland-Searby
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Sukesh R. Bhaumik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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56
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Gräwert MA, Groll M. Exploiting nature's rich source of proteasome inhibitors as starting points in drug development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 48:1364-78. [PMID: 22039589 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the No. 2 cause of death in the Western world and one of the most expensive diseases to treat. Thus, it is not surprising, that every major pharmaceutical and biotechnology company has a blockbuster oncology product. In 2003, Millennium Pharmaceuticals entered the race with Velcade®, a first-in-class proteasome inhibitor that has been approved by the FDA for treatment of multiple myeloma and its sales have passed the billion dollar mark. Velcade®'s extremely toxic boronic acid pharmacophore, however, contributes to a number of severe side effects. Nevertheless, the launching of this product has validated the proteasome as a target in fighting cancer and further proteasome inhibitors have entered the market as anti-cancer drugs. Additionally, proteasome inhibitors have found application as crop protection agents, anti-parasitics, immunosuppressives, as well as in new therapies for muscular dystrophies and inflammation. Many of these compounds are based on microbial metabolites. In this review, we emphasize the important role of the structural elucidation of the various unique binding mechanisms of these compounds that have been optimized throughout evolution to target the proteasome. Based on this knowledge, medicinal chemists have further optimized these natural products, resulting in potential drugs with reduced off-target activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ann Gräwert
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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57
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Kim MS. Future Cancer Therapy with Molecularly Targeted Therapeutics: Challenges and Strategies. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.4.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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58
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Wu X, Shao Y, Tao Y, Ai G, Wei R, Meng X, Hou J, Han Y, Zhan F, Zheng J, Shi J. Proteasome inhibitor lactacystin augments natural killer cell cytotoxicity of myeloma via downregulation of HLA class I. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 415:187-92. [PMID: 22033416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of inhibitory and activating natural killer (NK) receptor ligands on tumor cells represents a promising therapeutic approach against cancer, including multiple myeloma (MM). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, the NK cell inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligands, are critical determinants of NK cell activity. Proteasome inhibitors have demonstrated significant anti-myeloma activity in MM patients. In this study, we evaluated the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the surface expression of class I in human MM cells. We found that proteasome inhibitors downregulated surface expression of class I in a dose- and time-dependent manner in MM cell line and patient MM cells. No significant changes in the expression of the MHC class I chain-related molecules (MIC) A/B and the UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs) 1-3 were observed. Downregulation of class I by lactacystin (LAC) significantly enhances NK cell-mediated lysis of MM. Furthermore, the downregulation degree of class I was associated with increased susceptibility of myeloma cells to NK cell killing. HLA blocking antibody produced results that were similar to the findings from proteasome inhibitor. Taken together, our data suggest that proteasome inhibitors, possible targeting inhibitory KIR ligand class I on tumor cells, may contribute to the activation of cytolytic effector NK cells in vitro, enhancing their anti-myeloma activity. Our findings provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of proteasome inhibitor, alone or in combination, as a novel approach to immunotherapy of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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59
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Lallemand B, Chaix F, Bury M, Bruyère C, Ghostin J, Becker JP, Delporte C, Gelbcke M, Mathieu V, Dubois J, Prévost M, Jabin I, Kiss R. N-(2-{3-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ureido}ethyl)-glycyrrhetinamide (6b): A Novel Anticancer Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivative that Targets the Proteasome and Displays Anti-Kinase Activity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6501-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200285z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lallemand
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabien Chaix
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Bury
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Bruyère
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Ghostin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Becker
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Delporte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Gelbcke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Dubois
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Prévost
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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60
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Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by cIAP2 involves accelerating the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated destruction of polymerase. J Virol 2011; 85:11457-67. [PMID: 21865390 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00879-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (cIAP2) is a potent suppressor of apoptotic cell death. We have shown previously that cIAP2 is involved in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) response; however, the mechanism for this antiviral effect remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate that cIAP2 can significantly reduce the levels of HBV DNA replication intermediates but not the total viral RNA or core protein levels. Domain-mapping analysis revealed that the carboxy-terminal domains of cIAP2 were indispensable for this anti-HBV ability and that an E3 ligase-deficient mutant of cIAP2 (termed cIAP2*) completely lost its antiviral activity. We further identified HBV polymerase as the target of cIAP2. Overexpression of cIAP2 but not cIAP2* reduced polymerase protein levels, while cIAP2 knockdown increased polymerase expression. In addition, we observed that cIAP2 promoted the degradation of the viral polymerase through a proteasome-dependent pathway. Further experiments demonstrated that cIAP2 can bind to polymerase and promote its polyubiquitylation. Finally, we found that cIAP2 downregulated the encapsidation of HBV pregenomic RNA. Taken together, these data reveal a novel mechanism for the inhibition of HBV replication by cIAP2 via acceleration of the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated decay of polymerase and reduction of the encapsidation of HBV pregenomic RNA, making this mechanism a novel strategy for HBV therapy.
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61
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Gorodkiewicz E, Ostrowska H, Sankiewicz A. SPR imaging biosensor for the 20S proteasome: sensor development and application to measurement of proteasomes in human blood plasma. Mikrochim Acta 2011; 175:177-184. [PMID: 21966027 PMCID: PMC3179842 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The 20S proteasome is a multicatalytic enzyme complex responsible for intracellular protein degradation in mammalian cells. Its antigen level or enzymatic activity in blood plasma are potentially useful markers for various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. We have developed a method for highly selective determination of the 20S proteasome using a Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRI) technique. It is based on the highly selective interaction between the proteasome's catalytic β5 subunit and immobilized inhibitors (the synthetic peptide PSI and epoxomicin). Inhibitor concentration and pH were optimized. Analytical responses, linear ranges, accuracy, precision and interferences were investigated. Biosensors based on either PSI and epoxomicin were found to be suitable for quantitative determination of the proteasome, with a precision of ±10% for each, and recoveries of 102% and 113%, respectively, and with little interference by albumin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, cathepsin B and papain. The proteasome also was determined in plasma of healthy subjects and of patients suffering from acute leukemia. Both biosensors gave comparable results (2860 ng·mL-1 on average for control, and 42300 ng·mL-1 on average for leukemia patients).FigureThe synthetic peptide aldehyde Z-Ile-Glu(OBut)-Ala-Leu-H (PSI) and a microbial α',β' epoxyketone peptide epoxomicin was used to develop SPRI biosensor for the highly selective determination of the 20S proteasome concentration, and to evaluate the sensor applicability for the determination of 20S proteasome in human blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Gorodkiewicz
- Department of Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Al.J.Pilsudskiego11/4, PL-15-443 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Halina Ostrowska
- Department of Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, PL-15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Sankiewicz
- Department of Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Al.J.Pilsudskiego11/4, PL-15-443 Bialystok, Poland
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62
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Ettari R, Bonaccorso C, Micale N, Heindl C, Schirmeister T, Calabrò ML, Grasso S, Zappalà M. Development of Novel Peptidomimetics Containing a Vinyl Sulfone Moiety as Proteasome Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1228-37. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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63
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Liu J, Zhang H, Xiao Z, Wang F, Wang X, Wang Y. Combined 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics study on derivatives of peptide epoxyketone and tyropeptin-boronic acid as inhibitors against the β5 subunit of human 20S proteasome. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:1807-35. [PMID: 21673924 PMCID: PMC3111635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12031807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An abnormal ubiquitin-proteasome is found in many human diseases, especially in cancer, and has received extensive attention as a promising therapeutic target in recent years. In this work, several in silico models have been built with two classes of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) by using 3D-QSAR, homology modeling, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The study resulted in two types of satisfactory 3D-QSAR models, i.e., the CoMFA model (Q(2) = 0.462, R(2) (pred) = 0.820) for epoxyketone inhibitors (EPK) and the CoMSIA model (Q(2) = 0.622, R(2) (pred) = 0.821) for tyropeptin-boronic acid derivatives (TBA). From the contour maps, some key structural factors responsible for the activity of these two series of PIs are revealed. For EPK inhibitors, the N-cap part should have higher electropositivity; a large substituent such as a benzene ring is favored at the C6-position. In terms of TBA inhibitors, hydrophobic substituents with a larger size anisole group are preferential at the C8-position; higher electropositive substituents like a naphthalene group at the C3-position can enhance the activity of the drug by providing hydrogen bond interaction with the protein target. Molecular docking disclosed that residues Thr60, Thr80, Gly106 and Ser189 play a pivotal role in maintaining the drug-target interactions, which are consistent with the contour maps. MD simulations further indicated that the binding modes of each conformation derived from docking is stable and in accord with the corresponding structure extracted from MD simulation overall. These results can offer useful theoretical references for designing more potent PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zhengtao Xiao
- Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; E-Mail:
| | - Fangfang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; E-Mail:
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64
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Gryder BE, Guerrant W, Chen CH, Oyelere AK. Oxathiazole-2-one derivative of bortezomib: Synthesis, stability and proteasome inhibition activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00208b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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