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Visser MJE, Kell DB, Pretorius E. Bacterial Dysbiosis and Translocation in Psoriasis Vulgaris. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:7. [PMID: 30778377 PMCID: PMC6369634 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, associated with both a physical and a psychological burden. Our understanding of the etiology of this disease remains incomplete. Conventionally, psoriasis has been viewed as a condition that manifests solely in the skin. However, the systemic inflammatory nature of this disease has been confirmed by the presence of a wide array of dysregulated cytokines and inflammatory markers in the serum of these patients. Both dysregulated gut and skin microbiomes have been found in association with psoriasis. An evident association also exists between inflammatory bowel disease and this condition. Regarding the skin microbiome, changes have been observed in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Additionally, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. were detected more frequently in lesional skin. Alterations in the gut microbiome have been characterized by a decrease in the Bacteroidetes phylum and an increase in the Faecalibacterium genus. We suggest that dysbiosis of the skin and gut microbiota may contribute to psoriasis, by promoting the translocation of microbes from these sites into the bloodstream. Consistent with the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis, these microorganisms are in a physiologically dormant state, but may be awakened periodically and shed their cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Both of these inflammagens may contribute significantly to maintaining a chronic inflammatory state in the host, such as is seen in individuals diagnosed with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J E Visser
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Douglas B Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Patel SS, Acharya A, Ray RS, Agrawal R, Raghuwanshi R, Jain P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:887-939. [PMID: 30632782 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1552244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound present in rhizome of Curcuma longa belonging to the family zingiberaceae. Growing experimental evidence revealed that curcumin exhibit multitarget biological implications signifying its crucial role in health and disease. The current review highlights the recent progress and mechanisms underlying the wide range of pharmacological effects of curcumin against numerous diseases like neuronal, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney, endocrine, skin, respiratory, infectious, gastrointestinal diseases and cancer. The ability of curcumin to modulate the functions of multiple signal transductions are linked with attenuation of acute and chronic diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have revealed that curcumin modulates several molecules in cell signal transduction pathway including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, ERK5, AP-1, TGF-β, Wnt, β-catenin, Shh, PAK1, Rac1, STAT3, PPARγ, EBPα, NLRP3 inflammasome, p38MAPK, Nrf2, Notch-1, AMPK, TLR-4 and MyD-88. Curcumin has a potential to prevent and/or manage various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties with an excellent safety profile. In contrast, the anti-cancer effects of curcumin are reflected due to induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in various premalignant and malignant cells. This review also carefully emphasized the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its interaction with other drugs. Clinical studies have shown that curcumin is safe at the doses of 12 g/day but exhibits poor systemic bioavailability. The use of adjuvant like piperine, liposomal curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin phospholipid complex has shown enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Further studies are warranted to prove the potential of curcumin against various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - R S Ray
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritesh Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Priyal Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
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Rahmayunita G, Jacoeb TN, Novianto E, Indriatmi W, Rihatmadja R, Pusponegoro EH. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of topical <em>Curcuma xanthorrhiza</em> Roxb. on mild psoriasis: clinical manifestations, histopathological features, and K6 expressions. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2018. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i3.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the concentration of IL-6, IL-8, and phosphorylase kinase, which has role in keratinocyte proliferation. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of C. xanthorrhiza in psoriasis.Methods: From 18 to 59 year-old patients with mild psoriasis, 2 similar lesions were selected. The severity assessment was based on the psoriasis area severity index (PASI), Trozak score, and K6 expression. Using a double-blinded randomized method, lesion was treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment vs placebo for 4 weeks. The results were analyzed by the chi-square test using STATATM V.12 software (Stata Corp.).Results: The study was conducted in 2010 to 2012 with 17 subjects participated. The median of PASI score were reduced significantly in both lesions, either treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment vs placebo; however when compared between the group, it was not significant (p=0.520). The Trozak score were reduced in lesions treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment; but it was not significant (p = 0.306). In lesions treated with placebo, the Trozak score was increased significantly. The difference of Trozak score between lesions treated with C. xanthorrhiza and placebo was significant (p=0.024). There was no significant difference of K6 expression in lesions treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointments or placebo as well as on the difference of mean values of K6 expression between the group (p=0.827).Conclusion: Based on the results, 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment is effective treatment option for mild psoriasis, but longer follow-up period is suggested to confirm this results. C. xanthorrhiza ointment is safe for topical administration as there were no side effects reported in this study.
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Panahi Y, Fazlolahzadeh O, Atkin SL, Majeed M, Butler AE, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Evidence of curcumin and curcumin analogue effects in skin diseases: A narrative review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1165-1178. [PMID: 30073647 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic and yellow pigment obtained from the spice turmeric, has strong antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Due to these properties, curcumin has been used as a remedy for the prevention and treatment of skin aging and disorders such as psoriasis, infection, acne, skin inflammation, and skin cancer. Curcumin has protective effects against skin damage caused by chronic ultraviolet B radiation. One of the challenges in maximizing the therapeutic potential of curcumin is its low bioavailability, limited aqueous solubility, and chemical instability. In this regard, the present review is focused on recent studies concerning the use of curcumin for the treatment of skin diseases, as well as offering new and efficient strategies to optimize its pharmacokinetic profile and increase its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Fazlolahzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Alexandra E Butler
- Life Sciences Research Division, Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Naturally derived Heme-Oxygenase 1 inducers attenuate inflammatory responses in human dendritic cells and T cells: relevance for psoriasis treatment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10287. [PMID: 29980703 PMCID: PMC6035209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease mediated by dysregulated immune responses in dendritic cells (DC) and T cells. The stress-response enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been described as protective in animal models of psoriasis, however, implementation of HO-1-based therapies is hindered by the lack of clinically-suitable HO-1 inducers. The plant-derived polyphenols, carnosol and curcumin, have been identified as candidate HO-1 inducers however there has been little investigation into their effects on human immune cells. We demonstrate that treatment of human DC with these polyphenols limits DC maturation, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and prevents induction of allospecific T cell responses, in a manner partially dependent on carbon monoxide (CO). We also characterised their effects in ex-vivo psoriasis PBMC and report that curcumin, but not carnosol, strongly reduces T cell proliferation and cytokine poly-functionality, with reduced expression of psoriatic cytokines IFNγ, IL-17, GM-CSF and IL-22. This study therefore supports reports highlighting the therapeutic potential of curcumin in psoriasis by providing insight into its immunological effects on healthy human DC and psoriasis PBMC. We also demonstrate, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory effects of carnosol in human immune cells.
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56
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Local administration of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles effectively inhibits inflammation and bone resorption associated with experimental periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6652. [PMID: 29703905 PMCID: PMC5923426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence indicating that curcumin has multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory properties. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that curcumin may attenuate inflammation and the connective tissue destruction associated with periodontal disease. Most of these studies use systemic administration, and considering the site-specific nature of periodontal disease and also the poor pharmacodynamic properties of curcumin, we conducted this proof of principle study to assess the biological effect of the local administration of curcumin in a nanoparticle vehicle on experimental periodontal disease. We used 16 rats divided into two groups of 8 animals according to the induction of experimental periodontal disease by bilateral injections of LPS or of the vehicle control directly into the gingival tissues 3×/week for 4 weeks. The same volume of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles or of nanoparticle vehicle was injected into the same sites 2×/week. µCT analysis showed that local administration of curcumin resulted in a complete inhibition of inflammatory bone resorption and in a significant decrease of both osteoclast counts and of the inflammatory infiltrate; as well as a marked attenuation of p38 MAPK and NF-kB activation. We conclude that local administration of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles effectively inhibited inflammation and bone resorption associated with experimental periodontal disease.
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57
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Bahraini P, Rajabi M, Mansouri P, Sarafian G, Chalangari R, Azizian Z. Turmeric tonic as a treatment in scalp psoriasis: A randomized placebo-control clinical trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 17:461-466. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Bahraini
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Rajabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Parvin Mansouri
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Golnaz Sarafian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Zahra Azizian
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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58
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Kunnumakkara AB, Sailo BL, Banik K, Harsha C, Prasad S, Gupta SC, Bharti AC, Aggarwal BB. Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked? J Transl Med 2018; 16:14. [PMID: 29370858 PMCID: PMC5785894 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research within the last several decades has revealed that the major risk factors for most chronic diseases are infections, obesity, alcohol, tobacco, radiation, environmental pollutants, and diet. It is now well established that these factors induce chronic diseases through induction of inflammation. However, inflammation could be either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation persists for a short duration and is the host defense against infections and allergens, whereas the chronic inflammation persists for a long time and leads to many chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, respiratory diseases, etc. Numerous lines of evidence suggest that the aforementioned risk factors induced cancer through chronic inflammation. First, transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3 that regulate expression of inflammatory gene products, have been found to be constitutively active in most cancers; second, chronic inflammation such as pancreatitis, prostatitis, hepatitis etc. leads to cancers; third, activation of NF-κB and STAT3 leads to cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis; fourth, activation of NF-κB and STAT3 leads to resistance to chemotherapy and radiation, and hypoxia and acidic conditions activate these transcription factors. Therefore, targeting these pathways may provide opportunities for both prevention and treatment of cancer and other chronic diseases. We will discuss in this review the potential of various dietary agents such as spices and its components in the suppression of inflammatory pathways and their roles in the prevention and therapy of cancer and other chronic diseases. In fact, epidemiological studies do indicate that cancer incidence in countries such as India where spices are consumed daily is much lower (94/100,000) than those where spices are not consumed such as United States (318/100,000), suggesting the potential role of spices in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Bethsebie L Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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Nardo VD, Gianfaldoni S, Tchernev G, Wollina U, Barygina V, Lotti J, Daaboul F, Lotti T. Use of Curcumin in Psoriasis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:218-220. [PMID: 29484027 PMCID: PMC5816303 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the golden spice turmeric, which is widely used for different purposes, such as culinary spice and alimentary addictive, make - up and, finally, as a natural product for the treatment of different diseases, especially for the chronic inflammatory ones. Recently, curcumin has been proposed as a valid and safe therapeutic option for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Di Nardo
- Department of Nuclear, Subnuclear and Radiation Physics, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Georgi Tchernev
- Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior Department of General, Vascular and Abdominal Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, 01067 Dresden, Germany
| | - Victoria Barygina
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lotti
- Department of Nuclear, Subnuclear and Radiation Physics, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy
| | - Farah Daaboul
- Institute of Dermatological and Regenerative Sciences, Florence, Italy
| | - Torello Lotti
- University G. Marconi of Rome, Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
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Skin-penetrating polymeric nanoparticles incorporated in silk fibroin hydrogel for topical delivery of curcumin to improve its therapeutic effect on psoriasis mouse model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:704-714. [PMID: 29035818 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A poor percutaneous penetration capability for most topical anti-inflammatory drugs is one of the main causes compromising their therapeutic effects on psoriatic skin. Even though curcumin has shown a remarkable efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis, its effective penetration through the stratum corneum is still a major challenge during transdermal delivery. The aim of our study was to design skin-permeating nanoparticles (NPs) to facilitate delivery of curcumin to the deeper layers of the skin. A novel amphiphilic polymer, RRR-α-tocopheryl succinate-grafted-ε-polylysine conjugate (VES-g-ε-PLL) was synthesized and self-assembled into polymeric nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of VES-g-ε-PLL exhibiting an ultra-small hydrodynamic diameter (24.4nm) and a positive Zeta potential (19.6mV) provided a strong skin-penetrating ability in vivo. Moreover, curcumin could effectively be encapsulated in the polymeric nanoparticles with a drug loading capacity of 3.49% and an encapsulating efficiency of 78.45%. In order to prolong the retention time of the ultra-small curcumin-loaded nanoparticles (CUR-NPs) in the skin, silk fibroin was used as a hydrogel-based matrix to further facilitate topical delivery of the model drug. In vitro studies showed that CUR-NPs incorporated in silk fibroin hydrogel (CUR-NPs-gel) exhibited a slower release profile of curcumin than the plain CUR-gel, without compromising the skin penetration ability of CUR-NPs. In vivo studies on miquimod-induced psoriatic mice showed that CUR-NPs-gel exhibited a higher therapeutic effect than CUR-NPs as the former demonstrated a more powerful skin-permeating capability and a more effective anti-keratinization process. CUR-NPs-gel was therefore able to inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB and IL-6) to a greater extent. In conclusion, the permeable nanoparticle-gel system may be a potential carrier for the topical delivery of lipophilic anti-psoriatic drugs.
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Sun L, Liu Z, Wang L, Cun D, Tong HH, Yan R, Chen X, Wang R, Zheng Y. Enhanced topical penetration, system exposure and anti-psoriasis activity of two particle-sized, curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in hydrogel. J Control Release 2017; 254:44-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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β-Aminoisobutyric acid ameliorates the renal fibrosis in mouse obstructed kidneys via inhibition of renal fibroblast activation and fibrosis. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 133:203-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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