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Zhang H, Huang N, Yang G, Lin Q, Su Y. Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles demonstrated improved anti-tumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma: preparation, characterization, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. Oncotarget 2017; 8:63311-63323. [PMID: 28968991 PMCID: PMC5609923 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To prepare and evaluate the liver-targeted drug delivery system of Bufalin with higher liver uptake and stronger antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle was prepared by desolvation method, to investigate the in vitro release performance and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution. The antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Results The Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle with an average particle size of 125.1 nm exhibited a sustained release behavior in vitro. The half-life, blood plasma area under the curve and apparent volume of distribution of Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle were significantly higher than that of Bufalin, whereas the clearance rate was lower than Bufalin group. The uptake of liver for Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle was 352.045 ± 35.665 ng/g while for Bufalin was 164.465 ± 48.080 ng/g (P < 0.01) at 5 min. The uptake of tumor for Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle was significantly higher than that of Bufalin both at 5 min (50.169 ± 11.708 ng/g, 93.415±13.828 ng/g, P < 0.01) and 15 min (43.683 ± 11.499 ng/g, 64.219 ± 17.684 ng/g, P > 0.05). Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle and Bufalin have similar antitumor activity in vitro. The tumor inhibition effect of Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle was stronger than that of Bufalin alone in vivo. Conclusion Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle is a promising liver-targeted drug delivery system with higher liver uptake and stronger antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Zhang
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nian Huang
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Geliang Yang
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yonghua Su
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Systematic Approach for the Formulation and Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Efavirenz by High Pressure Homogenization Using Design of Experiments for Brain Targeting and Enhanced Bioavailability. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5984014. [PMID: 28243600 PMCID: PMC5294220 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5984014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, used for the treatment of HIV infections, are reported to have low bioavailability pertaining to high first-pass metabolism, high protein binding, and enzymatic metabolism. They also show low permeability across blood brain barrier. The CNS is reported to be the most important HIV reservoir site. In the present study, solid lipid nanoparticles of efavirenz were prepared with the objective of providing increased permeability and protection of drug due to biocompatible lipidic content and nanoscale size and thus developing formulation having potential for enhanced bioavailability and brain targeting. Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by high pressure homogenization technique using a systematic approach of design of experiments (DoE) and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Particles of average size 108.5 nm having PDI of 0.172 with 64.9% entrapment efficiency were produced. Zeta potential was found to be −21.2 mV and the formulation was found stable. The in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies revealed increased concentration of the drug in brain, as desired, when administered through intranasal route indicating its potential for an attempt towards complete eradication of HIV and cure of HIV-infected patients.
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Li J, Ding J, Liu T, Liu JF, Yan L, Chen X. Poly(lactic acid) Controlled Drug Delivery. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2017_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sajjadi S, Chen Y, Jahanzad F. Ultrafine nanolatexes made via monomer-starved semicontinuous emulsion polymerisation in the presence of a water-soluble chain transfer agent. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cell penetrating peptides as an innovative approach for drug delivery; then, present and the future. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ng E, Chen K, Hang A, Syed A, Zhang JXJ. Multi-Dimensional Nanostructures for Microfluidic Screening of Biomarkers: From Molecular Separation to Cancer Cell Detection. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:847-62. [PMID: 26692080 PMCID: PMC4828292 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid screening of biomarkers, with high specificity and accuracy, is critical for many point-of-care diagnostics. Microfluidics, the use of microscale channels to manipulate small liquid samples and carry reactions in parallel, offers tremendous opportunities to address fundamental questions in biology and provide a fast growing set of clinical tools for medicine. Emerging multi-dimensional nanostructures, when coupled with microfluidics, enable effective and efficient screening with high specificity and sensitivity, both of which are important aspects of biological detection systems. In this review, we provide an overview of current research and technologies that utilize nanostructures to facilitate biological separation in microfluidic channels. Various important physical parameters and theoretical equations that characterize and govern flow in nanostructure-integrated microfluidic channels will be introduced and discussed. The application of multi-dimensional nanostructures, including nanoparticles, nanopillars, and nanoporous layers, integrated with microfluidic channels in molecular and cellular separation will also be reviewed. Finally, we will close with insights on the future of nanostructure-integrated microfluidic platforms and their role in biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Ng
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Kaina Chen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Annie Hang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Abeer Syed
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - John X J Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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Jain DS, Bajaj AN, Athawale RB, Shikhande SS, Pandey A, Goel PN, Gude RP, Patil S, Raut P. Thermosensitive PLA based nanodispersion for targeting brain tumor via intranasal route. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 63:411-21. [PMID: 27040235 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of drugs to the brain via nasal route has been studied by many researchers. However, low residence time, mucociliary clearance and enzymatically active environment of nasal cavity pose many challenges to successful nasal delivery of drugs. We aim to deliver methotrexate by designing thermosensitive nanodispersion exhibiting enhanced residence time in nasal cavity and bypassing the blood brain barrier (BBB). PLA nanoparticles were developed using solvent evaporation technique. The developed nanoparticles were further dispersed in prepared thermosensitive vehicle of poloxamer 188 and Carbopol 934 to impart the property of increased residence time. The formulated nanoparticles demonstrated no interaction with the simulated nasal fluids (SNF), mucin, serum proteins and erythrocytes which demonstrate the safety of developed formulation for nasal administration. The penetration property of nanoparticles though the nasal mucosa was higher than the pure drug due to low mucociliary clearance. The developed nanoparticles diffused though the membrane pores and rapidly distributed into the brain portions compared to the pure drug. There was detectable and quantifiable amount of drug seen in the brain as demonstrated by in vivo brain distribution studies with considerably low amount of drug deposition in the lungs. The pharmacokinetic parameters demonstrated the enhancement in circulation half life, area under curve (AUC) and Cmax of the drug when administered intranasal in encapsulated form. Thus, the thermosensitive nanodispersions are surely promising delivery systems for delivering anticancer agents though the nasal route for potential treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana S Jain
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
| | - Amrita N Bajaj
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India
| | - Rajani B Athawale
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
| | - Shruti S Shikhande
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- H. R Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, India
| | | | - Preeti Raut
- Cipla Pvt. Ltd., Vikhroli (West), Mumbai, India
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Song H, Zhang J, Wang W, Huang P, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li C, Kong D. Acid-responsive PEGylated doxorubicin prodrug nanoparticles for neuropilin-1 receptor-mediated targeted drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:365-74. [PMID: 26433349 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled prodrug nanoparticles have demonstrated great promise in cancer chemotherapy. In the present study, we developed a new kind of prodrug nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. PEGylated doxorubicin conjugate with an acid-cleavable cis-aconityl spacer was prepared. Then it was functionalized with a tumor-penetrating peptide, Cys-Arg-Gly-Asp-Lys (CRGDK), providing the prodrug nanoparticles with the specific binding ability to neurophilin-1 receptor. In acid mediums, doxorubicin could be released from the prodrug nanoparticles with an accumulative release around 60% through the acid-triggered hydrolysis of cis-aconityl bond and nanoparticle disassembly. Whereas, drug release was slow under a neutral pH and the accumulative drug release was less than 16%. In the cell culture tests, our prodrug nanoparticles showed enhanced endocytosis and cytotoxicity in cancer cells including HepG2, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, but lower cytotoxicity in human cardiomyocyte H2C9. In the animal experiments, the prodrug nanoparticles were intravenously injected into Balb/c nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumors. Enhanced drug penetration and accumulation in tumors, accompanying with a rapid early tumor-binding behavior, was observed after intravenous injection of the peptide modified prodrug nanoparticles. These data suggests that the acid-sensitive and tumor-targeting PEGylated doxorubicin prodrug nanoparticle may be an efficient drug delivery system for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Pingsheng Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Goodin BR, Anderson AJB, Freeman EL, Bulls HW, Robbins MT, Ness TJ. Intranasal Oxytocin Administration is Associated With Enhanced Endogenous Pain Inhibition and Reduced Negative Mood States. Clin J Pain 2015; 31:757-767. [PMID: 25370147 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined whether the administration of intranasal oxytocin was associated with pain sensitivity, endogenous pain inhibitory capacity, and negative mood states. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 pain-free, young adults each completed 3 laboratory sessions on consecutive days. The first session (baseline) assessed ischemic pain sensitivity, endogenous pain inhibition via conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and negative mood using the Profile of Mood States. CPM was tested on the dominant forearm and ipsilateral masseter muscle using algometry (test stimulus) and the cold pressor task (conditioning stimulus; nondominant hand). For the second and third sessions, participants initially completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and then self-administered a single (40 IU/1 mL) dose of intranasal oxytocin or placebo in a randomized counterbalanced order. Thirty minutes postadministration, participants again completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and repeated assessments of ischemic pain sensitivity and CPM followed by the Profile of Mood States. RESULTS Findings demonstrated that ischemic pain sensitivity did not significantly differ across the 3 study sessions. CPM at the masseter, but not the forearm, was significantly greater following administration of oxytocin compared to placebo. Negative mood was also significantly lower following administration of oxytocin compared to placebo. Similarly, anxiety significantly decreased following administration of oxytocin but not placebo. DISCUSSION This study incorporated a placebo-controlled, double-blind, within-subjects crossover design with randomized administration of intranasal oxytocin and placebo. The data suggest that the administration of intranasal oxytocin may augment endogenous pain inhibitory capacity and reduce negative mood states including anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burel R Goodin
- Departments of Psychology.,Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Li H, Tsui TY, Ma W. Intracellular Delivery of Molecular Cargo Using Cell-Penetrating Peptides and the Combination Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19518-36. [PMID: 26295227 PMCID: PMC4581311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can cross cellular membranes in a non-toxic fashion, improving the intracellular delivery of various molecular cargos such as nanoparticles, small molecules and plasmid DNA. Because CPPs provide a safe, efficient, and non-invasive mode of transport for various cargos into cells, they have been developed as vectors for the delivery of genetic and biologic products in recent years. Most common CPPs are positively charged peptides. While delivering negatively charged molecules (e.g., nucleic acids) to target cells, the internalization efficiency of CPPs is reduced and inhibited because the cationic charges on the CPPs are neutralized through the covering of CPPs by cargos on the structure. Even under these circumstances, the CPPs can still be non-covalently complexed with the negatively charged molecules. To address this issue, combination strategies of CPPs with other typical carriers provide a promising and novel delivery system. This review summarizes the latest research work in using CPPs combined with molecular cargos including liposomes, polymers, cationic peptides, nanoparticles, adeno-associated virus (AAV) and calcium for the delivery of genetic products, especially for small interfering RNA (siRNA). This combination strategy remedies the reduced internalization efficiency caused by neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Huzhou University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, China.
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tung Yu Tsui
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Wenxue Ma
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA.
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Piazza JE, Zhu C, Ravi Selvaganapathy P, R. Hoare T, Jain SB, Hossain F, Mishra RK. A Novel Intranasal Spray Device for the Administration of Nanoparticles to Rodents. J Med Device 2015. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4029907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental intranasal (IN) delivery of nanoparticle (NP) drug carriers is typically performed using a pipette with or without anesthesia, a technique that may be a poor simulation of practical IN administration of drug-loaded NPs in humans. Existing IN spray devices suffer from drawbacks in terms of variability in dose-control and spray duration as well as the application of nonuniform pressure fields when a NP-formulated drug is aerosolized. Furthermore, existing spray devices require large volumes that may not be available or may be prohibitively expensive to prepare. In response, we have developed a novel pneumatically driven IN spray device for the administration of NPs, which is capable of administering extremely small quantities (50–100 μl) of NP suspension in a fine spray that disperses the NPs uniformly onto the tissue. This device was validated using haloperidol-loaded Solanum tuberosum lectin (STL)-functionalized, poly(ethylene glycol)–block-poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG–PLGA) NPs targeted for delivery to the brain for schizophrenia treatment. A pneumatic pressure of 100 kPa was found to be optimal to produce a spray that effectively aerosolizes NP suspensions and delivers them evenly to the olfactory epithelium. IN administration of STL-functionalized NPs using the IN spray device increased brain tissue haloperidol concentrations by a factor of 1.2–1.5× compared to STL-functionalized NPs administered IN with a pipette. Such improved delivery enables the use of lower drug doses and thus offers both fewer local side-effects and lower costs without compromising therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E. Piazza
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - Todd R. Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - Saransh B. Jain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - Farhat Hossain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
| | - Ram K. Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada e-mail:
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Mistry A, Stolnik S, Illum L. Nose-to-Brain Delivery: Investigation of the Transport of Nanoparticles with Different Surface Characteristics and Sizes in Excised Porcine Olfactory Epithelium. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2755-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alpesh Mistry
- Advanced
Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Snjezana Stolnik
- Advanced
Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Lisbeth Illum
- IDentity, 19 Cavendish Crescent North, The Park, Nottingham NG7 1BA, U.K
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Balijepalli AS, Comstock AT, Wang X, Jensen GC, Hershenson MB, Zacharek MA, Sajjan US, Meyerhoff ME. Enhancement of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity by Low Molecular Weight Peptides Derived from Protamine: A Potential Therapy for Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2396-405. [PMID: 25978582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key immune defense agent that is produced from l-arginine in the airways by leukocytes and airway epithelial cells, primarily via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Deficiencies in nasal NO levels have been associated with diseases such as primary ciliary dyskinesia and chronic rhinosinusitis. Herein, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept regarding a potential new therapeutic approach for such disorders. We show that arginine-rich low molecular weight peptides (LMWPs) derived from the FDA-approved protamine (obtained from salmon sperm) are effective at significantly raising NO production in both RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage and LA4 mouse epithelial cell lines. LMWP is produced using a stable, easily produced immobilized thermolysin gel column followed by size-exclusion purification. Monomeric l-arginine induces concentration-dependent increases in NO production in stimulated RAW 264.7 and LA4 cells, as measured by stable nitrite in the cell media. In stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, LMWP significantly increases iNOS expression and total NO production 12-24 h post-treatment compared to cells given equivalent levels of monomeric l-arginine. For stimulated LA4 cells, LMWPs are effective in significantly increasing NO production compared to equivalent l-arginine monomer concentrations over 24 h but do not substantially enhance iNOS expression. The use of the arginase inhibitor S-boronoethyl-l-cysteine in combination with LMWPs results in even higher NO production by stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LA4 cells. Increases in NO due to LMWPs, compared to l-arginine, occur only after 4 h, which may be due to iNOS elevation rather than increased substrate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant S Balijepalli
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Adam T Comstock
- ‡Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Health System, 1150 West Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Gary C Jensen
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Marc B Hershenson
- ‡Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Health System, 1150 West Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark A Zacharek
- §Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 East Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Umadevi S Sajjan
- ‡Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Health System, 1150 West Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark E Meyerhoff
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Protamine-oligonucleotide-nanoparticles: Recent advances in drug delivery and drug targeting. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 75:54-9. [PMID: 25896372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Application of oligonucleotides as active compounds has become a crucial field of pharmaceutical research in recent years. In order to improve inadequate transfection rate and to avoid rapid enzymatic degradation of antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs) a novel nanoparticulate delivery system was reported by our group at the beginning of 2000. AS-ODNs are condensed by the polycationic peptide protamine into solid particles in the size range of 100-200nm. Nanoparticle formation is driven by a self-assembling process based on electrostatic interactions between the oppositely charged biomolecules. This new delivery system was named "proticles" and showed very efficient protection against enzymatic digestion, high transfection rates and significant antisense effects in vitro. Throughout broader research, this promising approach was enlarged, and AS-ODNs were replaced by siRNA or CpG-oligonucleotides to address the aspect of immune-modulation and vaccination. More recent studies on proticles verified upscaling of the self-assembling process as well as the potential of proticle formulations for active drug targeting, like tumor- or atherosclerotic plaque targeting. Thereby also the application for diagnostic purposes was emphasized. This review will focus on the characterization of the nucleoprotein protamine as well as on the variety of possible nucleotides/peptides which were already assembled into the proticle matrix. Furthermore it will provide an insight into the broad area of application where proticles can present a valuable tool for successful oligonucleotide delivery.
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Du Z, Zhang Y, Lang M. Synthesis of functionalized Pluronic-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) and the comparative study of their pendant groups on the cellular internalization behavior. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:171. [PMID: 25804304 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis of Pluronic-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing benzyl-oxycarbonylmethyl and carboxylic groups and the comparative study to investigate the influence of the different pendant groups on the cellular behavior. The functionalized Pluronic-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing two kinds of pendant groups are synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and 6-(benzyl-oxycarbonyl methyl)-ε-caprolactone and followed by deprotection respectively. The structure of the copolymers is confirmed and the polymeric micelles are formed by an emulsion/solvent evaporation technique. The critical micelle concentrations are improved compared with Pluronic F127, the morphologies of the micelles are spherical with the diameter on nano scale and good colloidal stability. The copolymers have good cytocompatibility and the comparative study reveals that cellular internalization, digesting by lysosome and intracellular distribution are affected by the pendant groups, moreover, the endocytosis pathway is determined by the pendant groups. Therefore, the definite internalization mechanism is beneficial for the design of polymeric micellar carriers to achieve intra- or extracellular modes of drug delivery and provide better access to either cell membrane or intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhen Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Wang DF, Rong WT, Lu Y, Hou J, Qi SS, Xiao Q, Zhang J, You J, Yu SQ, Xu Q. TPGS2k/PLGA nanoparticles for overcoming multidrug resistance by interfering mitochondria of human alveolar adenocarcinoma cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:3888-3901. [PMID: 25644220 DOI: 10.1021/am508340m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we successfully synthesized d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 2000 succinate (TPGS2k) and prepared TPGS2k-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (TPGS2k/PLGA NPs) loaded with 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), designated TPGS2k/PLGA/SN-38 NPs. Characterization measurements showed that TPGS2k/PLGA/SN-38 NPs displayed flat and spheroidal particles with diameters of 80-104 nm. SN-38 was encapsulated in TPGS2k emulsified PLGA NPs with the entrapment efficiency and loading rates of SN-38 83.6 and 7.85%, respectively. SN-38 could release constantly from TPGS2k/PLGA/SN-38 NPs in vitro. TPGS2k/PLGA/SN-38 NPs induced significantly higher cytotoxicity on A549 cells and the multidrug resistance (MDR) cell line (A549/DDP cells and A549/Taxol cells) compared with free SN-38. Further studies on the mechanism of the NPs in increasing the death of MDR cells showed that following the SN-38 releasing into cytoplasm the remaining TPGS2k/PLGA NPs could reverse the P-gp mediated MDR via interfering with the structure and function of mitochondria and rather than directly inhibiting the enzymatic activity of P-gp ATPase. Therefore, TPGS2k/PLGA NPs can reduce the generation of ATP and the release of energy for the requisite of P-gp efflux transporters. The results indicated that TPGS2k/PLGA NPs could become the nanopharmaceutical materials with the capability to reversal MDR and improve anticancer effects of some chemotherapy drugs as P-gp substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Fang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Medicinal Materials and Applications, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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Kanazawa T. Brain delivery of small interfering ribonucleic acid and drugs through intranasal administration with nano-sized polymer micelles. MEDICAL DEVICES-EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH 2015; 8:57-64. [PMID: 25610007 PMCID: PMC4294762 DOI: 10.2147/mder.s70856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the development of effective strategies for enhancing drug delivery to the brain has been a topic of great interest in both clinical and pharmaceutical fields. In this review, we summarize our studies evaluating nose-to-brain delivery of drugs and small interfering ribonucleic acids in combination with cell-penetrating peptide-modified polymer micelles. Our findings show that the use of polymer micelles with surface modification with Tat peptide in the intranasal administration enables the non-invasive delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain by increasing the transfer of the administered drug or small interfering ribonucleic acid to the central nervous system from the nasal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kanazawa
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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69
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Du Z, Zhang Y, Xu H, Lang M. Functionalized Pluronic-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) based nanocarriers of paclitaxel: solubilization, antiproliferative efficacy and in vivo pharmaceutic kinetics. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:3685-3694. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00196j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel paclitaxel (PTX) nanocarriers were developed based on the Pluronic-based pentablock copolymer and their pharmaceutical behaviours were thoroughly evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhen Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Heng Xu
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center for Petrochemical New Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anqing Normal University
- Anqing 246011
- P. R. China
| | - Meidong Lang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
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70
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Liu H, Zhang W, Ma L, Fan L, Gao F, Ni J, Wang R. The improved blood–brain barrier permeability of endomorphin-1 using the cell-penetrating peptide synB3 with three different linkages. Int J Pharm 2014; 476:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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71
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Targeted siRNA therapy using cytoplasm-responsive nanocarriers and cell-penetrating peptides. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-014-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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72
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Abstract
![]()
RNA
interference (RNAi) is an endogenous process in which small
noncoding RNAs, including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs
(miRNAs), post-transcriptionally regulate gene expressions. In general,
siRNA and miRNA/miRNA mimics are similar in nature and activity except
their origin and specificity. Although both siRNAs and miRNAs have
been extensively studied as novel therapeutics for a wide range of
diseases, the large molecular weight, anionic surface charges, instability
in blood circulation, and intracellular trafficking to the RISC after
cellular uptake have hindered the translation of these RNAs from bench
to clinic. As a result, a great variety of delivery systems have been
investigated for safe and effective delivery of small noncoding RNAs.
Among these systems, peptides, especially cationic peptides, have
emerged as a promising type of carrier due to their inherent ability
to condense negatively charged RNAs, ease of synthesis, controllable
size, and tunable structure. In this review, we will focus on three
major types of cationic peptides, including poly(l-lysine)
(PLL), protamine, and cell penetrating peptides (CPP), as well as
peptide targeting ligands that have been extensively used in RNA delivery.
The delivery strategies, applications, and limitations of these cationic
peptides in siRNA/miRNA delivery will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
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73
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Cationic surface charge enhances early regional deposition of liposomes after intracarotid injection. J Neurooncol 2014; 120:489-97. [PMID: 25195130 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid first pass uptake of drugs is necessary to increase tissue deposition after intraarterial (IA) injection. Here we tested whether brain tissue deposition of a nanoparticulate liposomal carrier could be enhanced by coordinated manipulation of liposome surface charge and physiological parameters, such as IA injection during transient cerebral hypoperfusion (TCH). Different degrees of blood-brain barrier disruption were induced by focused ultrasound in three sets of Sprague-Dawley rats. Brain tissue retention was then compared for anionic, cationic, and charge-neutral liposomes after IA injection combined with TCH. The liposomes contained a non-exchangeable carbocyanine membrane optical label that could be quantified using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) or visualized by multispectral imaging. Real-time concentration-time curves in brain were obtained after each liposomal injection. Having observed greater tissue retention of cationic liposomes compared to other liposomes in all three groups, we tested uptake of cationic liposomes in C6 tumor bearing rats. DRS and multispectral imaging of postmortem sections revealed increased liposomal uptake by the C6 brain tumor as compared to non-tumor contralateral hemisphere. We conclude that regional deposition of liposomes can be enhanced without BBB disruption using IA injection of cationic liposomal formulations in healthy and C6 tumor bearing rats.
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74
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Qian S, Wang Q, Zuo Z. Improved brain uptake of peptide-based CNS drugs via alternative routes of administrations of its nanocarrier delivery systems: a promising strategy for CNS targeting delivery of peptides. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:1491-508. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.956080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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75
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Hu Q, Liang B, Sun Y, Guo XL, Bao YJ, Xie DH, Zhou M, Duan YR, Yin PH, Peng ZH. Preparation of bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles, cellular uptake, distribution, and effect on colorectal cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4035-41. [PMID: 25187707 PMCID: PMC4149445 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s64708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have shown that bufalin can have a significant antitumor effect in a variety of tumors. However, because of toxicity, insolubility in water, fast metabolism, short half-life, and other shortcomings, its application is limited in cancer therapy. In this study, we explored the anti-metastatic role of bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles on HCT116 colon cancer-bearing mice. Nanoparticle size, shape, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release were studied. Also, cellular uptake of nanoparticles, in vivo tumor targeting, and tumor metastasis were studied. The nanoparticles had a particle size of about 60 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 75.71%, by weight. The in vitro release data showed that free bufalin was released faster than bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles, and almost 80% of free bufalin was released after 32 hours. Nanoparticles had an even size distribution, were stable, and had a slow release and a tumor-targeting effect. Bufalin-loaded pluronic polyetherimide nanoparticles can significantly inhibit the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jie Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hao Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Rong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hai Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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76
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Gu G, Hu Q, Feng X, Gao X, Menglin J, Kang T, Jiang D, Song Q, Chen H, Chen J. PEG-PLA nanoparticles modified with APTEDB peptide for enhanced anti-angiogenic and anti-glioma therapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8215-26. [PMID: 24974009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor neovasculature and tumor cells dual-targeting chemotherapy can not only destroy the tumor neovasculature, cut off the supply of nutrition and starve the tumor cells, but also directly kill tumor cells, holding great potential in overcoming the drawbacks of anti-angiogenic therapy only and improving the anti-glioma efficacy. In the present study, by taking advantage of the specific expression of fibronectin extra domain B (EDB) on both glioma neovasculature endothelial cells and glioma cells, we constructed EDB-targeted peptide APTEDB-modified PEG-PLA nanoparticles (APT-NP) for paclitaxel (PTX) loading to enable tumor neovasculature and tumor cells dual-targeting chemotherapy. PTX-loaded APT-NP showed satisfactory encapsulated efficiency, loading capacity and size distribution. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, APT-NP exhibited significantly elevated cellular accumulation via energy-dependent, caveolae and lipid raft-involved endocytosis, and improved PTX-induced apoptosis therein. Both in vitro tube formation assay and in vivo matrigel angiogenesis analysis confirmed that APT-NP significantly improved the antiangiogenic ability of PTX. In U87MG cells, APT-NP showed elevated cellular internalization and also enhanced the cytotoxicity of the loaded PTX. Following intravenous administration, as shown by both in vivo live animal imaging and tissue distribution analysis, APT-NP achieved a much higher and specific accumulation within the glioma. As a result, APT-NP-PTX exhibited improved anti-glioma efficacy over unmodified nanoparticles and Taxol(®) in both subcutaneous and intracranial U87MG xenograft models. These findings collectively indicated that APTEDB-modified nanoparticles might serve as a promising nanocarrier for tumor cells and neovasculature dual-targeting chemotherapy and hold great potential in improving the efficacy anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC), 479 Futexi First Road, Shanghai 200131, PR China
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xingye Feng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jiang Menglin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ting Kang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Di Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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77
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Du R, Zhong T, Zhang WQ, Song P, Song WD, Zhao Y, Wang C, Tang YQ, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Antitumor effect of iRGD-modified liposomes containing conjugated linoleic acid-paclitaxel (CLA-PTX) on B16-F10 melanoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3091-105. [PMID: 25028548 PMCID: PMC4077607 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s65664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we prepared a novel delivery system of iRGD (CRGDK/RGPD/EC)-modified sterically stabilized liposomes (SSLs) containing conjugated linoleic acid–paclitaxel (CLA-PTX). The anti-tumor effect of iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX was investigated on B16-F10 melanoma in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro targeting effect of iRGD-modified SSLs was investigated in a real-time confocal microscopic analysis experiment. An endocytosis-inhibition assay was used to evaluate the endocytosis pathways of the iRGD-modified SSLs. In addition, the in vitro cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity of iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX were evaluated in B16-F10 melanoma cells. In vivo biodistribution and in vivo antitumor effects of iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX were investigated in B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice. The induction of apoptosis by iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX was evaluated in tumor-tissue sections. Real-time confocal microscopic analysis results indicated that the iRGD-modified SSLs internalized into B16-F10 cells faster than SSLs. The identified endocytosis pathway of iRGD-modified SSLs indicated that energy- and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis played a key role in the liposomes’ cellular uptake. The results of the cellular uptake experiment indicated that the increased cellular uptake of CLA-PTX in the iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX-treated group was 1.9-, 2.4-, or 2.1-fold compared with that in the CLA-PTX group after a 2-, 4-, or 6-hour incubation, respectively. In the biodistribution test, the CLA-PTX level in tumor tissues from iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX-treated mice at 1 hour (1.84±0.17 μg/g) and 4 hours (1.17±0.28 μg/g) was 2.3- and 2.0-fold higher than that of CLA-PTX solution at 1 hour (0.79±0.06 μg/g) and 4 hours (0.58±0.04 μg/g). The value of the area under the curve for the first 24 hours in the tumors of iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX-treated mice was significantly higher than that in the SSL-CLA-PTX and CLA-PTX solution-treated groups (P<0.01). The in vivo antitumor results indicated that iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX significantly inhibited the growth of B16-F10 tumors compared with the SSL-CLA-PTX or CLA-PTX solution-treatment groups (P<0.01). The results of tumor-cell apoptosis showed that tumors from the iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX-treated group exhibited more advanced cell apoptosis compared with the control, CLA-PTX solution-, and SSL-CLA-PTX-treated groups. In conclusion, the antitumor effect of iRGD-SSL-CLA-PTX was confirmed on B16-F10 melanoma in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Ting Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Wen-Ding Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Yi-Qun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing ; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing ; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
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78
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Kang T, Gao X, Hu Q, Jiang D, Feng X, Zhang X, Song Q, Yao L, Huang M, Jiang X, Pang Z, Chen H, Chen J. iNGR-modified PEG-PLGA nanoparticles that recognize tumor vasculature and penetrate gliomas. Biomaterials 2014; 35:4319-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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79
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Facilitated brain delivery of poly (ethylene glycol)–poly (lactic acid) nanoparticles by microbubble-enhanced unfocused ultrasound. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3384-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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80
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Abstract
Neurodegeneration is characterized by a progressive loss of neuron structure and function. Most neurodegenerative diseases progress slowly over the time. There is currently no cure available for any neurodegenerative disease, and the existing therapeutic interventions only alleviate the symptoms of the disease. The advances in the drug discovery research have come to a halt with a lack of effective means to deliver drugs at the targeted site. In addition, the route of delivering the drugs is equally important as most invasive techniques lead to postoperative complications. This chapter focuses on a non-invasive, intranasal mode of therapeutic delivery using nanoparticles, which is currently being explored. The intranasal route of delivery is a well-established route to deliver drugs via the olfactory and trigeminal neuronal pathways. It is known to be the fastest and most effective way to bypass the blood-brain barrier to reach the central nervous system. The presented chapter highlights the method of intranasal delivery in mice using chitosan-siRNA nanoparticle formulation, under mild anesthesia and the identification of successful siRNA delivery in the brain tissues, through histology and other well-established laboratory protocols.
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81
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He H, Ye J, Wang Y, Liu Q, Chung HS, Kwon YM, Shin MC, Lee K, Yang VC. Cell-penetrating peptides meditated encapsulation of protein therapeutics into intact red blood cells and its application. J Control Release 2013; 176:123-132. [PMID: 24374002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) based drug carrier appears to be the most appealing for protein drugs due to their unmatched biocompatability, biodegradability, and long lifespan in the circulation. Numerous methods for encapsulating protein drugs into RBCs were developed, however, most of them induce partial disruption of the cell membrane, resulting in irreversible alterations in both physical and chemical properties of RBCs. Herein, we introduce a novel method for encapsulating proteins into intact RBCs, which was meditated by a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) developed in our lab-low molecular weight protamine (LMWP). l-asparaginase, one of the primary drugs used in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), was chosen as a model protein to illustrate the encapsulation into erythrocytes mediated by CPPs. In addition current treatment of ALL using different l-asparaginase delivery and encapsulation methods as well as their associated problems were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huining He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junxiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yinsong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hee Sun Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA
| | - Young Min Kwon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33328, USA
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA
| | - Kyuri Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA
| | - Victor C Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine & College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, South Korea
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82
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Wang Y, Liu P, Duan Y, Yin X, Wang Q, Liu X, Wang X, Zhou J, Wang W, Qiu L, Di W. Specific cell targeting with APRPG conjugated PEG-PLGA nanoparticles for treating ovarian cancer. Biomaterials 2013; 35:983-92. [PMID: 24176193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Good biocompatibility, specific tumor targeting, effective drug loading capacity and persistence in the circulation in vivo are imperative prerequisites for the antitumor efficiency of nanoparticles and their further clinical application. In this study, APRPG (Ala-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly) peptide-modified poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) nanoparticles (NP-APRPG) encapsulating inhibitors of angiogenesis (TNP-470) (TNP-470-NP-APRPG) were fabricated. TNP-470-NP-APRPG was designed to feature maleimide-PEG-PLA and mPEG-PLA as carrier materials, the APRPG peptide for targeting angiogenesis, PEG for prolonging circulation in vivo and PLA for loading TNP-470. TNP-470-NP-APRPG was confirmed to be approximately 130 nm in size with negative ζ-potential (-14.3 mV), narrow distribution (PDI = 0.27) and spherical morphology according to dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) analyses confirmed 7.73% APRPG grafting on the TNP-470-NP. In vitro, TNP-470-NP-APRPG exhibited effective inhibition of proliferation, migration and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Similar findings were observed for the retardation of tumor growth in SKOV3 ovarian cancer-bearing mice, suggesting the significant inhibition of angiogenesis and antitumor efficiency of TNP-470-NP-APRPG. Moreover, no obvious toxic drug responses were observed. Further evidence obtained from the immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that the tumor growth inhibition was closely correlated with the high rate of apoptosis among endothelial cells and the effective blockade of endothelial cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that NP-APRPG is a promising carrier for delivering TNP-470 to treat ovarian cancer and that this approach has the potential to achieve broad tumor coverage in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai 200127, PR China
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Curb challenges of the "Trojan Horse" approach: smart strategies in achieving effective yet safe cell-penetrating peptide-based drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1299-315. [PMID: 23369828 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-mediated intracellular drug delivery system, often specifically termed as "the Trojan horse approach", has become the "holy grail" in achieving effective delivery of macromolecular compounds such as proteins, DNA, siRNAs, and drug carriers. It is characterized by the unique cell- (or receptor-), temperature-, and payload-independent mechanisms, therefore offering potent means to improve poor cellular uptake of a variety of macromolecular drugs. Nevertheless, this "Trojan horse" approach also acts like a double-edged sword, causing serious safety and toxicity concerns to normal tissues or organs for in vivo application, due to lack of target selectivity of the powerful cell penetrating activity. To overcome this problem of potent yet non-selective penetration vs. targeting delivery, a number of "smart" strategies have been developed in recent years, including controllable CPP-based drug delivery systems based on various stimuli-responsive mechanisms. This review article provides a fundamental understanding of these smart systems, as well as a discussion of their real-time in vivo applicability.
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84
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Delivery of siRNA to the brain using a combination of nose-to-brain delivery and cell-penetrating peptide-modified nano-micelles. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9220-6. [PMID: 23992922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The potential for RNA-based agents to serve as effective therapeutics for central nerve systems (CNS) disorders has been successfully demonstrated in vitro. However, the blood-brain barrier limits the distribution of systemically administered therapeutics to the CNS, posing a major challenge for drug development aimed at combatting CNS disorders. Therefore, the development of effective strategies to enhance siRNA delivery to the brain is of great interest in clinical and pharmaceutical fields. To improve the efficiency of small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery to the brain, we developed a nose-to-brain delivery system combined with cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) modified nano-micelles comprising polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL) copolymers conjugated with the CPP, Tat (MPEG-PCL-Tat). In this study, we describe intranasal brain delivery of siRNA or dextran (Mw: 10,000 Da) as a model siRNA, by using MPEG-PCL-Tat. Intranasal delivery of dextran with MPEG-PCL-Tat improved brain delivery compared to intravenous delivery of dextran either with or without MPEG-PCL-Tat. We also studied the intranasal transfer of MPEG-PCL-Tat to the brain via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, the putative pathways to the brain from the nasal cavity. We found that MPEG-PCL-Tat accelerated transport along the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathway because of its high permeation across the nasal mucosa.
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85
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Shin MC, Zhang J, David AE, Trommer WE, Kwon YM, Min KA, Kim JH, Yang VC. Chemically and biologically synthesized CPP-modified gelonin for enhanced anti-tumor activity. J Control Release 2013; 172:169-178. [PMID: 23973813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ineffectiveness of small molecule drugs against cancer has generated significant interest in more potent macromolecular agents. Gelonin, a plant-derived toxin that inhibits protein translation, has attracted much attention in this regard. Due to its inability to internalize into cells, however, gelonin exerts only limited tumoricidal effect. To overcome this cell membrane barrier, we modified gelonin, via both chemical conjugation and genetic recombination methods, with low molecular weight protamine (LMWP), a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) which was shown to efficiently ferry various cargoes into cells. Results confirmed that gelonin-LMWP chemical conjugate (cG-L) and recombinant gelonin-LMWP chimera (rG-L) possessed N-glycosidase activity equivalent to that of unmodified recombinant gelonin (rGel); however, unlike rGel, both gelonin-LMWPs were able to internalize into cells. Cytotoxicity studies further demonstrated that cG-L and rG-L exhibited significantly improved tumoricidal effects, with IC50 values being 120-fold lower than that of rGel. Moreover, when tested against a CT26 s.c. xenograft tumor mouse model, significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed with rG-L doses as low as 2 μg/tumor, while no detectable therapeutic effects were seen with rGel at 10-fold higher doses. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of utilizing CPP-modified gelonin as a highly potent anticancer drug to overcome limitations of current chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meong Cheol Shin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Allan E David
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Wolfgang E Trommer
- Department of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, P.O. Box 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Young Min Kwon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S. University Dr., Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Jin H Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Victor C Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, 48109, USA.
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86
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The use of low molecular weight protamine chemical chimera to enhance monomeric insulin intestinal absorption. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7733-43. [PMID: 23863452 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although oral delivery of insulin offers a number of unmatched advantages, it nevertheless is beset by the poor permeability of insulin molecules through the epithelial cell membranes of the intestinal mucosal layer. We previously reported the development of low molecular weight protamine (LMWP) as a non-toxic yet potent cell-penetrating peptide, of which via covalent linkage was capable of translocating protein cargos through the membranes of almost all cell types. It is therefore hypothesized that LMWP could be practically employed as a safe and effective tool to deliver insulin across the intestinal mucosal membrane, thereby augmenting its absorption through the GI tract. However, formulating 1:1 monomeric insulin/LMWP conjugate presents a tall order of challenge, as the acidic insulin and basic LMWP would automatically form tight aggregates through electrostatic interactions. In this paper, we developed an innovative conjugation strategy to solve this problem, by using succinimidyl-[(N-maleimidopropionamido)-polyethyleneglycol] ester (NHS-PEG-MAL) as an intermediate cross-linker during the coupling process. Both SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy confirmed the formation of a homogenous, monomeric (1:1 ratio) insulin/LMWP conjugate without encountering the conventional problem of substrate aggregation. Cell culture studies demonstrated that transport of the Insulin-PEG-LMWP conjugate across the intestinal mucosal monolayer was augmented by almost five-folds compared to native insulin. Furthermore, results from the in situ loop absorption tests in rats showed that systemic pharmacological bioavailability of insulin was significantly enhanced after its conjugation with LMWP. Overall, the presented chemical conjugation with LMWP could offer a reliable and safe means to improve the intestinal permeability of therapeutic peptides/proteins, shedding light of the possibility for their effective oral delivery.
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87
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The influence of the penetrating peptide iRGD on the effect of paclitaxel-loaded MT1-AF7p-conjugated nanoparticles on glioma cells. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5138-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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88
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Liu X, Liu C, Zhang W, Xie C, Wei G, Lu W. Oligoarginine-modified biodegradable nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin. Int J Pharm 2013; 448:159-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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89
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Guastella AJ, Hickie IB, McGuinness MM, Otis M, Woods EA, Disinger HM, Chan HK, Chen TF, Banati RB. Recommendations for the standardisation of oxytocin nasal administration and guidelines for its reporting in human research. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:612-25. [PMID: 23265311 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of studies have reported on the salubrious effects of oxytocin nasal spray on social cognition and behavior in humans, across physiology (e.g., eye gaze, heart rate variability), social cognition (e.g., attention, memory, and appraisal), and behavior (e.g., trust, generosity). Findings suggest the potential of oxytocin nasal spray as a treatment for various psychopathologies, including autism and schizophrenia. There are, however, increasing reports of variability of response to oxytocin nasal spray between experiments and individuals. In this review, we provide a summary of factors that influence transmucosal nasal drug delivery, deposition, and their impact on bioavailability. These include variations in anatomy and resultant airflow dynamic, vascularisation, status of blood vessels, mode of spray application, gallenic formulation (including presence of uptake enhancers, control release formulation), and amount and method of administration. These key variables are generally poorly described and controlled in scientific reports, in spite of their potential to alter the course of treatment outcome studies. Based on this review, it should be of no surprise that differences emerge across individuals and experiments when nasal drug delivery methods are employed. We present recommendations for researchers to use when developing and administering the spray, and guidelines for reporting on peptide nasal spray studies in humans. We hope that these recommendations assist in establishing a scientific standard that can improve the rigor and subsequent reliability of reported effects of oxytocin nasal spray in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Guastella
- Brain & Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
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90
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Abstract
The ability of cell-penetrating peptides to cross plasma membranes has been used for various applications, including the delivery of bioactive molecules to inhibit disease-producing cellular mechanisms. Selective drug delivery into target cells improves drug distribution and decreases dosing and toxicity. In this review, the authors outline the main challenges in the field, namely clarification of mechanisms of entry into cells, as well as current and future perspectives regarding cell-penetrating peptides application for human therapeutics. Here, the authors discuss some of the factors that influence efficacy of delivery and review the current status of preclinical studies and clinical trials involving the use of cell-penetrating peptide-mediated delivery of therapeutics.
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91
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Hu Q, Gao X, Gu G, Kang T, Tu Y, Liu Z, Song Q, Yao L, Pang Z, Jiang X, Chen H, Chen J. Glioma therapy using tumor homing and penetrating peptide-functionalized PEG-PLA nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5640-50. [PMID: 23639530 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
By taking advantage of the excessively upregulated expression of neuropilin (NRP) on the surface of both glioma cells and endothelial cells of angiogenic blood vessels, the ligand of NRP with high affinity - tLyp-1 peptide, which also contains a CendR motif ((R/K)XX(R/K)), was functionalized to the surface of PEG-PLA nanoparticles (tLyp-1-NP) to mediate its tumor homing, vascular extravasation and deep penetration into the glioma parenchyma. The tLyp-1-NP was prepared via a maleimide-thiol coupling reaction with uniformly spherical shape under TEM and particle size of 111.30 ± 15.64 nm. tLyp-1-NP exhibited enhanced cellular uptake in both human umbilical vein endothelial cells and Rat C6 glioma cells, increased cytotoxicity of the loaded PTX, and improved penetration and growth inhibition in avascular C6 glioma spheroids. Selective accumulation and deep penetration of tLyp-1-NP at the glioma site was confirmed by in vivo imaging and glioma distribution analysis. The longest survival was achieved by those mice bearing intracranial C6 glioma treated with PTX-loaded tLyp-1-NP. The findings here strongly indicate that tLyp-1 peptide-functionalized nanoparticulate DDS could significantly improve the efficacy of paclitaxel glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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92
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Pardeshi CV, Belgamwar VS. Direct nose to brain drug delivery via integrated nerve pathways bypassing the blood-brain barrier: an excellent platform for brain targeting. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:957-72. [PMID: 23586809 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.790887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents a stringent barrier for delivery of neurotherapeutics in vivo. An attempt to overcome this barrier is represented by the direct transport of drugs from the nose to the brain along the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways. These nerve pathways initiate in the nasal cavity at olfactory neuroepithelium and terminate in the brain. An enormous range of neurotherapeutics, both macromolecules and low molecular weight drugs, can be delivered to the central nervous system (CNS) via this route. AREAS COVERED Present review highlights the literature on the anatomy-physiology of the nasal cavity, pathways and mechanisms of neurotherapeutic transport across nasal epithelium and their biofate and various strategies to enhance direct nose to brain drug delivery. The authors also emphasize a variety of drug molecules and carrier systems delivered via this route for treating CNS disorders. Patents related to direct nose to brain drug delivery systems have also been listed. EXPERT OPINION Direct nose to brain drug delivery system is a practical, safe, non-invasive and convenient form of formulation strategy and could be viewed as an excellent alternative approach to conventional dosage forms. Existence of a direct transport route from the nasal cavity to the brain, bypassing the BBB, would offer an exciting mode of delivering neurotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakantsing Vijaysing Pardeshi
- R C Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Department of Pharmaceutics, Near Karwand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Maharashtra, India.
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93
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Liu Z, Jiang M, Kang T, Miao D, Gu G, Song Q, Yao L, Hu Q, Tu Y, Pang Z, Chen H, Jiang X, Gao X, Chen J. Lactoferrin-modified PEG-co-PCL nanoparticles for enhanced brain delivery of NAP peptide following intranasal administration. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3870-81. [PMID: 23453061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Development of effective non-invasive drug delivery systems is of great importance to the treatment of Alzheimer's diseases and has made great progress in recent years. In this work, lactoferrin (Lf), a natural iron binding protein, whose receptor is highly expressed in both respiratory epithelial cells and neurons is here utilized to facilitate the nose-to-brain drug delivery of neuroprotection peptides. The Lf-conjugated PEG-PCL nanoparticle (Lf-NP) was constructed via a maleimide-thiol reaction with the Lf conjugation confirmed by CBQCA Protein Quantitation and XPS analysis. Other important parameters such as particle size distribution, zeta potential and in vitro release of fluorescent probes were also characterized. Compared with unmodified nanoparticles (NP), Lf-NP exhibited a significantly enhanced cellular accumulation in 16HBE14o-cells through both caveolae-/clathrin-mediated endocytosis and direct translocation. Following intranasal administration, Lf-NP facilitated the brain distribution of the coumarin-6 incorporated with the AUC0-8h in rat cerebrum (with hippocampus removed), cerebellum, olfactory tract, olfactory bulb and hippocampus 1.36, 1.53, 1.70, 1.57 and 1.23 times higher than that of coumarin-6 carried by NP, respectively. Using a neuroprotective peptide - NAPVSIPQ (NAP) as the model drug, the neuroprotective and memory improvement effect of Lf-NP was observed even at lower dose than that of NP in a Morris water maze experiment, which was also confirmed by the evaluation of acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase activity and neuronal degeneration in the mice hippocampus. In conclusion, Lf-NP may serve as a promising nose-to-brain drug delivery carrier especially for peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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94
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Xia H, Gu G, Hu Q, Liu Z, Jiang M, Kang T, Miao D, Song Q, Yao L, Tu Y, Chen H, Gao X, Chen J. Activatable Cell Penetrating Peptide-Conjugated Nanoparticles with Enhanced Permeability for Site-Specific Targeting Delivery of Anticancer Drug. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:419-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300520t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC), 1500 Zhangheng Road,
Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Guangzhi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Mengyin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, 250355, PR China
| | - Ting Kang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Deyu Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, 250355, PR China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of
Pharmacology,
Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai,
200025, PR China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of
Pharmacology,
Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai,
200025, PR China
| | - Yifan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of
Pharmacology,
Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai,
200025, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of
Pharmacology,
Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai,
200025, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
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95
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Overcoming oral insulin delivery barriers: application of cell penetrating peptide and silica-based nanoporous composites. Front Chem Sci Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-013-1306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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96
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Kam KR, Walsh LA, Bock SM, Koval M, Fischer KE, Ross RF, Desai TA. Nanostructure-mediated transport of biologics across epithelial tissue: enhancing permeability via nanotopography. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:164-71. [PMID: 23186530 PMCID: PMC4418930 DOI: 10.1021/nl3037799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate that nanotopographical cues can be utilized to enable biologics >66 kDa to be transported across epithelial monolayers. When placed in contact with epithelial monolayers, nanostructured thin films loosen the epithelial barrier and allow for significantly increased transport of FITC-albumin, FITC-IgG, and a model therapeutic, etanercept. Our work highlights the potential to use drug delivery systems which incorporate nanotopography to increase the transport of biologics across epithelial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly R Kam
- UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, 1700 4th Street, Building QB3 Room 204, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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97
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PEG-co-PCL nanoparticles modified with MMP-2/9 activatable low molecular weight protamine for enhanced targeted glioblastoma therapy. Biomaterials 2013; 34:196-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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98
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F3 peptide-functionalized PEG-PLA nanoparticles co-administrated with tLyp-1 peptide for anti-glioma drug delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:1135-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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99
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Wang Y, Guo M, Lu Y, Ding LY, Ron WT, Liu YQ, Song FF, Yu SQ. Alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate-emulsified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles for reversal of multidrug resistance in vitro. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:495103. [PMID: 23149859 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/49/495103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the factors in the failure of anticancer chemotherapy. In order to enhance the anticancer effect of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, inhibition of the P-gp efflux pump on MDR cells is a good tactic. We designed novel multifunctional drug-loaded alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs; SN-38 is 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), with TPGS-emulsified PLGA NPs as the carrier and modulator of the P-gp efflux pump and SN-38 as the model drug. TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs were prepared using a modified solvent extraction/evaporation method. Physicochemical characterizations of TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs were in conformity with the principle of nano-drug delivery systems (nDDSs), including a diameter of about 200 nm, excellent spherical particles with a smooth surface, narrow size distribution, appropriate surface charge, and successful drug-loading into the NPs. The cytotoxicity of TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs to MDR cells was increased by 3.56 times compared with that of free SN-38. Based on an intracellular accumulation study relative to the time-dependent uptake and efflux inhibition, we suggest novel mechanisms of MDR reversal of TPGS/PLGA NPs. Firstly, TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs improved the uptake of the loaded drug by clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the form of unbroken NPs. Simultaneously, intracellular NPs escaped the recognition of P-gp by MDR cells. After SN-38 was released from TPGS/PLGA/SN-38 NPs in MDR cells, TPGS or/and PLGA may modulate the efflux microenvironment of the P-gp pump, such as mitochondria and the P-gp domain with an ATP-binding site. Finally, the controlled-release drug entered the nucleus of the MDR cell to induce cytotoxicity. The present study showed that TPGS-emulsified PLGA NPs could be functional carriers in nDDS for anticancer drugs that are also P-gp substrates. More importantly, to enhance the therapeutic effect of P-gp substrates, this work might provide a new insight into the design of pharmacologically inactive excipients that can serve as P-gp modulators instead of drugs that are P-gp inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Medicinal Materials and Applications, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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100
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Yoshida T, Yoshioka Y, Matsuyama K, Nakazato Y, Tochigi S, Hirai T, Kondoh S, Nagano K, Abe Y, Kamada H, Tsunoda SI, Nabeshi H, Yoshikawa T, Tsutsumi Y. Surface modification of amorphous nanosilica particles suppresses nanosilica-induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and DNA damage in various mammalian cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:748-52. [PMID: 23044420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials have been utilized in various fields. In particular, amorphous nanosilica particles are increasingly being used in a range of applications, including cosmetics, food technology, and medical diagnostics. However, there is concern that the unique characteristics of nanomaterials might induce undesirable effects. The roles played by the physical characteristics of nanomaterials in cellular responses have not yet been elucidated precisely. Here, by using nanosilica particles (nSPs) with a diameter of 70nm whose surface was either unmodified (nSP70) or modified with amine (nSP70-N) or carboxyl groups (nSP70-C), we examined the relationship between the surface properties of nSPs and cellular responses such as cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and DNA damage. To compare the cytotoxicity of nSP70, nSP70-N, or nSP70-C, we examined in vitro cell viability after nSP treatment. Although the susceptibility of each cell line to the nSPs was different, nSP70-C and nSP70-N showed lower cytotoxicity than nSP70 in all cell lines. Furthermore, the generation of ROS and induction of DNA damage in nSP70-C- and nSP70-N-treated cells were lower than those in nSP70-treated cells. These results suggest that the surface properties of nSP70 play an important role in determining its safety, and surface modification of nSP70 with amine or carboxyl groups may be useful for the development of safer nSPs. We hope that our results will contribute to the development of safer nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokuyuki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Safety Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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