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Yang S, Zhu B, Yin P, Zhao L, Wang Y, Fu Z, Dang R, Xu J, Zhang J, Wen N. Integration of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes with Hydroxyapatite-Embedded Hyaluronic Acid-Alginate Hydrogel for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1590-1602. [PMID: 33455380 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of bone defects has plagued clinicians. Exosomes, the naturally secreted nanovesicles by cells, exhibit great potential in bone defect regeneration to realize cell-free therapy. In this work, we successfully revealed that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes could effectively promote the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of a murine calvariae preosteoblast cell line in vitro. Considering the long period of bone regeneration, to effectively exert the reparative effect of exosomes, we synthesized an injectable hydroxyapatite (HAP)-embedded in situ cross-linked hyaluronic acid-alginate (HA-ALG) hydrogel system to durably retain exosomes at the defect sites. Then, we combined the exosomes with the HAP-embedded in situ cross-linked HA-ALG hydrogel system to repair bone defects in rats in vivo. The results showed that the combination of exosomes and composite hydrogel could significantly enhance bone regeneration. Our experiment provides a new strategy for exosome-based therapy, which shows great potential in future tissue and organ repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peng Yin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lisheng Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yizhu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhiguang Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ruijie Dang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ning Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Yao H, Zou Y, Yang K, Yin L, Liu Y, Li R. TGFβ1 induces bone formation from BMP9-activated Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells, with possible involvement of non-canonical pathways. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1692-1703. [PMID: 32714072 PMCID: PMC7378670 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of bone defects is one of the most substantial and difficult clinical challenges in orthopedics. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) might play an important role in stimulating osteogenic differentiation of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9)-induced C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. In our current study, we examined the potential synergy between TGFβ1 and BMP9 in promoting the osteogenesis of C3H10T1/2 cells, and whether such effects could contribute to bone formation in vivo. Our experiment data indicated that TGFβ1 could increase the expression of osteogenic markers and the formation of mineralized calcium nodules in, while suppressing the proliferation of, BMP9-induced C3H10T1/2 cells. Furthermore, mice intramuscularly injected with BMP9/TGFβ1-transduced C3H10T1/2 cells into the gastrocnemius muscle on their tibiae developed ectopic bone masses with more mature osteoid structures, compared to those grafted with cells expressing BMP9/RFP. Subsequent mechanistic studies found that TGFβ1-induced enhancement of osteogenesis in BMP9-overexpressing C3H10T1/2 cells was accompanied by augmented expression of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), a collagen-specific molecular chaperone essential for collagen biosynthesis, and can be attenuated by pirfenidone, a known anti-fibrotic inhibitor. Interestingly, protein microarray analysis suggested that TGFβ1/BMP9-dependent osteogenesis of C3H10T1/2 cells seemed to involve several non-canonical signaling pathways such as Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. These results provided further evidence that TGFβ1 could promote bone formation from BMP9-induced C3H10T1/2 cells and shed important light on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulong Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- The Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bhamb N, Kanim LEA, Drapeau S, Mohan S, Vasquez E, Shimko D, McKAY W, Bae HW. Comparative Efficacy of Commonly Available Human Bone Graft Substitutes as Tested for Posterolateral Fusion in an Athymic Rat Model. Int J Spine Surg 2019; 13:437-458. [PMID: 31745449 DOI: 10.14444/6059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insufficient data exist on bone graft substitute materials efficacy; two thirds lack any clinical data.1,2 This prospective animal study identified efficacy differences among commercially available materials of several classes. Methods Historically validated muscle pouch osteoinduction study (OIS) and posterolateral fusion (PLF) were performed in an athymic rat model. Grafting material products implanted were demineralized bone matrix (DBM)-based allografts (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Crunch, Grafton Flex, Grafton Matrix, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse, and Progenix Plus), allografts (OsteoSponge, MinerOss), cellular allograft (Osteocel Plus), ceramics (Mozaik Strip), or activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA). After 4 weeks, OIS specimens were evaluated ex vivo by histologic osteoinductivity. After 8 weeks, PLF ex vivo specimens were evaluated for fusion by manual palpation (FMP), radiography (FXR), and histology (FHISTO). Results OIS: No materials exhibited a rejection reaction on histology. All DBM-based materials exhibited osteoinductive potential as new bone formation at > 88% of implanted sites. One plain allograft (OsteoSponge) formed bone at 25% of sites. No bone formed for one ceramic (Mozaik Strip), three activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty), or one cellular allograft, regardless of human bone marrow aspirate (hBMA) when added. PLF: Among the 10 DBMs, 6 had FMP of 100% (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Flex, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse), 2 had FMP of 94% (Grafton Crunch, Grafton Matrix), and 2 conditions had FMP of 0% (Progenix Plus, Progenix Plus + athymic rat iliac crest bone graft [arICBG]). Ceramics (Mozaik Strip), activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA), plain allograft (OsteoSponge, MinerOss (PLF study), and cellular allograft (Osteocel Plus) demonstrated 0% FMP. ArICBG demonstrated 13% FMP. Conclusions Eight DBM-based materials (Accell EVO3, DBX Mix, DBX Strip, Grafton Crunch, Grafton Flex, Grafton Matrix, Grafton Putty, Magnifuse) demonstrated excellent (> 90% FMP) efficacy in promoting fusion via bone healing. Two DBM conditions (Progenix Plus, Progenix Plus + arICBG) showed no manual palpation fusion (FMP). Systematically, over the 2 studies (OIS and PLF), cellular (Osteocel Plus), plain allografts (OsteoSponge, MinerOss; PLF study), ceramic (Mozaik Strip), and activated ceramics (Actifuse ABX Putty, Vitoss BA) demonstrated poor FMP efficacy (< 10%). Clinical Relevance When selecting DBMs, clinicians must be cognizant of variability in DBM efficacy by product and lot. While theoretically osteoinductive, cellular allograft and activated ceramics yielded poor in vivo efficacy. Whole allograft and ceramics may provide osteoconductive scaffolding for mixed-material grafting; however, surgeons should be cautious in using them alone. Direct clinical data are needed to establish efficacy for any bone graft substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Bhamb
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda E A Kanim
- Translational and Clinical Research, Spine Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyun W Bae
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Zhao Z, Liu J, Schneider A, Gao X, Ren K, Weir MD, Zhang N, Zhang K, Zhang L, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Human periodontal ligament stem cell seeding on calcium phosphate cement scaffold delivering metformin for bone tissue engineering. J Dent 2019; 91:103220. [PMID: 31678476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) develop a CPC-metformin scaffold with hPDLSC seeding for bone tissue engineering; and (2) investigate the effects of CPC-metformin scaffold on hPDLSC proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and bone matrix mineralization for the first time. METHODS hPDLSCs were harvested from extracted teeth. CPC scaffolds (with or without metformin) were prepared. Three groups were tested: (1) control group (growth medium); (2) osteogenic group (osteogenic medium); (3) metformin + osteogenic group (CPC-metformin scaffold, cultured in osteogenic medium). hPDLSC viability, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were measured. SEM was used to examine cell morphology. RESULTS After culturing for 14 days, all three groups demonstrated excellent hPDLSC attachment and viability, as shown in live-dead staining, CCK-8 assay, and SEM examinations. The osteogenic group had 3-8 folds, 5 folds and 6 folds of increases in osteogenic gene expressions, ALP activity and mineral synthesis, compared to control group. Furthermore, the metformin + osteogenic group had 3-fold to 4-fold increases over those of the osteogenic group in osteogenic gene expressions, ALP activity and mineral synthesis. CONCLUSIONS hPDLSCs were demonstrated to be a potent cell source for bone engineering. The novel CPC-metformin-hPDLSC construct is highly promising to enhance bone repair and regeneration efficacy in dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xianling Gao
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, & Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Huang X, Cen X, Zhang B, Liao Y, Zhao Z, Zhu G, Zhao Z, Liu J. The roles of circRFWD2 and circINO80 during NELL-1-induced osteogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8432-8441. [PMID: 31633307 PMCID: PMC6850935 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused heavy social and economic burdens worldwide. Nel‐like molecule, type 1 (NELL‐1) could enhance the osteogenesis and the repairment of bone defects, while the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to play critical roles in the tissue development and serve as biomarkers for various diseases. However, it remains unclear that the expression patterns of circRNAs and the roles of them played in recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis of human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs). In this study, we performed RNA‐sequencing to investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs in recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenic differentiation and identified two key circRNAs, namely circRFWD2 and circINO80. These two circRNAs were confirmed to be up‐regulated during recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis, and knockdown of them affected the positive effect of NELL‐1 on osteogenesis. CircRFWD2 and circINO80 could interact with hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p, which could inhibit the osteogenesis. Silencing hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p could partially reverse the negative effect of si‐circRFWD2 and si‐circINO80 on the osteogenesis. Therefore, circRFWD2 and circINO80 could regulate the expression of hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p and influence the recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. It opens a new window to better understanding the effects of NELL‐1 on the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs and provides potential molecular targets and novel methods for bone regeneration efficiently and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Temporomandibular Joint, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwei Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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56
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Growth factor delivery: Defining the next generation platforms for tissue engineering. J Control Release 2019; 306:40-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Xin L, Lin X, Pan Y, Zheng X, Shi L, Zhang Y, Ma L, Gao C, Zhang S. A collagen scaffold loaded with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells facilitates endometrial regeneration and restores fertility. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:160-171. [PMID: 31075515 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In women of reproductive age, severe injuries to the endometrium are often accompanied by endometrial scar formation or intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), which can result in infertility or miscarriage. Although many approaches have been used to treat severe IUAs, high recurrence rates and endometrial thinning have limited therapeutic efficiency. In this study, a collagen scaffold (CS) loaded with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) was fabricated and applied for endometrial regeneration. The CS/UC-MSCs promoted human endometrial stromal cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in vitro through paracrine effects. In a model of endometrial damage, transplantation with the CS/UC-MSCs maintained normal luminal structure, promoted endometrial regeneration and collagen remodeling, induced intrinsic endometrial cell proliferation and epithelium recovery, and enhanced the expression of estrogen receptor α and progesterone receptor. An improved ability of the regenerated endometrium to receive embryos was confirmed. Together, our results indicate that the CS/UC-MSCs promoted endometrial structural reconstruction and functional recovery. Topical administration of the CS/UC-MSCs after trans-cervical resection of adhesions might prevent re-adhesion, promote endometrium regeneration and improve pregnancy outcomes for patients with severe IUAs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Intrauterine adhesions due to severe endometrium injuries happen frequently in clinic and become one of the crucial reasons for women's infertility or miscarriage. Therefore, how to regenerate the damaged endometrium is a big challenge. In this study, a collagen scaffold (CS) loaded with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) was fabricated and applied for endometrium regeneration. Herein, UC-MSCs, known for low immunogenicity and high proliferative potential, exhibit promising potential for endometrium regeneration; and collagen scaffolds provide suitable physical support. It was proved that transplantation with CS/UC-MSCs promoted endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration. It suggested that topical administration of CS/UC-MSCs in uterus could be a promising strategy for patients suffering severe intrauterine adhesion and infertility.
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58
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Lin Y, Huang S, Zou R, Gao X, Ruan J, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Qin W, Chang X, Fu H, Xu HHK. Calcium phosphate cement scaffold with stem cell co-culture and prevascularization for dental and craniofacial bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1031-1041. [PMID: 31076156 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) mimic nanostructured bone minerals and are promising for dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications. Vascularization plays a critical role in bone regeneration. This article represents the first review on cutting-edge research on prevascularization of CPC scaffolds to enhance bone regeneration. METHODS This article first presented the prevascularization of CPC scaffolds. Then the co-culture of two cell types in CPC scaffolds was discussed. Subsequently, to further enhance the prevascularization efficacy, tri-culture of three different cell types in CPC scaffolds was presented. RESULTS (1) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) incorporation in CPC bone cement scaffold greatly enhanced cell affinity and bone prevascularization; (2) By introducing endothelial cells into the culture of osteogenic cells (co-culture of two different cell types, or bi-culture) in CPC scaffold, the bone defect area underwent much better angiogenic and osteogenic processes when compared to mono-culture; (3) Tri-culture with an additional cell type of perivascular cells (such as pericytes) resulted in a substantially enhanced prevascularization of CPC scaffolds in vitro and more new bone and blood vessels in vivo, compared to bi-culture. Furthermore, biological cell crosstalk and capillary-like structure formation made critical contributions to the bi-culture system. In addition, the pericytes in the tri-culture system substantially promoted stability and maturation of the primary vascular network. SIGNIFICANCE The novel approach of CPC scaffolds with stem cell bi-culture and tri-culture is of great significance in the regeneration of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic defects in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Xianling Gao
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Haijun Fu
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Mobilization of Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Erythropoietin Facilitates the Reconstruction of Segmental Bone Defect. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5750967. [PMID: 31065275 PMCID: PMC6466852 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5750967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of segmental bone defects poses a tremendous challenge for both orthopedic clinicians and scientists, since bone rehabilitation is requisite substantially and may be beyond the capacity of self-healing. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been identified as an optimal progenitor cell source to facilitate bone repair since they have a higher ability for proliferation and are more easily accessible than mature osteoblastic cells. In spite of the potential of BMSCs in regeneration medicine, particularly for bone reconstruction, noteworthy limitations still remain in previous application of BMSCs, including the amount of cells that could be recruited, the compromised bone migration of grafted cells, reduced proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation ability, and likely tumorigenesis. Our current work demonstrates that BMSCs transplanted through the caudal vein can be mobilized by erythropoietin (EPO) to the bone defect area and participate in regeneration of new bone. Based on the histological analysis and micro-CT findings of this study, EPO can dramatically promote the effects on the osteogenesis and angiogenesis efficiency of BMSCs in vivo. Animals that underwent EPO+BMSC administration demonstrated a remarkable increase in new bone formation, tissue structure organization, new vessel density, callus formation, and bone mineral density (BMD) compared with the BMSCs alone and control groups. At the biomechanical level, we demonstrated that combing transplantation of EPO and BMSCs enhances bone defect reconstruction by increasing the strength of the diaphysis, making it less fragile. Therefore, combination therapy using EPO infusion and BMSC transplantation may be a new therapeutic strategy for the reconstruction of segmental bone defect.
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Park JH, Jung SY, Lee CK, Ban MJ, Lee SJ, Kim HY, Oh HJ, Kim BK, Park HS, Jang SH, Kim HS. A 3D-printed polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate mandibular prosthesis: A pilot animal study. Laryngoscope 2019; 130:358-366. [PMID: 30861134 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of a tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cell (TMSC)-transplanted polycaprolactone/beta-tricalcium phosphate prosthesis (specifically designed for easier fixing and grafting with a single scaffold) on rabbit mandible osteogenesis. METHODS The mandibles of 18 rabbits were exposed, and 10 × 8-mm bone defects were made. Two rabbits did not receive implants; four were reconstructed with the scaffold control (SC) (SC group); four were reconstructed with scaffolds soaked in peripheral blood (PB) (PB group); four were reconstructed with TMSC-transplanted scaffolds (TMSC group); and four were reconstructed with differentiated osteocyte-transplanted scaffolds (DOC) (DOC group). Each rabbit was sacrificed 12 weeks after surgery, and the area of new bone formation was investigated by mechanical testing, histology, and micro-computed tomography. RESULTS More extended and denser new bone masses were observed in the TMSC and DOC groups, although fibrosis and vascular formation levels were similar in all groups, suggesting that the dual-structured scaffold alone provides a good environment for bone attachment and regeneration. The bone volumes of representative scaffolds from the SC, PB, TMSC, and DOC groups were 43.12, 48.35, 53.10, and 57.44% of the total volumes, respectively. CONCLUSION The design of the scaffold resulted in effective osteogenesis, and TMSCs showed osteogenic potency, indicating that their combination could enable effective bone regeneration. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 130:358-366, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chuncheon
| | - Soo Yeon Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul
| | - Chi-Kyou Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chuncheon
| | - Myung Jin Ban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chuncheon
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Ha Yeong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul.,Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul
| | | | - Byeong Kook Kim
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sang Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon
| | - Si-Hyong Jang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine , Soonchunhyang University, Chuncheon
| | - Han Su Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
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Biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of guided bone regeneration membrane based on chitosan-coated magnesium alloy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:226-235. [PMID: 30948056 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ideally, a guided bone regeneration membrane (GBRM) should possess high strength, as for titanium membranes, along with excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, as for natural absorbable collagen membranes. Besides titanium, magnesium (Mg) is another metal widely used in the biomedical field, which also exhibits biodegradability. In this study, a composite chitosan‑magnesium (CS-Mg) membrane was fabricated by dip-coating Mg alloy into chitosan solution. In vitro and in vivo tests were performed to investigate whether this membrane could be used as biodegradable GBRM, and the test results were compared with those obtained for a commercial GBRM (Heal-All). The microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-electron dispersive spectroscopy. The degradation behavior was investigated by immersing the membranes into Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM). The in vitro biocompatibility was evaluated by cell adhesion, cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays using MG63 cells. The cytotoxicity and ALP assays were performed with diluted extracts of Mg, CS-Mg and Heal-All. The results show that CS-Mg has a suitable degradation rate, as well as similar cell adhesion and cytocompatibility to Heal-All. However, the 10% CS-Mg extracts exhibited higher ALP activity at 3 and 5 days (p < 0.05) compared with the medium control and the Heal-All extracts, but no differences with 10% Mg extracts (p > 0.05). Rabbit calvarial defects were used for testing the osteogenic activity in vivo. Three groups of samples were examined: CS-Mg, Heal-All, and a blank control. Higher amounts of new bone were formed for the CS-Mg and Heal-All groups (p < 0.05) compared with the blank control, whereas no significant differences between the CS-Mg and Heal-All groups were observed (p > 0.1). In conclusion, the CS-Mg membrane shows great potential for application as a biodegradable metallic GBRM with excellent osteogenic activity.
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62
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Bone Tissue Engineering Using Human Cells: A Comprehensive Review on Recent Trends, Current Prospects, and Recommendations. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of proper cells for bone tissue engineering remains a major challenge worldwide. Cells play a pivotal role in the repair and regeneration of the bone tissue in vitro and in vivo. Currently, a large number of differentiated (somatic) and undifferentiated (stem) cells have been used for bone reconstruction alone or in combination with different biomaterials and constructs (e.g., scaffolds). Although the results of the cell transplantation without any supporting or adjuvant material have been very effective with regard to bone healing. Recent advances in bone scaffolding are now becoming new players affecting the osteogenic potential of cells. In the present study, we have critically reviewed all the currently used cell sources for bone reconstruction and discussed the new horizons that are opening up in the context of cell-based bone tissue engineering strategies.
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Evaluation of Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Porous Scaffolds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1084:207-220. [PMID: 31214911 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) are multiple potential stem cells that can differentiate into various kinds of functional cells, including adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondroblasts. Thus, UCMSCs have recently been used in both stem cell therapy and tissue engineering applications to produce various functional tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation and differentiation of UCMSCs on porous scaffolds. METHODS UCMSCs were established in a previous study and kept in liquid nitrogen. They were thawed and expanded in vitro to yield enough cells for further experiments. The cells were characterized as having MSC phenotype. They were seeded onto culture medium-treated porous scaffolds or on non-treated porous scaffolds at different densities of UCMSCs (105, 2.1 × 105, and 5 × 105 cells/0.005 g scaffold). The existence of UCMSCs on the scaffold was evaluated by nucleic staining using Hoechst 33342 dye, while cell proliferation on the scaffold was determined by MTT assay. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by changes in cellular morphology, accumulation of extracellular calcium, and expression of osteoblast-specific genes (including runx2, osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN)). RESULTS The data showed that UCMSCs could attach, proliferate, and differentiate on both treated and non-treated scaffolds but were better on the treated scaffold. At a cell density of 105 cells/0.005 g scaffold, the adherent and proliferative abilities of UCMSCs were higher than that of the other densities after 14 days of culture (p < 0.05). Adherent UCMSCs on the scaffold could be induced into osteoblasts in the osteogenic medium after 21 days of induction. These cells accumulated calcium in the extracellular matrix that was positive with Alizarin Red staining. They also expressed some genes related to osteoblasts, including runx2, OPN, and OCN. CONCLUSION UCMSCs could adhere, proliferate, and differentiate into osteoblasts on porous scaffolds. Therefore, porous scaffolds (such as Variotis) may be suitable scaffolds for producing bone tissue in combination with UCMSCs.
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64
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Ma J, Lin L, Zuo Y, Zou Q, Ren X, Li J, Li Y. Modification of 3D printed PCL scaffolds by PVAc and HA to enhance cytocompatibility and osteogenesis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5338-5346. [PMID: 35515952 PMCID: PMC9060692 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of PVAc and HA on the surface structure of PCL and the in vivo bone repair activity of scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Ma
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Lili Lin
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Qin Zou
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Ren
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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65
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Petridis X, Beems BP, Tomson PL, Scheven B, Giepmans BNG, Kuipers J, van der Sluis LWM, Harmsen MC. Effect of Dentin Matrix Components on the Mineralization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:1104-1115. [PMID: 30444193 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT This research has been conducted with the aim to contribute to the development of treatment modalities for the reconstruction of lost/damaged mineralized tissues. Currently, determining the most appropriate stromal cell population and signaling cues stands at the core of developing effective treatments. We provide new insights into the effect of innate inductive cues found in human dentin matrix components, on the osteogenic differentiation of various human stromal cell types. The effects of dentin extracellular matrix components on umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells have not been investigated before. The findings of this study could underpin translational research based on the development of techniques for mineralized tissue engineering and will be of great interest for the readership of Tissue Engineering Part A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenos Petridis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas P Beems
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Phillip L Tomson
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Scheven
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc W M van der Sluis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- 4Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Luo J, Zhang X, Ong’achwa Machuki J, Dai C, Li Y, Guo K, Gao F. Three-Dimensionally N-Doped Graphene–Hydroxyapatite/Agarose as an Osteoinductive Scaffold for Enhancing Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:299-310. [PMID: 35016353 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Jeremiah Ong’achwa Machuki
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chengbai Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Kaijin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
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67
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Lin L, Ma J, Mei Q, Cai B, Chen J, Zuo Y, Zou Q, Li J, Li Y. Elastomeric Polyurethane Foams Incorporated with Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Fillers for Plastic Reconstruction. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8120972. [PMID: 30477270 PMCID: PMC6316613 DOI: 10.3390/nano8120972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plastic surgeons have long searched for the ideal materials to use in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. The aim of this study was to obtain a novel porous elastomer based on designed aliphatic polyurethane (PU) and nanosized hydroxyapatite (n-HA) fillers for plastic reconstruction. The physicochemical properties of the prepared composite elastomer were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal analysis, mechanical tests, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results assessed by the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated that the n-HA/PU compounded foams had a good elasticity, flexibility, and supporting strength. The homogenous dispersion of the n-HA fillers could be observed throughout the cross-linked PU matrix. The porous elastomer also showed a uniform pore structure and a resilience to hold against general press and tensile stress. In addition, the elastomeric foams showed no evidence of cytotoxicity and exhibited the ability to enhance cell proliferation and attachment when evaluated using rat-bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The animal experiments indicated that the porous elastomers could form a good integration with bone tissue. The presence of n-HA fillers promoted cell infiltration and tissue regeneration. The elastomeric and bioactive n-HA/PU composite foam could be a good candidate for future plastic reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lin
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jingqi Ma
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Quanjing Mei
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bin Cai
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Qin Zou
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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68
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Wang S, Zhao Z, Yang Y, Mikos AG, Qiu Z, Song T, Cui F, Wang X, Zhang C. A high-strength mineralized collagen bone scaffold for large-sized cranial bone defect repair in sheep. Regen Biomater 2018; 5:283-292. [PMID: 30338126 PMCID: PMC6184757 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rby020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-sized cranial bone defect repair presents a great challenge in the clinic. The ideal cranioplasty materials to realize the functional and cosmetic recovery of the defect must have sufficient mechanical support, excellent biocompatibility, good osseointegration and biodegradability as well. In this study, a high-strength mineralized collagen (MC) bone scaffold was developed with biomimetic composition, microstructure and mechanical properties for the repair of sheep large-sized cranial bone defects in comparison with two traditional cranioplasty materials, polymethyl methacrylate and titanium mesh. The compact MC scaffold showed no distinct pore structure and therefore possessed good mechanical properties. The strength and elastic modulus of the scaffold were much higher than those of natural cancellous bone and slightly lower than those of natural compact bone. In vitro cytocompatibility evaluation revealed that the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) had good viability, attachment and proliferation on the compact MC scaffold indicating its excellent biocompatibility. An adult sheep cranial bone defect model was constructed to evaluate the performances of these cranioplasty materials in repairing the cranial bone defects. The results were investigated by gross observation, computed tomography scanning as well as histological assessments. The in vivo evaluations indicated that compact MC scaffold showed notable osteoconductivity and osseointegration with surrounding cranial bone tissues by promoting bone regeneration. Our results suggested that the compact MC scaffold has a promising potential for large-sized cranial bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical School, Baotou, China
| | - Yongdong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhiye Qiu
- Beijing Allgens Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Tianxi Song
- Beijing Allgens Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Fuzhai Cui
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical School, Baotou, China
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69
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Perez JR, Kouroupis D, Li DJ, Best TM, Kaplan L, Correa D. Tissue Engineering and Cell-Based Therapies for Fractures and Bone Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:105. [PMID: 30109228 PMCID: PMC6079270 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone fractures and segmental bone defects are a significant source of patient morbidity and place a staggering economic burden on the healthcare system. The annual cost of treating bone defects in the US has been estimated to be $5 billion, while enormous costs are spent on bone grafts for bone injuries, tumors, and other pathologies associated with defective fracture healing. Autologous bone grafts represent the gold standard for the treatment of bone defects. However, they are associated with variable clinical outcomes, postsurgical morbidity, especially at the donor site, and increased surgical costs. In an effort to circumvent these limitations, tissue engineering and cell-based therapies have been proposed as alternatives to induce and promote bone repair. This review focuses on the recent advances in bone tissue engineering (BTE), specifically looking at its role in treating delayed fracture healing (non-unions) and the resulting segmental bone defects. Herein we discuss: (1) the processes of endochondral and intramembranous bone formation; (2) the role of stem cells, looking specifically at mesenchymal (MSC), embryonic (ESC), and induced pluripotent (iPSC) stem cells as viable building blocks to engineer bone implants; (3) the biomaterials used to direct tissue growth, with a focus on ceramic, biodegradable polymers, and composite materials; (4) the growth factors and molecular signals used to induce differentiation of stem cells into the osteoblastic lineage, which ultimately leads to active bone formation; and (5) the mechanical stimulation protocols used to maintain the integrity of the bone repair and their role in successful cell engraftment. Finally, a couple clinical scenarios are presented (non-unions and avascular necrosis—AVN), to illustrate how novel cell-based therapy approaches can be used. A thorough understanding of tissue engineering and cell-based therapies may allow for better incorporation of these potential therapeutic approaches in bone defects allowing for proper bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Perez
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Deborah J Li
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Thomas M Best
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lee Kaplan
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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70
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Fu Y, Karbaat L, Wu L, Leijten J, Both SK, Karperien M. Trophic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 23:515-528. [PMID: 28490258 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to hold great therapeutic value for cell-based therapy and for tissue regeneration in particular. Recent evidence indicates that the main underlying mechanism for MSCs' beneficial effects in tissue regeneration is based on their capability to produce a large variety of bioactive trophic factors that stimulate neighboring parenchymal cells to start repairing damaged tissues. These new findings could potentially replace the classical paradigm of MSC differentiation and cell replacement. These bioactive factors have diverse actions like modulating the local immune system, enhancing angiogenesis, preventing cell apoptosis, and stimulating survival, proliferation, and differentiation of resident tissue specific cells. Therefore, MSCs are referred to as conductors of tissue repair and regeneration by secreting trophic mediators. In this review article, we have summarized the studies that focused on the trophic effects of MSC within the context of tissue regeneration. We will also highlight the various underlying mechanisms used by MSCs to act as trophic mediators. Besides the secretion of growth factors, we discuss two additional mechanisms that are likely to mediate MSC's beneficial effects in tissue regeneration, namely the production of extracellular vesicles and the formation of membrane nanotubes, which can both connect different cells and transfer a variety of trophic factors varying from proteins to mRNAs and miRNAs. Furthermore, we postulate that apoptosis of the MSCs is an integral part of the trophic effect during tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fu
- 1 Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology & Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Karbaat
- 1 Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology & Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Ling Wu
- 2 Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- 1 Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology & Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Sanne K Both
- 1 Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology & Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- 1 Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology & Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands
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Sun T, Liu M, Yao S, Ji Y, Xiong Z, Tang K, Chen K, Yang H, Guo X. Biomimetic Composite Scaffold Containing Small Intestinal Submucosa and Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Exhibits High Osteogenic and Angiogenic Capacity. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1044-1056. [PMID: 29350101 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials with excellent osteogenic and angiogenic activities are desirable to repair massive bone defects. Decellularized matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has attracted particular attention for tissue regeneration because it has strong angiogenic effects and retains plentiful bioactive components. However, it has inferior osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity. In this study, we developed porous composite of SIS combined with mesoporous bioactive glass (SIS/MBG) with the goal of improving the mechanical and biological properties. SIS/MBG scaffolds showed uniform interconnected macropores (∼150 μm), high porosity (∼76%), and enhanced compressive strength (∼0.87 MPa). The proliferation and osteogenic gene expression (Runx2, ALP, Ocn, and Col-Iα) of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) as well as the proliferation, angiogenic gene expression (VEGF, bFGF, and KDR), and tube formation capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in SIS/MBG scaffolds were significantly upregulated compared with nonmesoporous bioactive glass (BG)-modified SIS (SIS/BG) and SIS-only scaffolds. Western blot analysis revealed that SIS/MBG induced rBMSCs to osteogenic differentiation through the activation of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, and SIS/MBG enhanced angiogenic activity of HUVEC through the activation of PI3k/Akt pathways. The in vivo results demonstrated that SIS/MBG scaffolds significantly enhanced new bone formation and neovascularization simultaneously in critical-sized rat calvarial defects as compared with SIS/BG and SIS. Collectively, the osteostimulative and angiostimulative biomimetic composite scaffold SIS/MBG represents an exciting biomaterial option for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Sun
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Man Liu
- 2 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taikang Tongji Hospital , Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhui Ji
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Zekang Xiong
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Tang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Kaifang Chen
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Yang
- 3 Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia.,4 Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia.,5 Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
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Al Jofi FE, Ma T, Guo D, Schneider MP, Shu Y, Xu HHK, Schneider A. Functional organic cation transporters mediate osteogenic response to metformin in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:650-659. [PMID: 29555409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence indicates that metformin, a low-cost and safe orally administered biguanide prescribed to millions of type 2 diabetics worldwide, induces the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) through the 5' adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. As a highly hydrophilic cationic compound, metformin uptake is facilitated by cell membrane organic cation transporters (OCTs) of the solute carrier 22A gene family. We hypothesized that to effectively enhance osteogenic differentiation, and ultimately bone regeneration, metformin must gain access into functional OCT-expressing MSCs. METHODS Data was obtained through immunoblotting, cellular uptake, mineralization and gene expression assays. RESULTS We demonstrate for the first time that functional OCTs are expressed in human-derived MSCs from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly, an inexhaustible source of nonembryonic MSCs with proven osteogenic potential. A clinically relevant concentration of metformin led to AMPK activation, enhanced mineralized nodule formation and increased expression of the osteogenic transcription factor Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Indeed, targeting OCT function through pharmacological and genetic approaches markedly blunted these responses. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that functional OCT expression in UC-MSCs is a biological prerequisite that facilitates the intracellular uptake of metformin to induce an osteogenic effect. Future pre-clinical studies are warranted to investigate whether the expression of functional OCTs may serve as a potential biomarker to predict osteogenic responses to metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal E Al Jofi
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Preventive Dental Science, Division of Periodontics, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Monica P Schneider
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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73
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Sun T, Yao S, Liu M, Yang Y, Ji Y, Cui W, Qu Y, Guo X. Composite Scaffolds of Mineralized Natural Extracellular Matrix on True Bone Ceramic Induce Bone Regeneration Through Smad1/5/8 and ERK1/2 Pathways. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:502-515. [PMID: 28602124 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taikang Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yushi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhui Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanzhen Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
The craniofacial complex is composed of fundamental components such as blood vessels and nerves, and also a variety of specialized tissues such as craniofacial bones, cartilages, muscles, ligaments, and the highly specialized and unique organs, the teeth. Together, these structures provide many functions including speech, mastication, and aesthetics of the craniofacial complex. Craniofacial defects not only influence the structure and function of the jaws and face, but may also result in deleterious psychosocial issues, emphasizing the need for rapid and effective, precise, and aesthetic reconstruction of craniofacial tissues. In a broad sense, craniofacial tissue reconstructions share many of the same issues as noncraniofacial tissue reconstructions. Therefore, many concepts and therapies for general tissue engineering can and have been used for craniofacial tissue regeneration. Still, repair of craniofacial defects presents unique challenges, mainly because of their complex and unique 3D geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Pamela Crotty Yelick
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
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75
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Huang YC, Xiao J, Leung VY, Lu WW, Hu Y, Luk KDK. Lumbar intervertebral disc allograft transplantation: the revascularisation pattern. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2017; 27:728-736. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-017-5419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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76
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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77
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Zhang C, Hu K, Liu X, Reynolds MA, Bao C, Wang P, Zhao L, Xu HH. Novel hiPSC-based tri-culture for pre-vascularization of calcium phosphate scaffold to enhance bone and vessel formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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78
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Elkhenany H, Bourdo S, Hecht S, Donnell R, Gerard D, Abdelwahed R, Lafont A, Alghazali K, Watanabe F, Biris AS, Anderson D, Dhar M. Graphene nanoparticles as osteoinductive and osteoconductive platform for stem cell and bone regeneration. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2117-2126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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79
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Sladkova M, Palmer M, Öhman C, Cheng J, Al-Ansari S, Saad M, Engqvist H, de Peppo GM. Engineering human bone grafts with new macroporous calcium phosphate cement scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017. [PMID: 28635177 DOI: 10.1002/term.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone engineering opens the possibility to grow large amounts of tissue products by combining patient-specific cells with compliant biomaterials. Decellularized tissue matrices represent suitable biomaterials, but availability, long processing time, excessive cost, and concerns on pathogen transmission have led to the development of biomimetic synthetic alternatives. We recently fabricated calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds with variable macroporosity using a facile synthesis method with minimal manufacturing steps and demonstrated long-term biocompatibility in vitro. However, there is no knowledge on the potential use of these scaffolds for bone engineering and whether the porosity of the scaffolds affects osteogenic differentiation and tissue formation in vitro. In this study, we explored the bone engineering potential of CPC scaffolds with two different macroporosities using human mesenchymal progenitors derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-MP) or isolated from bone marrow (BMSC). Biomimetic decellularized bone scaffolds were used as reference material in all experiments. The results demonstrate that, irrespective of their macroporosity, the CPC scaffolds tested in this study support attachment, viability, and growth of iPSC-MP and BMSC cells similarly to decellularized bone. Importantly, the tested materials sustained differentiation of the cells as evidenced by increased expression of osteogenic markers and formation of a mineralized tissue. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the CPC scaffolds fabricated using our method are suitable to engineer bone grafts from different cell sources and could lead to the development of safe and more affordable tissue grafts for reconstructive dentistry and orthopaedics and in vitro models for basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sladkova
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Palmer
- Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Caroline Öhman
- Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jiayi Cheng
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shoug Al-Ansari
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Munerah Saad
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Håkan Engqvist
- Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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80
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Sun T, Zhou K, Liu M, Guo X, Qu Y, Cui W, Shao Z, Zhang X, Xu S. Loading of BMP-2-related peptide onto three-dimensional nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds accelerates mineralization in critical-sized cranial bone defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:864-877. [PMID: 27885807 DOI: 10.1002/term.2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion free-forming, as a rapid prototyping technique, is extensively applied in fabricating ceramic material in bone tissue engineering. To improve the osteoinductivity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) scaffold fabricated by extrusion free-forming, in this study, we incorporated a new peptide (P28) and optimized the superficial microstructure after shaping by controlling the sintering temperature. P28, a novel bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2)-related peptide, was designed in this study. Analysis of the structure, physicochemical properties and release kinetics of P28 from nHA sintered at temperatures ranging from 1000 °C to 1400 °C revealed that nHA sintered at 1000 °C had higher porosity, preferable pore size and better capacity to control P28 release than that sintered at other temperatures. Moreover, the nHA scaffold sintered at 1000 °C with P28 showed improved adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells compared with scaffolds lacking P28 or BMP-2. In vivo, nHA scaffolds sintered at 1000 °C with P28 or BMP-2 induced greater bone regeneration in critical-sized rat cranial defects at 6 and 12 weeks post-implantation compared with scaffolds lacking P28 or BMP-2. Thus, nHA scaffolds sintered at 1000 °C and loaded with P28 may be excellent biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kui Zhou
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yanzhen Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - ZengWu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xianglin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuyun Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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81
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Chen W, Liu X, Chen Q, Bao C, Zhao L, Zhu Z, Xu HHK. Angiogenic and osteogenic regeneration in rats via calcium phosphate scaffold and endothelial cell co-culture with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), human umbilical cord MSCs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs and human embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:191-203. [PMID: 28098961 DOI: 10.1002/term.2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a limiting factor in regenerating large bone defects. The objective of this study was to investigate angiogenic and osteogenic effects of co-culture on calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different origins for the first time. hUVECs were co-cultured with four types of cell: human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs), human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs) and MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (hESC-MSCs). Constructs were implanted in 8 mm cranial defects of rats for 12 weeks. CPC without cells served as control 1. CPC with hBMSCs served as control 2. Microcapillary-like structures were successfully formed on CPC in vitro in all four co-cultured groups. Microcapillary lengths increased with time (p < 0.05). Osteogenic and angiogenic gene expressions were highly elevated and mineralization by co-cultured cells increased with time (p < 0.05). New bone amount and blood vessel density of co-cultured groups were much greater than controls (p < 0.05) in an animal study. hUVECs co-cultured with hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs and hESC-MSCs achieved new bone and vessel density similar to hUVECs co-cultured with hBMSCs (p > 0.1). Therefore, hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs and hESC-MSCs could serve as alternative cell sources to hBMSCs, which require an invasive procedure to harvest. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that co-cultures of hUVECs with hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hBMSCs delivered via CPC scaffold achieved excellent osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities in vivo. The novel co-culture constructs are promising for bone reconstruction with improved angiogenesis for craniofacial/orthopaedic applications. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qianmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland at Baltimore County, Baltimore County, MD, USA
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82
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Qiu G, Shi Z, Xu HH, Yang B, Weir MD, Li G, Song Y, Wang J, Hu K, Wang P, Zhao L. Bone regeneration in minipigs via calcium phosphate cement scaffold delivering autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and platelet‐rich plasma. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e937-e948. [PMID: 28102000 DOI: 10.1002/term.2416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengtao Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShunde First People Hospital Shunde Guangdong China
| | - Zhanjun Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Hockin H.K. Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer CenterUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Guangjun Li
- Department of Spinal SurgeryNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDeqing Hospital Huzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yang Song
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Jixing Wang
- Department of Spinal SurgeryNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Kevin Hu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
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83
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Wang S, Yang Y, Zhao Z, Wang X, Mikos AG, Qiu Z, Song T, Sun X, Zhao L, Zhang C, Cui F. Mineralized Collagen-Based Composite Bone Materials for Cranial Bone Regeneration in Developing Sheep. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1092-1099. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongdong Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department
of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical School, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department
of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Zhiye Qiu
- Beijing Allgens Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Tianxi Song
- Beijing Allgens Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department
of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical School, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Fuzhai Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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84
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Ding X, Yang G, Zhang W, Li G, Lin S, Kaplan DL, Jiang X. Increased stem cells delivered using a silk gel/scaffold complex for enhanced bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2175. [PMID: 28526887 PMCID: PMC5438390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The low in vivo survival rate of scaffold-seeded cells is still a challenge in stem cell-based bone regeneration. This study seeks to use a silk hydrogel to deliver more stem cells into a bone defect area and prolong the viability of these cells after implantation. Rat bone marrow stem cells were mingled with silk hydrogels at the concentrations of 1.0 × 105/mL, 1.0 × 106/mL and 1.0 × 107/mL before gelation, added dropwise to a silk scaffold and applied to a rat calvarial defect. A cell tracing experiment was included to observe the preservation of cell viability and function. The results show that the hydrogel with 1.0 × 107/mL stem cells exhibited the best osteogenic effect both in vitro and in vivo. The cell-tracing experiment shows that cells in the 1.0 × 107 group still survive and actively participate in new bone formation 8 weeks after implantation. The strategy of pre-mingling stem cells with the hydrogel had the effect of delivering more stem cells for bone engineering while preserving the viability and functions of these cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Ding
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guangzheng Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guanglong Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Oral Bioengineering and regenerative medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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85
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Xu L, Ding L, Wang L, Cao Y, Zhu H, Lu J, Li X, Song T, Hu Y, Dai J. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on scaffolds facilitate collagen degradation via upregulation of MMP-9 in rat uterine scars. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:84. [PMID: 28420433 PMCID: PMC5395893 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe injuries of the uterus may trigger uterine scar formation, ultimately leading to infertility or obstetrical complications. To date, few methods have adequately solved the problem of collagen deposition in uterine scars. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have shown great promise in clinical applications. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a scaffold/UC-MSCs construct on collagen degradation and functional regeneration in rat uterine scars following full-thickness excision of uterine walls. METHODS In order to establish a rat model of uterine scars, the uterine wall of approximately 1.0 cm in length and 0.5 cm in width (one-third of the uterine circumference) was excised from each uterine horn. A total of 128 scarred uterine horns from 64 rats were randomly assigned to four groups, including a PBS group (n = 32 uterine horns), scaffold group (n = 32 uterine horns), UC-MSCs group (n = 32 uterine horns) and scaffold/UC-MSCs group (n = 32 uterine horns) to investigate the effect of different treatments on the structure and function of uterine scars. PBS, degradable collagen fibres, UC-MSCs or UC-MSCs mixed with gelatinous degradable collagen fibres were injected into four pre-marked points surrounding each uterine scar, respectively. At days 30 and 60 post-transplantation, a subset of rats (n = 8 uterine horns) from each group was euthanized and serial sections of uterine tissues containing the operative region were prepared. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical staining for MMP-2, MMP-9, α-SMA and vWF were performed. Finally, another subset of rats (n = 16 uterine horns) from each group was mated with male rats at day 60 post-transplantation and euthanized 18 days after the presence of vaginal plugs to check numbers, sizes and weights of fetuses, as well as sites of implantation. RESULTS The scaffold/UC-MSCs group exhibited obvious collagen degradation compared with the other three groups. At day 60 post-transplantation, the number of MMP-9-positive cells in the scaffold/UC-MSCs group (25.96 ± 3.63) was significantly higher than that in the PBS group (8.19 ± 1.61, P < 0.01), the scaffold group (7.25 ± 2.17, P < 0.01) and the UC-MSCs group (8.31 ± 2.77, P < 0.01). The pregnancy rate in the scaffold/UC-MSCs group (10/16) was also significantly higher than that in the PBS group (2/16, P < 0.017), the scaffold group (1/16, P < 0.017) and the UC-MSCs group (3/16, P < 0.017). CONCLUSIONS The scaffold/UC-MSCs system facilitated collagen degradation in uterine scars via upregulation of MMP-9, which was secreted by transplanted UC-MSCs, and promoted regeneration of the endometrium, myometrium and blood vessels in uterine scars. Furthermore, the scaffold/UC-MSCs-treated uterine scars showed nearly complete restoration of receptive fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Jingjie Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Xin’an Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Tianran Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190 China
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86
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Minipig-BMSCs Combined with a Self-Setting Calcium Phosphate Paste for Bone Tissue Engineering. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 58:748-756. [PMID: 27683256 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are a new generation of bone repair materials with good biocompatibility for various stem cells. The minipig is a recommended large animal model for bone engineering research. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing CPC scaffolds for the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of minipig's bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (pBMSCs). Passage 3 pBMSCs were seeded on the CPC scaffold and cultured with osteogenic culture medium (osteogenic group) or normal medium (control group). The density of viable cells increased in both groups, and pBMSCs firmly attached and spread well on the CPC scaffold. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the osteogenic group had significantly increased on day 7 (D7) and peaked on D14. qRT-PCR revealed that mRNA levels of ALP and three osteogenic marker genes were significantly higher on D4, D7, and D14 in the osteogenic group. Alizarin Red S staining showed a significantly higher degree of bone mineralization from D7, D14 to D21 in the osteogenic group. These results indicated that pBMSCs can attach, proliferate well on CPC scaffold, and be successfully induced to differentiate into osteogenic cells. Our findings may be helpful for bone tissue engineering and the studies of bone regeneration.
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87
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Liu X, Chen W, Zhang C, Thein-Han W, Hu K, Reynolds MA, Bao C, Wang P, Zhao L, Xu HHK. Co-Seeding Human Endothelial Cells with Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Calcium Phosphate Scaffold Enhances Osteogenesis and Vascularization in Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:546-555. [PMID: 28287922 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in repairing large bone defects with tissue-engineered constructs is the poor vascularization in the defect. The lack of vascular networks leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrients supply, which compromises the survival of seeded cells. To achieve favorable regenerative effects, prevascularization of tissue-engineered constructs by co-culturing of endothelial cells and bone cells is a promising strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for prevascularization of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold on bone regeneration in vivo for the first time. HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs formed microcapillary-like structures in vitro. HUVECs promoted mineralization of hiPSC-MSCs on CPC scaffolds. Four groups were tested in a cranial bone defect model in nude rats: (1) CPC scaffold alone (CPC control); (2) HUVEC-seeded CPC (CPC-HUVEC); (3) hiPSC-MSC-seeded CPC (CPC-hiPSC-MSC); and (4) HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs on CPC scaffolds (co-culture group). After 12 weeks, the co-culture group achieved the greatest new bone area percentage of 46.38% ± 3.8% among all groups (p < 0.05), which was more than four folds of the 10.61% ± 1.43% of CPC control. In conclusion, HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs substantially promoted bone regeneration. The novel construct of HUVECs co-cultured with hiPSC-MSCs delivered via CPC scaffolds is promising to enhance bone and vascular regeneration in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wenchuan Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chi Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China .,2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wahwah Thein-Han
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kevin Hu
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chongyun Bao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liang Zhao
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland.,3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, Maryland.,4 Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,5 Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,6 Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland , Baltimore County, Maryland
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88
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Sladkova M, Palmer M, Öhman C, Alhaddad RJ, Esmael A, Engqvist H, de Peppo GM. Fabrication of macroporous cement scaffolds using PEG particles: In vitro evaluation with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitors. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:640-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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89
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Wang L, Wang P, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Zhao L, Xu HHK. Hydrogel fibers encapsulating human stem cells in an injectable calcium phosphate scaffold for bone tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:065008. [PMID: 27811389 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/6/065008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are exciting cell sources for use in regenerative medicine. There have been no reports on long hydrogel fibers encapsulating stem cells inside an injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a novel injectable CPC construct containing hydrogel fibers encapsulating cells for bone engineering, and (2) to investigate and compare cell viability, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hUCMSCs in injectable CPC. The pastes encapsulating the stem cells were fully injectable under a small injection force, and the injection did not harm the cells, compared with non-injected cells (p > 0.1). The mechanical properties of the stem cell-CPC construct were much better than those of previous injectable polymers and hydrogels for cell delivery. The hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hUCMSCs in hydrogel fibers in CPC had excellent proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. All three cell types yielded high alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor, collagen I and osteocalcin expression (mean ± SD; n = 6). Cell-synthesized minerals increased substantially with time (p < 0.05), with no significant difference among the three types of cells (p > 0.1). Mineralization by hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hUCMSCs in CPC at 14 d was 13-fold that at 1 d. In conclusion, all three types of cells (hiPSC-MSCs, hESC-MSCs and hUCMSCs) in a CPC scaffold showed high potential for bone tissue engineering, and the novel injectable CPC construct with cell-encapsulating hydrogel fibers is promising for enhancing bone regeneration in dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, People's Republic of China. Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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90
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Pytlík R, Rentsch C, Soukup T, Novotný L, Rentsch B, Kanderová V, Rychtrmocová H, Kalmárová M, Stehlík D, Trněný M, Slanař O. Efficacy and safety of human mesenchymal stromal cells in healing of critical-size bone defects in immunodeficient rats. Physiol Res 2016; 66:113-123. [PMID: 27782744 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the preclinical efficacy and safety of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) rapidly expanded in growth medium for clinical use with human serum and recombinant growth factors, we conducted a controlled, randomized trial of plasma clots with hMSC vs. plasma clots only in critical segmental femoral defects in rnu/rnu immunodeficient rats. X-ray, microCT and histomorphometrical evaluation were performed at 8 and 16 weeks. MSC were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with lymphoid malignancy. Human MSC survived in the defect for the entire duration of the trial. MSC from healthy volunteers, in contrast to hMSC from cancer patients, significantly improved bone healing at 8, but not 16 weeks. However, at 16 weeks, hMSC significantly improved vasculogenesis in residual defect. We conclude that hMSC from healthy donors significantly contributed to the healing of bone defects at 8 weeks and to the vascularisation of residual connective tissue for up to 16 weeks. We found the administration of hMSC to be safe, as no adverse reaction to human cells at the site of implantation and no evidence of migration of hMSC to distant organs was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pytlík
- First Department of Medicine, General University Hospital and First Medical Faculty of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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91
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Ding Z, Fan Z, Huang X, Lu Q, Xu W, Kaplan DL. Silk-Hydroxyapatite Nanoscale Scaffolds with Programmable Growth Factor Delivery for Bone Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24463-70. [PMID: 27579921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoinductive biomaterials are attractive for repairing a variety of bone defects, and biomimetic strategies are useful toward developing bone scaffolds with such capacity. Here, a multiple biomimetic design was developed to improve the osteogenesis capacity of composite scaffolds consisting of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA) and silk fibroin (SF). SF nanofibers and water-dispersible HA nanoparticles were blended to prepare the nanoscaled composite scaffolds with a uniform distribution of HA with a high HA content (40%), imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was loaded in the SF scaffolds and HA to tune BMP-2 release. In vitro studies showed the preservation of BMP-2 bioactivity in the composite scaffolds, and programmable sustained release was achieved through adjusting the ratio of BMP-2 loaded on SF and HA. In vitro and in vivo osteogenesis studies demonstrated that the composite scaffolds showed improved osteogenesis capacity under suitable BMP-2 release conditions, significantly better than that of BMP-2 loaded SF-HA composite scaffolds reported previously. Therefore, these biomimetic SF-HA nanoscaled scaffolds with tunable BMP-2 delivery provide preferable microenvironments for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Ding
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Weian Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University , Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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92
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Human Bone Xenografts: from Preclinical Testing for Regenerative Medicine to Modeling of Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40610-016-0044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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93
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Qian X, Xu C, Fang S, Zhao P, Wang Y, Liu H, Yuan W, Qi Z. Exosomal MicroRNAs Derived From Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1190-203. [PMID: 27496568 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant global public health problem, causing more than 350,000 deaths every year. Although the development of direct-acting antivirals has improved the sustained virological response rate in HCV patients, novel anti-HCV agents with higher efficacy as well as better tolerance and cheaper production costs are still urgently needed. Cell-based therapy, especially its unique and strong paracrine ability to transfer information to other cells via extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, has become one of the most popular therapeutic methods in recent years. In our study, exosomes secreted from umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (uMSCs), which are widely used in regenerative medicine, inhibited HCV infection in vitro, especially viral replication, with low cell toxicity. Our analysis revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) from uMSC-derived exosomes (uMSC-Exo) had their unique expression profiles, and these functional miRNAs, mainly represented by let-7f, miR-145, miR-199a, and miR-221 released from uMSC-Exo, largely contributed to the suppression of HCV RNA replication. These four miRNAs possessed binding sites in HCV RNA as demonstrated by the target prediction algorithm. In addition, uMSC-Exo therapy showed synergistic effect when combined with U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved interferon-α or telaprevir, enhancing their anti-HCV ability and thus improving the clinical significance of these regenerative substances for future application as optimal adjuvants of anti-HCV therapy. SIGNIFICANCE This work reported, for the first time, the identification of stem cell-derived exosomes of antiviral activity. Umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-secreted exosomes inhibited hepatitis C virus infection through transporting a mixture of microRNAs complementing the viral genomes to the host cells. This finding provides insights and prospects for physiologically secreted substances for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijing Qian
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Research Center of Developmental Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Houqi Liu
- Research Center of Developmental Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtian Qi
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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94
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Olejnik C, Falgayrac G, During A, Cortet B, Penel G. Doses effects of zoledronic acid on mineral apatite and collagen quality of newly-formed bone in the rat's calvaria defect. Bone 2016; 89:32-39. [PMID: 27168397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to their inhibitory effects on resorption, bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of diseases associated to an extensive bone loss. Yet, little is known about bisphosphonates effects on newly-formed bone quality. In the present study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=80) with a bone defect calvaria area were used and short-term effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) were studied on the healing bone area. Three ZA treatments were tested by using either: 1°) a low single dose (120μgZA/kg, n=10; equivalent to human osteoporosis treatment), 2°) a low fractionated doses (20μgZA/kg daily for 6days either a total of 120μg/kg, n=15), and 3°) a high fractionated doses, (100μgZA/kg weekly for 6weeks, n=15; equivalent to 6months of human bone metastasis treatment). For each treatment, a control "vehicle" treatment was performed (with an identical number of rats). After ZA administration, the intrinsic bone material properties were evaluated by quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) and Raman microspectroscopy. Neither single nor fractionated low ZA doses modify the intrinsic bone material properties of the newly-formed bone compared to their respective control animals. On the opposite, the high ZA treatment resulted in a significant decrease of the crystallinity (-25%, P< 0.05) and of the hydroxyproline-to-proline ratio (-30%, P<0.05) in newly-formed bones. Moreover, with the high ZA treatment, the crystallinity was positively correlated with the hydroxyproline-to-proline ratio (ρ=0.78, P<0.0001). The present data highlight new properties for ZA on bone formation in a craniofacial defect model. As such, ZA at high doses disrupted the apatite crystal organization. In addition, we report here for the first time that high ZA doses decreased the hydroxyproline-to-proline ratio suggesting that ZA may affect the early collagen organization during the bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Olejnik
- Université de Lille, EA 4490 PMOI, F-59000 Lille, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France; Service d'Odontologie, Centre Abel Caumartin, CHRU de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Guillaume Falgayrac
- Université de Lille, EA 4490 PMOI, F-59000 Lille, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexandrine During
- Université de Lille, EA 4490 PMOI, F-59000 Lille, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Cortet
- Université de Lille, EA 4490 PMOI, F-59000 Lille, France; Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Penel
- Université de Lille, EA 4490 PMOI, F-59000 Lille, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Place de Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France; Service d'Odontologie, Centre Abel Caumartin, CHRU de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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95
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Ye B, Luo X, Li Z, Zhuang C, Li L, Lu L, Ding S, Tian J, Zhou C. Rapid biomimetic mineralization of collagen fibrils and combining with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for bone defects healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 68:43-51. [PMID: 27523994 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Collagen biomineralization is regulated by complicated interactions between the collagen matrix and non-collagenous extracellular proteins. Here, the use of sodium tripolyphosphate to simulate the templating functional motif of the C-terminal fragment of non-collagenous proteins is reported, and a low molecular weight polyacrylic acid served as a sequestration agent to stabilize amorphous calcium phosphate into nanoprecursors. Self-assembled collagen fibrils served as a fixed template for achieving rapid biomimetic mineralization in vitro. Results demonstrated that, during the mineralization process, intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar hydroxyapatite mineral with collagen fibrils formed and did so via bottom-up nanoparticle assembly based on the non-classical crystallization approach in the presence of these dual biomimetic functional analogues. In vitro human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) culture found that the mineralized scaffolds have a better cytocompatibility in terms of cell viability, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation into osteoblasts. A rabbit femoral condyle defect model was established to confirm the ability of the n-HA/collagen scaffolds to facilitate bone regeneration and repair. The images of gross anatomy, MRI, CT and histomorphology taken 6 and 12weeks after surgery showed that the biomimetic mineralized collagen scaffolds with hUCMSCs can promote the healing speed of bone defects in vivo, and both of the scaffolds groups performing better than the bone defect control group. As new bone tissue formed, the scaffolds degraded and were gradually absorbed. All these results demonstrated that both of the scaffolds and cells have better histocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihua Ye
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xueshi Luo
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Caiping Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shan Ding
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinhuan Tian
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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96
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Current View on Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Placental Tissues. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:570-85. [PMID: 25381565 PMCID: PMC4493719 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) isolated from human term placental tissues possess unique characteristics, including their peculiar immunomodulatory properties and their multilineage differentiation potential. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of placental MSC has been widely disputed, and continues to be an issue of debate. This review will briefly discuss the different MSC populations which can be obtained from different regions of human term placenta, along with their unique properties, focusing specifically on their osteogenic differentiation potential. We will present the strategies used to enhance osteogenic differentiation potential in vitro, such as through the selection of subpopulations more prone to differentiate, the modification of the components of osteo-inductive medium, and even mechanical stimulation. Accordingly, the applications of three-dimensional environments in vitro and in vivo, such as non-synthetic, polymer-based, and ceramic scaffolds, will also be discussed, along with results obtained from pre-clinical studies of placental MSC for the regeneration of bone defects and treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Renaud M, Farkasdi S, Pons C, Panayotov I, Collart-Dutilleul PY, Taillades H, Desoutter A, Bousquet P, Varga G, Cuisinier F, Yachouh J. A New Rat Model for Translational Research in Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:125-131. [PMID: 26472155 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The European Union (EU) directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purpose focused on reducing the number of animals and refinement of breeding. Animal studies are necessary to protect human health. Lots of animal models exist to study bone regeneration, but a reliable, well reproducible, and relatively inexpensive model with the possibility for multiple testing in the same animal is still missing. Rats may serve as good models for this due to the small animal size and good cost/benefit ratio. The present study aimed to develop a novel rat caudal vertebrae critical size defect model for bone regeneration and implant osseointegration studies The study was performed using Wistar rats with weight from 380 to 450 g. An incision was made on the dorsal side of the tail. After skin and muscles retractions, the vertebrae were exposed. Critical size defects for bone tissue engineering or implant placements for titanium body experiments were possible in each of the first four caudal vertebrae. Micro-computed tomography (CT) and histology were used to detect bone growth. There was no bone formation in the defects after 1 or 2 months of healing. When a calcium phosphate biomaterial was used (Bio-Oss®; Geistlich Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland), a good stability of the material in the defect was noted and bone growth was visible after 1 or 2 months. Results based on implant placement showed good primary stability after 3 months of healing. MicroCT showed integrated implant position through the vertebra. These results suggest that the rat caudal vertebrae may serve as a good new model for studying bone regeneration and implant osseointegration with the possibility of multiple testing within the same experimental animal and the potential to decrease number of experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Renaud
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Sandor Farkasdi
- 2 Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Coline Pons
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Ivan Panayotov
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hubert Taillades
- 3 Animalerie, Faculté de médecine, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alban Desoutter
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Bousquet
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Gabor Varga
- 2 Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Yachouh
- 1 Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier , Montpellier, France
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98
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Scarfì S. Use of bone morphogenetic proteins in mesenchymal stem cell stimulation of cartilage and bone repair. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:1-12. [PMID: 26839636 PMCID: PMC4723717 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix-associated bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) govern a plethora of biological processes. The BMPs are members of the transforming growth factor-β protein superfamily, and they actively participate to kidney development, digit and limb formation, angiogenesis, tissue fibrosis and tumor development. Since their discovery, they have attracted attention for their fascinating perspectives in the regenerative medicine and tissue engineering fields. BMPs have been employed in many preclinical and clinical studies exploring their chondrogenic or osteoinductive potential in several animal model defects and in human diseases. During years of research in particular two BMPs, BMP2 and BMP7 have gained the podium for their use in the treatment of various cartilage and bone defects. In particular they have been recently approved for employment in non-union fractures as adjunct therapies. On the other hand, thanks to their potentialities in biomedical applications, there is a growing interest in studying the biology of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), the rules underneath their differentiation abilities, and to test their true abilities in tissue engineering. In fact, the specific differentiation of MSCs into targeted cell-type lineages for transplantation is a primary goal of the regenerative medicine. This review provides an overview on the current knowledge of BMP roles and signaling in MSC biology and differentiation capacities. In particular the article focuses on the potential clinical use of BMPs and MSCs concomitantly, in cartilage and bone tissue repair.
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99
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Osteogenesis of peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells in self assembling peptide nanofiber for healing critical size calvarial bony defect. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16681. [PMID: 26568114 PMCID: PMC4645224 DOI: 10.1038/srep16681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) may be easily harvested from patients, permitting autologous grafts for bone tissue engineering in the future. However, the PBMSC’s capabilities of survival, osteogenesis and production of new bone matrix in the defect area are still unclear. Herein, PBMSCs were seeded into a nanofiber scaffold of self-assembling peptide (SAP) and cultured in osteogenic medium. The results indicated SAP can serve as a promising scaffold for PBMSCs survival and osteogenic differentiation in 3D conditions. Furthermore, the SAP seeded with the induced PBMSCs was splinted by two membranes of poly(lactic)-glycolic acid (PLGA) to fabricate a composited scaffold which was then used to repair a critical-size calvarial bone defect model in rat. Twelve weeks later the defect healing and mineralization were assessed by H&E staining and microcomputerized tomography (micro-CT). The osteogenesis and new bone formation of grafted cells in the scaffold were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. To our knowledge this is the first report with solid evidence demonstrating PBMSCs can survive in the bone defect area and directly contribute to new bone formation. Moreover, the present data also indicated the tissue engineering with PBMSCs/SAP/PLGA scaffold can serve as a novel prospective strategy for healing large size cranial defects.
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100
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Fernandez-Moure JS, Corradetti B, Chan P, Van Eps JL, Janecek T, Rameshwar P, Weiner BK, Tasciotti E. Enhanced osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from cortical bone: a comparative analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:203. [PMID: 26503337 PMCID: PMC4620594 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0193-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for regenerative therapies in the musculoskeletal system. Although MSCs from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) have been extensively characterized, there is still debate as to the ideal source of MSCs for tissue-engineering applications in bone repair. Methods MSCs were isolated from cortical bone fragments (CBF-MSCs) obtained from patients undergoing laminectomy, selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and tested for their potential to undergo mesodermic differentiation. CBF-MSCs were then compared with BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs for their colony-forming unit capability and osteogenic potential in both normoxia and hypoxia. After 2 and 4 weeks in inducing media, differentiation was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by the evaluation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and mineral deposition (Von Kossa staining). Transcriptional activity of osteoblastogenesis-associated genes (Alp, RUNX2, Spp1, and Bglap) was also analyzed. Results The cortical fraction of the bone contains a subset of cells positive for MSC-associated markers and capable of tri-lineage differentiation. The hypoxic conditions were generally more effective in inducing osteogenesis for the three cell lines. However, at 2 and 4 weeks, greater calcium deposition and ALP expression were observed in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions in CBF-MSCs compared with AD- and BM-MSCs. These functional observations were further corroborated by gene expression analysis, which showed a significant upregulation of Bglap, Alp, and Spp1, with a 22.50 (±4.55)-, 46.56 (±7.4)-, 71.46 (±4.16)-fold increase compared with their uninduced counterparts. Conclusions This novel population of MSCs retains a greater biosynthetic activity in vitro, which was found increased in hypoxic conditions. The present study demonstrates that quantitative differences between MSCs retrieved from bone marrow, adipose, and the cortical portion of the bone with respect to their osteogenic potential exist and suggests the cortical bone as suitable candidate to use for orthopedic tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Fernandez-Moure
- Houston Methodist Hospital Department of Surgery, Houston, USA. .,Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Bruna Corradetti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Paige Chan
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Jeffrey L Van Eps
- Houston Methodist Hospital Department of Surgery, Houston, USA. .,Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Trevor Janecek
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Bradley K Weiner
- Houston Methodist Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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