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Lin YX, Wang Y, Blake S, Yu M, Mei L, Wang H, Shi J. RNA Nanotechnology-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy. Theranostics 2020; 10:281-299. [PMID: 31903120 PMCID: PMC6929632 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA molecules (e.g., siRNA, microRNA, and mRNA) have shown tremendous potential for immunomodulation and cancer immunotherapy. They can activate both innate and adaptive immune system responses by silencing or upregulating immune-relevant genes. In addition, mRNA-based vaccines have recently been actively pursued and tested in cancer patients, as a form of treatment. Meanwhile, various nanomaterials have been developed to enhance RNA delivery to the tumor and immune cells. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in the development of RNA-based therapeutics and their applications in cancer immunotherapy. We also highlight the variety of nanoparticle platforms that have been used for RNA delivery to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. Finally, we provide our perspectives of potential challenges and opportunities of RNA-based nanotherapeutics in clinical translation towards cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Lin
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sara Blake
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Mian Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Anfray C, Mainini F, Andón FT. Nanoparticles for immunotherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-102828-5.00011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Wang X, Wang N, Yang Y, Wang X, Liang J, Tian X, Zhang H, Leng X. Polydopamine nanoparticles carrying tumor cell lysate as a potential vaccine for colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3062-3075. [PMID: 31140475 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00010k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) were prepared via dopamine self-polymerization; then, tumor cell lysate (TCL) was covalently attached onto the PDA NPs. The TCL loading capacity was 480 μg per mg of PDA NPs, and the resulting TCL@PDA NPs (241.9 nm) had perfect storage stability and negligible cytotoxicity against APCs. Tumor-bearing mice vaccinated with TCL@PDA NPs experienced significant delay in tumor progression due to the sufficient amount of CTLs and M1-type TAM as well as the deficient number of immunosuppression-related cells in the tumor tissues. Furthermore, empty PDA NPs had the ability to modulate DC maturation and delayed the development of tumors by facilitating the production of activated T cells and decreasing the subpopulation of MDSCs within the tumor microenvironment. Overall, these PDA NPs are expected to be a promising candidate for application as antigen delivery carriers because of their facile antigen loading method as well as their simple and rapid preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Danilenko ED, Belkina AO, Sysoeva GM. Development of Drugs Based on High-Polymeric Double-Stranded RNA for Antiviral and Antitumor Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) SUPPLEMENT. SERIES B, BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2019; 13:308-323. [PMID: 32288939 PMCID: PMC7104317 DOI: 10.1134/s1990750819040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract-The review summarizes literature data on the development of drugs based on natural and synthetic high-polymeric double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), their antiviral, immunoadjuvant, and antitumor properties. Special attention is paid to cell receptors responding to exogenous dsRNA, pathways of dsRNA-dependent antiviral reaction, ability of dsRNA to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of malignant cells. It has been shown that enhancing the innate immune response with dsRNA can be an effective component in improving methods for treating and preventing infectious and cancer diseases. The further use of dsRNA for the correction of pathological processes of different origin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. D. Danilenko
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (SRC VB) “Vector”, Khimzavodskaya ul. 9, 633010 Berdsk, Novosibirsk region Russia
| | - A. O. Belkina
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (SRC VB) “Vector”, Khimzavodskaya ul. 9, 633010 Berdsk, Novosibirsk region Russia
| | - G. M. Sysoeva
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (SRC VB) “Vector”, Khimzavodskaya ul. 9, 633010 Berdsk, Novosibirsk region Russia
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Yang Z, Ma Y, Zhao H, Yuan Y, Kim BYS. Nanotechnology platforms for cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1590. [PMID: 31696664 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Various cancer therapies have advanced remarkably over the past decade. Unlike the direct therapeutic targeting of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is a new strategy that boosts the host's immune system to detect specific cancer cells for efficient elimination. Nanoparticles incorporating immunomodulatory agents can activate immune cells and modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance antitumor immunity. Such nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapies have received considerable attention and have been extensively studied in recent years. This review thus focuses on nanoparticle-based platforms (especially naturally derived nanoparticles and synthetic nanoparticles) utilized in recent advances; summarizes delivery systems that incorporate various immune-modulating agents, including peptides and nucleic acids, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and other small immunostimulating agents; and introduces combinational cancer immunotherapy with nanoparticles, especially nanoparticle-based photo-immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based chemo-immunotherapy. Undoubtedly, the recent studies introduced in this review prove that nanoparticle-incorporated cancer immunotherapy is a highly promising treatment modality for patients with cancer. Nonetheless further research is needed to solve safety concerns and improve efficacy of nanoplatform-based cancer immunotherapy for future clinical application. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Betty Y S Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Li Y, Ayala-Orozco C, Rauta PR, Krishnan S. The application of nanotechnology in enhancing immunotherapy for cancer treatment: current effects and perspective. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17157-17178. [PMID: 31531445 PMCID: PMC6778734 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response. Despite the impressive therapeutic potential of immunotherapy approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines in pre-clinical and clinical applications, the effective response is limited by insufficient accumulation in tumor tissues and severe side-effects. Recent years have witnessed the rise of nanotechnology as a solution to improve these technical weaknesses due to its inherent biophysical properties and multifunctional modifying potential. In this review, we summarized and discussed the current status of nanoparticle-enhanced cancer immunotherapy strategies, including intensified delivery of tumor vaccines and immune adjuvants, immune checkpoint inhibitor vehicles, targeting capacity to tumor-draining lymph nodes and immune cells, triggered releasing and regulating specific tumor microenvironments, and adoptive cell therapy enhancement effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. and Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Ciceron Ayala-Orozco
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ranjan Rauta
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Ashrafizadeh M, Ahmadi Z, Kotla NG, Afshar EG, Samarghandian S, Mandegary A, Pardakhty A, Mohammadinejad R, Sethi G. Nanoparticles Targeting STATs in Cancer Therapy. Cells 2019; 8:E1158. [PMID: 31569687 PMCID: PMC6829305 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, an increase in the incidence rate of cancer has been witnessed. Although many efforts have been made to manage and treat this life threatening condition, it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Therefore, scientists have attempted to target molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer initiation and metastasis. It has been shown that signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT) contributes to the progression of cancer cells. This important signaling pathway is associated with a number of biological processes including cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. It appears that dysregulation of the STAT signaling pathway promotes the migration, viability and malignancy of various tumor cells. Hence, there have been many attempts to target the STAT signaling pathway. However, it seems that currently applied therapeutics may not be able to effectively modulate the STAT signaling pathway and suffer from a variety of drawbacks such as low bioavailability and lack of specific tumor targeting. In the present review, we demonstrate how nanocarriers can be successfully applied for encapsulation of STAT modulators in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar 6451741117, Iran.
| | - Niranjan G Kotla
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland.
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur 9318614139, Iran.
| | - Ali Mandegary
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran.
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran.
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
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Wang Y, Huang H, Yao S, Li G, Xu C, Ye Y, Gui S. A lipid-soluble extract of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott enhances antitumor T cell responses by restoring tumor-associated dendritic cell activation and maturation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111980. [PMID: 31146000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pinellia pedatisecta Schott (PPS)is a traditional Chinese medicine functioning as reducing swelling and drying dampness. Pinellia pedatisecta Schott extract (PE) has been confirmed to suppress cervical tumor growth and modulate the antitumor CD4+T helper immunity towards Th1. AIMS To explore the roles of PE in modulating tumor-associated dendritic cell (TADC) activation and function. METHODS For in vivo studies, HPV+TC-1 mouse tumor models were conducted and treated with PE for 3 weeks (10 mg/kg/d or 20 mg/kg/day). The immune profiles of spleen, tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs), tumor and serum were analyzed by flow cytometry and multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. For in vitro studies, TADCs were generated by tumor-conditioned medium and treated with PE solution. The maturation and function of TADCs were evaluated by flow cytometry, ELISA, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) assay. Furthermore, the effect of PE on SOCS1 pathway was examined by western blotting and real time PCR. RESULTS PE upregulated the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) and costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on TADCs and promoted IL-12 secretion from TADCs. In addition, PE-treated TADCs promoted the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and induced the differentiation of IFN-γ+CD4+ and GZMB+CD8+ T cells. PE-treated TADCs also elicited a more powerful antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. Furthermore, PE treatment in vivo enhanced the proliferation, activated the functional ability (increased Ki67, CD137, GZMB or IFN-γ, TNF-α expression) and reversed the exhaustion (impaired CD95 or PD-1 expression) of antitumor T cells. Mechanistically, PE inhibited SOCS1-restrained JAK2 activation in TADCs. CONCLUSIONS PE efficiently restored the immature status of TADCs and enhanced their function as antigen-presenting cells to further elicit antitumor Th1 and CTL responses, suggesting that PE may be a potential immunomodulatory drug for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guiling Li
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Congjian Xu
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Suiqi Gui
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Danilenko ED, Belkina AO, Sysoeva GM. [Development of drugs on the basis of high-polymeric double-stranded RNA for antiviral and antitumor therapy]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 65:277-293. [PMID: 31436169 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20196504277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes literature data on the development of drugs based on natural and synthetic high-polymeric double-stranded RNA, and their antiviral, immunoadjuvant and antitumor properties. Special attention is paid to cell receptors responding to exogenous dsRNA, the paths of dsRNA-dependent antiviral reaction, ability of dsRNA to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis ofmalignant cells. It has been shown that enhancing the innate immune response with dsRNA can be an effective component in improving methods for treating and preventing infectious and cancer diseases. The further use of dsRNA for the correction of pathological processes of different origin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Danilenko
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Berdsk, Russia
| | - A O Belkina
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Berdsk, Russia
| | - G M Sysoeva
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Berdsk, Russia
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Bai Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu J, Xing X, Wang C, Gao L, Liu Y, Shi L. Potential applications of nanoparticles for tumor microenvironment remodeling to ameliorate cancer immunotherapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118636. [PMID: 31446027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have made significant innovations in the field of tumor immunotherapy based on the knowledge of biology, oncology, and immunology. Tumor immunotherapy involves the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR (chimeric antigen receptor)-T cell therapy. As compared with conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy is a potential approach to induce a more powerful immune response against tumor in the patient suffering from the advanced stage malignancy. Regardless of the developments made, a large number of clinical studies have confirmed that a substantial number of cancer patients still demonstrate non-responsiveness to immunotherapy, mainly due to the immunomodulating interactions of tumor cells with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (iTME). It leads to immune tolerance of tumors and influences the efficacy of immunotherapy. This immune failure could be attributed to a complex immunosuppressive network comprising stromal and inflammatory cells, vessel system, ECM (extracellular matrix) and the cytokines released in tumor microenvironment (TME). The antitumor immune activity can be enhanced at different stages of tumor development by selective suppression of inhibitory pathways in the TME. This specific task can be achieved by using nano-sized drug delivery tools which are specific in their action and biocompatible in nature. Several recent studies have described the use of nanoparticles for iTME remodeling through the specific elimination of immunosuppressive cells, obstructing immune checkpoints, promotion of inflammatory cytokines, and amending the regulatory cells of the immune system. The efficacy of current immunotherapy can be improved by nanoparticle-mediated remodeling of iTME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Bai
- Extrathoracic and Thyroid Mammary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Extrathoracic and Thyroid Mammary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Encephalopathy Center, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Reproductive Center, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiuli Xing
- Physical Examination Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chunlan Wang
- Respiratory Department, First Clinical College, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Longlan Gao
- Brain Surgery, Liaoyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoyuan 136000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Brain Surgery, Liaoyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoyuan 136000, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China.
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Sang MM, Liu FL, Wang Y, Luo RJ, Huan XX, Han LF, Zhang ZT, Feng F, Qu W, Liu W, Zheng F. A novel redox/pH dual-responsive and hyaluronic acid-decorated multifunctional magnetic complex micelle for targeted gambogic acid delivery for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1846-1857. [PMID: 30334478 PMCID: PMC6225507 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1486472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA) is a naturally derived potent anticancer agent with extremely poor biocompatibility. In the present study, a novel of redox/pH dual-responsive multifunctional magnetic complex micelle (sPEG/HA/CSO-SS-Hex/Fe3O4/GA), which consisted of a reducible hexadecanol-modified chitosan oligosaccharide polymer micelle (CSO-SS-Hex) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) and DCA grafted sheddable PEG-PLL (sPEG) copolymers and loaded with gambogic acid (GA) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were developed for parenteral delivery for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The ex vivo study showed that the sPEG shielded cationic HA/CSO-SS-Hex/Fe3O4/GA core at physiological pH but quickly shed off to re-expose the core due to its charge reversible property. The sPEG/HA/CSO-SS-Hex/Fe3O4/GA micelles effectively facilitated tumor-targeted GA delivery by HA, which is a targeting ligand for CD44 receptor of TNBC cells, meanwhile increase GA uptake at the acidic condition but diminished the drug uptake at neutral pH. The in vitro cellular uptake study and in vivo biodistribution and antitumor activity of the formulations were determined, all results showed that the complex micelle enhanced TNBC tumor cellular uptake and fast drug release due to the combined effect of magnet targeting, CD44 receptor-mediated internalization and redox/pH dual-responsive drug release. Hence, tumor-targeted delivery of GA with redox/pH dual-responsive multifunctional magnetic complex micelle sPEG/HA/CSO-SS-Hex/Fe3O4/GA might have potential implications for the chemotherapy of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mang Mang Sang
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Lei Liu
- c Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Jie Luo
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xian Huan
- c Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Fei Han
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Tao Zhang
- c Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- c Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- c Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zheng
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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Liu J, Zhang R, Xu ZP. Nanoparticle-Based Nanomedicines to Promote Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Future Directions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900262. [PMID: 30908864 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a promising cancer terminator by directing the patient's own immune system in the fight against this challenging disorder. Despite the monumental therapeutic potential of several immunotherapy strategies in clinical applications, the efficacious responses of a wide range of immunotherapeutic agents are limited in virtue of their inadequate accumulation in the tumor tissue and fatal side effects. In the last decades, increasing evidences disclose that nanotechnology acts as an appealing solution to address these technical barriers via conferring rational physicochemical properties to nanomaterials. In this Review, an imperative emphasis will be drawn from the current understanding of the effect of a nanosystem's structure characteristics (e.g., size, shape, surface charge, elasticity) and its chemical modification on its transport and biodistribution behavior. Subsequently, rapid-moving advances of nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapies are summarized from traditional vaccine strategies to recent novel approaches, including delivery of immunotherapeutics (such as whole cancer cell vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade, and immunogenic cell death) and engineered immune cells, to regulate tumor microenvironment and activate cellular immunity. The future prospects may involve in the rational combination of a few immunotherapies for more efficient cancer inhibition and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Tran TH, Tran TTP, Truong DH, Nguyen HT, Pham TT, Yong CS, Kim JO. Toll-like receptor-targeted particles: A paradigm to manipulate the tumor microenvironment for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:82-96. [PMID: 31129358 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on antigen presenting cells, especially dendritic cells, offers several sensitive mediators to trigger an adaptive immune response, which potentially can be exploited to detect and eliminate pathogenic objects. Consequently, numerous agonists that target TLRs are being used clinically either alone or in combination with other therapies to strengthen the immune system in the battle against cancer. This review summarizes the roles of TLRs in tumor biology, and focuses on relevant TLR-dependent antitumor pathways and the conjugation of TLR agonists as adjuvants to nano- and micro-particles for boosting responses leading to cancer suppression and eradication. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which express on antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, play an important role in sensing pathogenic agents and inducing adaptive immunity. As a result, several TLR agonists have been investigating as therapeutic agents individually or in combination with other treatment modalities for cancer treatment through boosting the immune system. This review aims to focus on the roles of TLRs in cancer and TLR-dependent antitumor pathways as well as the use of different nano- or micro-particles bearing TLR agonists for tumor inhibition and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Hiep Tran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thu Phuong Tran
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Duy Hieu Truong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - Hanh Thuy Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tung Thanh Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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64
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Yong SB, Chung JY, Song Y, Kim J, Ra S, Kim YH. Non-viral nano-immunotherapeutics targeting tumor microenvironmental immune cells. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119401. [PMID: 31398571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironmental immune cells (TMICs) consists of myeloid cells (tumor-associated macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, etc.) and lymphocytes (T cells and B cells), all of which could be immunologically suppressed through their interactions with cancer cells. Immunological understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has led to great success in the development of clinical cancer immunotherapeutic. The most advanced cancer immunotherapies are chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) and checkpoint inhibiting antibodies blocking CTLA4, PD-1 and PD-L1. However, many hurdles remain that should be addressed for improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and patient-death. In recent decades, nanoparticles have been demonstrated as an efficient drug delivery tool due to their ease of modification, biocompatibility and intrinsic tumor targeting effect, and also been applied for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly introduce the immunosuppressive functions of TMICs and review recent advances in the development of TMIC-targeted nanotherapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-targeted systems have shown to deplete or repolarize macrophages to M1 state for anti-tumoral immune responses. Tumor-infiltrating T cell (TIT)-targeted strategies have provided the activation of effector T cells and suppression of regulatory T cells in tumor, overcoming the current hurdles of single regimen checkpoint inhibitors. Lastly, recent studies on dendritic cell-targeted mRNA vaccination are discussed and the future perspectives of nano-immunotherapeutic for next-generation of cancer immunotherapy is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Beom Yong
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Ra
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 133-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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65
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Strategies for Targeting Cancer Immunotherapy Through Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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66
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Ma B, Sheng J, Wang P, Jiang Z, Borrathybay E. Combinational phototherapy and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy favoring antitumor immune responses. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4541-4558. [PMID: 31417257 PMCID: PMC6592097 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s203383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor metastasis is responsible for most cancer death worldwide, which lacks curative treatment. Purpose: The objective of this study was to eliminate tumor and control the development of tumor metastasis. Methods: Herein, we demonstrated a smart nano-enabled platform, in which 2-[2-[2-chloro-3-[(1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-propyl-2h-indol-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]ethenyl]-3,3-dimethyl-1-propylindolium iodide (IR780) and tirapazamine (TPZ) were co-loaded in poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL) to form versatile nanoparticles (PEG-PCL-IR780-TPZ NPs). Results: The intelligence of the system was reflected in the triggered and controlled engineering. Specially, PEG-PCL not only prolonged the circulation time of IR780 and TPZ but also promoted tumor accumulation of nanodrugs through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by IR780 armed by an 808 nm laser irradiation evoked a cargo release. Meanwhile, IR780, as a mitochondria-targeting phototherapy agent exacerbated tumor hypoxic microenvironment and activated TPZ for accomplishing hypoxia-activated chemotherapy. Most significantly, IR780 was capable of triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD) during the synergic treatment. ICD biomarkers as a “danger signal” accelerated dendritic cells (DCs) maturation, and subsequently activated toxic T lymphocytes. Conclusion: Eventually, antitumor immune responses stimulated by combinational phototherapy and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy revolutionized the current landscape of cancer treatment, strikingly inhibiting tumor metastasis and providing a promising prospect in the clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Ma
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yili Normal University, Micro-nano Electric Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Key Laboratory, Yining 835000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sheng
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yili Normal University, Micro-nano Electric Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Key Laboratory, Yining 835000, People's Republic of China.,Physics School of Nanjing University, Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yili Normal University, Micro-nano Electric Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Key Laboratory, Yining 835000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongying Jiang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yili Normal University, Micro-nano Electric Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Key Laboratory, Yining 835000, People's Republic of China.,Physics School of Nanjing University, Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Entomack Borrathybay
- College of Biology and Geography Sciences, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, People's Republic of China
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67
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Wen R, Umeano AC, Kou Y, Xu J, Farooqi AA. Nanoparticle systems for cancer vaccine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:627-648. [PMID: 30806568 PMCID: PMC6439506 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As effective tools for public health, vaccines prevent disease by priming the body's adaptive and innate immune responses against an infection. Due to advances in understanding cancers and their relationship with the immune system, there is a growing interest in priming host immune defenses for a targeted and complete antitumor response. Nanoparticle systems have shown to be promising tools for effective antigen delivery as vaccines and/or for potentiating immune response as adjuvants. Here, we highlight relevant physiological processes involved in vaccine delivery, review recent advances in the use of nanoparticle systems for vaccines and discuss pertinent challenges to viably translate nanoparticle-based vaccines and adjuvants for public use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Afoma C Umeano
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yi Kou
- Department of Molecular & Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, 54000, Pakistan
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68
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Loh CY, Arya A, Naema AF, Wong WF, Sethi G, Looi CY. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STATs) Proteins in Cancer and Inflammation: Functions and Therapeutic Implication. Front Oncol 2019; 9:48. [PMID: 30847297 PMCID: PMC6393348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway is connected upstream with Janus kinases (JAK) family protein and capable of integrating inputs from different signaling pathways. Each family member plays unique functions in signal transduction and crucial in mediating cellular responses to different kind of cytokines. STAT family members notably STAT3 and STAT5 have been involved in cancer progression whereas STAT1 plays opposite role by suppressing tumor growth. Persistent STAT3/5 activation is known to promote chronic inflammation, which increases susceptibility of healthy cells to carcinogenesis. Here, we review the role of STATs in cancers and inflammation while discussing current therapeutic implications in different cancers and test models, especially the delivery of STAT3/5 targeting siRNA using nanoparticulate delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yap Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Fadhil Naema
- Center of Biotechnology Researches, University of Al-Nahrain, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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69
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Liu Y, Yao L, Cao W, Liu Y, Zhai W, Wu Y, Wang B, Gou S, Qin Y, Qi Y, Chen Z, Gao Y. Dendritic Cell Targeting Peptide-Based Nanovaccines for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1241-1254. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lintong Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenpeng Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Binglin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shanshan Gou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaping Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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70
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Lee ES, Shin JM, Son S, Ko H, Um W, Song SH, Lee JA, Park JH. Recent Advances in Polymeric Nanomedicines for Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801320. [PMID: 30666822 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to treat cancer, since it facilitates eradication of cancer by enhancing innate and/or adaptive immunity without using cytotoxic drugs. Of the immunotherapeutic approaches, significant clinical potentials are shown in cancer vaccination, immune checkpoint therapy, and adoptive cell transfer. Nevertheless, conventional immunotherapies often involve immune-related adverse effects, such as liver dysfunction, hypophysitis, type I diabetes, and neuropathy. In an attempt to address these issues, polymeric nanomedicines are extensively investigated in recent years. In this review, recent advances in polymeric nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are highlighted and thoroughly discussed in terms of 1) antigen presentation, 2) activation of antigen-presenting cells and T cells, and 3) promotion of effector cells. Also, the future perspectives to develop ideal nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Son
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Ko
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Um
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ho Song
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ah Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
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71
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Liu YH, Yeh IJ, Lai MD, Liu KT, Kuo PL, Yen MC. Cancer Immunotherapy: Silencing Intracellular Negative Immune Regulators of Dendritic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010108. [PMID: 30658461 PMCID: PMC6357062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are capable of activating adaptive immune responses, or inducing immune suppression or tolerance. In the tumor microenvironment, the function of DCs is polarized into immune suppression that attenuates the effect of T cells, promoting differentiation of regulatory T cells and supporting tumor progression. Therefore, blocking negative immune regulators in DCs is considered a strategy of cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies can target molecules on the cell surface, but not intracellular molecules of DCs. The delivery of short-hairpin RNAs (shRNA) and small-interfering RNAs (siRNA) should be a strategy to silence specific intracellular targets in DCs. This review provides an overview of the known negative immune regulators of DCs. Moreover, a combination of shRNA/siRNA and DC vaccines, DNA vaccines in animal models, and clinical trials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hua Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - I-Jeng Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Derg Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Ting Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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72
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Gao S, Yang D, Fang Y, Lin X, Jin X, Wang Q, Wang X, Ke L, Shi K. Engineering Nanoparticles for Targeted Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy. Theranostics 2019; 9:126-151. [PMID: 30662558 PMCID: PMC6332787 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the fast-paced growth and cross-infiltration of oncology, immunology and molecular biology, tumor immunotherapy technology represented by immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has lately made remarkable advancements. In comparison with traditional chemotherapy, immunotherapy has the potential to elicit a stronger sustained antitumor immune response in those patients who have advanced malignant malignancies. In spite of the advancements made, a significant number of clinical research works have validated that an extensive proportion of cancer patients still manifest insensitivity to immunotherapy, primarily because of the immunomodulatory interactions between tumor cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), together mediating the immune tolerance of tumors and accordingly impacting the positive response to immunotherapy. The intricate immunosuppressive networks formed by stromal cells, inflammatory cells, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), and their secreted cytokines in the TME, play a pivotal role in tumor immune escape. Specific blocking of inhibition pathways in the TME is expected to effectively prevent immune escape and tolerance of tumor cells in addition to their metastasis, accordingly improving the antitumor immune response at various phases of tumor growth. Emerging nanoscale targeted drug carriers truly suit this specific requirement due to their specificity, biocompatibility, and convenience of production. This review emphasizes recent attempts to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment using novel nanoparticles, which include specifically eliminating immunosuppressive cells, reprogramming immune regulatory cells, promoting inflammatory cytokines and blocking immune checkpoints. Targeted remodeling of the immunosuppressive TME using well-designed and fabricated nanoparticles provides a promising strategy for improving the effectiveness of current immunotherapy and is greatly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Dongjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xuechao Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Ke
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P. R. China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
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73
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Tan Y, Yang X, Dai S, Lian K, Wen L, Zhu Y, Meng T, Liu X, Yuan H, Hu F. In vivoprogramming of tumor mitochondria-specific doxorubicin delivery by a cationic glycolipid polymer for enhanced antitumor activity. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01504j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
C-P-CSOSA/DOX exhibited effective mitochondria-targeted capabilityin vitroandin vivo, based on a skeletal polymer with cationic and lipophilic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Tan
- Ocean College
- Zhejiang University
- Zhoushan 316021
- China
| | - Xiqin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Suhuan Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Keke Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Ocean College
- Zhejiang University
- Zhoushan 316021
- China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
- Ocean College
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74
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Musetti S, Huang L. Nanoparticle-Mediated Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11740-11755. [PMID: 30508378 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscience has long been lauded as a method through which tumor-associated barriers could be overcome. As successful as cancer immunotherapy has been, limitations associated with the tumor microenvironment or side effects of systemic treatment have become more apparent. In this Review, we seek to lay out the therapeutic challenges associated with the tumor microenvironment and the ways in which nanoscience is being applied to remodel the tumor microenvironment and increase the susceptibility of many cancer types to immunotherapy. We detail the nanomedicines on the cutting edge of cancer immunotherapy and how their interactions with the tumor microenvironment make them more effective than systemically administered immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Musetti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
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75
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Li B, Han H, Song S, Fan G, Xu H, Zhou W, Qiu Y, Qian C, Wang Y, Yuan Z, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Zhuang W. HOXC10 Regulates Osteogenesis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Through Interaction with Its Natural Antisense Transcript lncHOXC-AS3. Stem Cells 2018; 37:247-256. [PMID: 30353595 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) which derived from multiple myeloma (MM) patients are typically impaired in osteogenic differentiation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms need to be further investigated. lncRNAs are emerging as critical regulation molecules in oncogenic pathways. In this study, we identified that bioactive lncRNA HOXC-AS3, which is transcribed in opposite to HOXC10, was presented in MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM) of MM patients (MM-MSCs). HOXC-AS3 was able to interact with HOXC10 at the overlapping parts and this interaction increased HOXC10 stability, then promoted its expression, conferring osteogenesis repression to MM-MSCs. In mouse models, intravenously administered siHOXC-AS3 was proven to be effective in prevention of bone loss, sustained by both anticatabolic activities and bone-forming. These data showed that lncHOXC-AS3 was required for osteogenesis in BM-MSCs by enhancing HOXC10 expression. Our finding thus unveils a novel insight for the potential clinical significance of lncRNA HOXC-AS3 as a therapeutic target for bone disease in MM. Stem Cells 2019;37:247-256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzong Li
- Department of Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Han
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Song
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen'ao Qian
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhuang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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76
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Sang M, Han L, Luo R, Liu F, Wang Y, Qu W, Zheng F, Liu W, Feng F. WITHDRAWN: Magnetic and CD44 receptor dual targeting redox-responsive polymeric micelle for precise delivery of Gambogic acid to triple-negative breast cancer. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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77
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Hobernik D, Bros M. DNA Vaccines-How Far From Clinical Use? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113605. [PMID: 30445702 PMCID: PMC6274812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two decades ago successful transfection of antigen presenting cells (APC) in vivo was demonstrated which resulted in the induction of primary adaptive immune responses. Due to the good biocompatibility of plasmid DNA, their cost-efficient production and long shelf life, many researchers aimed to develop DNA vaccine-based immunotherapeutic strategies for treatment of infections and cancer, but also autoimmune diseases and allergies. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge on the course of action of DNA vaccines, and which factors are responsible for the poor immunogenicity in human so far. Important optimization steps that improve DNA transfection efficiency comprise the introduction of DNA-complexing nano-carriers aimed to prevent extracellular DNA degradation, enabling APC targeting, and enhanced endo/lysosomal escape of DNA. Attachment of virus-derived nuclear localization sequences facilitates nuclear entry of DNA. Improvements in DNA vaccine design include the use of APC-specific promotors for transcriptional targeting, the arrangement of multiple antigen sequences, the co-delivery of molecular adjuvants to prevent tolerance induction, and strategies to circumvent potential inhibitory effects of the vector backbone. Successful clinical use of DNA vaccines may require combined employment of all of these parameters, and combination treatment with additional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Hobernik
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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78
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Wang J, Hu X, Xiang D. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems: an excellent carrier for tumor peptide vaccines. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1319-1327. [PMID: 29869539 PMCID: PMC6058474 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1477857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past 40 years, the nanoparticle drug delivery system for tumor peptide vaccines has been widely studied which also reached a splendid result. Nanomaterial can enhance the targeting of vaccines, help vaccines enter the cells and trigger immune response by themselves. They also help in increasing cellular uptake, improving permeability and efficacy. Currently, several categories of nanopreparation, such as liposome, polymeric micelle, polymeric nanoparticle, gold nanoparticle and so on, are proved that they are appropriate for peptide vaccines. This review we discussed the possible mechanisms of nanomaterial's action on the regulation of immunological functions and several major applications of this advanced drug delivery system for tumor peptide vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Wang
- a Department of Pharmacy , Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- b Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- c Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Xiongbin Hu
- a Department of Pharmacy , Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- b Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- c Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- a Department of Pharmacy , Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- b Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
- c Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
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79
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Clappaert EJ, Murgaski A, Van Damme H, Kiss M, Laoui D. Diamonds in the Rough: Harnessing Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells for Cancer Therapy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2250. [PMID: 30349530 PMCID: PMC6186813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches that engage immune cells to treat cancer are becoming increasingly utilized in the clinics and demonstrated durable clinical benefit in several solid tumor types. Most of the current immunotherapies focus on manipulating T cells, however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is abundantly infiltrated by a heterogeneous population of tumor-associated myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Educated by signals perceived in the TME, these cells often acquire tumor-promoting properties ultimately favoring disease progression. Upon appropriate stimuli, myeloid cells can exhibit cytoxic, phagocytic, and antigen-presenting activities thereby bolstering antitumor immune responses. Thus, depletion, reprogramming or reactivation of myeloid cells to either directly eradicate malignant cells or promote antitumor T-cell responses is an emerging field of interest. In this review, we briefly discuss the tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive roles of myeloid cells in the TME, and describe potential therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical development that aim to target them to further expand the range of current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile J. Clappaert
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aleksandar Murgaski
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mate Kiss
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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80
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Recent advances in applying nanotechnologies for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2018; 288:239-263. [PMID: 30223043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aimed at boosting cancer-specific immunoresponses to eradicate tumor cells has evolved as a new treatment modality. Nanoparticles incorporating antigens and immunomodulatory agents can activate immune cells and modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance anti-tumor immunity. The nanotechnology approach has been demonstrated to be superior to standard formulations in in-vivo settings. In this article, we focus on recent advances made within the last 5 years in nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy, including peptide- and nucleic acid-based nanovaccines, nanomedicines containing an immunoadjuvant to activate anti-tumor immunity, nanoparticle delivery of immune checkpoint inhibitors and the combination of the above approaches. Encouraging results and new emerging nanotechnologies in drug delivery promise the continuous growth of this field and ultimately clinical translation of enhanced immunotherapy of cancer.
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81
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Goyvaerts C, Breckpot K. The Journey of in vivo Virus Engineered Dendritic Cells From Bench to Bedside: A Bumpy Road. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2052. [PMID: 30254636 PMCID: PMC6141723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are recognized as highly potent antigen-presenting cells that are able to stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses with antitumor activity. Consequently, DCs have been explored as cellular vaccines in cancer immunotherapy. To that end, DCs are modified with tumor antigens to enable presentation of antigen-derived peptides to CTLs. In this review we discuss the use of viral vectors for in situ modification of DCs, focusing on their clinical applications as anticancer vaccines. Among the viral vectors discussed are those derived from viruses belonging to the families of the Poxviridae, Adenoviridae, Retroviridae, Togaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. We will further shed light on how the combination of viral vector-based vaccination with T-cell supporting strategies will bring this strategy to the next level.
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82
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Liang R, Liu L, He H, Chen Z, Han Z, Luo Z, Wu Z, Zheng M, Ma Y, Cai L. Oxygen-boosted immunogenic photodynamic therapy with gold nanocages@manganese dioxide to inhibit tumor growth and metastases. Biomaterials 2018; 177:149-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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83
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Yoon HY, Selvan ST, Yang Y, Kim MJ, Yi DK, Kwon IC, Kim K. Engineering nanoparticle strategies for effective cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2018; 178:597-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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84
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Awad RM, De Vlaeminck Y, Maebe J, Goyvaerts C, Breckpot K. Turn Back the TIMe: Targeting Tumor Infiltrating Myeloid Cells to Revert Cancer Progression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1977. [PMID: 30233579 PMCID: PMC6127274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells frequently produce soluble factors that favor myelopoiesis and recruitment of myeloid cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consequently, the TME of many cancer types is characterized by high infiltration of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and granulocytes. Experimental and clinical studies show that most myeloid cells are kept in an immature state in the TME. These studies further show that tumor-derived factors mold these myeloid cells into cells that support cancer initiation and progression, amongst others by enabling immune evasion, tumor cell survival, proliferation, migration and metastasis. The key role of myeloid cells in cancer is further evidenced by the fact that they negatively impact on virtually all types of cancer therapy. Therefore, tumor-associated myeloid cells have been designated as the culprits in cancer. We review myeloid cells in the TME with a focus on the mechanisms they exploit to support cancer cells. In addition, we provide an overview of approaches that are under investigation to deplete myeloid cells or redirect their function, as these hold promise to overcome resistance to current cancer therapies.
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85
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Fang H, Guo Z, Lin L, Chen J, Sun P, Wu J, Xu C, Tian H, Chen X. Molecular Strings Significantly Improved the Gene Transfection Efficiency of Polycations. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11992-12000. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huapan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhaopei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Pingjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Caina Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Huayu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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86
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Alshamsan A. STAT3-siRNA induced B16.F10 melanoma cell death: more association with VEGF downregulation than p-STAT3 knockdown. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:1083-1088. [PMID: 30532628 PMCID: PMC6260487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been described to inhibit carcinogenic growth in various types of tumors. Earlier we have reported delivery of siRNA by oleic acid- and stearic acid-modified-polyethylenimine and enhancement of silencing of STAT3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in B16.F10 melanoma cell lines and consequent tumor suppression. Present investigation mainly focused on the downstream events involved in B16.F10 melanoma cell death and consequent tumor suppression following knockdown of p-STAT3 by siRNA. Lipid-substituted polyethylenimine (PEI)-p-STAT3-siRNA were prepared and characterized by measuring its N/P ratio, zeta potential, size, association and dissociation with siRNA. B16.F10 melanoma cells were treated with six different concentrations of PEI-p-STAT3-siRNA (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 nM). Downregulation of p-STAT3 and VEGF were studied using western blot and ELISA in association with the melanoma cell death. PEI-p-STAT3-siRNA hydrodynamic diameter ranged from 110 to 270 nm. PEI assisted p-STAT3-siRNA delivery exhibited increased uptake by B16.F10, when analyzed by fluorescent and confocal microscopy along with flowcytometry. It induced concentration-dependent knockdown of the p-STAT3 that also downregulated VEGF expression in similar fashion and induced B16.F10 cell death. Higher concentrations of p-STAT3-siRNA appear to significantly downregulate the VEGF expression via p-STAT3 knockdown. Decreasing survival of B16.F10 cells with the increasing concentration of p-STAT3-siRNA significantly correlated with VEGF downregulation, not with p-STAT3 expression. Data suggest that VEGF downregulation following knockdown of p-STAT3 may be a key event in survival reduction in B16.F10 melanoma cells and.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aws Alshamsan
- Nanomedicine Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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87
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Liang X, Duan J, Li X, Zhu X, Chen Y, Wang X, Sun H, Kong D, Li C, Yang J. Improved vaccine-induced immune responses via a ROS-triggered nanoparticle-based antigen delivery system. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9489-9503. [PMID: 29675543 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00355f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines that are designed based on recombinant antigens or peptides have shown promising potential as viable substitutes for traditional vaccines due to their better safety and specificity. However, the induction of adequate in vivo immune responses with appropriate effectiveness remains a major challenge for vaccine development. More recently, the implementation of a nanoparticle-based antigen delivery system has been considered a promising approach to improve the in vivo efficacy for subunit vaccine development. Thus, we have designed and prepared a nanoparticle-based antigen delivery system composed of three-armed PLGA, which is conjugated to PEG via the peroxalate ester bond (3s-PLGA-PO-PEG) and PEI as a cationic adjuvant (PPO NPs). It is known that during a foreign pathogen attack, NADPH, an oxidase, of the host organism is activated and generates an elevated level of reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) primarily, as a defensive mechanism. Considering the sensitivity of the peroxalate ester bond to H2O2 and the cationic property of PEI for the induction of immune responses, this 3s-PLGA-PO-PEG/PEI antigen delivery system is expected to be both ROS responsive and facilitative in antigen uptake without severe toxicity that has been reported with cationic adjuvants. Indeed, our results demonstrated excellent loading capacity and in vitro stability of the PPO NPs encapsulated with the model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA). Co-culturing of bone marrow dendritic cells with the PPO NPs also led to enhanced dendritic cell maturation, antigen uptake, enhanced lysosomal escape, antigen cross-presentation and in vitro CD8+ T cell activation. In vivo experiments using mice further revealed that the administration of the PPO nanovaccine induced robust OVA-specific antibody production, upregulation of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proportions as well as an increase in memory T cell generation. In summary, we report here a ROS-triggered nanoparticle-based antigen delivery system that could be employed to promote the in vivo efficacy of vaccine-induced immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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88
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Liu L, He H, Liang R, Yi H, Meng X, Chen Z, Pan H, Ma Y, Cai L. ROS-Inducing Micelles Sensitize Tumor-Associated Macrophages to TLR3 Stimulation for Potent Immunotherapy. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2146-2155. [PMID: 29669207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One approach to cancer immunotherapy is the repolarization of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to antitumor M1 macrophages. The present study developed galactose-functionalized zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) grafted poly(l-lysine)- b-poly(ethylene glycol) polypeptide micelles (ZnPP PM) for TAM-targeted immunopotentiator delivery, which aimed at in vivo repolarization of TAMs to antitumor M1 macrophages. The outcomes revealed that ROS-inducing ZnPP PM demonstrated specificity for the in vitro and in vivo targeting of macrophages, elevated the level of ROS, and lowered STAT3 expression in BM-TAMs. Poly I:C (PIC, a TLR3 agonist)-loaded ZnPP PM (ZnPP PM/PIC) efficiently repolarized TAMs to M1 macrophages, which were reliant on ROS generation. Further, ZnPP PM/PIC substantially elevated the activated NK cells and T lymphocytes in B16-F10 melanoma tumors, which caused vigorous tumor regression. Therefore, the TAM-targeted transport of an immunologic adjuvant with ZnPP-grafted nanovectors may be a potential strategy to repolarize TAMs to M1 macrophages in situ for effective cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huamei He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijing Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huqiang Yi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Meng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikuan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
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89
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Zeng B, Middelberg AP, Gemiarto A, MacDonald K, Baxter AG, Talekar M, Moi D, Tullett KM, Caminschi I, Lahoud MH, Mazzieri R, Dolcetti R, Thomas R. Self-adjuvanting nanoemulsion targeting dendritic cell receptor Clec9A enables antigen-specific immunotherapy. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1971-1984. [PMID: 29485973 DOI: 10.1172/jci96791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-antigen-specific stimulatory cancer immunotherapies are commonly complicated by off-target effects. Antigen-specific immunotherapy, combining viral tumor antigen or personalized neoepitopes with immune targeting, offers a solution. However, the lack of flexible systems targeting tumor antigens to cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) limits clinical development. Although antigen-anti-Clec9A mAb conjugates target cross-presenting DCs, adjuvant must be codelivered for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induction. We functionalized tailored nanoemulsions encapsulating tumor antigens to target Clec9A (Clec9A-TNE). Clec9A-TNE encapsulating OVA antigen targeted and activated cross-presenting DCs without additional adjuvant, promoting antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation and CTL and antibody responses. OVA-Clec9A-TNE-induced DC activation required CD4 and CD8 epitopes, CD40, and IFN-α. Clec9A-TNE encapsulating HPV E6/E7 significantly suppressed HPV-associated tumor growth, while E6/E7-CpG did not. Clec9A-TNE loaded with pooled B16-F10 melanoma neoepitopes induced epitope-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, permitting selection of immunogenic neoepitopes. Clec9A-TNE encapsulating 6 neoepitopes significantly suppressed B16-F10 melanoma growth in a CD4+ T cell-dependent manner. Thus, cross-presenting DCs targeted with antigen-Clec9A-TNE stimulate therapeutically effective tumor-specific immunity, dependent on T cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Zeng
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, and
| | - Anton Pj Middelberg
- Australia Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Alan G Baxter
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Meghna Talekar
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, and
| | - Davide Moi
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, and
| | - Kirsteen M Tullett
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irina Caminschi
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mireille H Lahoud
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, and.,Centro di Riferimento Oncologico -Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, and
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90
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Balasubramanian V, Liu Z, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. Bridging the Knowledge of Different Worlds to Understand the Big Picture of Cancer Nanomedicines. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 28570787 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Explosive growth of nanomedicines continues to significantly impact the therapeutic strategies for effective cancer treatment. Despite the significant progress in the development of advanced nanomedicines, successful clinical translation remains challenging. As cancer nanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field, the fundamental problem is that the knowledge gaps stem from different vantage points in the understanding of cancer nanomedicines. The complexities and heterogenecity of both nanomedicines and cancer are further demanding the integration of highly diverse expertise to develop clinically translatable cancer nanomedicines. This progress report aims to discuss the current understanding of cancer nanomedicines between different research areas in terms of nanoparticle engineering, formulation, tumor patho-physiology and clinical medicine, as well as to identify the knowledge gaps lying at the interface between the different fields of research in nanomedicine. Here we also highlight for the necessity to harmonize the multidisciplinary effort in the research of nanomedicines in order to bridge the knowledge and to advance the full understanding in cancer nanomedicines. A paradigm shift is needed in the strategic development of disease specific nanomedicines in order to foster the successful translation into clinic of future cancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimalkumar Balasubramanian
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Drug Research Program; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Zehua Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Drug Research Program; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Drug Research Program; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science; HiLIFE; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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91
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Bosch-Barrera J, Queralt B, Menendez JA. Targeting STAT3 with silibinin to improve cancer therapeutics. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 58:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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92
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Nanovaccines for remodeling the suppressive tumor microenvironment: New horizons in cancer immunotherapy. Front Chem Sci Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-017-1640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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93
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Liu L, Yi H, He H, Pan H, Cai L, Ma Y. Tumor associated macrophage-targeted microRNA delivery with dual-responsive polypeptide nanovectors for anti-cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2017; 134:166-179. [PMID: 28463694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Repolarizing Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to anti-tumor M1 macrophages with microRNA (miR) is a plausible approach for cancer treatment. However, how to achieve TAM-targeted miR delivery remains a challenge. The present study generated redox/pH dual-responsive hybrid polypeptide nanovectors, which consisted of self-crosslinked redox-responsive nanoparticles based on galactose-functionalized n-butylamine-poly(l-lysine)-b-poly(l-cysteine) polypeptides (GLC) coated with DCA-grafted sheddable PEG-PLL (sPEG) copolymers. The ex vivo study showed that sPEG shielded cationic GLC core at physiological pH but quickly shed off to re-expose GLC due to it charge reversible property. Encapsulation with sPEG/GLC nanovectors effectively facilitated macrophage-targeted miR delivery at the acidic condition but diminished miR uptake at neutral pH. Administration of miR155-loaded sPEG/GLC (sPEG/GLC/155) nanocomplexes increased miR155 expression in TAMs about 100-400 folds both in vitro and in vivo. sPEG/GLC/155 also effectively repolarized immunosuppressive TAMs to anti-tumor M1 macrophages through elevating M1 macrophage markers (IL-12, iNOS, MHC II) and suppressing M2 macrophage markers (Msr2 and Arg1) in TAMs. Moreover, the treatment of sPEG/GLC/155 significantly increased activated T lymphocytes and NK cells in tumors, which consequently led to robust tumor regression. Hence, TAM-targeted delivery of miR with redox/pH dual-responsive sPEG/GLC nanovectors could be a promising approach to re-polarize TAMs to M1 macrophages in situ and induce tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Liu
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Huqiang Yi
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Huamei He
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Hong Pan
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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94
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Hu X, Wu T, Bao Y, Zhang Z. Nanotechnology based therapeutic modality to boost anti-tumor immunity and collapse tumor defense. J Control Release 2017; 256:26-45. [PMID: 28434891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still the leading cause of death. While traditional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy play dominating roles, recent breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy indicate that the influence of immune system on cancer development is virtually beyond our expectation. Manipulating the immune system to fight against cancer has been thriving in recent years. Further understanding of tumor anatomy provides opportunities to put a brake on immunosuppression by overcoming tumor intrinsic resistance or modulating tumor microenvironment. Nanotechnology which provides versatile engineered approaches to enhance therapeutic effects may potentially contribute to the development of future cancer treatment modality. In this review, we will focus on the application of nanotechnology both in boosting anti-tumor immunity and collapsing tumor defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuling Bao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, PR China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, PR China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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95
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Kim SY, Noh YW, Kang TH, Kim JE, Kim S, Um SH, Oh DB, Park YM, Lim YT. Synthetic vaccine nanoparticles target to lymph node triggering enhanced innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. Biomaterials 2017; 130:56-66. [PMID: 28364631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, synthetic vaccine nanoparticles (SVNPs) that efficiently targeted lymph nodes, where immune responses against foreign antigens are primed, were developed to enhance antitumor immunity. The size (20-70 nm) and surface character (amination) of poly(γ-glutamic acid)-based SVNPs were selected for effective loading and delivery (i.e., migration and retention) of model tumor antigen (OVA) and toll-like receptor 3 agonist (poly (I:C)) to immune cells in lymph nodes. Antigen-presenting cells treated with SVNP-OVA and SVNP-IC showed higher uptake of OVA and poly (I:C) and higher secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and type I interferon (IFN-α, IFN-β) than those treated with OVA and poly (I:C) alone. In vivo analysis revealed higher levels of activation markers, inflammatory cytokines, and type I IFNs in the lymph nodes of mice immunized with SVNP-IC compared to those of mice in other groups. SVNP-IC-treated mice showed significantly greater in vivo natural killer cell expansion/activation (NK1.1+ cells) and CD8+ T cell response (CD8+ INF-γ+ cells) in innate and adaptive immunity, respectively. Both preventive and therapeutic vaccination of EG7-OVA tumor-bearing mice using the simultaneous injection of both SVNP-OVA and SVNP-IC induced higher antitumor immunity and inhibited tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woock Noh
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Heung Kang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 268, Chungwondaero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong Ho Um
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Byoung Oh
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 268, Chungwondaero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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96
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Qiu H, Min Y, Rodgers Z, Zhang L, Wang AZ. Nanomedicine approaches to improve cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9. [PMID: 28296286 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy by orchestrating the body's immune system to eradicate cancer cells. However, safety and efficacy concerns stemming from the systemic delivery of immunomodulatory compounds limits cancer immunotherapies expansion and application. In this context, nanotechnology presents a number of advantages, such as targeted delivery to immune cells, enhanced clinical outcomes, and reduced adverse events, which may aid in the delivery of cancer vaccines and immunomodulatory agents. With this in mind, a diverse range of nanomaterials with different physicochemical characteristics have been developed to stimulate the immune system and battle cancer. In this review, we will focus on some recent developments and the potential advantages of utilizing nanotechnology within the field of cancer immunotherapy. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1456. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1456 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zach Rodgers
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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97
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Jia Y, Omri A, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Potential applications of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:63-74. [PMID: 27870598 PMCID: PMC5287329 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1245251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years considerable progress has been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy whereby treatments that modulate the body's own immune system are used to combat cancer. This has the potential to not only elicit strong anti-cancer immune responses which can break pre-existing tolerance and help promote tumor regression, but could also induce immunological memory which may help prevent tumor recurrence. In order to ensure effective delivery of immunotherapeutic agents, such as vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents and nucleic acids, a safe and effective delivery system is often required. One such approach is the use of multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs), such as liposomes, polymers, micelles, dendrimers, inorganic NPs, and hybrid NPs, which have the potential to combine the delivery of a diverse range of therapeutic immunomodulators thereby increasing the efficacy of tumor cell killing. This review focuses on recent progress in NP-mediated immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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98
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Fontana F, Liu D, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. Delivery of therapeutics with nanoparticles: what's new in cancer immunotherapy? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 9. [PMID: 27470448 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology to the treatment of cancer or other diseases has been boosted during the last decades due to the possibility to precise deliver drugs where needed, enabling a decrease in the drug's side effects. Nanocarriers are particularly valuable for potentiating the simultaneous co-delivery of multiple drugs in the same particle for the treatment of heavily burdening diseases like cancer. Immunotherapy represents a new concept in the treatment of cancer and has shown outstanding results in patients treated with check-point inhibitors. Thereby, researchers are applying nanotechnology to cancer immunotherapy toward the development of nanocarriers for delivery of cancer vaccines and chemo-immunotherapies. Cancer nanovaccines can be envisioned as nanocarriers co-delivering antigens and adjuvants, molecules often presenting different physicochemical properties, in cancer therapy. A wide range of nanocarriers (e.g., polymeric, lipid-based and inorganic) allow the co-formulation of these molecules, or the delivery of chemo- and immune-therapeutics in the same system. Finally, there is a trend toward the use of biologically inspired and derived nanocarriers. In this review, we present the recent developments in the field of immunotherapy, describing the different systems proposed by categories: polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanosystems, metallic and inorganic nanosystems and, finally, biologically inspired and derived nanovaccines. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1421. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1421 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fontana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dongfei Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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99
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Liu L, Yi H, Wang C, He H, Li P, Pan H, Sheng N, Ji M, Cai L, Ma Y. Integrated Nanovaccine with MicroRNA-148a Inhibition Reprograms Tumor-Associated Dendritic Cells by Modulating miR-148a/DNMT1/SOCS1 Axis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:1231-41. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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100
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Toy R, Roy K. Engineering nanoparticles to overcome barriers to immunotherapy. Bioeng Transl Med 2016; 1:47-62. [PMID: 29313006 PMCID: PMC5689503 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in immunotherapy have led to the development of a variety of promising therapeutics, including small molecules, proteins and peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and cellular therapies. Despite this wealth of new therapeutics, the efficacy of immunotherapy has been limited by challenges in targeted delivery and controlled release, that is, spatial and temporal control on delivery. Particulate carriers, especially nanoparticles have been widely studied in drug delivery and vaccine research and are being increasingly investigated as vehicles to deliver immunotherapies. Nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery could provide several benefits, including control of biodistribution and transport kinetics, the potential for site-specific targeting, immunogenicity, tracking capability using medical imaging, and multitherapeutic loading. There are also a unique set of challenges, which include nonspecific uptake by phagocytic cells, off-target biodistribution, permeation through tissue (transport limitation), nonspecific immune-activation, and poor control over intracellular localization. This review highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between a nanoparticle's size, shape, charge, ligand density and elasticity to its vascular transport, biodistribution, cellular internalization, and immunogenicity. For the design of an effective immunotherapy, we highlight the importance of selecting a nanoparticle's physical characteristics (e.g., size, shape, elasticity) and its surface functionalization (e.g., chemical or polymer modifications, targeting or tissue-penetrating peptides) with consideration of its reactivity to the targeted microenvironment (e.g., targeted cell types, use of stimuli-sensitive biomaterials, immunogenicity). Applications of this rational nanoparticle design process in vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Toy
- Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University Atlanta GA 30332
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University Atlanta GA 30332
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